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' ' ofBull t"If the limitation July 20,J...
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Couai IsiHiauss. —The Count do Montemoli...
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Co &0rw0poniieiti
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Nottingham.—J. Sweet acknowledges the re...
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' SIR ROBERT FEEL'S PORTRAIT. A Magnific...
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TO THE AGENTS OF THE "NORTHERN STAK." No...
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THE lOATIfi&l STAB SATURDAY, JULY 20, 1850.
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AGE AND POVERTY PUNISHABLE BY TRANSPORTA...
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LEGISLATIVE BREACH OF FAITH WITH THE WOR...
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PABLIAMENTABX REVIEW. The most noticeabl...
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Transcript
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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' ' Ofbull T"If The Limitation July 20,J...
July 20 , J 890 , 4 - THE ; NaRTjLEIlN , & TAR . ,. . ' " " '' " ¦
Ad00409
J RECIPES FOR SUMMER DRINKS AND INSTANTANEOUS ICE .: ~ REDUCTION IN THE PRICE OF . THE WORK . . ' Great Improvement in the Sherbets , Ginger Beers , Lemonades , and Neetart . ! ; : : IM Ail VILLENETJVE'S Collection of 108 Recipes , for the economical production-of LLYIJLVI . all the refreshing Beverages , both liquid and powder , ICES , MARMALADES , JELLIES , HaMaMS , CREAMS , BRITISH SUMMER WINES , CYDERS , LIQUEURS , Factitious MINERAL WAWATERS , both Aerated and Carbonated , with and without machines , Essences , new and beautiful CCtoloCoIonrings , and bis method of instantly producing ICE ,, at a trifling expense , Ac , * c „ & c , Thi The following are a few cf the recipes that abound in this boofc whicbproTes its great ntuityts Small Fruiterers , CConfflonfecuoners , Chemists , and others ; they are of the best qjiality . andMveralMve Beenimprovedbytiiatdistinguished pprac ^ racScal chemist Ral ph Border ^ 1 LD . MSMSBBDUBr ACOMJLAIED SCX- MBJEBiX . WATERS . STBOPS . ICES . heb bevhuges . Carbonated and Aerated Syrup of Ginger Iced Cream 33 ingainger Beer ( three methods ) Powders for producing them Ditto Orangepeel Ditto Chololate SKraflirambiiig simple Ditto D"Orgeat . Ditto Raspberry Cream [ Lemtanon & de ( six ditto ) Aerated Water Ditto Citron Peel Ditto Strawberry imikMilk Ditto Alkaline Ditto Ditto Raspberry Ditto Lemon SSherSherbet Aerated Magnesia Ditto Ditto Strawberry Ditto Creme de Noyea IPersPersian Ditto Bestfs Fluid Magnesia Raspberry Vfregar - & c ., & c , & c lAraMrahian Ditto Carbonated line Water Whey Powder IIQ . UEUHS . tOraiOrangeadcs lethia Water Capillaire Punch ( BinriKngerade Baden Water And very many others . Dittt fala Remains iRasfiaspberrvade Carlsbad Ditto MAKHiunEs . Sherry Cobbler lI ^ rflLemon andKali Eger Ditto Orange ( Butter superseded ) Mulled Wine MfeciSectaroftheGods jtfarienbad Ditto Currant Ditto British Nectar HGnjEngCup Ems Ditto . Scotch Plato ' s Nectar SThelhe New Albert Pop The Celebrated Purging Indian Marmalade And various others too nu-IPlatPlato ' s Nectar Salts of Manenbad Victoria Ditto merous to mention . iAndAnd every other drink of Seidlitz Water All tho new Summer and « repute , both inliguids and Dulna Ditto medicated wines , which p powders . Seltter Ditto occupy a great space . Reduced to the price of Is . 6 a ., or forwarded tree by return of postv on receipt of twenty postage stamps , by M . ' Vu VliiUSNEOTE , C , Spur-street , Leicester-Equare , London . It is to be hoped that the smaU dealers will avail themseli selves of this oppor & mity , zs it wiu contribute to their wealth and the public health .
Ad00410
KOTICE 1 To To the Members of the Mottram Branch of the National Land Company . M PUBLIC MEETING will , be held at the house of Mr . Maetix ClaCTOn , nesnearthe NewInn , Hol 5 ingworth , on Sunday , July 2 Stb , at Tit Tito o'Clock , when every member is expected to attend . By order of the Committee . Mabtdi Cuncs , Secretary .
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S 1 SUPTUEES EFFECTUALLY CURED WITHOUT A TRUSS ! . ' . ' T"niL HENRY GTJTHREY'S extraori dinary success in the treatment of upwards of 27 , 000 ca cases of aU varieties of Single and Double Rupture is vn 'without a parallel in the history of medicine . In every ca case , however bad or long standing , a cure is guaranteed . TI The remedy is quite easy , and perfectly painless in appl plication , causing no inconvenience or confinement whatej ever ; is tree from danger , and applicable to male and fc female of any age . Sent ( post-tree ) with full instructions rendering failure
Ad00412
DE AFNESS . — Lnportaat Notice . — Mr . YRAXCIS , the eminent aurist , who bas devoted bis attention solely to DISEASES of the EAR , continues to effect the most astonishing cures in all those inveterate cases which have long been considered hopeless , and of thirry or forty years standing , enabling the patient to hear a whisper , withont pain or operation , effectually removing deamess , noises in the head , and aU diseases of the aural -canal . Sir . F . attends daily from 10 until 6 , athiscon-• finliing rooms , fi , Beaufor t-buDdings , Strand , London . . Persons at a distance can state their case by letter . Advice to the poor , Monday , Wednesday , and Friday , from 6 till 8 in the evening .
