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Northern Star (1837-1852), 10th October 1846, Edition 2 of 3, Page 7, AN ADDRESS TO THE WORKING MEN OF BIRMING...

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    • -fonigit iHobemems
    • Colonial anfc fovtiun faMlismit,
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      ? _ ,, .-. ii ) , 1846 . _ XHE ^ Q ^ ^ j

      -Fonigit Ihobemems

      -fonigit iHobemems

      " Ana I Will War, At Least In Wards, (An...

      " Ana I will war , at least in wards , ( And—should my chance so hap pen—deeds , ) mth all who war with Thought V I think I bear a little bird , whosing-_ he people Dyana by will kethe stronger . —Bnon

      REVELATIONS OF RUSSIA . KO . XI . The following is the reputed strength of the JtUSSIAS _ njT _ BT FORCES . T « sb « vf th * military force of the Ruisitn empire , _ iit « aid to stand at present embodied , consists of : — m . ot tan . ISPAJWaT . 1 st , 2 ad , 3 rd , 4 th , 6 th , and 6 th corps , consisting each of 3 divisions , of 4 regiments each , each regiment composed of 7 battalions , 4 of which are effective , numbering 1000 men . ___> 2 S 3 battalions of 72 regiments of the line

      , ia the active army ... •¦• ••« 288 , 008 Two reserve corps , composed of the 5 th and 6 th . battalions oi 73 regiments of the line , numhering . on the peace establishment , 500 men each , 1 « battalions ... ... ... 72 , 000 Depot battalions of 72 regiments . „ ... 36 , Garrison corps and sappers and miners , 60 battalions ... ... ... ... 60 , 00 } Infantry of the imperial guards , 12 regiments , at 3 battaliens each , and 4 battalions of sappers , miners , rifles . _ veterans , 40 battalions 40 , 000 Infantry of the grenadier regiments , 12 regiments , 4 battalion , each ... ... 43 , 000

      SPECIAL COBfg . Infantry of tbe Caucasus , 12 regimonts 43 . 000 „ ofOrenburg 4 „ ... 16 , 000 „ of Siberia 4 „ ... 16 . 00 * „ of Finland 4 „ ... 16 , 000 Regiment of instruction , model corps , and cadet corps 30 , 000 Total of infantry on the peace establishment 624 , HEGT 7 I . 1 I C . V . SXBT . -

      21 ref iments of cavalry attached to the sis active corps of the line . 24 regiments of cavalry of reserve . 12 regiments » f cavalry of the guards . 12 regiments of cavalry of the grenadier corps . 2 regiments—Caucasian dragoon , and model regiments . These 74 regiments , at 9 squadrons each , at 169 men per squadron , give us 1440 men per regiment , and a consequent cavalry force of 103 , 630

      ABTn . LZ & T AND -QtGUSXEB COKM . Seported to employ ... ... ... 55 , 000 The field artillery comprises—Flying artillery , 50 batteries , or 400 gunsviz . 6 in the guard and grenadier corps . 12 in the 6 armies of the line . 12 in the reserve cavalry . 10 attached to tbe local battalions . 10 of Don Cessacs and Asiatic governments . Tield artillery , 165 batteries , or 1320 guns—via . 90 attached to the line . 27 to the corps ef reserve . 43 to the frontier atmieS of the Caucasus , Slblria , and Finland .

      I-HEGCLAR BOBJE . _ re _ ime _ tsofCoss . es ... — 1 Sregiments of Baslriri , at SOO men peri- 116 , 800 regiment ... ... ... ) , 8 regiments of Kirguise , at 1600 men per regiment , auxiliaries , Turcomans , Kuzzilbashes , & c 20 , 000 Irregular cavalry ... ... 136 , 800

      THE HIUT-BT COIOKFES . The military colonies -were reported , in 1839 , to consist of 360 . 000 males , divided into seven classes , of which four are armed , mounted , and equipped , as recruits , soldiers , or veterans . Their real force , as elsewhere stated , is uncertain ; but there is reason to believe that it is not less than 1836 , in which it comprised twenty regiments of cavalry . About 12 , 000 males famish a cavalry regiment ; its active force composed of men embodied for fifteen years , forms a regular regiment of 1200 men ; its mounted reserres and veterans amount to SO 00 more . "We have thus 4200 men per regiment ... ... ... 84 , 009 As it stands on paper , the military force of the Bus . 3 ian empire is therefore somewhat as follows ;—

      624 , 000 infantry . 103 . 000 regular cavalry . 135 , 000 irregular ditto . 55 , 000 artillery and engineers . 130 , 000 miscellaneous force , comprising regiments of military colonies , gendarmerie , district companies , horse and foot , custom-house pa-¦ trols , soldiers' children , & c . Total 1 , 057 , 000 men : supposed to be armed , disciplined , and organised , on the peace establishment . To these , on the first signal of war , must be added 500 men to each of the 5 th and 6 th , or reserve battalions of the 72 regiments of the line , or 72 , 000 men ; but these are , on-y designated and liable , and jet undisciplined .

      These statements are only approximate to those officially given by the war-office , which itself is in' the dark as to the real number of men it has under arms , besides being solicitous to conceal what it does not know with certainty . The opinion of an officer long employed in this department supposed the force in reality under arms , to . aiount , in round numbers , to 450 , 000 infantry . 85 . 000 regular cavalry . 50 000 artillery and engineers . 100 , 000 irregular cavalry . 100 , 010 military ^ colonies and miscellaneous ¦ force . Total , 785 , 000 including all reserves , veteran , and invalids .

      This immense force is at the command , and entirely subject to tbe will ol adespot , who not content with preserving the system of absolutism , which enables him to play the part of an almighty master -within the boundaries of the Russian empire , also aims at the extension of that system over Europe and Ada . Was this f orce really as formidable as upon paper It appears , it would be high time that the nations prepared for a struggle for their very existence—to say nothing of freedom , against the

      everencroaching power which threatens them . This Idol of brass has , however , only feet of clay . It is by fraud rather than force , that the Russian despotism achieves its advances . Tbe nations fear the -power of Russia , and Russia , taking advantage of this fear , extends her domination over the trembling nations . A rigid inquiry into the military resources of Russia proves , that opposed to England or France , Russia , unless supported by one of those powers in her contest with the other , must succumb .

      Extracts from this work , which have already appeared in this journal , will have shown our readers tiie vast inferiority of the Russian soldier to the soldier of Western Europe . He lias one grand quality—that of steadiness , te which we should add , of -course , a blind and devoted submission to the -commands of his officers ; but , in bravery , and endurance of hardship , ihe Russian soldier cannot be at all compared with the British soldier . The Cossacks are an exception . Almost torn i _ tne saddle , from boyhood constantly on horseback , undoubtedly _ rave , capable of subsisting on the smallest

      -quantity of food , ef unsettled disposition , caring nothing for " country , " * and only intent upon war ¦ as a means of plunder , they form in their peculiar vocation , that of extending the Russian conquests in Asia—the main strength of the Russian military ^ ower—and are irresistible when opposed to Tartars , and similar -semi-savages ; their only unconquerable opponents being the Circassians , and other tribes of the Caucasus . But even these brave barbarians would be no match for tbe forces of Western Eoroje ; they might ravage a country , but could never conquer an empire such as France or England .

