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Northern Star (1837-1852), 8th November 1845, Edition 2 of 4, Page 7, TALT-TflE KINGDOM OF KAPLES. riintrim* e...

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      Talt-Tfle Kingdom Of Kaples. Riintrim* E...

      TALT-TflE KINGDOM OF KAPLES . riintrim * extracts from Madame Woltess-The ioliSersfromNap les , " written during her bergek s ^ 1843 ^ ^ 4 noH publishing } n hs ^ Tij ,, wiU afford our readers a glimpse of ra / ' ^ S 5 e state of things prevailing iS the * a STnortion of Italy . Madame Wolfjks-^ eapouwn ij ^ gg ssrTe to complete the picture of 555 Slavery , fra « d - a » d misery , which Mr . ty ranny . «* ' eloquently described as cursing the S 3 SS » *>» Italian - - - ^ a ch ange soon come . . ^ . jjiri ^^ TuXm ADMIKlSTBATIOS .

      - the laws 01 xne x reucn cone were retaineu in jran ? aJJ £ r { he restoration of the present royal family $ a $ es jj ^ one ; hut it is commonly acknowledged that 10 v «? carelessly executed . The officers employed fte V ^ 7 aoiauus trafion think much more of fhe advan-50 to he derived from their post , than of fulfilling the ^ ^ L attached" to it- Gain is the first object with all d persons , as well as with all directors of public in-! ° -tauoDS * ease and pleasure the second . If complaints fl made of . neg lect or injustice , an agitation takes i for a few days , a show of doing something is j , and then things fell hack into the old train , and go laashao lyashefere .

      _ The public functionaries are said to exceed the offices ; j thoug h it cannot he douhted that , in a corrupted -mn * rv numerous oificersofiawareabsalutely necessary , e j , Tfhen they are themselves corrupted , they onlyincrease jibe expenses of the state to the injury of their country . jie whole system of government from the top to the to itoin , is one of abuses , peculation , and intrigue . Every vj ^ , is done by favour and bribery .

      THE ATJSrr iSB ITS DESPOTIBS . lie general spirit of peculation likewise here prevails , j . is true , of his small pay ( about 2 Jd . a-day ) the soldier cssnot he deprived ; yet it is commonly reported , that in cetera ! regiments a certain allowance for accoutrements , V lias been for a time , and in some cases entirely , sidiidd hy the commanding officers . Though means troefound to escape the reprehension ofthe Government : cr £ ncli miserable spoliation , the men did sot patiently fihtmt Three cases have recently occurred of officers ising shot by their own soldiers ; and in one instance it »« well known , that the assassin sought to punish the j . jlikry of his regiment , for which there was no other seaas of obtaining redress .

      Yet the soldiers , in their turn , are an oppressive burial on the people . Since our arrival here , a party of dragoons stopped for refreshment at a small inn on the ;& d towards ltenercntum . Hut iustead of proving good i somers to the poor landlord , w & ose trhole fortune 'was ii rtfted in his little stock ofprovisionsformanand beast , it * uot only refused to pay for their own good cheer , & A the provender consumed by their horses , but carried cf with them all the corn and hay that remained . Vainly cdiie wretched man the ; thus robbed , go lamenting iron house to house . In his own neighbourhood there was no redress to he found . To make his complaint in form , he must travel to Naples ; and when he arrives there , there is little probability that any attention will he psidio the prayer of one who has neither friends at court , uornioiiey topurchasethem . There is neither security nor justice for the poor ; and the magistrates , who ought : o be their protectors , only add to their miseries hy their ttttj and tormenting tyranny .

      It is one ofthe favourite royal pastimes to perform a ijKKSQf mockcanroaign , during which his Majesty shorts in ell the fatigues of his men , marches at their bead irongh the dust and the heat , and bears a part in all jfcar hardships and difficulties . His orders for their njj jr and accommodation are niost imperative . Poring tne of these recent marches , acommandwas sent forward to die proper authorities of a small town , to provide the linage necessary for the horses of the cavalry . By some snKafce , or perhaps from the impossibility of fulfilling

      tin . order before the time specified , nothing of the land w & Tsauj when the army armed . Dis Majesty ' s anger , it Is sail , knew no bounds , and he immediately com . maided the principal municipal officer , who was the person responsible , to be shot without trial , or farther in-Tesigation . The agony of this poor man , who was ttirried , and had several children , surpassed all de-Kri { 'tion ; and though his pardon was obtained hy the { asrous intercession ofthe general to whom the task of nperintendiug his execution was committed , he died ef a apoplexy in consequence of his terror .

      It can scarcely be wondered at , that the people now anvtrsally shut up their houses , and take to flight , when they hear of the approach of any considerable body of { diners . The Swiss troops , in the employment of the Government , amount to more than six thousand . Their pay more than doubles that of the troops of the line , which is z . great cause of jealousy to the native soldiers ; and it is , fens-Jlv rumoured , that ' so bad a feeling exists amongst the latter , that their fidelity could be little counted on , in aire case of real danger , more especially in a popular insurrection . In fact , we heard it asserted by many Italians , that the tranquillity of the people , in their pre-« at miserable condition , is chiefly owing to the dread of fdreini interference , and their terror of fhe Swiss

      regiments . STATE SECAECT—GOVEBKXEXT SPIZS . The great causes of the corruption of the Government , rod the hopeless misery of the governed , are , that there it no chamber of representatives , where complaints may treaty be made against acts of public and private tjxanuj , and no liberty of the press , by which the errors tf the Government , and the crimes of individuals , or even ¦ udicnl proceedings , may be made known to the public at We , and subjected to their judgment . Every thing is cone in secret . The most flagrant enormities are com--sirred under the Teil of mystery , from which , should a * 5 « d of truth escape , it is stifled as quickly as possible . Any author who dares proclaim the secret of public itii ? y , or peculations the most enormous , is at once liwmn inry prison .

      Tie Jesuits at Sorento have built a high , wall around 2 ce * r garden , behind which no one knows whatis passing ; "si so it is with the Government . Without the barrier tf tjnumy and secrecy that surrounds it , the people are ilWed to have neither eyes , nor ears , nor voice . One consequence of such a system is , that society , of fTay shade and class , is muversally infested with spies , lift haunt the coffee-houses , and the promenades ; they " anjit youth in its ardour to pour out its indignant feel-= £ ? , that they may profit by its punishment ; they form iaamons intrigues , that they may draw from the lips of tit wife the secrets of her unsuspecting husband ; they « ve tickets free at all times for the theatres , and other ( laces of amusement ; and under the title of nobility . Perorate into reunions the most select ,

      Tiieconnexion of this abominable class with the police , iffiirdsthem immunity for numerous crimes ; but in no ^ ajare they more dangerous , or less suspected by Erangeis , than as the masters of lodging-houses , -who , * ith their servants , are very frequently employed as spies . We had reason to know , that in one apartment , the landlord ofwhich styled himself a Count , and was in the service ofthe police , every worduttered by hislodgers iras regularly reported to T » fm by his domestic , who , str ong awl specious , might well have been mistaken for one of the most honest and simple of human heings . Boots , papers , and every object in the chambers , were ttaniined during the absence of the occupants , and petty ttefisirequently committed .

