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TOUNG AMERICA! t -jIESTS OF THE AMERICAS...
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muultim aniT&rjrtfartture
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FIELD-GARDEN OPERATIONS. JFor the Week c...
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BANKRUPTS. (From Tuesday's Gazette, May ...
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ilarfcet Mellfaettce*
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Loxdox Cons Exciuxgk, Mav 12.—The arriva...
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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.. " .. * od I wiU war , at least in words , i 4 „ d _ ahouldmy chance sohappen—deeds ) , * Wish aU who war with Thought !" .. .. 1 ihink l hear a little bird , who sings I The peop le by and by wiU be the stronger . " —Btros
Toung America! T -Jiests Of The Americas...
TOUNG AMERICA ! t -jIESTS OF THE AMERICAS AbIKAKS . —PROGRESS * ^^ e Xjtiosal Refobmkbs . —Ash-Rbsi "War . ff- ff' ibis week present our readers with the latest -r -Jmts ^ Wch have reached ns of the the progress J ? V' ^ Tijnerican Reformers ia their glorious efforts 1 s ^ dcem the wealth-producers of the republic of ? ^ ? Urates 6 » t * grinding tyranny of landlords *>" ; ' ^ - ^ nitalists- That excellent paper , the Jfew York ^ r ^ * to . ; -5 ii «' e" Advocate , from which we have so often ' " 'C ' ^* ' eoiunienced a new series on the 29 th of March &? *'' w-rrthe title of " Toma America . " Itis to
f' f' w America that we are indebted for the infornia' " ! ' ' ' vrfu tained in the extracts given below . :: ' r ' 1 v working men of New England—the factory . ! , , i yi ot die United States—hare been holding a % * fl ' erk mg Men ' s Convention" at Lowell , for the : j ^ tTon and adoption of measures for the prolii iC % <\ of their labour . The following resolutions : * Adopted by the Convention : — w p ^ olvcd— "That the present policy of the State I £ ref erence to the labour of the convicts employed * ' * ike -State prisons , is unjust to tbehonest mechanic , vi ? 4 rioustu the State , degrading to labour , and hos-% % to humanity , and demands immediate revision or
¦ -VHition . * i * " That Overnmentis instituted for the common J vfeuee ; that our present expensive law system does J ^ promo te the ends of good government , and % iionfd he so altered and revised as to afford cheap , ' ¦ flanpt , and efficient protection to all . : * : " -- That in our State Legislature , as well as in Conn .-sk , and in all departments of the Government , $ oar should be represented as well as capital ; and - > jjt the interest of the peop le of the Stet ^ those t s ' aie working men not excepted—are entitled to full j t -jt ^ nal representation . - That the question of tlie frecdomof the public lands ^ wHchdeephiintercsts the mechames of Aew Eng-| li ' - tliattAepresentmonopofyofthe sameinthehands
( ir tulators is at once opposed to national prosperitu ^ imtural rig ht ; and thatthefreedom of t / iese lands . arteal settlers is a nuttier which demands and shall gm ' ri ear immediate and energetic co-operation . "That the oppression and degradation of the projackur classes in Europe , caused by the accumulatco of capital in the hands of a few by the spirit of flsaaercial nionopolv , and theinflaenceof machinery i iivour of wealth " and in . hostility to labour , nregii a terrible example of the tendencies of modern jgjeg- to sink the masses into poverty and igno' i & i , and loudly call npon every friend of humanity h cor much-favoured land to aid in the discovery ti adoption of measures which shall rescue the ssaican labourer irom file impending late to which i > g exposed , and which timely precaution and villas aetian in defence of the inborn rights of man
iije can avert . "That ia view of the approaching evils which tsitcn to involve the producing classes of this Kunry in the serf-like dependence and misery TOith present so foul a blot on the fairest portion of fe dd world , it is hereby earnestly recommended by ^ Convention to onrhrotherworkingmen throughaaie land to establish an annual Congress , which JsJikve for its object to propose and adopt such sanies as shall be found necessary to secure the £ j > te and interests of honest industiy , and to hasten £ abolishment of the grand mdustrialrevolu S ^ whieh is alike demanded by the nature of man , ji ^ nes of humanity , and the laws of eternal truth j ^ rastiee . ' ,,. i later copvof Young America reports additional stations adopted by the Convention ; among ^ rs thefouowing : —
, „ " That an aVidginent of the hours of labour is r & pensaMe to secure the moral , social , and physical jeil-keing of the producing classes ; and all who opm this salutary measure exhibit a gross and nervous disregard ' of the essential principles of justice , esalitv , and religion . "That this Convention recommend to the several jKiiaiions at onee to commence raising a fund , iSKi the time when one or more associations , on rare deliberation , shall attempt the adoption of & T « e Hour System , for the purpose of aiding such pm as would be prevented by pecuniary embarsmeiit
"Hat on the morals and intelligence of the whole ~ £ e depend the perpetuity of our republican instiesjb ; it is , therefore , the duty and mterest of the : * c to secure to all children in the community an aatioE that will fully develope their physical , ess . and intellectaal powers , and render every cam of the commonwealth worthy and capable to jaans the sacred duties of a freeman . "Tiat this Convention recommend to the several Jsaaions to form such arrangements as shall seem
iika most efficient in carrying these measures sssfolhr at the ballot box . " . % llvckman , of Brook Farm , ktroflnced the fol-£ « ae resolution , which he sustained in an able «« $ , nlusliating the necessity of a prompt , immekvt , and thorough revolution in . Industry , and the amaiian of an Industrial Congress , analagous to in niich fostered the liberties of the American M & . His remarks were most enthusiastically HBVto : —
" Resolved , —That this Convention recommend to is N " w England Association to organise , as flsplyas possible , a permanent Industrial Revo raairV Government , upon the model of the Con-& a » n of the States in 1776 , which shall he P-isd to direct the legal political action of the ^ s & s men so as to destroy the hostile relations 2 Eapreseat prevail between ca pital and labour , £ 2 to secure to all the citizens without exception a al sad complete development of their faculties by J - - 9 « ugu education , physical , mental , and moral , fciiiejiractieal enjoyment of the only inherent and ?& na 61 e right of man—ihb bight to labour . " i & ri ghtto Land . ] ** find the Mowing article commenting on this focntiun in Yeww America : —
" fas ^ ramos . — -The Working Men ' s Conven-5 a has been kid . The frieftds from different sec-Sasef . Veir England , embracing delegates from a itakr of Associations , hare met , deliberated , and * && separated with a determination , we liope , to no ^ rflHG tha t shall tell for the good of humanitj * ~« shall make known the wants and necessities , ^• " 'kt , but not least" ) the bights of that class * i : oi ! not oalv for their own support , but who , ""* tee Bresent svsteni of labour , are compelled to faafcr " bv far the greatest part of their earmngs */•»* who are constantly stming to oppress and * ?* k them . Among so many persons , from so ** J diSereut localitiesdifferences of opinion , and in to to be
, ^• raa views regard the means used , f ^ c naturall y lie supposed to exist . We believe , J ^ er , tliere was nothing , teor tft vuntioning , to dis-* uie harmonv of the Convention . There sceniea h ' ^ staeai . and deep-seated belief in the minds f asese present , that wehad talked , and preached , ^ I * iitioned eno ugh , —that wenow wantortiiwi—-ff aujitlding , determined action ;—that wc want , ^ fcittkavi-, a closer union among ourselves—iu r . ihi we must raise ourselves , or sink deeper and ' p » h the mire of political and social degradation : ^? v ! ofuicnt tluuupions of the cause were present
