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      N The Polish Universities Tai Mabch 31, ...

      TAi Mabch 31 , 1846 . ^ THE NORTHERN STAR . 3

      F Oetr^ - ^

      f oetr ^ - ^

      ^ The Polish Insurrection 1 L^E Iwe Susp...

      THE POLISH INSURRECTION 1 l ^ e IWe suspend for * week oar "Beauties of Byron , > d make make wayforthe following lines , which we extract « wa tftom the Illustrated Zom & a iftaw of Saturday last . "J fAndP'AndFreedomshriek'd when Kosciusko fell . * — Campbell £ i . Eternal Pow r ! whose Word Divine Hath said " that where thy Spirit dwells T There also Freedombnilds her shrine !** And there the human bosom swells V With though t * above the sordid earth , With aspirations raised to Thee , ^ Til l rapt with love of deathless worth , Han becomes what he ought to be . 1 Wilt Thou at last dash down the chain Close riveted to Poland's neck t Wilt Thon at last destroy the reign Of ruthlecs tyranny , and check The Caltnuc vulture ' s shriek for blood ,

      Thf blood of beauty and the bravo , Who for tbe Christian cause oft stood , Or , faffing , found a glorious grave ? Twere blasphemy to doubt Thou ar t Where Freedom fire * the human heart-, Who thunders at Vienna ' s gate ! Why skulks the Hun behind hi * walls 1 Why not come forth and braveber fate Which never valiant heart appals ! The Austrian cowers before the Turk—The Crass beforo the Crescent flies ; The scimitar hews out its work , Amidst a Nation ' s agonies ! On!—ou !—the thimderhv ; Spabii come , Like wolf-packs o ' er the snow-dad plain ; . And Europe shudders at her doom ,

      And quail the crests of France and Spain . Where are the Champions ofthe Cross !—Eave they forgotten Ascalon t Why rush not to retrieve the loss , And prop pale Austria * * tottering Throne f 2 « o ! none com » forward in that hour OCmorUl peril , save One Pow * r . SnrePoland ' s spear is gleaming high—Her pennons flout the frowning sky ; John Sobieski comes—his swords - Scatter likccbaff the Moslem hordes . The Austrian breathes—his throne is saved—Di .-tales the peacehe lately eraved ; Ov erwhelms with thanks the Polish chiefs—And now—oh , gratitude ! oh , grief!—The Hon would trample on the land Which saved him from tbe Pay-Jim brand ! What boots it to recall tho day

      When Vistula recoifd with shame-When Poland's crown became the prey Of Koyal robbers , and the name Highest upon Fame ' s blazon placed , The name of Poland was erased From the broad map of Europe t Strife , Foal civil Discord gave the blow—That desson , with all evils rif « Laid Kosciusko ' s country low i But still she rose again . Her soul , -CtraUmn'd the despot ' s fcul control . The hmublestpeasant of her soil , Though worn down by ungrateful toil , Pelt that bis spirit was unbroke , And Big h'd to rend the tyrant ' s yoke . And the day came at last . Uprose Polrniain her glorious might , Suturing before herfreedom ' s foes ,

      As day dispels the clouds of night . Tbe teart of Europs leap ' d with joy Whe * t rush'd forth hoary eld and boy ; E ' en woman grasp'd the pike and sword To save the land they all adored . And saved it certainly had bees , Sat diplomates stept in between Ths Hying Buss , victorious Pole , Baffled the conqueror near the goal . The tide wtt'dbackin . vengeful flood , And deluged the lost land in tears and blood . Again , again , the nation rallies ! Porth from the mountains , plains , and vaUieSj from crowded town and lonely shore , The hamlet , and the forest hoar , Comes thunderinj the hattle-ery Of men resolved "to do or die . " * Unequal conflict ! Tet the race

      Not always to the swift is given ; The mighty may not always place His heel upon the weak . Kindheaven ! Who * eest fair woman scourged to death By Cahnucknout ! who seestthe brave And noble Pole heave his last breath , Chained , nrtured , in Siberian cave , Raise up a David , to strike down The Geryon of Koyalty : Despots who desecrated a crown , Which they ( forsooth !) receive from thee ! Let not a noble laad become Th' Aceldama of modern times ; Let Europe ' s voice no more be dumb ,

      Hot silence sanction blackest crimes . ' Troops had eitinguisned Poland ' s just desire" lb ' txthiguuhere themselves " are nowmfire .

      33- "The Attention We Are Just Row Compe...

      33- "The attention we are just row compelled to derote to the cause of oar Polish brethren has left as no time to prepare our usual " Reviews" this ¦ week . ]

      Poland. The Following Notice Of The Exte...

      POLAND . The following notice of the extent and population of the different provinces which constituted the ancient-republic of Poland will be read with interest at a moment when their inhabitants are making an effort to become independent of their present rulers . Galh ' cia , which now belongs to Austria , has an extent of 1 , 530 geographical miles , ' and a population of 4 , 797 , 243 , neariyaH Poles . Aboat 2 , 0 Dt > , 000 profess the United Greek religion , aboat the same number are Roman Catholics . There are rather more than 250 , 000 schismatic Greeks , 30 , 000 Protestants , and 233 , 315 Jews . The republic , of which Cracew is the capita ! , has about 21 geographical square miles , and 145 . 7 a 7 inhabitants . The territory and the town

      form . a . republic , under the protectorate oi Austria , Russia , and Prunia . The Grand Duchy of Posen , which forms part of the Prussian . nMnarcliy . iiw a aaoerficiesof 536 square geographical miles ; apofnJati-m of 1 , 290 , 187 , of whem 372 , 789 prefess the ' russian Evangelical religion , and are chiefly Germans by origin and in language . There are 7 S 3 . 91 G Roman ' Gathelies , who are nvarly all Poles . The -Jews are in number 77 . 102 . Prussia has also other populations of Polish origin in Silesia , and eastern and -western Prussia , from Dantzie to the frontiers others of Russia ; but as they have been separated from the Polish people for more than a century , it is not supposed that they will take any part in the insurrection . The ancient provinces of Lithuania , White Russia , and Samogitia , form the . Russian governments of VViina , Witepsk , Grodno , . Kowno , Minsk , and Mobile ** . Their population is 4 , 97 d , 36 * y . These countries have for four years been suffering from