      RUSSIAN POUCT . It has been mors than once repeated in the preceding pages , that the Russian policy is governed not by the interest of a nation , or even a portion of a nation , but by - that of a family , and therefoie it can never be expected - that the national interest should be attended to , where not identified with it . But even where these interests are identified , it does not always follow that they are attended to . There are the personal feelings of the autocrat , the gratification of his individual ambition , to interfere with them . He is tempted to he impatient and premature , because the life of the man is limited , and he cannot resist tha lure of present success and aggrandizement , although at the expense of greater and more certain advantages , which might only accrue to his family in another generation .

      Thus the extraordinary and oppressive outlay which is occasioned by the maintenance of the colossal military force of Russia , is not calculated to advance in the best manner either the interests of the country , or of the house of Romanoff , whether we view them in the improvement of the empire , oria its extension , or in both . This reall y exhausting and weakening show of strength is icpt up to influence and orcraire its neighbours . Sacked by it , the Russian policy makes some immediate progress and conquests , which satisfy the ambition of the emperor , and he may reconcile the unequal sacrifice of the future to the present , by the reflection that he is

      " Ana I Will War, At Least In Wards, (An...

      watchful and riady to profit by the events which tbe chapter of accidents may throw in his way . The real strength of Russia , if , "turning j , er swords into ploughshares , " she would fill her coffers , whenever routed to action , would lie in twenty millions of Muscovite peasants , from wham she could draw any number required of such soldiers as we have described ; as it is , ihe wants both officers to command them and funds to set large armies in motion , and if she possessed the funds , a class to whom she could entrust the proper application of them . This class she has yet to form , bicause it does not exist within her dominions .

      The author of tho " Revelations" maintains , that the Russian despotism is no longer so formidable as it was . The Russian soldier is degenerated , and is no longer what he was when led by Suwarrow against Poland and the West . In support of bis views , he traces tbe history of the Russian military from the battle of Pultava to the taking of Warsaw in the last Polish revolution , and shows , that ever since the close of the last great European war , the military strength of Russia has declined . The number of troops is greater than ever , but their capabilities are less . This he proves by an examination of the last war against Turkey , and the war against Poland .

      In the first of these wars , the Russians were victors not through their own bravery or capacity , but because they had to contend with an enemy still more degenerated than themselves . Of forty thousand men who crossed the Balkan with Diebitch , a third were lying sick a few weeks after . Of the troops drawn from the interior of Russia , and marched towards tbe Turkish frontier , one hundred and twenty thousand had melted away upon the road ; of those who entered the Turkish territory , in Europe and Asia , during the two campaigns , one hundred and fifty thousand perished from fatigue and pestilence and twenty five thousand by the sword .

      In conclusion , we shall quote at length onr author ' s comments and reflections on

      THB BUSSlAN WAR IN POLAND . The Polish revolution , in 1830 , next led to the invasion of Poland by an army of 130 , 000 Russians under Diebvtch Zabalkansky . At this time the predilection which Nicholas has always evinced for the Germans was so strong , that three-fourths of the chiefs of his forces , including Diebitch their commander , were Germans , and the names of Pohleu , Toll , Geismar , Sackrn , Budiger , Rosen , and many more , attested a partiality highly offensive to the Russians . The Poles , who were never able to muster above 30 , 000 regulars altogether , or more than 50 , 000 men , including every species of auxiliaries , upon one _«!_ , fought with characteristic gallantry ; at Q obie and Okouniew they retired , after a desperate resistance , before an immense numerical superiority . The battle of Wawre lasted tiro days ; after a sanguinary combat , both armies retained their positions , though tbe Russians had 70 , 000 men upon the field against 15 , 000 of their adversaries .

      The Russian army was now increased to 200 , 001 men , besides reserre corps , which placed these effectively at tbe disposal of Diebitcn . At Seroczyn , Geismar was defeated by Dwernicki , and at the battle of Grochow , victory seemed at first to declare for the Russians ; for a moment , it was supposed that Diebitch would have taken possession of Prag * , the suburb of the capital , but after ft dQSper . lte ttruggle , he was repulsed and forced to retire . Geismar and Rosen were defeated by Skrzynecki before Warsaw with considerable loss , and again at Kostrzyn , and at Inganie . After many such indecisive affairs , we find the Poles defeated at Ostrolenka , and obliged to retreat on Warsaw ; but , notwithstanding , Diebitch could effect nothing decisiv « , till death , either by poison , or from natural causes , removed him from the scene of strife , and Paskevitch , the favourite of the Muscovite party , took the command .

      The Poles , who bad lost the flower at their army in successive battles , who were disunited among themselves , and without confidence in their leaders , after the battle of Warsaw , were forced to yield to the overwhelming numbers of the Russian army , and the boldness and skill displayed by its new leader . Unhappy Poland was again erased from the list of independent nations—her children reduced to slaver ; , except those few whose miserable exile still excites the compassion , as their conduct excited the admiration , of the world . But what , let ns ask , would these modern Russian armies , which , notwithstanding all these advantagts , had so much difficulty in subduing the Poles , have done , had their numbers been reduced to those of Snwarrow ' s forces , or had they had a Kosciusko to contend with !

      From the retrospection of tbe military annals of thii ambitions power , amidst tbe accounts of fearful waste of human life , we may thus deduce this consoling fact , that the armies of Russia are no longer what they were , and that if they are still to be dreaded , they have grown no stronger as they have increased in size , but rather the reverse , like a venomous plant in tbt close air of a hothouse , where its sudden growth has only weakened the amount of its poison .

      Colonial Anfc Fovtiun Famlismit,

      Colonial anfc fovtiun faMlismit ,

      Cape Of Good Hope. The Kaffir Wab.—The M...

      CAPE OF GOOD HOPE . The Kaffir Wab . —The Maria Somes , transport vessel , has arrived at Portsmouth , with Uape of Good Hope journals on the 4 th of August inclusive . ( From the Graham ' s Town Journal of July 13 . ) Summary for the Week . —The information which has reached the colony from the colonial forces across tbe boundary is meagre , and as far as it goes not very satisfactory . The troops were in motion ; but it would appear that from the long delay that has taken place , the Kaffirs have had ample time to vacate the country , and to drive the tine herds of cattle

      they have swept from tbe colony far into the interior . Thousands of oxen and cows and horses , it is said , have passed the Kei , and to which point it will give our troops some trouble to follow them . The balance of a . count on the week , as far as we have information , is all in favour of the Kaffirs . While our troops have been toiling through the Kaffir country , encumbered with 250 waggons , without meeting with an enemy , or a single head of cattle , the Caffirs have made a dash into the colony , and , impoverished as it is , have swept off at least 600 head , besides a good many horses , the larger proportion within a circuit of ten miles of Graham ' s Town .

