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Northern Star (1837-1852), 15th May 1852, Edition 2 of 2, Page 7, " / THE SJIVAK 0*' FREEDOM. <¦ 7 , AI\y ...

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      Exiraonditfart Fatality.—The Clipper Sh'...

      : LOCAL INTELLIGENCE . ( From our own Correspondents . ) " rt lEBlUTIOS OF TDE TEST" OF / A ^ OUS I ^ AF OLEOX BURST LY EFFIGY AT RED L 1 LL , srRRET . ,. . nl tho dav that Louis Napoleon was masquerading ia S J westrun-him up . and burnt him m effigy at Rcd-V u ' lha ? S a small honse built in this place , and £ ; J " ' capped the chimnics , " I determined , in conjuncl ^ n with the rmster builder and carpenter , who are tho-Si Democrats , to eclipse the usual custom of hoisting Sdkerciief on a stick by way of flag . So we got three t £ K dags inscribed ' " Liberty '' "Equality" and « i Fr 3 » ernitv , " and mounted them on the roof of" Mazzini T'lla" as new house is named—it being in pure Italian

      . my Zt-le thon"h small I then assembled the workmen on a . iaffoldW . and we sang the " Marseillaise" in glorious style , endimr with shouts of the Republic , Democratic sua Socal ; and cheers in the true British s ' . yle , after s sentiment to the memory of the martyrs of liberty . I then explained to the men onr real principles as Red Republicans , contrary to the calumnies of our enemies . All ihjs went on in full view of Gatton House , and other znan-ions , the residence of the Lord of the Manor , and my landlord , Lord Monson . Tbe men , with their wives and families , enjoyed themselves in dancing , < £ c „ till sunset , when we took down our fl » g ? , and marched round tbe grounds , and ended in burning Louis , the base , Vase , burg larious , and bloody I in the midst of groans and hearty wishes that all tyrants were at tbat moment participators ; n his fiery fate . Tours fraternally , A RED-mix Democrat .

      " / The Sjivak 0*' Freedom. <¦ 7 , Ai\Y ...

      " / THE SJIVAK 0 * ' FREEDOM . <¦ 7 , AI \ y lo , 18 oV ___________*_—— y — - —~ —¦

      Lesion Of The Suffrage, Vote By Ballot. ...

      lesion of the Suffrage , Vote by Ballot . No Property Qoali-Jcstioo , amor * equal apportionment of members to property and population , abolition of pensions and sinecures , the reduction of taxation , separation of the church from ihe state . & e . Questions were then put to Mr . Jackson by Messrs . Rymill , Bates , and others , with respect to the Suffrage , Payment of Members , Laws of Primogeniture and Entail , & c ., to which he leplied tbat he was in favour of Manhood Suffrage- ; asainst Payment of Members , as he considered the country too much taxed already , and untieoTHn ^ ni tn fhn T . nws of Primogeniture and Entail .

      THE REPRESENTATION OP XORTHAMPTOX . A contest will take place for this borough . The present members , the Right Honourable Veroon Smith , War Secretary under the late Russell Administration , and Raikes Carrie . Esq ,, a London Banker ; two Whirs , opposed to everything in the shape of Democracr , -will be opposed by "Ward Jackson , Esq ., a complete Suffragist and Anti-Stato Churchman . A meeting of the electors took p lace in the Cirn Exchange , adjourned to tbe Market-square , upwards of 2 , 000 being present , to bear Mr . Jackson enunciate his ¦ political creed . He declared himself in favour of the Ex-

      The General Election. Akd This Dkjiuukau...

      THE GENERAL ELECTION . AKD THIS DKJIUUKAUI IN THE NORTH OF SCOTLAND . Mr . Charles Gilpin , of London , and the Hon . Arthur Siimaird are the candidates for the city of Perth , at present vscant by tbe accession of Fos Maule to the peerage . Mr . Gilp in declares for a large extension of the Suffrage , Vote by Ballot , & c . What a " large extension " means is left to tbe imagination . In Dundee there is no likelihood of any contest . Mr . Duncan , who has now represented the ooroueh in two parliaments , will walk tbe course , and considering the constituency it is not probable that a better man could be returned . Going further north , we come to Hontrose , the district of boroughs represented by Mr . Hnme . At one time there was some show of opposition , but we believe tbat has been withdrawn . In Aberdeen Provost Thompson has been put forward by the Liberals ,

      in opposition to Sir Andrew Leith Pay ; Forfarshire is represented by Lord D . G . HaHybarton , the said representative , however , has not been once in the Hou e of Commons during tbe session . On inquiring of one of onr local newspapers what bad become of him , we were told that a letter addressed to the Elysee , care of Louis Napoleon , would be sure to reach him . He is to retire , aud Lauderdale Maule , brother to Fox Maule , is to be brousht forward—such axe the preparations of the electora . What are the non-electors doing ? There are numbers of sterling Democrats here , but they are not organised . NOW , it seems to me , is ihe time for an attempted rallying of tbe Democratic force ? . The elections are at hand ; let the Democrats attend all electoral meetings , question the candidates , and , wherever possible , have a good and true man on the hustings . _ _

      Mr. Holyoake's Lectures At Bradford. Mr....

      MR . HOLYOAKE'S LECTURES AT BRADFORD . Mr . Holyoake has delivered three lectures at this place , which have created the greatest exciteaient known here for a long time past . The subjects were : — " Jesus Christ , considered as an example to modern Reformers ; " *« The moral innoeency of refuting Christianity where conscientiously disbelieved ; " and "Roman Catholicism , the type of the Orthodox Churches around us . " He had crowded audiences ; and some discussion with the parsons . Tbe Rev . B . Aekworth , Principal of Horton College , challeneed 3 Ir . Holyoake to a discussion , which was courteously accepted

      . OPENING OP THE NOTTINGHAM ARBORETUM . The Arboretnm and Refreshment Rooms , formed aud erected in a portion of the extensive ranges of land recently enclosed at Nottingham , was opened on Tuesday last , the lith inst . , by a public fete . The warehouses and shops were closed , and business ' suspended—in fact , it was a general holiday . The Mayor addressed the assembled thousands in a lengthy speech , in which "he congratulated the public on the possession of the noble walks , recreation grounds , and Arboretum , which were to be opened to the pablic , free of charge , three days in every week , and at a

      small charge on the remaining four days ; the sums realised by snch admission fee to he expended iu improving and beautifying these extensive and delightful grounds . " Several first rate bands of music were in attendance , and ample accommodation was afforded to those who wished to enjoy the " merry dance . " Five marquees , capable of seating 1 C 0 each , were provided , in wnich those could enjoy themselves with " the cup which cheers , but not inebriate ? , " at their pleasure , all intoxicating drinks being excluded , and strictly forbidden . The / ae concluded with a grand display of fireworks by Mr . Gyngell . The arrangements , as a whole , were highly satisfactory .

