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Northern Star (1837-1852), 10th August 1850, Edition 2 of 3, Page 7, (CAPCAPABIIilTlfiS f 0F TWO ACRES AND. -...

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      Capcapabiiiltlfis F 0f Two -.- Ap0t,St ....

      AP 0 T , ST 10 ' t 85 ° - THE NORTHER N STAR 1 t ¦ " ^***^•^ mam — i

      (Capcapabiiiltlfis F 0f Two Acres And. -...

      ( CAPCAPABIIilTlfiS 0 F TWO ACRES AND . - ¦;¦? , v .. -- ? , v .. :-9 'i- " ' 5 * c- v / :--i- '> a Aiiin . > .:, ;; iJ ' , ..,.. . JTAJ ' ' : - (|?^; i ^ V'jH ^^ ^ bafi ^ - j wV We ^ - ' ^^^^ ll ^ t ^ P ^^^ ' ^ -, ^^ < ders ders to thaMowingletter " addressed | to the masl master of the Gailtcross Workhouse by Miss Mar | iartiHeau . VIt descril ) e 3 the result of a . plan of c « f cultivation '"' and ciowkeepingoriginally rag- ' eest cested to tier by . lurniibs . meMis ipf-which / sbe las las oeen cableditoinaintain two . cows , on aboi abontt ffo acres and » quarter of land . The acoon ! count g iven hy this accomplished lady jof the net ticiiess ofndr ^ B ^ mi ' wTl ^ ' ^ e' ^ sMei ^ be ' ran read with great interest : — ' .. .- ' . ' -.- . . « -. t > » ttTT'TTraa ^ ni ? TWA A rtWUCS A xrrk

      Amblbside , Jan . 25 , 1850 , « « My dear Sir—I am happy to furnish the account totj you wish Mr . Bowyer to have of my small attempt at I at farming . I should have desired to defer ! it for a yei year or two , if it harjbeen Mr . Bowyeft object or oil mine to ascer tain what is the pecuniary proSt or jos loss of cow-keeping on ; my plan , for this , plan has he fceeu in full operation little more than half ; a jeaif . Bt But , as I understand , Mr . Bowyer ' s object is to see h ( how a certain amount of labour , waiting for , empi nloyment , can he best made available } and , joa my pi part , my scheme is owing to ' tbe pecuharity of the di district in which I Uye , what ; I want to gain is ni not pecuniary profit , hut comfort ,. whitest the same ti < ime I cannot afford to lose liymy experiment .

      , T There are months of-the year .- ( and . exactly the u months when my friends come to see me ;; when I < cannot be sure of beingable to buy enough of meat , e rnilk and cream , and vegetables for my table ; and 1 tbe vegetables , and milk and cream , can rarely be I tad good at any season of the year . IfJwithont ] loss , lean provide myself , with hathai and bacon , i fowls and eggs , vegetables ( except winter potatoes , ) 1 butter and cream , I shall be amply satisfied , as far as c ousideratioris of the purse go . A much higher consideration is , that if lean make my plan succeed , it provides for the maintenance of twb honest people , who mig ht otherwise have had no prospect feat ofthe workhouseia their old age , and in . all seasons of pressure meanwhile ,.

      : My land amounts ia tbe whole to less than two acres and a quarter ; and , of this , part ia mere rock , and a good deal is occupied by the bouse and ternee , the drive , and some planted portions . ' A year and 4 half ago , a h ' ttle mo" than an * acre of it , in grass , was let for £ 4 10 s . a year ; to a ' tenant who kept a cow upon it . This tenant never took the sh ' ghtest care ofthe pasture , and it became so lumpy and foul as to be an eyessre from the house . I paid more than six guineas a . year to an occasional ..

      gardener , who could not even keep things neat in the time - he gave to U » much less render my ground productive . If I wanted a ham ; I had-sometimes to pay £ 1 for it , and for eggs 1 paid during -three months . of the . year a . Id . a piece . - ' I never saw cream wor thy of the name ; and bad to get butter fr om a distance . In the midst of this state of things , U occurred to me that , it ; . might be worth tryinj whether my . land would not produce . ' such comfort as I wanted , ' without increased expense . V

      Having satisfied myself tbatit was worth , a trials 1 wrote to yon to inquire whether your union would despatch hither a labourer whom you could recommend . Besides that we are underhanded in this district , I knew that ray neighbours would laugh at me for proposing to keep a cow and pig on my own land , when the rule of the . district is , that it takes three acres to keep a cow , and when it is the custom for one man to undertake the charge of as many acres of land as yon please , and my neighbours . did laugh for a time . They said that I was paying at the rate of sixpence a quart for . milk ; they asked bow I could possibly find employment for a man oh

      two acres of ground ; they charged me first with cruelty to my cows , in not letting them rauge on the fell ; and then of fatting them . Some , however , saw the importance of the experiment in the way of example ; arid have encouraged me tbrongnonr , 1 do . not yet affinn that tbe experiment will answer , but I believe that it will ; and I am sure that the comfort of my little household is prodigiously increased by it . I do not forget how our success mainly depends on the choice yon made of a farm , servant for me . Heis a man of extraordinary industry and cleverness , as well as rigid honesty . His- ambition is roused j for he knows that the success '©! the experiment mainly depends on himself . Heis living in comfort , -and laying by a little money , and he looks so' happy

      that it would truly grieve me to have . to , give up ; thoug h I have no doubt that he would immediately find work at good wages in the neighbourhood . His wife and he had saved enough to pay their Journey thither out of Norfolk . I give him twelve shillings a-week all the year round . His wife earns something by occasionally helping in the house , by assisting in my washing , and by taking in washing when she can get it . I allow her the use of my wasbhouse , copper , & c , on condition that the copy per is kept clean for the boiling of the COW-fOod in winter . 1 built them an excellent cottage ofthe stone of the district , for which they pay one shilling and sixpence per week ..-Tbey know that they could hot get such another off the premises fori five pounds a year .... .. / . . : :

      Besides the cottage and wash-boose , I bad to bnild a cowhouse , pig-honse ( for it is not a stye , ) -i poultry-yard , and hay-house . I consider these under the head of investment , not expenditure . I could let them , with the land , at any time , if I chose - to give np cow-keeping . : ¦ ' In planning the turning ' np of my ground tor spade cultivation , I went on the supposition of keeping only one cow ; . and for seven months we kept only one .. But I considered the . inconvenience of

      the cow . being dry , for three months , put ofthe -twelve ; and that there was room in the stable fora second , and little more trouble in keeping twothan one ? and a prety certain market among- iny neigh-, hours for whatever butter arid rnilk'I might have to sell . So I bought a' spring calver' as companion to the * autumn carver / and we 'find that ; ' we very nearly maintain them both on little more than threequar ters of an acre of grass , and . less than - half an acre of garden . Thesecond cow " pays herway by her . maBttre and milk / 1 .

      Ou first consideration was ; the manure . It is . as tree with ; rdat : on to , our small concerns as toa greater , that 'the- more manure , the more green crops ; the more green crops , the more > stock ; the more stock , the ' more manure . * - ; There are two tanks ; well flagged arid cemented , well closed , so that not a dropcari ooze out . ' One is connected with the house , and the jother with the cottage and cow-house , receiving all their drainage of every kind . A barrel on wheels stands at the back door , to receive all the slops , soapsuds , . cabbage water , & ci , and this liquid manure is wheeled away , ' . and applied where it is wanted . . There is a compost pit at the back of the kitchen-garden ; and a compost heap . behind some yonrig trees at the bottom of the' field !

      What Witt the clipping :, , and wedgings , and sweepings , and nothing ' beingiwastedj tbepU ^ being kept clean , and tbe . cow-honse swept out twice a day , we : have abundance of manure ( without . buying any whatever , ) which accounts for the abundance of onr trips thus far . - One instance of my servant ' s pas- ' sion'for economy amused me so much that it . seems woith fsVinijdpi . Early we' morning , returning from my walk , I looked ln ; up 6 n my pig ] ijnst Vfheri his breakfast was apprbaqbing in auoitetdhection . I said to Robert , * 1 think piggy looks Tery well j only , tbat-he wants / a washiDg . '; 'lea / ma ' am , ? said Eober t , * that will , be to-morrow , i To-morrow ; is washing day , and the suds will wash : the pig first / arid then be as good , and better ; for manure ; and then the soap servesthree times over . "; ; . " . '; ..

      : Our available gr 6 undis-H ) f pasture , three roods twenty-three perches ; ahd of tilled ground , one . rood fifteen perches . There are besides about twenty-six perches of grass in the little plantation , orchard , and slope , which yield some fresh grass when mowed in summer . I shall turn np a little . more ground this apring in order to provide completely for the mareteaanceoftwo cows / though I cannot encroach much more on the grass , on account of the views from the windows . But for this , We should give bur cows bo- gtass orhayrwhich are the most expensive kinds of food . Our soilis good ; neither rich

      yery nor very light ; laying af various depths upon limeatone .. Muchof our newly-dug portion was fall of atones . Onr neighbours advUed ns . to cover them up again , hut we judge differently , i thought we might as well make drains of the new paitways we tnnsthave ; so , by deep digging , we obtained drains , and the large stones were thus disposed of Some more were carted out . to mend the roads , sad when myservant . was in despair at therebein g yet . more , it occiined to hun to dig out good earth from corners of the plantation , and suppiv its place with stones . He actoafly dog pits breast deep forthis

      parpose . His digging for crops was not less than two spits deep , dog straight down , and the whole was richly manured . - The ground being ready ,, our inetaodtstlua , In August we sow cabbage seed , and by the end

      (Capcapabiiiltlfis F 0f Two Acres And. -...

