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for cab3and to in order that live! THE -...
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MEN. TIVES. '.EEBOM. _. -mrii- - fc tuis...
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The Chisese asd the Last Day o^the Yeah ...
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THE STAR OF FREEDOM SA'ffURDAK", JUJiY 17, S§53.
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THE PEOPLE AND THEIR PRECIOUS PARLIAMENT...
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THE AUSTRIANS IN ITALY. The atrocities o...
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OUR MUNICIPAL INSTITUTIONS, AND PAROCHIA...
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DR. P. M. M'DOUALL. There was a time, an...
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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For Cab3and To In Order That Live! The -...
THE -STAR OF FREEDOM ^ ^^ ¦ - ^ 7—i ¦ .. ' * =. ^ ^^ . _ . ,. ¦¦¦¦ ^ Li ^ 1850
Men. Tives. '.Eebom. _. -Mrii- - Fc Tuis...
MEN . TIVES . ' . EEBOM . _ . -mrii- - fc tuis time . It last 1 ' arliament wx _* this ? And what is the character of that au .- .. . bnally-qualified electoral body , which chooses such a Parliament as its ' fit and proper' representative ? What shall -wc say of the qualifications of constituencies which unequivocally reject such men as Ewart , Gardwell , Fox * Horsmuu , and fieorgo Thompson ; which put the people ' s candidates , Newton and Coningham , in minorities of one to seven and one to three . ; which throw out the truest of the true-hearted , brave old C » louel Thompson ; which place an approved friend like Duncombe only iszond best ; which , even in Manchester , can poll , on some special ground of
bigotry , four votes for-five , against the very fittest ot fit men for Manchester—their own John BrWit and which pride themselves oa a stroke of clover policy in Carlisle by identification of pious peac ; :-nieu with the bloodstained letter-opener—the man who would not vote against flogging in the militia , and subserviency of Chartists to the man who ia opposed to Universal Safinage ? The electors have shown themselves—^ s 1 said last week , quite fit to be wretehedly represented ; havo shown themselves incapable of patriotism , ignorant of principle—not very knowing even in most . eomn . oi-place matters of policy—fickle , tricky , poor-spirited , mean , and slavish . And the non-electors ? Have not they done their dirty ? Did they not hold np * perfect forests of hands * in favour of the men of their choice ?
Certainly , and in lots of places ; and generally , the bigger the con-electoral forest for , the greater the electoral majority against . But how big is a 'forest ?' Seven thousand men sssembled , it is said , on Step ? 13 Y-greets , on the day of nomination for tho Tower Camlets . ' Every hand in the densely-packed assembly was fceld up for Ncwlon . ' What then ? A poor Whig idol— ' -with front of brass , and feet of elatf —comesln wRh 7 , 728 votes , at the head of the poll . Add all Newtoa ' s voters to the assembly on Stepney-green—supposing that there were noelectors in that—and yoa hardly can be sure that Newton ¦ was the people ' s man . There is so little difference
in the numbers , that , even s ? ith Universal Suffrage , on this showing , Clay might hare come in . lam not speaking here of my own opinion of what Jay underneath , hut referring to what comes out upon the surface ; and I say there is little to show that Clay might not have beaten Newton , even with Universal Suffrage . And for this I Mania the working classes . There was , perhaps , some use in putting up ^ Newton , in the face of the certainty of his rejection , if the object was only to ascertain how many of the electors would stand hy him ; hut there would have been infinitely more use had there been arrv
showing of the real numbers of the people for him . Near eight thousand for Clay , and , adding non-electors , about eight thousand for Jfewton—is no argument for Universal Suffrage . But if you had held a people ' s election at the same time , and polling places for non-electors , and polled your eighteen thousand for Newton , that would have been some argument for Universal Suffrage . It is not too late , even now . Let it now he clearly shown —let it be clear , not only to friends , hut to opponents—that the majority , and not a mere majority , hut an overwhelming majority of the adult , male inhabitants of the Tower Hamlets , elect William Newton , and refuse either Clay or Batler , and one
step at least will be taken towards the enfranchisement of the people . The same thing might he doao in Westminster , making : the question clear—Coniugham and Manhood Suffrage , against cither Shelley or Evans , and a restricted Suffrage , no matter where the restriction . ' Thousands of hands , ' says the ' Leader , ' ' were " flourished aloft in the air" for Mr . Coningham . ' Is it too much trouble for these flourishing hands to sign a petition , against the ' representatives * who do not represent them—a petition showing who and what the petitioners are ; and let Sir J . Shelley or Sir D . L . Evans deny the right of these petitioners , all or [ some , to he consulted in a matter of their own Government . Give names and
addresses m proof cf the misrepresentation now imposed npon you . Even that once setting your hands to paper will he of more use than fifty times' flourishing aloft '—a process of which honest men , with any little amount of earnestness in them , may well get ashamed and tired . And now , will any one consider what the people have gained by this election , whether hy the acts of the electors or of the non-electors . They have gained the disgrace , the damning dishonour of Carlisle , the proof-that working-men can he Whiggish , can ally themselves with rascality for the sake of some poor promise of advantage ; they have gained the opportunity of a few election speeches
on the hustings ; they have gained the almost needless proof that privileged electors no where care to any great extent for the wishes of the non-electors ; fhey have gained such credit as is dne to men whose highest sense of public dnty seems to consist in yelling at their opponents and flourishing their hands in the air for their friends . As all this is experience , of however unhappy a sort , we will hope that there is some gain in it . But however necessary the lesson of this election . , it is a necessity most disheartening and deplorable . Tou ask for rights , and you showno understanding of duty ; you declaim against your governors and your inactivity and careless apathy