      Mr. Holyoake At Coventry. A Lecture In C...

      MR . HOLYOAKE AT COVENTRY . A lecture in connexion with the " Mutual Improvement Society , " was delivered on Monday evening last . May 10 th , at St . Mary ' s Hall , Coventry , by G . J . Holyoake , of London . Subject : " Secular Education , the best for the Scholar , and the safest for the State . " Mr . Brawett , member of the Town Council , was called to the chair . After a few remarks he introduced tbe lecturer . It is but just to say that , however widely we may differ with Mr . Holyoake in some things , we cannot differ with him on the subject of this lecture . The oration was delivered in a masterly style , displaying great talent , at the same time exemplifying charity to all parties . The lecturer , in the first Dart , went

      to show that , for a nation to be happy , prosperous , and free , the people must be educated ; secondly , he stated what sort of education , in his opinion , woold he best to teach tbe people how to achieve the desired blessings of freedom and happiness ; thirdly , tbat religious education bang mixed with secular , proved injurious to both , but tan tbey should ba taught separately . We wish that such orations could be delivered in tbe ears of all Sectarians , and that they might produce such effects as was produced on the chairman , who , at the close , said , Mr . Holyoake had created a change in his mind relative to Secular Education , and that he quite concurred in the opinions that bad been advanced . The audience was not so large as we have seen 2 B the Hall , but was respectable and intelligent .

      Mines And The Misers. Io The Suitor Of T...

      MINES AND THE MISERS . IO THE SUITOR OF THB STAR OF FREEHCM . , SuV-The subject of the vast sacrifice of human life in tbe coal mines of this country is attracting more than ever the attention of the owners and viewers of collieries , and there is no doubt but that if the great body of the miners themselves continue to press the matter upon public attention , that great good will result from their efforts A large and influential meeting was held yesterday in this town , to hear Mr . Nicholas "Wood , the eminent colliery viewer , deliver an inagural address on the formation of tbe Ecbool of mines for this district . Mr . Wood ' s address , which occupied considerable time in delivery , was clear and perspicuous , and well calculated to impress the audience with the necessity for such an Institution , He referred to tha inevitable errors and mistakes wLieh all

      merely practical men bad fallen into , and urged the immense benefits to all concerned ia having a school where the theory and practice could be combined , and both made available to the saving of human life and the property of the owners of the collieries . Mr- Wood fully explained ' bat a good colliery engineer should be acquainted with , rhat he should be well versed in geology in all that apper-• as to tbe fossil remains of what constitutes the coal ferrous ; the strata and its varieties laying above tbe coal r * ? . and the likelihood of tbe coal strata being iropregjpfl with inflammable gas , & c , clearly demonstrating ? mistakes and uncertain results mast inevitably follow ^ Th ncs of snc " knowledge . ? h ^ rn a tion of a school of miners in this district is but a fc - * of time «* foundation has been laid , and that by e * influential gentlemen in the town and district . It is to h - " " -uMgraiuHucu iu w io » ii nun uuiiisi . i »"

      j- ° ° e a part of the general school of miners now nrhi * i ^ Nto " . and supported by the government . The Mitnt are to ^ soniewbat similar to what conjj . j ™ the schools of mining enginceis on ihe Continent , abi h ^ been s 0 emuient ly successful in preparing j Uig engineers for their difficult and dangerous underihe f !^ t u y ° fsuch an institution will be apparent when bre-rf ls , ^ nown . that , although thousands of the miners JettiT - n onaproperandefScientmanager of the mines , an- mf not such a thing as a board of examination , nor a . l"Or , sed parties to ascertain -whether the individual m ! T £ ! pn'P P erson or not - Ifc is > however , to be posed iu - foraation of £ ° bools under the system prove n ™ 'j ! . future « a 11 sncU individuals who aspire to ° tttha e * i 7 ' Unot hava ta artive at the object vi ctims f- " , e < l cor ~ es of bnndreds of poor miners—the Tbe m ^^ P " 61508 and erroneous judgment . We th = ° f the Institution have * Very generouslv to * ° f char S of admission for thB workiii ]? colliers as tfi € m & eaca lectnre i wh 5 ch * eoahle many of « ,. _ . lU Obtain a 1-HAwIpH . o « f n onl . ; nPr ?! . * ;«» .-- „»_ i uiicrcsi 3

      , * = ni net-cn .. ii . ° " J "" ™» . 4 a nser mn J ; and wlU ^^ ennUe them to detect thenr osn n readU y , and thus , in many instances , ' save n » ves and those of their fellow men . Seweaotio * . Tours truly , ^ Oe-oo-Tyne afeyStfi , MiMlS IviM :

      Mines And The Misers. Io The Suitor Of T...

      THE FLOGGING MAJORITY . The following is a list of M . Ps ., who , on the night of Friday , May ftb , voted in favour of subjecting the militia to the punishment of flogging . "

      Militia Bill . Same Clause . —Amendment proposed , to add at the end of the clause tho following proviso : —Provided , also , that notwithstanding tbe said first recited act , or any other act , no punishment of any officer , non-commissioned officer , drummer , or private man of the militia , shall extend to flogging or other corporal punishment : —( Mr . Bright : ) --Question put , "That this proviso be there added . Ihe Committee divided—Ayes , 92 - , Noes , 199 . MAJORITY—SOES . Adderly . C . B . Heard , J . I . Archdall , Capt . 51 , Henley , Rt . Hon . J . W . Arkwrhrbt , G . Herbert , H . A . Bagge , W Hernes , Rt . Hon . J . C . Bailey 0 . Hildyard , R . 0 .

      , Bailey , J . Hildyard , T . B . T . B dllie , H . J . Hill , Lord E . Baird , J . Hodges , T . h . B . Mock , E ; H . Hope , Sir T . Bankes , Right . Hon . G . Hotham , Lord Barrington , Viscount Howard , Hon . C . W . G Barron , Sir H . \ V . Howard , Sir R . Benbow , J . Hudson , G Bennet , P . ? ? . he - A ; Bentinck , Lord H . iiglu , Sir R . H . Beresford , Rt . Hon . W . Jocelyn , Viscount Bernard , Viscount Jolliffe , Sir W . G . H . Best J Jones , Captain Blair , S . . Knox , Colonel Blandford Marquis of ? nox , Hon . W . S .

