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Northern Star (1837-1852), 11th September 1852, Edition 2 of 2, Page 3, fete; from % M l i ptjs

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      Lombardy. —Vienna Letters State That The...

      Iiaryiaiyt 0 ^ rref ^ *^ - " *¦ W 1 # ta ^ g * care aot , " replied lie lie latter , " he is an Englishman , and I am ordered to treat urn im with all due consideration . " This scene lasted upwards of inreeiree hours , when the Englishman , having bellowed to exhausi < ion . ion . thought proper to withdraw . The flag was immediatel y eeuKfeinoved , and the window closed . The crowd then quietly discerstersed , aud it soon became known that the Englishman had iecuecu conducted to a mad-house . "

      SPAIN . T The Diario Espanol says it has observed with regret in the ( txagazetle not a shower of gold , but a shower of extraordinary vu-e ^ redits , amounting in the whole to live millions of reals . This ' iloiuonrnal expresses uneasiness with regard to financial prosnects .

      Jseptember 11,1852. The Stab Of Freedom....

      jSeptember 11 , 1852 . THE STAB OF FREEDOM . 67

      Portugal. I A Letter From Lisbon, Of Aug...

      PORTUGAL . i A letter from Lisbon , of August 25 th } in the Clamor Publico , mf nf Ma-bid , says there is no doubt of the rupture between the joafealaaaha ministry and the Septemhrists . The Marshal ' is not teoieor . tented with turning M . M . Seabra and Garrett out of the imimmistry . He desires to undo all that those ministers have done in in their respective departments .

      Turkey. ' The Trieste Gazette Has Corres...

      TURKEY . ' The Trieste Gazette has correspondence from Constantinople of oioi st ult ., stating that on the 17 th of August the British corvette luodeste , driven into the Dardanelles by stress of weather , r , was fired on with two guns froni the fort , and was compelled to p put to ssa again . The correspondent of the Trieste Gazette writes from Cqns stanthiop le that there is every probability of the speedy re-ins stallation of Rescind Pacha , All Pacha , and Fuad Einndiin

      , t their former ministries . Reschid Pacha is reconciled with All 3 Pacha , his chief enemy , and the best possible understanding i now exists between them . More than 5 , Q 00 families are left ] houseless by the recent fires ; 3 , 000 have as yet found no place < of shelter , and the government has granted them the use of a suflicient number of military tents . In Adrianople conflagrations have caused the destruction of property to the value of 4 , 000 , 000 piastres . According to reports from Syria , Abdurahinan ' s band had fallen upon Hebron and pillaged it .

      Uiited States. (From Our Own Corresponde...

      UIITED STATES . ( From our own Correspondent . ) New Yoek , August 25 . At the present moment the uppermost question in the public mind is that of the Lobos guano . Several official documents respecting it have been transmitted to the Senate hy the President . Three of these documents are letters from Don Juan Y de Osma the Peruvian minister at Washington , to Mr . Secretary Webster . In those letters , the Peruvian minister

      seeks to show thai the Lobos Islands indisputably belong to the Republic of Peru , inasmuch as they were known to navigators as early as the days of Pizzaro , that they were always the acknowledged property of Spain , that from their discovery , the Islands were frequented by the Peruvian Indians , and that on the separation of Peru from Spain , they naturally became the possession of the new state . In answer to these claims , Mr . Webster states , that the Islands never were really taken

      possession of , either by Spain or Per n , thai they are uninhabited and uninhabitable , and that if they have been frequented by the Indians of Peru , who came there for the purpose of fishing , they have been still more so by citizens of the United States , who frequented their shores for a similar purpose . He alleges , moreover , that the decree of the Peruvian government in 1833 , forbidding foreign vessels to fish on any of the coasts of Peru , was issued after , and in consequence of the discovery , hy CaptaittMorrell , an American citizen , of the rich treasure of guano m the Lobos Islands . You will see from this that the whole

      question is as unsettled as ever . The only matter to be decided is : does or does not the Peruvian Republic possess an absolute sovereigntv over the Lobos Islands ? The fact of their lyingnearer to Peru , than to the territories of any other state , does not of itself give the Peruvians an exclusive right over them , since they are at a greater distance than a marine league from the Peruvian shores . Neither have Spain or Peru ever taken formal possession of them , while America has acquired some title to them by long uninterrupted usage . In my opinion , the claim by Peru or by any other nation to exclusive property in the Lobos Islands , " is altogether untenable , and the wisest and justest plan would certainly be their recognition as the common property of all .