      ( From the same of July 25 . ) Tbe aspect ef affairs has not materially changed since the date of oar last . No serious disaster has occurred , while , on tbe other hand , nothing has transpired on which we can congratulate the colony . This frontier is still infested by tbe enemy , but , from all we can gather , in very small scattered parties , and which lurking the rugged busby kloofs , watching for opportunity to spring upon the unguarded herd , and to carry off any stock which can be seized without any great personal risk . In tho mean time , precious time is fast wasting . By the delay which

      has already taken place , the colonial forces , at the commencement of the campaign , are in a far more crippled state than they ought to have been , under good management , at the close of it . Thousands of horses and draft oxen is the field are utterly unlit foe service , worn down with bard work and want of food * From the information received from the north and north-eartern boundary , affairs in that direction are not more cheerful than in our immediate front . The Tombookies , under Mapassa , are , it is said , fully prepared to take the field , and will muster , it is supposed , from 1 , 560 to 2 , 000 men .

      THE WEST INDIES . The news from the West India islands is not of great moment . Tbe colonists , although they were somewhat prepared for the event , received the information of tbe passing of the Sugar Duties Bill with great discontent ; and most of the papers are loud in invictives against the Home Government for passing such a measure ; many of the merehantsgo so far as to assert that the result will be absolute ruin to them , and to the future prospects of the island . At Grenada , on the 6 th of September , a very severe shock of earthquake was felt on shore . The shipping in harbour , however , was not affected .

      FRANCE . TAB BREAD RIOTS have continued in Paris and elsewhere . On Thursday eveningjthe assemblage in the Quartier San Antoine became again so numerous along the whole of the Rue du Faubourg and the adjacent streets . Troops of the line , horse and foot municipal guards , sergens de ville , and police officers in plain clothes , marched simultaneously into tbe Place du Troneand the Place de la Bastille . On their way they were hooted , and in some instances pelted . They charged on the people , some of whom tookrefuge in the house No , 45 , which was immediately sorrounded by the

      armed force , and several of the rioters , all young persons were arrested . By ten o'clock the disturber , were entirely dispersed , and all remained quiet throughout the night . On Friday evening the riots were renewed . Some lamps were broken , and some stones were thro wn by the mob , but the Garde Municipal dispersed the rioters , after capturing several of them . When brought to the guardhouse , the prisoners were found to consist of mere boys and women . On Saturday evening an attempt was made to barricade some of the streets by upsetting omnibuses and carta , but the gend ' armes succeeded in preventing it .

      " We have unfortunately te record , " says the Constitutionnel , '' a new rise in the price of grain . Tbt general average price , which was in August 23 f . 95 c . per hectolitre , was in September 25 f . le ., showing an increase of If . 6 c . Last month we had already noticed an augmentation of If . 22 c . The rise extends to every market of France , with the exception ot those of Brittany , where it has not materially varied . It was most remarkable on the Upper and Lower Rhine , where it exceeds 2 Jf ., the hectolitre costing upwards of 30 f . Its price in the western departments was only 20 f . T 2 c " Tlieretave . been some attempts at ml at §&•

      Cape Of Good Hope. The Kaffir Wab.—The M...

      Omer ,. in consequence of the injunction against the Natiofiaa Guards carrying their arms at the inauguration ef the statue of tie Duke © f Orleans- Ihe authorities have been assailed with hootings , hisses , ana * outcries , among which were—Death to tyrants ! Bread at fire sous ! The Marseillaise was sung , and several windows broken . But the troops were called out , and the rioters were dispersed . All the Spanish refugees , Carlists as well as Progressists , are being removed from the frontiers , in order to be locked up in gaols and fortresses in the

      interior of the country . This extraordinary and unprecedentedly severe measure excites the most profound disgust in the minds of all liberal Frenchmen . General Polo , brother-in-law to Cabrera , his aidede-camp Chincilla , and another superior officer of the old Carlist army of Arragon , have been arrested within the last few days at Carpentras . Two other Spanish refugees , Abbe Masanas and M . Colei , have also been arrested at Avignon . Lord Normanby delivered to M . Guizot on Monday a copy of the second protest presented by Mr . Bulwer to the Spanish Cabinet .

      The Courrier Francois states , it was reported in Malaga that Abd-el-Kader had dethroned the Emperor of Morocco .

      SPAIN . Persecution of the Press . —The Eco del Comercio and Etpectador did not appear on fthe 29 th of September . The Eco has been suspended , having been fined fifty thousand reals on the 23 th , by sentence of one of the new government tribunals , and although there is a power of appeal , the political chief has refused to allow the journal to go on until the appeal is decided on , and has ordered its suspension until the money ( £ 500 ) nnd costs are paid . This is , moreover , only the first of sx prosecutions pending against

      the Eco for articles against the French marriage ; and what makes the injustice of the proceedings the more flagrant is , that the article for -which it is now fined was never published to the public , the number having been seized before any copies bad been distributed , so that the press here is worse off than ever ; it has a previous censorship , and it is liable to prosecution and fine for the very number which the censors will not allow to appear . A fine of £ 500 for a Spanish newspaper is almost a sentence of annihilation .

      To prove still further the sincerity of the Cabinet respecting the " new era of happiness , " & c ., several arrests were made on the night of the 28 th ult ., on what charges is not known . Here is another example of the liberty of the press in Spain I A Barcelona journal had an article written on the marriage question , which did not please General Breton , the dictator of Barcelona . He sent for the editors , and having the article read from the proof sheets , began to abuse them . The editors endeavoured to excuse themselves . " Ilold your tongue ( said he ); tear up those proof sheets if you have no desire to be shot without delay . At Madrid they do as they like , but in Catalonia it is I who command . The Duke de Montpensier shall marry the Infanta , since he has not married the Queen . Begone , and bear in mind that the acts of Breton respond to his words . "