      ISStgSgTSSv" - * •"'* niS 5 SS ~^^ T ^ ^«^ SSiJ ? 8 . ecure a sueggffssn SSS'SW , *>? W ! l » , of 4 sibba « i . iBythe turwps andbeets ara . past . the dauer ot the flv i « ttng > inair and sunshine ; ,, We , also keep a boirfcon of ground tot Bel ^ (^ abrwWrh . ikr / pr . f 0 ' ¦ o-- ' —« « - - ^ """

      S 2 ^ ^^ ¦ ••**« a « l less with these WnPf ^ 'SS . ^ B « ^> P » . from their ; not IS TS ** tWn . Bht 4 had t ^ nty-five « onej ) f them and four or five cartobj pet day were wry acceptabte to the cows : By the end of March -the cows can get a bite in the pasture , and the mowings of ; the grass in the orchard , & c , are brought to them fresh . Wbilethe pasture is shut up ; for hay * the cabbages , begin to ripenj They , weigh froni 41 bs . to I 21 bs ., and each cow eats about W ? wPW ^ yAl- Thk iatheirfbbdfrom June to November , with such grazing as ihey get after our jay-making , and , i hihuful or . . Iwo per day of ludun meal scalded and

      , given with , their grass . The putare having been well manured in the winter and wonderfoUy retrieved by good carb , yielded more than a ton and a half of the finest bay . This year , I think , ! shall try for a second crop , as we have abundance of manure . But last year I had half . the pasture hurdled off / arid the cows let out for some time every fine day to graze , the one nan for one fortnight , and the other the next . Bv the time the grass and the cabbages were done , we had laid m less than we hope toproduce this year , OM afaur amount of crops . For the cows one and / a half ton of hay , twenty-five-stone ot Belgian carrots , arid at least tdn hundred weight of swedes and beet . ¦¦ ¦ ¦ ¦¦¦ ¦<

      v ^ : ^ iP ? '' too /*« fihdfour '' gTOutd 'f 6 r housel hod vegetables , having had a surplus after , the following supply : —Fine , green peas—from the I 2 th of June till the middle of September—peas , lettuces , radishes ; spinach , turnips and : carrots ,, and' onions ; enough for the whole winter—five or- aix-storie oi early potatoes ; Vegetable iriarrow , a few cucumbers , abundance of cauliflowers , ! brocoli , and cabbages arid plenty of rhubarb' andgboseberries ; A strawberiy . bM , is Iaidqut , too , andwe are to have plenty of apples , arid pears , and cherries ,, audi damsons , hereafter . We used ' ehough . ' green vegetables for . a family of five persona for the whole summer and autumn . ' ; : :, ; . ?> - - ;' ..- ., . ,, ' ¦ . '

      , The average , yield of the cowsis about ten quarts per'day each ' , i . e . ; about four pounds ! of batter per wee £ The skimmed milk is eagerly bought / being as good as I used to buy for new milk . ' .: Tbe buttermifij : improves onr bread and cakes very much ,. and the pigs ; have . what we do npthse . The ^ owsgive sixteen quarts per day for some time after calving , and are dry for about three months , before . One cow calved in October , and we sold tbe calf ( a cowcalO , foraguin _ eaat . theend of a fortnight . The saine cow is to calve again in September , and the other in May , and thus a continued supply of . rnilh is provided for . ' . ^ We kill two ' pijisirila year , and

      selling half each time get our hams and as much bacon as we want for . little or nothing . What we have to bny is three barrels of Indian meal in a year ( atan average of 16 s . each , ) some of which we use ourselves for puddings and cakes , and which goes far towards ; 'fee 31 ng ihe ' fowls ; a few trusses , of wheat-straw ; , after , harvest ( when , it is . cheapest ) to chop and , ' mix with' the cows '; boiled torni p ^ fobd in winter , a ifew pennyworths , or grains per week and two or ,, tbree ' . loads . of . tarnipis after , mtdsummer , and perhaps a little ( but a very little ) hay : As I consider that the . cows , maintain the man , this expenditure is all . that I have

      ? o , make in return for our large supply of vegetables , p ^ rk , bacon , and hams , eggs ; -and a'few fowls , onr gardening , and the keeping of the whole ground . in high order , aud , moreover ; ' through the goodnature of my excellent servant , our windowcleaning and coal-shifting . It may not be OUtof place here to mention his other proofs of zeal and kindness . His sister is my maid , and she has care of the plate . 'Inthe short days , or in excessively bad weather , he comes up and ; offers to clean . the plate , which is in consequence batter kept ; than it ever was . before . . , Again , the ' tenantVof the ! next field besought him to take possession of the . fence ( by permission of the owner , ) , as it was a great expense aud trouble to him . 1 long refused , though

      the edge was very ugly , with eight hedious pollards and eternal rows of wet linen hung on from , the other , aide .. At , last my servant begged me to'take tbe edge , saying that ; he would gtub and fell the whole , and that , if the ; wood ' did . notpiy me . for a newfence , the gain in land vVquid .,: " ! put up a cross note fence , which ia highly ornamental 7 My neigh- ; hour and 1 gain . each ten square yards of ground , I am safe from sheep and trespassers , and ! have wood enough for about two " years ' : consumption , besides pea-sticks and poles" as ' many as we want . Tbe new fehci " co 8 t i 9 an . d ' a few shilHngSi The purpose of setting forth this man ' s merit . is ^ to be fair ; for , I am aware how eBsentiaBy the . succeBS of my experi-, ment depends on the quality of the servant who has to work it out . ' ..- , . / a ;';

      The cow-house is , as I said , swept out ( into the entrance of the tank ) twice a day ; and it is whitewashed twiceayear . The cows are ' rubbed down daily , asd kept almost as sleek as horses . Both are now . in inuch finer condition than when they carae ; they wererather restless for a few weeks , . after first coming , ; from the fell ; hut . they ' seem now perfectly happy , and when out in the field ,. they return to the stable-of their-own accord . to avoidTaingj heat ; . or flies : - Their ' food in winter is ' eacb astone of turnips three tiroes a , day ; the turnips ; being ' shred , and boiled with chopped wheat straw ,, a little hay , a handful of salt , and a'donblehandfcI of . Indian meal , or somewhat * nore of hran .. Tfieymay ha . ve , besides , to amuse themselves with , ; a few ' . raw tutaips , and two ; or three handfals of hay 7 per , day . ,, ... . -,

      i- I ' think I have . now given yon as particular ' ah , account , as you could desire . If , however , Ihave omitted anything that you want to know , pray question me'freely . '• ; . 'rami . dearsir ^ yon rs truly ,. ; [ . '' . " ^ ' ' - '' ' ' ''' '¦ ' '' Harriet Martinea . u . . ' [

      ,'-...A :¦ . -. . ..... ¦ .,.- ¦ ", . • ...

      , ' -... a : ¦ . -. . ..... ¦ .,.- ¦ " , . r -r .- ;* :- ' . > r .., l : - ' ¦ ' . " . ' > Ascxxvisa A ToLCiso . —According to Humboldt ' the volcanic mountain ofPopocateptl had never at . the period of his visit to Mexico been ascended since the time of Cortez , ; We have been favoured with ' an extract of a- letterfrom Mexico , dated June lOth , . 1850 , which announces that this feat has now , been acMmplishetf , ' Tho-naines ' -ofithe' parties making the assent have bef 6 conimuhieated to us ; arid' it is ; possible that the public will : hereafter hear more of thematter . The extract is as follows :- | - 'f Three English gentlemeh'have iust returned from a trip to the crater of-Pppocateptl ; of whichnrie bif . them sendsmeaninteresifng account . ; , iaid not ' . iriow of their intention until too late , orAi- would have

      been' an '; excellent opportunity tbihate tried the Aneroid at a greatelevation . ¦< , They were fiYebours ascending , and only one hour and a quarter returning ; having remained only fourhours and a half on the summit , : where they found nio . * diflSculiy ''in breathing ; smoking , or drinking , ; or . 'even ^ . walking fast'on- the level ' edge ^ of' the ¦ crater . - ; 3 riie ;"' crater wasa grand sight ; lfto a very deep ibamnc ' ai'witb sides nearly perpendicular , about . l . OOO feet'deep and alea _ gue in circumference . rrAt tho bottom ' was a pond 1 of sulphur ; which wa »; bnbblinjr-awi ^; in ( iBrje style ; of : a bright yellbw .. coldur , '¦ ¦ and ehiittiflg : a great volume of smoke , the . greater part ; of which was condensed in the crater hefore * eaebirig"its top . At the crater the barometen stood at 16-015 ibches ,

