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N AT ION AL BBNEPIT SO.CIETY,
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Codsoe Tabic, Dekbtsiidie.—J. Gregory ac...
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NATIONAL CHARTER ASSOCIATION. OFFICES, 1...
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STAFFORDSHIRE POTTERIES. Mr. W. P. Rober...
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THE NORTHERN STAR SATURDAY, APISH, SO, 1850.
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THE DREAD OP TYRANTS, "let there be li g...
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LEGAL INFORMATION FOR IGNORANT JUDGES AN...
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PARLIAMENTARY REVIEW. OVER-GORGED BISHOP...
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MONIES RECEIVED For tub Week Ending Thur...
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DREADFUL ACCLREST AND LOSS 0? l,P if? FR...
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Transcript
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
Additionally, when viewing full transcripts, extracted text may not be in the same order as the original document.
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N At Ion Al Bbnepit So.Ciety,
N AT ION AL BBNEPIT SO . CIETY ,
Ad00409
*} y *"" —•— -- «« - ««« . w , c ^/ . ... THE ABOVE SOOHElY , as amended and legalised , was formerly known ras the NATIONAL GO * WBRAfflFE BENEE 3 ? -SOCIETY ; the managers of which have long seen Uie = neceEsity of l « gal protection for tfessewriiy ot its membees . In framing the new rules , care has been takea te-equalise = U » expea-< £ tur * With , the receipts , W ) thetfiie pennanent-fcaeeess of the Society should be beyond all doubts . Xhe Society is diridoainto three sections , ftonneet the necessities and requirements ofaU classes of mookaniCS auu l a b ourers , from eig ^ Seeayearsof age to forty . ihk roixowisa rs the ' -sewx of fees so be paid , ax weekly atlowasce * k sicesess . xsrasscE : — -s . < L Age . lsfcsectien . 2 nd section 3 nd section . First Section .. » -. ••• K 0 I ¦ s . d . s . d . s . d . Second Section . ' . ~ — I ? | J FromlStoSi „ , » , - * 0 .... 2 « ,... 1 0 Third Section ., ,, » ° _ 24—33 .... 6 0 .... 4 6 ..... 2 0 , „ „„ . ^ _ 27—80 ..... * 0 .... 6 0 3 0 josbeks death . wife ' s death . — 30—S 3 ... . . K 0 .... S € .... i 0 £ *¦ $ * . *• , ?' — S 3—86 . . . .. . 15 0 .... 10 t 8 5 6 " First Section .... la 0 0 . -..-.-. i ¦ " ( " _ 36—38 .,,,.-18 0 .... 12 -0 .... G 0 Second Section .. 10 0 0 o o o _ 38—40-.. „ 21 0 .. .. 14 0 .... 7 0 Third Section ..., 5 0 0 -. auu siosTHLT-casrsiBirnoss . . „ . First-Section , 3 s . Cd . „ . Second Section , 2 s . 4 d . Third Section , Is .-d . The Sowety me ** every Monday evening , at the Two Chairmen , Y »^ S ^ % ^^^^^^ S ^ nation csa Oe lme ,-wid members enrellei Country triads , anplymgfor rules , can have them foroarucu , Dy enclosing * il 5 £ S 3 &» CooperativeSeneBtSociety , « - h * vc l ^^ ltt" ^^^ ^^ lSid , caaatonce ' -be transferred to either section ^^^^ £ ^^^ 1 ^^^^^ , inform the , 5 SSR 2 SfiSaSfe SK 2 ff J ^ -th every information , on application * the Seer ^ bj ^ osinga P- £££ ^ ££ 3 teH * , iy , * fl , Regent-street . Lambeth .
Ad00410
IBS-CHEAPEST EBIT 10 S EVES PDBUSHED . Price Is . Cd ., A new < asd € legant edition , with Steel Plate « f the Author , e £ P . frJitt'S POLITICAL WORKS . Xow Ready , a Sew Edition ot Ba , TOSKOB'S WORK OH SMALL FARMS SoMlry-3 . Watson , Queen ' s Head Passage , Paternoster row , tone-on ; A . Heywood , Olfiham-street , Manchester , and Love-aed Co ., 5 , Xelson-street , Glasgow . Ana hi all Rnnlcsellers in Town and Country .
Ad00411
NATIONAL CHARTER LEAGUE . THE TOST 3 U B L I C MEETING l -convened hj the Council of this body , will be held i 3 HE NATIONAL HALL , 242 , HOLBORN , On Wednesday , 3 fmg 1 st , 1 S 50 . Chair to be taken at Eight o'clock precisely . Offiee of the League , . Xo . o . Snow-hill , City .
Ad00412
Returns of Elections to be made by letter , addressed to the Secretary , on before Thursday , the 9 th of May . Signed by order of the Committee , Chaki . es Sous , Chairman . IlESKr A . Ivosr , Secretary . Boats Boom of the Social Reform League , 31 a , Wellington-street Xorth , Strand , London , April Hth lS 5 i ) . S . B . —All friends in the country arc requested to give every publicity in their power to the above , and to render fvhat pecuniary assistance they can towards the expenses incidental to the Congress .
Ad00413
TO THE EMBARRASSED . THESE are thousands of parsons who have long struggled against the force of misfortune , but few are aware that , by very recent Acts , all small traders owing debts-sot exceeding JKOO , formers , privftte . and professional gentlemen , and all others , owing to any amount ( the latter without any publicity ) , can be entirely raised from their difficulties at small expense , and without imprisomnent or bankruptcy . All such Mr . \ 7 estos begs will apply to him at 6 , Essex-street , Strand , by letter , or personally . Office hours from 10 till 2 , and 6 till 8 . 2 C . B . —The above Acts stay all Palace Court , County Court , end other proceedings . Clergymen need not submit to sequestrations .
