On this page
- Departments (2)
-
Text (6)
-
A E Sucksmith to the motion his um&m . ....
-
ADDRESS OP THE CHARTISTS OF EXGLAN1> TO THE IRISH PEOPLE.
-
Friends ! — The present governmental cri...
-
* Yidc Moore' * Life of Lord Edward Fitz...
-
TuR.vio.uN Lask. — The committee for getting up
-
the late soiree to uooper ', on ounaay (...
Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
-
-
Transcript
-
Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
Additionally, when viewing full transcripts, extracted text may not be in the same order as the original document.
The Sittings Of This Body Commenced On M...
jfr . Sucksmith was opposed to the motion on his gomuJg into the room , but the arguments he had hf ^ had conviar ^ him , andhewasnow prepared to tote for it . jir , Linney , of Bilston , last time sent 10 , 000 signatures , and was prepared to say that next time they yould send 15 . 000 if confined to the Charter . Mr . Wild said , that on presenting the last petition jfr . Duncombe was insulted , and through him the nation , but ss he is willing to forget this and to do all in his power for the promotion of the Charter , it is our dufyt- » assist him ; it will essentially serve the cause of democracy , and I pledge myself for the district which 1 represent that they will do their duty , and as to the expense , that would only be the cost of the paper , as each man will take his share of the work . - iC CnntntniUi . « .. A . M . » l i . 4 V . *? - . am L :.
. . Air . Hornby : Marvlebone will do its share of the Work , and the men of Somera Town are extremely anxious to see this carried out . Air . Donovan spoke in faTonr of the motion . Mr . Brook : We ought to reserve all our energies for the Registration . Mr . G . W . Wheeler could not agree with the preceding speaker , as the . two objects need not interfere with each other , and we must never forget the interest of the non-electors , in the endeavour to get gome ef them into the elective body , and a National is in every way preferable to mere local and sectional
Mr . O Connor : The views of Messrs . Brook and Shaw of Leeds , and Donovan and Nutall of Manchester , should not be called opposition , they only took a different view of the same subject , but they would see that the Parliament count the number of signatures every month , and therefore local petitions are not the best mode of making our numbers known . Muring the two questions would only open a door for the members to creep ont of , as one would say I voted for the Exiles , and not for the Charter ; ethers would say , I did not uromise to vote for the Charter , only for the Exiles , and so they wonld shuffle the question from one to the Other , one will say I can't rote for the Exiles , as the / tiave been guiltv of arson ; thus confounding the
alleged crimes of Ellis with Frost and the others ; on this point the speech of Mr . Robertson was unanswerable . The last petition wai a masterly production . I never ( said Mr . O'Connor ) saw that petition until it was in print , yet I was saddled with its authorship ; not that I have anything to object to in it , on the contrary , I am prepared to justify it , yet I was called the author of it . and styled in the house by Roebuck , " a cowardly demagogue . " 1 knew that he alluded to me , but it was not for me to take upon myself the character ; I went in the morning , with my friend Dr . M'Donall to the house , and asked Mr . Duncombe to wait on Mr . Roebuck , and ask if he meant Mr . Feargus O ' Connor by that term , and if so , I had the
Doctor as my friend , to request him to meet me in ihe morning , as I am not such a moral force man as to allow such slanders to be repeated with impunity . Mr . Duncombe did wait upon him , and he said he did not mean me , he said he meantnoonein particular , he mentioned no names , thus proving that he himself was the cowardly demagogue , who was afraid to justify his own words . ( Dr . M'Donall here corroborated Mr . O'Connor ' s statement . ) Some gentlemen say never mind the continent , hut we must mind it . the importance of their support is great I have now shown yon why we should have a petition—why we should not mis any other matter up with it , and are prepared to rest my rote on these grounds .
Mr . Brook explained and would vote for the motion . Afr . M'Grath said , the adoption of this resolution would be the best means of removing prejudice from the minds of many , and then the agitation would iave some effect , as by introducing the petition in that house we shall command the Press , which is generally against us , which will not report our meetings , or if it does * o , puts rabid nonsense into onr months , witness their conduct here to us yester day , when there was likely to be a disturbance , they « ould send a reporter to make our differences known , f > ut when they saw that the good sense and justice of this Convention would not suffer one man to trample on their rights , or take np their time by irregular matter , when they saw the real business of the Convention about to begin , they are now not to be found . The resolution was then carried unanimously .
Mr . O'Connor then read the next resolution as follows . "That this Convention recommends the tChartistbody to prepare petitions for therestora lonot Frost , Williams , and Jones , with the view of arriving at a knowledge of the opinion of those Candidates who now have seats , and who may again ask for support at the next general election . " Mr . O ' Connor then said , a difference of opinion existed in the executive , as to whether it would he better to Adopt a petition or a memorial . This is an open -question with the Chartist Cabinet . He had a box full of memorials sent from different parts of the -country . To present them he was willing to have
put on a court-dress , with a bag , wig , and sword;—-a moral force Chartist going to the Queen with a sword by his side ! but when he applied to Sir . J . GrahamI the Minister said it was not convenient to . receivehim at court , so the memorials were not pre--sented . On this paint , the delegates onght to consult the wishes of Mr . Frost , and he wished the people topresent sessional petitions . Mr . R . Wild proposed the adoption of this resolu tion , as he conceived they should nse every means in their power to obtain the restoration of the exiles from their present bondage . Mr . Mooney seconded the motion .
Mr . Clark , with great diffidence , rose to propose an amendment . "From having waited on a great many members of the House of Commons , and knowing their views , he wag decidedly in favour of a National Memorial . Lord John Russell in his speech told them that the proper course for them to pursue -was to address themselves to the Government , as the proper source from whence any remission of the sentence must come- Messrs . DUsraeli , Wakley , Duncombe , and in fact all those who supported the morion were of the same opinion , ana Mr . Frost was not the best judge ef his own cause . The Exile Bestoration committee had left no stone unturned to effect their object , and the members of that committee were unanimously in favour of a National memorial . He should , therefore , move as an amendment , " That we recommend to the country the propriety of adopting a memorial to the Executive Government , praying for the return of Frost , Williams , and Jones . "
Mr . Julian Harney seconded the amendment . It was not a petition , but a national memorial to the crown , which the trades got np in behalf of the Dorchester labourers . From the crown mast come the remission of the sentence sought , and if a memorial did no other good , it would at least deprive the ministry of the argument , that they had not acted in accordance with constitutional forms , in going to the sovereign with their appeal for clemency ; if that clemency was refused another appeal to the parliament would then be advisable , to be repeated , if need be , until successful . Mr . Robertson cou ; d not consent to bow the neck to a faction ' s government , and submit to their caprice whilst the right ef petition was left . It was a constitutional right that he could not give up .