t-a abroad , and contributed much to the mterest of •; " ' - ' . 'liVefltion . Mr . Brisbane , one of the leading jf &' jia of Fouriciists , on Tuesday evening , gave > - "i eloquent address on subjects connected with r of the social evils of the present day . "ike Walsh , who has been for some mouths ? £ * . Bcd in a . loathsome prison in the enlightened ' - ? C \ ew York , simply for telling too much truth J ' the rich and aristocratic oppressors of the - 'aiiK poor , was also present , and was received in ' ' w-Jat showed that bis labours were properly ' routed , lie was listened to with marked
attcn-• - ''« oy short but interesting and acceptable ad-? Ss uerc made . Messrs . Wright of Boston , i ^ of Fall llivcr , Ripley , Allen and Ryckman of ^> Vsma , Cox and Robertson of Boston , and ' } - * wi- among the speakers . " . j . ; ' fa extracts refer to the progress of the > a-STV « Wrs , or Agrarian party ; we take the * % ¦ - ""^ from ¥ mai 3 Amaka of ^^ ' . ' % -MovfijEsr PARrr . —The movement of the ^^' ised world is toward- Rcpubucanism . Ao if « Qirkendom is so dark that it does not obey p . ; »» a t oustrvative that it does not yield to it . i | - a k kiictking the fetters from the serf , and fn : Kuruj * k bv slow and toilsome progress ,
k . ir ?? franchising her " Commons . Jfrooaoiv ^ -aa of the privileged and educated classes of - ^<' , all wbo aje not hopelessly wedded to the olrf m ^ me * nse admit this movement to be in u to an irresistible law ; and therefore , W ^ w ks . mieseenee , suffer fliemselves to be Q onward » vith the general tide . But this law 'du-t , lfe Sunders more or less authoritative ; L ^ Wte its apostles . These have * wS time appeared , coming now from one sai-rifer * 0111 ^ Mher ; patriotic , ardent , andselfmea C- ^ ddng the doctrines of progress unto Ntilff ^ lm been formed , congresses have bn ^ if ^ hega * to take the name , according "wr aatHin nr « v v * unA » " Tnnn «
rGer-£ , f * P ° »» 4 Engtend . " These societies , in 11 * J £ , **^ and co nstitute the extiemenght of , ^ ifotei ^ - ^ i ' rogress . They represent nothing ^ S *?^ ** . ^ ow could they ?) but pnni 6 H lainTi i-J " ° rid are voung , now fast emergd Wdd * gbt ofda y- todifferentcountries they B Wf ^ t ^ . sPedfic measures , according to the tlie {^ X ^ Gore mnients and tiie condition of tetut n 5 * ^^ alwavs to human advance all 0 f , . , "hs country we already possess most or 6 ** stf ii 1 * ! of Progress for which the rea =- *< m j W 0 r ^ are now chieflf contend" ** 9 Merita , then , must embody something
Toung America! T -Jiests Of The Americas...
more ultimate than they . In the next paper a more detailed statement of these societies throughout Europvtheir rise and objects , will be given , with extracts from their constitutions , and other writings . " At the recent city election for Mayor , Aldermen , & c ., of New York , the National Reformers had several candidates in the field , one for the Mayorship . Of course they were defeated—we say of course , ' because as yet the principles of the party are but little known , and less understood ; but the course adopted of contesting every election , is the right way to make their principles known , and must result in victory some day or other . A victory has , however , crowned the efforts of the Reformere in the state of Ohio . In Young America of April 19 th , we find the following : •—rrtnna nl ^ imofA 47 * o- *) . * -. — T _ ± 1 ^ _ __*
Seconii Natioxal Resobs Victor * . —In a late number of this paper was an account of the First Political Victory of the National Reformers , at Birmingham , Pa . I have now the very agreeable task of recording a second victory in Ohio , in favour of the popular movement . Thus , in two cases out of five , in which the principle of a Free Soil has been brought to the test of the ballot box , it has prevailed , and I have confidence that a similar success will attend future efforts where the Reform shall be put forward in the right way by the right men . The only places where National Reform Tickets have as yet been run are New York city ; Lynn , Mass . ; Pittsburgh and Birmingham , Pa ., and Bleudon Township , Franklin co ., Ohio . At the two last
named places the National Reformers have succeeded . The ( M o State Tribune , in announcing the triumph in Blendon Township , says , ' There were three tickets run in this township , Whig , Democrat , and National Reform . The National Reform ticket received 26 majority over both Democrat and Whig . '" In commenting on this victory , and alluding to the contest inNew York , the Editorsays : — " Our country friends must not expect too much of us in the cities . Our task is much harder than theirs . Here official patronage is concentrated , and here every working manhashisnosefoalan dlordorcapitalist ' sgrindstone from ten to sixteen hours out of the twenty-four , and a large portion of our population have been so trained to this that they have scarcely any conception of their
natural or political rights , or of the degradation and misery that is so fast coming upon them . I can see a -vast deterioration in this respeet between the present period and'ten years ago . What we expect to do here , and what our friends abroad may depend upon , is this : we will get the balance of power ; and then the yery reason that now prevents politicians from looking at our measure ( the insatiate scramble for office ) will urge them to consider it ; and then , perchance , they may find that an independent freehold for themselves and each of their children , and a superior state of society , such as they had never dreamed of , is better than a petty office which thev maybe kicked outof at the end of the year . We o ' f the Wens will do all that we can , but it is the farmers that must do the most to carry the free land movement ; it is the farmers that will do it , when they understand that it will seenr » to
- each of their sons a farm on which no speculator or schemer can get his grip , and when they reflect that under the present system the land is fast falling into the hands of capitalists . Wherever there is a single National Reformer in a township , he should set up the Free Soil Standard , and make a beginning , if only of a single vote , at the next election . All the other reforms of all the reformers in the Union combined would not effect such mighty beneficial results as this one of restoring man ' s inalienable right to the soil ; therefore , no one who recognises the principle should ever again throw away a vote for any men who are not pledged tosupport it . We must begin to think of a President , too . We have men already in our ranks ( I do not mean in New York ) who are as well qualified for that office , with perhaps two or three exceptions , as any who ever filled it . But this will be time enough after we have a much larger field to select from ; a time not far distant . "
Our next extracts relate to the Anti-Rent war . The trial of Dr . Broughton , at Hudson , on a charge of robbing Sheriff Miller of rent-distress papers , commenced on Thursday the 20 th of March . The person who took the sheriffs papers was "BigThunder , ' an Indian chief , and the prosecutor endeavoured to show that Dr . Broughton was " Big Thunder . " Young America , of April 5 th , states that the jury had disagreed , eight being for acquittal , and four for conviction . We have heard from another source that Dr . Broughton has been absolutely acquitted—the truth of this report we have no doubt of , though we have no positive proof of it . Young America , of April 5 th , has the following : — " Axu-Rext War . —The Anti-Rent war has broken out afresh . Delaware and Ulster counties are filled with ' Indians' up in arms . Men , it seems , are determined not to be vassals . " The same paper of April 19 th , contains the following listof
Anti-Rent Triumphs . —In the town of Duanesburgb , Schenectady county , the entire Anti-Rent ticket is elected , without regard to old party distinctions . " In Berne , the old parties have miraculously disappeared , and the clean Anti-Rent ticket went in without opposition . " In Knox township ditto . " In Sandlake the opposition did not get 80 votes out of 700 . " In Bethlehem , the Anti-Rent ticket was elected with the exception of four names , by majorities of 44 to 85 . " In New Scotland , the entire Anti-Rent ticket was * put through' without trouble . " In Guilderland all the elect profess to be Anti-Renters .