      Centigrade tnerinomefer , 2 deg ., ; , water boiled , at 18 i deg . 'Fahr . V- ^ -correspbnding to about 17 , 000 feet ofaltitode . " ^ -Daily News . ; .: ; :. U ' .-. . •¦ : / ; . ; , " '' fiJSilTUXlbH OF- ' TBXi . 'B BTi 6 . ' Ci , GOBEiM . —At the termination of the ordinary business inthe Prerogative Court on Tuesday , the Rev . G .. C . Gorharii wasintrodacgd'to Sir H . J . . Fast .-.-.-Having- signed tbe articles and taken the customary oaths , Sir H . 3 . Fast addressed Mr . . Gorham to' the 'following effect : — " We , Sir Heihert' Jenner Frist , Knight , Doctor of- Laws , - and Official > . Principal of tiie Arches' Court of Canterbury ^ lawfully constituted , do , by virtue ofthe authority to . us committed , admit you , ( he Rev . George Cornelius Gorham , clerk ,

      B . ' D ., ' to the ' vicarage of Bampford-Speke , in the county of Devon , diocese of Exeter , and province of Canterbury ; we dogiveyou ; true ,. Iawful , i canon , ical institution , and do invest you with all the rights and appurtenances thereunto belonging , and do commit to you the care of the souls of the Earishioners of the said parish . "—Mr . Gorham then owed to the learned judge and retire , accompanied by his proctor , Mr . Bowdler , iThe proceidin ^ was quite-unexpected , and . when'Mr , Gorham was in > tToduced ' veryfew persons were present ; biitiinformation of the fact spread with great rapidity , . and a large nuinber of the practitioners at Doctor ' s Commons entered the court' before the completion of the institution : ; . -

      Disiubbancbs AT St . Lccu . —On the 1 st of July there had been some - disturbances at St Lucia , caused , it is said , by i arrivals from Martinique of persons who incited tho lower orders to call ? for the establishment of a republic , and to declare the uland independent . ' The Governor had taken decisive steps , arrested twelve of the more promi . nent disturbers , - and quelled the emeuu , and every" 2 * 8 was reported quiet when the Prmcea Soyal left Baroadoeg , . j ¦ , - > \ : : .- *

      The Pruning Knife .I, T F W,Qrk. *»—-..J...

      THE PRUNING KNIFE . i , T W , QRK . *»— -.. j __ aSMMMMA ^' - ' * - *• V * - * V . * . A- " , A , •^" . ' ^ fflMy & s ^^ sWe $ 6 \ i & C 6 ^ moiis appointed fe ' iaqulre int 6 ' the ' , f 4 JaWe 8 ' and emoluments of oflices . held dunnjg tn ' e ' p lea ^ sure ofthe Crown b y ^ memhersof ^ ithertHousjb of ParUanientj' Toted-m the annual estimates ; and also into the Salaries and emoluments ' of judicial offices ; in the ; s ' uperiof " courts jof law * andequityin theUnited Kingdom ' ; ' and intd

      the retiring pensions allotted ' to ,, the ; judges ; and also into the expense of . dipiomaticesta' ; blishments charged on ' thoHi Consolidated Ednd , „ ha ; ye ; cbhsidered the' matters referred to them , aiid agreed , to ^^ thefplloiving ilepo ^ t :- ^ - In fulfilling the important duty entrusted to them , your committee , in the first instance , direct ed their attention to the salaries attached ,. tb-these , offices held during the pleasure of the prow ri „ . wbioh are usually filled by members of either , House of Parliament , and are voted inthe annunl estimates . ¦

      " Tour cominiitee first selected , those offices which , from the nature : of the duties , . attached tb . them , have always been considered of the greatestimportance in a government , namely , those of Fii'st Lord of the Treasury , the , Chancellor of the . Exchequer , the three ; Secretaries of State / and . tho First LOrd Ofthe Adiniralty ... For . these offices . at is requisite to secure the services of men . who . combine the highest talentsi with . the greatest experience in public affairs ; and considering the rank and importance of the offices , and , the labours and responsibilities incurred by ; those who hold them , your committee are of opinion ,, that the salaries of these offices were settled in 1831 at the lowest amount which is Consistent with the , requirements of'the ; public service . :. ' .,. . -..- .,. ' ,. ''' ' ., ;

      , The TRKASuar . f—Your , committee believe , that for the offices of Junior Lords of thb Treasury a salary of £ 1 , 000 is adequate ; arid although ; they ap- ; preciate the : ' mbre laborious ^ duties of the , ; secretaries to the Treasury , ' they are-Of opinion that a salary of £ 2 , 000 per annum ' should ; be substituted for that ati presentattaohed to those offices ! . ' ,- ' . ' , TJroBB'SBCEBrABiBs or' SiiM . —It ^ appears that the committee in 1830-31 reduced the ' salaries of the three Under-Secretaries of State from- £ 2 , 000 'to £ 1 , 500 ; ahd'iobking to the nature of their , duties , your committee do not propose any ifurther' alteration ^ ; " ' •'•'¦• ¦ ¦ ' ' . ¦ ¦ ' ¦ - ¦ '• 'i . ' ; '> •!¦';¦; : : ¦ ¦ > .. ¦ :: \ ;' .. ' ' ]

      Pbesidbni of the CouKcrx , ;—The duties of-this office . have been materially , increased since the period when it last came under-the consideration of a committee of this housel A committee of the Privy ' 'Council is now charged with the distribution of the funds voted . ' by' ; p > rliarnent for prompting education ,, and with the ; general supermtehderice'bf the system of education as pursued iff the schools wbichparticipate-in the - government : grant . r < The President of the Council is , theprincipal nieinber of this committee ; arid has ' pf ^ ctidally'the charge of the important and' increasing business ' of this department , inaddition to his' other official and parliiwhentaryduties ';' , ' : '; ' - '' ' " ' - - A ;'" . '' - Your ' comroitte e do not propose any . alteration in the present salary ' of this office .- , ¦ "•'• " (•? . '*'' . ;"• ..

      BoinD op Trade . —The offices m this department which come within , the terms of the reference ' are th'bse only of the President and Vice-President ; biit , ; as has "been before stated , another department has been recently established ;'' which has the charge of supeririteridirig ' the development of the railway ' systeni . ' These duties ; were origirially discharged by the Board of Trade , but the staff of that board ; was found inadequate lor their due [ performance ., ' . , ;; . , ;; Your committee areof opinion , now that , 'the ' ra 9-way systeiri is so ' near cdmpletiqn / that ' the duties ' of the Railway Board ' iri ' ay again' be 5 discharged upder the directiori of the Board of Trade ; they therefore recoroniehdi with a' vie w-to save the isaiary . ; of the ; Bailwaj . Commissioner ; that'steps betaken to consolidate the department of the Hallway Board with , thiit of the Board-of Tride ;' ' - '• ' ' : '! ' ' M " ;; ^' . ' , ' Thev do ' not nron ose to make-any •' alteratibri in

      the salary of the President of thb Board of Trado ; but they recommend that' the salary of the Yice ,-Presiderit be £ 1-500 per annum . . '; ' •'< " ; . Loud Pkivt Seai .. —Your committee' recommend that provision be ' made for the transfer of tbe'duties of this' office to sdine other department '' of the government , arid that the salary be'discontinued .. SEcriETiRY-M-WAR .---Ariother committee of the house'is especially charged with the investigation of the nature and duties of this office . Your committee , therefore , have abstained altogether'from taking evidence , or making any ! recommeridatiori to the house , with reference tothe salary of the Secretary-at-War , ' ¦ '¦ " } ¦¦ A ' "' " '¦ ? " '' ' ' ¦ .-. Pavmaster-Gesbbal ;—This office-is at ' present held by the Vice-Presidentof the Board' of Traded and your committee recommend- that' the salary be £ 1 , 500 fbrtb ' e united offices . ' ¦ - ; :: '' - ¦ ¦ ¦' <• ¦ ' ¦ * ¦ ' ';•' ""'

      Tub Judge AnvocirB . —Your committee ^ coiiimerid' that the salary of tbe V Judge-Advocate' 'be £ l , ' 50 O per arinuiri ; arid'that thischarge ; beihauo 6 h the nest appointment . They also recommend that in future the Judge-Advocate shall not be debarred from the practice of his profession whilst'in posses-8 ibnbfthatoffice . ' ' ^ ' . w- ¦ : ¦ ¦ :: ;;•''•"* " ¦ ' ; Adshramt . —It appears that in-this'department the salaries of three of the Junior Lord are fixed at £ 1 , 000 each , with a residence , " and ofthe bther two at £ 1 , 200 withnoresideriee ; . ^ ' >• - ' { ' ; ; r , /' ¦ Your committee recommend , that for the future the salary of each Junior Lord-shall be jGI ; 000 and thatre sidences be allowed only tb ' the- First . Lord ; the Senior Naval Lord , ' and the Secretary . '" " ' - 0 RDNA > XE-OFncE ^ The s ' ame ' ob ? crvatiori ' sapply to this department ' as to" that ' of the Secretarr-at- ' War ? ' ¦ ¦ * " ¦ ¦ " ¦¦' /¦•*'; . : . . 'r ; -.. v . . -,, i ; . f .... T .. ^ . -,,