      Ser is it only tha petty officers of the police who escape JttponatdlitY in virtue of their connexion with the ( ovennnent . It is well known that peculation , and fraud , and falsehood , pervade every branch of the state ; aiidin aU the great public charities , the results of this SJtttm of plunder are terrible . Not many years ago , a Fiest , who was the superintendent of an orphan asylum hi a country town , instead of supp lying wet nurses to tie infants at the expense of the funds of the charity , sJtsaHv substituted one goat to suckle four children , and Sfpropriated the surplus money .

      hi the seraglio , an enormous building , in which are lodged more than two thousand vagrants aad destitute F ° * r , voting and old , starvation and despair produced , towards the end of the year 1813 , an insurrection amongst fe wretched inhabitants . The complaints of the sufferers reached the king ' s ears ; in consequence of which something like an investigation was instituted . ' This , it » s said , led to the discovery , that 120 , 000 piastres , or £ 2 i , < m , were deficient in the funds of the charity . ¦ THE STATB XAIXEBIEB—THEIR DEMORALISING IMECTB .

      . Bui the pursuit , I scarcely inow if it can be called a pleasure , which engrosses the most of the thoughts and money of the lower and middle ranks , is the Lotto , a kind of lottery , the tickets for which are sold in all parts of the town , and throughout the kingdoms of the two Sicilies , in shops , where they are disposed of for the Government . To entice adventurers to purchase , the last lucky numbers may be seen stuck up in front of these legalised gambling-houses , ornamented with huge bows cf coloured paper ; whilst others , for the next lottery , are exposedintemptisgorderfor sale .

      The drawings taie place every Saturday , in the huge eld hall of the tribunals , in the ancient palace of the early Neap ^ u ^ liings , called me Ylcaria , m fte neighbourhood of the gate of Capua . This gloomy and enormous building is surrounded by & massive walL and situated in the most ancient part of the dry , amidst narrow streets , from which the lofty houses for ever exclude the light of the sun . In some of these dismal avenues , or rfcofoJ , as they are' called , it is really frightful to glance into the ruinous and desolate courts of the heavy stone buildings , or into the shops , which , like black , dark , and filthy dens , yawn on either side . Without windows , their huge ancient wooden doors stand perpetuaUj open to admit as much of light and air as can find their way into such places . But what an air ! iaden with impurities it fieemsrife withfeverandpestaence'andwheB amidst these sink * of vice , and dirt , and mis * ry , it is almost impossible to believe thatafewpacesbeyend such dark and loathsomeavenues nature extends her treasnrms m variety « f beauty to the sun .

      every On the first floor of thaTicaria is the prison of poor culprits and debtors ; and many a young and savage lwikiiiglaceBJaj be seengaang with envious eyeswpon the busy throngs that are continually crossing the opsn * lace beneath . In honour of the ceremonies of the day , ktheavj awked gateway by which we entered the inn «

      Talt-Tfle Kingdom Of Kaples. Riintrim* E...

      court of . the building was surrounded by a trumpery drapery of white and red calico , bespangled with- bits of gold paper , above which were placed two miserable plaster basts of the Xing and Queen , with half a dozen paltry lamps burning before them . Such a decoration attached to those ancient stern gray walls was not only trumpery , bnt ridiculous , and was mora suited for the ntrance to a puppet-show than to the seat of justice , and one of the most ancient strongholds of the monarchy . In the court-yard were several carriages in waiting ; and , as we mounted a great stone staircase leading to the upper stories ofthe building , crowds of lazzaroni , and men and women of the middle and lower classes , pushed past ns , all huirying in the same direction . There , where kings had trodden in all their feudal pomp , the ragged and half-famished populace were scrambling without order or respect , in search of a paltry gain .

      On entering the great gloomy old hall we saw a raised platform at the further end , on which sat four judges and two priests , in the full costumes of their different professions , to give solemnity to the scene , and an assurance that ail is carried on with the utmost impartiality whilst the minister of the police , in a black silk gown , elevated in s land of pulpit , attached to the centre of the wall on one side , presided over the proceedings of the assembly . A guard of soldiers stood at the foot of the gallery , and the remainder of the hall was crowded to excess . There could net be less than two thousand persons present . Lazzaroni , with their ragged scanty covering ; wretched women , with infants in swaddling clothes , or rolled in dirty shawls , in their arms ; soldiers , workmen , and miserable , haggard , hollow-eyed looking wretches , fallen from a better class ; a few decently , dressed persons , and

      even priests and monks , wer » all crushed together into a dense mass . Except the members of the church , they were evidently all people who had to earn their livelihood ; and yet there , for several hours once a week , they may be seen , not only risking a portion of their hard-earned gains , but wasting their time in idleness and the vicious excitement of gambling . Almost immediately after our entrance a young man advanced to the front of the platform , and , having shaken a kind of box containing the numbers of the lottery , five were successively drawn by a child of the orphan asylum . As each was brought forth before it was seen by the people , it was given to one of the judges , aud from him passed through the hands of all the officiating personages , except those of the minister of police , whose seat is at a considerable distance . They were then registered , and finally a man proclaimed them , in a loud voice , to the anxious assembly .

      The effect was electric on the eager throng . It seemed as if their lives , or the lives of all dear to them , depended on this announcement , such was the clamour with which each successive number was received . Yet even . amidst tliis confusion , could be heard the cries of disappointment and despair , from the ruined , undone , and famished wretches , who are well hnown in many instances to sell the bed and clothes of their wife or children , . to purchase a ticket , and make a last effort to recover their innumerable losses . On our return home , we witnessed with pain the frightful agitation ofthe lower orders , as the news was rapidly spread through the streets . The oifferent lottery offices we passed , were surrounded by crowds of the poorest Of

      the poor ; and many miserable wretches , stunned hy disappointment , stood gazing on a list of the fortunate numbers , as if utterly unable to comprehend that their hopes of the past week were destroyed . Others were eagerly handing them from one to another ; and if W £ had been ignorant of what had taken place , we might hare imagined that some great and dreadful public calamity had occurred , on which the future welfare ofthe city and Its inhabitants depended . 2 for is the agitation and the ruin limited to Naples alone . Throughout the whole kingdom of the Two Sicilies there are government offices for the sale of tickets ; and the numbers drawn at the Vicaria are announced by couriers or telegraphic despatches ! to the furthest corner of the country , within an hour after they are known .

      The degrading influence of this horrible gambling extends its effects over every class , and is in truth more dreadful than a plague , or an earthquake , as it is ever recurring and never ending . The players may risk from two or three half-penpe , to any amount they please , and the winnings when several numbers are taken , may by some extraordinary combination be immense ; but although , as in all games of hazard , this rarely if ever occurs , whilst the losses are great and almost certain , the posaoHity of gain leads on the desperate blindly to destruction .