Ad00413
CHALLENGE FOR £ 500 STERLING . THAT DR . GREER'S SIXPENNY PAMPHLET OS MEDICAL REFORM ( which will he sent free for sis Queen-head stamps ) , contains the most suceesful medical and surgical practice since 1814 , yet published bv any living man . DEtaSni , —After many eminent doctors gave mc over , 6 Ten in the Infirmary , where their best skill and medicine Trere used , ' till all declared it was impossible I could snr-Tive , as my uses , they said , were as ulcerated as my neck , breast , and arms , which bear many scrofulous marks , your pills cured perfectly ; grateful to you and thankful to God . Philip Teibsie , 89 , Bridgegate-street , Glasgow . —To Dr . Greer . ' Mr . John Monfries , 29 , Simon-square , Edinburgh , agent More agents wanted , at home and abroad , for these Genuine , Hygeian , Universal , Vegetable Medicines , which Dr . Greer , surgeon , improred in 3 S 34 , after he had resigned the professorship to the British College of Health , London , ( see preface to Mobisosuna of that date , ) when Dr . G . received the honour of being enrolled at the head of archives of that College , by the late great , hut ill used , liaison , tiie Hygeist . Apply to James Greer , M . D ., P . H . S ., of the Scottish HrcEus Issrrrcnoy , Glasgow .
Ad00414
DEAFNESS AXD SESGDvG IN THE EARS EfSTAXTLI CURED WITHOUT PAD ? OR OPERATION . - THE APPLICATIONS OF DR . PEARSON'S wonderful discovered remedy in all cases of Deafness enables sufferers of either ses , even an infant or "most aged persons , to hear a watch tick at arms length and general conversation , althongh having been afflicted with deafness for thirty or forty jears , Arithout the use of any instrument , or possibility of causing' pain or damier to a child many of whom born'leaf , with persons ofaU ages whose cases had been , by the old treatment , pronounced incurable , after the use of this new discovery
Ad00415
DR . YILLIER 3 OX MEDICAL GALVANISM . GIVEN AWAY , A PAMPHLET on the extraordinary influence and miraculous properties of galvanism , not alone , hut in conjunction with scientific medical treatment , without which galvanism is nseles sin ail nervous affections of the mind and body , mental depression , deluiions , confusion , excitement ^ in--vdkmtary Ulushin ? , paralysis , epilepsy , tix . doloureus , spinal complaints , lumbago , gout , sriatics , local and rheumatic pains , incipient insanity , indigestion , livor complaints , diseases of hot climates , prostrate glands , asthma , dnlnessofsishtor hearing , stiff joints , deficiency of ntrtous eneigy , female disorders , & . C ., & c ByG . Villiers , MB ., formerka stugeonin the army , andonherMajesty ' s Medical Staff at Sara Leone . A Physician of forty years ' practical experience in every department of the medical profession . The pamphlet will be forwarded to any address , on receipt of one stamp .
Ad00416
YOURSELF 1 WHAT TOD ARE I AND WHAT FIT FOR ! 'To inow thyself is the most importantof all knowledge !' ilEETOS . MISS EMILY DEAN continues , with immense success , to delineate the characters of individuals rom a graphiological examination of their handwriting . AU persons wishing to'know themselves , ' or their friends , by means of this extraordinary and interesting science , must send aspecimen of their writing , sta ting sex . age , or supposed age , of the writer , to Diss Dean , 48 , Iiverpool-stree £ King ' s-cross , London ( enclosing thir teen j » ostase stamps ) , and they wffl receive a written description of their mental and moral qualities , virtues , sndfaOingcj & c ., and many other things hitherto unsuspected , calculated to guide them through life . The many thousands who have thankfully acknowledged { he value of advice given , and the accuracy of Miss Dean ' s delineation of character , establish the truth and value ' of the science beyond a doubt .
Ad00417
THE " RED REPUBLICAN . " NOTICE TOTHE TRADE . Ke . VI . of the " Red Republican , " ( for Saturday , Julv 27 th ) , will be ready for delivery to tbe publishing trade at twelve o ' clock on Monday next , July 22 nd . Succeeding lumbers will also be published on the Monday in each week . Koir Pnblishbg for Saturday , July 20 th , 1850 , No . Y . of THE RED REPUBLICAN , Edited bv 6 . JULIAN HARNEY .
Ad00418
On Saturday , 3 rd August , . Will appear , the first number of the New Series of TH E I R I S H M A N . The J'Msuman . " will be conducted on the same principles as before , and will continue to prove itself the fearless and uncompromising advocate of tbe righ ti of the Irish people . Subscriptions ( in all cases payable in advance )—Yearly , £ 1 Is 8 d ; Half-yearly , 10 s lOd ; Quarterly , 5 s 5 d ; Single Paper , 3 d . Subscribers to the former Series will receive the Paper as usual . All communications to be addressed to WaJ . ua Dunbar , at the office ot the " Irishman , " No . 4 , Angleseastreet , ( near Dame-street ) . Dublin .