      A Carlist Junta has issued a proclamation from which we give tbe following extracts : — " Basques and Navarrese—The revolution , involved in the chaos of its fatal measures , urges us on towards the abyss in which it hopes to bury your liberties , rights , and privileges—those precious gifts derived from the virtue and heroism of your ancestors * * The tributary system , the offsprinu of error and misconduct , is about to plunge you in tho most abject state of poverty . Tour sons and your brothers , torn from the hearths by the Quinta , arc about to swell the ranks of your oppressors . The disloyal and anti-national banner unfurled within your provinces is a perfidious snare to deprive you of the most vigorous of your youth . . The extraction of salt , the culture and preparation of tobacco , the free

      exercise of your industry and commerce , are about to be abolished by a stroke of the pen . Your forests , which have hitherto given you such rich profits , are quickly destined to pass into the power of your rapacious governors , not to be applied for the benefit of your country ; in short you will seeyourselves deprived of your deputations , which constitute your power and the wisdom of your legislation . You will no longer have those fathers ot the provinces who represent your rights and defend your interests . Allyour prosperity is about to vanish for ever . You will know by experience what credit ought to be given to those deceitful promises of peace and liberty . Soon will you experience the results of your generous but imprudent confidence , if you [ do ' not -Iiasten to throw off the yoke which is attempted to be imposed upon

      you . Basques and Navarres ! at the wards " Laura ebat" let the four provinces rise like a single man ! Come , fly to enlist under the banner of your lawful Prince , whose sovereignty is the representation of your liberties , your wealth and prosperity ; of the august young Prince , the prisoner of Bourgeg , whose paternal and beneficial sentiments you know . * * * Charles Louis is not a despot , the antagonist of progress and of sound liberty , as his enemies have asserted . This youthful Prince an eixle from his most tender years , has learned to govern in the school of misfortune ; in it he has studied the wants of his generation and the means of satisfying them in conformity with duty and justice . * * *

      Long live the King ! True liberty for ever ! Long live our ancient Constitutions ! . Long live our Fueros . ' ( Signed ) " The Provisional Junta of the Basque Provinces and Navakre . " Camp of Honour and True Liberty , at the foot of the Pyrenees , Sept . 14 , 1 S 46 , " A letter from Palma . Majorca , says that the polical chief sent for the editor of the Genio de la Libetrad , a daily paper of that place , on the 20 th inst ., and warned him from that day forwards he would , not be allowed to publish any article , or to copy anything from any other paper , against the Montpensier marriage ; and the journal above mentioned of the 21 st contains a declaration to that effect , and that consequently , yielding to necessity , it is compelled to ab ' stain from publishing anything on the subject .

      ITALY Rome . —Project op a Constitution . —We find the following in a letter from Leghorn , 24 th ult : — " The general subject of conversation here is the constitution which is to be granted to the Pope at the beginning of November . It will comprise provincial councils , with the principle of election , and a consultative senate to be assembled at Rome every two years . It is still said that the National Guard will be organised at Rome , where the Civica already exist , and will be re-established in the provinces , where it ceased to exist in 1832 , As to the secularisation of the higher government offices , it is believed that this measure will not yet be carried , on account of the opposition which it meets with . It is , however , added , that Cardinal Gizzi Secretary of State , will , in all cases , nominate as governors of provinces . Cardinals who are favourable to the new system , as are Arnat and Ciachi , who are destined

      far the Legations of Nologna and Forli ; and Fieschi and Altieri , who are said to be inimical to Austria , are destined for the Legations of Ferraraand Ravenna , the two countries which come nearest in contact with , the Austrian dominions . According to a letter from Rome in the Courrier de Marseilles , there may be added to the above nominations that of Savelli , to the Legation of Urbino and Pessaro . Monsignor Rossi , legate at Anconn , has been dismissed , and sent to the Convent of the Mission , to await the issue of the inquiry which the government has instituted into his conduct . Monsignor Grassilini has been sent to fill his piace . A great many subordinate officers have been dismissed from the government offices . The correspondent of the Courrier de Marsmlles confirms the news of the formation of a National Uuardat Rome , stating the intended number at 4 , 000 ; and also an analogus organisation in the provinces .

      POLAND . The following is given in the German papers : — "During the last visit of the Emperor of Russia to Warsaw , a Polish deputation , among whom thert were some nobles of Galicia and Poland , waited on his Majesty . All agreed in making tlie same proposals , namely , alluding to a general brotherly union , which should unite all the Sclavonian race in opposition to Germany . The Emperor is said most positively to have rejected , with evident disgust , the unexpected proposal , and especially to have said , in respect to the bond of brotherly anion , that it was quite new to him ; for that he had , indeed , heard of the hatred existing between the Russians and the Poles , but never of any reciprocal affection . Affection bad , indeed , been manifested for the Poles , iu full measure , on the part of the Government , but that it had been of no avail , * and , therefore , no alternative remained than to let justice and rigour take the place of favour and indulgence .

      UNITED STATES AND MEXICO . The packet . _ hip Yorkshire , arrived at Liverpool on Wednesday . The result of Santa Anna ' s return to the government of Mexico upon the relations of tlie country with the United States , would appear to remain still entirely doubtful . m The tone of tlie American journals would seem to indicate , however , a less confident belief that pacific effects were to follow . Tjhe details received from the United States force in Cahahuila possess considarable interest . Tbe utmost activity prevailed at Camargo in tlie despatch of the troops en route to the interior . All the

      regulars , with the exception of one regiment had left the depOt ; and General Taylor , according to the latest despatches received at Washington , expected to make a further advance with the volunteers by the 1 st of September at the latest . General Wallis ' s brigade had left on the 22 nd of August , with orders to advance towards Monterey as far as the village of China , and to remain there until further advised . The reports made to General Taylor as regards the state of the roads were very unfavourable . Colonel Hays , who with his regiment and successively visited the towns San Fernando and China , lying in the route , returned , on the 20 th of Aug ust to

      Cape Of Good Hope. The Kaffir Wab.—The M...

      Camargo , and repoi ted to the Commander-in-Chief , that the advancing \ roops , baggage , Ae ., would encounter many diffieu 'ties , and the men Mperience great fatigue , from tl > " e rugged nature of the ground over which the route : lay . Nothing like a military road , or one affordingci wy transit lor armed bodies , from Camargotrt Monte . -ey , indeed , existed . From San Fernando to China ' i * distance of 100 miles , Colonel Hays | found the roat . ' exceedingly uneven , and occasionally precipitous , t -scending and descending , a _ ' Ick , y ct >™ red witil J « ngle and chaparral , and brushwood interlat ins , so as to render the pioneers labour indispensabi ' e . During his march , he had visited all the rnnchos ot' farms which studied the country in profusion , b ut the most profound tranquillity reigned througlio . it .

      Ihe accounts with regard ' . to the Mexican forcestill remain indefinite and meagre . A report was in circulation at Matamoros that . • party of American adventurers had taken possessioi i of Monterey without encountering resistance . From other quarters in thoMt'xican frontier the accounts published in tbe newspapers are-of no moment . The advices received from St . Louis , howover , express fears that General Kearney ' s eomm and would fall short ofauppliea . Tliolnth ' ans were carrying on a system of depredations upim the traders . It is stated in some of the letters published 1 in tbe journals that they had offered their services to the Mexican commandant at Santa Fe . to harass the army . This statement has not sines been confirmed .

