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78 THE STAR OF FREEDOM. September 11 ,18...
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MEETING OF THE BRITISH ASSOCIATION AT BE...
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A C:dorlc Ships-New Motive power.—T)\e K...
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giillk puiseineirfs
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STRAND THEATRE. This neat little theatre...
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THEATRICALS IN ^EW SOUTH WALES. (From ti...
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Olympic Circus.—The performances at this...
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Hiaift atfr Straus
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YOUNG LOVE. All milliners who start from...
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Transcript
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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78 The Star Of Freedom. September 11 ,18...
78 THE STAR OF FREEDOM . September 11 , 1852 <
Icieittt Rafr %Tt
icieittt rafr % tt
Meeting Of The British Association At Be...
MEETING OF THE BRITISH ASSOCIATION AT BELFAST . ' The annual general assembly q £ the Members of the Associattion commenced at Belfast on the 1 st inst . Following the a accustomed course , the first day was devoted mainly to arrang-Hug the order of proceedings for the remainder of the Meeting , sand to the election of officers for the various Sections . Col . Sabine read the report of the Committee appointed last 3 year to watch the interests of Science in Parliament . Letters i were read between Lord Wrottesley ( the Chairman ) and the ] pari of Derby on the subject of facilitating the transit by post
i ab a cheaper rate in foreign countries of Transactions of Societies i and printed papers . The President then proceeded to read his address , which was i very lengthy . Our space will allow us to give only one or two < extracts . This is on a subject of universal interest : — " The i analogy of the configuration of the land andTsea on the north of Ithe continents of Asia and America has for some time past i caused an opinion to be entertained that the sea on the north of ' the Parry Islands might be as open as it is known to be throughout the year in the same latitude on the north of the Siberian Islands . ' The expectation that Yvellington Strait might as a continuation of Barrow ' s Strait , prove a channel of
communication from the Atlantic into , that part of the Polar Ocean , has been considerably strengthened in the last year by the discoveries which we owe to the hardihood and intrepidity of our merchant seamen . The access to the Polar Ocean , and the degree in which it may be navigable for purposes of discovery or of scientific research , are amongst the few geographical problems of high interest which remain to be solved ; and we may confidently look for a solution , in the direction at least that has heen adverted to , by the Expedition which has been dispatched under Sir Edward Belcher to follow up the discovered traces of Sir John Franklin ' s vessels . "
Relative to what may be called the politics of science , the address said , " Allusions have been made by influential men , and in influential places , to a direct representation of Science in Parliament ; and' we frequently hear opinions expressed that Parliament might be improved by a greater admixture of men who might be chosen as the representatives of the intellectual cultivation of the nation amongst those who represent its material interests . The benefit which the Legislature might derive from a change of this description is a question rather for statesmen than for men of science , and would be quite unsuitable for discussion here : but in respect to the influence which such change would exercise on Science itself , and on its
cultivators , it does belong to us to consider both its probable advantages and disadvantages . I have no hesitation in expressing , as an individual opinion , my belief that the possible gain would be incalculably outweighed by the too certain evils ; and tliat scientific men cannot too highly value and desire to retain the advantage they now possess in the undisturbed enjoyment , of their own pursuits untroubled by the excitements and distractions of political life . * % * * We cannot read over tlie names of the noblemen and gentlemen who form the Parliamentary Committee of the British Association without being satisfied that science would not be likely to be more honourably represented by any system of direct representation /'
Among the numerous papers read on the succeeding days , we may mention the following , by Lieutenant-Colonel Sykes , on the census of the Island of Bombay . —Some very interesting matter was contained in this paper , and some remarkable features of the district given . It appears that the men are in great excess over the women—330 , 01 ) 0 to 212 , 050—a differenca due mainly to the crime of female infanticide . This crime is duo to an extraordinary cause , it is considered a disgrace if females do not get married , and to save this disgrace in some eases and , in others to save the expenses , which are heavy in India , in their marriage customs , the female children are murdered to a horrible extent . The Government have checked this deplorable
crime considerably by establishing a fund , out of which , under certain conditions , sums- shall be allotted for marriage purposes . G . E . Porter . —On the productive industry of Paris . This paper , read by Mr . M Adam , secretary , contained most valuable details of the productive industry of Paris , furnishing important data , for comparison with our own . hi it will be found matter for the serious consideration of our political economists , as in several of these branches of manufacture , which are supposed to press most weightily on our own trade , it appears that the wages paid for labour are higher than with us , while the raw material is about tlie same price . An interesting portion was that in reference to the education of the workmen . Of the
entire number , 87 per cent , of the men and 79 per cent , of the women could read and write . Professor Hancock . —Arc there any impediments to the fair competition of free labour with slave in the West Indies ? Professor Hancock ' s deductions were all based upon the recognised principles of moral philosophy and political economy , and were supported by statistical evidence , and by quotations from Adam Smith , Bigelors , Candler , Alexander , and other high authorities .