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TBE CHEAPEST edition eves published . Price Is . 6 d ., : A new and elegant edition , with Steel Plate of the Author , of PAIHE'S POLITICAL WORKS . Now Ready , a New Edition of M . O'GOHHOR'S WORK OH SMALL FARMS Sold by J . Watson , Queen ' s Head Passage , Paternoster row , London ; A . Heywood , Oldham-street , Manchester , and Love and Co ., 5 , Nelson-street , Glasgow . And bv all Booksellers in Town and Country .
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NATIONAL CHARTER ASSOCIATION . OFFICES , 14 , SOUTHAMPTON STREET , STRAND , LONDON . The Executive Committee hereby announce the following meetings : On Sunday evening , July 21 st , Mr . Davis wHI lecture on the Origin of Governments , atthe . Ci ^ r Hall , 26 , Goldenlane . Chair to be taken at half-past eight o ' clock . ¦ On the same evening jfr . Bezer willletture at the Bricklayer ' s Arms , Tonbridge-street On the same evening a lecture will be delivered in the Ja ^ geroem of the Old Dolphin , Old-street , St Luke's . On the same evening a discussion will take place at the Charter Coffee-house , Newton-street , High Holborn . On Tuesday evening , July 23 rd , a Public Meeting will beheld at the Literary and Scientific Institution , Johnstreet , Fitzroy-square . Chair to be taken at eight o ' clock . On Wednesday , July 2 itb a public meeting will be held at the Temperance Hall , 2 , Little Dean-street , Soho . Oa Saturday evening , July 27 th , a meeting will be held at Mr . Scotter ' s , Rising Sun , Calender-yard , Long-alley , to form a Chartist locality .
Ad00421
THE FHESCH EETOtUTION OF 1790 . A L ' E C . T U RE - £ L ' On the above subject will be delivered at Kbit ' s Coffee-house , 94 . Unios-stbeet , Bobocqh , On Sunday Evening next , July 21 sV to commence at nine o'clock . ADMISSION FREE .
Ad00422
THE CHARTER AND SOMETHING MORE ! A PUBLIC MEETING OF THE il NATIONAL REFORM LEAGUE will be held on Mosdat , July 22 , at Eight o ' clock , p . m . , at the litebaby Ixsimrnojf , Jons-smsEr , Fitzboi-squabe , to receive the Quarterly Report of the Council , and to discuss the principles and objects of the League , especially in reference to a just and efficient Poor Law ; Self-sustaining Employment of the Poor ; Equitable Adjustment of Taxation ; Mitigation of the Evils of Partial Free Trade ; The Gradual Nationalisation of the Land and Public Works of the Country ; the establishment of a system of National Credit , open to all deserving appb ' cants requiring aid in the prosecution of Industrial Operations ; the abrogation of a Metalic Standard Yalue in the Currency ; and the establishment of Public Stores , for tbe equitable interchange of the Production of Industry . J . B . O'Bbien , Pbesioent of the League , in the Chair ; and the meeting will be addressed by Several Popular Advocates of the Rights of the People . Admission Free .
Ad00423
TO JOURNEYMEN SHOEMAKERS , CLICK ERS , AND MALE ASSISTANTS IN THE SHOE TRADE . A PUBLIC MEETING will le held on il Toesoay Evening , July 23 rd , at the Mechanics'Institution , Chancery-lane , Holborn , to consider the propriety of establishing a Society for the Relief of aged and decayed Journeymen Shoemakers , Clickers , and Male Assistants in the Shoe trade , when tbe attendance of all persons connected with the trade is earnestly requested . The Chair to be taken at Six o'clock J . Lucab , Sec ., pro . tern ,
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EMIGRATION TO NORTH AMERICA . W TAPSCOTT AND CO ., SHIPPING and Emigration Agents , Liverpool , continue to despatch First Class Ships—To NEW YORK—every Five Days . To NEW OSLEANS-every Ten Days . To BOSTON and PHILADELPfllA-every Fifteen Days . And occasionally to BALTIMORE , CHARLESTON , SAVANNAH , QUEBEC , and St . JOHNS . Drafts for any amount , at sight , on New York , payable in any part of the United States . Tapseott ' a "Emigrant ' s Guide" sent free , on receipt of Four Postage Stamps . tgg » About twenty-eight thausand persons sailed for the New World , In Tapscotfsline of American Packets , in 1849 .
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TO TAILORS . By approbation of ffer Majesty Queen Ttcforia , and U . R . H . Prince Albert . NOW READY , THE LONDON AND PABIS SUMMER . FASHIONS for 1850 , by Messrs . BENJAMIN READ and Co ., 12 , Hart-street , Bioomsbary . square , London ; and by GEORGE BERGER , Holywell-street , Strand ;* splendid PRINT , exquisitely engraved ,- and very richly coloured . This beautiful Print wul be accompanied with very extra fitting , and most fashionable style Riding , Frock and Dress-coat Patterns ; a Paletot , or Spring Over
Couai Isihiauss. —The Count Do Montemoli...