Mr . Tattersall . Some were for a petition , and some for a memorial , and as it was desirable that they should be unanimous , he should propose as a "rider , " that the Convention adopt a petition , and a memorial for the restoration of the exiles . Mr . Bowden seconded the " rider , " as he wished to secure the unanimity of the Convention . Mr . T . M . Wheeler should vote for the amendment . As Secretary to the Exiles Restoration Committee , he could spsak officially , and say that they were unanimously of opinion that it was useless to petition the present parliament , and that the only
feasible coarse was to memorialize the Executive . When Mr . Frost expressed his wish that his ca-e should be brought before parliament he was ignorant of its having so lately been before that tribunal . He and his brother committe men had waited on the various members of parliament , and also attended the Bouse during the discussion , and they were convinced that injury would be done to the cause of Frost by again petitioning that assembly . » Mr . Hornby could corroborate all that Mr . Whealer had said , and he was aware that Mr . Duncombe was of the same opinion .
Mr . Sweet had received two letters fronv Mr . Frjst , and thought that attention should be pai d to Ms wishes and feelings . Mr . Frost wished petitions to be sent every session . Mr . If uitall would support the amendment ; it was in accordance with his instructions , and also in accordance with common sense . They ought to act npon the arguments used in the House of Commons , and bring their case before theministers ; they should pay due deference to the opinions of Mr . Frost , but the opinion of men who had great practical experience should also be taken into serious consideration . -No man , iu his opinion , had ever been placed in a more avhward position than Mr . Duncombe was on the occasion of his late motion for the restoration of Frost , Williams , and Jones . He feared that the discussion in the House had revived and increasedthe prejudice < 'f the middle classes against the exiles ,
they were in duty hound to take the best steps in their power to ensure their return . Mr . Grassby should support the amendment . The men of Westminster had done as much as any locality to promote the return of Frost and his colleagues , and were still willing to useevery exertion tftey considered to he beneficial to them , but when he considered the almost superhuman means used on the late occasion with so little effect , when he considered the unenviable position in which Mr . Duncombe was placed , he thought it doubtful whether Mr . Duncombe would again present a petition to this parliament , and he was also fearful that they would not find parties to superintend its presentation . He thought the bringing of their case by memorial before the ministry would strengthen their case should Mr . Duricomhe have again to press it on the attention of Parliament . , . . , Air . Ernest Jones was in favour of the original Motion , he coasidtted they ought to pay deference
The Sittings Of This Body Commenced On M...
to the feelings ot Mr . Frost j they were petiHoaine for the Charter to benefit those at home , and they ought to adopt the same measure for the benefit of those abroad . He believed that mither petition nor memorial wonld have the slightest effect with the government ; but a memorial was a sort of secret document , a dead letter ; whilst by petitioning they brought their case prominently before the country , and thereby benefitted the cause ; ministers would always say that the times and the circumstances were unfavourable to their demands , but by petitioning they would enlist the sympathy of the public at large . *— xlI" ^"* . * ' . r ' Zr . . ^ " ^ '" - ^"' ^ ' - ^
Mr . Brooks . —From some of the arguments used , it would appear that their object was not to bring back Frost and his companions , but merely to test the strength of the Chartist party , the question was , were they sincere in their desire for the restoration ° * Frost , if so they would not care whether it was by the agency of the ministry or of Parliament , but wonld adopt the means most conducive to that end , it they merely wanted to test the numbers of the Chartists or their strength in Parliament , the petition for the Charter would afford them that opportunity . The return of Frost and his companions would do more than years of agitation to forward the Chartist cause . Dr . M'Donall was of opinion that both measures could be carried ont together , but he should give his vote in favour of petitioning Parliament . At the
petition Convention in 1842 , they operated so on the M . P's . that they got 57 to vote in favour of the measure , and only lost it by the casting vote of the Speaker , this was because an election was at hand , if it had not been so , they wonld not have got one half the votes . He was in the lobby of thehouse when th © motion was on , and he saw Mr . Hindley , the M . P . for Ashton , leaving to dine ; he accosted him and prevailed on him to stay , this was because he had only a majority of fifty or sixty voters and an election was near at hand . Ilealso saw Mr . O'Connell going to dine , he promised to return but failed to do so . When an election was near members became excessively affable , you could then get an audience with them , they even pressed you to ait and discourse with them . He trusted that in the next Parliament they wonld hare several Chartist Members to support them .
Mr . Donovan thought there was somelbingstrange in the present discussion . On the subject of the petition for the Charter , they had agreed to act in accordance with the advice of their parliamentary leader , but in the present case they appeared to wish to act in opposition to that advice . Mr . Frist was not aware that an ineffectual attempt had so lately been made to influence Parliament . It had been stated that an election being at hand had induced 57 to vote for the release of the political prisoners , but what had become of the other 600 that had not voted in its favour , tbe dissolution had so effect on them , they slnnk away into their rats'nests . There was an equal prospect of a dissolution when the late motion was made in the house as there was
at the present time , and yet it was spurned by them . Ifa parliamentary discussion had its advantages , it also created an amount of prejudice on the other hand . The late Government bad held out a hope that at the end of ten years , they might be inclined to remit the remainder of their sentence , the present Government bidding for popular favour might be induced to do so in a shorter space of time . Mr . Shaw considered they ought to try the best means in their power to procure their return , and put out of view any idea of merely developing Chartiststrength . They had tried the Parliament before
when there was an equal prospect of a dissolution and failed , let them now try another plan . In his opinion the sentiments of Mr . Duncombe and the other members who voted with him in favour ot the motion , should be considered , and they were in favour of memorializing the Government . He trusted they wonld come to an unanimous conclusion . Mr . Linney supported the motion . Mr . Mirfield was satisfied that petitions were productive of benefit . If they appealed to the House of Commons , they appealed to the world , and not to that house only .