      . ; . MAsiKk Op the . Mist . —Your corinriittee ' recoriiriiehd ; that thisoffice . ' as a'parlianientary 1 office ; be abolished , arid that theduties of it should beeperformed by a responsible officer under' the direction oftbe : Treasury . : •/• , '!; . . " :. " ' .. , " : : ¦ . ¦ •; Chibp Seciietabv jorTreiaud : —The salary of this office is £ 5 , 500 . Tho committee' ; are aware that changes inthe local gbverhuieutoflrelarid ' aTe contemplated . They' recommerid , that in ' 'case these changes are not . madej the salary of the Chief Secretary bereduced to a sum ; not exceeding £ 3 , 000 per annum ; the reduction' to'take effect on the next vacancy j or ; in case ' of no vacancy ; dt the close ofthe present-parliament .- ' - ' ' " L ,: i of

      • PooR-iiAw BoAriD .- ^ TheZSalanes this ' - department which came under the consideration of your committe e ; are' those ' : of the : Chief Commissioner , and the two . Secretaries . , Your : ! committee'do ribt recommend any alterationijii " -the . salary o ^ the ' Chier " . Commissioner ; but they are . led tbjbelieve that the duties of ^^ a Secretary , might ; he . efficiehtiy , plrforme " d at a . saiary ^ of ilj ' opp ^^ Lbbkihg ^ howeyeiv't'b ' the , circumstances ; under ^ which , ^ ^ orio ^ qf the pregeriFse : cretaries accepted ; , office ^ your ., ^ cbm ^ mepd . that . , the ,. immediate , reductibh . ' slioriid ^ t ' ake place only ib ithe . ca ' sef of the . parliamentary" secre- ' tary , .. and that , the Jsalary . pf , the other . secretary should be reduced dii the ' first , vacancy ; . ; " • ' ¦ ' ¦ '' ¦

      • - - » : - ; r .: ^ -JUDICLiLMMllIES . ; ,, ' ,, ; . ir ;;; ; y : 'A . ¦ -. ¦ - : >* / ENGLAND . '; " . '• : : : ' ' ¦ ; Yburcp ' mMttee next'proceed to the second part of the inquiry referred to ' them ;; namely ; the salaries and ' emolfimehts ' of judicml ^ officers in the superior' courts of law arid ' 6411 ^ in thei ; : TJnited Kingdom / " ¦ '¦ : ¦ - «'• " > , ; - ' 5 ' A- ?" v ; "iv . ' - ' They have'taken evidence from some at ttieaiost eriiinent men connected ' with '; thb'jcpu ' rt ' s . ofeaoh bountry . f they have referred teevideBce ' gjven before the . cbriiriiittee '' which ' sat iri 1830 ^ -31 , and have called for return ' s ; showiriglhe changes which'have been made' frbriy time'to time itf the " salaries j ' and emoluments of th e jude : es ; t 6 all 'of which

      docu' nfents'they respectfully ; Call tbe attention-Of ! the house ; After givhlF , r ' cafefur ' corisideriltwn to this aubject , they have deterhiinbd to recbniriierid ' 'tO ! the house the foUbwing ' scale of s alaries ' for the . various ¦ judicialoffices of laW aridehuity in Eriglarid : — . " I 1 : ' % ' ¦ ' Wri'C & aDcelibrA . A .. A ;^ . % ; a : £ 8 , 000 ' ,, i "" TheMaster'of the Eblls ¦ : ti ; i .. L ; i ' . i \ 6 , 000 -A 1 4 W ' Vice-Charicellor'bf Eri ' glarid ; il ; .. lJ . ; 6 , 000 .: -. ;' / ' ;/; Second Yiee ^ ChanceIlbr i ; -MM ,, V .. ; . V . ' i 5 , 000 ' ° !' ; Ma ' stersih Chariceryeach ' ... ; ........ 2 , 000 ^ The ' Ac cbuntoritfQbnbral ^ . ' .. ; ..:... ^ r Wisuffder ' sfoodthatthedfficbbf the third , Vice » Chancellor'is to be abolished bnthe first Vacancy . ; : ^ " "CluefJustice / o ^^ bebn ' s'Bench . ; : ^ '! '

      . ;; ,, Ditto Common Pleas ' .: ; ....:. . ; . ; .:... ' 16 , 000 Ji : ; Chief , Barbn ofthe Exchequer '~ i : A ; ' jC . OOOwfjr . Twelve ; Puisne'Jiidgesieach 5 , 000 ., ; ,. •' The cbmmittee recommend that the retiring allowances of the judges be adja ' st ' e'd ' -so as .-tpboar the same proportion as at present to then-salaries for actual service . ;)! r i ;¦ '• - ¦ - ! r . r . T \ ¦> ¦ .. -.:: ;; . The attention of the committee has been directed to the large erholuments of the law , advisers of the Crown / These emoluments a ' re . dcrived from : yari . Pus sources , including fees ; on briefs and . patents , and appear to your committee to he ; excessiyo . They do not , however , express ; any . opinibn . on , the subject , beyond a general . 'recommendation ^ that they be reduced ; but they suggest to the consideration of the government ; whether the duties of ; At : torney arid Solicitor-General , might not be , as , effi- ; ciently . performed , and- a saving offeqtpd . to , tne

      public , if they were ; paid by : fixed salary jrosteao . 01 £ g 63 ~;''/ ' .- '¦¦' . ••• > l " i " ' ' ' ' j'A' ¦ ' -.:. *¦» »¦ u ; 1 -. ' [ ' ¦ : ; . 1 In recommending that the AccountantjOerierai bo paid by a fixed salary > equal'to that , of the Masters in Chancery , they would also suggest ; that , such MransementB should be made with regardUtp ; the brokerage " or Investments . in stock ,, which , now forms a part of the emoluments * of this ; ofl ) ce , as may most conduce to the interests of tho suitors in the Court of Chancery . ¦ . ' . '•; , '¦ : , ., in agreeing to these salariesfor judges'ana other officers in the courts of justice , the committee have not adverted to the questions of patronage ana . fees , nowunder the consideration' of another cpnimittee of this house . ; They must , however , express a decided opinion , from some . statements m < the .-evi-j i dence , that np fees of any description , ' should bo

      The Pruning Knife .I, T F W,Qrk. *»—-..J...

      ' wK " to th , , £ J aIarl 0 s i that the regulations W ««?» and ^ hipri rifay be further recommended ^ iKSfil lto appohrtments of subordinate officers enfprcedi ; : thaj | ' 'alhiperson ' s ' i toi / be / hereaftef nomv-, natod ; tosuoh ' officesshaJlibe . iplabed onireasonable and modbrate . salarieg , toibe . exclusively enjoyed by , themjelyos ;' . 'and that they . Bhall . ' invariably execute the whole duties ofthe offices iniperson ; - ¦/¦ . '; ;» ,- \ The : obnimitteei also iveriture' to-ie ' xpre ' ssia hope , that'refprms in theproceedingSi ' of the courtsmay gradually lead to considerable reductions injudicial establishments . i ? The ' appointment , ¦ emoluments ; estaWwhment , f and whole systemofthe office of Accountant-Qeneral , ' should suridergo revision ;; It

      isiintevldence before them ; that- the most unnecessary delays and detentions prevail inr the offices of Mastersin-Chanceryviwhicatmighti be easily and immediately . removed ,.. so . as .: to ; red » ce largely the amount of business ; . and . claims on > the time of the Masters ; Suoh : jreforms , besides conducing to economy , would facilitate > . the course of justice ; and give the greatest ' relief to suitors -in the courts of equity . _ — : v .: \ - ¦ . •¦\ A \\ - 'A ' - '¦¦' - ¦ ¦ ¦ ' ; i The comniittea further , recommend to the serious attention of the government the enormous expense of legal proceedings on behalf-of the public . . ^ The vigdant supervision of the Board of .. Treasury , over cms branch of public expenditure in-. all . the . departmentsseerrisessentiallynecessary . : * . Your committee recommend that all fees on appointment to ofBce be abolished . : , . ; .