Couai IsiHiauss . —The Count do Montemolin , son of Don Carlos , was married on the 10 th inst ., at the Royal Palace of Caserte , near Naples to the Prmcesg Caroline , sister of the King . Tho same day tho Duke of Rivas , Spanish Ambassador , quitted . Naples on board : a Spanish steam-frigate
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Eclipt ^ ^ > -m 8 ± DA 7 IS PUBLISHED , ; ' , : No . IX . oV ¦ : . / . ; *; -
Co &0rw0poniieiti
Co & 0 rw 0 poniieiti
Nottingham.—J. Sweet Acknowledges The Re...
Nottingham . —J . Sweet acknowledges the receipt of the following sums ( sent herewith ) viz .: — Windinq-ot Fohd . —T . Baylis , 3 d ; T . Swinfield , 3 d ; R . Doar , 3 d ; E . Price , 3 d ; A . Burgin , Gd ; S . Gregory , 3 d ; J . Palmer Cd ; A . BurbageCd . Polish Refugee Fond . —The following sums havo been rerdred br Wm . Davis , secretary : —J ; M ; , 8 s ; Tea Party at John-street ; £ 13 s 0 d ; Whittingtonand Cat , 4 si ; Collected after a Ietture at the King and Queen , by W . Davis , 4 s Id ; Crown and Anchor , 2 s 7 Jd ; Aliam Shire andHolloner , per Smith Barber , Is 9 d ; W . S ., Red Republican , Is ; Little Dean-street , 6 s ; Mr . Raymond , Is ; Mr . Kcll , White Horse Hare-street ; 2 s ; Concert at Crown and Anchor , 7 s 10 d ; Mr . Hindeb ' s Book , Is 8 Jd ; Mr . Thompson , Gd ; Mr . Moring , 3 d ; Mr . Greenslnde , Gd ; J . Wood , per Mr . Harney , Is ; R . W ., Manchester , per ditto , Is ; A Proletarian , per ditto , Is ; E . Hall , Barlington , Gd ; Thomas Castle , Esq ., per Mr . Jeffries , Greenwich , 5 s ; L . 6 . N ., 4 d ; 0 . Tallboy , to be continued while in employ , Is ; Paisley , per Mr . Gormby , printer , 9 s 6 < L . ..: '
Mr . G . CBATOOJf , Halifax . — The notice sent would be charged as an advertisement . Mn . H . R . Kiv , Edinburgh . —Your resolution would bo an advertisement . . ¦ ; . t LicrFoNn . —The following sums have been received by Mr . H . Wilkes - . —West End Boot and Shoemakers ( Bann's meeting ) second subscription , 11 3 j ; Ditto ( Rymer ' s meeting , ) 14 s ; Mr . Small , per Mr . Young , Is ; Mr . Eyles , Gd ; a Red Republican , Cd . We trust the friends to democracy will exert their utmost energies to support this truly deserving and neeessary fund . Seventy pounds are requered to send Mrs . Lacy to her exiled partner , , ' Mesthyk Tioviii . '— 'VVe have received a . letter , signed by a Lover of Fair Play , condemnatory of . the manner in which the miners , in the employ ot— Crawehay , Esq ., were inveighed to sign a petition against the-miners ' petition for the health and preservation of miners in general . We wish to hear from Mr . Williams , whether there is any truth in tho statement , f @ F The space occupied by public meetings , compels the postponement of several communications .
' Sir Robert Feel's Portrait. A Magnific...
' SIR ROBERT FEEL'S PORTRAIT . A Magnificent Portrait , beautifully Engraved on Steel , of the late Sir Robert Peel , and printed , on 4 to . imperial , will be ready for delivery with our next week ' s number . To prevent - disappointment , and ensure early copies to our subscribers , orders should be immediately forwarded to their respective Agents . London Agent , Mr . Pavey , Holywell-street , Strand .
To The Agents Of The "Northern Stak." No...
TO THE AGENTS OF THE "NORTHERN STAK . " Now I tell the agents of the Northern Star that I am not longer going to be fleeced by them . They owe me now nearly two thousand pounds of arrears , and if they are not paid within the next week , I will hand every one over to Mr . Roberts , to be dealt with according to law , as I cannot pay for stamps and paper , and pay my workmen every
Saturday night—which I have never once failed to do-runleas I am paid ; and perhaps the Northern Star is the only paper that never was mortgaged for a fraction , and the proprietor is the only one who has never failed to pay punctually for paper , stamps , and labour . Now I give this , as the last notice , I have determined to adhere strictly to the announcement . Feargus O'Connor .
The Loatifi&L Stab Saturday, July 20, 1850.
THE lOATIfi & l STAB SATURDAY , JULY 20 , 1850 .
Age And Poverty Punishable By Transporta...
AGE AND POVERTY PUNISHABLE BY TRANSPORTATION . " Set a beggar on horseback and he'll ride " ^ - —; : we need not finish the old * proverb . A couple of illustrations- of its truth ,- which have occurred this week , deserve to be noted . "When plain John Campbell , commenced life as a reporter , the probability is , that he never contemplated the possibility of his being a peer and a Lord Chief Justice , or , if such a brilliant destiny did come within the range . of
his vision , it must have appeared of the most remote and doubtful character . By steady plodding—by unscrupulous partisanshi p—by sticking with the most limpet-like tenacity to the skirts of the . Whigs—and by never losing an opportunity of pushing his insatiable demands for the good things at the . disposal of those in power , he has managed to climb to the height we have mentioned , and secured a snug income of £ 10 , 000 a year , to which , as to many other of bis lucky wind-falls , attaches the savour of a huge iob .
