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Northern Star (1837-1852), 14th August 1852, Edition 2 of 2, Page 14

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      J:Suxcle Tom's Cabin; Or Negko Life Amox...

      " "' Good-hy , Mas ' r George / said Tom , looking fondly and adrnimirinuly at him . ' God Almighty bless you ! Ah 1 Kentucky itanan't got many like you ! ' he said , in the fulness of his heart , as Ihehe frank , boyish face was lost to his view . Away he went , and 'Worn looked , till the clatter of his horse ' s heels died aw ; sy , the last ( ouounu or sight of his home . But over his heart , there seemed to me > e a warm spot , where those young hands had placed the precious iiolollar . Tom put up his hand , and held it close to his heart . "

      THK TRUTH TO ENGLAND . ' tel always have supposed , " said Miss Ophelia , ' that you , all of Forou , approved of these things , and thought them right— according © o Scripture . ' ' "' Humbug ! We are not quite reduced to that yet . Alfred , wlivho is as determined a despot as ever walked , does not pretend 00 this kind of defence ; no , he stands , high and haughty , on that gojood old respectable ground , the , right of the . strongest ; and he ua ^ ays , and I think quite sensibly , that the American planter is 0 only doing , in another form , what the English aristocracy and

      :: a : apitalists are doing by the lower classes / that is , I take it , upppropriating them , body and bone , soul and spirit , fo their use rand convenience . He defends both—and I think , at least , consistently . He says that there can be no high civilization without iiitnslavement of the masses , either nominal or real . There must , liaise says , he a lower class , given up to physical toil and confined to saian animal nature ; and a higher one thereby acquires leisure and wweal ' . h for a more expanded intelligence and improvement , and Ibtbeeomes the directing soul of the lower . So he reasons , because , iaas I said , he is born an aristocrat ; so I don't believe , because I vswas born a democrat '

      " How in the world can the two things be compared V said Mifes Ophelia . ' The English labourer is not ' sold , traded , parted fifrom his family , whipped . ' "' He is as much at the will of his employer as if he were sold ttohim . The slaveowner can whip his refractory slave to deathtthe capitalist can starve him to death . As to family security , it is ihard to say which is the worst . —to have one ' s children sold , or ssee them starve to death at home . ' " * But it ' s no kind of apology for slavery to prove that it isn't i worse than some other bad thin : ? . '

      " ' I didn ' t give it for one—nay , I'll say , besides , that ours is ithe more bold and palpable infringement of . human rights . . Actually buying a man up , like a horse—looking at his teeth , ( cracking his joints , and trying his paces ' , and then paying down j for him—having speculators , breeders , traders , and brokers in human bodies aud souls—sets the thing before the eyes of the civilized world in a more tangible form , though the thing clone be , after all , in its nature , the same ; that is , appropriating one set of human beings to the use and improvement of another , without any regard to their own . ' "' I never thought of the matter in this light / said Mis Ophelia .

      " ' Well , I ' ve travelled in England some , and I ' ve looked over a good manv documents as to the state of their lower classes ; and 1 really think there is no denying Alfred , when he says that his slaves are better off than a large class of the population of England . '" Next week we will cull further extracts . For the present we conclude with the following from the noble

      SPEECH OP A RUNAWAY SLAVE . " I saw my mother put up at sheriff's sale , with her seven children . They were sold before her eyes , one ivy one , all to different masters ; and I was the youngest . She came and kneeled down before old mas ' r , and begged him to buy her with me , that she might have at least one child with her ; and he kicked her away with his heavy boot . I saw him do it . ; and the last that I heard was her moans and screams , when I was tied to his horse ' s neck to be carried off to his place . * * * * " She was a pious , good girl—a member of the Baptist church —and as handsome as mv poor mother had been . She was well

      brought up , and had good manners . At first I was glad she was bought , for I had one friend near me . I was soon sorry for it . Sir , I have stood at the door and heard her whipped , when it seemed as if every blow cut into my naked heart , and I couldn't do anything to help her ; aud she was whipped , sir , for wanting to live a decent Christian life , such as your laws give no slave girla right to live ; and at last I saw herchained with a trader's gang , to be sent to market in Orleans—sent there for nothing else but that—and that ' s the last I know of her . Well , I grew up—long years and years—no father , no mother , no sister , not a living soul that cared for me