      . Boldero , H . G . Langton , T , V . H . P . G . Booker , T . W . Lennox , Lord A . G . Booth , Sir R , G . Lennox , Lord H . G . Bowles , Admiral Leslie , 0 . P . . Bramston , T . W . Lewisham , Viscount Bremridge . R . Lockhart , A . E , Btteson , T . Long , W . Bridges , Sir B . W . Lowther , Hon . Colonel Brisco , M . Lygon , Hon . General Broidwood , H . Magan , W . H . Brooke , Lord Mahon , the 0 ' Gorman Bruce , O . L . C . Mahon , Viscount Duller , Sir i . 1 . Mandeville , Viscount

      Burgh / ey , Lord Manners , Lord C . S . CabbelJ , B . B . Manners , Lord G . Campbell , Sir A . I . Manners , Lord J . Cavendish , Hon . C . C . March , Earl of Cavendish , W . G . ' Martin , 0 . W . Chaudos , Marquis of Matbeson , Colonel Chatterton , Colonel Maunsell , T . P . Chichester , Lord J . Maxwell , Hon . J . P Christopher , Rt . Hon . R . A . Meux , Sir B . Clerk , Right Hon . Sir G . Miles , P . W . S . Clive , Hon . R . H . Miles , W . Clive , H . B . Morgan 0 . Cobbold . j . c . Mackenzie . " vO .

      Cocks , T . S . Monday , TY . Codrington , Sir W . Naas , Lord Colvile , C . R . A apier , Right Hon . J . Corry , Right Hon . H . L . Neeld , John Cotton , Hon . "W . H . S . Keeld , Joseph Currie , H . Newport , Viscount Davies , H . A . S . Noel , Hon . G . 3-Dawson Hon . T . V . O'Brien , Sir L . Denison E . Paget , Lord G . Disraeli , Rt . Hon . B . Pakington , Right Hon . Sir J Dod , J . W . Palmer , Robert Drummond , H . Palmer , Roundell Drummond , H . H . Palmerston , Viscount Daff , J . Peel , Sir R . Buncombe , Hon . A . Peel , Colonel

      Buncombe , Hon . W . E . Pennant , Hon . Colonel Dunne , Colonel Portal , M . East , Sir J . B . Powlett , Lord W . Ebrington , Viscount Repton , G . W . J . Egerton , Sir P . Sandars , 3 . Egerton , W . T . ScOtt , Hon . F , Emlyn , Viscount Semer , H . K . Estcourt , J . B . B . Sibthorp , Colonel Euston , Earl of Smollett , A . Parrer , J . Spooner , R . Fellowes , E . Stafford , A . Ferguson , Sir R . A . Stanley , E . Filmer , Sir E . Stephenson , R . Fitzpatrick Rt . Hon . J . W . Stuart , H . Floyer , J . Stuart , J .

      Forbes , W . Sturt , H . G . Forester , Rt . Hon . Col . Talbot , C . R . M . Freestun , Col . Taylor , Colonel Freshfield , J . W . Tennent , Sir J . E . Frewin , C . H . Thesiger , Sir F . Galway Viscount Thompson , Alderman Gilpin , Colonel Tollemache , J . Gladstone , Rt . Hon . "Vy " . E . Trevor , Hon . T . Goddard , A . L . Trollope , Rt . Hon . Sir J Gore , W . R . 0 . Tyler , Sir G . Golbura , Ht . Hon . H . Tyrell , Sir J . T . Granby , Matquis of Verner , Sir "W .

      Greene , T . Vesey , Hon . T . Grogan , E . Villiers , Viscount Guernsey , I ord Vyse , R . H . R . H . Gwyn , H . Walpole , Right Hon . S . H Hale , R . 3 . Walsh , Sir J . B . Hall , Colonel Wegg-Prosses , F . R . Halsey , T . P . Wellesley , Lord C . Hamilton , G . A . "Whiteside , J . Hamilton , J . H . Williams , T . P . Hamilton , Lord C . Worcester , Marquis Of Harcoutt , G . G . "Wynn , H . W . W . Hardinge , Hon . C . S . Yorke , Hon E . T . Tellers Hayes , SirE .

      Births And Deaths-Health Of The Metropol...

      BIRTHS AND DEATHS-HEALTH OF THE METROPOLIS . ( From the Report of the Registrar-General . ) Last week tbe births of 810 boys and 850 girls , in all 1 , 660 children were registered in London . The average number of seven corresponding weeks in tho years 1845-51 was 1 . 37 L „ , „ In the week that ended last Saturday the number of deaths registered in the metropolitan districts was 972 , In the ten corresponding weeks of 1842-51 the average number of deaths was 898 , which , if raised in proportion to increase of population , becomes 988 . The rate of mortality now prevailing , therefore , differs little from the average amoaat . ....

      The gradual decline of mortality which at this season accompanies an increasing temperature is shown as follows : —In the third week of March the deaths rose to 1 , 208 ; in the second week of April they fell to 1 , 051 ; and in the first week in May to 972 . The mean weekly temperatures that marked these several periods were 40 . 5 deg ., 44 . 0 deg ., and 48 . 1 deg . Of the 972 persons enumerated in tbe present return , 498 were males and 474 females ; 451 died under 15 years of age , 339 at 15 years and under 60 , and 176 at 60 and upwards . As compared with the results of the previous week there is a decrease both in the deaths caused by epidemics taken altogether , and those by diseases of tbe respiratory organs , the former having declined from 232 to 193 , the latter from 187 to 166 . In the respective weeks dropsy was fatal to 17 and 14 persons , cancer to lfi and 22 , scrofula to 9 and 15 , tabes mesenteric * to 16 and 17 , phthisis to 131 and 130 , bronchitis to 86 and 74 , pneumonia to 67 and 62 . Last week six women died of puerperal fever , besides 12 others who sunk under other diseases incidental to child-bearing .

      "Respectable" Robbery. False Weights Axd...