prove you to he just fit for such Government . If Universal Suffrage means anything , it means the opportunity for every one to serve his country ; it is the soil of patriotism . If you have no patriotism to plant in that soil , your clamour for the right is little better than an impertinence , and your incapacity almost justifies the usurpation of the privileged . Again I say to you , working-men 1 ( and I am not forgetting that there are some patriots among you ) if the mass of you will be Whiggish or selfish in your conduct , Whig representatives and Whig Ministers are the fittest for you . If you cannot distinguish- between brave principle and the shirking
aptitudes ofan unprincipled cowardice , Lord John Russell and his gang , or D-rby , or Cobden , by way of change , are your proper masters . The politic tyrant Peel , who filled your bellies when you were growing too clamorous , shall be your God . Build statues to his memory ; and worship the knave who hated liberty , but was wise in his generation : wise for himself . Be content to he as a dirty shuttlecock knocked to pieces between the two factionsfeudalism and capital ; get thoroughly demoralised by service in their ranks , working alternately for each according to the size of the sugar-plum either may give or promise you ; and when the chains eat into your coward hearts , lie Sown and perish miserably amid the ruins of your nation , — while the few brave men who are yet worthy of the name
of Englishmen pass sorrbwfully into other lands , rather to die in exile than witness the last shair . e of England . Do I write too harshly ? Sot too harshly if I may but awaken tome manhood within you . Do I exaggerate the beastly apaihy of the masses ? In God ' s name let your acts give the lie to my reproaches . Show by some honest daring that tie faith of our heroic fathers yet lives , however latently , within yon . Show by some steadiness in some sensible course of action , that stout English workmen have cot ceased to be sound thinkers and practical performers . Cease to make yourselves worthy only of the contempt of even the subjects of Kapolcon the Mean . For your slavery is no coup de main ; pour infamy no matter of surprise . * Awake , arise , or be for ever fallen 1 * Spartacus .
The Chisese Asd The Last Day O^The Yeah ...
The Chisese asd the Last Day o ^ the Yeah last days of the year are ordinarily , with ' the Chinese days of anger and of mutual annoyance ; for , having at this period made np their accounts , they are vehemently engaged in getting them in ; and every Chinese heing at once creditor and debtor , every Chinese is just now bunting Lisdeblors and hunted by his creditors . lie returns from his neighbour ' s louse , which lm has been throwing into utter confusion by Irs clsmorom demands for what that a neighbour owes him . hVJs his own house turned inside out by an upro arious creditor , and so the thins goes round . The whole town is a scene of vociferation , disputation , and fighting . Cn ihe last day of the year disorder attains its height ; pe < p ' e rush in all directions with anything they can scratch toother , to raise money upon , ; tfc the broker's or
pawnbroker ' s , the shops of which tradesmen are absolutely bcseijjed throughout the day with proffers of clothes , bedding , furniture , cochin ; : utensil : ? , and moveables of every description . Those who have already cleared their houses in t ' uis way , and yet have not satisfied the demands upon them , port iff to their relations and friends to borrow BOnetting or oilier , which they vow shall be returned imm ' diately , bat which immediately takes its way to the Tang-pnu , or pawnbroker ' s . This species of anarchy con Jmues till midnight , then calm resumes its sway . Xo one after the twelfth hour has struck , can claim a debt , or even make the sli ghtest allusion to it . You now only hear the words of peace and good-will ; everybody fraternises with CT = rybo .-ly Those who were just on 1 he point of twisting weir neiehW ' .-. n-c ' . ; , cow twine their friendly arms about « . — -. acs j-aveltin Ternary , Thibet , and China .
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Ad00413
In the Matter of an Act to dissolve the National L-rad Company , and to cuspoie of the Lands and Property belonging to the Company , and to Wind-up the nudertakine . and of ihe Joint Stock Compm ies' Winding-up Acts of ISiS and 1 S 19 . T WILLIAM & OODCHAP , of No . 67 , Cheapt ' « de , in the City ( , f London , the Official Manager , appointed to WimUup the affairs of this Company , do hereby give notice , that wider and by -virtus of the power and authority for that purpose "sleg-uedto me by R-caard JlJchards , Esq ., flie . J £ < wter of the High court otChancey , char ed with the Winding up of this Company . I shall , on Wednesday , tbe eighteenth dav of August ne * t , and sucto lol . owing days respectively as I shall find necessa < y or expedient , at ten of tin c ' ock iu ilu- frr ' enoon on the said days respectively , hold sittings at the Swan Ilotel , sitaate at Uickmansworth , in the county of Hertford , in the c ; . ses in which I have received notice , according 'o the provisions of the first above-mentioned Act from any person or persons to uhom any part of the land . and hereditaments of the O'ConnorvUle Estates , situate at . or near , Rickreferred to
Ad00414
TUE CAUSE OF LABOUR . THE CITY WORKING TAILORS' ASSOCIATION , 23 , Cullum-street . Fenchurch-street , City . A few working men holding the convection that co-operation is the bast means of elevating their condition , and tJcat of the class to which they belong , have formed themselves into a body for the purpose of carrying on business for themselves on the principle of Associated Labour , at the abore addi ess , and earnestly appeal to allwhoarederirousofrescutag the working men from their present degrading position attendant upon the infamous slop and sweating system . They epp- ciaHy depend upon their brother workins men of other associations to give them their support . They pledge themselves to deal honestly by their custDiners , in supplying only genuine articles , and charging a fair and nioderate price ; and no effort shall be warning on their part to give satisfaction to those who may favour them with a trial . Ciubles Bowex , Manager . LIST OF PEICES FOE CASH OSLV .