Ad00414
EMIGKATIOX TO XORTH AMERICA . W TAPSCOTT AM ) CO ., SHIPPING and Einigratian Agents , L i v erpool , continue to despatch First Class Ships—To XEW YOEK—every Five Days . To : XEW ORLEAXS—every Ten Days . loBOSTON midPUILADELPJUA-eTerjFifteen Days . AudoccasionaHy to BALTIMORE , CEAHLESTOX , SAVAXXAE , QUEBEC , and St JOHNS . Drafts for any amount , at sight , on Xew York , payable ia any part of the United States . Tapscott ' s "Emigrant ' s Guide" sent free , on receipt of four Postage Stamps . t ^ Abouttwenty-ei ght thousand pers ailed for the 2 few World , in Tapscott ' s line of . American a 2 kets , inlSI !>
Ad00415
BEAIJTIFPL HAIR . WHISKERS : < L * c ., versus B & W XESS , WEAK asd GREY HAIR .
Ad00416
BROTHER CHARTISTS ! DO NOT BE BEGUILED . RUPIURES : RUPTURES ! RUPTURES ! DR . DE HO OS' astonishing success in the treatment and cure of every variety of RUPTURE is ample proof of the un & iling efficacy « f his discovery , wiich must ere long entirely banish a complaint hitherto so prevalent . AU persons so afflicted should , -without delay , write , or pay a visit to Dr . DE R . who may be consulted daily from 10 till 1 ; and 4 tiU 8 . —{ Sundays excepted . ) This remedy is perfectly free from danger , pain , or inconvenience , may be used without confinement , is applic able to male and female , of any age , and will be sent free , with full instructions , < fcc , < £ c , rendering failure impossible , on receipt of 7 s . in cash , or by Post Office orders , payable at the Holborn office , A great number of Trusses have ieen left behind by persons core ^ , as trophies of the immense success of this remed y , which will be readily given to any one requiri ng ihem . after one trial of it . Letters of inquiry should contain two postage stamps . Address , Walter De Rour . 33 , Ely-place , Holborn-hill , Xondou . In every case a cure is guaranteed .
Ad00417
BRITISH COLLEGE OF HEALTH , 2 f £ w Road , Losdos . ARSENIC JX CSOLElUiJi OH ! OH' jOH ! FELMw-CoosxaiMES . — What . to do think of this % Arsenic in cholera . ! Oh ! Oh ! Wall , if yon wifitake the trouble of looking gnto the Jfedicst Times , you will find printed in large letters , * Case of Asiatic Cuolesa sucassFrJiY . SHEATH , won AnsEsic . ' A doctor positively adyising-arsenic in cholera—the case is also reported at lengtksnthe SOth huaaber of the -Hjj ^ sitJjtobe had eithe office , S 68 , Strand , price Id . or 2 d . by post . Weu , can . vou be surprised , my Menus , that we should have so many cases of ifelonious poisocing throughout the country fey arsenic S What is the realdifference between theprisone and the doctor ? Why , thai in one case H » party , when lie dies , is-ecid to have beeu murdered by arsenic , and in the other , tOifcave died of iosrc disease er other .. Let things we say , hecaUed by their primer names . The Coctors have made the public so familiar Ejjh poisons , tha $ the lower classes think there is no harm ^ ta king a lessen from the - * Guinea tradegeatiemen f and , foronr own part , sre do not £ ffi any real difference between the felonious prisoner and the doctor—the cn ^ y difference is , i ^ at the doctor , « i same CBSes , gives the paisoa in such doses . as not to kill , tfeough - in , a » anyhe does loll , but then don't you see it is Called * deati . or disease ' an . not ' tsurtfer *
Ad00418
A PUBLIC JEEETING , COiWENED BY the Provisional Committee of the National Charter Association , will be held at the SOOTH LOSDOlf CHARTIST HALL , Webberstreet , Blaekfriars-road , on Monday Evening , April 22 nd , when the following persons will attend and address the Meeting : — G . W . M . Reynolds , G . J . Harney , Ruffey Ridley , G . Massey , W-J . 'Vernon . Chair to be taken at Eight o'CIock . ADMISSION FREE .
Ad00419
POLITICAL VICTIMS . A PUBLIC MEETING , convened by the Provisional Committee of the National Charter Association , will be held in the Hall of the Literary and Scientific Institution , John Street , Tottenham Court Road , on Tuesday evening next , April 23 rd , for the purpose of adopting a memorial calling on her Majesty ' s government to release Ernest Jones , and other incarcerated Patriots . G . W . M . Reynolds . 6 . J . Harney , Walter Cooper , Bronterre O'Brien , and other friends to justice and humanity , will attend and address the meeting . Chair taken at Eight O'CIock . Admission Free .
Ad00420
THE COMMITTEE OF THE FVSD FOR THE fUDOWS OF SHARP AND WILLIAMS HEREBY beg to notice that a Meeting of the said Committee will be held at the Office of the National Charter Association , 14 , Southampton-street , Strand , on Monday evening , April 22 nd , 1850 . Chair to be taken at half-past seven precisely , when all who have had Tickets for sale for the late . Tea . Meetinr-at the National Hall , are especially solicited to attend . Signed , on behalf of the Committee , William Davis . Chairman .
Ad00421
LAND AND COTTAGES' NEAR LONDON , The property of a wealthy gentleman . SUPERIOR AGRICULTURAL Labourers may have TWO OR MORE ACRES OF FIRST-RATE LAND , at 31 . per acre , and 31 . for each room , with immediate possession ,- on producing a good character for sobriety and honesty , and proving that they have the means Of cropping the land , and of maintaining themselves till harvest . There is a capital opening for small working builders { men who can do the bricklaying and slating as well as the carpenters' work ) , and for BiucEjiAKEBs aw ) pottebs as well , as this estate contains hundreds of thousands of yards of superior clay , within
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Codsoe Tabic, Dekbtsiidie.—J. Gregory Ac...