Mr . Griffiths . —On his new geological map of Ireland . —Tlie most important of the economic features had reference to the limestones , and to the recent discovery of a bed of salt in the neighbourhood of Belfast , He also stated his opinion that coal is not to be found in any quantity in Ireland ; and , therefore , every attempt to induce parries to embark in speculations which must prove fruitless ought to be discouraged .
Dr . Royle . —On the species of thea which yield the black and green teas of commerce " —Th < j author , after the general history and characters of the thea in its natural and in its manufactured state , showed clearly that both black and green teas were made from the same plant , and that the difference in colour and anpearance ^ was due to the methods of manipulation , and not to the addition of any extraneous substance , such as Prussian blue , turmeric , copper salts , indigo , & c , though these were often used by unprincipled manufacturers .
Mr . W . Ogilby . —On the geographical distribution of animals hi connexion with the progress of human civilization . —The author , in a long and extremely interesting paper , entering largely into details , showed that no nation located in a country destitute of domesticated animals has ever attained to a hio-h state of civilization , and that the condition of man in any geographical region is greatly dependent upon the animals inhabiting that region . He traced the connection of certain animals with man ' s civilization through a long range of history , and concluded by stating an opinion that we were now , in regard to civilisation only in the same state various nations
were m m the East 3 , 000 or 4 , 000 years ago . The Prince of Canino offered some remarks on the zoological portions , which were replied to by the author .
Meeting Of The British Association At Be...
Mr . W . Fairbairn . —Description of a new kind of tubular boiler . —The boiler , the p articulars of arrangement of which were given verbally and diagrammatically , was stated by the author to contain all the advantages of the double flue boiler , combined with the tubular arrangements of the locomotive boiler . A mixing chamber is introduced behind the firebars , and between them and the tubes , and vertical tubular stays are inserted for the purpose of ' strengthening the chambers and of increasing the heating surface . Mr . James Thompson , C . E . —Qn vortex waterwheels—The author exhibited plans of the principal parts of this
waterwheel , which was brought into operation at the buildings of Messrs . Hunter , of Dunaclry . It differs considerably from the turbine-wheel , as the water is supplied to the circumference , and passes out at the centre . It was stated that in a small model the effective power obtained was 68 per cent ., which was considerably increased in the large wheels . The President ' s Dinner . —On Saturday evening , at live o ' clock , the usual presidential dinner of the members of the British Association took place in the Music-hall . Upwards of 200 gentlemen sat down to dinner . Colonel Sabine , President of the British Association , occupied the chair .
A C:Dorlc Ships-New Motive Power.—T)\E K...