Ad00415
GOtrB ! Ct » i , b : ««« , » . N ATIONAL GIFT SOCIETY FOS EMIGRATION TO AUSTRALIA , Office , 13 , Tottenham-court ( thirteen doors from Tottenham-courtroad ) , Nsw-road , St . l ' ancras , London . The late gold discoveries ia Australia , and the great want of labour experienced in both the a- 'ricultural and commercial districts consequent on that fact , calling loudly for an extension of the means of emigration : o that country , it is proposed that a number of working men should associate together , and by the gifts of ONE SHILLING EACH , A ceitain number should be enabled without expense to themselves to receive a FEEE PAS ' S AGE
Ad00416
THE FRIEND OF THE PEOPLE . A few complc'e sets of the Fkiesd of the People of 1852 , stitched In a wrapper , are on sale . Price One Shilling and Sixpence each set Odd numbers to complete sets to be had of the publisher . THE RED REPUBLICAN AND FRIEND OF THE PEOPLE . ( First Series . ) Avery few sets of the Red Republican and Fbiexd of the Peopli :, 1851 , nestly bound in cloth , one vol ., price Cs . Cd ., may be had ot the publisher . London : James Watson , 3 , Quesn ' s Head-passage , * Paternoster rovf .
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$ = 5 = All communications for the Editor must be addressed to No . i , Brunswick-row , Q'leen's-fqutire , Bloomsbury , London . 83 T Orders , applicatiovs for placards , & c , & c , must be addressed to John Bezer , ' Star of Freedom' Office , 183 ,-Fleet . street , London . All money orders to be made payable to John Eezer , at the Money Order Office , Strand . News-agents and friends desirous of exhibitinu Bills of Contents will have them sent post-free on forwarding their address to the publisher . Th-: late Westmihstee Election . —We have received the following from a correspon dent : — . " It is a curious fact , but so it is , all large constituencies are managed by a clique ; and this arises from the simple cause , ihitthe representation is every one ' s business ; and hence no one interferes with those who choose to make it theirs
" In the City of London , Sydney Smith and Mr . Ledger , under the title of the Registration Society , manage Mr . Travers , who , through them , manages the City Constituency . "In Westminster the representation is now managed by Coppock Brumagerc Parkes , whose antecedents could so well be explained fey Mr . Mantz ; and Patent fills , the last joint in the tailofthe old defunct rump . It is true in 18 tG , these worthies did pretend to cinsult an association , then in exigence , but rapidly decompo sing ; aud through them the aged Mr . Lushington was fastened upon Westminster to prevent the success of a popular candidate , who , however , o : d succeed at another place . This object being attained . thmgs have been allowed to sleep until , from some cause unexplained , lie ( Mr . Lusliiogton ) desired to withdraw from Parliament ; hut he , unlike Mr . Leader , did notopenlv and Honourably announce his intent ion to withdraw , but , true to the instinct of Ms class , communicated his secret intention to his clique , who never breathed the subject , but covertly uegociated with 1 'eroal Osiorne to supply the vacancy ; he , however , declined to leat e the county , but recommended an Irish friend . Somehow or other this escaped , bat not before the astute Patent Pills had < pened up a private communication with Mr . Shelley , and thus outwitted the cunning attorney , now Master in Chancery . This brought out apicrwho
Charley > , was disposed of by being informed that Mr . Shelley was ad <> p . ed by that 'huge ami influtmial body , ' the -Westminster Reform Sccicy , and . Charley instantly withdrew , nr . t being aware ef the fact , that the said society has not been abie to hold a meeting for the past three years , owing to the paucity tf waifaw and uud ; in truth , the said society is like Mrs . Bams , not to befuimd , execptingin the portfolio if its secretary . "These . circumstances not having been ascertained until after lord Mait-sone had been decided upon at the Carlton , and the unpopularity of General Evans rendering it possible thataToryw ^ snecee ' , Mr . Comngliam , witliou : pteparation , cVveinwfcd to try whether WestmusU'i-had K-ft her principles , or whether tho elec tors were , as Siriranets Burdett said- 'pismires . ' The conclusion drawn is , that aiv Frai cis was right . But perhai . s this is 2 ; l > aruo-f » ir , forMr . Comn llam bad not time to fairly try the ;; issue , and this difficulty was accompanied with a rclk-ious bigot , y cry , i .. s : i 3 ated by secret AUieists and liberty professors . The pur . f ? PD £ e was answered , and most successfully . But , notwithstanding || a . l these advantages , Sh \ De lacy Evans ' s popularity won for him the third place on the poll , the Derby candidate being above lum at two o clock , according to one statementtliirtv votesbut
, , both agrte tnat tne w l , ig candidate was lowest . Then came into operation the previously concocted movement , of as many as could he got , to go separately , and tender their disiutcres ' . ed advice to liMr . Comnshamto ^ vubdraw ; and ( his was crowned with a special deputation to advise Mr . Coningham , for his own reputation's sake , to withdraw , or the Derby wan must come in . During this process a poster was being got ready to post on the boards—• Hasien to the pod , Mr . Coiingham has not a chance . Vote for Evans andfcbelley , or the Tory must succeed . ' "The question now occurs-fiow did it happen that , after two o ' clock in the day , General Evans wins hy 383 votes over the Derby candidate ? Was it accomplished by peremptory orrers being sent from Charing Crow to a confidential person ia each oftl : c