      We learn from St . Louis that two Mormon spies had been shot by the anti-Mormon mob ot Nauvooi This , it is feared , is the commencement of a sanguinary conflict between these factions . From Canada we have accounts to the I 4 th ufo They are entirely unimportant . We take the following from Young America , ol September 12 lh : —

      CALIFORNIA AND A NATIONAL DEBT . Is it not time that this California farce were ended ? Do the government men really mean to impose upon the people the expense of sending Stevenson's mongrel expedition to California ? Will they dare to shoot the man they have sentenced to death by a mock court-martial , and are they really in earnest in drivinr from their native . State , and their friends , a thousand poor lacklanders who enlisted , merely because , being denied their right in the soil , they were in need ? Every day some of these young : men ,. thus despoiled of their birthright and entrapped by a few popinjay swindlers , are applying to the law for relief from their unjust imprisonment , and the last application ( that of John Cooke ) was on the ground that the whole organization of Stevenson ' s pretended regiment is-illegal , which all who heard

      General Sutherland ' s argument , and tha Quibbling of the judge ( Edmonds ) must be satisfied is the case . The very point at issue the judge excluded from the argument , contending that he had no right to inquire into the authority of the man who pretends to be commander of the regiment ; thus , in effect , authorizing any adventurer to entrap and kidnap our citizens with impunity . In answer to the counsel ' s appeal to the law , to prevent militia men from being taken out of the State , "These men . " said the judge , " are not out of the State . " So Stevenson may be on his way to California before the law can be operative , according to Judge Edmonds . It certainly does appear that the people ' s rights would be more secure under a judge elected by themselves , than nn ^ er one appoint ed through party influence . This California business seems to bo a regular Speculation .

      If the government persist in such spuandering , outlandish schemes as this California expedition , what Can We conclude , but that the powers of Washington are covertly in favour of the policy boldly avowd by the Courier and Enquirer in speaking of the Mexican War , as follows : — "Under anv circumstances we look forward to a large NATIONAL DEBT ; and if the whole affair should be brought to a close , and California and Northern Mexico be annexed with a well defined boundary to the shores of the Pacific . ^ we shall not regret the amount of the debt . Experience has shown that a national debt to us is no injury . All our difficulties have arisen since the payment of the last debt ; and if , as all will admit , stability in our legislation be all important for our prosperity , a national debt is doubtless necessary . Give us a national debt of a hundred and fifty millions , and

      the wants of the Treasure will insure us a stable tariff for revenue , which will give us all the protection that can be desired ; not the tariff of 1 S 42 , but one of a'discriminating character , based upon specific duties and minimus , with the rate of duties but little if any higher than the new tariff of Mr . Walker . Such a tariff permanently established , would be worth to the country all of a hundred and fifty millions ; and we , therefore , look forward to better times and to greater national prosperity , growing out of this war with Mexico and the debt it will leave upon the country . It is death to all frei- trade notions and to the present tariff ; and as tho money is spentanjongour own citizens , we do not see how the continuation of this war can in any way affect the national prosperity or injure the money market and business generally . Ultimately it will do good in the manner we have mentioned , and we arc willing to permit the administration to have its own way . "

      Jtom'oat Jmtstellant)

      jTom ' oat jMtstellant )

      The Piiess In Germany.—A Report Is Circu...

      The Piiess in Germany . —A report is circulated here that three journals , two published in Baden and one in Saxony , will shortly be prohibited by a resolution of the Diet . Rights op Women . —Among the petitions lately presented to the Grand Council of Berne , is one from the females of Oberland , Seeland , and Brienne , praying that they may be admitted to onjoy the same rights as those who are now called their lords and masters . — Galignani .

      Corosttwitinmce

      Corosttwitinmce

      " 0'Connoitism. To Tiie Editor Of The No...

      " 0 'CONNOItISM . TO TIIE EDITOR OF THE NOBTUEBN STAB , Dear Sir , —Permit me to make a few remarks in reference to a letter which appeared in your valuable journal of last Saturday , signed It . Otley , and headed , "How to get the Charter . " The subject of the said letter is worthy of notice , and is good , if practically carried out , but could not our "English" friend have expressed his views without adding , "I am not , nor never was , nor erer will be , an O'Connorite . " Now , in the

      name of common sense , what has O'Connorism to do with Mr . Otley when losing his plans before the public . J hope thatjthe next time we bear of him he will hare lost the old Whig fudge about" O'Connorism man worship , " for such stuff stinks in the nostrils of the people . Where is there a man that has given birth to nobler sentiments , social and political , than Ernest J . ^ ies . Does any one ever hear him contaminate his lips with the rubbish that he ' s not an O'Counorile man worshipper , anil all the rest of the old sickly Whig cant ! Hoping that you will give this a corner in your next .

      I remain , your ' s respectfully , G . Cavill . An ardent admirer of the O'Connor policj 33 , Queen Street , Slieflield , October oi . li , 1346 .

      ¦"»¦ Capabilities Of The Land. To Tue Ed...

      ¦ " »¦ CAPABILITIES OF THE LAND . TO TUE EDITOR Oi THE NORTHERN STAR , Sin , —As I am one of those extrmiely anxious to receive , and impart information upon all subjects connected with the well-being of my working brethren , and as the capabilitiefcof the Land , is a subject of great importance , and one upon which ft variety of opinions are atloat in this country , and as I conceive a few facts founded upon practical experiment proving the capabilities of the soil , when properly cultivated , are more valuable than n thou , sand mere assertions , I therefore , without any more preface , submit the following for the perusal and consideration of the readers of your truly valuable and democratic journal .

      On Wednesday evening last , while in the house of Mr . Bailie Brown , one of the members of the Land Society , and as thorough . goiug , nnd zealous a Chartist , as any in the world , I was paid a \ isitby one of the working men of this village of Newmilns , Ayrshire , who informed me that he had what is termed in Scotland " a Fall of Land , " equal in length and breadth to our English Sta . tute Rod , and for which he paid Dd . per year rent , or at the rate o ( £ G 0 s . Od . per acre , "lid that in May last , he set it upon Mr . O'Connor ' s system , with 81 common cabbage plants which he purchased in the Kilmarnock market , and the result was even beyond the most sanguine expectations , for ho found , upon a careful examination , that each cahbage averaged 12 Jibs weight , or in the a _ . gregate 1012 ilbs .

      Tha way in which he arrived at the above average was as follows ;—He took a number indiscriminately and weighed them , and found they run from ten to sixteen pounds weight , therefore ho full justified at uomillE to the conclusion , that he would not at all events t » over the mark in striking the average at l . ilbs . Perhaps it may not be unnocessary here to ascertain how many pounds weight he would have had , provided he was in possession of an acr » of Innd , and set the Whole of it with cabbage plants upon Mr . O'Connor's Small Farm System , and that from each J ? nil , or Hod , were raisod ! 012 £ lbs . There are , I believe , 1 GO rods in a statute acre of land , so that if you multiply KjP , by lOWJlbs ., the produce ol one rod , you will have a * . 0 tul of ltii . ODOlbs . of cabbages , or eighty-one tons fror . un acre of land .