      This is in truth one ofthe most virulent diseases that eats into the very existence ofthe -people of Naples ; yet such is their attachment to this frightful , this incessant gambling , that it is believed that no grievance could so readily provoke a rebellion , as an abolition of the lotto . Their daily misery is rendered supportable by the hope , that at the end of the week their fortune may be established far ever by some extraordinary prize . Industry becomes paralyzedky a perpetual dependence on hazard ; and their small gains , instead of contributing to the comfort of their families , are again and again wasted in this fatal , this withering pursuit .

      TUB F 3 IE 5 TS—TOE HONKS—POP C £ AS IGXOBANCE AND SOKBSTITIOJJ . Numerous were the anecdotes we-were told of their laxity of morals , and of the petty sins by which hundreds in holy garments are hourly undermining the morals of society . But there is one story of this character current in Naples , of the very blackest die . It regards the abduction of a girl from the Orphan Asylum , or Hospital ofthe Annonciata , by a priest employed in this establish , ment , who , after a severe investigation of the affair , alone escaped the proper punishment of his diabolical crime by the protection and favour of his friends in power . The details of this adventure are too horrible to be inserted here , but they are commonly known iu Naples . They have even been made the subject of a romance ; and

      though the work was immediately suppressed , and the anther thrown into prison , the indignant feelings excited by such conduct are not to b » thus easily obliterated from the public mind . Though it is well known that the Neapolitans are ardently attached to the Roman Catholic religion , and all the bigotted observances and superuti . tions incorporated with the true faith in this southern and benighted region , and lax , or even liberal opinions on such subjects are exceedingly rare , yet the bad conduct of the clergy has taught the people- to divide them from the the religion they profess , and produced , amongst the male population , a very general contempt for their persons , and an impatience ef their enormous extortions and ever increasing power . By a new enactment , though a priest may be tried by the civil tribunals , the sentence passed on him by these courts , whatever it may be , cannot be carried into execution till confirmed by a council of bishops , which amounts almost to the exemption of the

      clergy from the just punishment of crime . } for is the existing government desirous of any reform in the church . Where an authority , like that in Naples , is grounded ou human ignorance , superstition , weakness , and crime , it is not for its interest that the priesthood should be of a character either to enlighten or elevate the moral character of its subjects . Neither is there any hope of the press producing any amelioration . On the return of King Ferdinand from Leybach , so heavy a tax was added to the censorship on books , that their importation from foreign countries was entirely prevented . The booksellers were nearly ruined , and , anxious to relieve themselves from such a burden , represented to the minister , the Marquis of Medici , the injury done to the finances by this interruption of trade , at the same time praying for an abolition of the duty . To this he coolly replied , that it was not his object to benefit the finances , but to ensure the ignwrance of the people .

      We have never been able to obtain any exact account of the number of secular and monastic clergy in the kingdom of Naples - but that the amount of the various members of this body constitutes a very large and ever increasing part of the population there can be no doubt . Several well informed persons hare assured me that it amounts at least to a tenth . Whenweremembir that the means of existence are drawn , in one form or other , by this enormous and idle proportion of the community , from the labouring classes , already burdened with taxes to the amount of sixty per cent ., we can no longer wonder at the misery we have witnessed since our entrance into this oppressed kingdom .

      Though several orders of monks live entirely by begging , the property of the ecclesiastical body is immense . The Jesuits lose no opportunity of adding to their riches ; aud rich legacies from noble devotees are daily falling into their hands , frequently to the utter ruin of the families of the decased . It need scarcely be said , that nearly all the talent and learning of the clergy centre in this order ; and as education is almost universally in their bands , no rising genius escapes their attention ; every youth who , by his abilities , might subsequently prove e > dangerous enemy to their encroachments , or a useful benefactor to his country , is immediately enlisted in their ranks .

      The monks of the other different orders and secular clergy throughout the country are generally taken from so low a class , and their education is such , as scarcely to raise them a step above the half savage populace . It is the duty of their profession to instruct and guide . It is said thatrecently a discipline , more severe than formerly , has been introduced into the church ; the young clergy have been subjected to more strict examinations on taking orders , and the tone of capacity and instruction has slightly risen amongst them during th « last twsnty years . But still this vast body of unmarried men , taken from a corrupt and passionate population , necessarily retain many of the vices and characteristics of the mass

      to which they originally belonged . The p riest is one of the people : he participates in their feelings , their superstitions , and too often in their * crimes ; but should , in some rare instance , his knowledge and his talent rise superior to the ordinary level of his class , should he seek to disabuse his flock of their favourite errors , their suspicions of heresy are immediately awakened , and whispers are rapidly circulated that he is a bad priest- ; that he believes nothing ; that he has dealings with the enemy of mankind , and seeks to draw others along with him into the abyss of destruction . In fact , the utmost caution is necessary in-all dealings with a people so utterly benighted in the gloom of ignorance as the pea gantry of the interior of the kingdom of Naples ,

      Gooro Aheih'.—The Irish Repeal Papers Ar...

      Gooro AHEiH ' . —The Irish Repeal papers are crowing that the St . Leger has been won by an ¦ , I ^ i 8 hh . orse . ,, The prospects of Repeal are brightening !

      The Proposed Opening Of The Ports. J [We...

      THE PROPOSED OPENING OF THE PORTS . J [ We take the following sensible letter from the r » mw of Tuesday , November 4 th : ]— . Sib , —There has been a good deal of very cool talking lately , in which you have had your share , about opening the ports at once for the admission of foreign corn and other produce , with the avowed intention of laying on the Corn Laws again as soon as the scarcity is over . If this advice is nothing more than a . convenient cloak to disguise a secret design of surrendering the Corn Laws altogether , we can only admire the honesty of the advisers , and the profound contempt they must entertain for the understandings of their agricultural readers . The Com Laws oace suspended would stand as little chance nf restoration as

      trial by wager or . examination by . the rack . The little finger of the Minister may throw them over , but I question if the whole aristocracy of England would be able to set them up . The idol once hurled from its pedestal is gone for ever . It is probable enough , however , that the idea is seriously entertained . If so , it is just worth your while considering what such a measure really amounts to . It comes' to this : —Having , by the dispensation of Providence , had it in our power for many years , by our great capital and our great demand for food , to develope the resources of all nations , to encourage their agriculture , and communicate to them our manufactures in return , —having had it in our power to found accumulations of food all ever the werld ,

      and especially in Europe , we resolutely refuse to do so , and leave our fellow-creatures without the inducement , and indeed without the means , of laying by for the future . At length , however , finding * ourselves and all Europe on the eve of a dreadful famine , we suddenly violate the law we had ourselves laid down , in order that we may pounce upon our neighbour ' s scanty store , which is scanty because we have done our best to make it so . Through our fault , it is not enough for them and for us . ' Yet , without the smallest shame or compunction , we are to seize it for ourselves . We say seize , because the very idea of opening the ports implies a belief that by our superior wealth we _ shall have the advantage of the foreign consumer in his own market . He is starving as