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local committee rooms , « not to spare . expense for cab 3 , and to repay voters any sum that cabs might cost them for going to the poll ; ' or-was it the cry of ' awake thou that sleepest , and arise from the dead ; which caused voters , who for years had been sleeping in their graves , to present themselves and record ttieir votes for Evans . and Shelley , and then evaporate into tiun air ? It dead men tell no tales they may vote Ht elections ! _ " It should be recollected that the Whigs and Tories wasted no money in printing to defame each other , but directed all their slander to prevent the success of progress represented in the lieform candidate . « w e have no case , ' said the attorney , ' abuse the plaintiff . ' J x ,. "Solumon . advises , 'In all your getting , get understanding , for knowledge is better than riches . ' This is all very well . But in election matters money will obtain votes , and morality will not . It was well remarked by one of Evans ' s committee , alter the election— I now see , after all , that Evans and Slwlley only represent the bricks and morter ; it was ths house iu whioh 1 live speaking ; my manhood had nothing to don ith it . ' . , . ....
" The conclusion , then , is , disjjuire it how we may , that cunmng is , lor the purposes of this life , better , far , ilnm integrity and un demanding . " Monies Beceived fob the Refugees and handed ( o the Committee : —J . Livesey , L ' rtston , £ 1 ; Cneltenna . ru Republican Committee , per J . Giovir , fi * ; rt'm . Whitehead , Braco , 2 s . iJ-S * Democratic Refugee Committee .-Tho members ave hei-ehy resnectfultr informed that the committee will henceforth meet every Monday evening , instead of Wednesday . Members aro requested to attend on Monday evening next , July Win , at the C : wimittte ' s regular place of meeting , the Institution , Johnstreet , Totteuhauicourt-ioad . Jons Moves—We will write . G . March , Brishtlingsea . —Received . Thanks . Family Colonisation Society . —In answer to several correspondents , we have to say that , any information respecting thissociety may be obtained by applying , personally , or by letter , to Mrs . Chisholm , 3 , Charlton crescent , Islington , London ; or at 20 ,
Bucklersbury , City . If application be made by lettir , two stamps must be enclosed for a reply , EMiGEATiON by GOVERNMENT Aid . —Applications for governmental emigration assistance should be addressed S . Waicot , Esq ., Government Emigration Office , Park street , Westminster . THE SOBSCKIPTWN FOR EUROPEAN FREEDOM . — SlS , — 111 0116 Of tllB last Nos . of the " Friend of the People " you kindly published the address of the Committee , calling tho people of this country for a " Subscription for European Freedom . " The terms of the Subscription are ;— ' One Shilling each from every earnest friend of Freedom ; one shilling yearly , if the continuance of the struggle shall require it and the sum so collected shall be paid into the London and Westminster Bank to the joint credit of Joseph Ifazzuiiuud Louis Kossuth for the u « e of the European Uemoeratic Committee . ' Other good arranjrements of this excellent plan is , that the money so subscribed shall not be used for any particular nation , ' nor for any local preparation , or for any partial attempt but for the European war whenever and wlierever
that shall again break out . ' The subscription is wisely ' limited to a shilling from each person , in order to obtain the greatest possible number ot subscribers . * 'To see how many of us really care for iho freedom ef nations . ' I had hoped , af er such publicity had been given to this nobleundertaking , andaf ter you had de . voted an article calling upon all democrats to subscribe , aud expressed your willingness to receive subscriptions , an immediate aud energetic response nould have been the result . I thought the sacrednessof the object would have come home to the minds of thousands , aod a high sense of duty would have prompted to immediate action . But sadly have I been disappointed , a cold indifferentism and apathy appears to pervade on this all-important undertaking . I have anxiously sought to discover whether the project itself contained any reasonable obstacle tn its success , hut in vain . I can find nothing but what should command the
sympathies and eo-operaiion of the most lukewarm worker in the glorious cause of human emancipation and progression . It is not yet to > late f > r it * triumphant success , if all those who believe in the Equality , L hsrty , and Fraternity of nations will but bes ' . ir themselves in this matter . Let us prove our devotion to tho .-e holy principles by obtaining material means for those brothers who will yet ere long have to renew the combat against the leagued iniquity of despotism and crime—for us , and for humaniy . While tliey are engaged in battle the least we can do is to sympathise—before the light let us prepare . Let it not bo said , brother democrats , we would not protest practically against our ' government' f » r the dishonourable part it took in silently permitting , and secretely conniving at , the suijugation of heroic Hungary , martyred Poland , and the glorious uoman Republic . Let it not , above all , be said we are negligent of our duty to God and to the truth . —jAMEs Glover , Cheltenham , July 14 th .