" In Westerloo the whole Anti-Rent ticket was elected by a majorityjif 400 over the Whig and Democratic Hunkers combined . " The Anti-Renters expect to elect representatives from several counties in the Fall . " The Soil—Who owss it ?—The Anti-Rent war in western New York is still going on . The fact is , people are beginning to enquire whether God or man has decreed that the earth shall be the property of the few , while the many shall have no resting place for their foot . The supremacy of cap ital over labour is beginning to be felt seriously in tins country . —Lowell Yox F & puli .
EXGLAXD ASD AMERICA—THE WaR QUESTION . — We find the following in Tbuno- imeriotof April 19 th , a capital way of " settling" the Oregon question : — " Some of the English papers are loud in condemnation of that portion of the President ' s Message relating to Oregon . The London Times says that England will never give up Oregon without a war . If she sends troops to Oregon , the plan would be to give the soldiers 160 acres of land apiece , and send the officers hack again fer more . " They are talking in the British Parliament about relieving the agricultural labourers : that is something . When they begin to talk about righting them , by restoring their land , that will be something more .
But if we onee set the example , they must do something more than talk about it , and that soon . " Here we must close our extracts . Success to the American Reformers ! May their exertions to restore the land to those to whom it alone belongs , the entire —the sovereign people , be imitated throughout Europe : and may the only war between England and America be the war of generous rivalry in promoting the principles of Equality and Justice : or , if there ever again shall be war , may it be a war , not of the industrious millions against each other , but a war of the millions against the land-robbers and labourplunderers of both countries!—the only enemies of Britain aud America .
The Trial of the Axti-Rexters . —Since the above article was in type , we have received numbers , one , two , and three of the Anti-Renters' newly established organ , the Albany Freeholder . For American papers , the Freeliolder is a noble-looking sheet , worthy to he compared with the most aristocratic of the New York journals . Of course we speak of its apinarance ; in its contents , it is infinitely superior to the entire of the . American press , with a few—too few avceptions . The editor is Mr . Devtr , formerly of Newcastlc-on-Tyne . His motto sufficiently explains his principles : — ' * The man of wealth and pride Takes up a space that many poor supplied . Space for his lake , his park extended bounds ; Space for his horses , equipage and hounds . The robe that wraps Ids limbs in silken sloth Has robbed the neigliVring fields of half thcir growth . " Goldsmith .
Next week we shall try to find room for a lew extracts from the Freeholder ; at present we must confine ourselves to the following correct statement of the close of the trial of the Anti-Renters : — " The jury retired under the charge of the judge at half-past ten ou Saturday night . On Sunday morning , at eleven o clock , having been out upwards of twelve hours , they announced to the court that they had not agreed on a verdict , and that there was no likelihood that they ever would agree . —The court thereon desired to know what course the respective counsel had to suggest . They referred the matter entirely to the discretion of the Court , and thereon Jndgc Parker disehai ^ ed the jury . "We understand that four of the jury were for conviction , and eight for acquittal . next
" The prisoners were remanded for trial at the regular term of the Court , which wiU be on the first Monday in September next . We hear that applications to bail out the prisoners have , hitherto , been unsuccessful . But certainlv , the " authorities will not be . Vandals enough to keep these unfortunate men in prison during the long , tedious months of summer . We are notyet prepared to believe that swindlers , tUeves , andcriniinals , of almost every kind , wdl be permitted to go at large , frequently on straw bail , whilst men who have been guilty of no crime ( a fact established by two-thirds of the jary ) -shall bekept immuredforlongmonths before they are again brought to a trial that evervbody now knows will result in their acquittal . —Th ' eprisonershave arightto demand mmediautnal , or their liberty on bail . Thisistheir rig ht—if American freedom be not a mere mockery and delusion . "
Toung America! T -Jiests Of The Americas...
Send over your Albany Freeholder , Mr . Devtr , in exchange for the Northern Star , and we will take care that the workies of England andScofland shall know the real truth of who the Anti-Renters are , and what they want . It shall be no fault of ours if the wealth-producers of both countries do not know each other better than they have hitherto done . Hurrah , for a free soil ! Hurrah , for the people ' s right to the land—wherever the land is , wherever the people are ! ** « . __ _ ¦
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Field-Garden Operations. Jfor The Week C...
FIELD-GARDEN OPERATIONS . JFor the Week commencing Monday , May 20 th , 1844 . [ Extracted from a Diary of Actual Operations on five small farms on the estates of Mrs . Davies Gilbert , near Eastbourne , in Sussex ; and on several model farms on the estates of the Earl of Dartmouth at Slaithwaite , in Yorkshire , published by Mr . Nowell , of Farnley Tyas , near Huddersfield . in order to guide other possessors of field gardens , by showing them what labours ought to be undertaken on their own lands . The farms selected as models are—First . Two school farms at Willinsdon and Enstdoan . of
live acres each , conducted by G . Cruttenden and John Harris . Second . Two private farms , of five or six acres : one worked by Jesse Piper , the other by John Dumbrell—the former at Eastdean , the latter at Jevington—all of them within a few miles of Eastbourne . Third . An industrial school farm at Slaithwaite . Fourth . Several private model farms near the sameplace . Theconsecutive operations in thesereports will enable the curious reader to compare the climate and agricultural value of the south with the north of England . The Diart is aided by "Notesand Observations " from the pen of Mr . Nowell , calculated for the time and season , which we subjoin .