      scarcity of provisions , and the people are , therefore , in a state of great excitement . The nobles and a portion of the people are Roman Catholic ; the rest , who were formerly of the United Greek Church , bare now become , by choice or force , members of the Schismatic Greek Church , but a great number of the peasantry hare refused . to acknowledge tbe Russian bishops who were appointed to succeed their priests . There are also a few thousand Poles in tbe Russo-6 erniangovernments of Couriandand Livonia . In the Cknice and Little Russia ; viz ., the governments of Vc-lhynia , £ ieff , Pi ] tawa , Kurks , Ac ., tbe nobles profess the Roman Catholic faith , but the people now profess the same religion as the Russians . The population of these governments , which are of great extent , amounts to eight millions . What is <* alled the kingdom of Poland , and which is under the authority of Gen . Paskewitsch , is also of considerable extent , and has a population of 4 , 769 , 790 . Thus there are

      in—0 allicia . «« ..- ««« ... « . « . « ....... «» . * .- *«« .. *•* .... 4 , < S 1 ,- ** Cracow 145 , 787 The Grand Duchy of Posen 1 , 290 , 187 Lithuania 4 , 973 , 369 Little Russia 8 , 000 , 000 The Kingdom of Poland 4 , 709 , 790 Giving a totalof 23 , 981 , 376 The population ef Russia is 63 millions , that of Austria 37 millions , and that of Prussia lb * millions , independently oi tbe population of the different provinces of ancient Poland .

      CRACOW . The following descriptive account of Cracow will be read with interest at the present moment : — The republic of Cracow extends over a territory of sisKj-fuur square leagues , and its existence , as a state , which dates from the Congress of 1815 , was owing to the differences raised between Russia , Austria , and Prussia , « ach contending for its possession . As these three powers could uot come to an understanding on the subject , it was determined that Cracow should be converted into a free state , and placed under their immediate protection , insuring a neutrality and inviolability of her territory , eicept in cases where she should be found giving an utvlum to criminals from the countries presided over by the tbreeprotecting monarch * . The legislative power «* this republic is iu a body of deputies elected by each conm-umty ; of three members of the Senate , one of

      vrhota presides at the assembly ; of three canons of the tathedral Chapter ; of three Doctors ot the University , aad 01 the Judges of the Tribunals . This body holds a session annual !} , which lasts scarcely three months ; it makes laws , votes tbe budget , inspects the administration , and nominates two-thirds of the senators as well as the judges . The executive power is confided to a senate , com ;« s « d oi twelve members and a president ; the president and viglst of tbe members being nominated by the legislative body , two others are elected by the chapter , and two by the university . Eig ht of these senators are elected fi . r life , and four annually . The president is elected every three years . The senate discusses tlte laws before their nresfrnt-aion to the National Assembly ; it nouiinaus to civil an-1 ecclesiastical employments . To be eligible to become a senator , the candidate must be tbirty .-jie years of are , he most hare studied at «> ae of

      Poland. The Following Notice Of The Exte...

      the -Polish universities , must have exercised some public employment , and have paid taxes to the amount of 150 florins , a little more than £ 7 English . The deputy must fulfil the same conditions , only he is eligible at the age of twenty-five . The electors are members of the chapter and of the university , all proprietors , merchants , and tradespeople , artisans , or individuals of the learned profession , having paid taxes to the amount of one . third of the sum required to be paid by a senator or deputy . The republic has a militia which watches over the safety of the capital , and a body of armed men for the protection of its territory . Its revenues are fully equal to its

      expenses , mure especially as the republic has no debt , being entirely freed from that which belonged to the kingdom of Poland . The territory of the republic is bounded on the north and west by WoTwodra ; on the south by the Vistula , which separatas it from Gallicla ; and on the west by Brinies , which separates it from S ' uieia . Its length , from east to west , is about fiifteen geographical leagues ; and its breadth , from north to south , about fifteen . The whole extent of territory is an inclined plane towards the south , with occasional small hilts , and it is fertilised by numerous water-courses , tributaries of the Vistula .

      The culture of flax , the rearing of cattle , poultry , and bees , are the principal employments of the occupiers of the land . There is an iron foundry at Ctacow . and two or three other manufactories in the whole extent of the republic ; butalmost , with these exceptions , themannfactured articles iu demand reach the people from other countries . Under the administration of the republic the condition of the peasants has very much improved . Their cabins or huts , though they are still built principally of boughs of trees , cemented together by mud and lime , have an improved appearance ; they are whitened outside , and are cleaned within . The roads are well planted on either side , and the fields , like those in England , are , to a certain extent , divided by hawthorn hedges . Their fruits are principally apples , prunes , cherries , chesnuts , and even some peaches and almonds . Such is a slight sketch ofthe aspect ofthe country principally in the environs of Cracow .

      Cracow itself was tbe ancient capital of Poland ; the place where Its kings were crowned , and where their remains were deposited in sepulchres . Cracow was , indeed , to some extent , sacred in the eyes of the Polish nation . According to the old chroniclers , it owes its name to Krakus , Bake of Chrobasci Blanche , who founded it about the year 700 of the Christian era . It was Bolislas the Great who made it tbe capital of hit empire , the seat of which was previously at Gnesne . . Situated in a delicious valley on the borders of the Vistula , it embraced the Wawel , the mounain on which , histoiy informs us , Krakus built a castle , which was afterwards reconstructed by the kings , Piast Sigismund ] ., aud Augustus II . ; fortified by Duaunuiez in 1 * 68 , restored under the Austrian dominion , and afterwards trans .