      It may be said , tlw ' , j 8 impossible that anything of thekiri'l could , or « Canbe done . My answer is , tlie individual is by me v , . - , ie i am writing—be has empowered mo to make his v ame public , and lie says he can prove to the satisfaction 0 r any man open to reason and figures , Hint what 1 } mve written above is as true as that tin ; sun shinas ' at nu , rjdian , and consequen tly there can be no just r ounulltion for doubt upon the subject . The truth is , f le n „ um ueing correct , spunk for themselves . Thoiiid- lVi ( luaf . name is Itichard Morton , by trade a weaver and at „ resent re 5 ides in this village . Now , it

      ¦"»¦ Capabilities Of The Land. To Tue Ed...

      may not be amiss to observe , that the immortal Cobbett has stated that one quarter an acre of land properly cul - tivated will keep a cow , and proves that he would give tier from that quantity 901 bs . of vegetable food per day . Taking Cobbett ' s statement to be correct ( and I have no reason to doubt it ) , you will perceive that our friend has far outstripped him ; for if you allow four eows lOOIbs . of vegetable food each per day , and then divide those 400 into lfl 2 , 0001 bs ., the produce of an acre of land , you will find that they go 405 times ; so that one acre of land , producing at the rate of our friend Morton ' s , will give to four cows 4 Q 01 bs . of vegetable food per day , for 405 days , and that too bear in mind from one crop . Now let us see what might be the probable value of this crop of cabbages .

      It is not too much I am sure to estimate the cost of keeping a cow at Is . per day , or , in other words , the value of lOOIbs . of cabbages ( the quantity allowed according to tbe produce of our friend Morton ' s land ) at Is . being leas than a half farthing per pound . Now Jour hundred and five Shillings will amount to £ 20 as ., nnd four times that sum , the cost of keeping four cows fiir four hunoVed and five days , will make an aggregate of £ 91 ; or , if yoa » like it better , suppose we valuo tho cabbages at £ l per-ton , it will still be the same , and I am tolerably certain-1 am below the average market ralue , whether you take London , Manchester , Liverpool , or , in ftot ,. any large town in England or ScotJa » d . In London I am- confident eucH' cabbage weighing twelve pounds anc " a half would sell at ? 3 d ., therefore 8-1 eould come to £ 1 8 s . 3 d ., and 160 times £ 1 0 s . 3 d . amourrts exactly to £ 163 ; & r course the-crop would not be so valuable hen , and therefore I only estimate it at one-half .

      I wiMi now state the-oost of labour , , seed , manure , and rent , for the rod of lane ) , as given tiy me by Mr , Morton himself ;— 9 . d . Labou-, delving twice-and hoeing-Dnce 0 tf 81 pla » t » at 6 J . the long hundred .,,. 0 4 One-thferd of a square yard of the best w * w manure ,. — . ... _ . j ? q ? Rent of iand 0 0

      Total ... 2- - 7 £ . s . d . ICO rods , or eae acre , at 2 s . 73 . par rod 20 ' 13- i < Value of the erop ,. 81 0 0 Deduct ,.. , „ 2018 : 4 . Leaves ant * profit upon ths acre of fiO 6 ' 8-Having shown the capability of the Land when properly cultivated in © ae instance , I will proceed to another —Thomas Gilchrist , farmer , residing at Knevoclaw ,. near Darvnl , in the county of Ayr , produccd'a crop of carrots from a quarter of an aere of land in the-year I 844-, which brought him in £ 30 . Tery likely some gentlemen ,. big to bursting with a knowledge of the Land , will say " -Nonsense , it could not be done . " Ah , Sir ; but I'll proven ) tho possibility of a reasonable doubt , by informing those sage persons that the individual ( I mean-Mr . Gilchrist ) and others are . prepared to prove the truth of what I have stated if called upon ' to da so .

      The quantity of stones weight of carrsts- produced ,. are as follows : — There are 40 rods in a rood of land , and each rod produced 30 stones , and 40 times 30 , are according to Cocker , and he was a celebrated Arithmetician . 3 ,-00 ; and T . 200 stones at 6 d . per stane , the selling price at that time , will exactly amount to £ 00 . He paid for labour , seed , manure , and rent ,, the follow ing sums : — £ s d Labour , Is . per rod . , , 2 00 Seed—Sits , at 4 s . the lb . , 1 0 ' 0-Manure—13 loads , at 3 s . the , load . 1 19 0 Rent of Land— . . , 0 13 0 Total cost— . . - . 5 14 0 Amount of produce . . , 30 0 0-Cost of production— , . . 5 14 6

      Net profit— 24 fr 6 So much Mr . Editor at present upon the capabilities of the Land , at some future period I shall be enabled to give my broiher Chartists a few more facts that will both surprise and please them upon tbe same subject . In the interim permit me to subscribe myself , Yours sincerely , Christopher Doile . P . S . —Mr . Morton is not like some men who have profited by Mr . O'Connor ' s system , and will not acknowltd . c the c . ' «»! . or , on the contrary , he feels proud to give the name of his instructor , end heartily thanks him , not only for the benefit Mr . O'Connor has conferred upon him individually , but upon the whole of society . Newmilnes , Saturday , October 3 , 184 G .

      Messrs. Bell And Dixon. To Tue Editor Op...

      MESSRS . BELL AND DIXON . TO TUE EDITOR OP THE NORTHERS STAB . Sir . —Jn the Star of Saturday last , I find a letter from Win . Dixon , of Manchester , certain portions of which reflect upon my political character . From the tenor of Mr , D . 's letter my friends may be led to believe that I am Hot desirous of meeting him before the public . Since the Middleton camp meeting of which Mr . D . speaks , I have repeatedly written to him requesting him to meet me btforo the public of this town where I have been known from infancy , and prove the asser . Moris he made at tbe meeting above alluded to , I have also prevailed upon tbe Chartist council to write to address the same request .

      A few weeks a . so there was a public meeting in this town on the Ten Hours' Bill , Mr . Dixon attended , at the conclusion I sent a deputation to him requesting him to stay in the town until the following evening and meet me before the public to prove the charges he had made against me , this he refused to do , I afterwards sent tha same party accompanied by one of Jthe [ council , and they offered him seven shillings and sixpence for his expenses , if he would stay until the following ivcning , he still refused to do so , alleging as his reason that he hod put the matter into the hands of the South Lancashire council . To this arrangement I have never been asked to be a party . It is upwards of three months since Mr . D . thought proper to denounce me to a public meeting , during the whole of this time I hava buen willing to meet him .