      . „ ., < .. , ,. . ., ' , j , ; : 3 , SCOTLAND .: - ,,, ., , ¦ -.,-.. .. -, ' , ' -. The committee reebmmondthe following scale of salaries for , the judges of superior courts inScotland : — - !;' : /'; ¦ m :--:, ; . - '„ .: >> : v , ! ? ..- .= ,-,- > ¦ :,- . •• . , i ..- . ; ,,.. -, v , ; The Lord President . of the ; Court of ' : 1 ., ; SeSBion ...,...... i ......... ; . i ........... v .. £ 4 , 300 Lord : Ju 8 tice ' . Clerk and Presidentof .,, ; ,, , j I ' ,, ' , second-division ^ , of . the ( Court of •;• . ] i ;; i 7 ii . Session . ,,.,..,.,.,, 4 , 000 . . .. . Lords of Session , Justiciary , and J . ; ' . ¦ , .. Exchequer ,: each , .. ; . -.: ; ...... * . ; 3 , 000 , ' They do . / notKrecommendjanyi-aUeiation in the offices of Lord Advopate and SolioitbrrGeneral ., -. ; . , i , , i It has ; been given Jn-, qv ; idenpe to your comtnittee , that the business trarisaotodin the ; variouscourts in ; Scotland is . of . aivery unequal amount : and they

      have . overy ! reason to ; believe , ; that > tho , ; number , of judges , is larger than the population and . business of that i parti ; of the .: United . kingdom require ,, and might bo diminished . It has , indeed , been stated , that measures , are ( in i contemplation , whereby the present inequality , may , be in ; some degree rectified ; but . your . qommittee . would . press ; ori the , attention bf tfiagovernriienti that when any , vacancy may occur , this 'subject ; shallbp well considered , arid ithat . the opinion of this committee with regard to ; the riunN ber-of judges should'be attended to . . ; -.- ; j ' r ¦ ''ia ' j . i ; . ' -: ! > , > : ;; ., : oi ! --IBEI . ANI > .. ^ f . , ; , " . j '' ' - '"'

      I i . Theysproposeihe . following salaries of the , judicial offices inthe Irish ; courts : — : h-k' ¦ ' . ¦ ¦';{¦;¦'< . ' ¦¦ ' ¦ ' -, / Lord Chancellor ..... ' . ' £ 6 , 000 .,, ,-, ;• Masterof : the ; Rolls ......... i .. ' . ; . ' . i . v ,. 4 , 000 " \ ., ; Chief'Jo , atico : Of Queen ' s Bench ...... ' 4 , 300 - v i' . r . o . , ;¦« . ' ; : ) : ;; ' , . rCommon ; Pleas ...... i ' 4 , 000-A Chief liaron . of , Exchequer ..... ; ......-., ' 4 , 000 ; r .-. ; c , ; Puisn 6 i Judges , each .. ; .. ' . ; .. . >; .. . ;;; . 3 ; 000 , Masters in Chancery , each ...,......... ; 2 , 000 . " .. ,, . rYour com . mittQe , would make thp same suggestion with regard to ; , the , numberof Irish , judges v ^ ich they have already offered in ; referring % the judHial establishment ; in Sootlarid ..,:... ; , ¦ ,-. ¦ - ¦ . ::-i

      ; i : - » v .-.: r . i DIPLOMATICiSALARIES . , : : ,::.,... ; Thbcbirimittee' have ' given much'patient consideration tbthe subject of oiiv diplomatic expenditure , arid have eritertaiheda'variety of opinions upon ' it '; they have , however , decided to recommend a complete revision ofthe present system of our , diplomatic establisHnieritsJ ' and with'that ; yiew they- came-td the following resolutions ' : — ^ '' -i - **) ¦ ; ¦ ¦'<¦'; - >' -A :: r . First , That , it be recoromendedto the government foprbpOse to the government of France and Turkey tb convert'the embassies now- rhairitained between those countries arid-England into missions , and that our di p lomatic establishments at , Paris and Coris ' taritiudpleheput'on thb footing of first class missibri ' s : 'H 'i' i- ' A'H -i ¦ '¦ :. ' , ¦!• .: ' . -. ; .:.: . S ¦ •¦> )•„ . . , .

      . 'Secondly , That it be reebmimerided to the serious attention of the government that a single mission at some'central point in Germany may- be : substituted for the several missions how existing at iHanover , Dresden ; : Stutgard ^ Muiiich ' , arid Frankfort , without detriment to the , pubHc servicei ' . " ¦ ' ! . ;' , ""• " \ - ;« ! - ' Thirdly ; . That it be recbriimehded to the governrnorit to make arrangements forunitingthe mission at Florence with one , of the Italian missions . A ' ' Fourthly , - That ' nb'diplbrnatic salary shouldexceed ^ 5 ; 000 per-arinutn ; excliis'ive ' of an allowance for , a residence ; ' ¦ -- ¦ ¦ ' ' . ¦ ¦¦ ¦ " ? - ' ;; .- , -i . = r - - Fifthly ; ' That it be reebmriierided to . the

      government to revise the salaries of . the whole diplomatic service ; regardbeinghad to the maximum suggested by ' thecoaimittee ; and'to the rolativeimportance-of the '< various missions ; and-that in certain oases a union of missions might take place , or , a consul- or consular agent' be suostituted for ' a . mission , whereby '¦¦ considerable saVingi'might > be ) effected without injury to ithepiiblio service . ; »¦ •; : ¦ : ¦ :, u , ' i ¦ '¦¦'¦ •• ' > . The diplomatic pension ^ list has engaged the'attention ofthe committeo , and ^ theyihave ; been led to remark * how large'a ? proporti 6 n ; the : aggregate amount of pensions bears < to < -the , sum ; paid ^ for actual service . ' There are circumstances connected

      with the diplomatic service which render it difficult to • enforce all the : regulations applicable . to other pensions ' : hut looking to the maiu ; object for which

      allpensions are granted— : : *> ofi ¦• v-. ki ' .: ;] -. : o : They rtcomhiendj that , 'strict ' . regard being had to existing ^ uriterestSj-regulations'ibO ! made for the granting ' of future pensions ,-hvrespectbf the age and circumstances , of- the parties claiming thenij so far as is practicable , ''in accordance with the Gth and Mth ' f sections < of the adti and < 5 iWilliam IV ; y Ci 24 , whicliragalatescivil pensions ; A ! ,.- ; * ¦ The committee , '' being * anxious to report in tho present session ; 'have not had time to , prosecutothe ' inquiry , into'the consular establishments ,: and they recommend'that-sin investigation into this branch should be instituted in the course of next session of ParHa ' menW ;' ^ ' •'• " A ' ^ l' ' : ' ' : l' ^ - •' ¦ ' ; - ¦ ,- ., ' ; - ' U •'•' ' ! '•'¦ i " > - ' " '— '' ' ¦¦¦¦ ' ¦¦¦ - < > .., !

      A .-. ' Stj^Day^Postage.Ideliyery. ' "'"...

      A .-. ' STJ ^ DAY ^ POSTAGE . iDELIYERy . ' "'"' ' . A public meeting „ was ; held on . ^ MQnday evening in the Hall ofthe Freemasons ' , Tavera ,- ; Great Queenstreet , Lincoln ' s Inn Fields , for thespurpbse of obtaining the immediate . ; rescinding , ^ , the recent postal : regulation , ; stoppingithe- delivery of letters ' and newSpapers-on Sunday ;; The hnllwas Crowded before-seven , elclbok , ' ; the ; ho . uB ; atlwhich it was ' arinoiincedrtcattho . businessishouldsbegin ,, Iwhen ; on the motionof . Mr 4 iSKttM ' , ? Mfc > J ;; Hume , M . Pi , took ; the chair ; , J t : ;; i-. ^ i -io rii ^ 'i ^ TM i' > ;>• : J "' ' ' - ''' ¦¦ i '' . Tho , CnAlBMAN , "in opening jtho-proceedings j ' said there ; was , ' perhaps , . no ; question ' more important thanth . it . whichu-elated to , rapidiCOmmunicatibn'be-

      tweon i place and / place , , and man ; and man— . than th ' atj'infaot / . whicharfected the . ' gerieral regulations of the postal department . He oo . uldjrecbllect ' the effortsim ' ade .: frbni : year toryear to . accelerate communicationpand he had noheaitation in saying that of 'all' the > ¦ Social ichanges ^ - which " , had taken - place since he had been a public man-rrand : that ' was a great many yeara-rrriou ' e had appeared to hiin tabf 6 'important than ; that -which provided facilities fbr cheap and rapid postal communications . ! i ( Cheers . ) He : waS' onei of . those who epohsidered : any , measures taken to interfere with ithat ' . comniiinioatibri iis'depriving'thecorhfflunityofa' . portion . ofthose adVan ° < tages which . - 'with greati ] abourjrhad > been obtained for . ithemvtand he ; thoughtariyafctemptstowards a retrograde system musfcrhave ; been maae under a

      very erroneous idea ^ . ? He wasssorryifo see , such' an attempt , but he ; waso . not one . 'of thoseresporisiblo for that : ' . retrogres 8 ion ; ' ..:, ( Cho ' crs . ;)^ ,: 'fle | had ^ dorie everything . to forward ( the ohjoot of'the ih ' eetirig . Postal facilities tended ; to : encourage the'diffusion bfknbwledge-i-placed ' monan afsituatiori tp . know arid * toiicstimatectheirjrights ; . ^ andjhe ; could riot thereforebut regret apy-atteinpts made tp iriteffbre with Sunday newspapers or Sunday trar . elllnkAJIe . was anxious ^ o see thei Sabbath ; d ay respected . He wasaiso'most anxious topromote civil and religious liberty , lvlfwewere atvlibetiy-to send our letters " as we pleased , . the : case > might heiidlfferdnti | but , there waS ' . adayft'W . hiphjftidjthey , should not at thbh "' peril ( transmit a . lettor otherwise , than thrppgh [ the post ; arid ' if tneyVdii thev were , liablb \ tb' a nenaltvbf £ 5 .