A C : dorlc Ships-New Motive power . —T )\ e Km York Tribune states that a ship is now being built to tost Ericsson ' s wonderful Caloric Engine . In regard to this wonderful engine , we . hardly know'if we can convey to the reader any accurate idea , but , with the valuable aid of the editor of " Hunt ' s Merchants' Magazine , " wc will make tiie attempt . Two Caloric engines arc at work in the foundry of Messrs . Hogg and Dclameter , foot of Thirteenthstreet , one of live and the other sixty horse-power , the latter has four cvlinders . Two , of seventy-two inches iu diameter , stand side by side . Over each of these is placed one much smaller . Within these / arc pistons , exactly fitting their respective cylinders , and so connected that those within the lower and upper cylinders move together . Under the bottom of each of tho lower cylinders a fire is applied . ] So other furnaces are employed . Neither boilers nor water are used . The lower is called the
workingcylinder ; the upper the supply cylinder . As the piston m the supply cylinder moves down , valve : ; placed in its top open , and it becomes tiLied with cold air . As iiie piston rises within it , these valves close , and the air within , unable to escape \ s it came , passes through another set of valves , into a receiver , from whence it has to pass into the working cylinder , to force up the working piston within it . As it leaves the receiver to perform this duty , it passes through what is called the regenerator , which wc shall soon explain , where it becomes heated to about four hundred and fifty degrees , and upon entering tiie working cylinder , it is further heated by the lire underneath . We have said the working cylinder is much larger iu diameter than the supply cylinder . Let us , for the sake of illustration merely , suppose it to contain double the area . The cold air which entered the upper cylinder will , therefore , hut half fill tho lower one . In the course of its passage to the latter , however , wc have said that it passes through a regenerator , and let us suppose , that as it enters the working cylinder , it has become heated to about four hundred and eighty degrees . At this temperature , atmospheric air expands to double its volume . The same atmospheric air , therefore , which was contained within the supply cylinder , is now capable of filling one of twice
its size . With this enlarged capacity , its enters the working cylinder . We will further suppose tho area of the piston within this cylinder to contain a thousand square inches , and the area of ; thc piston in the supply ' cylinder above , to contain but live hundred . Tho air presses upon this with a mean force , we will suppose , of about eleven pounds to each square inch ; or in other words , witini weight of 5 , 500 pounds . Upon the surface of the lower piston , the heated air is " , ' however , pressing upward with a like force upon each of its one thousand square inches ; or , in other words , with a force of 11 , 000 pounds . Here , then , is' a force which , after overcoming- the weight above , leaves a surplus of 5 , 500 pounds , if wc make no allowance for friction . This surplus furnishes the working power of the engine , it will be readily , seen that , after one stroke of its piston is made , it will continue to work with tliis force , so long as sufficient heat is supplied to expand tlie air in the v .-y : king cylinder to the extent stated : for , so long as the area of the lower
piston is greater than that of the upper , aud a like pressure is upon every square inch of each , so long will the greater piston push forward the smaller , as a . two-pound weight upon one end of a balance will be quite sure to bear down one pound placed upon the other . Wc need hardly say , that after the air in the working cylinder has forced up the piston within it , a valve opens , aud as it passes out , the pistons , by force of gravity , descend , and cold air again rushes into , and fills the supply cylinder , as we have before described , in this manner the two cylinders arc alternately supplied and discharged , causing the pistons in each to play up and down , substantially as they do in the steam-engine . We trust our ' readers will be able to understand at least the general principles upon which this machine operates . Its cylinders draw their supply from " the atmosphere . The cylinders of tlie steam-engine are supplied by scalding vapor , drawn from hissing boilers . The calorie engine draws in its iron lungs the same element which expands those of the most delicate child , and derives its motion and its power from that sustaining source , ivoon which depends the existence of all animate life .
Giillk Puiseineirfs
giillk puiseineirfs
Strand Theatre. This Neat Little Theatre...