      I have requested him to meet me in this town because be said at Middleton that be would do so at any time I thought proper , yet up to Jthe present time he has refused . 1 am at any time prepared to meet Mr . D . or any other man , who charges me with having- knowingly directly or indirectly received a siuule farthing of either Whig or Tory money for doing Whig or Tory work ; or that I have ever during the eight years that 1 have been an active member of the Chartist body , joined with any party that had for its object the merging the Charter into any less measure , William Belt ,. Mill Lane , Haywood , Oct . Cell , ISlfi .

      An Address To The Working Men Of Birming...

      AN ADDRESS TO THE WORKING MEN OF BIRMINGHAM , BY ONE OF T 11 E 1 II OWN ORDER . Felww Workmen , —Are you politically dead 1 or why are you slumbering in such apathy ? Do you know ther .-is such a place as the People ' s Hall , in Loveday-stveot , St . Mary's Square , which is intended for your moral and intellectual improvement i Bear in mind that the Hall belongs to no sector party , but is open to all , let their opinions bo what they may , so long as tln-y are strictly leg : il . It is enrolled as a Literary and Scientific Institution ; there is a good library to be at your command ; Instruction and Amusement Classes are now being formed to meet the wishes of all parties . Now the fact is , that there is but upwards of 400

      paidup shareholders instead ot 3000 , as was originally intended . Now , fellow workmen , this valunble pitce of building ia about to be taken out of our hands ; it is wor'h about £ 3 , 500 , and is mortgaged for _ 800 ; and if the intcrestis not P'lid iu a very short time , the mortgagee will sell it to pay himself , —and then yon will never have such a place again . The money that has been received has been laid out to bring it into teunantnblu use , fdVir as it is . If the present demand now made Is met , the Committee feel confident that th ^ y . shall be able , hi future , to carry it on without any further appeals to you , —only by helping to support the different classes that your taste or inclination may chose .

      Have you forgotten the time when you were hunted about by Blue Jackets and Bludgeons—Bits Goats oi « f Sabres ? because you were met quietly and peaceably to petition Parliament to redressyour manifold- grievaiifes- ; - —and so long as capital has the command over year labour , such things may , aad ere long will occur again . Now if you had had , at that time , a place of sour own like tho present one , wk-ere none rWe intrude without your leave , —where every man coulii say . this is ouroivu Hall , you have no right here ; it mould have prevented a great deal of trouble sorrow , and expense ;• beeause when men are goaded to madntss by opjttcssion ,, they often overstep tho btswds of reason .

      Now , think the roan of Birmingham will not let this nohtepiecoofBuiUingbe sacrificed , without making an effort to save it . "im Manihtster and other large towns in England , the geople have their H » lls ; and shall it be said that BiriVu 3 _ ham , where all the country were used to look too as Sheir guidi » g star , shall it be said that thoy arc sunk inUiinsignifieanee , and will not support their own order . The Committee have laboured excessively to bring it to . its present state , and they hope their efforts will be crowned with success . One word to the unpaid Shareholders , It was reported by former Committees , that if your shares were not paid in a given time , they would be forfeited ; theprusent Committee will meet every Tuesday and Thursday evening , from eight till ten o ' clock , at the Hall , to receive money from all unpaid shares , and grant new shorespayment jBl per share , at sixpence per ircek , or what more you like .

      Now , fellow workmen , I have put the thing in the plainest manner before you ; will you come forward aud assist ? for as sure ns night follows day . so sure will protected capital war with unprotected labour ! If the unpaid Shareholders will send in their names and residences , as many of them have removed , they can be waited upon by a person Appointed for that purpose . I remain , yonr ' s truly , John Jackson , ? ope-strect , A Shareholder .

      Solftt'fnttuffffiue

      SOlftt ' fnttUffffiue

      Bow-Stkeet. Rape. —On Monday, Three Youn...

      BOW-STKEET . Rape . —On Monday , three young men , between six . teen and seventeen years of age , named Charles Howard , William Lewis , and William Stewart , were charged by a girl named Clarissa Keyworth , aged blxteen , with having each committed a capital assault upon her person , fnnln ' n ' \ , teTnt ' lt « PPoared that she came up to London o „ the 30 th of September , and at one in the morning , when walking across Iligh . Btreet . St . Giles ' ,- , i ., 7 _ n ^ T " ^ IIoward ' ^ » s ' ' » i-s ** would take a walk with him . She consented , and he

      ? ! i , r rf rt ' Whwe th ° otl * P ' *™*™ Wned tliem , and there perpetrated the offence complained of . Her shrieks were not hewd for some time , but at length the police entered , and took two of tha prisoners into cmtody , and the other ( Howard ) the next day i „ Drurylana , who immediately said to the policeman , b-fore he was taken , " I suppose you thought I took the girl there . " Policeman 91 stated that he heird Stewart make use of most awful threats to the prosecutrix , un . less she submitted to his wishes . They were all fully committed to take their trial at the next sessions of tha Central Criminal Court ,

      LAMBETH . Lovers' Quarrels . —On Monday , James Griffiths , a determined looking fellow , was placed at the bar , on a charge of being found with loaded pistols in his possession , which it was suspected he intended to use impro . perly . He was apprehended in front of a beer shop , with a brace of pistols in his possession . One was loaded with powder , while tlie other had , in addition to powder , two nails ir * the charge . Miss Jane Hears , a rather pvetty-Iooking young woman , the daughter of the keeper of tho beer shop , before which the prisoner had been apprehended , said that she was well acquainted with the prisoner ; . in fact , he had , she said , been for some time paying his ndtlresses tu her , and they were still ' on

      such good terms that she could not think lie would arm bur . In reply to the- questions of the magistrate , tbe witness admitted that on Sunday last sho had had a alight quarrel with the prisoner , bnt it was not of such a nature that gRe had tnvy apprehension , upon her i art , that he intended doing her any mischief , The prisoner said that he could scarcely account for his carrying loaded pistols about him , bnt he had no intention to injure any person with them . He had bought the pistols the day before for 5 s ., and wa . < induced to make such a purchase frorw their extreme cheapness . Mr . Norton dii not think that the prisoner had given a satisfactory account for carrying a loniJed pistol about him , and he shaafd , therefore , hold him to- bail to he of good behavio-ur for six mnittlm .

      CLBBKENWELL . A Warning ; to Working Men . — A widow named Well' , living at 4 , Thomas-street ,. Belton-streit , St . George's in the East , applied for a summons against the Secretary and Treasurer of the United True Brothers Benelit Society , undrir the following circumstances : — The applicant stated that hevhnsband , who was a waitir , had been a member of ( he society for several years , : md punctually paid in the subscription nuney up to the time of his death , in . July last- According to the rules she was entitled to £ 12 ' then , for which she applied ; hut although she-made repeated applications , she could not j-eta fartbjog , and was reduced to the greatest distress . She had applied to Mr . Greenwood , who referred tlie matter to the Chief flsb *» , Mr . Duke . Mr . D » k > - said it

      was a , very hard ease indeed . There eould be no dotbt but the money was lawfully due . Hehad by the magistrate ' s order gone to- the secretary , endeavouring to get something for tlie poonroman , bat he refused to give any . satisfaction . The magistrates hail r * ferred thess matters very often to him , aud in many cases he found that whi're poor labouring men had been depositing their savings for years , they wero in the end cheated out of them , the greater part of the money being swallowed up by officers . There were four or five benefit societ ' es held in the public-houses in which this on « was , and the same two persons officiated as secretary and treasurer in each , The magistrate directed that the secretary and the treasurer to the society should be summoned before the court .