      much , or even more than we ; but we with our bags of gold are to come in and take away the corn of his own fields before his eyes . I really do not know any standard of morality , Christian or heathen , national or social , romantic or familiar , by which such a proceeding would . notbe utterly base , shabby , and detestable . The gentleman who should act thus to his neighbour would be scouted at once out of decent society into the purlieus of Capel-court , not to say St . Giles ' s . To play fast and loose , to communicate or not , to regulate our dealings solely for one ' s own momentary convenience , to make rules creating general discomfort , and break them just at the time they happened to be more profitable to others than to ourselves , to

      reduce men to poverty and then skin them alive , deserves only one name , whatever name that may happen to be , which the language supplies for the meanest and most iniquitous conduct . It would , in fact , be a mere attempt at scramble . A violent man , who finds that through his idleness , his stupidity , his perverseness , his unsociableness , er other folly , he is net coming off quite so well as he wishes in the lawful distribution , will sometimes suddenly throw things all of a heap , in order that the right ofthe strongest may then supervene . Now , mere wealth is just as brutish a thing as mere sinew , and the persons who recommend us , in expectatidn of an European famine , to open our ports at once pro Mc vice , wish that wealth to be as brutisbjy

      used . We have established a certain law , which has eventuated in a certain distribution of food throughout the continent of Europe , to which the several continental nations have by our law a certain right and expectancy . That is to say , at this present moment they have a moral claim to corn at 17 s . aquarter , or some such difference , less than the Englishman . But for our law they would have provided for the contingency ; therefore , it is our law which has regulated their present supply . To break that law just now is simply to break faith with the starving population of about half Europe . Be the law good or bad we ought to abide by it , at least throughout any particular disaster it may occasion . When we do resolve to give an English price for

      foreign food we ought to give at least a season ' s notice , in order that some preparation may be made by the rude agriculturists of the continent for the exorbitant demands of the English consumer . I am reasoning as if the scheme would answer as you suppose . It would not answer , —at least , not generally . I cannot suppose that if , as is feared , the harvest is even worse in most parts of the continent than in England , the European Governments will be so unnatural , and so oblivious of our own past policy , as to let the British merchants quietly sweep the shores of the Baltic or the Euxine , while their own people are starving . If the immediate effect of opening the ports be not to raise the price at Dantsic and Odessa exactly that I 5 s . or 17 s . we have removed ,

      undoubtedly the Governments will take care " to lay on just as much as we take off , If we levy a duty on importation when we can do without corn , of course the corn . growing countries will levy a duty on exportation when they cannot do without it . If any money is to be got by the traffic , the nation which has the other at its mercy will of course take care to get it . We may thank our stars if we come off with only a " moderate fixed duty ; " but it is far more likely that if things turn out as ill as is apprehended the continental Governments will entirely prohibit exportation . We have at home a slight indication of what wc may soon expect from all the world . Already there has been a loud cry to prohibit the exportation of food from Ireland . Were we at war with , the rest of Europe , it would

      not only be justifiable but perfectly appropriate to take every advantage we could—to ruin the agriculture of our neighbours , and then , should they , in spite of us , make a little accumulation , to rob them of it the first opportunity . The necessities of war allow a much wider range of conduct than the prosperities of peace . War is destruction . It is warlike to starve , if starvation answers our purpose better than bullets , it is warlike to burn magazines of corn , to blockade cities and harbours , to turn rivers and fill up wells . But we are at peace with our neighbours , and are bound to observe that sublime and simple rule of conduct which nature teaches and revelation confirms between neighbour and neighbour . Let the English reflect how would they endure , with corn at 80 s . a-quarter . to find themselves

      outbid by some wealthier neighbour offering 85 s . An act of indemnity may be easily procured , and certainly would not be denied to a Minister whose sole immediate object was to fill the mouths of a hungry people . It would remain for future consideration whether such an act is in the true spirit of law ; whether it is wise to give a Ministry so great a power of disturbing the operations of trades ; whether it is constitutional to substitute occasional surprises , not to say violences , for regular legislation ; Bf it is necessary toopen the ports now , why not always , when corn is at the present price , or a scarcity is possible ? Why notadmit the faet into your system at once ? We may as well have a dictator , as a man who can raise and lower the price of food by the breath of his mouth . I am , sir , yours , « tc ., Honesty .

      Murder In Ireland. The Tipperary Vindica...

      MURDER IN IRELAND . The Tipperary Vindicator of Saturday last contains the following : — Mobder or Patrick Clarke , Esq . —We regret to learn that Patrick Clarke , Esq ., who had recently come to reside in Tipperary , was shot dead about half-past Wo o ' clock yesterday ( Friday , ) whilst riding about his lands at South-hill , within half a mile of Nenagh . Mr . Clarke held a considerable property at Portariington , and he had a mansion in Mernonsquare also . It is impossible , just now , to assign a

      cause for the perpetration of this deed of blood . The alarm was immediately g | ven , _ and the police from Nenagh and the surrounding districts were quickly on the spot . Whilst we write the utmost activity prevails to discover the perpetrator of the deed . Two balls were driven through the ill-fated gentleman's head , and he expired immediately . We have heard that he had been compelling his tenants to sell corn a few minutes before the murder . Two men were seen crossing the country immediately after the deed , but no clue had been discovered of the perpetrators . "

      Acctdext On The North Of Enoland Railway...

      ACCTDEXT ON THE NORTH OF EnOLAND RAILWAY . — Newcastle , Saturday . — An accident occurred to the mail train this morning , on the Great North of England Railway , which , though of an alarming character , was fortunately unattended with serious results to the passengers . The mail train from the south , due at Darlington at twenty , minutes past seven o'clock , was upwards of an hour and a half behind its time . On arriving at that station the train consisted of the engine and tender , a luggage van , two second-class carriages , two first-class carriages , post-office , and one or two carriages behind that . When between four and five miles north of Darlington , the engine got off the line , and , crossing the upline , went over an embankment between seven and eight feet in height . ¦¦ ¦ The wheels , however , sinking into the soft earth , prevented it from reaching the bottom , and , in the meantime , the eneine man , who

      maintained his position , turned off the steam .- The tender was dragged across the up-line , the rails of which-were displaced , and the two second-class carriageswere thrown together upon their ends , in an upright position , on the line . The coupling chain between them and the rest of the train broke , and the other icamages maintained their proper position , though most of them were thrown off the rail . Fortunately , nonepf the passengers sustained any serious injurywhichisprobably owing to the alow rate at which the tram was travelling , it not being going at more than fifteen ^ milw an hour . The second-class carriages and tender were much broken : a messenger was sent back to Darlington , for assistance , before the amvalof which the express train from Newcastle waa seen approaching , and intimation of danger having been-conveyed by signal , it was stopped before reaching the scene ofthe accident .

      V: Mart Te& Mmswt. ¦ ¦

      v : Mart te & mmswt . ¦ ¦

      ~„ •¦ ¦ ¦ '¦: - ¦ • • ¦ • London. - * ¦ ...