STRAND THEATRE . This neat little theatre was once more opened to the public on Monday week under the management of Mr . Dumholton . The title of the performance was " Th ' e African Troupe "—six serenaders—Messrs . Pell , Pierce , Templeton , Williams , Hanis , and i-ioolcy . We promised ourselves a treat on the revival of this entertainment , and wo have not been disappointed . Wo ' should be almost afraid to speak of the company under the influence of first impressions , less wo should run into exaggeration ; but having seen them upon ' several occasions within these few days , we are enabled to give a favourable notice . The most prominent amongst tiie " Troupe" is Mr . Pell . Our readers are doubtless acquainted with this name , aud perhaps have
often heard him . We can assure them that he lias in no way retrograded from his former excellence ; hut , like all other good things , improves upon repititlon and more . 'intimatc acquaintance . The next is Mr . Pierce . He is in possession of a ' line base voice , aud good taste , and is a great acquisition to the company . Mr . Templeton is likewise very clever , but is out of ulace in some " instances . His comicality has to > much solidity , and he occasionally changes the tone of his voice , forgetting that he is " African . " Mr . Hanis ' is also exceedingly clever on the violin , and is received with vociferous cheering . The ; remainder of the company are very good . The house has boon well attended on each evening , and , on the whole , gave great satisfaction . We ; have been informed , that the spirited manager intends introducing some operative farces .
Theatricals In ^Ew South Wales. (From Ti...
THEATRICALS IN ^ EW SOUTH WALES . ( From tiie Sydney " People ' s Advocate" ) Pew of the many wonderful novels of Sir Walter Scott ever more thoroughly captivated our boyish admiration than that wild and singular tale in which the sorrowful destiny of Lucy Ashton and her noble lover , the Master of Ilavmsicood , is so vividly pourtrayed . Who , that has ever read tho novel can forget the gallant and adventurous raid of Caleb Balder stone , on the Cooler ' s kitchen , or his quick rooted appropriation of the thunder storm which " came to hand like the howl of a pint stoup , " and furnished him with such an excellent apocryphal dinner . All honor then to the fertility of his invention- however outrageous his lies may be , Caleb never tails in our good orimon from his first entrance upon the scene to the last sad moment when
he takes leave of his master for ever . Nor are the other less prominent personages uninteresting ; each has his own distinct individuality ; while the minor incidents introduced assist us iu forming no faint or incorrect conception of tiie " manners , habits , and prejudices of Scotch society at that distant day . With such notions in our editorial mind , we no sooner saw the announcement , on Monday last , of a drama entitled the " Bride of Lavnmermoor , than we resolved upon going to see it , and found no reason to repent of our determination . The dignified part of Edgar Ilavensicood was , of course , sustained by Mr . Nesbitt who , notwithstanding his recent illness , exerted himself not unsuccessfully to do it justice . The gem of the whole thing was decidedly tho hapless Miss Ashton of Mrs . G-uerin , her second lover , Hagsloh of Bucldaw , beinp- ' very fairly [ played by Mr . Howard . Griffiths , too , as dear eld Caleb made a decided hit ; continual merry shouts of laughter from all sides , testifying how keenly his manifold apologies and expedients were appredrama in
ciated . This interesting ( repeated on Wednesday evening the presence of a rather thin house ) , was followed at its first production by an extravaganza under the title of the " Queen of Beauty , " which passed off well but of which , not being great admirers of dramatic amusements of the kind , wc shall say no more than that it will be repeated this evening . On Tuesday the lovers of good music had another opportunity of gratifying their taste bv listening to the deservedly popular opera of the " Mountain Sylph , " after which came the pleasant interlude of " Sent to the Tower , " with the racy and highly successful favce oi' "Naval Engagements" as a finale . " Norma" was . again reproduced on Thursday , to a numerous and attentive audience , by whom a new after-picee , the " Loan of a Lover , " was well received , anil appears likely to become a favourite . Besides the extravaganza of the " Queen of Beauty , " the performances of this evening will include the musical interlude last mentioned , and the highly diverting farce of tho " Teacher Taught . "
Olympic Circus.—The Performances At This...