Codsoe Tabic , Dekbtsiidie . —J . Gregory acknowledges the receipt of the following sums , sent herewith : —Wives and Families of Victims . —The Chartists of Codnor Park 2 s Gd . IIosestx Fusn . —The Chartists of Codnor Park 3 s 9 i ; a Friend , Swanwick Is ; a Carrier , Alfreton Is ; aPublican , Swanwick Is ; W . White Is ; G . H ., Swanwick Cd ; G . Walters , Swanwick 3 d . NoTTisGHAM . —J . Sweet acknowledges the receipt of the following sums , sent herewith , viz .: —Fos the Ho . VESzr Fund—Mrs . Burbage , Cd . Mr . E . Farrell , Uxbridge . —The sum of six s 7 i £ Kiii 0 s ~ was received for the Honesty Fund , yet , in consequence of an error of the printer , six pence was only acknowledged in our last . Mr . MATHIA 3 , KatcIiffe . cross .-The I 7 s . 6 'd . was acknowledged in our first edition puolished on the Oth ult . An accident occurred whereby the entire page was rendered one confused mass , and time would only allow of giving the total amount received in the two subsequent editions . Mr . T . AValkek , Monk Wearmouth . —The same answer as the one to Sir . Jtathias . The 3 s . Gd . eame to baud . Mr . A . Smith , Handbridge , near Chester . —We do not know the charge . Write to Mr . J . Watson , Queen ' s Head
Passage , Paternoster Row . IIas « . vgde . v . — Julian Harney cannot engage to visit Hasling den when at Padiham , but will do so ' if possible . Il 0 > -ESTr Fcxd . — The following sums received by Julian Harney , were paid over to Mr . Rider , and acknowledged in his list in last Saturday's Star ; Manchester , by J . Alcock , 8 s Id ; Rochdale Female Chartists , 10 s ; A Few Friends , nearllochdale , per B ., 5 s . J . II . has also rer ec e ived , and paid over to Mr . Rider , from Barrhead , per David Stewart , lis . The Victims . —Julian Harney has received , aud paid over to Mr . John Arnott , from Dundee , per Mr . James Graham , to Mrs . Jones , las ; for Mrs . Fussell , 15 s - , and for Mrs . M'Douall , 15 s . J . Habduienx Norwich , intimates that he wil l placeat the disposal of Mr . O'Connor , two , four , aud one , two acre scrips , to prove his confidence in that gentleman . Wji . Muihuead , Parkhead . —Next week . Leigh Glave . —We are sorry we cannot give your letter this week , it shall appear iu our next . Edward Clattos , Huddersfield . —Yes , a few months ago at A ylesbury . J . Broadhead , Tillicoultry ; George Beown , Wakefield ; and David Stewaet , Barrhead . —Xo room .
National Charter Association. Offices, 1...
NATIONAL CHARTER ASSOCIATION . OFFICES , 14 , SOUTHAMPTON STREET , STRASD , LONDON . The Provisional Committee of the NATIONAL CHARTER ASSOCIATION hereby give notice , That those friends who are desirous of forming localities can be supplied with Cards of Membership and Rules , by applying to the General Secretary , John Arnott , as above , from nine to two o ' clock , daily ( Sundays excepted ) , and'on Monday evenings from seven to nine o ' clock ; if by letter , prepaid . AU applications by letter will receive the most prompt attention . Notice is also given that aU the receipts for the Cards issued , must be forwarded monthly , per Post Office Order , * nade payable to John Arnott , at the Post Office , Strand , and addressed to him at the Office of the Association , 14 , Southampton-street , Strand , London . 14 , Southampton-street , Strand . April 16 th , 1800 . Signed , on behalf of the Committee , John Aexott , General Secretary .
Staffordshire Potteries. Mr. W. P. Rober...
STAFFORDSHIRE POTTERIES . Mr . W . P . Roberts will be at Hartley this 9 ay ( Saturday ) , the 20 th of April .
The Northern Star Saturday, Apish, So, 1850.
THE NORTHERN STAR SATURDAY , APISH , SO , 1850 .
The Dread Op Tyrants, "Let There Be Li G...
THE DREAD OP TYRANTS , "let there be li ght , "—jHbl , j / Bible . "Whenever the people have achieved political freedom the press is also free . In proportion as they are politicall y enslaved , the press is subject to restrictions , graduating from the fiscal obstructions imposed by high duties , to the rigorous supervision of a hostile censorship . The oppressors . of mankind in all countries , " love darkness better than light , their deeds being evil . " "With the establishment of the Republic at Rome under the illustrious Mazzini , aflood of intellectual light was thrown upon that city . A bold , unfettered , newspaper
press , sprang into existence as suddenl y as did the fabled full growa Minerva from the head of Jove . The Trinmvirs , as long as they held power , never interfered with the papers opposed to them . They were free to say what they pleased of their acts , and the principles of the Government . Those who rule for the benefit of the neople , not of themselves or exclusive and privileged classes , have no fear of fuU and free di ^ ussion . The moment the bigotted , intolerant , truth-hating , and tyrannical dommafaon of the Cardinals was reestablished-at Rome , the press wag extinguished , and the dungeons of the "Holy Inqumtion once more thrown open for the reception of victims .
The proclamation of a / ree a „ 4 unfettered press was contemporaneous with the proclamation of the Provisional Government of the French Eepubhc in 1848 . Nobly and consistently did that Government , while surrounded on all sides by the elements of anarchy , and a convulsive excitement , such as has rarel y been chronicled in the history of nations , adhere to the fundamental doctrines , the ancient tradition jf all democracy— "Full , free , unfettered vliecugsion , liberty for every mm to ispeak ,
The Dread Op Tyrants, "Let There Be Li G...