"Let us ever remember that , in all our attempts to improve society , we ought to direct our efforts to tlie young and unsophisticated . By giving them sound mental and physical training , we may correct the errors and subdue the prejudices of their elders . " —Anon . Noie . —The school farms are cultivated by boys , whs in return for three hours' teaching in the morning , give three hours of their labour _ m the afternoon for the master ' s benefit , which renders the schools selfsupporting . Wc believe that at Farnly Tyas sixsevenths of the produce of the school farm will be assigned to the boys , and one-seventh totfie nuister , who wiU receive the usual school fees , help the boys to cultivate their land , and teach them , in addition to reading , writing , die , to convert their produce into bacon , by attending to pig-keeping , which at Christmas may be divided , after paying rent and levy , amongst them in proportion to their services , and bemade thusindirectly to reach their parents in a way tlie most grateful to theirfeelings . l
SUSSEX . Moxdat— Willingdon School . Boys digging , and manuring for swede turnips . Eastdean School . Boys digging , and sowing turnips , chopping clods , gathering weeds and stones . Piper . Hoeing between potatoerows . Dumbrell . Digging . TuESDAt—Willingdon School . Boys digging , and manuring for swede turnips . Eastdean School Boys digging , and sowing turnips , hoeing forward potatoes and tares , gathering weeds , and weeding parsnips . Piper . Hoeing between potatoe rows . DumbreU . Digging . Wedsesdat—Willingdon School . Boys pulling thistles from the wheat . Eastdean School . Boys cleaning the piggery , and pouring tank liquid from it along the drills of mangel wurzel and carrots . Piper . Boeing onions , but not very _ deep ; they love aclayeybutrichsoil . DumbreU . Digging , wheeling
out manure and spreading . Thursday— Willi n gdon School . Boys hoeing wheat . Eastdean School . Boys digging , and sowing lucerne , watering it , turning dung and mould , hoeing potatoes , preserving the weeds . Piper . Keeping his his hoe at work continually . Dumbrell . Gathering and burning rubbish for the ashes , sowing turnips . Fhidav—Willing don School . Boys and self hoeing wheat . Easidean School . Boys digging , chopping clods , sowing turnips , rolling and watering . Piper Setting potatoes , and damping the rows , put in a little tank liquid , and covered up . Dumbrell . Digging , drilling tares . Saturday— Willingdon School . Boys emptying tanks , and cleaning up for Whitsuntide . Eastdean School Boys emptying tanks and portable pails , rolling tares , hoeing potatoes , cleaning school . Piper Hoeing potatoes . Dumbrell . Gathering and burning rubbish , the ashes to manure his turnips with .
YORKSHIRE . Slaithwaite Tenants . James Bamford , sowing swede turnips , planting potatoes , preparing ground for tares . John Bamford , earthing cabbages , < fcc . COW-FEEDING . Wilfingdon Sclioot . Cows stall-fed on tares . Piper ' s . Cows are stall-fed with tares and lucerne , and doing well . DumbrelPs . Two cows grazed in the pasture , and stall-fed morn and even with Italian rye grass . Heifer stall-fed with potatoes and rye .
NOTES AND OBSERVATIONS . Auxiliaries to Farm Yard Masure . — [ " Before we choose manure for plants , we ought to inquire what substances are required by them . "—Licbig . ]—Experience would seem to suggest that natural or domestic guano , as well as the other hand tillages in general , should be used in aid of , rather than as substitutes for manure . The turnip may not be like the Italian rye grass plant , so greedy as to eat up nearly all and every kind of plant food it can find , to the starvation of neighbouring plants , fetching out of the ground as it does so many of the inorganic matters that arc required for the support of animals . _ It has , however , a rather large and delicate appetite ; is fond of variety , and sends forth its long attenuate roots a
great distance , to pick and cuu the best ot everything . We must pamper it a little , then , by giving it every variety of food ; and amongst the rest , not omit to supply it with 6 one ash , or earthy part of bones : for if not provided with it , how can the plant furnish any , to be afterwards worked up into the bones of animals for whose food it 4 s intended . , The natural guano , containing a limited quantity of phosphate of lime or bone ash , must yield , I think , in this respeet , the palm to the domestic guano ; for during the manufacture the latter may be ted to almost any extent with the ionc gruel solution and chamber-lye . Speaking then from some experience , I may safely recommend this to be your first medicine for turnips , and to be applied in conjunction with dung that Has been completely saturated with tank liquid .
IN AM OF FARM YARD MANURE . Application No . 1 . —Domestic Guano , —The dose before described containing one bushel of bones , will suffice for half an acre ; but wood-ash charcoal , instead of coal ashes , would be better in fabricating the domestic guano for this purpose . No . 2 . —Native Guano . —Mix 2 cwt . of finely pounded guano with eighteen bushels of wood-ash charcoal , or if you have none , with half a ton of coal ashes , or mould . Place the manure in the drills , scatter the mixture upon it by hand , close in the drills , and sow in the usual manner .
No . 3 . —Bone Dust . —Drill under the seed 4 cwt . to the acre , after the manure is placed in the drills . No L—Rape Dust . —Drill near the seed , not in contact , about six bushels per acre , after the manure is placed within the drills . No . 5 . —Artificial Mixture . —For one acre , take eypsuni 1 cwt ., sulphate of ammonia 301 bs ., nitrate of soda 201 hs ., mix well together , and scatter the mixture upon the manure when placed in the drills . In applying the above substances , estimate their cost , and reduce the usual quantity of farm yard manure in proportion . Consider , before applying them , which may be requisite , and choose one or other , according to previous manurings ; for instance , if boning may have been ample in preceding years , rape dust may be preferable , and vice versa , & c .
Turnip Seed . —That which is new comes soonest , therefore it may be well to imitate Mr . Tull , by mixing new seed with old , so that the plants coming at different times may chance to escape the fly . Ox the Manuring- and Sieepino of Seeds . — Professor Johnston says , in an article with this heading , in a number of the Higldand Society ' s Journal of Agriculture— " Public attention has lately been drawn to the possibility of so manuring or otherwise doctoring the seeds of our usual grain crops before they ate put into the ground , as to do away with the necessity of manuring the soil itself . It has been long known to practical farmers that , by steeping their seeds in urine , in salt and water , or in other solutions , and sprinldingthem while wet with
quicklime , their growth is in many cases promoted , and the rust , smut , and similar diseases , in a great degree prevented . It has been observed also in regard to potatoes , that in some soils a dusting of lime makes the cuttings more productive than they would otherwise be , and that , when powdered with gypsum , they thrive still better . The absolute effect , indeed , of all such applications , to the seed-corn or to potatoes , will in every case be modified by the kind of soil in which the seed is sown . If the soil abound in common salt , thesaltingoftlteseed will belessefficacious , while , which if it be rich in lime or in gypsuin , the dusting of the potatoes with these substances will produce a less striking effect . Yet the above observations of practical men show that it is possible in certain circumstances , and bv the use of certain substances ,
so to doctor or manure the seed we intend to * ew , as to make the growth of our crops more sure , and the return of our harvests more abundant . From this limited conclusion , which is justified by experience , some persons have hastily leaped to the general assertion , that all seeds may be so doctored as , in all circumstances , to grow more luxuriantly ; and still further , that they may be so treated as to render unnecessary any manuring of the soil in which tlieyare to be smm . Itis in Germany that this latter broad assertion has been most confidently made and most pertinaciously repeated . It has met with some credence also among ourselves , from persons chiefly who , like the German fathers of the statement , know a little more than the generality of practical men , but who do not know enough to enable them to
Field-Garden Operations. Jfor The Week C...