      move than a ( log ; nothing but whipping , scolding , starving . Why , sir , I ' ve been so hungry that I have been glad to take the bones they threw to their dogs ; and yet , when I wasa little fellow , and laid awake whole nights and cried , it wasn ' t the hunger , it wasn't the whipping , I cried for . No , sir ; it was for my mother and my sitters—it was because I hadn ' t a friend to love me on earth . I never knew what peace or comfort was . I never had a kind word spoken to me till I came to work in your factory . Mr . Wilson , you treated me well ; you encouraged me to do well , and to learn to read and write , and to try to make something of myself : and God knows how grateful'I am for it . Then , sir , I

      found my wile ; you ' ve seen her , —you know how beautiful she is . When I found she loved me , when I married her , I scarcely could believe I was alive , I was so happy ; and , sir , she is as good as she is beautiful . But now what ? Why , now comes my master , takes me right away from my work , and my friends , and all I like , and grinds me down into the very dirt ! And why 1 Because , he says , I forgot who I was ; he says , fo teach me that I am only a nigger ! After all , and last of all , he comes between me and my wife , and says I shall give her up , and live with another woman . And all this your laws give him power to do , in spite of God or man . Mr . Wilson , look at it ! There isn ' t one of all these things .

      that have broken the hearts of my mother aud sUter , and my wife and myself , but your laws allow , and give every man power to do in Kentucky , aud none can say to him nay ! Do you call these the laws of my country ? Sir , I haven't any country , any more than I have any father . But I ' m going to have one . I don't want anything of your country , except to be let alone—fo go peaceably out of it ; and when I get to Canada , where the laws will own me and protect me , that shall be my country , and its laws I will obey . But if any man tries to stop me , let him take care , f or I am desperate . I'll fight for my liberty to the last breath I breathe * You say your fathers did it : if it was right for them , it is right for me I "

      U The Star Of Freedom. Awww 14,1352.

      u THE STAR OF FREEDOM . Awww 14 , 1352 .

      Inew Post-Office Regulation.—By A New Re...

      iNew Post-office Regulation . —By a new regulation issued by the Postmaster-General , which came into operation last week , all letters posted in the United Kingdom , or within the metropolitan districts for places in the kingdom , must either have a stamp thereon , or be sent unpaid , no prepayment hy means of money heing allowed .

      Statistics Of The Week. Thr Tiuub And Rb...

      STATISTICS OF THE WEEK . Thr Tiuub and Rbvenub ov Irex . anu . ~ A series of returns , furnished bv < li « Treasury Chambers , and ordered lo be jir ' niied by the Bouse of Commons , on t ! i « motion of Sir Robert Ferguson , having reference to the revenue , exyxMulilnvo , imports , and exports of Ireland diirin ? the year 1851 , have heen delivered , It appears that , the net produce of the Irish revenue paid into the Exchequer in the year ended the 5 tli of January , 1852 , was £ 4 , 000 , 681 17 s . 4 d . This amount was contributed from the following sources : —Customs , £ 1 , 854 , 568 ; excise , £ 348 , 911 ; stamps , £ 451 , 534 ; Postoffiep , £ 5000 ; small brunches of the hereditary revenue , £ 300 ; miscellaneous ( including repayment of advances ) , £ 310 , 667 . " The money remaining in the Exchequer at the commencement of the year , was £ 621 , 891 , and if this sum be added to the net produce , it would make the actual income fcr the yeav

      £ 4 , 822 , 573 . The expenditure during the year amounted to £ 3 , 847 , 134 , leaving a balance in the Exchequer , on January 5 th , 1852 , of £ 775 , 434 18 s . Id . The expenditure for tV year is thus made up ; dividends , interest , awl management of public debt , £ 1 , 394 , 027 ; other payments out of the consolidated fund , £ 854 , 272 ; pavments on account of grants of parliament for the army , £ 585 , 000 ; miscellaneous prants of parliament , £ 611 , 382 ; money advanced out of the consolidated fund for public objects , £ 600 , 493 . Although the gross expenditure is stated at £ 3 , 847 , 134 , the real expenditure was ohJv i' 3 , 745 , 245 , as a sum of £ 101 , 888 remitted through the customs and exdsetb the Exchequer in England , is , by a curious mode of calculation , charged as an item of" expenditure . " The account , however , does not include the whob expenditure of the United Kingdom on account of Ireland ; buton the other hand , the receipts from the crown lands in Ireland are brought into the general