But " plain John , though thus sprung from the people , has no sympath y with them . Indeed , it would appear that tho true characteristic of the parvenu class to which he belongs , is their endeavour to dissociate themselves , as far as possible , with the classes to which they originally belonged . They are always more aristocratic than the aristocracy * wanting in real dignity , they make up for it by an affectation of extreme hauleur . Among other things which " plain John " has done in . the course of his long career , and , we must add , done very well , is "the Lives of the Lord Chancellors of England . " Among these worthies fi guresthat infamous scoundrel and bloodthirsty monster Judge Jmms . Lord Gampbeja haa diawn a
Age And Poverty Punishable By Transporta...
' mapfiiopio ^ seventies , - and the unprincipled cohduct ' of that pre-eminently bad man . ' But . it must be rememr bk'ed , tha ^ manyJf his Crimea , ' much of his OTosWess ,,, and hot ^ few of . his . vices , were in keeping with the coarse , licentious , heartless , and crueiage in which-he ' , lived . He was an embodiment in a somewhat exaggerated form of the , predominant influences of the jtime .
Even his bloody campaign—rather than assize —in the Western Counties , after the unsuc oessful rebellion of Monmouth was to some ex ^ tent—not palliated—but accounted for by the circumstances which preceded his judicial slaughters , and were not altogether out of unison with characteristics of an age which had scarcely recovered from the demoralising and tantalising influences of a long and . bitter civil war . / . .
Since then , ' a vast change has passed over English society ; the laws are usually administered in a gentler sp irit—the . laws themselves have bee n gradually ameliorated , and made , responsive to the humaner public opinion which now prevails . Severe sentences , disproportionate to the offence , and accompanied , with language unnecessarily harsh andinsulting to a prisoner , aretherefore far less excusable at the present time than they were in the days of Judge Jeffiues . How will the present Chief Justice bear the test if thus applied ? Let one case at the Oxford summer assizes answer .
An old man , aged sixty years , was charged with having stolen from Henley Union Workhouse , a smockfrock , a jacket , a pair of trousers , a waistcoat , and , other things , on the 10 th of May . The prisoner said he had been fourteen winters , in the workhouse , and having in the spring applied for admission , he was taken in and treated for the , itch , the surgeon at the same time putting him upon lowdiet for a fortnight . The doctor was mistaken in saying he had the itch , and at the end » f the fortnight he was worse than whenhe went In ,. In reply , to his application for more
nourishing diet , an improvement was made in his allowance , but it was still too . scanty ; and determined not to be slowly starved to death if he could avoid it , the old man left , we presume ,, in the hope of picking up a living in some , way or other outside . He failed . in this , and , having ; no other way of obtaining a subsistence , he resolved that if he was to be imprisoned at all , it would be preferable to be so in a real prison , where there
was'" far better treatment' ? than in the pauper prison , of whose tender mercies he had so much experience . He therefore took the articles mentioned to make an appearance of committing a burglary , in order to be sent to the only comfortable house which in England was open to an old man , destitute of friends , and of the strength to earn a living for himself . " . He merely , " says , the report , with forcible conciseness , ' wanted to get into gaol ! "
What a . terrible commentary upon our boasted civilization lies in that short sentence ! "He merely wanted to get , into gaol !" ¦ We have turned society topsy-turvy . Involuntary poverty is treated with indignity , and all but starved in pauper Bastilos . For the convicted criminal we provide comfortable lodgings , and nourishing and plentiful diet . We hold out a premium for infractions of tho law , and then we grow virtuously indignant , that famishing , untaught , destitute , helpless wretches , yield to the temptations we have placed in their way , and punish them severely for our own
errors . Surely , the simple facts we have narrated warranted some kindly . and merciful consideration at the hands of the presiding judge . The spectacle of an aged man , driven to the desperate resource . of . committing what was , after all , merely a colourable and nominal offence , , that he might obtain , even for a short time , shelter and food in a gaol , might so have tempered judgment With mercy . Notso thoughtLord Campbell . Heburstintoapassion
at the idea of a pauper having the assurance to dream of even gaol . comforts in his old days . Hcabused . the prisoner as " an idle dissolute character , who wished to be pampered in idleness , at the expense of the community ; " and who had committed this offence in order to be fed in idleness , where the fare was more to his taste than that in the workhouse . But the virtuous Chief Justice was determined the old man should be disappointed , and , instead of a short imprisonment , in Oxford gaol , sentenced him to be . imprisoned for seven teaks !