Mr . Mitchell ( Stockport , ) said they ought to ask themselves this question , whether , after the manner in which they had been received on a former occasion , it was advisable to try again , and also if they could get their petition as numerously signed as the former one ; numbers who would not sign a petition again , would sign a memorial . It was idle to dream after reading the debates of that house , to think of obtaining anything like justice ; in that , besides he thought they should act upon the advice of their parliamentary friends . Mr . Pilling said this question attracted great attention inAshton . The Government on the past occasion , said they went the wrong way to work , now the only plan was to try the Government . On the last occasi-m he waited on Mr . Hindley , who suggested to him the propriety of getting np a deputation often or twelve members of Parliament to wait
on the Government . If they would make this a hustings question , they must first go to the Government , otherwise the members will say you did not attend to onr request , and yon cannot expect us to attend to yours . Mr . Smith was in favour of petitioning , none of the previous speakers had ^ adverted to the fact that memorializing had been tried again and again , and with no effect , lithographedanswers being their only result , the small degree of hope which they now cherished , was brought about by presentation of petitions and not by memorials .
Mr . Yardley . —All the memberawho supported Mr . Duncombe , expressed their opinion that anotiier course should have been taken , and if this was not done , was it likely that they wenld influence others to vote in favour of the measure , even if Mr . Dancombe would propose it . Mr . O'Connor , in relation to the petition for the Charter , had said that it was with the greatest diffidence that he ventured to differ with Mr . Duncombe , why then did he differ on the present occasion . They had never tried a national memorial , they had only memorialized locally . He believed the men of Oldham would not readily
petition again until the other course was adopted . Many of tbe middle class had signed the petition , and assisted them with funds , but they also disapproved of the course taken ; if they persisted in petitioning Parliament , how could they again apply to these men Lord John Russell had said the Government was the party to whom they ought to apply . He could not again consent to place Mr . Duncombe in a false position . Mr . Marsden . —The feelings of Mr . Duncombe onght to be consulted . Individually he was opposed to either petitioning or memoralizing .
Mr . Mitchell . —The effect of an approaching election would operate as powerfully upon the Ministers of the crown who wonld be biding for popular support as it would upon the Parliament . He was in favour of a memorial , but if Mr . Duncombe would present a petition he would vote in its favour . Mr . Jackson baring heard the arguments advanced by those who had taken an active part in the measure for the liberation of these Exiles , and being anxious to see them restored he should vote for a memorial .
Mr . Sucksmith thought petitioning , by causing considerable discussion , would prove most beneficial . Mr . M'Grath entirely differed from those gentlemen who thought that if Mr . Duncombe declined presenting the petition they could not get other M . P ' s . to do it ; he believed that out ^ of the thirtythree who voted for the motion tenor twelve would be found who would think it an honour to present their petition . Mr . Duncombe might be reluctant to present the petition , but would , he believed , do so if they should press' the measure . The question before them was , which would be most advantageous , petitioning or memorialising . He candidly dftni'essed he was in favour of memorialising and against petitioning , they had tried it more than once , and
failed , they had never tried memorialising nationally . They could not expect petitioning to have more effect than it had on the last occasion , they could not command greater efforts than bad been then exerted , they had sent a circular address to every member of the legislature , theyhad procured thesignatnrs often of the town councillors of Newport , men of character and station , men acquainted with Mr . Frost , they had also procured the signature of all the jurymen who tried Mr . Frost whose signatures it was possible to obtain , including that of the foreman . The thirty-three members who voted with Mr . Duncombe , all agreed that petitioning was not the wisest course . The Government had held out a slight hope to them and they would feel bound
to take advantage of it . He trusted they would adopt the memorial . Mr . O'Connor : All the gentlemen who have supported Mr . Clark , seem to have done so on the ground that Mr . Duncombe would present another petition , but Mr . Duncombe had seen reasons to change his views with respect to the National Petition , and he felt no hesitation in saying that he would do so with respect toa petition for Frost also ; thereforelet them banish that view of the questisnfrom their minds . They were willing to send a National Petition , bccauseafavourableopportuuitybadarrived , and should they not take advantage of the same favourable time for Froat , as well as the Charter t Should they not also pay some attention to the feelings of Mr . hrost himself ? It had been said that a man was net always the best judge of his own case , this might be
true in general , but this was no ordinary case . J" " " says he seeks anxiously in the papers to see what wc are doing for him , petition and he will see it . Memoralize , and the papers will take no notice of it ; be sides they must recollect the elections are near , and what a man will not do when he has seven years'lease of power , he will do when he kpows his time is nearly expired . He did not recognise the policy of menioralising the Crown , when there was the House of Commons to appeal to . They had had Royal Weddings , Christenings . < fcc ., the hulks had been searched for objects for the Royal Clemency , but no political victims had the slightest clcmencv shewn to them . They were told that petitioning would have the same effect as it had in former cases ; this was not so , there was a difference in a measure being done in season and out of season , He denied that they had ever
The Sittings Of This Body Commenced On M...
petitioned at all , because they had not petitioned at a seasonable time , at a time when the members had to meet their constituents . They were told that M . P . ' b who supported the motion , advised a different course ; true , they wanted the odium taken off their shoulders in voting for the motion . Mr . Duncombe had objected to present a petition for the Charter , because there was not a favourable opportunity , It was the same In Mr . Frost ' case , but a favourable opportunity had now arrived , and they would not be doing their duty unless they took advantage of it . Would they reject Frost ' s appeal , his hopes and wishes ; if they only memorialized , they could have no public pageantry , no demonstration of popular feeling .
They had adopted a petition to the expiring Parliament , because they thoughtit would serve the people's cause , would it not equally serve the cause of the individual . The constituents who sent them there looked with a jealous eye upon them , they thought that enough bad been done for Froat ; if they netrtected this opportunity , they would think that they were neglecting the cause of Mr . Frost . They talked of petitioning the next parliament if the memorial failed , of what use would it be to petition a body who had a seven years grant of office . The next election would be one of great excitement , members would be anxionsto conciliate the working classes , and he implored them to turn this feeling to the advantage of Mr . Frost .
Mr . Wild in reply , stated his anxiety to avoid a division . He was fearful that little advantage would be gained by either motion , He was desirous of adapting the best mode to secure the exiles return ; but he believed that neither Parliament or Ministry would concede anything ; whatever advantage was gained , would be wrung from their fears , and not from their justice and humanity . The division then took place—For Mr . Tattersall ' s" rider , " 2 For Mr . Clark's " amendment" 18 For Mr . Wild ' s " motion" 13 The amendment in favour of the " memorial" was therefore adopted . Mr . Clark moved the next resolution— " That this Convention appoint a Committee to draw up an Address to the Irish People . " Mr . Nuttal seconded the motion .