      HARYLEBONE . On Tuesday , Margaret Smith ww charged with having robbed John Ltrofrn , a countryman , of a silver watch . It appeared that on the previous night prosecutor was followed by the prisoner , when she endeavoured topersuada him to accompany her home ; he refused to yield to her entreaties , and at length she went awaj laughing . Soon sttorwards he missed his watch and seals , nnd being satisfied that the prisoner had stolen them , he ran after her , and coming up with her gave her in charge . The property "as not found upon her , but she promised , if let "o , to restore it in the morning . Committed for trial .

      WORSHIP-STKEET . A married woman , named Ann Sinner , the keeper of an eating-house , in Keate-street . Spitalticlds was charged with having stabbed a journeyman sliindresser , named Daniel Crawley , with a carving knife , whereby his life h .-is buen seriously endangered . Siirjennt King of till ! II division , stated that wh ie on duty in the above neighbourhood , at twelve o ' clock i-n Saturday night , he ( : ¦ ard a great disturbance in the prisoner ' s house , occasioned by a violent altercation between herself and her landlady , and afterwards saw tlie man Crawley , who had taken no part in tho quarrel , come staggering out with both his } . - ands clapped closely over his side , from which blood was pouring in great piofusion down bis clothes , and exclaiming that he had been stabbed to ihe heart ,

      Witness instantly ran to his assistance , and having applied his handkerchief to the wound to stop the hemorrhage , conveyed him into tho prisoner ' s shop , and on asking who had indicted the injury , he pointed at the prisoner , who was . standing behind the counter . Mr . Hart , the pnrisli surgi-on , was then sent for , who probed the wound , which he pronounced to be most probably mortal , and directed the man ' s immediate removal to the hospital . On reaching the station-house , where the charge was read over to her , the prisoner declared that Crawley had been sen ; to her house by her landlady te ill-use her , and that she considered she had a right to defend

      herself . On making inquiries at the hospital on Sunday morning , he was informed that the wounded man was not likely to survive the day , but he had slightly rallied since then , although he still continued in a very precarious condition . The Serjeant added , that subsequently to his removal to the hospital , Crawley positively denied having given the woman the slightest provocation at the lime . In her defence the prisoner said that Cranley had pulled her about in an improper manner , and the wound was accidently inflicted in her efforts to disengage herself from him . Mr . Urougbton ordered the prisoner to he remandud for a week , to await the result of the ma-. i ' i injuries .

      THAMES . The CnuRcnTAitD Nuisance . —On Tuesday , several of the parish authorities of St . George ' s in the East , wa tei upon Mr . Hallaittiiip , to request his advice under the lollowirig ; circumstances . There was a graveyard to tl a rear of the road in Cannon-street , abutting in Wa buryatreet , which was a source of great and general complaint to the inhabitants . It existed there for forty years , and was now so overcrowded , that coffins had to be smashed and bodies broken up to make room for new occupants . The effluvia Asm bodies decaying so Ue . 11 ' the surface

      produced a most dangerous miasmatic effect . The magistrate said he saw no remedy but by indicting the proprietors , or the parties who , by turning the bodies out of the earth , commit the nuisance . Mr . Staples ( a trustee ) — ' The scenes which occur there daily are horrid . Bones , with the flesh adhering to them , are dug out of the old graves . They are poked into holes opened near the grave , and afterwards removed , for 1 know not what purpose . Some were removed lnstnight , and tho effluvia was terrible . " Tlie parties withdrew with the inte . itioa of indicting the proprietors .

      SOUTHWARD . The Urs AMD Downs of Life . —On Tuesda - , E i a Jnrvis , the wifeot a merchant , late of Bush . lane . City , « as charged with making a very determined attempt upon her life , the preceding morning , at a coffee-house in the Waterloo-roud . A young woman , named Ueale , servant at the ooffeo'sbop , stated , that on Saturday wight 'he defendant came to her employer ' s house , and after fallingsome coffee , engaged a bed for the night . The follouimr morning she requested that her breakfast might be brought upstairs to her bedroom , and ordered with her coftee a slice of bacon , desiring that a knife nnd fork mig ht be provided . Her wishes were complied w th , and n Gonsiucrahle time having elapsed , „ ndshen » t coming down stairs , the landlord went up , and knocked at the

      bedroom door , informing her that it was getting late in the daj . The defendant answered in a feeble tone of voice , requesting that he would send the servant girl up to her , and the latter , on entering thu room , discovered the defendant lying on the bed , holding her right arm * from which the blood was flowing into a basin , on a chair by the bed fide . The knife which thoy sent up with tho bacon was lying close by , and from the marks of blood upon it , there was no d .-mbt it was nsei \ by the unfortunate woman to inflict a wound across her arm , but the blado being extremely blunt and jagged , was to be principally attributed the circumstance s > f her not having

      effected her object . As it was , however , a deep incision was inflicted across the inside of her arm , at the elbow . A medical man was immediately called ii .. , and he pronounced , that although a great deal of injury was done , still that it would not be attend * d with any dunger , and on being ahowu tlie hnife , he w » 3 of opinion tl at had it not been blunt , she would , in all probability , have destroyed herself . The evidence showed a melancholy accumulation of misfortunes which had become so great that the poor woman could not bear up against them . She , however , now regretted what she had doiii in her excited state , and would not attempt the like again . Mr . Seeker said that in tho defiiidant ' s condition of mind he

      could not take her own word , and that it was necessary she should find two suritie * of £ 10 each to be b » il for lier . The defendant , not being provided ivith tho required lurities , was committed , the ma , istrates giving directions that the case might be mentioned to the governor of the gaol , in order that due attention should he paid .

      MMILUOUOUGH-STKIIET . A P . m of llupi . FWB .-On Tuesday , Uanh-1 c « rty , na Dennis * Hums , two boys , were charged with having stolen a purse containing £ 7 10 s . in gold , and . on . e silver from Catherine Moody . The eomp . mnant , a motherly-looking Old hilly , said , on Tuesday last , as she wis p-issin- ' Gr .. froii . streer . she was induced to invest twopence in the purchase of walnuts , on the promise of having sixteen nuts given to her for her raa | cy by the

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), Oct. 10, 1846, page 7, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns2_10101846/page/7/