We did not doubt an informant when he told us that the people of Oxford were horrified and disgusted at the severity of Lord Campbell ' s sentences . What with Judge Talfoubd ' s leniency , and " plain John ' s " ; unreasonable and dispvoportioned severity , the ermined bench , hitherto looked up to with such confidence and respect , is in some danger of declining in public estimation . The " common people" especially , may see by this sentence how much sympathy the quondam reporter has . with their not unnatural desire to
obtain the means of barely prolonging existence . Now for the other side of the picture , illustrated by Lord Brougham , whose contempt for the people is only equalled by his obsequious toadyism to the class to which he has been raised . On Tuesday he suddenly jumped up , and on the pretence of putting a question to Lord Lamsdowne , delivered himself of a speech so outrageous that it completely out-Broughamed Brougham . It is rumoured that the Select Committee on the Estimates of last
year have put their fingers on our diplomatic establishments abroad , as nests of corruption and financial extravagance , . which , in these days of heavy taxation , must be dealt with ; and it has become a prevalent belief that , at no distant period , a sweeping reduction will be made in these establishments . Ambassadors , with £ 10 , 000 a year , and a staff of attaches , will be cut down to Ministers at half
the pay ; and , with more , moderate appointments , a Minister will be converted into a Charge a"Affaires , at a still smaller cost in other cases . Consuls will he found sufficient for all our wants in most instances , and in many others separate establishments may be rolled into one , without detriment to the interests of the country , and with considerable saving to the national Treasury .
These were the fearful prospects which opened the mouth of Lord Brouqham , formerly known as Harmr Bbovgham , the Man of the People . He protested against " the foreign phantasy , that the time has come for lowering the English aristocracy , " and he threatened , if the scheme of placing these diplomatic sinecures on a just footing was persisted in , that he would propose they shall begin at the top , and cut down the civil list of the Queen herself ; notwithstanding he was aware that that was definitively settled at the commencement of each reign , and that a
bargain is a bargain , Now what does Lord Brougham mean by "lowering the aristocracy ? " If we can form any idea at all , it is that they should give any return for the money they receive . He -says : — " The English aristocracy will be lowered , if- such things are allowed to pass as I know are now passing , namely , that a lady of the hi ghest rank-a lady connected with families of dukes and marquises by the nearest ties—is reduced to the humiliating necessity of adverts ™ a ™
necessary employment . " Shocking , isn't it to think of a " lad | connected with dukes and marquises , '' exerting herself to earn an honest livelihood ? What will the world come to ? We are well aware that we hold heretical-ifnothornble-vzows onthis subject ; but at the risk of drawing down upon ourselves an exposion of Broughamic abuse , we must say that the humiliation and lowering of the aristocracy consists iu their taking money without rendering any service as an equivalent for r ^ T ? ? g Bw by . their own industry , ttiathat which constitutes them trulypaupers ,
Age And Poverty Punishable By Transporta...
whowish , as Lord C AMPBELirexpre « fles it , to be pampered in : idleness , ' : at ^ the . expense of the ; . rest , of ; the ' ^ community ? ;? j Will " plain John" carry out his principle rigidly and . inflexibly ? Oh ! for a Rhadamanthus , who would sentence to transportation for seven years , Atl who " are pampered in idleness at tho expense of the community ! V ..- ' , ' .. ; :. '
Legislative Breach Of Faith With The Wor...
LEGISLATIVE BREACH OF FAITH WITH THE WORKING CLASSES . The hope we entertained that the House of Lords would do'that justice to the factory operatives which the dominant millocracy in the Commons refused ,- has been . disappointed . ' Lord Harrowby moved ' the inclusion of children in the clause which requires the labour , , of " females and young persons" to be performed between six in the morning and six in the evening . As that proposition was only lost in the Commons by one , it might have been fairly expected that it would have been adopted by the Lords . The Tory leader , howeverspoke and voted , against it , and the
con-, seqmmce was , its rejection by the large majority of thirty-three . The other amendment , which went to make the law what the Legislature intended it . should be in 1847—namely , a 6 on « fide Ten Hours Act , was also negatived but by the smaller majority of . thirteen , Lord Stanley having upon that point joined the friends of the factory operatives . It is intended , we belieye , to move this amendment again on the bringing up of the report , or upon the third reading , when as proxies may . be used , which they cannot be in Committee , the result may yet be a decision in favour of the Legislature keeping faith with the mill hands . We confess we are by no means
sanguine that this will be the case . The conduct , both of the Government and of the Legislature 1 . ! throughout this -affair , has been most discreditable ^ ' and even ,. taking a semshview ofthe' ^ matter ^ fpr their own sakes , most dangerous in its ^ character and probable results . In spite of numerous proofs to the contrary , -there exists , or has existed , a latent disposition to trust in the John Bull spirit of our public men , and to believe . that they would not knowingly and openly be . guilty' of a , breach of faith , or sanction unfair play . Wherever theso illusions
may hare lingered they mustnofw be utterl y dispelled : : Th 6 proverbial manliness and honesty of which wo . ' co proudly boast as a feature in the national character , has no existence when the game of party _ requires the sacrifice of a weak to a powerful interest . The appeal of the producing classes to the honour of the British Parliament , has proved as unavailing as their petitions , for justice , when these petitions have involved the selfish interests of privileged classes ,- Until industry is directly represented , and its rights boldly sustained in the Senate , the labourer will be the
step-child of the state . Political must precede Social emancipation ; that is the great deduction from the struggle in which the factory operatives , with justice , right , humanity , and experience on their side , have been worsted . If after this decision the working classes place the slightest reliance either in the honesty , or fairplay of the Legislature , when their interests are concerned , we can only say that , they will be the most gullible and credulous simpletons over whbm an Oligarchy ever exercised tyranny under the forms of a sham representative system .