Olympic Circus . —The performances at this place of amuseinnnf , the week have been of a most varied and delightful description and ? m § attended by crowded and applauding houses . Master GranviTto !! a vehl *» i pupils of Mr . Ashton , has distinguished himself , not only as an Cm ° "hut also as an acrobatic performer , both on horseback and in ! i Stl ' > Master Griffiths and Miss Griffiths have gone through ' their mi vi ; - - formances with great eclat . In fact , both these young Australian En ^ performers have during the past week won for themselves the mostur ! r ian applause from crowded houses . Signor Cardoza ' s performances / " < l tight rope have also elicited great applause . Out old friend Axtelln ° ? ^ possible exceeded himself ,--sbme of his witticisms and bon mots \ hv' ^ past week have been amongst the raciest things we have ever heard l '
Hiaift Atfr Straus
Hiaift atfr Straus
Young Love. All Milliners Who Start From...
YOUNG LOVE . All milliners who start from bed To gaze upon a coat of red , Or listen to a drum , Know very well the Paplvian Queen Was never yet at Paphos seen , That Cupid's all a hum , That minstrels forge confounded lies , About the D . eities and skies , That torches ail go out sometimes , That flowers all fade except in rhymes , That maids are seldom shot with arrows , And coaches never drawn hy sparrows . And yet , fair cousin do not deem , That all is false which poets tell Of Passion ' s first and dearest dream ,
Of haunted spot , aud silent spell , Of long low musing , such as suits The terrace on your own dark hill , Of whispers which areas sweet as lutes , And silence which is sweeter still ; Believe , believe—for May shall pass , And summer snn and winter shower Shall dim tho freishness of the grass , And mar the fragrance of the Uowcv—Believe it all , whate ' er you hear Of plighted vow , aud treasured token . And hues which only once appear , And words which only one' 6 are spoken , And prayers whose natural voice is song , And schemes that die in wild cndeavciu
And tears so pleasant , you will long To weep such pleasant tsars for ever . Believe it all , believe it all ! Oh 1 Virtue ' s frown is all divine ; And Folly hides his happy thrall In sneers as cold and false as mine : And Reason prates of wrong and right , And marvels hearts can break or bleed , And flings on all that ' s warm and bright The winter of his icy creed ; Bat when the soul has ceased to glow , And years and cares are coming fast , There's nothing like young love ! no , no ! There ' s nothing like young love at last ! — Winthrop Pnm
" Greexwood Leaves from over the Sea" is the title of a series of papers appearing in the lira from "Grace Greenwood . " They consist ot ' descriptions of English lions , and deal more freely with the * homes ami circumstances of some of our literary notables than " quite accords with or , i sense of propriety . Hero is one of the sketches : — " On the day suceewib f this visit , I first saw Joseph . Mazzini—1 " had brought a ' letter from his fvknl Kossuth—and he spent a generous part of the morning with us , Mazzini is not a large man , though tailor , T should say , than Kossuth ; he is slight in person , and extremely pale . His beard is one of the grandest I have ever seen , his eyes have the true southern depth of darkness and gleam of passionate fire , yet are softened with poetic feeling , and are pathetic with all their power . They are darkly shadowed , as by great sorrows and weary watchings . To give you an idea of the high generous thought , the nohib aspirations , the enthusiasm and eloquence , to which we were charmed listeners that morning , I have only to sav that Mazzini talks as he writes . "
Uncle Tonis Cabin is about to be dramatised at one of the Boston theatre . Xeio Peview . —lslv . Eussell Smith has announced a new quarterly journal , to lie called " The Retrospective Review . " One of Nature ' s Nobles . —One fine morning last month the armorial shield of Baron Peter de Wallencrona was publicly broken in the Church of the Nobles' Palace in Stockholm , by one of the heralds of the Order of Seraphim . Such is the custom in Sweden when the male line of a family becomes extinct , —and in the person of Baron Peter , a nobility conferred by Charles the Twelfth , on the field of Pultpwa had just expired . But the Karon had taken guarantees against the mortality of his name , and earned for himself a cognizance which is not broken over graves . The first noble of the race was a soldier—the last was a citizen . The title born of the sword died wearing the civic crown Baron Peter de WallencronaKnight of the Oi'to
, of Charles the Twelfth , and of the Order of Gustavus Vasa , devoted a life protracted far beyond man ' s allotted span—for he died at the groat age oi ninety-five—to the task of morally aud mentally elevating his countrymen , and to the cure of their physical and social ills . At Carlstadt , whore lie passed the greater part of his days , he established , and edited for thirtv-two years , a journal called the " Gazette of Rural and Domestic economy " ( Hv . shnllstedning ) , for the diffusion of sound and useful knowledge among the people , lie founded in his country eleven savings' banks , three schools , ami two infant asylums , —and enlarged several of the hospitals of the kingdom , These are amongst the good deeds of Baron Peter ; and so , when the herald broke his escutcheon , and proclaimed the name extinct , other proclamation was-made oyer the Baron ' s grave to contradict the herald . The name of the good knight and noble lives in the popular heart—aud will be written bv the true herald in the moral history of Sweden .