      formed into a barrack for troops . . Apart of this edifice has since been placed at the disposition of a benevolent society , aud thus the ancient residence of kings has become an asylum for suffering humanity . Under the vaults of this palace the treasure of jewels of the crown of ancient Poland were preserved . The tomb of Krakus is on a small rising ground called llogila Eraknssa , near the city . And not far from thence , Polish patriotism has erected , on the mountain of Bronsalawa , a monument to the memory of the immortal Kosciusko . Near this royal castle the finest cathedral in all Poland has been erected . It has been burnt down and re-built several times . Within its walls the kings of Poland were crowned , and their mortal remains repose . Thefuneralmonuments of Polish princes and great men ornament sixteen of the lateral chapels ; and , indeed , by passing through these chapels a

      person may read almost the whole history of Poland , from the time of Boleslasle Frute to that of Kosciusko and Penistowski . The tombs of these two celebrated men are in a vault at tbe entrance of the chapel , where Vlsdislas Jagelloa was interred . National enthusiasm , also , demanded that tbe ashes of Dombrowski should repose in the same place , but the powers of the day refused . The churches of Cracow are of that noble and splendid description , that places that city as one of the finest in the North of Europe . The University of Cracow formerly sent forth some of tbe greatest names of Poland ; but since the country has lost its nationality and the republic is concentrated within narrow limits , she has done little for mankind . The last census that was taken in Cracow showed its inhabitants to amount ( in 1839 ) to 23 , 000 inhabitants in round numbers , 5 , 000 of whom were Jews , while in 1787 the population was 80 , 000 .

      Melancholy Loss Of Two Vessels.-Eighty L...

      MELANCHOLY LOSS OF TWO VESSELS .-EIGHTY LIVES LOST . Two wrecks , accompanied by a mournful loss of human life , upwards of eighty persons having perished , were on Monday reported at Lloyd ' snamely , that of the British barque Ida , 550 tons burthen , belonging to the pert of London , and the John Minturu , an American built ship of near the same tonnage—both lost while on outward bound voyages ' Irom their respective ports . The particulars relating to that of the Ida , as received , are exceedingly , brief . She was commissioned by government for the _ conveyance of government stores for Canada , and sailed for St . John ' s , New Brunswick , on the 4 th of January . There were on board , besides the crew , eighteen in number , including the master , Captain William Chamber , thirty-eight passengers . A letter ,

      stated to be written by Mr . Sherwood , the British consul at Portland , thus describes her loss : — "On the 26 th of January , being in latitude 44 "N ., long . 52 30 W ., the barque broached to , while scuduing before a severe gale from S . S . E ., and was thrown on her beam ends . Tbe passengers and crew immediately rushed into the long-boat , to the number of forty-five . The land bore N . N . E ., distant about thirty leagues The boat got about two cables-length from the vessel when she shipped a sea , filled , and all in her perished . The mate , nine , men , and oneyoung woman remained on the wreck , in the tops , from Monday morning until Friday morning , when they were taken off by the schooner Three Sisters , of Eden , where they were landed much frozen , the mate being the only one able to travel . "

      The fate of the John Minturu , and her crew and passengers , amounting to fifty in number , was of a Heart-rending character . The ill-fated vessel was 5 < W tons burthen , and bound to New York , having , besides a number of cabin and steerage passengers , several shipwrecked seamen , who had been picked up on the voyage . They were within three days' sail of her destination . At half-past nine o ' clock on the 14 th of February she struck with tremendous force , when she broke but did not separate . Every effort , says one of the survivors , a seaman , named King , was made to preserve the lives of those on board , numbering fifty-one . The captain , with his wile , son , daughter , servant , and cabin passengers , took refuge in the poop cabin . The long-boat was cast adrift and launched over the bows ; live ofthe crew and the steerage passengers , a Portuguese , jumped

      into her . It is supposed that the captain , his mate , and the pilot remained in the poop , for they were not seen afterwards , and in the course of an hour the ship parted amidships , and the after part drifted away into tbe sea . The remaining portion of the Wreck then floated considerably inshore . Those who were lashed to the forecastle instantly perished . Between eleven and twelve o ' clock at night a boat was put off to rescue those who were clinging to pieces of the wreck , consisting of two under mates , two ofthe crew and four ofthe steerage passengers , and after almost insurmountable difficulties , they were preserved . In the remains of the forecastle sixteen bodies were found ; they laid in a cluster round the stump of the foremast . Among them could be recognized the captain ' s wife and his children . The following morning at daybreak the bodies were brought ashore .

      Isdecest Assault.—At A Special Sessions,...

      Isdecest Assault . —At a special sessions , held on Monday , at Stratford , llenry Isaacs , a youth of about sixteen , was charged with having grossly and indelicately assaulted Mrs . Pelley , the wife of Captain Pelley , and a daughter-in-law of Sir John Henry Pelley . The assault took place in the forenoon , in some fields , called Dog ' s Fields , which Mrs . Pelley and her sister were crossing in their way to the residence of Lady Ram . Miss Fry , the sister of complainant ( and a daughter of the late benevolent Mrs . Fry ) , spoke positively to the person of the accused , and other witnesses described the assault , but could not distinctly swear that the accused was the party . — The magistrates , as there was a doubt , decided on sending the case to tbe sessions ; Mr . C'iiarnock , on behaif of the accused , stating that he should be distinctly able to prove an alibi . Bail was then tendered , and accented .

      FiKE is Gbacechurch-stbeet . —Suspected Kobbert a . \ d Isceswarism . —On Sunday morning , between four and five o ' clock , the premises of Mr . It . Plant , a hosier and outfitter , were discovered to be on fire . The brigade engines from Jeffrey-square and Watling-street stations were quickly on the spot . The flames were subdued . The damage done , however , is very considerable ; the principal portion ofthe stock being very seriously burned , as well as the shop itself . Upon Mr . Braidwood makinganexamination ofthe premises , he found that the flames had

      commenced in five or six portions ofthe shop , and that there had apparently been some tar placed on the wall to make the flames travel faster . Mr . Plant , upon searching the cash-box , discovered that a £ 10 note had been abstracted , as well as some gold . This circumstance , added to others which have since transpired , leave little or no doubt that the premises had first been robbed and afterwards set fire to , but who the party was remains at the present a mystery . Mr . Plant was insured iu the Sun and Globe Fireoffices .