Even the Times—the great advocate of this so-called compromise <—in its earnest and timely appeal to the Peers , on the morning previous to the discussion , to support Ministers , was obliged to admit the immense benefits that have resulted from the practical adoption of ten hours , by the majority of millowners . Referring to the Reports of the Inspectors for the half-year just ended , it adduced triumphant and unanswerable evidence of the soundness of the political philosophy embodied in the act of 1847 . Instead of extracting Mr . Horner ' s own statements on the subject , let us give them as condensed by the Times : — ¦ ' -: .. . ;(' . '•?¦ . > T
The report before us cannot fail to remove any misgivings that may be felt as to the sound sense and genuine humanity of our Legislature up to this point . Mr . Horner continues to receive favourable accounts of the working of the Ten Hours Act . That great experiment , dangerous as it appeared to many , and , as he confesses , to himself among others , on account of the suddenness of the transition from twelve hours to ten , has succeeded , so far as it has had a fair trial , better than the most sanguine of its' promoters ventured to anticipate . The workpeople appreciate more and more the hours they have gained , and the masters aro daily
better reconciled to tho change . The workpeople being more vigorous , and the machinery somewhat more speedy , the produce of ten hours is found much nearer that of twelve hours than could possibly have been imagined , and there is a marked improvement in the health , appearance , and contentment of the people . On the other hand the Ten Hours Act has not produced any of those ruinous consequences which were freely and confidently predicted . It has not driven away capital from manufacture . On the contrary , it appears from particular inquiries , made by Mr . Horner and his sub-inspectors , that since the passing ol that act the
investment of capital m the erection of new mills , the extension of old mills , and the fitting up of old buildings for the purpose , has been beyond all precedent . During the last two years alone sixty-one new cotton mills have commenced working in Mr . Horner's district ; six of them being small buildings , which have been converted into cotton mills . These sixty-one mills have , together , a power of steam and water of about 1 , 330 horses . Besides these there are twenty-one now in the course of being . erected , some of them very large , which , according to the best information that can be obtained , will have power equal to 1 , 285 horses . At the estimate or five persons to
every horse power , these new mills , with 2 , 615 horses' power , will give employment to about 13 , 000 people . In ' the same period there have been 156 instances of tenants taking possession of mills and parts of mills that had from various causes become vacant , which together have now a power at work of about 2 , 738 horses . There have also been many instances of additional machinery where there was previousl y unemployed power . Thus , in spite of peculiar difficulties and discouragements arising from other quarters than the Ten Hours Act , J t appears that capitalists both great and amatf "have passed into the trade or extended their operations in it , more than ever since the passing of that act .
The direct aud inevitable conclusion to he deduced from aU these facts is , that the law which has produced such results should be upheld in all its integrity . ' Instead of weakening its provisions , or relaxing its stringency they ought , if possible , to have been more rigorously enforced . Whatever laches might have been discovered in the wording of the act ought to have been carefull y supplied , and a measure , which had so fully realised the anticipations of its promoters , ought to have been made as perfect as possible in all its details .
But in the face of the facts , the Times and the Government , of which it is the mouthpiece , counsel concession and compromise with the opponents of this measure . Every one of these facts is an unanswerable refutation of the predictions of the millocrats when the measure was passing through Parliament . During the discussions on the measure now under consideration , Mr . Bright , and the Political Economists , have indulged in similar predictions ; perhaps , we should say in the caso of the member for Manchester , direct
falsehoods . We heard him declare in the House of Commons , with that effrontery which distinguishes him upon such occasions , that when the labour of children was first limited to sis and a half hours , many thousands of children were discharged from factory employment , and he predicted , that if the motion to include children with females and young persons under eighteen years of age was carried—the practical effect of which would have been to limit the labour of children to five hours and a quarter—that they would he discharged wholesale . The only wayin which we can test the truth of that prediction is bv comparing Wflwfa-jriftttfl confid ^ t assS
Legislative Breach Of Faith With The Wor...