      Thp gbvernrrien ^ by , ; that ; p , ne apttop ^' up ^ n'its ' elftho duty of conveying . all . ' , their mforinjit ' ibti . as ' rapidly SS 4 j' *? i sWy ¦ a ? ' pbBsible v ' . I . I ^ wps ^ 'th ' on , surely , agajn 8 fc ; the goneralin ' tercsts of ' . the community . that ( fhfl ,. govefhfflentahb ^ d ' . stop /;^ t ' w . pledged to carry , bri .., Any ; attempt at'"fcori the part of a few , however'influehiiaV ' appbared , ' [ therefore , to , him a . broach . of . contract to the comniuity " at large ^ lCJieers . );; : ; , ;' ; ,,: ;; ' ' ? , . ; , " ;' . ! ; ;' ; i !< Mr . MacKinnon ; M . P . moved the first resolntipn ; He , had , been in that minority from . whbsodefeatthe circumstances giving rise tb the ; meeting had 'taken E ce ,,, , He . deemed it . right ' i't ' o . state ¦ . tbaf /' as sphie lairie ;„ had , ' rbeen [ attached to . 'Minister ' s a'rif itf'her ' ; Majesly for , having ' acceded ^' p , those resolutions pf the house , that it was imppssible . for arivtriiriistry to act , otherwise than i Lbrd ^ Jphii ; Russell had acted , ' or for ^ any ! sovereign to have' acted . 'Otherwise'than

      l ( i » U UW jDiUjest ^ i , , IJlt' « r . ; . , . x « o ^ e , w <« o , uu aumopo from , a . ' maj , prity of thb , Hpuse , of Commons . Tho minister was bound to . lay that address at tho foot bfthothvbne . ; ' the Sovereignwaabquidly ; bound to pay . ; to , it attentiori , . If , ; therefore , ' blame rested anywhere , ' it . rested with'that . ' pxtr ' aprdinary majority which , in an -unguarded ' hour , " gave so extraordinary a vote .. ,, Could the whble . cpmiriujty remain quiescent ' bh , the Lord ' s DaV ? ' . Some individuals rnust . db work for thej ' resfc ., ' Civilisation and facility , of communication ? won't hand in , hand ; 'To stop Sunday labour p ritirely yvas altogether impossible , and it had been proved in the House of ; Common ' s that the attempt so tp'db ' hfid augmented ; iftstead ' of diminishing it ., It . had been proved that in Manqhestor aha Wverndol some severity : or eighty pevr sons had been ' sot by private parlies ; to do the , work performed befpro by l 0 ' t # ty-ayei , . 'He wwefore v > '•¦ ¦¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ : ' ¦ : ; -.= ¦ ¦ : . ¦ -. ! . ' ' ' -ji ! :- ; - < ' < -, i :: - .-) :... - ' '•¦ ' 'I ' - ' l ' ¦" . ' i , i > . ' . v , ( .- ' --K - '' : i ; : c ! ! , ; . !¦ ' { 'j '¦ '

      A .-. ' Stj^Day^Postage.Ideliyery. ' "'"...

      begged to propose the first resolution :-. «« That this meeting is fully convinced that the admirable systemon j hiphjhejwj ; ^ the " recent obnoxious reslrictions ,-was in course of affording all theiaocommodation that ' coald » be '< rendered to the public * iand iwith / the least ^ posbible amount ofSunday iaboun ii That : the :. nebes & ity-for correspondence has vastly increased that amount of toil , and . that since'the cessation ! Of the Sunday postal delivery , the . requireraentsoftho pub ) lio call foraspeedyreturnto tBeformefpractice . ") > Mr . , Fobsibb , v ' M ; P . for Berwick ; seconded thb resolution . Members had reason to complain of the

      public in this matter . Up to th ' o . time whemthe Horise of . ; Commons was so ; shamefully taken by surprise ^ and that vote carriedby . a sort of coupde main , the public did ' nothing : to impress their , will upon the timidity and cowardice , of the House of Commons . Alrendysoriioof the members who voted for that resolution had dome to him and , ; confessed 'that its consequences , made them wish it altered . ' ' Government ! > snid , ¦ ¦ ¦ where : are : ; tha . petitions—where the public voice—whevothe meetings ? , v It WB 8 , therefore , for the people to speak out , and show that they would not be coerced . ( Cheers . ) ; Dr . WasByof Marylohone , supported tho resolution . ! :-. i- < ¦ ¦ ¦; . - ,.-. , " .-. -, ¦ ¦ .- ' , -,. l

      ; The Rev . Dr . Hewlett moved as , an amendment the following : — " That the advantages of a weekly day of . restj whether considered physically , soeially , or morally „ are far bayond any trifling convenience thafctmay bojobtained by its infringement ,: and that as ait opportunity , has offered , ' of relieving a large number of thejjindustrious classes by . the recent postal arrangements from unnecessary labour on the Sunday , this meeting , conceive it highly desirable that the alterations in the Post-Office department should have a full and fair trial" y ¦; . ¦ : Mr ., Lom > seconded the amendment ^ and tho question .. w ' aaipnt by . the Chairman . The show ' of hands evidenced ayast majority in favour : of the ' original motion . ; ..-: ,. ' ..-. ,., < -.. ? , ¦

      Mr . Locke ,- M . P ., moved the second resolution ' , and said , that at all events the amendmentand previous resolution had , had a full and fair trial . If the . cause . was as fully and fairly . tried in the house , the same unanimous votea would affirm the meeting ' s : decision . '; ( Cheers . ) ,. Ho thought a day of rest most important . ; He . made no exceptions , not even for postmen . ( Cheers . ) '; But whilst' he : admitted ' that thatday ofrestuwas a season of blessing ; he held that every man was called lupon to make some sacrifices on it , if required . 'for the public . Ifc ' waiS not ; : the . working ; men who .: refused to contribute theirmice towards the , general good . " They knew that some labour was necessary on Sunday ^ in order not to entrench on other . days . ' ( Hear , hear . ) 'Let them ilook . at the . great manufacturing

      establishments ; did they . suppose one voice would be raised in favour Of shutting them up against all labour on Sunday ? ¦ There were thousands of persons in those manufactories Who , if the engine broke , would be thrown . out of employment . . It was the ; constant practice , tcido the ; little' . reparations required oh Sond ay ^ so as to prevent an accident so ruinous to thousands ; Did ; they suppose the engine man who dragged his five hundredout to Windsor orRich- mond on . Sunday afternoon begrudged , the ;' small amount of labour which he gave ? .:, ( Cheers . ) 'Did they think he did not rather take a prido and pleasure in seeing his fellow workmen-with their wives and little onesV going , after-weeks : of toil , ° fbr one day ,: of health and pleasure ? : Did he riot feel ; the day :, would , come ; whenihe , would be in the same

      trainoBithesame . errand , andiunderstand that the happiness of many might fairly . ' : be accomplished by the labour . of a few . ? . ( Cheers *); -A great talk had been made about ; 15 , 000 people signing a petition in Liverpool , and of sixty or seventy , honest irien liborated from the Post-officegoingin procession to church . , Hisinferencewas this : he said , 'if those ISjOOO ; petitioners ,: had liberated ; their . ; coachmen and grooms-r ( cheef 8 )—their menservarits and their maidservants ; . what a goodly procession they WOUld have made ? It would have been attended with this further advantage—it would ; have shown how much good could be done by a ; private feeding ^ 'by the enterprise of private parties , without encvoachirig on . tberights and liberties of ; the coriimunity at

      large . : Mr .. Locke concluded by . moving thb following resolution : — 'I . That the equal and general dissemination ; of early : in telligence is one of the highest results of eur civilisation . ' . That the . weekly newspapers , by its efforts tojgather and . publish intelligcrice ,-. ; renders bminent public service ; and that its transmission by , the Saturdaymorning-s delivery is a service / which the humble iind industrious man , who can read his : newspaper ^ on the . Sunday only , and by which all . classes ai e : greatly benefited ; and that themeans . offeredby such a system arc those which . involve by far the least interference with"ihe seventh . day ' s rest , enjoyment ; and devotion . " - ' "' - Mr . Sbblb , on behalf of . the weekly pressj secOnded . Mr . ; Locke ' s resolution : , * v ' ! ' '

      . , The Rev . John Kbsnbbv addressedtbomeetirigin oppositiorij , but being heard with great impatience , resisted . ) hU ;• : : ' »; •• . ' :: ,: ' : . v . '; '' '; . The resolution . was ; then carried , " ' ' " ' ' '' . '" . ; A petition to the ; House of Commons arid a-merribrial to ' -the comhnssioh of inquiry were agreed'to , and the opposing resolution negatived ; and tljahks having ; been ; , voted to ^ the chairman , the meetirig separated .-. N ; - :. ; . ; , ¦ / ::- ; - . :: ¦' : ¦ , ; - - : ; ' " - ' ;

      ,;;.I. " ,';._'. ' Lambethelection.,. .....