      "RESPECTABLE" ROBBERY . False Weights axd Measubes . —On Wednesday , at tbe Court of the High Steward for Westminster , the following returns were made of persons fined for using false weights and measures : —Mr . Edshed , general dealer , 35 , Tothill-strept , a scale haW-an-ounce against the purchaser , 03 . ; — Ellery , chandler , ID , Gardner ' s-lane , a beam scale , imperfect and destroyed , 2 s . 6 d . ; John Croft , cheesemonger , 3 , Knightsbridge-terrace , a pair of scales against the purchaser , 10 s . ; Thomas Pike , coal dealer , 8 , Middle-row , Knightabridge , % coal machine 13 ounces against the buyer , and a coak measure very deficient , 10 s . ; George Logsden , of the Life Guardsman , Knightsbridge , three measuring pots , very deficient , 15 s . ; James Hawkins , chandler , High-road , Knightsbridge , a counter scale five drachms against the purchaser , and a scuff scale imperfect , 5 s . ; William George , landlord of the Rose aud Crown , Knightsbridge , three measuring and three plain pots , very deficient , 25 s . ; J . L . Street , the Trevor Arms , Knightsbridge , pots

      deficient , 7 s . Gd . ; —Duckett , grocer , 18 , Hi gh-street , Knightsbridge , a counter machine and two scales very imperfect , -5 s . ; Mary McGhee , chandler , 19 , Rose-street , Coventgarden , a half-peck measure very deficient , 2 s . Gd . ; John Hill , baker , 13 , Mercer-street , a scale seven drachms against the buyer , os . ; Thomas Carey , the Red Lion , Charles-street , six pots very deficient , 15 s . ; Henry Broome , licensed victualer . 22 , Haymarket , two pots deficient , Ss . ; Charlton , baker , Marylebone-street , weights deficient , 2 s . Cd . ; —Dodd , coal dealer , 6 , George-court , six weights and two measures deficient , and two coak measures deficient and destroyed , 7 s . 6 d . ; James Campbell , Regent-street , two measuring pots deficient , 10 s . ; George Davies , licensed victualler , 15 , Conduit-street , three spirit measures deficient , 15 s . ; J . W . Wilcocks , licensed victualler , 40 , Maddox-street , two-and-a-half gills deficient , 10 s . ; Samuel Smith , tho Portsmouth Arms , Shepherd-street , two pots deficient , os . ; — Holloway , coal dealer , Hanover-place , a coal machine four ounces agaiast the buver , 2 s . 6 d .

      Fatal Revjbxge.—The Conductor Of The Dil...

      Fatal Revjbxge . —The conductor of the diligence which coes from Figeac to Limogne , named Lescale , having been aware for some time that improper relations existed between his wife and a tradesman of the place , named Vayssie , often warned them if they continued , he would take vengeance on them , but they took no notice . A few days ago he left the town with his diligence as usual , but after proceeding a short distance , requested the passengers to wait for a short time as he had forgotten something of great importance . He then hastened hoaie , and finding the door fastened , entered by a window , and discovered the guilty pair faking a bath together : He at once struck Vayssie on the head with a hammer , and afterwards drew a knife and wounded him mortally the wife took to flight . After accom plishing bis vengeance . Tbe conductor returned calmly to his diligence , and continued his journey . The next day on his return he gave himself up to the authorities : — Galignani ' s llessenger .

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      Monday, May 10. House Of Lords.—Masters ...

      MONDAY , May 10 . HOUSE OF LORDS . —Masters in Chancery Abolition Bill was read a second time on the motion of the Lord Chancellor , and ordered to be referred to a select committee . Lord Rbdesdalb moved for copies of tho forms of writs used for tho summoning and prorogation of tho convocation of tbe clergy for the province of York , and stated that the object of his motion was to procure the same privileges for tho clergy of the province of York with respect to convocation as were ci . joyed b y their brethren of the province of Canterbury . The motion was subsequently withdrawn , and tbe house adjourned at seven o ' clock . HOUSE OF COMMOXS .-Mr . Isaac Butt , Q . C ., took the oaths and his seat for Harwich . The hon . member was introduced to the house by Sir R , Inglia and Mr . G . A . Hamilton .

      ASSIOXMEST OP THE FORFEITED SEATS . —The ClTANCKLLOn of the Exchequer moved for leave to bring in a bill to assign the four seats in parliament in lieu of St . Albans and Sudbury . He observed that ; , although ho had not defined all tbe measures which her Majesty ' s government had proposed , as being of paramount importance , to bring before the house prior to tho dissolution of parliament , and the house had been too generous to demand more precise information , he did , in the middle of March , voluntarily express their intentions with regard to ' some of those measures . He I ad then said that one of those measures which they deemed of paramount importance was , in tho event of the bill for the disfrachisement of the borough of St . Albans receiving the sanction of parliament , the completion of the constitutional number of the agnregato

      memoers oi tne uouse oi uommons , which , in the opinion of her Majesty ' s government , was highly expedient before the dissolution of parliament . It had been suggested that the learned societies in the metropolis should furnish members to that house ; but these societies in tho nineteenth century did not necessarily consist of learned men and it would bo difficult to draw the line ; for if the Royal Society should be entitled to send a representative to that house , upon what principle could the Geographical , the Zoological , the Astronomical , or any new societies or scientific clubs be excluded ? Then it had been said that the Royal Colleges and Academies mi ght be endowed with the franchise ; but if their constitutions were examined , it would be found that , generally speaking , they were self , elected . The nonrepresented Uni versifies constituted another class of

      claimants ; out though their claims were extremely plausible , in the Scotch Universities the elements of a constituency were totally wanting , and in those of London ho did not find the conditions indispensable to Bach a concession . Another proposition had been urged with great force , namely , to concede one member at least to the four Inns of Court , whioh could supply a large and respectable constituency ; but he thought it would be a hopeless task to propose to allocate a member to such a constituency whilst other large constituencies were denied the franchise ; and he knew , moreover , that there existed a prejudice , in which he did not share , against a larger infusion of lawyers into that house . He , therefore , renounced reluctantly any attempt to form a constituency from those elements . The government considered tbat the claims of different portions of the constituency depended very much upon the relative degrees of representation they now possessed ; and , in this view , the claim of one constituency

      seemed to be paramount , namely , the West Riding of Yorkshire . They proposed , therefore , tbat two of the vacant seats should bo awarded to that country ; that the West Riding should be divided into two portions defined by the boundary of tbe Midland Railway , the portion south and west of the line to be called the South Division of the West Riding ; the portion north and east of tho line to be called the Northern Division ; tbe constituency of the latter division would be 17 , 965 ; that of tho former 18 , 785 . Her Majesty ' s government had resolved to recommend- tho apportionment of the two other vacant seats to tbe Southern Division of tbe county of Lancaster . There were details relative to these arrangements which he would not dwell upon ; and , in conclusion , he expressed a hope that the propositions he had offered would bo adopted , and tbat they would contribute to the welfare of tbe community , and increase the strength and lustre of the House of Commons .