The Star Of Freedom Sa'ffurdak", Jujiy 17, S§53.
THE STAR OF FREEDOM SA'ffURDAK " , JUJiY 17 , S § 53 .
The People And Their Precious Parliament...
THE PEOPLE AND THEIR PRECIOUS PARLIAMENT . Wo have been twitted with our indefensible opposition to the Middle Classes , and assured , upon the most' respectable' authority , that the Middle Classes were with us in spirit , and willing to use their political privilege in assisting us to attain our Rights . What think you now of your friends , the independent voters , most sagacious informants ? Is ouv opposition any longer inexplicable to you ? Were our fears and warnings justified ? Aro not our predictions too fatally verified ? We never believed that the Middle Classes were any other than the sworn enemies of the unenfranchised . We had no faith in their honesty and sincerity , when we were asked to join thero , and
go for the suffrage in part , not because the vote was an universal right , but because expediency was the wiser course , and a movement in the right direction . We know that if the Middle Classes were with us , and willed that we should have political freedom , they would not have enabled the treacherous Whigs to pass their infamous Gagging and Alien Acts in 1848 , in support of which they could muster one hundred thousand special Constables in the streets of London . If they had willed us to be free in 1848 , when the heart of all Society was yearning for change , and the spirit of Revolution was stirring on the face of the deeps , they would have assisted us to
sweep away a miserable mockery of a Government which was bolstered by bullying Wrong , and have built up one which should have been based on the hearts and suffrages of tho whole people . But , nothing of the kind was ever meant ; all that their Reformers ever sought , was to extend the vote to the few , and strengthen their party , so as to hasten the establishment of the Middle Class Regime , and render the slavery of the toilers all the more effectual . It is not possible , in the present state of things , for the Middle Classes to give us Universal Suffrage without swamping themselves ; therefore , it is not likely that once they were in power they would open the
floodgates of their own political de & tvvwUon . TUbAs we have iterated and reiterated , and if there was any doubt as to the accuracy of our assertions , the present Election will have solved the question . The Middle Classes have pronounced ; if there had existed any earnest desire to aid us in the realisation of our Rights and liberties , if they had possessed any honest conviction of the justice of our claims , or had any wish to grapple with the problem of Labour , tod of reconciling the antagonistic interests of Employers and Employed , this Election , which was essentiall y their own , would have afforded them a proud and glorious opportunity of proving this to us , and to the world . We had but two or three men before the country in whom we especially trusted ; and surely
they might have aided in returning those men to Parliament , so that one or two voices should have been heard to plead the Rights and wrongs of tho Workers from workingmen themselves , in St . Stephen ' s . But , they had no such desire , conviction or wish ,. and they have returned one of the most rotten , ignorant , and incapable Parliaments that has ever sat since the one which was ousted by Cromwell . The miserable farce of appealing to the people has been enacted , the mass have been permitted to assist at the Election in the capacity of scene shifters , and in almost every instance the choice of the veritable people has been scouted for some Sham , or nonentity , and their election has been reversed by their friends of the Middle Class .
Never was the voice and interests ' of a people treated with more utter disregard , and with greater insult , than in the present election , not even by the Czah , or Louis Napoleon ! And never was it done with more impunity . They would not havo dared to treat us with such neglect and scorn , if the unenfranchised had been at the hustings with a pulse of the old English fire in their hearts ; had such been , it would not have been quite so safe to have spurned the elect of tho people . They would have listened to
our arguments ; but , like cowards , who always select the weakiest opponents before they commit themselves to fight , they know that the masses of the peopie are thoroughly emasculated , and have not the heart to resent insult , or wrong , and oppression . They are right '; they may do us they please—spit upon us , kick , cuff , scourge , aud torture us , we shall not turn upon them , we have too much deference for our superiors , and too much respect for the Laws which it hath pleased them in their infinite graciousness to make for us .
Smitten stones will talk with fiery tongue ? , And the worm when trodden ivi 1 turn-But , Cowards ! we cringe to the cruelest wrongs , And answer with uever a spurn ! Ouv Fathers are praying for pauper-pay , Our Mothers with Death ' s kiss are white ! Cur Sons ave the rich man ' s * crfa by day , And our Daughters his slaves by night ! We are a people without spirit , and if we had the spirit we have no time to show it ; and then , such are the beautiful arrangements of society which
surround us ! You can afford to disregard us . 0 , Tyrants , you may whip us , and work us , and wear us to death , wo shall only grin and bear it ; there is no danger of an explosion , nor of retribution ! Good God ! what will not Englishmen submit to and suffer ? poor , miserable , servile slaves , as they are . They will work ten times as hard as any gang of negroes in the Slave States of America ; they will stoop to do that which a savage would consider degradation and pollution ; they are content to toil and suffer barbarities unknown in workhouses or prisons ,
The People And Their Precious Parliament...