      ~„ •¦¦ '¦ : - • ¦ LONDON . - * ¦ iU m ^^ 'TA densely crowded audience attended Mr . _ Cooper ' s lecture last Sunday night . Mr . nfcu ? o g ^ M the cha - t afte r one of the % ft ? Sl g h d bee 11 s « ng )» expressed the deep gratification he had in knowing that Mr . Cooper after experiencing much suffering and persecution , was begmnmgto see a little of the sunshine of life . He had no doubt the lecturer would have pleasure in explaining what he ( the chairman ) meant . Mr . Cooper immediately informed the meeting that a citizen of London , whose name he was not at liberty to mention , had walked home with Mm from his lecture the preceding Wednesday night , and presented him with a cheque for £ 100 . Thegentleman was an

      entire stranger to him , and informed him tha t he made him the present in consequence of having his sympathiesawakened by reading the " Purgatory of Suicides . " Thiaiiannouncement was received with three thundering founds of applause . The historical subject for . the evening , " The life , reign , and character of Napoleon , " was then commenced . After giving a spirited narrative of the Italian campaign , and . the battles of ; Lodi , Ac , which first raised Buonaparte to high rank , as a general , —the lecturer proceeded to describe the conqueror ' s course in Egypt and Syria , and avowed his disbelief of the story about poisoning the sick at Jaffa . The Consulate , the passage of the Alps , the battle of Marengo , and other striking events of this most remarkable

      man of modern times were , next , rapidly noted ; and his coronation by the Pope , introduced some facetious anecdotes relative to the behaviour of the Parisians towards his Holiness . " The battles of Austerlitz , Jena , Eylau , and Friedland , and a brief recapitulation of Napoleon s Spanish visit ; the battle of Corunna and death of Sir John Moore , with the campaign that closed with the possession of Vienna and battle of Wasram , introduced some interesting observations on the Emperor's repudiation of Josephine , and marriage with Marie Louise , The most exciting and harrowing part of the discourse was , of course , tho description ofthe Russian campaign , and its horrible disasters . The falfof the despot , the siege of Dresden , the defeat at Leipzig , and [ his abdication and retirement to Elba ; wrfch lus return , and the " crowning carnage , Waterloo , ' ! were all pointedlv and forcibly related and depictured . Mr . C . took occasion to

      intersperse remarks on the characters of Napoleon's subordinates iS'the work of conquest—Murat , Ney , Massena , Berthier , Lannes , Soult , Ac , as their names arose in the narrative ; and also on the charactersof his political employes—Talleyrand , Fouchu , and others . Napoleon's enterprises of road-making , canal-digging , bridge-building , & c , and his selection of sagacious spirits in the formation of the celebrated " Code Napoleon , " were duly eulogised . In conclusion , however , Mr . C . disclaimed any spurious pity for the " Exile of St . Helena ; " and avowed his conviction thatthe * ' murderer of a million" deserved no better fate than to be placed apart from future means of a savage , like any other wild beast . A contrast between the characters , of such men as Napoleon , Caesar , and Alexander , and the godlike beings , Socrates , Confucius , and the Carpenter ' s Son of Nazareth , terminated the long lecture in such a mode as to draw forth thrilling and prolonged plaudits .

      Metropolitan District Council . —At the fortnightly meeting , held in the City Chartist Hall , 1 , Turnagain-lane , on Sunday afternoon , Mr . John Mills in the chair , it was unanimously resolved , "That this council hereby call on all Chartist localities throughout the kingdom to take up the ease of Frost , Williams , Jones , and all other patriot exiles , with a view to their immediaterestbration to their native land ; and that petitions be got up and signed individually , collectively , or by the chairman on behalf of public meetings ; and that such petitions be forwarded without delay to T . S . Duncombe , M . F ., 3 , Albany , London , in order that he may present and found a motion on the same at the commencement of the ensuing Parliamentary session . " In addition to _ the council , several members of the Exile Restoration Committee were present , and acted in concert with the council .

      Natiohal Victim Committee . —A meeting of this body was held at the Hall , 1 , Turnagain-lane , on Sunday , November the 2 nd , Mr . Mills in the chair . Mr . T . M . Wheeler , the secretary , on behalf of Mr . O'Connor , presented the balance-sheet of Mr . John Cleave , which leaves a balance in favour of the committee of £ 22 2 s . _ 5 Jd . The balance-sheet as presented , with a trifling exception , was received , and the following resolutions were adopted : — " That the sum of £ 2 be how awarded to Mr . John Richards , late of Stafford gaol ; and that the secretary be hereby authorised to draw the same from the treasurer , and transmit it to Mr . John Richards accordingly ! " ' * That the secretary be requested to inquire into the case of Mr . Tattersal , and report at the next meeting . " "That this meeting stand adjourned until Sunday next , at half-past four o ' clock , "

      Chartist Co-operative Land Society . —West minstbb DisTRicr . —The adjourned meeting resumed its sitting on Sunday evening last , at the Farthenium club rooms , 72 , St . Martin ' s-lane . Mr . Miller was unanimously called to' the chair , when , on the motion of Mr . Ford , the fifth rule , altered as follows , was adopted : — ' * It shall be the duty ofthe Board of Directors to . transact all the monetary and other business of the society ; and when a sufficient sum of money shall be subscribed they shall be empowered to purchase a suitable plot or plots of land , until it amount to 120 acres , wliich shall be divided into CO equal allotments . They shall appropriate to each occupant the sum of £ 15 16 s . 8 d . They shall then apprise the membersof the society , and instructthem

      to select , by lot , occupiers , to whom the several allotments , with the buildings , & o ., shall be let at a rent of £ 5 per annum , on a lease for ever . They shall then effect a sale of the land , buildings , & c , at the rate of twenty years' purchase on the rent paid , and carry the proceeds , after defraying unavoidable expenses , to the credit of the society , to be again employed in the purchase of more Land , the building of more dwellings , the apportioning of more cash , at the rate of £ 15 10 s . 8 d . to each occupant , to be again divided in allotments to the members , and . so on in continuity ; and that a proviso be made to secure to the holders of the several allotments the first right to purchase their holdings ; also . that the persons subscribing to the

      first £ 5 , 000 shall be deemed the first section of the societvV' The following suggestions to Conference wasa ||} adopted : — "That the trustees , treasurers , secretaries , and all other officers , shall be elected by the members by way of ballot . " " That the accounts of the society . be audited quarterly . " "Thatthe first line of rule twelve be omitted , " and the following stand instead of rule the sixteenth : — "That a ballot take place amongst such members who have paid up their shares , on or before the first day of January , 1846 , for priority of location—after which period members shall be located in accordance with the priority of payment , consistently with rule the fifth . " It being now half-past ten o ' clock , the discussion on the remainder of the rules was adjourned until Sunday next , at seven o ' clock precisely .