      account of the Commissioners of Woods , & c , and do not appear as part of ihe income of Ireland . The amount received from rent aud other sources of land revenue in Ireland , in 1851 , was £ 62 , 776 16 s . 5 d ., but the return does not stale what is the amount expended by the United Kingdom on account of Ireland , against which the sum of £ 62 , 776 is a set off . The largest excise collections in Ireland appear to be those of Dublin , Belfast , Cork , and Divgheda , and the ports in which the greatest amount of customs duties paid are Dublin , Belfast , Cork , Limerick , Londonderry , and Waterfowl . There is a small " port" called Strangford where the customs duties collected during the first year f mounted to only £ 141 . It appears by returns furnished by the Inspector-General of Imports and Exports that there was retained for home consumption in Ireland , in 1851 , 499 , 131 gallons of wine , 202 , 498 gallons of foreign spirits ; 7 , 550 , 5 I » gallons of whiskey ( home made ) , 4 , 457 , 980 ibs . of

      tobiwe . o , 6 , 573 , 278 Jhs . of tea , 684 , S 731 bs . of coffee , 467 , 701 cwfs . of sugar 383 , 412 bushels of flax-seed and linseed , 5 , 1881 bs . of cotton wuol , l , 3031 bs of raw and throw ;! silk , seven tons of unwrought iron , 78 , 175 loads of timber in logs , and 75 , 776 loads of ditto sawn or split . The eomumiption of coals carnot be exhibited , the coasting duty on the article having been discontinued since 1830 . The view which this statement affords of the consumption of imported commodities into Ireland is to a certain extent defective , inasmuch as the coasting regulations by which the cross-channel trade has been governed since the year 1825 prevent ihe keeping of any record of goods imported duty free ' from Great Britain , either in the case of British productions or of foreign merchandise upon which the duty has already been paid in a British port . The exports of Irish productions and

      manufactures during the last year as compared with former periods , exhibit a very great decrease , owing in great part to llio failure of the potato crop , and also to the depopulation of the country . The exports of live animals and provisions to foreign parts has almost wholly fallen off , while the returns of the exports lo Great Britain presents a similar result . The total quantity of Irish spirits exported to foreign countries within the last year was only 8 , 687 gallons , while of linen manufactures 50 , 964 yards only were exported . The quantities of provisions ( live and dead ) exported to Great Britain within the your was as follows : —Oxen , bulls , and cows , 183 , 760 ; calves , 2 474 ; sheep , 151 , 807 ; swine , 106 , 162 ; wheat and flour , 95 , 116 quarters ; oats and oatmeal , 1 , 141 . 976 quarters . The stamp duties collected in Dublin amounted to £ 350 , 308 14 s . 3 d ., whilst all the other stamp districts put together did not contyibutc much more than one-third of that sum .

      Population op Calii'oknia . — Our population , drawn from every quarter of the globe , and made up of every race , continues to increase with astounding rapidity . 'Die number of passengers landed at San Francisco during the month of May was 1 (» , ( 541 . The departures have been more than usually few , probably not exceding 1500 , leaving a net increase of 9 , 141 to our population during the month of May , Altogether the real increase of population will fully reach 10 , 000 for the month , being at the rate of 120 , 000 for the year . Suicides anu Accidents in Pams . —The rvtvmbsr of dead bodies exposed at the Morgue in Pan ' s during the month of July has been unusually great . This augmentation is attributed to the great heat , which occasioned a number of sudden or accidental deaths . The total number of bodies exposed during the month was GO , of which 00 were adults , 41 men and 9 women , 3 children , and 7 foetuses . Out of the 50 adults 44 were recognised . Twenty-one cases of suicide , 15 accidental deaths , 11 sudden ones , and 3 cases of drowning , the cause of which is unexplained . The number of persons drowned when bathing was 10 .