      Mr . Gladstone said he should confine himself to the question whether this subject was one into which the house at the present moment should consent to enter , and it was his intention to move that the house pass to the order of the day . If Mr . Disraeli had shown that there was a constitutional urgency for a settlement of tbis question , the houso should grant him leave to introduce his bill ; but if he had failed to show a constitutional necessity , ho ( Mr . Gladstone ) contended that this was no trivial or optional matter , and tbat a strong constitutional principle called upon the house to refuse such permission . There had been

      an understanding , the substance of which was clear , that no measure not of immediate urgency should be submitted to the house before a dissolution of parliament . Great inconvenience attended the introduction of such a measure as this . It was a sound canon , tbat for all measures , except those of immediate urgency , tho eve of a dissolution of parliament was the very worst moment . With respect to this measure , although the scale of the subject was small , it was one that deserved the most serious consideration , and which should be approached and settled once for all whea tbe Administration was in full possession of political . power . He moved tbe order of the day .

      After a short pause , during which no member rose , the house

      divided—For the motion 148 For the amendment ... 234—86 The proposition of the government was accordingly lost . THE MILITIA . The house then went into committee ou the Militia Bill , resuming at clause 7 . Upon the question that the seventh clause stand part of the bill , Mr . wakley moved that the Chairman report progress . After a pretty long , but uninteresting , debate , this motion was , upon a division , negatived by 156 against 85 . The Committee then divided upon tho clause , which was carried by 169 against 82 . The eighth clause , " Quotas of counties to be fixed by order in council , " underwent a long discussion before its scope and the object of its provisions could be understood . In the end .

      Mr . M . Gibsojj moved tbat the clause bo postponed ; but tbis motion was negatived on a division , and , after some further discussion , the clause was agreed to . The Chairman then reported progress , and obtained leave to sit again on Friday . Several bills were advanced a stage . TUESDAY , Mat 11 . HOUSE OF LORDS . — Chicory . — Lord Rkdesdale presented a petition from a respectable farmer , complaining tbat the Excise had interfered with bis sale of a preparation of mangel wurzel or beetroot , called booka ; and praying that it might be placed on the same footing as chicory . The noble lord stated that the petitioner had been threatened by tbe Excise with prosecution for selling this root on tbe score of its being like coffee , whereas chicory was allowed freely to be sold for coffee .

      The Earl of Derby said the Excise had not attacked the petitioner , but he bad assailed the Excise ; he had , in fact , put his bead into tbe lion ' s moutb . ( A laugh ) . [ Not content with selling the article , he must needs write to the Excise , telling them what an admirable article it was as a substitute for coffee ( a laugh ) , and begging tbem to let him mix a little coffee with it and sell it as such . ( Laughter ) . Surely , after that , he could scarcely complain of being told by the Excise , tbat if he did so , he would be liable io penalties for selling an exeiseable article without a licence , and also for selling a counterfeit article in lieu of a genuine exeiseable article . ( Hear , hear ) . If the petitioner were content with simply selling the article he grew , without either selling it as coffee or mixing it with coffee , he would not be molested ; but , otherwise it was his own fault if he were exposed to penalties for breaking the law .

      A great number of petitions against the continuance of the grant to Maynootb , were presented by the Earl of Shaftesbury and the Duke of Argyll . Lord Montbaglb presented a petition complaining of the practical exclusion of natives in India from superior official employments . On the motion of the Archbishop of Carterbury the report of the Colonial Bishop ' s Bill was agreed to . The house then adjourned till Friday . HOUSE OF COMMONS . —Teb Maymooth GnANT .-Afcer the presentation of a great number of petitions against this grant , Mr . Spooner , ia moving for a Select Committee to inquire into the system of education carried on at the College of Maynootb , said it was his anxious desire , and

      w ould be his earnest attempt , to abstain from anything that could hurt feelings or wound prejudices . He charged the Maynootb system with being injurious to society , with creating immorality , and with being completely subversive of the true principles of allegiance . Although he should limit bis argument to these points , still he maintained tbat the original grant to the College , was ia itself bad in principle , and tbat all the forebodings of those who had opposed it , had been fully realised : that tbe system taught there was antagonistical to the Word of God , and a national sin , and as such , it was his earnest wish to see the grant refused . Confining himself , however , to the policy of the measure , he anticipated and combated the objections which might be offered to his motion , —tbat there had been already an inquiry , and that tho grant had been confirmed by act of Parliament , —contending that the question of faith was not involved , and that parliament was at full liberty to repeal the grant , whenever the

      conduct of the grantees was known to be injurious to the public weal and dangerous to the monarchy . He then examined at much length the doctrines which appeared from books used at the College to be inculcated there , in respect to oaths and their obligations ; to morality and honesty , including the distinctions between mortal sins and venial sins ; to tho supremacy of the Romish Ecclesiastic law abovu tho Constitutional law , and its authority over even heretics ; to contracts with heretics , and to confession . In order to prove the encroaching spirit of tho Romish Church , Mr . Spooner contrasted the declarations made and pledges given by its clergy in Ireland previous to Roman Cathlic Emancipation—whereby many Protestants had been reconciled to that measure—with its recent pretensions , and he pledged himself if a committee were granted , to show that the disloyalty , and even rebellion which had appeared in Ireland , might be traced to the teaching and were in accordance with the doctrines inculated at Maynootb .

      The Marquis of Blandjobd seconded the motion upon this single ground—that , if the facts stated by Mr . Spooner were true , thee could be but one inference—namely , that

      Monday, May 10. House Of Lords.—Masters ...

      the house was bound to concede an inquiry . He enlarged upon tbe proofs furnished by the Roman Catholic clergy of Ireland of the obstructive policy of their church in relation to tho education of the people , and called upon the house to tako measures for the repeal of an endowment which , he believed , was repudiated by tbe people of this country . Mr . Anstey moved , by way of amendment , a resolution , that the house will resolve itself into a committee to consider of a bill for repealing tbe Maynooth Endowment Act , and all other acts for charging tho revenue in aid of ecclesiastical or relig ious purposes , arguing that neither Roman Catholics nor Protestants could , without a violation of religious liberty , bo taxed for the support of institutions connected with a faith to which they did not belong . The withdrawal of these grants would remove from tho house questions of polemics , for which it was a very unsuitable arena .