      Somers TowN . — Qn Sunday evening last ameeting of this locality was held at Mr . Duddndge ' s , 18 , Tonbridge-street , New-road . Mr . Rowland in the chair . The delegates having reported that the District Council had agreed to a resolution , calling on the localities throughout the Kingdom to get up petitions to the House of Commons , for the restoration of Frost , Williams , and Jones , and all other political exiles . Mr . John Arnott moved , seconded by Mr . Thomas Edwards , that we exert ourselves to obtain the . use of the St . Pancras Vestry Rooms , to hold a public meeting for the above object . Carried unanimously . The whole ofthe members present resolvedithemselves into a committee ( with power to add to'their-number ) to carry the same into effect , and having appointed Messrs . Farris and Laurie as a deputation to wait on the vestrymen with a requisition for that purpose , the chairman left the chair .

      CULLOMFTON , DEVON . Lecture on the Land . —On Thursday evening , October 30 th , a public meeting of the inhabitants of the town was holden to hear a lecture from Mr . T . Clark , of the Executive . . Mr . Wm . Poole having been voted to the chair , he briefly introduced Mr . Clark to the meeting , who commenced a very able and eloquent lecture , in the course of which he pointed out the ill . effects to . the labouring community consequent on the Land being holden by so few . He traced the origin of landlordism to the Norman Conquest , when the royal bastard plundered the people of England and parcelled but the land to his followers . He entered into our present overgrown

      manufacturing system audits effects on society Mr . C . then proceeded . to illustrate the capabilities of the soil , read extracts from Mr . O'Connor's work on Small Farms , to c o rroborate his statements , pourtrayed the happy conoition of the Agricultural population , where holding Land on secure tenure . Pointed out the benefits ofthe Chartist Co-operative Land Society , and urged his hearers to come forward for the purpose of carrying out so good and philanthropic a Plan . An unanimous vote of thanks was given to Mr . Clark for his able lecture , and to the chairman for his services , and the meeting dispersed highly pleased with the lecture . Upwards of thirty persons have token shares In the Land Society here , and Mr . Clark ' s lecture will doubtless do much good .

      STOCKPORT . . Mr . J .-R . Cooper , of Manchester , lectured here last Sunday to a numerous and attentive audience on the moral and intellectual advancement of the people . Mr ; J . Bennett , in the chair . Mr , Cooper said , — ' Knowledge was power , and that the work , ing classes were making great progress towards the attainment of that knowledge . Formerly there were no printing machines , and the . people had but few books , wrote with the pen ; : but now they had that bright luminary , the Northern Star , which had been the means of imparting knowledge to thousands . The religious tracts had poisoned the minds of the people by teaching them to be contend with their station . " A vote of thanks was then awarded to Mr , Cooper for his lecture , and the meeting separated .

      ~„ •¦ ¦ ¦ '¦: - ¦ • • ¦ • London. - * ¦ ...

      : ;; : WIGTON . ... Co-operative Land SociKir . ~ On Sunday evening a lecture was delivered here by a friend . We have proposed to , deliver six lectures in the following order : —The first on the " Land , and the Vote every man ' s Right . " Second , "The possession of the Land arid the Vote by every man , would make every man rich . " , Third , " Poverty shall be the lot of all who will not possess themselves of the Land and the Vote . " Fourth , "It is every man's right to possess himself of the Land and the Vote ; " Fifth ,.. « '

      Commerce , with a whole world , without working men possessing themselves of the Land and the Vote , cannot save any country from ruin . " Sixth , " What is the principal cause of the people not possessing the Land and the Vote ? " The first lecture was delivered on Sunday last and told well . We meet every Sunday evening , at six o ' clock , for Land lectures and discussions , and every Thursday evening , at eight o ' clock , for the receipt of Land monies , and performing the Land business . Our meetings are in the Reehabite-rooms , Market-hill .

      MANCHESTER . Mr . Dorman , of Nottingham , delivered two elo-Ju ent and instructive lectures on Sunday last , in the larpenters' Hall , to large and respectable audiences . A vote of thanks was given to Mr . Dorman for his able lectures . SHEFFIELD . The Winow op Booker the Chartist . — At our weekly meeting on Sunday night , Nov . 2 nd , the case of widow Booker was brought before the meeting with a view to see if something could be done to alleviate her sufferings , she being sick and in deep distress . We thought an appeal to our Sheffield friends might be of some service , and it was resolved— " That the collectors be authorised to receive subscriptions on her behalf , in the course of their rounds next Sunday . Nov . 9 th .

      BRIGHTON . A Democratic Supper was held at the Cap of Liberty , Portland-street , on Tuesday evening , to commemorate the birthday of Henry Hunt , and the formation ofthe Chartist Co-operative Land Society ; on which occasion the large room of the above house was well filled with a respectable company , who seemed to highly enjoy themselves by the manner in which they did justice to the viands set before them . After the cloth was cleared , Mr . Mitchell took the chair , and Mr . Lashford the vice-chair ; when the chairman gave " Loud Roar'd the People ' s Thunder" in prime style . After which Mr . Page gave tfce " Marselliese Hymn , " which was followed by several patriotic songs and toasts , till a late hour , when the company separated , highly pleased with the evening ' s entertainment .

      BRISTOL . Public Meeting . —On Monday evening last tho Public Hall ( which had been lent by Mr . Simeon for the occasion ) was well filled , to hear an address from Mr . Thomas Clark , of Stockport , on the propriety of ¦ working men joining the , Chartist Co-operative Land Society . Mr . Cains was unanimously called to the chair ; and , after making a few prefatory observations on the object of the meeting , introduced Mr . Clark , who showed at length how tho purchase and sale of Land might be effected , and the capability of the Land to produce enoughlfor the sustentation of a population ten times as large as the present . At the close of his address a vote of thanks was awarded him . Several rules were disposed of , and some shares taken up . A thriving branch of the Land Society exists here , and will hold its weekly meetings on Tuesday evenings , in the above Hall , Bear-lane .

      PRESTON . At a general meeting of the Preston branch of the Land Society , held on Sunday , November the 2 nd , Mr . James Duckett in the chair , the following resolutions were agreed to : — "Tbat we disapprove of the Manchester resolution . " "That we are of opinion that the Society should , if possible , be enrolled under the Building Societies Acts . " "That members taking two shares should have their four acre allotment on gaining their chance for the first share . " "That the present section of the . Society close for the enrolment of members on the assembling ef Conference , and that another section commence from that period . " "That the Society be divided into districts , and that a district be ballotted for , to take the next purchase , which shall be lotted for by the members , if a sufficient number have paid up their shaves in that district . "

      Crahes? Flftobement*.

      CraHes ? flftobement * .

      To The Jouneymen Bakers Of Great Britain...