see the difficulties that baet their own views , nor the hmits within which their statements are true . " One of the German writers onthissubjectwhom Professor Johnston quotes a Mr . Victor , an apothecarv-thus lays down thepnncipleon whichhe prefers manuring theseed , to manuring the soil :- " The manure can never be so equall y distributed through the soil that the due proportion of food shall be given to each seed or plant ; and , besides , before the plant comes to require it , much of the organic matter of the manure has become decomposed and lost ; aud even the inorganic matter is liable to assume forms of combination m which itcan with difficulty be made available to the nourishment of the growing nlant . " These disadvantages , he says , may be avoided by manuring -
the seeds themselves ; while , ' at the same time , the following advantages will attend the adoption of this method : — " 1 ° . The same crop may be repeated on the same soil , though already exhausted , or even in any unusually unfruitful soil . 2 " . Wc can manure the seeds with those special substances only which it is not likely to find in the soil , or of which it has been exhausted by previous crops . 3 ° . As the rotation of crops is rendered necessary chiefly by the abstraction of saline substances from the soil , it may be rendered unnecessary by adding again these substances , in such a way as to be within the reach of the seeds only . 4 " . The rust and other diseases of corn plants are owing cither to an excess or to a deficiency of food in the soil . These extremes can be
best avoided by manuring the seed itself with the proper materials , and in the proper degree , "—The substances Victor employs in manuring his seeds before they arc sown , are as follows -. — " V . Blood in the liquid state is mixed with one-eightieth of its weight of Glauber salts , dissolved in a litfle water ; when thus mixed it may be kept for a long time , in a cool place , withoutcongealing or undergoing decomposition " . or clotted blood may be dried either alone , or mixed with a little earth or powdered clay , and then reduced to fine powder- 2 ° . Wool , hair , parings of leather , horns , hoofs , and bones , are charred in close vessels , until they are capable of being reduced to powder . 8 ° . The dung of all animals is dried and reduced to powder . 4 ° . Fats and oils of all kinds are mixed with so much earth , clay , or rye-meal as will
enable the whole to be reduced to powder . Oil-cakes are also powdered for use . " —In using these , he makes up a semi-fluid mixture , with which he mixes the seed , and then he dries up the whole by the addition of powdered manures which he has ready prepared . His semi-fluid mixture is thus prepared . - —For a bushel of wheat or other grain , take 20 to 30 lbs . of clay in fine powder . H lb . of pounded sal-ammoniac , or 3 lbs . of common salt . 3 to 5 quarts of whale , rape , or other cheap oU . 15 to 20 quarts of fresh blood , or blood kept in a fluid state by means of Glauber salts , or , in the absence of blood , as much water . 3 to 5 lbs . of linseed meal or pounded oil-cake . These are intimately mixed together , and water added , if necessary , to make a half-fluid mess . The seed is then
to beNpoured in and stirred , about till every seed is completely enveloped b y the mixture . A layer of a dry mixture , composed of powdered clay , horn shavings , and bone dust , or clay and powdered dung , & c , is then spread on the floor , over it the seed , and theii another layer of dry powder . Tho whole is then stirred together , and left to dry . —Much caution is to be usbd in completing the operation so quickly that the grain may not be permitted to sprout . Professor Johnston remarks , in reference to Victor ' s views , — "There is a show of reason in what he states : for though we may fairly doubt , or perhaps entirely disbelieve , that the quantity of manure with which he envelopes his seeds can be sufficient to supply the wants of the crop that is to spring from them , yet
there can scarcely be a more economical way of employing the same quantity of manure—one in which there will be less waste of it , or in which it will be more useful , to the growing plant . In every way of applying manure to the soil which has hitherto been adopted , a large portion never reaches the roots of the plants . Even when drilled in along with or near the seeds , a potable quantity escapes from . the neighbourhood of the roots , and is more or less completely lost to the crop it is intended to feed . Such must obviously be the case to a very much smaller extent where it is in contact with the seed itis to nourish , and actually envelopes it . Still it is doubtful whether the gain or saving effected by this method will be equal to the cost of
tune and labour which it involves . Should such a mode of manuring be found easily practicable , more skilful mixtures than those of Vietor—such as would be more certain to succeed , and such as would be fitted specially to aid the growth of this or that kind of crop—could easily be suggested . The fact that saline manures are beneficial , in many cases ; to the growing crop , when merely applied to the soil , is in favour ef steeping the seeds in saline solutions . The salts , it is true , when applied to the . soil , enter the plant by its roots ; but , nevertheless , their action is simply to yield saline matter to the plant in a larger quantity than it could otherwise readily obtain it from the soil . This additional supply mi g ht at once be given to it , to a certain extent , by steeping theseed itself , "
At the Highland Society ' s late show at Dundee , the most extraordinary exhibition , amongst tho seeds , roots , plants , < fcc , was ; that of Mr . James Campbell , of the Dundee Public Seminaries . It consisted of magnificent phtnts of oats and barley , grown from seed which ; had undergone a certain chemical preparatkui j and without the aid of any manure whatever . Since tho show , Mr . Campbell has placed the particulars of his process in the hands of the Society , for the benefit of agriculturists generally , and , to further his good intentions , the Society has published his own explanation , which we now lay before our readers : — " Much has of late been said and written on the subject of extraneous and other manures , anda greatjnany nostrums have been puffed off
and applied with various success . Many _ composts have been formed , whose tendency is to yield abundant crops on certain soils ; but it must still be confessed , that no manure or other application of tawh permanency of effect , or approaching to anything like universal aptitude to soil , hasyctheen produced : and , in all circumstances , the expense of manures is still veiy great . The discovery , therefore , of a process by which the cereal and other gramineous seeds might be obtained in extraordinary abundance , without the use of manures , is certainly a great desideratum . Now , this desideratum , however strange it may appear , I have good ground for concluding I have attained . It is now a considerable time since I began to imagine , that if the ultimate principles of which
the proximate constituents of most of the gramineous seeds are composed , could , by any possibility , be made so to enter the substance of the seed , and at the same time not to injure its vitality , as thoroughly to imbue its texture with an excess of these principles , the end would be accomplished ; and it is by doing this to a certain extent , that I am convinced I have succeeded . I steeped the seeds of the various specimens exhibited at the Highland . Society ' s show in sulphate , nitrate , and muriate of ammonia in nitrate of soda and potass , and in combinations of these , and in all cases the results were highly favourable , For example , seeds of wheat steeped in sulphate of ammonia on the 5 th July , had , by the 10 th of August , the last day of the showtillered into nine , ten , and eleven
, stems of nearly equal vigour , while seeds of the same sample , unprepared , and sown at the same time , in the same soil , had not tillered into more than two , three , and four stems . I prepared the variousndx turesfroui the above specified salts exactly neutralised , and then added from eight to twelve measures of water . The time of steeping varied from 50 to 04 hours , at a temperature of about 00 ° Fahrenheit . I found , however , that barley does not succeed so well if steeped beyond GO hours . Rye-grass , and other gramineous seeds , do with steeping from 10 to 20 hours , and clovers from 8 to 10 , but not more ; for , being bi-loba'te , they arc apt to _ swell too much and burst . The very superior specimen of tall oatsaveraeinc 160 grains on each stem , and eight avail ,
able stems from each seed , were prepared from sulphate of ammonia . The specimens of barley and bear were prepared from nitrate of ammonia ; tiie former had an average of ten available stems , and each stem an average of 34 grains in the ear ; and the latter an average also often available steins , with 12 grains in the ear . The other specimens of oats which were next the most prolific , were from muriate of ammonia , and the promiscuous specimens of oats were from nitrates of soda and potass—strong , numerous in stems ( some having not less than 52 ) , and not so tall as either the preparationsfrom the sulphate or muriateof ammonia . It was objected by some that the tallest oats were too
rank , and would break down before coming to seed ; but I have no fear of that , as they were strong in proportion to the height ; and should there even be any ground for the objection , I am confident that a combination of sulphates of ammonia and soda , or potass , would rectify the excess of height , and render the grain equally productive . From the experiments which 1 have already ( September , 1843 , ) tried , I am quite satisfied that even without the application of common manures , double crops , at least , may thus be raised - , and under the application of the " ordinary manures , crops tenfold greater than usual . The various salts were prepared by me from their carbonates .