      CnKiionxE Gardens , Chkuiea . —Thejusticcsofth « Kensington division ofthe county of Middlesex lave refused to renew the license for Cremorne Gardens . The matter will be taken by appeal to the Quarter Sessions . A Poor Mas ' s Life saved b t IIom , OTTAT * 8 PllLa . -Jeremiah Lau | hun , a por ter about tho quays of Dublin , mis afflicted for years with shortness of breath , spitting ot phlegm , night perspirations , and general weakness of body , a want of appetite , sick headache , besides suffering much from the liver , lhi-s man was m thesecond stage of comuniption , and not expected to live three months , when ho commenced the useof JMway ' s w onderful pills , aud by their means alone he is now strong , as hale , aud as well as ever he * r « s in his life .

      Tixmtir Aofafmtnt&

      tixmtir Aofafmtnt &

      Corowainers' General Mutual Assistance A...

      COROWAINERS' GENERAL MUTUAL ASSISTANCE ASSOCIA TION . Associateo Shofmates . —As we are new nearly on the eve of Conference , and as that Conference will be tho most important to our trade that ever was held in this country—because , whilethe oligarchical and commercial classeiare quarrelling among themselves , as to which shall wring the largest amount of spoil from the industry ofthe working-man , and while the in termediate or employing class , at least of our trade , are watching narrowly , not only the moves » f | the governing classes , Out making inroad after inroad silently and steadily , till our association i * involved from its centre to its circumference by a deiire among our masters to take advantage of the commercial chan ; es that are about to take place in this country , and thereby reduce our wages to the altered circumstance ! which class legislation and privileged idleness deem proper to inflict on society at large .

      We gay tt will be important , for , in judging of the amount of good our union has already effected with its neceifarily imperfect ^ machinery ; imperfect , because of the amount of difficulties it had and still has to contend with , inasmuch as it is now resisting acts ofthe foulest and grossest despotism , not only of those who live on the profits of labour , but by men of our order— norking-nien , as the sequel will show , but it is still wading through all those apparently insurmountable obstacles , and will ere Jong break down every barrier which may come in its way , but it will be for the Conference to meet and knock all those obstacles on the head , and , with a view to assist in the good work , we will offera fewsuggestions ; but before entering upon that part of the subject , it is our duty to state , that , as the Belfast strike still continues with

      unabated vigour , the levy must remain on eight weeks Instead of four . At the , commencement of fhatstrike we were given to understand that about four weeks would terminate tbe contest , but such is not the case . There are a number of district officers who wish to know how the strike is goinf on , and a number who want to know whether there is any chance of victory en the Side ofthe men , and not a few who say that Belfast will be the making or breaking of the association . Between all these opinions , one thing is certain—namely , that there is not even a shadow of chance of success on the side of the employers , if these men can only be supported a short while longer ; that the association will support them , we have not tbeleastdoubt , judging from the feeling manifested within these last few days : for , be it remembered

      that there are a number of towns in England which had become lukewarm to the association , but who rallied when the position of Belfast was made knonn . It is true that the levies have come in but slowly of late , but it is also true that the commetci & l changes which are about tu take place in this country have paralysed our trade io such an extemtas to put it totally out of the power of our members to pay as'they wouldwid ;—but better times are close at band , the spring of the year is dawning upon us , it is true , too , that our masters have taken advantage of this anticipated change by causing strikes in a great many of our districts , and thereby adding , in a very high degree , to OUT already embarrassed circumstances ; for instance , London , Leeds , Traterford , Northampton , Cambridge , Oxford , Leicester , Birmingham , Jlanchester , Nottingham , aud >' 8 Wry— all those places are either more or leu ou strike , aud all those places have to suppport their own as well as that of Belfast , which , when csupled with the scarcity of employment caused by the changes above

      alluded to , will in some measure , accountforthe position in which tbe boot and shoe-makers of tbe United Kingdom are placed at the present time . But the time ii fast approaching when these difficulties will vanish , and it-bex we will prove to those masters who now seek to degrade and oppress us , that we will not only establnh our right to a fair participation in the fruits of our own industry , but that we will try au experiment which may preve detrimental to their class as masters ; but which experiment we will not try if they ( the masters ) wiU be satisfied to give us a fair , honourable , and independent living out of the wealth which ne ourselves create , and such living we must and shall have . We seek not the property of others by either word or deed , we only want a fair portion . o , f our owa , aud we would warn the master * not to make any wanton or gross inroads upon our wages , or else we may be tempted to take thu advice of the greatest statesman of the sge , namely , Sir Robert Feel , who says " the working classes must take their own affairs into their own hands . "

      It is monstrous to see that every thing invented by the scientific , thephilanthropic , and tbeexalted of our species is immediately brought to bear against tbe interests of the working-classes—every new invention of seWnce or mechanics is afresh signal for their degradation . If an income-tax be levied to carry on the business ofthe country , forthwith it is taken from thelabourof tbe workingclaises ; if corrupt and ignorant statesmen , by their mal . practices , destroy the trade ofthe country , forthwith themasters makeup the loss Vy taking it from their men . If a famine threatens to spread its ravages all over the

      empire , the way in which the masters try to alleviate it is , by immediately reducing the wages of th « r workmen — " an admirable way , truly . " If the men of Belfast try to eke out an existence in the laud of their birth , their masters at once unite , turn round on their men , and indict them for doing the same , and if one jury do not make them guil ' . y , they can be discharged aud another unpannelled or selected that will do the job . But we are much mistaken in the boot and shoe-makers of the United Kingdom if they do uot get justice done to tht Belfast men .

      Our object in glancing at these things is to show the association and the public at large the difl ' erence between the motives of tbe master-class and those ofthe workiugcWss , iu the former we see everything that is immoral , tyrannical , and despotic—in the other wejsee nothing but what is independent , moral , and just . The workingclasses want nothing but their own : the master class want to aggrandise themselves at the expense of others , and wallow in all the luxuries of life , while the workers are compelled to live and bring up large families , of both sexes , from youth to maturity , huddled together in one room , to the utter destruction of their mental aud moral faculties ; aud , finally , to the injury of society atlarge . These remarks apply only to those masters who array themselves against their workmen .