\ # r 3 te , and publish his opinions on . all nsattera effecting the interests of humanity , " They W 8 llknew that they were surrouaded upon all sides by plotting and scheming conspirators , * 5 ho had nominally accepted the Republic ^ « ely the more certainly to undermine and destroy it ; they knew also that those very consipirators were practised veterans in Newspaper Literature , skilful in all the arts of appealing
to , and working upon , public opinion ; but , in the greatness of their magnanimity , the Provisional Government could not stoop to repressive , or even regulating , measures upon a matter which they believed should be free as air . They were not afraid to let truth and falsehood grapple , for they had . faith with glorious John Milton , that truth ' never fails in a fair and open encounter .
When , by the vacillation and weakness of some of its members , the treachery of others , and the carefully prepared schemes of the enemies of the Republic , the reactionary party obtained possession of power , the unrestricted and open expression of public opinion was at once assailed . From that time to the present , there has been an incessant war waged against the popular press , increasing in stringency , oppressiveness , injustice , and vindictiveuess , as the designs of the party in power have become more reactionary and despotic . Yet , despite the fines , proscriptions , imprisonments , and other violent and arbitrary measures which have been resorted to -for the
purpose of silencing the Press in France , it 9 still pdwerful enough to beat the Government with all the means of corruption and aJJ the organised machinery at its back— -as well as the combined factions who for the moment fraternise for the purpose of . destroying the Republic , only to clear tho way for an after struggle between themselves , as to who shall have the power to plunder and oppress the people . No more conclusive or decisive proof
of the immense value and wide-spread Influence of the democratic Press can be offered ., than that the reactionary party are now engaged in an attempt to place the journals of France under the same fiscal burdens and restrictions as those which , in this country , have proved so effectual in limiting the diffusion of political education , and reduced vast masses of the people to the condition of contented or helpless—because ignorant—serfs .
That a Free Press is an indispensable and necessary element of Democracy , is conclusively shown by the example of the United States . No obstacle whatever to the publication of opinions , either in the shape of stamps on newspapers , duties on paper or advertisements , or security and caution money , have ever existed , or even been proposed , in any of the Free States of the Federation . In that great Republic the conviction is deep seated in the minds of all parties , that Democracy , in order to be successful , must be intelligent , and that whatever hinders the diffusion of
knowledge among all classes of its citizens , is a public , universal , and heavy calamity , which endangers the prosperity and permanency of the commonwealth . The consequence is , that a Newspaper and Printing Press is an invariable adjunct of American civilisation . Wherever a village springs up—by the side of a river—among the wide and tar-spreading undulations of the Prairies—or deep in the recesses of the Back Woods , the Newspaper makes its appearance . It is the one great bond that knits society together , the common utterance of the whole people . When the discovery of
the gold places which lie between the westward slopes of the Sierra Nevada and the Pacific , first attracted the mighty rash of population which has since set in towards California , not a single Newspaper existed in a country which , for 200 years , had been under the dominion of Spain , and the Friars . With the appearance of the Americans there came also tho never-failing agents of civilisation—the Printing Press and the Newspaper . In a country , the population of which was
composed of the most heterogeneous and unpromising materials , and surrounded by the most extraordinary incitements to-plunge into anarchy and lawlessness , the Press , to a great extent , kept society together in its incipient stages , and at length gave birth to a Convention , which has framed a Constitution for the New State , infinitely in advance of any Constitution ever yet proposed for the government of any community ,- either ancient or modern .
Contrast these fasts with the relentless and remorseless cruelty of the despotic and quasi-Liberal Governments of Europe , which persist in dooming their subjects to mental blindness . See the results in the bitter antagonism , the deep degradation , tho merciless oppression , and the wide-spreading evils of povert y , discontent , and crime , which characterise the peoples thus infamously
condemned to ignorance—and say whether "the Unlicensed Liberty of Printing , " contended for so powerfully and unanswerably by the immortal Secretary to the PROTECTOR of the English Commonwealth , two hundred years ago , is not one of the most importaut constituents of g enuine freedom—the only guarantee for the peaceful , rapid , and beneficial developement of individual energies and
national resources . Yet our rulers at home are nearly as much afraid of a Free Press as the veriest despots on the Continent ; while , by an ingeniouslywoven net of fiscal burdens and restrictions , they have contrived to make what is the Press of a powerful section of the communit y apparently « unrestricted . They virtuall y make Newspapers the property of capitalists—sworn to uphold the monopoly and the predominance of Capital ; and they thus stifle the voice of its parent—Labour . Hence it is that } upon all really fundamental and important questions
of a social , educational , and organic character , the Press of this country is centuries behind those in which the intellect of a people is allowed to utter its own inspirations , unwarped by such influences . The " say is all on one side . " The doctrines , theories , and discussions , which are in accordance with the interests of landlords , capitalists , usurers merchants , manufacturers , traders , and profitmongers of all descriptions , find tho fullest possible representation in the Press—because each section is powerful enough-to support an organ—the " unattached" Press—which docs not directly espouse any particular party , yet
caters for the interests and selfishness of Capital and capitalists , in all their various shapes and modifications . Tho wealthy journals are huge , monopolising corporations , which buy up the talent , and corrupt the honest y of those who might otherwise enli g hten and benefit society ; and while an active , almost omnipotent , and decidedl y unscrupulous agency , is thus incessantl at work to prop up the supremacy of the wealthy and the profit-mongering classes , the poor , the laborious—upon whose toils they all subsist—from whose exertions they wring all the conveniences , comforts , and luxuries of life—are not permitted to speak , either in Parliament , or through the Press .