' tibns - ' of ^ Bully Bright . ^ "If the limitation to six and a half hours , had the effect of causing the discharge of thousands of children , when the bill passed irii 1844 , how is it that since that time there has been so great an increase in the number of : children employed ? Before the Act of 1844 there were em ployed ; ' in Mr . Horner ' s district ' alone , 8163 children ; there are ; now employed 13 461 or an increase of 65 per cent ; I After sucha specimen of the truthful , statements of the unscrupulous and selfish opponents of the Factory Act , we may be fairly excused from condescending to notice anything that may m
future emanate from a ; party whose object ia p elf , and whose appropriate means for obtaining it is mendacity . . : The Daily ¦ News—the : organ of mmocracy and selfishness under the high sounding title of political economy—congratulates its readers on the fact that the Factory Bill , and the agitation raised by it , have been set at rest , at least for sometime ; and it stigmatises that agitation as one " which , though-patronised by the upper class and the Tory , party , led more directly to some of the worst theories of Socialism than any doctrines preached in the penny publications of the day ;"
This is the old-fashioned system of giving a dog a bad name ; but the dodge is too transparent , and too easily seen through to be successful . ; The Daily News and its masters may depend upon it that the Factory agitation is hot set at rest , because justice has not been done—because the Legislature have broken faith with the operatives , and because the system of working mills fifteen hours a day , by means of relays of young children , will lead to such inconveniences , hardships , cruelties , and in many cases death , that the country will rise up against it from one end to the other . What
the " worst theories of Socialism' maybe , to which the Ten Hours Act may directly lead , we cannot imagine . One thing is quite certain , that if we may judge from past experience of the effect a further extension of the same principle , and the regulation of all labour , so as to proportion supply and demand , that experience would lead to the conclusion that , though the millocrats might not be able to acquire colossal fortunes in the course of a few years , the industrious classes would be vastly benefited , physically , intellectually , and morally . The Reports of the Factory Inspectors
place beyond doubt the immense , substantial , and truly valuable benefits derived from the partial application of this great principle of regulation and proportion . They completely falsify all the prophecies of the " Manchester School ; " and it is to be hoped that , guided by the experience thus acquired , public opinion will , in due time , operate so powerfully on the Legislature as to impel farther efforts in the same direction . The health , comfort , and moral elevation of the people at large , are of incalculably greater importance than the creation and preservation of a cottonocracy , or of any other class of wealth monopolisers .
Pabliamentabx Review. The Most Noticeabl...
PABLIAMENTABX REVIEW . The most noticeable event in the Legislative proceedings of the week has been the attempt of the Irish Landlords to force through Parliament , at this late period of the Session , a measure giving them power over their tenants and over their crops , which seem more calculated for the meridian of remote Persian and Turkish provinces , than the temperate climates in which Constitutional Governments have been established . Lords WE 5 TJIEATH and Lucan , two of the most ferocious and bigotted supporters of landlord despotism , introduced
into the Lords a Bill , giving the landowners more summary powers of evicting their tenants than they at present possess , and , at the same time restraining them from cutting their standing crops , save at such times as might suit the landlord ' s interest and convenience . Such extravagantly absurd propositions of course received no obstruction in the House of Landlords . In that House all the members look at such questions through tho same spectacles . They " stand by their order , " and as the whole order" stands upon Rent , they naturally have a strong prepossession in favour of anything that makes rent certain .
But the rapacious short-sighted and suicidal policy pursued by the Irish proprietors , the misery it has entailed upon their own country , and the heavy burdens it has laid upon the United Kingdom , ought to have been a sufficient warning against allowing them to interfere with such amatter again . We cannot afford a famine and a present of £ 10 , 000 , 000 every two or three years . Precious though the Irish landocracy may be in their own estimation , that is far too high a price to pay for the preservation of the breed . For their own sakes , as well as ours , we must in
future prevent them from cutting up the geese that lay them golden eggs , and protect the geese against their murderous onslaughts . One would have thought that the Government which had to borrow the last large Irish loan would at least have had the wisdom ascribed to children who have once been burnt , and said decidedly , nay , to so monstrous a measure as that we have described . Not so ; Sir W . Somervillk , while admitting its objectionable character , cooll y asked the House of Commons on Wednesday , to affirm its principle by agreeing to the second reading . If it had not been for Mr ,
Roche manfully speaking against time until with sis o ' clock came the adjournment of the House perforce , there is every probability that this iniquitous bill would have , passed that stage with the sanction of the popular branch of the Legislature . As it is , the Irish men > bers must watch it warily for the remainder of the Session , or a march will be stolon upon the people of that country , and they will be handed over to the tender mercies of my Lord Westmbath , who looks upon £ 8 , £ 12 , and £ 15 , as mere paupers , beneath the contempt of such grandees as himself , and only useful in as far as they can he squeezed for rent .
Tho Government have suffered another defeat on the Attorney ' s Certificate Duty Bill . Sir C / iuilLES Wood tried to reverse tho vote against him on that point , but failed j and , we presume , will have to y ield ; though we think with him that , as the repeal of the tax will reduce tho incoma by £ 100 , 000 , there are other taxes to that amount which have a pre . ferable claim to be removed . _ But the whole of our financial system requires revision and re-adjustment , and Sir Chakles ia not the man to effect either . We must wait patiently the advent of a Minister of Finance , with capacity and courage to grapple with such task . In the meantime , the Estimates are
being voted , with the usual quantity of miscellaneous talk , ending with the invariable concession of the money demanded by the Government . One of the longest of these "talks' * arose out of Sir James Brookes' exploits among the alleged Pirates in the Eastern Archipelago , the consequent demand of a large amount as head money for their destruction , and various alleged malfeasances in the whole affair , from his appointment of Governor of Labuan , down to the present time . It certainly does look very like a job , but the money was voted , as it was for many a job besides . John Bull is patient , long-suffering , and credulous in such matters .
Mr Wortiey's Marriages Bill has at length passed the Commons , most likely- to be rejectedb y the Lords . The Metropolitan Interments Bill has passed into a law , being the sole product of the Session , of a general and beneficial description , that we can at this moment call to recollection . Both Housea \? orfc hard , and will continue to do so . ' for two or three weeks longer , when the curtain will drop for the Session , and we shall theahave time to reckon up the result of sis . * swatha' L . egislativg tafoatry ,
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), July 20, 1850, page 4, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns2_20071850/page/4/
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