      . . Tbe amendment was seconded by Mr . Scuouhelo , who , while opposed to the original motion , did not moan to record his admiration of tbe endowment of Maynooth , to which ho was as little friendly as Mr . Spooner ; but he would not join in an attack upon a small endowment to a Roman Catholic college whilst the hrge endowments of the Protestant Church were left untouched . Mr . Walfole , on the part of the government , wished to mike an early statement of the course they meant to pursue . All agreed that this question , whether regarded in a political or a social and moral aspect , was one of tbe utmost difficulty : Under these circumstances , he uppreached the question with caution and forbearance ; but approach it he must , for tho hold it had taken upon the nublic mind was such that the government could not and

      should not evade it . As to tho amendment , it sought not inquiry , but the repeal of this and all similar acts , and the establishment of tho voluntary principle . So largo a question should be brought forward , if at all , as a substantive motion . Mr . Spooner ' s motion , for an inquiry into the system of education at the College of Maynooth , raised tho question whether the grant had or had not answered its purpose . There were two arguments against inquiryfirst , that the question was concluded in 1845 , and ought nottobero-opened ; second , that tho grant itself was so vicious in principle that it ought to bo repealed at once . With regard to the first , since Parliament had mado the grant , Parliament had a rigbt to recall it . When tbe grant was made perpetual in 1845 , Sir R . Peel stated two grounds for the measure—first , the poverty hanging over tho

      college ; second , that it would break up a formidable confederacy in Ireland against tho British government nnd Brifish connexion . There were three purposes for which tho grant was made—first , to secure a well-educated , loyal , and domestic priesthood ; second , to provide funds for their instruction ; afid , third , to break up by generosity what Sir R , Peol termed a "formidable confederacy . " Then , had these , or any of these , purposes been answered ? This was a question which the house was bound to consider before it determined whether or not this committee should bo granted . Had there been a well-educated , loyal , domestic priesthood in Ireland ? Up to a certain time there may hare been ; but there wero strong reasons for believing that many of the priesthood educated at this college were members of different orders who do not remain a domestic

      priesthood . Had not the character of tho priesthood changed of late years ? He feared that , instead of confining themselves , as they ought to do , to the supporting of their own religion , tbey had , in fact , assumed an aggressive character . He alluded to what had taken place since Dr , CuUen had come into Ireland . If the facts wero so , measures should bo taken against an application of the public money to any other than its legitimate purpose—to provide a well-educated , loyal , and domestic priesthood . The grant had been intended by Sir R . Peel as a messenger of peace ; it was made in a liberal and confiding spirit ; and he would ask any man if the system of education at Maynooth adh had tbe tendency designed by Sir R . Peel ? These were tbe reasons which induced the government to think tbat some inquiry ought to be made—namely , that the conditions of

      the grant had not been adequately fulfilled , and tbat the objects for which it was made no longer existed to the same extent . He thoueht , therefore , that the country had a right to ask , and that the house was bound to consent to an inquiry , and by the results of that inquiry his oirn opinion would abide . Mr . Osborne denounced this as a mean attempt to raise a " Kb Popery" cry with which to go to the hustings . Tho hon . member for Warwickshire had quoted liberally from Thomas Aquinas ; he would also quote from more modern productions—he would quote from , tbe past speeches of some of the Cabinet ministers . ( "Hear , hear , " and laughter , ) The right hon . gentleman the Secretary for the Colonies , on the occasion to which he referred , also coincided with the views of Lord Derby . Tho right hon . gentleman be did not see in his place ; but he should be

      glad to know whether he had changed his views since 1845 , just as he had changed them on the question of the saccharine duties . ( Hear , hear . ) These were the words of the rigbt hon . gentleman , in 1845 : — " He did not think it inconsistent with his duty as a churchman to give the endowment of Maynooth hia support—not a cold or hesitatingsupport-not a reluctant support extracted by party ties , but a cordial and willing Jsupport , founded on deep conviction—first , that they must not venture to leave Maynooth on its present footing ; secondly , that this measure was called for as a step in that wise and conciliatory policy towards Ireland which every government should attempt to carry out . " He would next quote an extract from the speech of a noble lord who was supposed to represent tbe chivalry of tho house ( Lord John Manners ) , who was then

      As free a man , and he supposed he might add ;

      As when wild in woods the noble savage ran . ( Loud laughter . ) Tho noble lord said : — "The cry is raised , ' The Church is in danger . ' I admit that it is ; but not from this grant to Maynooth , nor from the Vatican , nor the Jesuits , that the Irish Church is in peril ; it is from herself ; from her own self-willed and disobedient laity that she is is danger . They who would have her isolate herself from the rest of Catholic Christendom fraternise with the Puritan , and denounce priestcraft with the Presbyterian ! I admit tbe Cbnrcb to be in danger . I am irresistibly reminded of the dying words of the murdered Laud on the scaffold . They may who list trace all the glory , renown , and magnificence of the old English monarchy to the Dutch conquest of 1688 even in the penal code and Protestant ' ascendancy , the safeguard of the empire , but , for myself , I claim a liberty to mount higher , and to act in 1845 as though'Will / am III . had died Stadtholder of Holland . " The noble lord went on to

      say—The priests ; those gentle priests and good , Their fathers loved to hear , Sole type below , midst work and woe , Of the God whom they revere , " Acknowledge frankly , and at once , tbat power whioh you admit to be so great , and which hitherto , with a fatal obstinacy , you pretend to ignore . Accredit a minister to the Vatican ; receive a nuncio at St . James ' s With every feeling of confidence as a Churchman , I am not acting disloyally , towards the Church , in sanctioning this measure , and , as a statesman , that I am promoting tbe best interests of my country , I give my vote for the permanent endowment of the College of Maynooth . " He could not understand gentlemen talking of their love for their Roman Catholic fellow-subjects , and yet using

      terms with regard to their faith , such as those made use of by tho hon , member for North Warwickshire . If we wished to maintain the union between tbis country and Ireland , we were bound to place tbe priesthood of the large mass of the people on the same level as tho clergy of other parts of the population , The noble lord who seconded the motion , had also stated , that be was opposed to tho propagation of error . But he wished to ask the noble lord how fie got over the propagation of error , as he called it , in our colonies—in Malta , Mauritius , Gibraltar , and Canada , in all of which grants were made for the Roman Catholic religion by direct vote of that house ? In Ireland there were not fewer than 280 Roman Catholic , chaplains for the workbouses paid by direct vote of that house . If he recollected rightly , the government of this country in 1 S 33 , laid a