      The Tea Trade . —Last week the deliveries of tea in London increased a little , heing 654 , 281 lb . Australian Emigrants' Remittances to their Fkiends in England . —A paper called " The First Remittance-Roll from the Re-union of Families in Australia , " says , the sums subjoined have been sent by the emigrants of Mrs . Chisholm ' s ships . They amount to almost £ 3 , 000 , and the number of contributors is about 136 ;—Amount 1 Amount Deposited . Deposited . 1 st Labourer £ 15 0 0 loth Labourer .... £ 22 10 6 2 nd — .... 1 10 0 16 th — .... 47 12 6 3 rd — .... 16 10 0 I 7 t . il — .... 10 0 0

      41 h — .... 180 0 0 18 th — .... 10 0 0 5 th — .... 9 15 0 19 th - 15 0 0 6 th — .... IS 0 0 20 th — .... 2 D 0 0 7 th — .... 19 1 0 21 st — .... Ill 0 0 8 th — .... 19 0 0 22 nd — .... 14 1 0 9 th — .... 30 10 0 23 rd — .... 20 0 0 10 th — .... 47 12 6 24 th — .... 53 0 0 13 th — .... 89 3 0 25 th — .... 8 5 0 12 th — .... 5 0 0 20 th ~ .... 18 1 0 13 ih — .... 9 0 6 27 th — .... 36 14 0 14 th 30 0 0 28 th — .... 17 10 0

      The Australian Diggings. In The Melbourn...

      THE AUSTRALIAN DIGGINGS . In the Melbourne Monmuj Herald of the 2 nd of April last there is an official statement of the number of ounces of gold which arrived in that town and at G-eelong at periodic limes from the 30 th Sept ., 1851 , to the 31 st of March , by the Government escorts . This statement is interesting- , as showing * the enormous and increasing yield of the Mount Alexander diggings . The totals from Sept . 30 , 1801 , to the 31 st of March , ' 1852 , are as follows :- —From Ballarat diggings , 32 , 825 ounces ; Mount Alexander di ggings , 260 , 398 ounces . A chamber of commerce had been ' established at Melbourne , and a statement had been published by them which contains an elaborate view of the condition and

      prospects of the colony of Victoria . According to this able document , whatever temporary inconveniences the colony has suffered , and is suffering , from the sudden discovery of gold , are likely to be amply compensated by its future extension and prosperity . The following are extracts from letters received by the recent arrivals : — " Melbourne , April 4 , 1852 .

      " The condition of society here exceeds anything' ever known , excepting- , of coime , California : the utter recklessnes of t . ! ie inhabitants of every class , but more especially the working classes , is truly marvellous . Your previous ideas are knocked sixes and sevens ; you feel your .-elf living in a condition in which there is one huge mistake , without knowing where to look for it . Only fancy a fellow asking me 5 ? . for taking a case of goods across a

      street ; an engineer to drive a steamer getting £ 80 per month , a joiner 14 s . a day , and a woman cook £ 30 to £ 40 a year , with nothing bui : plain victuals to dress up . Prices of goods of first necessity are monstrous , but more especially those manufactured in the colony . And yet with ail this apparent wealth , this extraordinary remuneration for labour , you find some social maxims ignoredsuch , for instance , as that ' poverty is a great instigation to crime ;'

      The Australian Diggings. In The Melbourn...

      and that 'in times of abundance and prosperity the ratio of crime demises . ' Now , this as applied to England is correct enough ; as applied to Victoria the very reverse has taken place ; for what the increased wealth the ratio of all manner oi crime has increased beyond far what even the increased population would or ought to give . And the last extraordinary crime which , for its audacity , has no parallel even in the disorganized state which , for a while , California had to pass through , is the plunder , in the middle of the night , hy a band of twenty armed ruffians , of a gold-ship ; they carried off in safety eight thousand some odd hundred ounce of gold , amounting in value to £ 30 , 000 . This robbery was committed a few evenings ago , and , so far , no tidings of the per-s

      petrators . " " Port Phillip . March 31 , 1852 . " The town is surprisingly fine as regards the width of the streets and the fine surrounding country . The people at present are the most vagabond set of fellows in appearance that you ever saw ; their principal amusement seems to be cabbing it , and becoming temporary proprietors of horses . Cab fare is at the almost

      incredible price of two guineas an hour , with no hope of ever getting a cab at all unless you have the orthodox moustache , long beard , . striped shirt , and general devil-umy-cave appearance of a successful miner . Everything here has the appenranceof a bustle thatis unnatural . House rent and lodging are enormous . There are a few hundred canvas tents out on the outskirts , and well may people be driven to this dilemma when in one dav twenty-one sail came hither , bringing between two and three thousand souls . "

      Bradford Social And De3iocratic Associat...