Mr . Donovan bad no objection to the resolution save this , that in the present peculiar position of Irish parties , he was fearful that the idea of English co-operation would be made use of by the O'Connellites , to throw odium npon the Young Ireland Party : The day would come , when Mr . Smith O'Brien and his friends would become a strong party , and then the proffer of Chartist aid would be beneficial . The day would speedily arrive , when the pure principles proclaimed in 1793 wonld be the rule for Irish politics . Mr . O'Connor could not see what reasons there were for Mr . Donovan ' s objections , as Mr . O'Connell was no longer able to place a principle in doubt , and
it is with principle the Convention had to deal , and not with the views of any man . Now was the time to issue the address , another convention would not assemble for twelve months . Mr . Donovan must know that , on all former occasions , the press of Ireland was with Mr . O'Connell , bat now the young Ireland party are determined to hare a press of their own , and It was the duty of every democrat to assist and render them al ) the aid in their power . He considered it an imperative duty to issue- this address to the people of Ireland ! Mr . Wheeler fully agreed with the-views of Mr . Donovan .
Dr . M'Donall took the same view of the subject , Mr . Robertson thought that it had better be deferred . Mr , M'Grath thought it undesirable to delay the address , its object being to lay the principles of the Chartist party before the Irish public . He believed a portion of the Irish press was now open to them , this had never previously been the case . He should vote in favour of the motion , and thought that the conduct of Mr . O'Connell or his policy had nothing to do with the motion before them . Mr . Smith thought delays were dangerous , not an hour should be lost in placing their principles before the Irish nation , if they could notraakean imprtssiAi upon the Irish nation , they could upon the Irish in England , who were already favourable to them ; upwards of 30 Irish Repealers were members of the Land Fund at Bradford .
Mr . Marsden thought it folly to obtrude their assistance upon the Irish people , they had , in his opinion , already degraded themselves by servilely courting the sympathy of the Irish people . Mr . Julian Harney nearly concurred with the views expressed by Mr . Marsden . For his part he was sick of appealing to the people of Ireland ; still he thought an address which should set forth the real principles of Chartism , in reply to Mr . O'Connell ' s calumnies , would be well timed and advisable . He cautioned the delegates against supposing that the Young Ireland party would be likely to join the English democrats . Smith O'Brien and his friends were no advocates of democratic principles , all they wanted was an Irish middle class supremacy dignified
by a * national flag ; as regarded the mass of the Irish people , the Young Irelanders no more desired to invest them with democratic franchise than did O'Connell and his partisans . Mr . Wild , if they had previously offered their assistance , and been refused , that was no reason why they should neglect so favourable an opportunity as the present . They could get the address read in Ireland , which was the great object of the Convention . The resolution was then put and carried . Mr . O'Connor proposed , and Mr . Clarke seconded , the following delegates as a committee to draw up the address , " Dr . M'Doual , Mr . Ernest Jones , and Mr . Donovan . " Carried . Mr . O'Connor then brought forward the following
resolution , " That the Convention recommend the aopointmentof a large Metropolitan Central Committee , to act in conjunction with District Committees to be appointed throughout the Empire , for the purpose of making electioneering arrangements , and for the purpose of holding a grand National Demonstration upon the presentation of the National Petition , and also to make arrangements for entertaining T . S . Duncombe , and the other M . P's . who are favourable to our cause , at a grand National Banquet , to be held on the occasion of the presentation of the petition to parliament . " Mr . O'Connor said , the committee should take
cognisance of all electioneering movements , they would correspond with all the various localities , and recommend te them the most suitable candidates , they of course to be approved of by the local bodies . The local committee , themselves , must nominate candidates , where there is no chance of getting them returned , but merely by the shovftf hands . The local committee must also see to parochial affairs , and then if the magistrates do as the Mayor of Leeds had done , refuse them the use of the public places , they would soon have the remedy in their own hands . Mr . Clark proposed the adoption of the resolution Dr . M'Douall seconded the motion .
Mr . Julian Harney considered it very necessary that a list of candidates for the next election should be published as soon as possible , both candidates that would go to the poll and those who would merely stand the hustings contest . The publication of such a list was necessary to inspire the people with confidence that this resolution would be carried out-Mr . O'Connor said the general and local Committees would of course prepare and publish the list of Chartist candidates . The resolution was then put and carried unanimously .
Mr . O'Connor . —lhe duty of the executive , as far as to bringing forward suggestions , is nearly ended , it will be well now to appoint a committee of seven , to receive the suggestions or instructions of the delegates relative to any amendments in the plan of organization . Mr . J . Mitchell seconded the motion . Agreed to . On the motion of Mr . Harney , the following delegates were appointed . Messrs . Nuttall , Sweet , Smith , Brooke , Wild , Yardly , and Clark .-Mr . Clark then read the draught of the petition for the Charter , and moved that it be referred to a committee of three for revision . Motion carried . Messrs . Harney , Marsden , and Robertson was appointed the committee . The Convention then adjourned . Weonesoay . —The Roll was called and the minutes read and confirmed .
Mr . Wheeler as Secretary , brought forward the accounts of the Exiles Restoration Committee , and read an address from a sub-committee appointed by the body . By the accounts it appeared that the Committee held a balance of 4 s . 2 $ d . The accounts were then passed , and the Executive again appointed as the Committee with the addition of one member from each Metropolitan Locality , Mr . Mirfield moved the following resolution . " That this Convention recommend the Chartist Executive Ceminittee , to call upon every Chartist
Locality throughout the empire , to make a subscription for the benefit of Zephaniah Williams ami William Jones , the companions of John Frost , that those two patriots may be placed in a position to employ themselves in the land of their exile , the s-jb .-cription to be kept open for twelve months . " He well knew by experience that having the means to ensure bodily comfort was one great means ol soothing the mind and alleviating the hardships inseparable from a state of captivity . Justice ami honour demanded this at their hands on behalf ol these men .
Mr . Pilling seconded the motion , if they did not do this even in Chartism there would be one method of treatment forthe poor and another for the rich . QMr . Linney supported the motion , which was car ried unanimously . Mr . G . Wheeler moved , and Mr . Linney seconded , that Mr . O'Connor be Treasurer to the Committea . Mr . Hornby had received instructions to bring the case of William S . Ellis before the Convention , and weuld therefore move "That this Convention recommend the * Exiles' Restoration Committee , ' to take his ease into their immediate consideration . " Mr . Grassby seconded the motion—carried . The Secretary brought forward the account of the
The Sittings Of This Body Commenced On M...