      Vt will be bornein mind , that in the foregoing remarks relative to the difficulties of the association , we hinted that some of our own order were working against us—the short facts of the case are these : some short time since , a portion of the trade of Glasgow thought proper to join our association—this portion had from London cards and general laws , and the secretary attempted to put on a levy on these who joined to support the men of Belfast , but no sooner did the old body , as they arc called , see this step taken than thoy went to the masters and solicited them to " aid and assist them ( the old body ) in putting tbe unionists down , " for , said they to the masters , "if you do not help us to destroy the unionists they will soon destroy you , as well as they are seeking to destroy the masters of Belfast . " The masters of Glasgow of course ,

      true to their own interests , united at once with the old body , and they both conjointly struck off every man that belonged to our association , and sent to Edinburgh for men tO fill UP their places , —Edinburgh being on strike at the time . Is there not something unomolous in striking off lliflts and sending for flints to take their seats of work ? But , say the men of Glasgow to the masters" If you do not help us to beat down the union the union will destroy you . " " To beat them down is the very thing that we want , " say the masters . Wlftt a victory ! Aud what Is it for 1 Did the ' uiiionists attempt to reduce wages ? No ! But the old body said , in substance , they would raise it , and so they told the masters , and the masters , of course , put down tbe party which they thought would in time be the most powerful to contend with . Thug it will be seen , that while the masters of Belfast are

      persecuting and prosecuting the unionists for attempting to unite at all , the operatives of Glasgow are knocking it on the head altogether . Verily , you Glasgow heroes , you have done a noble deed!—a deed which will sbed lustre on the trade of Glasgow . W'liat will tbe association do after this ? Will they still relieve cards from the old bodies ? We shall see . For our own part , we believe there ought not to be one card relieved in future , except our own . Seeing tbe brutal man in r in which our opponents are ccting towards us , could it ever be imagined that any body of men could be found in our trade to act in so foolish , weak , and base a manner as to deprive a number of men of employment for merely believing thata general union is better than a local one 1 However , it is now iu tbe bauds of the association , and they may deal with the act of the men of Glasgow as they think

      proper . But to return to the Conference ; it might be as well to inform the country that there are a number of changes in , and amendments to , our general laws contemplated by the men of London , and perhaps the same feelings pervade the men ofthe country ; if so , the best and fairest way to act would be for any district in London or the country to reduce all their amendments to writing , and send them in a letter to us , in oraer that they may be printed and transmitted to tbe country in time for tbe annual district meetings * so that the whole ofthe amendments might

      be seen at otu * glance , and their bearing upon each other clearly ascertained . The constituency might instruct thw delegates as tothe ^ Ha , mer m which they should vote , thereby ; facilitating the business of Conference , mid giving tbe delegates , proper time to consider well the proposifiois to be laid before them when they meet . It will therefore , we think , be only fair that ' aH parties should be mad * acquainted with tho changes intended to be proposed , and it is with no other view but that of having these amendments printed and laid before the country that we have offered the suggestion .

      There is another subject which the Conference must take into their serious consideration—namely , that of cards ; if the association suffers more from one thing than another , it is from the issuing of cards . For instance , when a town is suspended , that town still retains its cards . Of course , the members of that town can tramp and receive relief from our funds the same as if no suspension had taken place . It is also a fact , that to » 11 s write up to London for support in cases of strikes , well knowing that a refusal is certain . But what care they * They have union cards to trump with , in one instance , : i very important town wrote up forsupport , though that town has not paid a farthing since we have been in oftiue . Another town in the south of England broke up , a «< l divided the cards that remained among the members that st « od till the last . Now , ouv vi-ason for mentioning these things here is , to point out to the country the maimer in which this system afficts our association , and to prepare the minds of the delegates , when Conference meets , to meet it in all its bearings . Let any man possessing an ordinary amount of com-

      Corowainers' General Mutual Assistance A...

      mon sense reflect for a moment ontheeff . ct of such a state of affairs , -- and ne . ffonder , yhv jt hjxi ^ . Broken up our n „ ion long before this ; together with which the members of the association th < , mselvea add in a very hjgh degree to our difficulties by relieving cards , of the old body particularly , after the manner in which they have acted in Glasgow , London , and Liverpool . In London they employ men to write letters in disparagement ot our principles and motives—in Liverpool thoy relievo all union cards , it is true , but it would be far better if they did not , because they do more harm by to doing than good , inasmuch as when the person relieved calls for his card , the Liverponl bod y give him ono of their own instead ; it will be observed that this places tho parson so relieved in a worse position than if he were not relieved

      at all , forms selling his card for relief , a Liverpool card being no manner of use ; this mode 01 action on the part of Liverpool places Irishmen who belong to our union , and come over on strike , in a most awkward predicament , and we sincerely hope Liverpool will cease acting in this manner . Thus it will be seen our opponents do things under the guise of liberality , which in reality are meuntonly to perplex and embarrass . Let any candid and unbiassed man compare the actions of the old bodies of London , Liverpool , and Glasgow , and he must almit at once that their manner of acting is entirely wrong , for while the London body employ men

      to writ * letters ( at Gd . each ) to undermine our position and villify our motives , the Liverpool body aresn & rinj our cards , in order to disgust our number . ? , intending , of course , to prove the inutility of our association , while Glasgow wantonl y and basely unites with thu common enemy for the purpose of depriving our members of Uutir employnient . Let any honest and fair man compute all these things together , and he must come to the conclusion that nothing could engender such feelings and actions , but a brutal and sordid determination to break us up at all hazards ; and for what ! Have we ever been the cause of reducing wages ? Have we been the cause of worsting the position of the boot and shoemakers of