      , ;; . i . " , ' ; . _' . ' lambethelection .,. ... .-.-- ¦}¦ . . .,, The . nominatipn . of a burgess to fill the vacancy in . the representation ' of , the borough of Lambeth , caused by the resignation of Mr . Charles Pearsori , tb ' okp lacb on Monday morning . at ten o ' clocki ? on Kehhingtbn-cwnmori .. ;; . v . ' .. ... ,. ' , ' : . - ¦ . •• -. I " . Three carididatos apneared lipon . the , hustings , namely , Mr . Wm . Williams , lato-M ; P . for Coventry , Admiral Sir ^ Charles Sdpier , ; and Mr . J . H . Palmer . Mr ,. Williams first appeared ori . the ground , and proceeded to the hustings , bri footj accompanied by his committee . ;' ! Sir Charles papier arrived at the hustings'in a carriagb and pair , " adorned with a . huge Union Jack . ; Mr , Palmw came upiii a carriage and feu ' rl ' " . ' "" ' " ' ..- ' . ' : - ' . ¦ - ;•¦ ? . i-y .-,-.

      As the candidates appeared ' there was scarcely any demonstration of feeling on the part ofthe people , , assembled , ! ... who . numbered- about ; 1 ; 200 , excepting the case of the admiral , . ' who , was received by ; Mr .., ' Wii } iam ' s s . ; suppbrfers ; with ; loud cries of , " No flogging , " . " .. B'i-ing theI caW-nine-tails / ' ; while somebf the more briergetio of the crowd brandished veritable " ' cats '' ' ' -as-Sir-Charles advancedito . the ¦ frontofthehustings : >; . ! ' . / O 3 * "\>; - ' . ! ' ¦ o- > i- 'f ,-- 1 - •' . ) The usual formalities , havingibeen gone through ; and id * , b-. u- - . ^ -An r . v i- 'sidrii-if ' ' -ti' -iir - ' iv . < -t . ;« v Mr . GSsi , Ow ,: the returningiofflceiy ; having briefly . ( addressed the meeting as to the duties they had . to rpferfbi'm , ; . ' ' -, . ; - >•'• ' •¦ ..: ' .. - ¦ , ; .-. ; ¦ , . - « i < : ¦ : I ; < ,:.. A ' > : ' : . ¦ ¦ ¦ ; " ! , fMiv Babvbjt , of LambethHouse , cameforwardto 'nominate Mr . W . Williams —( cheers )^ -as , a fit and

      troper person to represent ; the ' . borough / 'He had nown Mr . Williams forsupwards of thirty years as a , thorough , man of business : ^ Forthirteen years Mr . ! Williams had beenin Parliament , during which time , he gave no less than 2 , 000 iVOtes , none of whioh had ever . eyen , been . questionedy > with the exception of two ; , ' and , if , those ; , twocwerer erroi's ^ at . all theywere errors of the . headjnbtofthehoartJ They had also a gallant admiral , who came forward with a : very ^ catchy , . commencement ^ S Do you ,: want : a sailor ? " ( Laughter , and "; he ; , wants the cat-o ' - ininetails . ? ' ) -He would say nothing against him for . boing . a sailorr-they „ werd / . the : best defence of the , country ;> but ho did not know > What a sailor bad to do with ; representing ; Lambeth . ( " Certainly not ;") ::.: 'He , 'Was , foimerly ; , in .-iParliament , when , he

      soon got a place . , ( Laughter . ) f He ? said . that if called ' , upon to servo his country , - he would resign hisseat . ' ( Laughter . );; , When in . Parliament he got the jc ' ommand . of , the experimental' squadron ,, for iWhicllithO ' people hadjtoj . pay ; . ! Tho other candid date . was a respectable man whom . they all knew ^ -rhe would not say one word to his prejudice ; He is son-< in-law . to your-present-sitting member , and he : did not think : that ; was anyre ' eoromendationi : He was also a lawyer . ( M Stopping-stone to the woolsack . " ) There were too many lawyers in . the House of Com-; moiia ' alreadys , ' ( Cheers . ) fiSee ? how they came out on the question of-Lord Palmerston ' s policy .: Some

      ( Oft theVlawyers who voted : on that occasion ! had already got places —( true ) -rand the . others were all onthe way to preferment . '( . Cheers ;) .: There would bo much profession on this occasion , but ho said , let themhavoacts not'words . ) ( Cheers . ) In fact ; let . them take Mr . Williams , . whiv-he ; would say , had a good character from his j last : place . ' ( Cheers . ) ¦ Place him oil the top of the . poll ; so that the speculators twould , no : morej . ; appear , i ariiong -them ; ( CheersV )< . ' . They ought not'to have any man who ; was'in office '; or seeking officer a He nominated W . ^ Williams , Esq ., as a fit person for ^ their representative ... *• :. ; , ' . ' .: -1 ;; " ¦ ' ¦« ¦ ::- >^; - ;> -. c . -,- ;' : ¦ ' ¦ ' . ' :. ; ¦

      . Mr ., Douwok , sen ., seconded , the nomination . They wanted ( financial reformers in : the House of Commons to resist such scandalous votes as £ 12 ^ 000 a year to . a royal , duke . ! ( Cheers . ) ; The-maioWty on that vote was made up of '' placemen and'halfway officers ; . Suchthorough-financial reformersas-Mr .-Williams were wanted : in the Hbiiseof JOommons ! » OWi--i ; 'i . . . ;• ¦ ¦ ¦ -. !'; ¦;¦• : ! ,-: ;; . . { ri ' . viAV ' . ir ;; ;; - ; ¦ ¦ '; -o > . Mr . WiiiMAit IvNoTithen ( name'forward' to propose Mr . Palmer —( cheers and uproar )~ WhO , ho said ; , was tho son of one ofthe best ' reformers 'that over lived . He was the sori ' of their old friend tho late Samuel Palmer . ( A Voice : ' . 'how do yo * know ?' . ') who . had . been known . 'to them all as' a friend and neighbour .... ; : ;•; ' ? Mn Jons WiLiES seconded'Miv Palmer ' s

      nomination " -c-f , - .. ' : •) ; ;; , . Mr . Charks Evaks , amidst groat oonfus ' ton ] noliminated Sir Charles Napier as a fit and proper person tp ropre ^ eDt the boroughs ' ¦ ' ^> - - > Mr . MrtttR . came forward to second the hpinin ' attoh , nn'd ' said , . ' "" . ' " , ';'' ' ; ' ' . ' '' . ' ; ' ,. '• " ; " ¦ - '" ' '" ' ' ' rr;— V My name is Miller ; „ In the Old Kent-road riiy father keep ' s' his shop ; 1 , A iragaYinah , whose onlyoareia to increase his . ' . ' stock , "' ¦¦ '" . ' ' " ' ¦ ' ¦ - . - . ' - ' •¦ •• , ¦; - ' ¦¦ ¦ : Ajidkeeph ^ cinly soajrnyse ^ al ^ '•" : : . ' Ifi ' .: ! ' (!; ' :... ' ; .:... ! -i ,., ; i / . ..-, - . , - •' ,:.. . ..

      ,;;.I. " ,';._'. ' Lambethelection.,. .....

      ( Cries of "Bravo , Norval . " ) Those who were fathers could understand how difficult a thing that ^^¦ v-Ho , hadjeferred , to , the , 8 hopsto . shpw that be waBorie of the" middle classes , and as ' such be seconded the nomination of Shf'OvHapie ' r . 1 ! ; Mr . ^ WiLUAMs ' theh " ' oaine forward , ; am . idsll vociferous cheering from hid supporters ; - "He ' said that be did not appear before them ^ ith'professibns which were intended to be'brek ' en / bflt'aa-aUried man . He had served his country faithfully , honestly , and uprightly for thirteen years ' in the Houle of Commons . He had never given a vote , or uttered a word in tho House of ' Commons / or done one single ' act against the interests-of-the great body of-tho people . He belonged' to the people , he sympathised with their

      interests , ana He would stand ; by i themto the last . As he had already said ho was there to-day on the invitation of some of , the leading men of the borough —he ' had been the ' first in trie-field and had been followed by six-others . Four of them had withdrawn—two , however , remained to stand the fight , and-he ^( Mr-. Williams ) , was 'in : the ; hands of the electors to defeat them . ( Cheers and , cries of" So you shall . " ) With regard to ono , ofthem ( Mr . Palmer , ) not a word in his favour had been said by anybody-Jiot even by his proposer and seconder , except that his father had . been a very . respectable man in this borough . ( Hear , hear , and a laugh . ) They had not even said that the young gentleman himself was a respectable . : man , but he ( Mr .