The last statement may appear too strong , but it is true . If , by chance , earnest , honest , self-sacrificing mon contrive to set on loot a faithful , determined , and enlightened advocate of Social and democratic principles , it is quietly but not the less effectually tabooed . The advertising public will have nothing to do with it . The ordinary press never notice it , except to misrepresent or calumniate it j and the publishers—that is the influential and
respectable publishers—keep it out of all chance of circulation in those quarters where it is important that the opinions of the toiling and struggling masses should be heard . Thus it happens that a great gulf yawns between the producing and the wealth y classes , that they are—as Mr . Disraeli has strongly but not too strongly described— " Two Nations " living upon oho soil , wholl y ignorant of each Pther ' sjeal feelings , sentiments , and . motives ,
The Dread Op Tyrants, "Let There Be Li G...
arid growing daily more and more « steanged from , ; and hostile to , each other . If the ; formidable and dextewra * ly devised obstacleswhich prevent the establishment of a really free Press in England , were remo ved , it touW 4 o more to p lace affairs on a right footing than any single measure that can be named . Talent would be liberated from the thraldom . of Capital and speak out its own honest thoughts . Genius would utter its own lofty inspirations instead of being dependent upon the wealthy capitalists , who now make them their exponent and their drudges , at
prices which are as scanty and unremunerative , relatively speaking as those awarded to the manual labourer b y the same classes . Literary men would be enabled to become proprietors of journals themselves—they voulu * be freed from a debasing dependence which is not more injurious to themselves , than it is hurtful to the best interests of the country . Newspapers and periodicals with hig her objects , purer principles , and a healthier tone ,
would make their appearance in every part of the country . We should no longer be struck viith the anomaly of Hudderstield with nearly thirty thousand inhabitants , being without a local newspaper , and a collection of rude shanties in the backwoods , with three hundred inhabitants , posssessing that article . Apart altogether from the purely political , social , or intellectual aspects of the question in its lowest —the commercial and material point of vIcavthe abolition of all restrictions on the Press ,
commends itself to the true statesman as a measure of primary and paramount importance . It would open up new markets for industry , release an important manufacture from the galling and absurd restrictions of the Excise , stimulate enterprise , and increase employment at the same time that it educated the ignorant , and incited the intelligent to act in accordance with higher views of social and self-interest , than those by which they arc now actuated .
One of the most touching and sorrowful of laments written by an eminent living poetess , is entitled " We . mig ht have been . " It is indeed saddening to contrast what we might have been in this respect—what we might beand then rememember that all the evils we have glanced at , are inflicted ostensibly to raise taxes which are afterwards squandered in maintaining extravagant and useless establishments , or in keeping up the physical force required to perpetuate the oppression of rulers , and the degradation of the people .
Legal Information For Ignorant Judges An...
LEGAL INFORMATION FOR IGNORANT JUDGES AND LAWYERS . We observe that the members of the bar on the Western Circuit , are getting up an address to the Judge , b y way of rejoinder to the almost unanimous condemnation of his conduct by the Press , in the case of the Birds . They intend to justify that conduct , on tho ground that it was strictl y legal . Now , as we remarked at the time of the trial , if it was legal , it was high time the law should be altered , which permitted so gross an outrage on the moral feeling of the whole community . But unfortunately for Mr . Justice Talfourd and
his legal defenders , he has not even a leg to stand upon here either , and must be convicted of ignorance of the law , and of his duties as Judge , when he summed up the case in such a manner to let loose two murderers upon society . As it Avould appear that the members of the Western Circuit are as ignorant of the law as the Judge , we shall , for their special benefit , teach them what the law really is in such cases . It is so clearly and unequivocally laid down , that not one of them , with all the subtlety of the lawyer-intellect and power of quibbling , can get over it .
In the vfch of William the IV ., and 1 st Victoria , cap . 85 , sect . 11 , there is the following clause : — 'Be it enacted , that on the trial of any person for any of the offences hereinbefore mentioned cr for any felony whatever , where the crime charged shallivclude any assault against the person , it slull be lawful for the jury to acquit of the felony and to find a verdict of guilty of assaidt against the person indicted , if the evidence shall warrant such finding ; and when such verdict shall be found , the Court shall have power to imprison the person so found gudty of an assault for any term not exceeding three years .
Now , if the Judge ' s statutes had been worked up as they ought to have , he could not have committed such a legal blunder as directing the jury to acquit the Birds . The evidence might not sustain the charge of murder , and the indictment did not charge the inferior crime of manslaughter by an unpardonable blunder on the part of the person who drew it up . But Mr . Justice Talfourd was clearly bound , under the clause we have quoted , to direct a verdict of guilty of assault ,
and therefore sentence each of the prisoners to a year ' s imprisonment . The felony with which they were charged , and which in the judgment of the court was not legally brought home to them , most certainly did include " an assault against the person" of their unfortunate and brutally maltreated victim , and the Judge ought to have known that the law was in existence , aud had been acted upon in other courts . No less than nineteen cases having occurred in which this law has been applied .
The conduct of the judge is therefore as indefensible in laAv , as it was in morals ; and tho " learned gentlemen" on the Western Circuit , will do well not to proclaim their own ignorance of law , b y asserting that his . summing up was legal , or in accordance with the statutes by which he ought to have been guided in such a case .
Parliamentary Review. Over-Gorged Bishop...