      Great Britain and Ireland 1 No ; on tbe contrary , our members have made personal and aggregate IftW'iJJCeS for the purpose of carrying out a great principle ; and believing , as we do , that that great principle is necessary to secure our independence as a trade , we are willing to pay for the carrying out of so resplendent an * xporiment ; we therefore think our own ihopmates at least ought to give us a fair chance to work out a system which has already done so much good , and will do more , if it get anything like fair play from our own order . It should be borne in mind , that we are the first trade Who solved the problem of whether the working-clasps ( 01 different countries ) could be united for a common object , though differing widely in other respects . We have solved that problem , and , perhaps , in after times , it may redound to tbe everlasting fame of our calling , that we were the first who achieved so desirable and moral an object ; for remember , the only hope the privileged idlers of the earth have of living and revelling on the wrongs of

      man is , that the working-classes of all countries are destitute of the eleivents necessary to form a union strong enough to secure their own intsrests ; remember , too , that those privileged orders use every artifice which wealth can command and scientific imaginations can suggest , to keep the wovWng . classes divided , in order that , by their divisions ( they , the privileged orders ) , may the more easily keep up their nefarious practicua ; remember , then , that the > boot and shoemakers were the first working-men in these realms that solved the problem alluded to above , aud that they not only formed a general union , but united men , who , a few years since , were deadly enemies to each other . If the other tradesof Britain could unite to the extent that we have— -if they could unite men of their trades in the different countries as we have done practically ( despite the machinations of our enemies ) , those trades uuitedly might form a mighty phalanx , before which the leagued despotisms of the world ( whether oligarchical , commercial , or political ) would quail .

      Sbaiiie ! O , shame , on you . ' old bodies of London , Liverpool , and Glasgow , that do not use your wealth and talent for higher and nobler purposes than trying to destroy an organisation whose aim and objects are similar to jour own , though seeking the end in a different way . It may be as well here to state that , from the manner in which the levies came in , until lately , I was almost fearful in calling for another , lest it might crush the association ; for , taking into account the unparalleled depres . sion of trade , and the numerous strikes we had , and still

      have to contend with , I was really fearful that the association might fall under increasing expenses ; but , from the feeling that is plainly manifesting itself within the last few days , it is clear that things will be all right now ; you are , therefore , herewith called upon to forward , for the use of the association , 3 d , per member per week , for four weeks . Taking your numbers according to the last returns at , your share will be , which y « u will please to forward every week to Mr . Thomas Tolman , King and Queen , Foley-street , Marylebone . * The levy to go on from Feb . 2 nd . ( Signed ) Wm . Cljibk , General Secretary .

      Corowainers' General Mutual Assistance A...

      * $ lu'Vuv < ites should never maVc money or . ievs payable anywhere but to Totteuhutn-court-voad Post-ulnce * , for by making them payable to London , our treasurer will have to go two miles to cash money ; and when it is taken into account that he gets nothing for his services , it is rather hard to be put to such trouble , which trouble llliiy be obviated by making the orders payable in every case at Tottenbam-court-road ,

      Tailors.—At A Conference Of Delegates Re...

      Tailors . —At a Conference of delegates representing the tailoring trade , recentl y held at Leeds , the following statements were made by the delegates : — J ! r . Huitlor , nf Bradford , described his section as doing tolerably well , but another portion ( the No . 2 section ) was in a deplorable state . Connected with the latter portion were a number of superannuated men . The No . 1 section found no fault with their present bill of prwes , but members of the No , 2 section had been most unfairly treated by some of the masters . He mentioned these facts , in order to stimulate the Conference to some laudable effort on behnlf of section No . 2 .

      Mr . worsey , one of the Jlanchester delegates , said— For the last sixteen or seventeen years 1 have been connected with the respectable portion of the trade . When I first pointed out the ruin that was about to overtake us , I was told that I was a marked man ; this I have been , mid have suffered accordingly . Trior to last August 1 was paid at the rate of 27 s . per week for thirteen hours' labour daily , including dinner hour ; now , however , owing to the spirit of unjust competition , and the blight which the system of " sweating" has thrown over the trade , I can only earn Ms . 6 d . a week , never working less-than fifteen hours pur day for that miserable pittance . I have visited a man in " our trade of the name of Charles Hall , wllOJO averil ( je earnings , afcerslavhigsix dujs in the week , only amounted to 8 s . fid . Another of the name of John Bendy , was em . ployed on work , and his average earnings , supposing him to be constantly employed , only amounted to Cs . per week . A third man , of the name of George Wildgoose , living in

      Springfield-lane , Salford , 1 found making gentlemen ' s dress coats for 4 s . fid ., and the trade price averag » s for the same work 10 s . TJd . Another person visited by me had a wife and seven children . Their condition was pitiable ; they were living in a cellar , and the husband and wife conjeintly could only earn 10 s . per week . William Harrison , Jiving in Garden-street , Hulme , miserably wretched : was making tuuic suits tor 5 s ,, the trade price being about 9 s . tid . This man was working for Hyam , and as lie had to find his own sewings , he was receivi ' ug only half bis l-. gkimate wages . William Hughes works for Mr JOBCS , in HeUllSSat--, has a wife and one child . This family make up all sorts of garments , and the husband , wife , anil daughter labouring conjointly can only earn 10 s . per weak . William Worrell works for George Webster : was making cloth trousers for 2 s . a pair , { Inordinary price being 3 s . 3 d . Persons working for that establishment must cut their own garments before they can be employed . These are not extreme cases .

      Mr . Glass , of Manchester , said—Gentlemen , you are all aware that Jlanchester is on strike , and must have fallen had not the l ' rotcction Society rush « d into the rescue . The men of Mansncsttr owe 10 tliatsociety their lasting gratitude , which is also due to Mr . Parker , ivho » e prudent advice , friendly counsel , and ardent zeal deserts every commendation that we can give him . Mr . Alexander Allan , of AU « a and Stirling , Scotland , said—I beg to inform the delegates of tha cimimstar . aes which gave birth to our sectiea . When first we hear ! of the Protection Society , a parson of ths name of John Gibson ( who wrought in a slop-shop } , called a meeting and formed a committee . We tWn sent to Lomhm for rules , and in tbe aext place- addressed tbe masters-with a memorial , for w « -were anxious to most them in » friendly spirit . Most o £ the masters were witih us , save one who

      met us by making out a list of wages B per cent , lower than it should have been . Vfs called a sneeting of arbitration , when our opponent promised he would neves- invade our rights again . Yet this same man , called a maeting of the roasters , wishing theaato reduce wages again . I waited , upon him im order to remind hist of his farmer promiso ,, when he treated me most uneivilly , and told me to go . about my business . He next proposed to starve his men for a mo-nth in order to britg them to compliance , and had it aot been & r the hoaourable conduct of another cmplojer , Mr . Bawson , he would , no doubt , have tried the experiment . On my veturn we shall commence at once a brisk agitation , and by that means buttd up a powerful public opinion ; and , supported as we are by the Protective Society , we shall soon be enabled to ( hive oppression out of the field .