^^— ^I W^^W^M—^————Wbankrupts;, $*?
^^— ^ i w ^^ w ^ m—^————wbankrupts ; , $ *?
Bankrupts. (From Tuesday's Gazette, May ...
BANKRUPTS . ( From Tuesday ' s Gazette , May VZ . ) John FurnivaL Kettering , Northamptonshire , conidealcr-Thonias Seuger , Hammersmith , leather . cuttei- — John Walker Ellis , Lawrence-lane , Cheapside , warehouseman —John Brain , Winchester-place , l'cntonville , copper-plate dealer-Mark Sturley , Southam , Warwickshire , organ-builder-William Henry Webb , Stratfovdupon-Avon , wharfinger-John Brookes , Bucklee , Kidderminster , Worcestersliive , mercer—Joseph Young Belts , Cardiff , grocer—Heury Malpas , Bath , victualler—John Simpson , _ T- . alein . ire , Comberlaiul , ship-owner— William Paries , Liverpool , wilkseller .
, UECLAKATIONS OF DIVIDENDS , 6 . and S . Potter and J . Krauss , Manchester , calicoprinters , first dividend of 2 s fid in the pound , Wednesday , May 21 . a ? " any subsequent Wednesday , at the office of Hr . Pott , Manchester . T . Cartwright , Heaton Norris , banker , first dividend of 6 jd in the pound , any Wednesday , at the office of Mr . Pott , Manchester .
Bankrupts. (From Tuesday's Gazette, May ...
G . Sharp , Liverpool , grocer , dividend of 2 s fid in the pound , any Wednesday , at the office of Mr . Morgan , Liverpool . ¦ . II . Williams , Kewborough , Anglcsea , shop-keeper , dividend of 8 Jd in the pound , any Wednesday , at the office of Mr . Morgan , Liverpool . B . B . and B . G . Owen , Pall-mall , tailors , first dividend of 8 s in the pound , Wednesday , May 14 , and two following Wednesdays , at the office of Mr . Turquand , Old Jewry , City . J . Ayling , Leeds , cabinet-maker , first dividend of 8 s in the pound , Wednesday , May 14 , and two following Wednesdays , at the office of Mr . Turquand , Old Jewry , City .
DIVIDENDS . June 0 , T . G . James , River-street , Myddleton-squarc , builder—June 6 , J . Hopkins and J . Drewctt , Arundel , bankers—June 6 , S . Cox , Brunswick , street , Stamfordstreet , horse-dealer—June 3 , K . Sladc , sen ., Poole , merchant—Juno 3 , W . Attwater , Devonsln ' re-street , Queensquare , dyer—June 6 , E . Dollman , Church . couvt , Clement ' s-lane , merchant—June 4 , J . G . 'fodman , Grny ' s-innlano , licensed victualler—June 6 , F . E . Blythe , Colchester , porter merchant—June 6 , W . Chandler , Miuorics , chemist —June C , 11 . M . Herbert , Reading , tea-dealer—June 0 , K . Blunden , Alton , Hampshire , plumber—June 5 , M . Oxborl-uw , Stockport , pawnbroker—June 5 , J . Peters , Godstone , Surrey , innkeeper—June ( i , G . Woolcott , Browulow-mews , Gruy ' s-inii-lane , builder—June 4 . J . II . Hardy-man , Lovelane , Eastchcap , merchant—June 4 , D . W . Acranuui , Bristol , nicreliant-Jniie 0 , G . I ) . Thomas , Wcm , Shropshire , grocer-June 6 , J . Storey and J . Gihb , Liverpool , ship chandlers—Juno 3 , C , and A ., and J . Potts , Moiikwearmouth Shore , Durham , ship-builders—June 4 , W . Hall , Durham , grocer—June 4 , K . Spencer , Hewcastle-upon-Tyno , scrivener—June 4 , A . and F . Atkinson , Newcastleupon-Tyne , colour-manufacturers .
Certificates to bo granted , unless cause be shown to the contrary on the day of meeting . June 5 , R . Cann , Woolwich , bootmaker—Juno 5 , C . S . Sweeny , Chester-place , Hyde Park square , apothecary-June 5 , S . Ilurd , Rochester , dealer in china—June 5 , H . and W . Kimber , Water-lane , City , wine-merchants—June 5 , T . Clegg , Deptford , coal-merchant-June 5 , B . Bumpstead , Halesworth , Suffolk , grocer- June 4 , J . G . Todman , Gray's-uui-laue , licensed-victualler—June 4 , G . Barron , Davies-street , Berkeley-square , builder—Juno 6 , J . Chrisp , Great Tower-street , City , wine-broker—June C , L . J . B . and L . O . B . Vaudeau , Wood-street , Cheapside , dealers in artificial flowers —June 5 , D . Morton , Lower Thamesstreet , fishmonger—June o , A . Radclitt ' e , sen ., and A . Kadcliffe , jun ., Hennitage-place , St . Jolm-street-road , patent glaziers' diamondmanufacturcrs-JuneS , G . Fliivtofl ; Plymouth , bookseller—June 4 , G . Dickinson , South
Portiuanmews , Poitniau-square , farrier — June C , A . Green , Brighton , agotliecass—Mvi « , k . V . Suttjawies , Bath , auctioneer-June 3 , W . Hall , Claypath , Durham , grocer-June 3 , A . and i ' . Atkinson , Newcastle-upon Tyne , colourmanufacturers—June 3 , C . Watson , jun ., Darlington , Durham , tea-dealer—June 4 , T . Davison , Stocktoii-upon-Tees , grocer—June 13 , W . H . Lagoe , Atherstone , Warwickshire , victualler—June 6 , J . Hnrley , Wolverhampton , Staffordshire , plumber—June 3 , J . Wilson , Jcrmyn-street , St . James ' s , bootmaker—JuneS , T . Smith , sen ., Miuto-strcet , Bermondsey , wool-manufacturer—June 3 , P . J . Papillon , Leeds , wine-merchant—June 3 , W . Benbow , Liverpool , merchant—June 3 , L , Davis , JBwhurst , Sussex , wine-agent —June 3 , M . Atkinson , Temple Sowerby , Westmoreland , banker—June S , T . Hotelier , Southampton , plumber-June 3 , W . Knight , Manchester , oil-eloth-manufacturer —June 3 , J . North , Map's-row , Stepney-green , licensedvictualler .