      Bradford Social and De 3 iocratic Association — At the meeting of the committee , on Tue-daay , Mr . John Smith was appointed secretary in the place of Mr . Rider , about fo remove to Leeds for a short time . It was decided to invite Mr . Julian Harney to revisit Bradford . The address of the Star of Freedom committee wa * read , and it was resolved to form a committee in Bradford . Myself and friends have already commenced canvassing f » r new subscribers , with every prospect of success—John Smith , Secretary . —P . S . Dr . M'Douall will lecture in the Odd Fellows' Hall on Sunday and Monday next . Mr . G . J . HoVyoake and Mr . Broom will each shortly deliver a course of lectures .

      A Lady Sailor . —Some amusement was created in Cork on Monday by the curious discovery , that a young and rather attractive girl had been parading the streets dressed in the garb of a sailor . Arrested by a policeman , she stated that her name was Agnes Corbett , and that she was a native of Limerick , where she resided with her brothers , who were possessed of property near this city . She had assumed the masculine attire for the purpose of endeavouring to work a passage to America as a sailor , hoping there to find her lover , a man named Alexander Moore , mate ' of a vessel . For protection she was removed to a separate and comfortable part of the bridewell , and her friends have been written to .

      Steam to Australia , —The Peninsular and Oriental Company ' s screw mail steamer Formosa , left Southampton for Port Phillip and Sydney on Saturday , to be placed on the mail station between Singapore and Australia . She was filled with passengers , and she took out a large amount of specie . Some hundreds of persons were in the Southampton docks to witness her departure . Jesuits in Austria . —The Emperor of Austria has formally re-established the orders of the Jesuits and the Redemptionists in Hungary .

      An Awkward Habit . —The Vienna correspondent of the ' Chronicle , ' describing the young Emperor ' s reception in Hungary , says : —The Fljens are few and far between , ' Vivat being the mot d ' ordre for the peasantry . This particularly struck the young Monarch at a certain village near Neutra , where the country population , that had been hunted up by the gendarmes to salute the Emperor , had assembled by the roadside for that

      purpose . ' Why ' Virat P exclaimed the Monarch to the Richter * , can they not shout Eljen ? " Sire , " replied the official , scratching his head , " it is difficult to explain the reason to your Majesty . " " Fear nothing , " replied the Sovereign , " and speak out , " " Well , Sire , I have done my best with them ; but when they cry ' Eljen ! " they always add the name of Kossuth , from mere habit . I thought it better therefore to teach them to cry ' Vivat !"

      The Cultures . ' —There is a regular migration of Corsicans to Paris . The citizens of Ajaccio and Bastia flock to the French capital as those of Edinburgh and Glasgow did to London on the accession o f gentle King Jamie to the English crown . A Penny-Theatre Hero . —Lord John Russell ' s play of " Don Carlos " has been translated into German , and is being prepared for the stage of one of the minor theatres at Vienna . It is a very stupid affair even for a lord .

      Scottish Goths . -In the ancient parish of Auldcambus , now part of the parish of Cockburnspath , Berwickshire , stands on a lofty position by the sea-shore , the venerable ruins of St . Helen ' s church , hitherto much admired as presenting an interesting specimen of simple Saxon architecture . The church is supposed to have been built so early as the seventh century . Lately a large portion of this edifice , and that the most valuable in an architectural point of veiw , has been pulled down to repair a neighbouring stone dyke . A Lucky Man . —A Glasgow painter took up a newspaper the other day , and found in it an advertisement to the effect that a relative had left him , £ 10 , 400 .

      Emigration to Australia . —Notwithstanding the thousands of " fortune seekers" who have sailed during the last few months for the " golden regions" of Australia from the ports of London , Liverpool , Glasgow , & c , the tide of emigration does not appear to have much subsided , as from 30 to 40 first class ships , varying from 500 to 2 , 000 tons , are entered to sail during the present month from London , Plymouth , or Liverpool , for Port Phillip , Melbourne , Geelong , Adelaide , and Sydney , Hew South Wales .

      The New Steam Yard at Devosport . —It is generally expected that the magnificent and extensive new government works known as thelCeyham Steamyard will be opened in the course of the present summer . Strange Affaik . —An undertaker named Avis was a few days ago brought before a police magistrate on a charge of bury ino- a child without a medical certificate , when it was ascertained that he still retained the body in his house , although upwards of two months have elapsed since the child died !

      New York Exhibition . —The programme of a world ' s industrial exhibition , to be held in New York , in 1853 , has heen issued . It is to be opened in May next .

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), Aug. 14, 1852, page 14, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns2_14081852/page/14/