      TO THE JOUNEYMEN BAKERS OF GREAT BRITAIN AND IRELAND , FROM THE MEMBERS OF THE OPERATIVE BAKERS ' UNION , ABERDEEN . Fellow Countrymen , —In the earnest desire to promote the welfare of our present position , and to procure for ourselves and fellow-labourers our rights as men and as citizens , we have been led to approve and adopt the plan of organisation proposed at the Convention , held in Glasgow , upon the 29 th of September last . Aware that many of our fellow-brethren have , through misconception , drawn very unwarrantable conclusions respecting the motives and objects of

      those who have joined what . they are pleased to term the "New Move , " we think it a duty which we owe them and to ourselves , frankly and openly to avow our reasons for the cause we have adopted . Without pledging ourselves for the perfection of any system devised by human ingenuity , we beg to submit the following as our reasons for becoming members of the National Association : —1 st . Because it has for its objects the obtaining of our rights . 2 nd . Because it proposes to carry out what every unionist has to some extent been endeavouring to do . 3 rd . Because it would improve our condition , and would qualify us to make the best use of our rights when we obtain them . 4 th . These reasons appear to us sufficient to justify our conduct for the course

      we have taken . Having on former occasions pledged ourselves to use every just and lawful means in our power to obtain our rights , we would have deemed it a violation of that pledge had we neglected this plan of organisation . Claiming and exercising for ourselves the right of individual , judgment , we assert it to . be the best and most efficient plan that has yet been proposed for making our rights a national law . We ground this assertion on the fact that there are yet thousands of our fellow-brethren who are yet ignorant of our objects in yiew . or indifferent to their own interests ; and we think it must now be apparent to all intelligent men , that nothing less than the demand of a majority of the journeymen Bakers of this

      country will ever procure tor us the objects we aim at . We call on every unionist to co-operato with us in our endeavour to elevate the condition of the whiteslaves from their bakehouse bondage , by restricting our labour to ton hours ' , per day instead of eighteen . Should this appeal to our fellow-tradesmen be made in vain , we will nevertheless devote our energies and continue our exertions to the utmost of our ieeble ability in the propagation of the truth , relying on its power for uprooting ignorance , vice , and misery , and establishing in their stead knowledge , virtue and happiness . . . ( Signed ) John Graham , President of the Aberdeen Operatiye Bakers / Union . Aberdeen . October 28 th . 1 QM ,

      United Trades' Association For The Emplo...

      United Trades' Association for the employment of Labour in Aoricultukb and ManufacruRW . —The Board of Directors met at the Trades ' Office , 30 , Hyde-street , Bloomsbury , on Monday , November 3 rd ; T . S . Duncombe , M . P ., in the chair . A letter was read on behalf of the united branches of operative Potters , from Mr . William Evans , applying for one hundred shares of the Trades' Land and Building Association , such shares to be paid for in weekly instalments of 25 s . each . Several Tin-plate Workers waited on the board , and took out a number

      of shares for _ themselves and fellow-workmen . In conjunction with the united trades for the protection of industry , they have entered into an engagement with Mr . David Ross , of Leeds , to lecture on the objects sought to be obtained by the joint associations . Previous to Mr . Ross ' s provincial tour , he will deliver four lectures in the metropolis , at the following times and places : —Tuesday , November 18 th , Literary and Scientific Institution , John-street Tottenham-court-road ; ' Wednesday , November 19 th , South London Chartist Hall , 115 , Blackfriars-road ; the National Hall , High Holborn , on Thursday , November 19 th ; and on Friday , November 21 st , Hall of Science , 81 , Whitechapel . . To commence each evening at eight o ' clock precisely ..

      Extraordinary Case Of Suicicb. — Hadleig...

      Extraordinary Case of Suicicb . — Hadleigh , Nov . 1 . —A deliberate and frightful act of suicide was committed in this town on Thursday last , under very peculiar circumstances . The individual , John Jaynes , was proprietor of a boarding school of the first repute , and until within the last week he was highly respected for learning and moral character . However , in the course of the last week two « f the pupils , sons of Mr . J . Growse , surgeon , made such representations to their parent as induced tbat f entleman to prefer a charge against Jaynes of a orrible character , in consequence of which a warrant was issued for his apprehension . The officer took him into custody on Tuesday , but he was allowed to remain at his own house until the charge should be investigated before the magistrates—the

      wretched man declaring that it was a conspiracy got up against him . Though closely watched , and deprived , as it was supposed , of every offensive weapon , he by some means possessed himself of a pistol , with which he shot himself through the head , at an early hour on Thursday morning . The ball had lodged m the head , and death was-instantaneous . The distress of his bereaved wife , who believed him to be incapable of the offence laid to his charge , admits of no description . She is said to be ah amiable and accomplished lady , and is most respectably connected in . Gloucestershire , where Jaynes formerly resided . Information of the tragical occurrence was immediately forwarded to Mr . H . Wayman , the coroner , before whom a jury was yesterday empannelledat the Swan Inn . After a long examination of witnesses , the jury , after a short consultation , returned a verdict of " Itlo-de-se . "

      Teerai Intelifeim^ A,

      teerai Intelifeim ^ a ,

      Death From Htorophobia If* Leebs.—Dunng....

      Death from HTOROPHOBiA if * Leebs . —Dunng . the- , pastweek , aman of the name of Thomas Renshaw ,.,.. who resided in Imperial-street , Leylands . ' and was ; em .-, ployed as a barrel washer to' Messrs . -Singletoja * T '" brewery , has died under circumstances whicn leave , ! little doubt thathe has fallen a victim'to hydrophobia . ; ''' The deceased was bit in the thumb by a liitle ' fancy . ' dog , which he kept , in July last . 'He-was forty-six " years of age , and has left a wife and three-children . "" Leeds . —Municipal Elections ';—The municipal elections took place on Saturday last , but thever . 'da , ; any occasion excited less interest . A " stranger com-: ' ,. ' , J ing into the town would not havediscovered , that the , ' . elections were taking place . The Whigs hare gained . " .. tWO . ¦ -.. ¦ ¦¦ ' •¦ ¦ ' - ^ ¦ -- ' , The Edinrurgh Tows Council have voted the ; - ' . - ¦ freedom of the city to Lord John Russell . ' .,. : ; -:- „ ¦¦

      Be ye Fishers o p Women ! --There are . 620 , 000 . ' / : j girls at this moment receiving their education fit ^ French convents . . ' . .... ; . :., .. ;; . ; e ; The Corn Dealers of Liverpool ' are actually ^ exporting the corn in bond to Russia . ; Thia foot- ' speaks volumes . ¦ ,.- ¦ . -.. ¦ , . ¦ <• Female Teachers . —A class for training female- ; teachers is about to be established by the directorsof the Manchester Mechanics' Institution . Leeds Post-Office . —During the present year , no- " . fewer than eleven millions of letters passed through . the Leeds post-office . Winter Assize . — There will , it is understood , be . a Winter Assizes held in the month of December next , in the same places as last year . ., . .., , \ A Saint Caught . —We have been informed that Sir Andrew Agnew was detected by a gentleman , » . ¦ ¦? short time since , travelling in a railway train on the Sabbath-day ! The saint was sadly out of countenance when discovered .