S 0 «^ S IS to Mr fcf ? i i !>* committee had voted awareffi ' tta' ? d this £ ey did before they were andS , ? ountry would respond insuch a noble SSJK ^ manner to the call made : lie Sm or ™* h be wel 1 if that 8 Un » ™ 8 to be re-KlnisS ^ er tr ? " 8 ferred to Williams and Jones , to be applied to their use , till the country shall have ante so much for them as it has for their fellow Mite , and send them some money to buy them tools to assist them . The delegates must remember that
now a Free Trade Government was in power , Free Trade laws and treatment might be expected , and consequently there would be need of ' a Victim Fund , lie would relate a fact that occurred at Ashton , a few days ago . Eleven little bays , thirteen years of age each , left their work , for a . haJMay ' a holiday , and wentito Staleybridge Races ; -they had a Free trade master , and he took them before a Free Trade magistrate , who committed them to Brixton for a week ; and this is the sort of treatment that might be looked for from the party now in power . He would advise the delegates to take this home to their constituents , and recommend them to employ the present favourable time to provide against any emergeucy . th . at might arise .
A discussion then ensued respecting the sum now due from the Treasurer to the late Manchester committee . Mr . Pilling moved that three auditors be appointed to examine the accounts of Mr . O'Connor , as treasurer to the Victim Fund ever since its commencement . Mr . Brigga seconded the motion . Mr . Wheeler moved that Messrs . Cuffay , Knight , and Dron be auditors . Seconded b y Mr . Mooney , and carried . The "Irish Address Committee" having reported through Mr . Ernest Jonee ,
Mr . Grassby moved , and Mr . Hornby seconded , the adoption of the Address—carried unanimously . Mr . Donovan moved and Dr . M'Douall seconded , that copies of the address be sent to the Northern Star , Douglas Jerrold ' s , Nation , and Freeman ' s Journal newspapers . —Carried , Mr . Bowden moved " That copies of the address be printed for the use of the localities to placard on the walls , dsc . " - Mr . O'Connor moved an amendment " That the subject be left to the discretion of the localities . " — Amendment carried . Mr . Grassby moved and Mr Hornby seconded , that tbe National Victim Committee be amalgamated with the Exiles Victim Committee . —Carried .
Mr . Wheeler moved and Mr . Grassby seconded « ' That the Aged Patriots , and Widows and Or phans' Fnnd be amalgamated with the Exiles' Re storation Committee . "—Carried .
WEONESDAT AFTKftHOOX . Mr . Wheeler moved " That the Petition Committee do report . "—Carried . Mr . Julian Harney then read the second or revised copy of the petition as agreed to by the Committee . On the motion of Mr . Wheeler , the petition , as originally prepared , was read . Mr . O'Connor moved the adoption of the original petition with an addition from the revised copy . Mr . Clark seconded the motion .
Mr . Julian Harney moved as an amendment , " That the original copy be taken as the groundwork of the petition , aud subjected to discussion for amendment , clause by clause" —Amendment agreed to . In the course of the discussion which ensued , some of the clauses of the original petition were expunged , and clauses from the revised petition substituted . Finally , the petition , as amended , was unanimously adopted . Mr . Brook then brought forward the revised plan of organization , and moved the omission of the word " constitutional " ,, from the " objects" of the rules ; carried ; the words " undergoing sentence" were added to one clause of the paragraph under the head of " princioles . "
Mr . Brook then moved the following as an amendment to rule 1 st . All person * acquiescing in the objects of this association shall be eligible to become members by payment of one shilling annually to tbe general fund , for which they shall rece ve a card and a copy of the rules , such sum to be paid by instalments or otherwise , but in no case shall any member be allowed to vote in the business of the association until the sum of one shilling shall be paid . Mr . Jackson moved , and Mr . Mitchell , of Stockport , seconded , "That the rule stand as at present . " Mr . Clark was strongly in favour of Mr . Brook's motion , the localities had neglected to abide by the rules , they had been broken in every instence , as far
as payment of subscription was concerned . The Repealers were not deterred by poverty from acting upon the plan how advocated . Mr . Robertson thought that the present system would act well if the executive would regularly publish a list of the places not contributing their monies' in accordance with the rules . Mr . Mooney trusted that Mr . Clark did not mean to insinuate that the localities retained the executive funds in their possession !; it was not the case , it was owing to tbe apathy of the members that the subscriptions had fallen off . Mr . Briggs felt . inclined to support the rule as it at present stood , bat should listen to the arguments of tho ensuing speakers .
Mr . Wild , as one of the committee , would give his reasons for voting for the resolution . In times of excitement members joined them , they entered into expenses upon the faith of these members , but in many cases they never paid again to the society . He believed they would raise more funds by the proposed method , and thus be enabled to support their officers instead of abandoning them as at present . Mr . O'Connor thought that the resolution would be found injurious to the working of the Society ; he feared thatit would create an aristocracy in Chartism . It gave all the advantages to the members who paid down their shillings at once . Under this system the middle-class might swamp the association , for the purpose of changing the Executive , or turning the association to other than Ciiartist purposes . He was convinced that the Executive would get less money under the projected system than even they got at present .
Mr . Tattersall had been in the movement ever » ince 1830 , and he knew the state of most of the localities in Lancashire , and knew that the men there could not pay the Is . Mr . Nuttall : The Committee had no idea of creating an aristocracy in the society ; Manchester had done its duty , it had sent as much to the Executive as any society , and yet it had not sent its fair quota , nnd could not under the present system . He maintained that at present there was no Executive ; the present body could not be considered as such , as they are paid by the Land Society , and are giving their services to the Chartist Associations gratuitously . Dr . M'Douall was opposed to all property qualifications , and the proposed rule looked like a property
qualification . He should be inclined to support the proposed rule , provided its disfranchising principle was abandoned . Mr . Julian Harney said he was the first who proposed this regulation at a Conference of Chartist delegates three years ago , when he had but one supporter . He was convinced tlie principle was a sound one , and would ultimately be adopted . The present system was a thorough failure . That had been . admitted by the opponents as well the supporters of Mr . Brook's motion . The idea that under the proposed regulation the middle class would or could swamp the Chartists , was absurd . Supposing the possibility of such a danger , there was virtue sufficient in the poorest of the Chartists to prevent it , as by their sacrifices they had oiten shown . He denied that the suggested rule involved a property
qualification . It was a Radical principle , that taxation and representation should be co-extensive ; but no man expected , under any form of government , or in any state of society , to be invested with the rights , and at the same time released from the duties , of citizenship . The soma rule applied to their society ; the man who had not paid his contribution had no right to vote away the contributions of others . Much harm had been done by always telling the people that they were too poor " to i ! o their duty . That was the way lo make them neglect their duty . Under tlie present syst- m there was no money cither for the support of the Executive or lecturers . The opponents of Mr . Br , ok ' s motion should propose something better or else give tbe system suggested a fiiirtrhv . Mr O'Connor explained .