PARTNEKSniPS DISSOLVED . T . Chapman and J . Dean , Liverpool , hoop-benders—C , Whitworth and J . Lightbrown , Blackburn , Lancashire , cheesemongers—C . Webb and R . Hancock , Bath , brush , makers—G . S . Wortliington imd G . Vince , Lancaster , wine-merchants—G . and G . N . Strawhridge , Bristol , masons—W . Binns and G . Pilkington , Salford , Lancashire , linendrapers—M . and E . Hallum , Stockport ,. Cheshire , cotton-candle-wick-manufacturers—J . B . Moens , T ., and W . W . Ritchie , City , commission merchants ; as far as regards J . B . Moens—J . C . Taylor , H . Humphrys , and J . Hurst , Manchester , linen-merchants .
Ad00714
2 s . 9 d „ 4 s . od ., and lis . fach box ; or , post free , 3 s ., 5 s ., and 12 s .
Ilarfcet Mellfaettce*
ilarfcet Mellfaettce *
Loxdox Cons Exciuxgk, Mav 12.—The Arriva...
Loxdox Cons Exciuxgk , Mav 12 . —The arrivals of wheat coastwise were very liberal during the past week , but those of barley and oats from our own coast were small ; of the latter grain , however , the receipts from Scotland and Ireland were good . Of English beans and peas the arrivals were very moderate , but of flour and malt more than a usual weekly quantity came forward . From abroad a few cargoes oi wheat , a large supply of barley , and several thousand quarters of oats were received . _ At to-day ' s market the show of wheat by land-carriage samples from the near counties was moderate , and there was less barley offering than might have been expected , considering the extent of the arrivals ; of oats tliere was a ffood display , bnt of beans and peas few wore
exhibited . The weather continues cold for the season of the year , and vegetation is generally backward . The demand for wheat was slow to-day , except for choice qualities , and even the best sorts were not dearer than on Monday last , whilst aU other descriptions moved off tardily at the rates then current . Tlie transactions in free foreign wheat were on a restricted scale , still lower terms were not accepted . The recently received Rostock cargoes were mostly held at 52 s . ' to 53 s . per qr ., duty paid , —prices which the millers did not seem much disposed to pay . Flour hung heavily on hand , without being actually cheaper . Barley , whether of home or foreign growth , was
extremely difficult of disposal ; in some cases low rates were taken for foreign—say 25 s . duty paid for Danish , weighing 52 lb . per bushel . Quotations of English barley remained nominally unaltered . Malt was nearly unsaleable , though offered at rather reduced rates . Oats , notwithstanding the somewhat liberal arrival , were held very firmly , and the business done was at tho currency of this day se ' nn ight . Beans were held Is . per qr . higher , which checked the enquiry , l ' eas were saleable at fully previous prices . Canarysced maintained its former value , and though the enquiry for other sorts of seeds was slow , quotations underwent little or no variation .
CURRENT PRICES OF GRAIN , PER IMPERIAL QUARTER . —British s s s » Wheat , Essex , & , Kent , new < 5 r old red 42 48 White 49 54 Norfolk and Lincoln do 43 47 Ditto 4 S 50 Northum . and Scotch white 42 47 Fine 48 52 Irish red old 0 0 Red 42 44 White 40 48 Rve Old 30 31 Uuw 28 30 Brank 33 35 Barley Grinding .. 25 28 Distil . 27 2 D Malt . 30 d 2 Malt Brown .... 53 55 Pale 55 59 Ware Gl 02 Beans Ticks old & new 33 36 Harrow 34 38 Pigeon 31 ) 42 Peas Grev . ... 35 36 Maple 37 38 White 37 39 Oats Lineolns & Yorkshire Teed i \ » Poland 54 % Scotch Angus 22 24 Potato 2 o 28 Irisi , White 20 23 Black 20 21 Per 280 lb . net . s s Per 280 lb . net . s s Town-made Flour ... 42 44 Norfolk & Stockton 32 33 Essex and Kent ' . ... 34 35 Irish 34 3 a Free . Bond
Fm ' , , '< .. & vw Wheat , Dantsie , Komgsburg , & c « 5 (» db « Marks , Mecklenburg . •••;• - * ° "J Z i \ Danish , Holstein , and Fnesland red 42 io f f . Russian , Hard 44 4 fi Soft . ¦ f f f «§ Italian , Red . . 40 48 White . . . 50 52 28 32 Spanish , Hard . 45 40 Soft .... 48 50 28 32 K ** Sing : I * M « S :: S S SI It fST-ssaspv . ss ss ft Dutch ? Bt- ^ Thick .. ' ..... 24 2 C 19 21 . Russian feed , « " {»" -Danish , Friesland feed 21 23 15 17 pTourp ^ barrel 24 26 19 20
Loxdox Cons Exciuxgk, Mav 12.—The Arriva...
Loa-doa- SMiniFiEirD CatHiB Market , Mosdat May 12 . — 'The late almost unprecedented advance considering the comparatively short period during which we have had to trace the improved demand for the" description of stock here alluded to , which has taken place in the value of sheep in this market , Las , as might be imagined , produced numerous inquiries as to the probability of the present quotations being supported for any length of time . - As this is a matter of such vital importance to graziers and others , especially at a moment like this , when tho transactions in store animals are becoming extensive , we shall here lay before our readers a few facts connected with the cattle trade as it now is , and which may preve interesting , and serve as a guide to present and
future operations in this and other markets . Assertions have , we find , gained currency to the effect that tlie quantity of stock in England , sheep in particular , is smaller than has been known for a series of years past . We are quite ready to admit that in some districts ( arising from many of the flockmasters being compelled to dispose of flieir supplies at a much earlier part of the season than usual , in consequence of the want of fodder—the result of last year ' s protracted drought ) such is positively tlie case , - yet we see no reason to justify the statements lately published , that the arrivals of sheep hither during the next three or four months will be exceedingly limited . So far as we have been enabled to learn , the greatest deficiency appears to be in the northern distrusts , to
which large numbers of sheep have been lately sent from Noi-f ' olk , | SuffoIlt , Ac . Should , however , the numbers of that stock shown here prove even seasonably large during the present year , wc conceive it is p laced beyond a doubt they will be light weighers from the fact before stated . However we are of opinion that—though , on account , perhaps , of over abundant supplies , the present extreme rates may not be maintained during the next three weeks or a month—prices will prove nore remunerative than waa the case last year . Still much remains in the hands of the graziers themselves , for it must be evident that by sending us large numbers of any kind of live stock , a fall in value will be a necessary consequence . As an illustration of these remarks we may refer to lost
Friday ' s trade . On that day the numbers of sheep and lambs were nearly 12 , 000—far above average ones— -while , to effect a clearance , the salemen were compelled to submit to a reduction of quite 2 d per 81 b in tho quotations . As respects the slaughtered condition of the sheep , we may observe that it certainly exceeds our previously-formed expectations , yet we think the future supply of rough fat will be smaller than usual . There is one circumstance connected with tin ' s market demanding some attentionwc mean the transmission of stock per railway for it . It has frequently happened that the trains on some of the lines arrive in the metropolis too late for the day ' s trade ; hence very great losses are thus incurred by
the graziers . When we observe that nearly a moiety of the beasts and sheep now sold here are received per railway , all will agree with us that it has become indispensably necessary that they should come to hand as advertised by the various companies . In the past week , three steamers , viz ., the Giraffe , Columbine , and Batavier , have arrived iu the port of London , from Rotterdam , with live stock for this market . The nnmber of beasts thus received has amounted to 125 head , in , generally speaking , good condition . At the outports , about 90 oxen and cows have been received from Holland . The above imports , added to those previously advised , form the following totals for the present
year—Oxen and Coivs . Sheep . London 1496 900 Liverpool 6 — Hull 184 — Southampton — 3 Totals 1 ( 580 903 The number of foreign beasts here to-day was 40 , the whole of which found buyers , at prices varying from £ 18 to £ 10 each . From our own districts the bulhjck droves fresh up this morning were but moderate , and , for the most part , only of middling quality . The attendance of buyers being tolerably numerous , the beef trade was steady , though not to say brisk , and last week ' s quotations were supported in every instance ; the primest Scots producing 4 s to 4 s 2 d per 81 b . Both the beasts and sheep were again suffering from the epidemic , though instances of losses on
the roads have not been so numerous as we have be > fore had occasion to notice . From Norfolk , Suffolk , Essex , and Cambridgeshire , we received 1600 Scots , boinebreds , and shorthorns ; while from the northern districts we received lfiO shorthorns ; from the western and midland counties 390 Herefords , runts , Devons , & c . ; from other parts of England 300 of various breeds , and from Scotland 400 horned and polled Scots . With sheep Ave were scantily supplied for the time of year , hence the mutton trade was steady at fully last Friday ' s currencies , and a clearance was effected without difficulty . From the Isle of Wight , 200 lambs came to hand per railway ; from other jmrts receipts were scanty ; yet the lamb trade was exceedingly dull , at a decline on last week ' s quotations of from 4 d to 6 d per 81 b . Calves , the supply of which was moderate , sold heavily on somewhat easier terms . The pork trade was rather inactive , yet the prices ruled about stationary .