      air . J . Yf . Parker bagged to inform the Conference of a circumstance which redounded to the honour of their Scottish brethren . When the Stirling strike had reduced their toils and left them all but helpless , he ( Mr . Parker ) remitted them a five-pound note , promising the single men Is . and the married 9 s . so long as the strike continued , but their reply was " « wiU wuy acee l 5 s * tt ^' for single men and 7 s . for married , and with that , if needful , would stand out for ever . Mr . Gidreon Box , of Maidstone , said — Maidstone , although n small town , is nevertheless an important out ) . We have always maintained good credit , and supported every institution . Ve have no No . 2 section—all who work in shopa are paid the same vale ot wages . The tailors of Mnidstonc are thoroughly democratic . "Wo are not depressed by the sweating system , and eur cause gains strength every day . "ffe . are determined to agitate and bring in the country , though we pay for it out of our own pockets .

      Mv . V-AvHcr said , on belm ' t of Stafford , that he was specially charged by them to thank the trade for the support renderud them iu their late strike . Mr . John Leech , of Hyde , drew a fearful picture of

      Tailors.—At A Conference Of Delegates Re...

      the miseries' attendant on the " sweating Bjsteui . " In Staley-brid go slop-work is paid 40 per cent . less than-in A ' sbton . Che , tdle swingers are made there for 3 s . ( id ., and fustian trousers for Is . In the town of Hy do the trade is crushed by Hyam , and men of his class . His pu & bills are to be seen on every corner , and no little master eon compete with him . In Ashtou men aud masters were : on the besfrof terms . Mr . Russell , of Birmingham , said , he had lived three years in Birmingham , where scenes of wretchedness met the eye on every hand . One sueh casehe would mention . A person , of the name of William Hill . lived in Little Hill-street , Bri « tol . road ; he had » wife and two daughters living in a wretched abode ; they-had no furniture , no cooking uiensils woith y of the name , and were all hut » aked ; for the husband hadnot a coat , having to borrow

      onu from a neighbour when he went to the shop . Think of this—a mau who , for the best part of his life , had bsen engaged iu making coats , and could not by his labour obtain one for himself J His wife had not a gown ; she had only an old filthy petticoat , and a uirty ng wherewith to cover her naked shoulders . The children were much in the same condition . The whole of this family wera at work upon a coat—husband , wife , and children . Bed they had none , but slept on the floor in a closet , on th « parings wliisu came off the cloth , covering tbumselves with the very garments which , in a few hours , might be conveyed to the shoulders of somepride-pauipered gentleman ! The poor mother died—her husband grew desperate ; he conveyed hys eMuren to the workhouse , and has not jiuce been heard of . In his opinion the cooperative plan , if carried out , would rescue the trade from the thraldom under which it laboured .

      Mr . Cowley , of Leeds , gave in aroport of the state of his district . He afterwards read a lengthy report ( which he had prepared from actual inspection ) of the sanatory condition of that portion of tbe trade called " sweaters . " An aged person , an Irishman , living in Kirkgau , who worked for Hyam , had his wife confined In childbsd , and in the same apartment Ui « rewnB a rag aud bone shop . The wife is since dead , and no wonder . The only ntarrsl would b * how » nj he ' m coula ever hare existed ia « a <; h a place . The pour tailor works fifteen hours a day , yet can scarce earn as much as will keep body and soul together . Aud this worse * . han Egyptian slavery is endured

      in order to swell the pride and increase the dignity of men like Hyam , who would cover the land with poverty in order to enrich himself . Let me tell you of another " improvement" ( falsely so termed ; just being introduced into the trade . A Frenchman has recently introduced coats that are to be pasted together . Tils very week a quantity of those articles have arrived in Leeds . The coats are made by '' sweaters" in London , ; ,-If the masters refuse to aid us , if they will tolerate a system that makes Hyam and Moses the arbiters of our trade—if they can see the ruin , and will notavertjit—why , then , we must by co-operaiion do the work for ourselves .

      Mr . Barling , of Jersey , reported his section as being in a healthy state . A muubar of other delegates gavo in similar statements . Iu order to destroy the influence of Jew monopolists , it was proposed to raise a eo operative fund , to bo applied to the purpose of opening depot * or factories , in which to employ the surplus lunds how in the labour market—thus restricting the power of unprincipled capitalists on the one hand , and affording a refuge for the most depressed portion of the trade on tho other . The first establishment to be opened in Manchester , The above proposition was transferred to a committee for further consideration .

      Teteral Jittellumwe*

      teteral Jittellumwe *

      Christian Ciiaritt.—A Few Days Ago, The ...

      Christian Ciiaritt . —A few days ago , the Rev . T . S . Guyer , dissenting minister of Ryde , Hampshire , died , » nd was to haye been buried at Binstead , in the name county , where two of his children are buried . On application being made to the rector , Mr . Hewitt , that worthy refused to permit the burial of the body of the deceased , assigning as the reason that the late Mr . Guyer was a dissenting minister , and that he had preached against thu Church of England . Tho deceased was subsequently buried in a vault prepared in the chapel where ne had so long laboured . Mkhemkt All—It appears thai the Pacha has decided on coming to Europe in the summer , after the return of his ? on , Ibrahim Pacha . Singular Circumstance . —As a servant of Mr . J .

      Hamley was driving his master s cows through Bodmiu-streefc , one of them dropped down and died instantly , in order to discover the cause of death the cow was examined by i \ 1 r . John Mudge , veterinary surgeon , when , on opening the pericardium , or heartbag , a brass pin , one inch and a half in length , was seen penetrating the flesh , * ' substance of the heart , midway between the two ventricles , causing ulceration of the coats of the coronary vein , and giving rise to an effusion of blood , which coagulated around the heart , thereby forming a mechanical impediment to its action .