      foundation for a Hindoo college , and for a Mabomedan colleg © in India . He wished to know whether the hon . member was acquainted with the peculiar rites of the Hindoo religion ? If he was , what must be thought of that odour of sanctity which strained at a Maynooth gnat , but swallowed a Hindoo camel—whioh pronounced the doctrines of Maynooth to be damnable , yet overlooked the very indecent doctrines of Benares . ( A laugh ) . Why was it that the hon . gentleman and hia school so respected the Hindoo faith of the east , and so despised the Roman Catholic faith of the West ? The reason was , they knew that if we treated India as we treated Ireland , our empire would totter to its destruction . ( Hear ) . The right hon . gentleman tbe Secretary of State bad stated , that the character of the Irish priesthood had become changed , and bad left tbe houso to imagine that they had been counsellors of rebellion . If the

      right hon . gentleman had examined the statistics of the College of Maynooth , he would have found that Archbishop Cullen was not educated at that college . ( Hear , hear ) . Was the right hon . gentleman aware that during the late confederacy but one priest bred at Maynootb bad taken part with the Young Ireland party , and that priest was Father Kenyon ? ( Hear . ) The priests who sympathised -with Mr . Smith O'Brien wero not members oi' Maynooth ; yet the right hon , gentleman had come down on the eve of a general election , and had told the house that inquiry was necessary , because the priests wero disloyal and conductors of rebellion . ( Hear , hear . ) Was the right hon . gentleman not aware that many of the sympathisers with Smith O'Brien were ^ memb ers of Trinity College , and that the famous song , "Who dares to speak of ' 93 " was witten by a fellow of that college ? The question had been made a hustings cry . It was evident tbat the government had no distinct set of princi ples to guide them . In the present case they bad persuaded tbe hon . member for North

      Warwickshire to act on the doctrine of expediency , preached the other day at the Mansion House , and now practised in St . Stephen ' s . ( Hear . ) lie grounded his opposition to the motion on the high grounds of justice , They were about to add 80 , 000 men to tho military force of the countrv , and it was most inconsistent , if danger were apprehended " , to do tbat which would lose them their last defence—the goodwill of the people oflreland . The right hon . gentleman , the Home Secretary , in supporting such a motion , was not acting as a minister of tho British crown OUght to act , but as a minister of a party , and was ' in danger of realising the prophecy uttered by that gieat man , tho late Mr . Sbiel , when he said , that if religious bigotry should ever animate thelgovernment ofthis country in its policy towards Ireland , there would arise in Ireland a party who would desiand a repeal of the union between the two countries . He should give his decided vote against the motion . ( Cheers . ) Mr . A . B . Hope likewise opposed what he termed a hybrid motion , which , pretending to ask inquiry , breathed nothing but persecution .

      Monday, May 10. House Of Lords.—Masters ...

      Mr . Sewdeoate supported the motion—a moderate and reasonable proposition , which could not , he said , be refused without treating the people of this country with con-Mr . Mossell complained that Mr . Walpole , in tho high position of a minister of the crown , had not uttered a word of reprobation of the statements so wantonly made by Mr . Spoonor , the real object of whose motion , he contended . was not to inquire or dimish the grant , but to take it away , andI diminish the number of the Roman Catholic clergy in Ireland , and to that object Mr . Walpole had given his adhesion . He ( Mr . Monsell ) , speaking for himself should not oppose inquiry , because he believed that a fair inquiry would amply vindicate the character of the college . Mr . Moore accused Mr . Snooner of perverting and

      falsifying somo of the extracts he had read , and of bringing forward a motion totally different from that wbich he had formerly proposed , betraying in that house an agitation to which ho pandered out of it . " Mr . Gladstone said ho was prepared to give his vote in favour of tho motion : but the subject was of so much importance , and he differed so much from Mr . Spooner ' s speech , that he could not record a silent vote . Although he did not contend that parliament was bound by any compact to maintam the grant , yet , unless it could be shown that tho ob jects of the endowment bad failed , and the expectations entertained at tho time of the endowment had been frustrated , both prudence and justice demanded tho maintenance of the grant - , and it appeared to him that such failure coild not be shown . If the endowment wis to be withdrawn , tho parliament tbat Withdrew it must be

      prepared to enter upon the whole subject of the reconstruction of ecclesiastical arrangements in Ireland . He did not say whether this would be right or wrong , but it was the necessary as well as the logical consequence of tbe course upon which the house was entering . M serious case bad , in his opinion , been made out to prove the failure of the endowment ; not a single student had left Maynooth since the enlargement of the grant , ; he should , therefore , hav * preferred the delay of the inquiry until a liter period . At the same time , when a motion of this kind was made , he a « reed with Mr . Monsell , that the friends of Maynootb should cast no obstacles in its way . Prudence and justice however , prescribed limits to the ' inquiry . The mover and

      his seconder looked upon inquiry simply as a means of establishing certain charges upon which they had made up their minds , as a step to b o repeal of the grant . Bdt a Select Committee appointed upon tbe motion of gentlemen expressing such sentiments could not be entrusted with such an inquiry . It was a national question , and in all preceding cases had been dealt with by the Executive government , and he proposed that this inquiry should be conducted under tho immediate superintendence and responsibility of the Executive government . Further , the inquiry ought not to extend to the general character of the doctrines , discipline , and exercise of the Roman Catholic religion within the walls of the College of Mavnootb .