An Intellectual Young Lady . — " Oh , mamma , I asked Miss Brown , what is dew ? She says it is the moisture imbibed by plants during the siimmer months . Now , mamma , dear , dew is the condensation of aqueous vapour by a body which has radiated its atomic motion of caloric below the atmospheric temperature . " The Brainless . —A lady asked her physician whether snuff was injurious to the brain ? "No , " said he , " for nobody who has any brabis ever takes smiff . "
THE PRIDE OF LONDON . ( Being a slight liberty taken with " The Bride of AbydosD Know ye the stream where the cesspool and sewer Are emptied oi ' all their foul slushes and slimes , Where the feculent tide of rich liquid manure Now sickens the City , now maddens the ' Times ? Know ye the tilth oi that great open sink , Which no filter can sweeten , no " mtvey" can drink : Where in . boats overcrowded the Cockney is borne To the mud-bounded gardens of joyous Cremorne :
Where the gas-works rain down the blackest of soot , And the oath of the coal-whipper never is mute : Where the liquefied mud which as " water we buv , With the richest of pea-soup in colour may vie , Aud deodorisation completely defy : Whore the air ' s filled with smells that no nose can define , And tho banks teem proline with corpses canine ? Tis the stream of the Thames ! 'tis the Pride of the Town . ' Can a nuisance so dear to us e ' er be put down ? Oh ! fouler than words can in decency tell , Are the sights Ave see there , and the scents which we smell!— - nCft
Mimng—Ths Crown of Hungary . ~ k handsome Reward will he given tfl whosoever shall restore it—say a million of florins—and all will befovg ^ ; aud no questions asked . Gentleman of tlie Hebrew persuasion rc « u » I treated with , flo Kossuth need apply—address to Francis Joseph , Vienna ' who , when the Crown shall be restored , has the very head that will ht « - Ibid . Epitaph for a Stockbrohir . —Waiting for a rise . —ibid . Patriotic Fishing Senti ; nsnL ~ U England would keep her laurels , she «» preserve her bays . —Ibid . The Smoke-dried Germana .--The author of a book just published , entity My Journal during the Summer of 1831 , by a Member of the late 1 a ? » ment ^ says that he was astonished to find how far the cigar has supcifJV , the pipe ra Germany . In some cases the cigar is so placed in a mcersci . " < ¦ _ mouthpiece as to send forth its curling smoke into the nose of the oyen ^ probably an additional recommendation . " We say enough is as gowi Jteast—that is not so with a Barman . T ritmht n-heflinr anv Quantity ot su .
would be too much for him-, and a patented invention which vould en { tho possessor to continue smoking while asleep through the ixiglit ^ oiu - am convinced , make a man's fortune . My driver on this day , duniio » ' . than eleven hours we were on the road , never discontinued fov * nl ° ' ,, and if the villanous weeds which he consumed had been all put do « n » line , they must have reached fully half the entire distance . "
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), Sept. 11, 1852, page 14, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns2_11091852/page/14/
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