PARLIAMENTARY REVIEW . OVER-GORGED BISHOPS-THE BROKENDOWN BUDGET-TORY TVniGGTSM-IGXOItANCJE PERPETUATED — EXTRAMURAL INTERMENTS-COMMITTEE ON WORKING CLASS INVESTMENTS . Lord John Russell ' s motion for a Select Committee on Public Salaries was made the occasion of a great party fight . Mr . Disraeli , with considerable tact , proposed an amendment to the effect , that as the Ministers and the House were already in possession of all the
information necessary for Legislation , the appointment of a Committee was a waste of time , and that a Bill on the subject should be introduced forthwith . The truth of the-statement , as to the capability of Ministers arid the House to legislate immediately on the subject , was not disputed , and it is difficult to understand wh y tho so-called Financial Reformers should , with the exception , of Mr . Hujie , have voted in a body against the proposal of the leader of tho opposition . Mr . Disraeli showed far more honesty and public sp irit on Tuesday night , when ho both spoke Milker
and voted in favour of the first of Mr . Gibson's four resolutions for the abolition of the Taxes on Knowledge . From the guarded language of the Premier , it is very doubtful whether any reduction in the Salaries of the parties enumerated in the resolution is really contemp lated . It would appear rather as if the Select Committee was intended principally for two objects , namely : to postpone the question for as long a time as possible , and to get up a Report whitewashing the present system . If any actual and active measures arc taken in consequence , they will probably have only a prospective operation , and thus
the Whigs will save their own Salaries , whatever may become of their successors in office . Mr . Horsman took advantage of the occasion to make an exposition of extravagant and unjustifiable salaries paid to the bishops , which , for force and terseness , lias rarely , if ever , been surpassed in that House . He proved that , if there was any ground whatever for inquiring into the salaries of Ministers , public officers , judges , ambassadors , and consuls , there were tenfold greater reasons for inquiring into Ecclesiastical Salaries . Comparing the income and the duties of the Ministers of State , judges , and ambassador ^ with those performed
Parliamentary Review. Over-Gorged Bishop...
byyahaps , he demonstrate ; that ihe latter are monstrousl y over-paid . ; There is > besides , this -essential difference between these classes of civil , j udicial , and diplomatic functionaries , and bishops , that their duties require men in the very prime of life and vigour ...... In the case of the judges , a remunerative profession has generally to be given up by the person elevated to the Bench . High office is generally tho temporary reward of a life of active political
service , and the attaches to our embassies have to undergo a long , unpaid probation , before they are rewarded with permanent place and pay . But bishops are promoted from such active services as rectors aud college dignitaries ever , perform , to a life of comparative repose . They are appointed for life and long after ago has totally unfitted them for the , active performance of any duty whatever , they continue to receive the enormous incomes attached
to their sees . The salary of a Prime Minister—with all the unquestionable hard work and anxiety attached to the office—is only one-third of tho Parliamentary income of an archbishop , and one-half that of the BlSHOP of London — the Parliamentary income , be it remembered , being very considerably below the amount actually received , and the pirates having besides , palaces provided for their residence . Contrasting the Episcopal Bench with any of the Public Boards entrusted with the administration of the National business , the same
disparity is observable . The whole Board of Admiralty , consisting of six Lords , do not receive as much as a single primate . Yet they aro entrusted with the management of our large navy and dockyards . The two Boards of Customs and Excise , through whose hands the largest proportion of the annual revenue passes , are not paid so much money as two bishops . The salaries of the whole of the thirty-three ambassadors and charge d' affaires do not como within fifty percent , of the sum annually divided among the Bench of Bishops . Forty-three Governors of Colonies
do not receive as muph as twenty-seven Bishops ; and thirty-threo Judges in England and Scotland are paid less money annually than the Members of the Episcopal Bench ! Truly " Godliness" in their am , " is profitable both for this life and that which is to come ! " The scandal and disgrace of the whole affair is , that while the di gnitaries of the Church receive these monstrous salaries , the poor curates and hardworking parsons are paid , in numerous instances , far lower sahu-ies than the Coachmen who drive the Bishops about in their luxurious carriages . Of course there were plenty of defenders found for the well-paid highly-worked prelates ; and Mr .
Horsman was vituperated for having made a most unfair attack on the Church , by Members who seem to be of opinion that Christianity consists in pounds , shillings , and pence , and that unless we paid Bishops extravagantly we should all become Pagans or Atheists . It need scarcely he added , the House refused to meddle with these favourites of Parliament and Providence—the gentlemen in lawn , though every thousand pounds that was cut from their salaries should have been applied to the diminution of that ignorance and irreligion which some of the friends of the Bishops are in the habit of bewailing .
Sir Charles Wood ' s Budget this year , bids fair to be as unfortunate as his last year ' s production . The proposed alteration in the Stamp Duties when looked into , turned out to be an addition instead of a diminution of taxation ; and , besides , was intended to subject many transactions to taxation which are now exempt from it . The threatening attitude assumed by the bankers , the mercantile world , and the legal profession with reference to some of the items in the Bill , frightened the poor Chancellor , and accordingly he submitted a
second edition of the Budget to the Committee on Monday night . But even then he failed . He was asked in vain for the data on which he legislated , and at last the House divided against him in a most essential principle of his measure , leaving him in a minority of 29 . He proposed that the stamp on securities for money under £ 50 should be 2 s Gd . The House decided that it should be only Is ., whereupon Sir Charles declined to proceed further that night , and asked time to consider what he should do next . We by no means regret these frequent defeats of the Ministry .