      j- 11 ° , "AN opposed the motion , which , he said , was dictated by a spirit that , if indu ' ged , would render it impossible to live in Ireland . ' Sir R , Isauz said Mv . Gladstone , admitting that there had been no compact between the Imperial Legislature and Maynootb tbat should bar tho former from modifying tbe grant , had added that , if the grant were conclude , tha house should be prepared for new ecclesiastical arrangements in Ireland . Did not tbis mean that there should be a further confiscation of Church property ? He should vote for the motion , but , considering that there was a prospect of a speedy dissolution of parliament , he thought it was not desirable that the house should engage in such a * inquiry . Mr . Home wished the Secretary for Ireland to tell thf house what effect this motion would have on sovon-eightsol

      its population—amotion ill-timed , most injurious , and ton . ding to persecution . Lord Palmerston stated the grounds upoa which he inv tended to vote against both the original motion and the amendment . He thought that the house was entering upon an unwise course , and which , if tho motion should be ngreed to , must either end in a nullity or lead to dangerous consequences . So ground had been laid for tho motion , the object of which was to withdraw the grant—a course which would not abolish ultramontane influence in Ireland , but , on the contrary , would force the Irish priesthood to seek education abroad . He believed the motion had arisen from feelings out of doors , which had unfortunatelv been

      aroused amongst the Protestants of this country by what he should never shrink from characterisinc as the aggressive and unjustifiable proceeding of the Court of Roma , But let not the house visit this act upon the Catholic youth of Ireland intended for the ministry , which would be as impolitic as it was unjust . It appeared to him that the motion was one of vengeance , and if so , it was at variance with all sound principles of national policy , and on that ground he resisted it , Moreover , if an inquiry was necessary , no machinery was so objectionable as a committee of that house ; it should be conducted by Commissioners appointed by the government , and not committed to the rough hands of a Committee ,

      Mr . Sergeant Murphy moved the adjournment of the debate Mv . Reysolds supported the motion for the adjournment He said tbat he might probably vote for the inquiry . ( A laugh ) . He might and he might not . ( Renewed laughter . ) There were three courses to bo pursued . Ono was to vote for the motion , another to vote against it , and the third not tovotoatall . ( Laughter . ) Ho ( Mr . Reynolds ) was quite at liberty to adopt any one of those three courses . He begged , however , to remind tho author of this intolerant and insulting and impertinent motion , of the old adage that

      " those who live in glass houses should not throw stones , " and tbat it might be insisted that an inquiry should DO mado with regard to the united church of England and Ireland—a church establishment comprising not more than one-seventh of the population , possessing a tytlm rent charge of £ 000 , 000 a year , and whose bishops and deans held 1 , 000 , 000 of green acres . Alter sumo observations by Mr . Henry Drummond , and a smart assault upon the Chancellor of the Exchequer by Mr . Keogh , the debate was adjourned until Tuesday , that day week .

      Tbe remaining . business having been disposed of , the house adjourned at twenty minutes past twelve o ' clock . WEDNESDAY . May 12 . HOUSE OF COMMONS . —The Taxes on Knowledge , —The debate ( adjourned on the 22 nd ult . ) upon the resolution moved by Mr . M . Gibson , " That such financial arrangements ought to be made as will enable Parliament to dispense with the duty on paper ; that the newspaper stamp duty ought to be abolished ; and that the tax on advertisements ought to be repealed , " was resumed by Mr . Cowan , who explained the nature of the restrictions peculiarly applicable to the manufacture of paper , the tendency of which , he said , was to obstruct improvements . The Excise duty fell with great severity upon certain branches of this manufacture—cards , boards , boxes , and package ? for British articles exported—and the vexatious processes of supervision occasioned a further outlay . But for tbe depressing and crushing effect of these duties and restrictions , the paper manufacture would have attained a far greater extension than it now had .

      Mr . Gladstone said , although he should be heartily glad when the time came at which the duty on paper should ba repealed , on the present occasion such a proposal should not be entertained . There were , however , so many interesting circumstances connected with this duty , that it was a question which might be very usefully discussed in tbe bouse . If the paper duty were taken oft ' , we ought to be tbe cheapest producers and largest consumers of boohs in the world , whereas now the demand was narrower and the prices of hooks were higher in this than in any other country . SirW . Clay thought there could be no tax mora worthy of consideration than the paper duty ; but he was not prepared to pledge the house to an opinion which ought not to be recorded unless it was intended to be acted upon , and the state of the revenue might not permit its

      remis-350 n ' . ,. . , Mr . Mowatt thought that this question was intimately connected with tbe education and employment of the people . The fact was tbat they took a far greater sum from the people in the shape of paper duties than they ; spent on them in education , and with regard to the question of employment , the paper duty deprived the people of the means of gaining their living to an extent far greater than the amount which those duties produced . Thby all Knew how much the Messrs . Chambers had contributed to the moral and useful information of the people . About five years back , vhen engaged in endeavouring to supply the demand for cheap and popularHteraiure , they were stojiped in limine by the paper duty , they , however , persevered with their " Miscellany , " until they obtained a circulation of no loss

      than 80 , 000 a week ; but even then they were obliged to succomb and give up the publication in consequence of the heavy duty upon paper . Mr . Knight had also shown that he had paid in duty upon the paper of the " Penny Encyclopedia " alone £ 30 , 000 , which left him no return whatever for his capital . It was true tbat a largo book consumed more paper than a small one ; but it had been shown that half a farthing in the pound would turn the scale as respected the production of books , besides which there was tbe vexatious interference of the Excise officer with the manufacturer . As regarded the newspaper press , the effect of a penny stamp was to involve a large amount of capital , which consequently gave a monopoly of the press to capitalists . With respect to the advertisement duty , it was cruel to throw difficulties in the way of tha

      working classes tor making known their wants and ottlining employment . And yet all this cruelty and wrong was perpetrated and perpetuated for a paltry revenue of £ 160 , 000 . These taxes were a direct interference with native industry . In Prance hundreds of thousands ot people found employment in the manufacture of paper : in England that source of employment was cut off by reason of theW taxes . This was a practical lesson that England should take home to herself . Moreover , they caused the manufacture of paper to remain stationary in this country , and therefore prevented its development . The Americana bought tho dross of the English cotton-mills , and made it into Jpaper , which was prevented in this country by the

      taxes in question . Thousands were prevented therefore from earning their daily bread by their pressure . It was no answer to say that the repeal of these taxes would press on the revenue ; because a caso had been shown that their existence was otherwise injurious to the country . That was not the main reason why those taxes wero not repealed , however ; it was ainrply because the classes whom their repeal would benefit had not that influence in parliament wbich they should possess , - "Mr . Reynolds objected to the duty on paper because ifc was a war tax . It had its origia in 1711 , and was introduced by Mr . R . Walpolo in the reign of Queen Anne . From 1711 to 179 S , however , there was no paper dut y in Ireland . In 1798 a duty was placed en the-maohinerVem ployed inpaper-making in Ireland of 3 d . per lb . This wa « paid until 1837 , whenit was changed to 3 d , per lb . oa

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), May 15, 1852, page 7, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns2_15051852/page/7/