By the quantities of 81 b ., sinking the offal . s . d . s . d Inferior coarse beasts ... 2830 Second quality . . . . 3 2 3 6 Prime large oxen .... 3 8 3 10 Prime Scots , & c . .... 4 0 4 2 Coarse inferior sheep ... -8 4 3 10 Second quality .... 4 0 4 2 Prime coarse woolled .,, 4246 Prime SouthdoWn . . . 4 8 4 18 Lambs . . . , , , 4 10 5 10 targe coarse calves . . , , 3 6 4 2 Prime small . ¦ . . . , 44 4 g Suckling calves , each . , . 18 0 30 0 targe hogs ... ... . . . 30 36 Neat small porkers ... 38 * 0 Quarter-old store pigs , each . . 16 0 20 0 HEAD OF CATTLE ON 8 AIE .
( From the Books of tlie Clerk of tho Market . ) Beasts , 2 , 705-Sheep and Lambs , 20 , 620-Calves , 72—Pigs , 315 . Liverpool Corn- Makkkt , Moxdat , Mat 12 . From our own coast ov from Ireland , we have had only a moderate supply of grain , meal , or flour this week ; but from the Haltic we have the first arrivals , in several cargoes of wheat , from Rostock , Stettin , and Wismar . The only alteration in the duties is an advance of Is . per quarter on barley . The general demandfbrwheat since Tuesday has still been limited ; but we have been able to move several parcels of the lower qualities of Irish to Manchester at 63 . to 6 s . Id . per 70 lbs ., which Is a new feature in that direction .
'lhc value ol other descriptions has been pretty well maintained , without , however , any activity of business . The sale of sack flour has been steady at the reduced quotations . We have continued to experience a steady country demand for oats at fully late rates ; 3 s . per 45 lbs . has been easily obtained for choice samples of Irish mealing , and 2 s . lid . to 2 s . lHd . for second quality . Oatmeal has also been in fair request , 24 s . Cd . to 24 s . 9 d . being realised for good Irish mamiiaefure . No change as regards barley , beans , or peas . In the bonded market , the principal business has been in Egyptian beans , at 28 s . per imperial quarter , cost , freight , aud insurance , to arrive , and 20 s . 6 d . per quarter in store here .
Liverpool Cattle Market , Monday , May 12 . — There is no alteration to quote in the supply or quality of stock at market to-day from that of * last week . Beef , 5 R to < 3 id . ; mutton , 7 d . to 7 id . per lb . Cattle imported into Liverpool , from the f > th to the 12 th of April . —Cows , 1839 ; calves , 10 ; sheep , 302 ( 5 ; lambs , 366 ; pigs , S 491 ; horses , S & Manchester Conx Market , Saturday , May 10 . —The weather dur ing tlie week has been sdiowery and cold for the season of the year , easterly winds having for the most part prevailed . The flour trade for the same period has varied little , if any , from the tone of our previous advices , prime fresh
manufactured descriptions having continued to meet a moderate consumptive demand without material alteration in value ; whilst parcels that have been long in warehouse could only be moved oft' by accepting comparatively low offers . A steady inquiry was experienced for both oats and oatmeal , at fully former rates . At our market this morning but lew transactions occurred in any description of wheat , and we repeat the quotations of this day week . In flour no change cither in price or demand was apparent . Both oats and oatmeal were in steady request , and fully supported the currency of this day se ' nnight . Beans met a moderate sale , at previous rates .
Richmond Corn Market , May 10 . —Wc only had a thin supp ly of grain in our market to-day . Wheat sold from 5 s . Gd . to 0 s . Od . ; oats , 2 s . 4 d . to 3 s . ; bar-Icy , 3 s . Od . to 4 s . ; beans , 4 s . 3 d . to 4 s . 9 d . per bushel . York Corn Market , May 10 . —We have a thin attendance of farmers to-day . Fresh threshed wheat is in better demand , at last week ' s prices . Barley dull sale - , oats and beans as before . Malton Corn Market , May 10 . —Wc have a fair supply of wheat and barley , but moderate of oats , offering to this day ' s market . Wheat and barley same as last week ; oats a trifle lower . —Wheat , red , 44 s to 48 s ; white ditto , 48 s to 32 s per qr . of 40 at . Barley , 27 s to 31 s per 32 st . Oats , lid to ll £ d per stouc .
Leeds Cors Market , Tuesday , May 13 . —Our supplies of wheat , barley , and beans , this week are moderate ; of oats we have more offering than for some weeks past . In the value of wheat , to-day , there is no material change , but the demand is confined almost entirely to the best fresh qualities ; all stale chambered descriptions are very dull and rather lower . The weather continues cold for the season , and the inquiry for barley is , in consequence , kept up at full prices . Oats and beans do not go off freely at last week ' s rates . Leeds Cloth Trade . —Daring the past week the demand for woollen goods has been limited , though trade may still be considered good , as most of the clothiers in this neighbourhood are pretty fully em ployed making goods to order . Wool still continues high ; and an advance rather than a diminution in price is anticipated at the present sales in London .
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), May 17, 1845, page 7, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns2_17051845/page/7/
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