The Whigs . are like stock fish , all the better for being beaten . But the marvel is the equanimity . and meekness with which they submit to these repeated proofs , that they have ceased to have any hold on the confidence or respect of the House of Commons . It must now be evident , even to themselves , that they are onl y tolerated in power , because from the accidental state of parties , no one is strong enough at the present moment , to sustain himself in office . As we have already said , the
whole Budget is one of the most flagrant financial blunders that ever was perpetrated . A surplus of nearly two millions in the hands of a capable and shrewd Minister of Finance , would have been the means for effecting either a large and immediately perceptible reduction of some pressing public burden , or of reducing the permanent expenditure upon the debt . But Sir Charles Wood has frittered it away in driblets , and with a perverse ingenuity , has contrived to do the least possible amount of good that such a large surplus put in his
power . The Prime Minister becomes daily more reactionary . There was a time in the history of this country when he might have claimedwith some degree of truth—the title of a Reformer , and a Liberal . There is not now on the Tory benches , a more inveterate opponent of all progress , whether political ,, social , or educational . The Chancellor of the Exchequer opposed Mr . Gibson ' s motion for the repeal of the Taxes on Knowledge , by the ancient threadbare argument of Chancellors , that he could not allbrd the money ; but Lord
John took up a position based on different grounds . He opposes a cheap Press upon princip le . He thinks it good that the people should be kept ignorant ; and , therefore , he not only opposed the motion of Mr . Gibson on Tuesday night , but Mr . Fox ' s . . Bill for Educating the People , on Wednesday . His Lordship refuses political enfranchisement ; he denounces a cheap Press as synouimous with revolution ; and he opposes Secular Education , on the ground that it would make the people irreligious . What worse -than this could the most bigotted High Church
Tory party do if they were iu power ? And yet the man who does all this has the transcendent impudence to call himself a '' liberal . '' From such liberals '' Good Lord deliver us ! " It is enough to excite the indignation of the whole country , to see the vicious circle in which our rulers move and reason . When they are asked to enfranchise the people , they object , because the great body of the people they say , are not sufficientl y enlightened to exercise the franchise properly . When they are asked to give the people a cheap Press , in order that they may acquire tho political knowledge of which it is averred they are deficient ,
they refuse to do so , because a cheap Press might be . abused , and because also , it might make the people more discontented under misgovernment , than they now are in their partially enlightened state . When they arc asked to educate the rising generation in a knowledge of reading , writing , arithmetic , and such other branches of secular instruction as may enable them to perform the ordinary business of life in a creditable and efficient manner , up Start Roman Catholics , Churchmen , and Dissenters , and bawl in chorus , "irrelig ion , infidelity , atheism . " They , are terribly afraid of light being let in upon the flaws and crevices either of our political or ecclesiastical-institur-
Parliamentary Review. Over-Gorged Bishop...
tions , -Does the fact not prove tb- ^^ nate consciousness of their uns ound * 0 ffn it ness , and indefensible character ? 5 ' * ak that their . onl chance of perpctuat ; , y ] l *" >\ cendancyofthe aristocracy andtl StIle as is to keep the people i gnorant , andJ ^ s good care to do so as far as their en ? ^ h gislative , and administrative intW ° rate le Such Government is a curse to in teil < is and cannot fail to end in severe aiS ? C 0 l ,, % ' tributionon the parties who thUs l ^ si the great and permanent inter ests o ( f lfice all to the selfish aggrandisement of ., . % t vileged class . ° a Sl » all $
The long-expected measure for K * Interment has at length mad e ¦ » """si auce , and , with few ex ecutions son " ^ well adapted for the object in vi 0 w t ? to t > system of burial is proposed to bo iJ , % Act of Parliament , and the unrip 3 ? % vented from fleecing poor widows a lift ^ at , the time when affliction render s ^ S helpless prey to the employers of tho « » * Let out their bodies by the hour " ° ' To mimic sorrow when the heart ' s not - - a . Existing cemeteries , and burvhm , ' j
« . * w uC yiuwiHHBu on terms fixed mil V dmary manner , by awards of jU ] . w . tlle <* . the cemeteries being made , perhans " * 50 1 » f under the new system , aud the otwT , * under regulations deemed more coi . d , ' *** public health and advantage Public ) ' 6 lo grounds are to be instituted in ccrhi , • "'• carefully selected , -within suitable a \ JS from the Metropolis ; and , after the Ian ** certain time , interment in these grouSf- ^ be compulsory—no funeral , excent Y ° license , being permitted to take Xjj where . The management of tl «« f e W grounds , and the arwuigwneufc . " Wn 3 with funerals , are to be entrusted to tl . « r ^ nd Board of Health , a » d its officer , . T " fresh houses are to be erected ^ \ J * distance of the cemeteries . * " *
The objectionable feature of the ai-r-m ments in these public cemeteries to us t to be forced on the framers of the meaculT the bigotry and antipathies which 4 ™ one denomination of Christians from anVtS One would think , that it would bo suffidS for these followers of the " meek and lJ ! Jesus , " to hate and lire apart from catK other during their lives , without insisting that even in their graves the line of sep ^ tio shall be strongl y drawn between them . Tk
cemeteries are to be divided into two portion ' consecrated and unconsented . In the one the dust of the children of the Church J mingle together , while in the other , the asfe ot Dissenters will repose , uncontaminated ( r wT adm , ixtur e with their fellow Christians ' What odd ideas these people must hare 0 i religion who , even in death , contrive elabo rately , schemes to perpetuate such scnso ! e « if not blasp hemous , divisions ! " "
_ The existing rights of incumbents and pa . rishes are duly provided for in the bill ; anj though the plan is a vast one it does not ap . pear that it will involve any expense to the public , which will gain largely in health , h the abolition of one of the most uissiutinv deadly , and objectionable practices ~ of mo dern times . Mr . Slaney , wonderful to tell , has a ! length succeeded in extorting from the present Government a Committee to inquire into a matter connected with the welfare of tha
working classes . The scope of its inquiryij certainly a limited one , and that we pvesws was one reason why Mr . ¦ Labouciiere i not oppose it . It is to consider and suggesl means of removing obstacles and giving facilities for investing the savings of " the middfe and ^ working classes . A second object . Hi original motion , of much greater importance , was struck out , namely , to " afford them He means of forming societies to insure thcmselva against eomingevils frequently rccurriii < r . - ' - 'Jfr
Slaney very properly reprobated the esistiuj laws of partnership in this Country as a avcai obstacle to the co-operation of the working classes in any practical effort to improve tte own condition , and of his Committee for tte effect of amending the law in this respect , and giving the industrious classes the protection and benefit of the law in any associative endeavours , it will confer a great boon . Fron the want of such legal protection and security many a well intended and noble entcrpris has failed .
Monies Received For Tub Week Ending Thur...