Mr . Grassby , —You have agreed to endeavour lo extend the movement . Now , how is this to be done unless you adopt the means ? It in said that the people are too poor to pay . He maintained that any man who bought a pint of beer could not make that excuse . Mr . Pilling was in favour of the rule as it stDoil at present . If they wanted lectures they could always lay on a levy of Od ., and there would be no difficulty in getting it . Ma . LisNKV was opposed to the suggested alterations of the rule ; tho people could not , and would not , pay thcshilling .
Mn . Donovan , If you hire men , you must pay them , or you are acting arogueish part , yet that waa the way iu which they acted towards the Executive body . I hey had never abided by the rules , they had no right to consider themselves members of tho Wry 'unless they contributed towards its funds . Hewae'deeidedly in favour of Mr . Brook's resoiation . In Manchester they di i not allow a man to vote on any pecuniary matter unless he was a paii \ - » p member , Mr , T . M . Whrelrr was strongly in favour of the resolution proposed by the Committee , he had moved it in previous Conventions . They had tried the old system , and found it die \ not work well . When members paid the Is . atentvance * , ncy would not desert the association through fall ' . ng into arrears . It would be cheaper to the - members , if they would place a fund at the cowmap ' j ofthe members , and save
The Sittings Of This Body Commenced On M...
the body from continually being troubled with Levies , Missionary Funds , Ac , as had previously been the case . They were in duty bound either to reduce their expenditure or raise funds sufficient to cover it , if they could not support an Executive , they should disband them . Theresolution ^ could be worded so as not to disfranchise any member . Mr . Shaw had previously voted against the measure , but Mr . Filling ' s arguments against the motion had convinced him in its favour . Mr . Pilling had stated that the members in his locality were unwilling to pay the Is . entrance money , but when a 6 d . Levy was demanded , they immediately paid it , that made him believe that if the sulject was fairly laid before them would
, they assist in carrying it out ; it did not involve any dereliction of principle . . Mr . Bawden .-The decision upan . this question involved the very existence of the Society , if the Executive could not be supported . jj e f / ared that the Association would soon ceaae to exist but he questioned the propriety of this alteration , they had heavy local expenses to bear , such as rent of Hall gas , papers , < fcc . ' Mr . Mitchell . —The men of Roehdale had always done their duty , and he believed they would always do so . If the motion was carried , he feared it would entirely break np the Locality . The Executive had done their duty , but he feared this resolution woutd not prove beneficial .
Mr . Mirfield was opposed to the resolution , his constituents would not be able to pay the shilling . Mr . Smith should vote in favour of the motion , although he was opposed to the disfranchisement of any of the members for non-payment . Mr . Yardly believed that if they could pay Cd . for a levy , they could pay Is . annually . How could they expect the Executive to open new localities or extend the Association if they do not furnish them with the means , lie had always found the greatest difficulty not to be in gettinj funds , but in getting collectors , the old system had in his opinion failed . Mr . Marsden . —lie could not reconcile it to his conscience to vote for the motion , his constituent were opposed to it , when a similar proposition had been previously introduced , they treated itwitb scorn .
Mr . E . Jones . —He was opposed to the motion . Although he was a delegate least acquainted with their local business , yet from what he had gathered , he was fearful that it would curtail the funds flowing to the localities , and thus injure the Association , there was the registration and other funds to be borne by the localities . Mr . Barker was opposed to the motion , he believed us tendency would be to prevent members from joining the Association The motion was then put , when the numbers were 15 for the original motion , and 16 for the amendment . The Committee ' s proposition to alter the rule was therefore lost , anil the rule remains as hitherto .
„ A motion was unanimously adopted permitting Messrs . O'Connor and Harney , to retire from the Convention , they being compelled to return to London this evening . i ; A vote of thanks to Mr . O'Connor for his defence of Chartism at the Nottingham Election , and his services generally in the cause of liberty was passed by acclamation . After the discussion of some financial matters , relative to the salary of delegates , and the payment ot travelling expenses , the Convention adjourned , Thursday Morning . —Roll called , minutes read and confirmed . Mr . Nuttall moved , and Mr , Brigg * seconded , " That the portion of Rule 1 , charging 3 . 1 . for card and rules , be rescinded , and that the price be 2 d . — The motion was lost . Rules 2 and 3 were then passed .
Rule 4—Mr . Nuttall moved , " That the portion of the rule enforcing the election of the Executive by the members should bo chahged , and that they should be elected by the Convention . " 'J'he Executive were only the dispensers of the laws , and not authorised to make them except in cases of emergency . The measure was equally as democratic , and would save any appearance of faction . They all knew the evils arising from tbe opposite course . Mr . Sweet seconded the resolution . Mr . Grassby thought that the Convention was the best judge of the merits of the men and their capabilities for office ; thought the motion , if carried , would injure the association . Mr . Yardley would vote for the election by the Convention .
Mr . T . M . Wheeler . —In London a strong feeling existed upon this subject ; when a similar resolution was carried in 1843 several localities left the association and much dissatisfaction was expressed . The measure might answer if each district could be fairly represented at a Convention , but they bad known Conventions , both in London and other places , where this had not been the case . Members of the Convention were elected by the pub ic , and they might have a Convention in which Uic majority were opposed to the National Charter Association , whose officers they were called upon to elect . Mr . Smith would vote for the resolution . In Bradford there had been fraud on former occasions by some parties , under the present system , in order to return their friends . Mr . Linuev would support the rule as it stood .
Mr . Clark " was sorry to hear that in any district fraud had been practiced , he had never before heard this complaint , and believed tiiat in no other district had such a thing happened . Mr . Filling was in favour of the motion ; he was instructed to vote for the present members of the Executive . Mr . E . Jones doubted the propriety of adopting this motion , as it would give offence to some localities . Mr . Jackson w as in favour of the rule as it stood . Mr . Mitchell would support the amendment . Mr . Donovan . —Were they to have two bodies to govern , and only one governing body ? If so , the question as to the election was all a ftirce , for if thc-y were elected by one body in December for twelve months , and then in April , elected again , when they had been in office only six months , what would that be but a farce ?