      By telegraphic dispatch from Washington , I learn that a most disgraceful scene took place in the senate yesterday , which is likelv to end in a couple of hostile encounters . Speaking in a discussion on the bill on the light-houses , Mr . Polk chanced to say something not very creditable to General Scott , the Whig candidate for the Presidency , which at once brought up Mr . Galium in his defence . A most disgusting scene ensued , in the course of which the word * ' liar" was very profusely made use of by both parties . A declaration made by Mr . Polk during the debate , regarding the conduct of Scott at Molino del Rey , also awoke the wrath of Mr . White of Kentucky , so that by my next you may expect to hear of duels between Mr . Polk and each of those gentlemen .

      „ . A fearful collision took place on the 20 th inst , on Lake Erie off Long point Light on the Canada shore , between the Atlantic steamer and the propeller Ogdensburg . The steamer was so much injured that she went down ten minutes afterwards , when above 300 of the passengers , who were principally Norwegians , met a watery grave . The remaining persons on board were taken offbv the Ogdensburg . Those in charge of the respective vessels seek to throw the blame of the accident upon each other .

      There is no change in the intelligence from the fishing grounds . Captain Pool of the Mary ' Niles , just arrived from St . Lawrence , states that the , American fishermen have all been driven from the Bay of Chaleur , by the British ship of war , the Devastation . He was one of those driven out , and he says that the captain of the Devastation told him he would not suffer them to fish within three miles of any of the bays . It is stated positively that the Bay of Fundyhas " been completely cleared of American fishermen by the British cutter Neiley .

      A letter from St . Louis , dated Monday , states that tue steamer Franklin No . 2 , burst her boiler six miles below that city on the previous day . Nine persons were hilled , thirty scalded , and six more -were still missing on the despatch of the letter . Accounts ' from Equador to July 28 th , state that Flores was completely routed in his attack on Guaquih His land and sea forces surrendered to the President of the Republic , General tfrbino . * But tlrbino is by no means firm ; the country is represented to be in a most unsettled state . A party has been formed against the President , and it is expected that another revolution ^ ill soon take place .

      Uiited States. (From Our Own Corresponde...

      CANADA . The Canadian parliament has been opened with the customary formalities by the Governor-General . The Selkirk settlement was visited on the 2 nd of May with a flood as great and sweeping as one that fell twenty-six years ago . It lasted this time from the 2 nd of May to the 25 th , when it began to recede . A letter received but a few days since at St . Paul ' s , Minnesota , describes the spectacle which was there witnessed : —

      " T wenty-two miles in length of the colony are now under water . ^ For a distance of four miles the water has spread over the ^ plain for six miles on each side of the river , and in all that distance not a house has escaped . Loaded boats may be seen sailing beyond the habitations . The sight is as melancholy as it is novel . Of the population , 3 , 500 have had to fly before the torrent , and abandon all . The loss of property is already estimated at £ 150 , 000 sterling . "

      Horses , cattle , houses , barns , crops , all were swept off , and the colony is almost ruined . The labour of 26 years is all gone .

      Mexico And West Indies. The Royal Mail S...

      MEXICO AND WEST INDIES . The Royal Mail steam-ship Medw & y , bringing the Mexican and West Indian mails , arrived at Southampton on Sunday . MExico .--Mexico , on the departure of the Medway , was in a state of increasing confusion and disorder , betokening in all quarters symptoms of approaching dissolution . The courier of the British Legation readied Vera Cruz from the interior on the

      morning oi the 4 th of August , and in addition to the risings in the state of Vera Cruz and Sonera , brings the intelligence that a revolution . had taken place in the State o'l Guadalaxara , which would probably be followed in other parts . The conducta , which was detained at Puebla , would , it was believed , be able to proceed shortly to Vera Cruz , the force under Rebolledo having retired to the mountains in the neighbourhood of Jalaoa .

      Jamaica . — -On the north side of the island , in the town of Montego Bay , there had been a very general movement among the overseers , who had cause to suspect that an attempt would he made further to reduce their already scanty stipends . In consequence of this they had resolved to remove from the island for Australia , and had appointed a committee to arrange preliminaries and devise the best and most economical means of effecting their purpose . This movement had caused some sensation among the planting attorneys , to whom the services of the overseers are invaluable . In most parts of the island the smal ! -pox continued to rage .

      Panama . —During the past month , cholera had carried off 100 or 150 of the 600 United States troops that had crossed the Isthmus , en route for California

      The Caffb-S War. The General Screw Steam...

      THE CAFFB-S WAR . The General Screw Steam Shipping Company ' s mail packet Hellespont ,. Captain W . Watts , arrived on Wednesday . Tiie intelligence from the seat of war continues to be of the same dubious character as ever , and it is the private opinion of those who have been practically conversant with military proceedings on the frontier that the settlement of this vexatious contest is as far off as it was twelve months since .