MONIES RECEIVED For tub Week Ending Thursday , April 18 , 1650 . THE KOKfSTY FUO . Received by \ V . Rides . — W . Tennant , Gilling . nfsrH' * niOild Gd—W . Sutclift ' e , Luddendenfoot . near Halifax & 1-I ' TrouKhton , Dewsburv Is Cd—Iilakey Hartley , Coins ' -= •" Worcester , per J . Hordiiifr 11 Is lOd—Coditbrpark . P # shire , per J .. Gregory Ss Gd—a Democrat , Pbu-lai ? . Msraj ! f 11 ( 1—Derby Chartists ( second suhscription ) per W . Clml ? 21—E . Self , Great ChererUl 6 d _ Xor \ vich , per J . Hm'l * —Lye Waste , per S . Welch : 7 s 3 d . —Received l . y D . >« rington , Glasgow—J . Lang's book 7 s 3 d—J . 11 ' larc-n ' s W » 7 s Id—J . Dunn and others 5 s—a Friend .-J . — KmuS * from Bvaintree—J . Eovve Is—Xfr . Knopp Is ' iM—^ Ku- . Is—Mr . Linseil ls-Xottingham , per J . Sweet U-G . llemmffli Coventry 10 s—IVkhend , Shelteston , and TViliTO-i . pel W . MuirheadSl ?*—J . Hunter , Dublin ls-J . Ilaniimea-i Norwich 2 s—Cheltenham per J . Hcuinrin-ts ia— enew '" Barrhead , 8 s Cd-Friends atXitshell , per ltoid * : emn 2 Gdi
s . . r * o u « , ' , r Receive d at Land Office . —A . Friend to Justice *• - >" Stalt 2 s Gd—T . Duna 2 s Gd—O . Tato Cd-T . il & v-MU w - T . Wiley Is—T . Middlemiss Gd—T . Young u \ l-A . 1 W Cd—T . Dunn ls-J , Dunn ls-TV , Vw-^ xnm ^^ j Greaves Gd-J . Watson is-Gf . Steffen ss 0 . 1-f . Bun . -, T . Kirk Is—15 . Whinham Od-W . Ten t ls-ilwoc riunto 2 s 9 d—1 \ Elliot ( second subscription ) Ss—Leu-ester . , ! ' . Newton 2 s—Uem-y Gousc , Derby is—High Wycomw ¦*¦ x s . ( 1 . Received by Yv \ Ridel' .. .. 10 S W Received at Laud Office .. 1 IS •>'
Total .. . .. ¦¦ £ Ii ' 1 FOR MACNAMARA'S ACTION . Rece i ve d b y IV . Rides . —S . Ward , Bermingliam is-AGITATION FOR THE CHARTER . Received by IV . HiuEK .-Barnstnple , per U . Fa ^' lS Codnovpavk , Derbyshire , per J . Grcfiory . l « A— - •«* ,. by John Ausott . -Robert Revill ls-Patrlck M'Pon"' » —Burnley , per II . Holgate 13 s—collected at Ovwhwicii ^ collected at John-street 1 { os 10 ! d-Cards at Jt . hn-sn «| Ss 4 d—Cl'ipplepatc Locality , per Mr . Slocum l 1 ' ?"' : ^ Antill , for Cards 2 s—Cheltenham , per 11 . lli'manii" -: Thomas Heywoou , Padiham Is—J . E . Duncan 15 .- " Rider , as per S tar , lis .
FOR MRS . JONE S . Received hy W . umEK .-Cheltenham , per J . H <™ f' ¦ ;] Received by John ABKorr .-Dundee , per Jaau » ham IDs . , , FOR MRS . M'DOUALL . ^ Received by \ V . Rider .-J . Scott , Lynn till-J . CwHJfj , and Friends , Edinburgh 2 s Gd—W . Wragge , tleanor t . « Scott , Lynn ( second subscription ) fid . Received l >} ' Ahnoit . — Dun d ee , per J . Graham 15 s . FOR MRS . FUSSELL . .. . . Received by Joun AR . \ oxi . ~ Dundce , per iia " ' " ham 15 s .
MONUMENT FUND . « . . ,,. Received by VV . Rideh . —Bridgeton , Glasgow , r ciP- - ' rington 2 s—Edinburgh , per G . Brcmner 12 s . WIVES AND FAMILIES OF VlCf' ^ J Received by W . Ridek . —Barnstaple , peril . Fav v ' ^ [ bb , Codnorpnrk , Derbyshire , per J . Gregory 2 s fid— - '" I j Birmingham , per J . Newhousc las-Cheitenliam . I ' Henimin 8 s Id-Edinburgh , per G . Urcuiner 1 «* . NATIONAL VI CTIM F N ,: * Received by John Arnott , Sccrctay . -Vlnhn hiw E . T ., John-streut Is-T . B ., Greemvich wi- > i > . ¦ ^ Greenwich 2 s-Mr . Whitcomhc , Green wich i =,-- » jt ? l peril . Holgate- ; I ' art 1 ' rocccdsof «; «»™« ' < : JLP Bell-strectl l ' addington , per Charles Procter , Is w Rider , as per S tar , 11 . Hs 7 d .
Dreadful Acclrest And Loss 0? L,P If? Fr...
DREADFUL ACCLREST AND LOSS 0 ? l , P if ? FRANCE . PARIS .-The 11 th light infantry Rf ? Si ' under orders for Algeria , met -with a drcadtai ¦ j , den t , on the 10 th inst ., near Angers , part of ^ talion having been precipitated into the W ' a the breaking down of a wire suspension ul'it ' a ^ ' $ loss of the battalion is supposed to amount t ¦ ^ men . Seventy bodies were found the f 0 . j ( W niorninff ; four of whom were offic ers . M ; l J ' .- ( fi bodies were much wounded . Ono was found pi , j through with a bayonet . Some of the n ' p were bent double . 123 bodies were founo . t the last moment . During their stay at Ange . ^ men frequently sang tho Marsellaise , an " re democratic songs , and on their departure , « ^ i companied a part of the way by the citizen-. ^ shouts of " Vive la Republ ique ! - Vive les W 8 v 9 ? dullmcLeger ; ,
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), April 20, 1850, page 4, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns2_20041850/page/4/
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