in order that they may live ! They are content to see one man consume at a meal more than would suffice to purchase them provisions for a life-time ; they are content to pass by preserves of game , and look upon nature's feast of plenty , whic h they must not touch , even while their wives and children do not taste meat from month to month . Prom the time of infancy to untimely age , their lives are one heart , sickening round of toil ; they wear the h arness of Life until it cuts into the very heart strings , and what they sow in tears their children will reap in misery ; .
they are used up , bought , sold , and destroyed , even before birth , for they are pawned before they are born , to an inheritance of the old serfdom . They are the veriest slaves on God ' s earth—ignorant slaves , and cowardly because they are ignorant . Truly , there is a mighty work for the chosen few to accomplish , in arousing this people to a sense of their degradation and misery , and in preparing them for the journey up out of tho Egypt of their slavery , and they will need a zeal that is unwearing , and a faith which never tires . In our New Parliament the
Middle Classes will have made ono more tremendous stride toward their throne of power , and we havo no means to arrest or frustrate them . It is necessary that they should exhibit the darkest side of their tyranny in the clearest , broadest light . Wo have only had a glimpse of it yet ! The consecration of civilised cannibalism , and the terriblest tug of illimitable Competition's warfare have yet to come . This Parliament will not give us an identity of interests ; it will do nothing towards abolishing the proletarial slavery of speculation in man by man ; it will not legislate to better human misery by freeing human
nature and giving it a fair vantage ground for' its fight , with the tyranny of circumstances . That is our work—that is our combat—and our turn will come . They cannot grapple with the iron and inexorable logic of the nineteenth ceniary . They have nothing but nostrums and expediencies , where the crying miseries of the injured masses demand remedies and principles . Out * turn comes next , and though it may be a sorry consolation , it is a certain one , that though we can do no better than they will , it is impossible we should do worse . For the present , we have to work and wait , to sow tho seed in certain faith that the harvest will come .
The Austrians In Italy. The Atrocities O...
THE AUSTRIANS IN ITALY . The atrocities of Austrian tyranny in Italy , as revealed during the past week , are such as to awaken feelings of horror and indignation in the breast of every man not altogether devoid of natural sympathy with his fellow creatures , or degraded to the lowest depths of the most brutish Bullishness . The cruelties perpetrated by these merciless monsters would make us blush for humanity , were it not that we cannot look upon such brutal assassins as members of the human family ; their crimes exclude them from tho pale of humanity , and they can only be considered as demons in human guise , inveterate enemies of mankind .
Had ifc been that Italians had bathed their hands in the blood of some of their oppressors , though assassination is never to beapproved , there would havo been some excuse for the commission of the crime . Italians are daily treated with insult and contempt , they are driven about like dogs , they are cut down , imprisoned , or shot , by a brutal soldiery , and that soldiery composed of foreigners . In such a state it would be very natural that they should seek by all and every means to revenge themselves upon their dastardly oppressors . But tho Austrians have for their assassinations no such excuse . They are not oppressed and trampled on . They are not seized in
their own houses , and torn from the arms of their families , to ho cast into dungeons ,-while innocent of any crime . The Italians are all that ; parents are torn from their children , children from their parents , husbands from their wives . No matter how guiltless they may be , they are seized and cast into prison for a word , a look . It is enough that it be discovered that they have ever been inspired by a patriotic thought , to have heaved a sigh for the triumph of justice , and the freedom of their native land , to be pounced upon , and hurried away , bound in chains , and loaded with the insults and violence of their cowardly conductors .
We have heard how the Austrian terrorism was supported not only by the most abominable and most savage cruelty , and by a whole host of spies . We have heard , too , how they endeavour to work upon the fears and hopes of prisoners , and their relations , and of persons suspected . They will put the prisoner to the torture , in order to make him reveal what ho knows , and wishes to conceal , or what he never knew . They will promise him life and liberty on condition of revealing to them the conspiracy in which he took a part ; or under physical tortures extort an accusation
against those whom , perhaps , he never saw , so that they may havo a further opportunity of gratifying their thirst for blood , and exercising their monstrous cruelty . B y threats or bribes they endeavour to make the wife or the betrothed divulge the secrets of her husband or lover , or bid her save him from the executioner , by disclosing all she knows of his thoughts , his actions , and accomplices , and then inform her that her husband has ceased to exist . ' For such wretches the only , and the best , remedy is the dagger and the cord ; to speak of mercy in their regard is nothing better than a crime .
^ Some may wonder that such a state of things continues to exist . They may say , that if the men of Italy are cowardly enough to bow their necks to the yoke of such an abominable despotism , they aro worthy of all they receive , and that the whips from which they suffer should be turned into scorpions . But the Italians are not content to be so , the Italians will to be free if they had but the power . Their numerous martyrs attest the truth of what we
say . The whole nation conspires ; everywhere throughout Italy , have there been combats—the beginning of the great combat which shall result in a final triumph of Freedom . Overwhelmed by brute force , they have never willingly rested in their slavery . Every Italian plain has been watered with tho blood of Italian patriots—as also have been the streets of Naples , Milan , and Venice , audthe battlements of old Rome .