      A Consummation devoutly to-be wished bt all hot . Umbrella Makers . —Some enemies of th & umbrella are seriously entertaining the idea of forming a company to erect light transparent verandahs from the houses , across the footpaths , so that even on the wettest day the metropolis can be traversed from one end to the other without an umbrella . Irish Northern Provincial College . —We are enabled to state , on unquestionable authority , that the Government Commissioners have reported in favour of Belfast , as the site of the new northerncollege . —Northern-Whig . ; Railroads and Turnpikes . —Notwithstanding the : railroad mania and building , turnpikes continue to bring their prices . The Alontrose turnpike , for instaiice , was last week put up for letting , and brought an advance of £ 100 beyond what its tolls let for last year .

      A Great Bore . —Among the new projects on the tapis in Scotland 13 the plan of making a tunnel under the Clyde . The proposal has met with much favour , Douglas Jerrold , Esq ., was to have presided at the annual soiree of the Sheffield Mechanics' Institute , holden last week , but was prevented attending by an . attack of influenza which for some days confined him to his bed . Love and Crime . —A few nights ago , a farming man , at Vry , in the Moselle , entered his master ' s room , and murdered him with the colter ot a plough , and then , going to the chamber of the farmer ' s daughter , fired a pistol at her , but missed his aim . He immediately wentout into an adjoining wood , and there hung himself . Rejected love is said to have been the cause of these crimes .

      Wheat . —In March last , a blade of wheat sprung , up in the garden of a poor man , at Shipbourne . It was cultivated and produced 40 ears of corn , having . 2 , 013 grains . Another blade of wheat , of a different description , also sprang up in the same garden , which produced 2 ft ears of corn , containing 1 , 392 grains . Spanish Economy :. —The oil lamps at the palace of of Madrid have been substituted for the new gas ones lately put up , and the gasometer is to be pulled down . Thus cleanliness and splendour of light are sacrificed to make a yearly saving of about £ 60 , while peculation and extravagance run riot in every branch ofthe public service .

      Wholesale Bank Note Forgbby . —A regular establishment for the fabrication of spurious bank notes has just been discovered in one ' of the suburbs of Vienna . The principal delinquent is aged 1 i years and , up to the time of discovery , lived in first rate style . Caution to News Agents . —It is the opinion of the solictor-general and Mr . Peacock , that a London news agent is liable to a penalty of twenty pounds for sending any supplement to a newspaper to the country news agent without sending the newspaper with it ; and that the country agent is also liable to a penalty of twenty pounds for every supplement which he may sell or deliver , and without at the same time delivering out the newspaper to which the supplement belongs .

      Recruiting at a Discount . —The Times states that a difficulty is experienced at the present time in procuring a sufficient number of recruits for the Royal Artillery , and that the regiment is greatly short of the required strength . — " An officer of the corps has been in Scotland since the early part of August for the purpose of recruiting , and he has not succeeded in . obtaining a single recruit . " The Quebec Subscriptions . —The Canada papers state that the subscriptions and contributions in alk parts of the world for the relief of the - sufferers by the two late destructive fires in'Quehec , received upto the 26 th of September , amounted to the sura of £ 02 , 130 18 s . 5 d ., independently of a grant expected from the provisional treasury of £ 20 , 000 . Of this large amount , only £ VOo came from the - United States .

      Old Clo ' . —There died lately , at Kendal , a penuricus bachelor , named John Stalker , a labourer in a coal yard , who left behind him twenty-eight complete suits of , clothes , most of which he had never worn ; fifteen new hats ; fifteen new shirts that had not Once been in water ; as much cloth as would make eleven others ; handkerchiefs without number ; nineteen tea cannisters ; fifteen pint cans ; and a collection of pots and pans which would set up a vendor , besides a considerable sum of money which lie never had the heart to expend on himself . Mob Law in America . —A portion ofthe citizens of Lexington have formed themselves into a band

      termed "The Regulators , " painted and disguised as Indians , and threaten to drive every free black from the city and country . Their first depredation was committed on the night of the 19 th Sept ., when they took a black preacher , stripped and whipped him , and afterwards gave him a coat of tar and feathers . Every man feels it necessaiy to go armed in selfdefence , and an obnoxious word or sentiment exposes one to the fury of the populace . Thorwakdsen's Statue of Btron , after being , like its original , so long homeless , has arrived at Cambridge , and taken up , it may be presumed , its final abode , amid the scenes of his earlier , and some of his happiest , days .

      . ¦ A Newspaper m St . Helena . —A newspaper was published for the first time at St . Helena in June last . Encroachments or the Russians . —Intelligence from Asia informs us ( says the Constitutionnd ) that the Russians have just established themselves at Esterabad , an important port of Persia in the Caspian Sea . The Magnetic Teikgraph between New York and Philadelphia will be completed on the 10 th of November , and that between' Philadelphia and Baltimore on the 1 st of December , making an uninterrupted line between New York and Washington . The wires are conveyed under the waters of the Delaware and the North Rivers . Lowell Cotton Trade . —The number of persone employed in the cotton mills at Lowell is 9 , 236 .

      Population of New York . —The census of the city ot New York , just taken , places the number of inhabi tants at 366 , 000 . German Emigrants . —Two hundred and eight German colonists- arrived at Rio on the 26 th August , in the English baroue George / The Brazilian Government is making great efforts to attract thisuseful class of emigrantsjo that country . Wolves in France , —Great numbers of" wolves have lately made their appearance in the neighbourhood of Dieppe , and done great mischief amongst the sheep and cattle . Those rapacious animals were previously quite unknown in that district . A Grand Scheme is talked of in Holland , being no less than the draining up ofthe Zuyder Zee , the whole of which was dry land a few centuries ago .

      The Last op the " Monsters ;"—The CorJfc if « - porter gives a lengthened report of the dinner to-Mr . W . . Smith O'Brien , M . P ., at Limerick i oft Wednesday last , and states it to be the " last monster demonstration of 1845 . " " . ""• Romantic Siorx . —The Birmingham Journal states that a young American planter , named Da Costa , of good family and immense fortune , recently eameover to England in search of a wife , " and visited some ofthe most fashionable cities , spending his money like a prince , without meeting , the object of his search . _ Atlast , whilst standing at the door of his inn in Birmingham , he saw and deeply admired a Miss Rimraer . of Aleester . who was on a visit in the

      town , followed her , obtained the consent of her parents to pay his addresses to her , won her affections by the ardency and sincerity of his suit , and married her on Sunday weekj-at Aleester church .. The bride ' s eldest brother has set out with the newly married pair for America . , ?• Bread SiuFFs . —We regret to seethat this odious ? American term -is finding - its way . into our agricultural reports , and instead of speaking of grain of which so much of the public rood is derived , wean ; told continually in the English , as well as inthft Irish and Scotch papers , of '' the material rise which has already taken place in the value of bread rtufa , " instead of in the value of . b read , or inthe valueof grain , —Letdt Mtreury . ~~—— ag ^ " ^ I

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), Nov. 8, 1845, page 7, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns2_08111845/page/7/