      Williams ) would give the honourable and learned gentleman a character and say , that he was so . ( Cheers and laughter . ) That was more than any of the hon . and , learned g entleman ' s friends hadsaid before for him . ; But with what recommendation did he come before the constituency ? . Why , . in the first place , the hon . and learned gentleman was a lawyer . ( Qroans . and hisses , and loud cries . of " , Shame . " ) There were already seyenty-two lawyers in the House of Commons , and many people thought that number was just six dozen too man y . ( Cheers and laughter . ) Another recommendation which Mr . Palmer brought with him was , that he was the son-in-law ofthe present member for that , borough . ( Cheers and cries of " Shame , " ) The electors knew hOW 1

      faithfully their presentmember , had served them , arid would be inclined / he thought , to say , if such was the sample , such was the sack . ( Applause and hisses . ) But there remained still another candidatoin the field . - ( Cheers , hisses , and groans , followed by the exhibition , both in the body of the meeting , and' by an elector' on tho hustings , of the effigies of the cat-o ' -hirie-talls , which were upraised , and shaken ; derisively before Sir' Charles Napier , amidst loud' and general' cries of " No flogging . " } The bid admiral had been bis most intimate friend fora great number of years ; ' aridtO prove how faithful was his friendship , he had come forward at the eleventh hour to do him '( Mr . Williams ) all the injury he could , fbr ihegallaDtadmiral ' s ' own return

      was wholly out , of tho question . ( Cheers and shouts of , " Dbnt be too sure of that . " ) They would he was ^ ' confident never return a place-hunter—a pepsiorier—orie who had run a ' way . frorii the electors of Marylebbnei to ' take a paltry command andappo'intrnerit .,. ( Hisses , eheers ; , aiid evoans . ) He had already struck his flag 'iri this borough . And ho ( Mr ; Williams )' asked if the gallant admiral was a fit man to represent Lamlieth ? ( Cries of , " So , no " answered byas loud shouts ' df , "Yes ; yes . " ) Would they have . a ' iriari wh ' o . deserted the colours of his country arid lerithimself as hireling to the despotic government of ' , Portugal ? . . ( Hisses , ¦ groans , and cheers . ) ' For , that he' ; wai dismissed the British service . ( 'Applause . ); ' Was such a ' , rnan , then , he

      repeated , a fit and proper man to representLatubeth ? ( Cries of , "ISp , he ; . will not suit . " ); He had himself told them at dnp ' e'f his ' meetings that he would again "accepts , placeTif one ' . was offered to him . ( Grdahs ' imd Hisses ' . ) " But . this " was ! not all . The day before the gallant admiral offered himself as a candidate "for' the , representation bf Lambeth , ho went arid " paid a visit to the' Treasury , and there he ( Mr . 'Williams ) was tbldthe gallant Admiral bad had an interview " with the Secretary to the Treasury , who has the giving- away ^ of places . Was such a riiari fit to send to tho House'pf Cb ' mriibns as their TftpvesentaUveV \ 3 Sb ,, ' no . " ) 'Duririgtbe thirteen y ears he ( Mr . Williains ) hadfaeen in parliament he had never darkened , the doors of the Treasury , and not a single penny of the public riioney had ever

      touched the , palm of his hands ,. or ever should , ( Lbrid cheers . ) He need not detain the meeting , but would . ask at . once—would they'have this placehuriter-fthis old pensioner—would they . have a man who lived by . idleness arid not by industry * ? ( Hisses , cheers , and cries of " Shame ' . " ) During the several years that he ( Mr . W . ) had been ; in parliament , he had himself brought forward motions year after year to abolish flogging in the navy , and who had stood up and opposed him ? Who but the gallant Admiral ? ( Hisses and groans ;) Nay , the gallant Admiral not only opposed the motion , but admitted ho had himself . made pretty free use ; of the lash when he hadthe power , arid he even had opposed the reduction ( which , however , was carried ) Of thd infliction 6 f SOO lashes to' fifty . ( Cheers , ) If the electors of Lambeth wanted a man to draw tho

      blood of the noble sailors of this country , there ( pointing to Sir : Charles Napier ) stood ' the man . ( Cheers , . ' hisses ; and great confusion . ) He ( Mr . Williams ) solicited the electors to compare his conduct by tlie testof his parliamentary votes with the professions of' Mr . Palmer and the acts of the old Admiral . ' ! A friend' of his ( Mr . Williams ) had en Saturday looked over the division list , during tho timehis gallant opponent ' had been inparliamcnt , arid he could scarcely fitid one in which the gallant Adm ' iralhad voted at all—but that he was absent from nine divisions dvitof ten , whilst he ( Mr . Williams ) bad ' not been absent from ' one of them . ( Cheers . ) Did the electors want an idler likotha Admiral , ' or did ' they want the man who would be

      found at' his post , standing by the pebple both day and night ? If they wanted a placeman and a pensioner , let them vote for Sir Charles Napier , if they wanted to consign this large arid important borough bf Lambeth to the family , of the D'Eyn ' courts , let theiri vote for Mr ; Palmer , ' butif thisy wanted a man of , the people—bub of the people—one tha . t would stand by the people—then let them ; hold up their hands . for him . ( Loud and tumultuous cheers , intermingled with hisses and groans . ) ' ' ' . ' , ' ¦ Mr . J . H . 'Paimbr declared himself in' favour , of Lord Palmcrston ' s policy , which had for its object to make the name of England respected throughout the world . " ('' Hear , hear , "from Sir C . Napier . ) Ho was in favour ' of Mr . Hume ' s , proposition foe

      exteridirigthe suffrage , but against tho £ 10 qualification . He also required the protection of the ballot for the poor man , for ' without that protection a Vote to the prior man would bea curse instead ofa blossirig . ( Cheers . ) He was in favour oftriennialparriarhorits . ( Cheers . ) When those meakures were : bbtairied / rigidretrehchaibnt ^^ in the public cxpenditure must follow ., J He also opposed the window tax ' and . the inebme'tax : ' He considered'that the Poor Law ; bught ' tb bp tevised so as tpgivb out-door relief where necessary . Ho was also in favour of theSu'riday ! Trading Bill ; provided the rights of tho poor man were protected . ' ; Sif'C . NAriBR ' then addressed the ' electors , but he . was continually interrupted ; in fact , during the

      whole of his speech the utmost confusion prevailed . 'Imitation " cats" were in abundance . The gallant admiral defended himself against the imputation of being a place-hunter . ' When he was sent to the Mediterranean ! it was to protect British commerce . He sailed ' against Morocco , to demand satisfaction for British' merchants who had been ill-tifeated , and i amnio satisfaction ' was given at . the very sight of i the British flag , w'thout firing a single ; shot . He ) disclaimed being , tlie intimate friend of Mr . Wil- liariis . 'He was only a friend so . far ' as having met i that gentleman frequently , in '; the ' . Hons ' e of Com- mons .. ' Mr ; . Williams's ; . speech ! consisted of fulsome ' praiso ' . of' himsplf and vulvar abuse of his oppocont . . What had broughthim ' ( Sir C . Napier ) to Lambeth ,

      was the rev olutioriary address' of Mr / Williams , u That . gentleman canie forward to b ' airibpozlo them , i « for he talked of taking sixfeeriinillioris of taxes off , f , without proposing ' any means pf supplying their ir place .. . Ha ( Sir " 0 . Kapior ) was . Bot prepared to rob to thb pubiib ; crbuitpr . ;' ! He thought the first tax that it sbprild betaken off was tho window ' tax . He had id done all he' cpnld tb reduce' the wasteful expenditure re that was going on in the navy . He had fallen under er the ; censureof the First Lord ofthe Admiralty , and nd those by , whom : he . was surrounded , and also under ler thbcWsiweof the First Minister i arid yet be ha 4 iaS . beeri called a p lace-hunter . His honi ' and courteous ) U 3 friepd had charged him with deserting his colours , irs , arid entering the service ' of a despot ; arid his hon . on .

      friend knew whenhe ' said that that he was uttering ing that which was not trub . ' ( Cheers . ) . What he had had done was to assist in placing a youthfiirand liberal ; rai queen upon the throne . As tb flogging in the navy , . vy , ho officer in the British ' navy had done ' more than han he had to put an'end to corpOKxl punishment . For For two years ho had commanded the squadron , and ho 1 ho believed that there never , was so little ; flogging in g in the navy hs during that time ; but it was impossibla ableto conduct ' the operaliopsof a fleet -without dis- dia > ' cipiine ' . ^ . ne ' had commanded between 4 , 000 and and 'd ' , 000 , nvanj ! and there was not'a sailor araongstingst , therii that . would riot have gone to the very devil to 11 to > serye ' hirn ;! ( pbeers . ) He had been told about goingjoing : tb ' jthe ; ' Weasory . ' ^ All he . ba'd'done Was to call calll

      upon his ' friend , Mr . ; Hayter . But ho ' undei'stoodstootti that spies , bad been set to watch ' him ? such were were » th © tacticVonthe other side / He was in favour ofur off tne ballot arid an extension'bf the suffirage , butnofatnott for universal suffrage . , 'flewas also in favour of Jheoftbej Claims of the Jews . ' ' . The gjitiant admiral concludedludedl by expressing his determination to go tp tbe poll . > ou , A show of hands was then taken , which wes de- ; s de--clar ' ed'by ' the returning omcetto hem favour , of Sirof & rr C . Napier . . . . nn na h «] f pf Mr . Williamllliamll . A poll was demanded on oenaji w wt * and for . Palriier , and the proceedings terminated , ted . l ' n W , ^ Bfo ^ Se candidateaidateas r ttS & 3 Sa : ^» M $ ss ^ m * m ^<^' five minutes past tw « 9 . i ., t

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), Aug. 10, 1850, page 7, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns2_10081850/page/7/