She has need of more martyrs now ; drunken with success , the delirious despotism is goading Italy on to a new resistance , to a struggle more deadly than before . We doubt not but that that struggle will speedily commence , and end in the triumph of the Italian Republic , one . and indivisible , and the bravery and devotion of the Italian people be repaid at last with freedom and with happiness . No , the people of Italy are not cowards . If there be cowards ^ they are we , they are the British people , who are sunk in the mire of degradation and apathy , their grovelling minds conceiving no higher object for which to live than mere material welfare . If
they would rouse themselves , and taking possession of that power which is theirs when they will it , they could to-morrow drive the Austrian murderers from Italy , and establish thero the right of Justice , by inaugurating the Italian Democratic Republic .
Our Municipal Institutions, And Parochia...
OUR MUNICIPAL INSTITUTIONS , AND PAROCHIAL 'JACKS » IN OFFICE .
It must have been very apparent to our coitntry friends especially , that when tho Hungarian hero , Kossuth , trumpeted the virtues of our Municipal Institutions with such praises and laudations , he knew very little about the working of them . They are , doubtless , very admirable machinery to counteract the centralisation of power in the hands of a tyrant , supposing they are held by a virtuous , enlightened , and liberty-loving people . But tho People—tho masses who are unenfranchised—have no more representation in the Municipal Government than they havo in the House of Commons ; and their Local Governments are far more oppressive than the national one . For instance , the tyranny of tho National
. Legislation works blindly , and crushes the Peo ; ilo in the gross mass ; but the Local one crushes them in detail , and can single out any obnoxious individual for special punishment . In most parishes almost everybod y is known to everybody—his business , his opinion , and everything respecting himmuch hotter than he knows himself . And let it only become known that a man will not go cheek-by-jowl with things as they are , and that he is a dec thinker in Politics or Religion , and he is at once a marked man , a black-sheep , to be persecuted thenceforth , even to the third generation , in all . kinds of potty aud miserable ways . We could addirf-u innumerable illustrative instances of tho working of this parochial oppression , and thero is nofa parish in the land but
Our Municipal Institutions, And Parochia...
is rife with them . We ram ^ v . - *» mournful one whichZ 3 ^^ W ^ 2 conscientious tradesman , who daredZ > w C political convictions , w as ruined n b ? - 0 C , a ^ > 2 parochial potvers taking the CuSe faT ? " ^ the 'higher orders » t o sign an aorLn . CimvaBBi „ with that man . P 00 r fi ^ ^^ JJ * J * to « *§ a home where the free dare to be-in the ??>«* West-and where the insults and oppSSb ??? th * W i . ^ - 0 ffice C 0 , jW n ° G i r »? Par ° ' We should like all tlinm wh * »]««•*« . ger . lea <> h him
„ to got a taste of their ^ 7 ^ let them stand in the condition „ f wis e - man . or weeping trembling woman , solWH « *»* a set of bullying Poor L £ v Guaidian S ^ ^ beneath the r observations and con ural S - ^ nake he blood rush hot to the hcS ^ hlc ! 1 m to the brow ; or let th * m stand before ' £ > headed , hard-hearted specimen of our Gi ' u \ 1 ' p 5 g " he Magistracy , charged with the SSri ^ some trivial crime , and guilty 0 f the f SSI 011 of and punishable crime of Poverty-and ST ™ fat * l highl y of the working of our Munici pal gJJ ? «** that , wo will forgive them . They do ! i m aft <* please with the poor-rob them , gibe them aS H ¦
™> «*»«*«* . mem , just as suits their e T B ° n their eagerness to satiate their g luttonous lu ! t ' 0 r never administer Justice with the band J ! The ? eyes-not they ; they like to see what thov -, ° f , ler though its a desperate struggle for them to f 0 ** H the belehmgs of wine , or the . fump 8 of f , h ; fi » continually rise from their stomach and ] Tf' l eyes , as well as their mental vision Th tll eir public opinion to bear upon them . « nij quell ' ! wisdom ; no newspapers to assail their unfit eir injustice , as there aro in the Metropolis .,,, T aD < i have their full swing . Would to God thev i ? % it should often be a hempen one ! And \ vP ° » sure that it would bo impossible to empanJ * * . ** of the poor , in any one of the counties wh a Jury not return a verdict of' Justifiable HomfcM . , m ° , uld look at tho way in which our Bastilles are in a A contract is entered into to keen tha *„ DaSe < * . 3 s . 6 d . per week a head , and they are H ° ?
about eighteen pence , the contractors nockMin ^ profits . And to hear the revelations which ? have to make respecting the treatment of th 2 ° i tivos in those devilish dens , is horrible-m ™* k ^ We . Wo have listened to the recital of horrZ i '' !" the dying and the dead have been subjected L 5 which have made our flesh crawl , and causeri ' * invoke any vengeance , even were it that of f ff 8 mm , who should again make tho midi , { 0 W M . » , „; ti , « , « n «„ c „ m ; ...... * ....., mu Mskies blaze with the consuming property of ' 7
„„ , thpim p . Jacks' in Office , and Municipal tyrants l ff * f the poor get power , and we shall havo a ] m , i fearful reckoning with these countrv ma < ' » ii'it g ? a local oppressors . We know them . Thcir ' tyrani ' personal , and not a vague shadowy 8 V 8 te , n !? j ? murders us in tho dark , and with which WcaiuS grapple , because it is invisible . Theirs is a pc ^ onil tyranny , and we shall have to deal with it personillv And what a tyranny it is ! Feudalism never j Bb jected humanity to so much degradation . It Was \ J to our enlightened civilisation to crush human bein » .