Mr . Wheeler explained that nothing of the kind was intended . Mr . Mil field was of opinion that every member of the Association should vote . Mr . Hornby said his constituents considered this motion anti-democratic . Mr . G . W . Wheeler . —If they altered the rule , those localities that were too small to send delegates , would be disfranchised . Mr . Mooney . —Those places not represented would be injured by the proposed regulation . Mr . Bawden , —If the Convention elect the Executive , they must expect to pay them , and not expect the country to do so . Mr . Nuttall replied , and explained why Manchester did not vote on the last occasion for the Executive .
Mr . M'Grath differed from those gentlemen who ihought the proposed rule would be anti-democratic . If the Convention could make the laws to govern the association surely they hail the power to appoint officers to carry out those laws ; but at the same time he thought that the plan as laid down in the rules , presented the broadest features of democracy . The motion was thin put and lost , there bcin { r seven votes for it , and twenty-three against it . Mr . Donovan moved that the votes be recorded . Seconded by Mr . Mooney . —Carried .
Fob the Elkction nv inn Members . Robert Wild , Mottram ; Philip M-Gratl-, Tower Hamlets ; John Hornby , Marylebone ; Frank Mirfield , Barnsley ; Thomas Clark , Glasgow ; James Mooney , Todmorden and Ilebdenbridgo ; Thomas Tattersall , Burnley ; John Barker , Northampton ; James Stead , Holbeck ; Thomas Briggs , Sheffield and Rotberham ; John Shaw , Leeds ; William Brook , Leeds ; ThomasM . Wheeler , Bicester ; Frederick W . Sucksmith , Dcwsbury ; George W . Wheeler , Norwich and Reading ; Ernest Jones , Limehouse ; Edwin Robertson , Plymouth ; James Bawden , Halifax ; William Jackson , Bradford ; Edward Mitchell , Rochdale ; James Mitchell , Stockport ; Joseph Linney , Birmingham land South Staffordshire ; P . M'Doual , Greenwich ; Richard Maraden , freaton ; William M'Lean , Liverpool . Foil the Election by the Convention ' .
John Smith , Bradford ; John Muttall , Manchester ; Daniel Donovan , Manchester ; Jnmes Sweet , Nottingham ; Samuel Yardley , Oldham ; James Grassby , Westminster ; Uichnrd Pilling , Ashton . [ G . Julian Harney , Newcastlc-upon-Tynu , ab . er » t by loave of the Convention . ] NATIONAL PETITION FOR THE
ENACTMENT OF THE PEOPLE'S CHARTER . TO THE HONOURA BLE THE COMMOSS OF GREAT BRITAIN AND IRELAND' IN PAR LIAMENT ASSEMBLED .
We , tbe undersigned inb & bitavAa . © £ lh & British Isles and subjects of the British Crown , thus avail ourselves of the constitutional privilege of subrouting the consideration of our political rights ami wrongs to your Honourable House , in the hope iliat they will receive from you that degree of attention which the importance of the one and the oppressiveness of the other demand from tho guardian * of the civil , sccial , and religious rigbta of the people . Your petitioners declare that the great end of all Governmental institutions should be the protection of life , the security of property , tho promotion ol education and morality , and the diffusion of happiness among all classes .
That your petitioners consider the only legitimate basis of an equitable Government is the expression of the mind of the whole male adult population through the untrammelled agency of the franchise . iThat your petitioners regard the representation in Parliament of every man of sound mind as a right compatible with , and sustained by , the laws «•>! ' nature and of God , and that man ' s privation by his fellow-creature of such right is an act which , if tolerated , evidences the existence of tyranny and injus-
The Sittings Of This Body Commenced On M...
tice upon the one band , and servility and degrada - tion upon the other . That your petit-oners regard " the-Reform Bill as unjust as it restricts the right of citizenship to oneseventh of tlie male adult community , and stamps Hiferiorit 8 lx * seTentha ; witb the stigma of political That the system which your petitioners arraign before the judgment of your Honourable Honse renders , seven men subservient to the will , caprice , and dominance of one ! That it not only establishes thff ascenuaneyof ^^ mall minority of the empire but it invests a minority of the small enfranchised fraction with the power of returning a majority of your Honourable House .
That your petitioners have never yet heard atulid reason urged for maintaining the present representative system , and that the arguments pleaded against the admission of the people to the immuufcr tics which the social contract should guarantee , are based upon class selfishness , prejudices , and contracted views of humanity . That your petitioners hold the elective franchise not to be a trust , as lias bsen absurdly represented , but a right inherent in every man for tie preservation of his person , liberty , and property , which is to be exercised to the best of the possessor's judgment , withoatJet or hindrance from his neighbour .
That your petitioners , believing the principle of universal suffrage to be based upon those eternal rights of man which , although hitherto kept in abeyance , can be neither alienated nor destroyed , appeal to your Honourable House to make such organic reforms in our representative svstem as will make that principle the foundation upon which shall stand the Commons' House of Parliament of Great Bri . tain . That your petitioners , in order that the elector may possess perfect security in the exercise of his franchise , pray Hut the voting at elections for members of Parliament be taken by ballot . Your petitioners
, aware of the great coercive and corruptive power possessed by wealth ar . d station over the poor elector , see no hope of securing purity of election and genuineness of representation but in throwing the protective manlle of the ballot over the electoral body . ^ That your petitioners rrgard the present inequality of representation to be opposed to common sense and inimical to a genuine representation of the people . They therefore appeal to your Honourable House to remedy this detect in tlie legislative machinery by tbe division of tbe country into equal electoral districts , assigning to each district one representative .
That your petitioners hoJd the Legislature , equally with the Executive , to be the servants of the people , and constquently entitled to remuneration at the public expeiue ; and , believing that the House of Commons should be the minister and not the master of the people , call upon you to establish their just relative positions by fixing an equitable salary for the services of its members . That your petitioners consider Septennial Parliaments unjust , as they prevent for six years out of seven those who are annually arriving at maturity from exercising the right of suffrage . Your petitioners also consider that seven years is too long a term for the existence of a Parliament ; a period that affords an opportunity to venal and
time-serving men to promote their selfish interests at the expense of those whoso welfare should bo the ultimate aim of all their labours . Your petitioners , therefore , entreat your Honourable House to create betweffn tho representative and the represented that salutary rcRpnsibifity indispensable to good government , by the restoration of the ancient wholesome practice of Annual Parliaments . ^ , 'fhat your petitioners complain that a seat in the Commons' House of Parliament should be contingent upon the possession of properfv of any
description , as they have yet to learn that legislative talent is the exclusive prerogative of any order of men ; and , therefore , pray for the abolition of what is termed the Property Qualification . That your petitioners respectfully direct your attention to the document entitled " The People ' s-Charter , " which embodies the principles and details fur securing the full and equitable representation of the male adult population , which document they earnestly pray your Honourable House to forthwith enact as the law of the realm .