      On the 1 st of July General Cathcart issued a proclamation , calling for the assistance of every man capable of bearing arms , and on the 20 th his Excellency issued an explanatory circular , in which it is stated that all he required was a deputation of all the fighting men who can really come to represent the district , and for those who cannot come to assist those who can . The Governor insists on this help . The mother country has sacrificed much life and treasure , while its only real advantage was the possession of Simon ' s Bay . Tlie protection of certain colonists who settled on the frontier thirty years since might be considered an obligation , but such obligations have their limits .

      This must probably be the last Caffre war carried on at the cost of the British Government . The object of General Cathcart ' s intended expedition was twofold—first , to test the willingness of the colonists ; and secondly , if they came forward , to demonstrate to the Caffres that , independently of the Imperial force , there was sufficient strength in the colony to chastise the enemy should he again attack the frontier . If the General found the colonists unwilling , he had amide force to cross the

      Kei and vindicate the national honour , but this would convince the world that the colonists were deficient in their former energy , and their chief opponent Kreli would ever after hold them in contempt . After returning from the expedition beyond the Kei , the Governor says it will be his duty to report to the home Government if the colonists had not rendered him proper support , in that case he will probably be ordered to withdraw his army , when his parting recommendation to them would be to keep less sheep and oxen and more shepherds and herdsmen , for wild men and wild beasts would soon recover their ancient

      sovereignty in the i'ish River and Zuurburg , and the colonists will not be able to drive them out as their fathers did in the olden time . The files of Cape papers give the usual accounts of cattle lifting by combined Hottentots and Caffres , and of reprisals by the regular forces and burghers . The only attack worthy of notice was one made on the Waterkloqf by Colonel lluller , of the Rifles , on the 24 th of July , when the Caffres were lured from their stronghold by a feigned retreat , and were thus exposed to the lull fire of the Artillery and Rifles , suffering a loss of more than 100 , while only three of Colonel Buller ' s force were wounded . o

      Australia And Its Wealth. (Abridged From...

      AUSTRALIA AND ITS WEALTH . ( Abridged from the British Quarterly Mevievj . ) ( Concluded from last Saturday ' s Star of Freedom . ) To determine what is to be the effect upon prices of a considerable addition to the stock of precious metals now existing in the world , is matter of extreme difficulty . In this case , the lights of the past are dim , obscure , and deceptive . We know , indeed , in the gross , that the discovery and opening out of the gold and silver mines of Mexico and Peru , during the early pari ; of the sixteenth century , did at length , after a series of years , greatly lower the value of these metals , and caused a slow and

      gradual rise of prices , which hardly ceased even in the eightteen thj but how much was actually due to we additional coin in circulation , and how much to economic causes , it hi hard to say . To fix , with anything like certainty , t ' v . value of the money of Henry Yil . and Henry VIII . seems impossible . ^ It is well known that the coinage was then debased to a considerable extent ; but there exist no means tor ascertaining , with any certainty , whether tlie debased coin passed generally at its nominal or its real value , or at some rate between a nominal and a real value . If we take as a criteron the rental

      Australia And Its Wealth. (Abridged From...

      of the kingdom , we must lean to the conclusion that a rise in prices had taken place in consequence of the debasement of the current money , ^ of which the subsequent rise caused by the real depreciation of the precious metals themselves towards the end of Henry ' s reign , was only a sort of continuation , ' . It has been estimated that the stock of gold and silver now existing in the world in the shape of money ' is about £ 400 , 000 , 000 sterling , of which more than half is silver . This i f probably under the mark . There seems reason \ o believe ' that the money , where a silver currency has existed ' from time

      immemorial , is underrated , whilst that of Europe and other portions of the Asiatic continent is not overrated . Hence , ' to produce any sensible effect upon this mass , the addition in ihe shape of actual coin must be very . ereat . * * ' * ^ ] * * Our general conclusion is that % e immediate effects apprehended from such accessions to our stocks o £ gold and silver as are now taking place , are exaggerated , and by some very highly . These additions have now

      been going on for some years , and yet the effect produced upon the money of the world is so minute as to be hardly appreciably It is probable that a large mass of the proceeds of California and Australia will , instead of being coined in Europe , ' find it ? way to remote parts of the globe , to China , to India , and either semi-civilized Asiatic countries , and there be used to admuiister to luxury rather than to . increase the circulating money qf these countries . .. ¦ .. >

      ^ A more important point , however than the gold , is the question—how shall a sufficient number of hands be obtained , aud swiftly enough , for the exigencies of this most important colony ? Although workers are emphatically required , there seems to be much work which might be done by men and women far advanced in years , beyond the government standard Sheep-keeping and shearing might be undertaken by comparatively aged men : while the easy duties of the hut-keeper could be fulfilled by equally aged women . -fffc ,,,, | ,

      Fete; From % M L I Ptjs

      fete ; from % M l i ptjs

      The Labour Market Is Australia.—Labour I...