out of existence in the Workhouse , or frighten them from going there by means of their ferocious buil-do * bullies , called ' Relieving Officers . ' We have m \ , met with a sample of these fellows iu the person of tho « Relieving Officer' of Tring . in Hertfordshire A rare mixture of the Fox and Bloodhound , most admirably fitted to do the villanous work of the gang called the 'Board of Guardians , ' who sit at Berkhampstead , in the same county ; and a most wooden board they are , too . This 'Jack '
m Office is a professing Christian withal . A devout man , one of Calvin ' s lost and miserable sinners . He does the work of the parish at a lower cost , and starves the poor at a lower minimum of expense , than any of his predecessors , and there were some cruel scamps among them ! And so the despicable poor devil keeps his place . He betrays the poor like a Judas with a kiss ; when will he , like Judas , have the virtue to hang himself ? He worms into their confidence , learns what relations
they may have in the world , and then iaforms the ' honourable board , ' that so and so has no need of relief , for they have such and such a relative doing pretty well in London or elsewhere , and generally succeeds in getting them cut off from the scanty pittance which might have been allotted to them . ' But he is only one among many such ' Jacks' in Office . In nine parishes out of ten , you will find the same evils at work , and all because the people , the poor , are not represented , and have no share in either
national or municipal government . We can also assert for a fact , that at this same town of Tring . the Church Parson prevailed on the proprietor of the silk manufactory not to close his works on the day of the recent election , so that the workmen might not vote against the candidate supported by the parochial authorities . And the people , blind slaves of their ignorance as they are ! submit to be ridden by priests and parsons , and parochial ' Jacks' in Office , almost without a murmur . They are taught
to believe that it is God ' s will that they should suffer , and that poverty is a kind of purgatory necessary to them for the glory and happiness which awaits them in the world to come ; and they believe it as devoutly , and fight for their faith as heroically and as blindly as the followers of Mahomet , sacrificing themselves in battle to win the promised paradise of Houris , or the infatuated Hindoos , who lay down their devoted bodies beneath the bloody wheels of the car of Juggernaut , to gain the heaven ol their aspirations .
Dr. P. M. M'Douall. There Was A Time, An...
DR . P . M . M'DOUALL . There was a time , and that too during many years , when the name of Dr . M'Pouali . was never absent from the columns of this journal ( tho ' Northern Star , ' ) iu eounexion with addresses , written and spoken , as able and eloquent as anything iu the « 'ay of writing or oratory to be found in the annals of Chartism . Of late his name has been unheard of in connexion with what remains of the Movement , owing , we believe , to the twofold fact : !**• ^ at there has been little in the way of ' M ovement" to serve ; 2 nd . That his time has been occupied in the laudable work of struggling to obtain for his family the means of honourable subsistence . We sincerely
regret to learn that his efforts have been in . Included in the multitude of Britons forced oy misgovernment and the cheerless prospect ot w future , to quit their native land ; for the most pars men of good heads and skilled hands , men t » health , energy , and enterprise—the very '&»» !» sinew' of the stake—linked with tho names uies f voyagers to the Southern El IDorado will be « i »* Dr . M'Douall . Writing to us the Doctor says :-Dear Habnet , ... . t oj I have , for a noble cause , sacrificed fortune ana uoenj , children ' s sake I must no » y forsake wy country . rirefud' ^ ° ^ I cannot struggle on any longer against the fierce p J society . , „ _ i evei with . I see no future place for my family on even tho same j mvaelf THpv wnnlrt hnvn * n ainlr Inwer instead Ot rising "' b '
I must hid you farewell , perhaps forever . . for it All little differences I trust will bo forgotten and ioifii ™ i 1 b like descending to the grave to emigrate to the anupo "" - , We beg to say that , if at any time we have political differences with our old colleague ot tno Convention , we havo already forgotten them . x ° we tax our memory ever so severely , we can ^ ^ member any circumstance that should inducei part with him with other feelings than those ot iVb tempered by the hope that for him there is a DL brigher , future in store . 3 tfy We reciprocate his Farewell ; aud most car wish him Good Speed in the land of his adop » ^ It will be seen from a circular puWishwi w number of the " ' Star of Freedom ' that Dr- J" '
is about to leave England for Australia . . j , elp A faw friends in Manchester propose , wit" $ 6 of . friends generally , to raise the means to p . Dr . M'Douall with a surgeon ' s outfit , and ( , ll ' ' to furnish him with the assistance necessary to a fair start from the old country to the new . . They solicit subscriptions * They suggest t . ^ towards the end proposed , the Doctor sflO « " « ftff vited to deliver lectures on emigration , & c , ' places previous to his departure . . . e We request attention to the circular , ana diate action in accordance therewith . j ( ical We beg to suggest the formation of a ^^ g committees to carry out the wishes ot Dr . iu w
Manchester friends . T \< . * x $ fr Further words would be superfluous , it » . cessarv for us to comment on the saenhces , and sufferings of Dr . M'Douall . The twoj > ^ , — T ^ o th * * Subscriptions for Dr . P . M . JPDouall »»» *^{ i c hrft * care of William l ' routiug Roberts , 5 , Puncess- slicet , m »<
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), July 17, 1852, page 4, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns2_17071852/page/4/
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