Should the members of your Honourable House entertain any doubts as to the justicpof our demands , your petitioners humbly entreat to be heard at the bar of your Honourable House by counsel or agents , in support of those claims . And yonr petitioner ? , & c .
A E Sucksmith To The Motion His Um&M . ....
Aum & m . . TilE . XORFHBRjr STAR ft , " " ' i *~ " *~*! i ! w t ..- '^ i , ^ . ;^ w ..- . .,: ¦ .-.--.. — . ^ --.- . - - ' - - - ^ T ~*^ ^^^ ~—~ T * mK ^ KmmMMl * mnnmmtmaMum ^ mmmtmmamB ' mm -Mimmr-mir-im ** mmM » m * nwim * mmm
Address Op The Chartists Of Exglan1≫ To The Irish People.
ADDRESS OP THE CHARTISTS OF EXGLAN 1 > TO THE IRISH PEOPLE .
Friends ! — The Present Governmental Cri...
Friends ! — The present governmental crisis having called the energies of either people into action , the English Chartists think it their duty to address a few wordsof exhortation and fellowship to the Irish people , but , in so doing , must distinctly repudiate' the unfounded assertions of Mr . Daniel O'Connell , that violence and anarchy are component parts of the Chartist character . The Chartists of England , friends ! are a constitntiona ) body , coaibined for the purpose of carrying a constitutional Reform , They believe that the rich and the poor , being of thesame species are under the same laws of nature , and beingalike capable of benefit or injury from their legislators , necessarily have , in the election of these legislators , thes .-ime right ; but that the rich , in defence of their right * , and property , have every advantage which wealth and
the purchased powers of others afford rhem , while thepoor , destitute of these , have no security but in the purity of legislation , nor any means of SQlf-defenee , but in thepossession of their shave of the eleeiwe poww . Thejr hold , then , that the ioor have an equal right , but withi more need than the rich , to elept representatives ; ami that it is , therefore , right and just , than every male inhabitant of Great Britain and Inland ( infants , insanepersons and criminals only excepted ) , shall fully , fairly ,, and freely enjoy the elective franchise , that is to say-Universal Suffrage ; that in order to protect the poorelector ! U !« riust tyranny , the voting shall- be by ballot ? that the Parliaments shall be annual - that the property , qualification shall be abolished ; that the whole empireshall bv ; divided into equal electoral districts ; and that the representatives of the people shall he paid .
We exhort you not to deviate fsom those principles for which you yourselves so gloriously eon > - tended in 1798 j * ive exhort you , fwendsy to struggle for their victory , by the same means which are- ensuring- u &
success : — By creating a public opinion in favour of those prhieU pies through the medium of public meetings , petitions to > Parliament , disjussions , lec tw * 9 i cheap publications * and the newspaper press ; as well as the ferraation of election committees , to secure tha- election ami seturni o ? members to Parliament , municipal officers , and othesr local functionaries . We further exhort you , Iriends ! ' since co-operatievi strengthens the hands of labour , nud lias enabled us- io make a stand against the power of monopoly , to increase the bond of fellowship between . yourselves and ' us , an the only means by which you can speedily obtain a Sepeal of the legislative union . This spirit of fraternity has already caused us to petition Parliament to the number of 0 , 000 , 000 ' Sob a Repeal of the union , and subsequently to the nuinbeu S 3 r ) . 000 vgainst tho Irish Coercion bill—facts which the designing silence of artful men has- kept from the knowledge of the Irish people .
Wo call on you to rally , against Uio W'Wg govesnmenl , now in power , r . a one subversive of yow intenetls—and to guard yourselves especially against your raos-4 dangerous enemies , the men who have pledged themselves to its support , by accepting of patronage atitslunails . On these grounds we address you in a . fn & temtal spirit , nnd with tho most sincere desire- to . see yoinr country elevated in the scalsof nations ;• tu . have justice done to JreJnml and to extend to her Mil those sooia ) , religious , educational and political benefits ^ whiah a , fate and iiitel- . ligent legislature ought , and , ia tho-evanAsii " the People's ; Charter being made the law of fchese Unit-Hi Kingdoms * , shall , give to ali lhe people ofi these , reatos , nithuut diq ^ . tinetion of class ,, country o & steed .
Robert Wild Mottram-John Smith Bradfovd Philip' M'G-fith . Tower lUmleta John Ilornty Marylebone John Nutsall- ilanehestor Daniel lVMovAa Ditto-Frank Mialicld Bamsiey George Julian Harnqy ; Newcas : le-upon- 'S j *! t and Gateshead . Thorns . Clavk Glasgow Jamcs-Mooney VGivmoruen ssci llebden , Uridge Thomas Tattersall 15 usiluy Joliii Barker Northamptajii J <» u > es Sweet Kuttinghain , wUmos Stead Holbitk Thomas Drives Sluftidd
Samuel Vavdky Oldham , William Brook JL ;><; da John Shaw Dim * Thomas M . Wheeler Laieoste * - F , "W , Sucksmith l ) uw . bvii < y Georgc W . Wheeler lUadb'S am ) Norwich Ernest Jones Lsiuonouse . James Grassby Westminster Edwin Robertson rimioiilh James Donilen Ila . iths William Jackson Dradford Edward Mitchell Rochdale ilami'S Mitchell Storkport Joseph Linney liinuinghani P . M . M'Donall Greenwich Richard Mursdun Preston Richard Pilling Ashton-undcr-Lyiie Vfilliam M'Lean Liverpool
* Yidc Moore' * Life Of Lord Edward Fitz...
* Yidc Moore ' * Life of Lord Edward Fitzgerald .
Tur.Vio.Un Lask. — The Committee For Getting Up
TuR . vio . uN Lask . — committee for getting up
The Late Soiree To Uooper ', On Ounaay (...
the late soiree to uooper ' , on ounaay ( to-morrow ) evening , at six o ' clock , in the hall Turnasoiii'l » n i
-
-
Citation
-
Northern Star (1837-1852), Aug. 8, 1846, page 5, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns2_08081846/page/5/
-