      The Labour Market is Australia . —Labour is scarce , an # is rapidly becoming scarcer ; wages are enormously high , and are still on the rise . As regards our chief city , we can safely say that never within our recollection was labour so difficult to procure as it is at the present time , nor do we believe that wages , taking all classes of operatives together , were ever so high . Kot only do mechanics command their 8 s . or 9 s . per day ,

      and common hodmen their 7 s . and 7 s . 6 d ., but even on these terms they arc . scarcely to be had . And , even with remunerations like these , the working classes are far from satisfied . There is among them an independence , a restlessness , a craving after more , which leaves no doubt that unless something be done , and clone promptly , to redress this evil , ffj It will wax worse and worse . But what is this something ? is there anything within the range of possibility whereby we can recruit ou nearly-exhausted labour market ? Recruit it , we mean , not

      with convicts , with Chinamen , or with savages from the Cannibal Islands , but with virtuous men and women of our own race , and from our own fatherland . This is the thing we want . Is this thing attainable ? We think it is . We think our government possess the means of importing from the United Kingdom as many immigrants as the colony actually requires . Measures have already been adopted , since " the golden era , for importing them to sorne extent—but not to the extentwhich present experience shows to be necessary . —Sydney Homing Herald , oftbelstof May .

      Some time ago , a ship called the " Nelson" was plundered by a body of armed men in Hobson ' s Pay , off Melbourne . Three of those men have been arrested , tried , found guilty , and sentenced to transportation for life . They proved to be notorious London thieves , cracksmen , and swell mobsmen , who had been transported to the colony , and who had been let loose on the ticket-oi leave system .

      Musder . —A young man named Delouesse , clerk in a hereau d ' enrregistement at Angoulcuie , was a few days ago tried by the Court of Assizes of that city for the murder of a woman of loose character , named Louise JBourguignon . He had for several years maintained intimate relations with Louise , and in the evening of the 23 rd of June last went to the house of ill-fame in which she resided , and told her to accompany him upstairs . She was eating her supper at the time , and begged him to wait . He did so , but told her to make haste , and as she kept him waiting longer than he wished , he said angrily , Yqu are a long

      time eating this evening . " At length they went up stairs , and almost immediately after the girl was heard shrieking , ' Help , murder ! " Before the persons in the house could reach the staircase , she fell to the bottom covered with blood . " Who did that ? " they cried ; and . the prisoner answered in a firm voice ; from the top of the stairs , "It was i , Belouesse ! " Someone was about to go upstairs , but Louise said faintly , "Don't gohe has got a pistol ! " "I have no pistol , " answered the prisoner , who slowly descended the staircase and walked intp the room . He -was perfectly calm and impassible , and seemed pleased with what he had done . Louise became greatly

      terrified when she saw him . He applied some insulting epithets to , her , and rushed on her to stab her wjth a poignard , but was prevented . A commissiary of police arrived , and he calmly gave him the poignard , observing , " If the thing were to be done again , I would do it . " He was taken-to gaol . Meanwhile , " it was ascertained that the girl had been stabbed in eight places , and she died in the course of a very short time . It was proved that he had exhausted all his resources with the girl , and had frequently declared that she should die by his hand , jfe was

      , it appeared , jealous of her . In his defence he alleged that the murder was not premeditated , but that he had done it in a , moment of passion , on the girl refusing to restore two pieces of 20 f . which he had confided to her , and telling him in a taunting tone , when he had questioned her about a man whom he suspected to be his rival , that he might leave her at once if he pleased . The jury brought in a verdict of Guilty , and he was condemned to death . Tlie prisoner heard the sentence without

      the slightest emotion , but when he returned to gaol and was put in irons , he gave way to profound despair . After a while , however , he became calmer , and received the visit of the chaplain . He listened with great attention to his exhortations , and said that as he had nothing to hope for from man he would endeavour to make his peace with God . Parachute Descent . —Madame Poitevin madq a successful parachute descent on Monday evening . She went hp with the balloon from Creinorne , and desbended safely on Clapham Common .

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), Sept. 11, 1852, page 3, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns2_11091852/page/3/