      The Knights of Sr . John . —The Counter Francais announces that the principal members ofthe order of St . John of Jerusalem have been summoned to meet at Vienna on the 20 th of April next . It is said that the object of tho contemplated meeting is to examine a plan proposed for establishing the chief seat of the order in Algeria . If ihis plan be adopted a demand will be made on the French Government to grant a tract of land in Algeria for an agricultural , religious , and military establishment , on a basis which will permit the members of the order to obey the French Jaws whilst they preserve the principle of independence belonging to the order . Protection to Nightingales . —A curious order of

      the police was issued at Berlin on the 2 nd m . stant . With a view of preventing the diminution of nightingales in their natural state of liberty , it is dt creed that every person in Prussia who keeps a nightingale in a cage shall pay an -innual tax of ten thalers ( (' orty francs ) , and that any person putting a nightingale in future into a cage , without giving iuturnuition to the police , shall be fined thirty thalcrs . A ( I ' ualk in Livkupool . — The Welsh steamer Cambria arrived in Liverpool on Friday morning , having a huge Greenland whale in tow . The monster is forty-one feet in length , and was towed by the Cambria from Carnarvon-bay , where it was taken , having got entangled with the rocks . It will prove a rich prize , Juxkss of Mr . Gregory . —We regret to announce that Mr . Gregory , M . P . for Dublin , Una- been , since Tuesday week , labouring under a dangerous attack of fever .

      pRui-ARATtoys roR Wab— In order to expedite the orders at present in hand for the const defences- and the armament intended for the 1 . akea . 011 the American frontier in Canada , ihirty boys w « re entered . and set to work on Saturday , in the lt » y ; il Laboratory Department , Woolwich ; and on Monday thirty , men were entered for the same department . Forty , extra mechanics , consisting of blacksmiths and , win-elwriahts , and ten labourers , were- also entered on Tuesday in the Royal Carriage I ^ pai'tnii'M ,. where nianv of the men arc now working OYer-linUi ;

      liBssciTiso . —A f 001 ,, —lieeruating- tor tlm army is carried on with great spirit ia Leeds and thu surrounding localities . On sonic days not less than m . x . or eij-ht young men-are sworn ia before the burougii magistrates . Snia *** is also paid by many , of the recruits . One of these raw noviut-s paid smart on M »» - da-y : in the evening he regretted , -uhI a » ain eii- » listed ; and on 'i ' uesday re-rcj-Jretting , lie a » ain paid smart . Tea Tiu »* i , Mm * oh 16 . — -illae deliveries of ton k * t week were noMnoiu than 41 S , vj 87 lb ., tiad . the market

      for some tiv * 9 past has been in a very dull suite . Tomorrow there will he a small public sale , and it is considered by many that the oll'eruig of moderate parcels , ami frequently , will be muck * more likely to em-urn a good result . Pause ' s . Comi'm * - * - * -- ,- * Ain-Esoiv ^ . r ^ Tlie motive power by which this engine is worked is compressedi or condensed air . It is retained in receivers , aiist operates upon the . Ki & ehinevy . in the snsip way as steam . The inventor undertake !* , to compress a sufficient quantity of aw iu a magaxiae or cast' to flamy ot * draw for thirty miles , on t'titji ntilro « d ,. a crata as heavy as any 'hat is drawn by any steam locmuosive

      engine now in us * -. Woke pKKr-AKiTHaxs fouWajj . —Government orders fiw-miiiiitioiis of war have be \ : u veccti-cd ImtU by the ik > wliii < f and iatv nioor Companies ( Ywkshire ) . The Bowling Company have received an order lotseveral castings for war-steamers , aud the Low Moor Company for several vr-niiMi of lav « e calibre . Tiik Emv-krok of Ciiinm has issued-a proclamation remitting all arrears of tuxes up to the present year , amounting , it is said , to . upwards at 3 S-, lKKMH ) ft tales . This act of grace is done principally in honour of his mother ' s seventieth bit-th-day .. Tub D-jkk nu Bok-jh'aux left Venice on the 2 i ) tb ult . for Fronsdoi't , but is expected to return in JuJy for sea-bathing .

      This Misistbmaji Mkas-URK is the Lonns . —The general belief in tho political clubs is , that the -measures ofthe government , for tho immediate reiluelion and eventual aWlition of the duty on foreign eorn , will he carried in the llonse of Lords by a majority of from twentviive to thirty . —tloscvuer of Saturday . Staitoud JjiiiCTiox . —Lawrence llcywortb ., Esq ., was brought forward to contest this election witli Captain Carnegie ( recently appointed a Lord of the Treasury ) , butboitifi convinced , from what he observed , that his election ooultl not be carried witlmul

      a distribution of spirits , ale , &« ., bo intinmU'd to his committee on Wednesday that he retired from tbe contest . A Dr . Sleigh was then put forward by tho Protectionist party , and tho pollin . i : ciunnicneod on Friday . At the close , tie numbers were—Carnegie , 782 ; Sleigh , 251 " None -jut Protlstakts nkbd Aitly . "—The Cork Examiner states that Major lla- » uu » s Doyle had refused Jive recruits , brom-ht in by tkem-rniting party ofthe 24 th lout , because they were lltmian Catholics ; and that the Major . tltont ; li anxious to get Irish recruits , only wants Protestants .

      AmtivM , ov Foon *? itoM Amkmca . —A large American bark , thirty-nine days from New Orients , has arrived at Liverpool . The civrgu consists of * l , 'if » 0 bamls of Hour , 01 ) 0 sacks of maize , and u quantity of salt beef and pork . Mobk Muuni'its in Tipi'i'BAitY . —liVehave to record iwo move muvders in tbe to «*\ ty of ' * . "• p pern vy . Thu 'irstthatofan industrious wan , named James Keanu , who as ho was proceeding in the direction of his home on the night of tho 5 tli inst . was attacked by three

      Christian Ciiaritt.—A Few Days Ago, The ...

      niffianB , who felled him to the ground , iiillietin-f a fatal wound on the left side of .-. the'head . No cause basoeen assigned for the perpetration of tlce outrage , —The olher murder was committed on the night of Sunday last , by a party of six men , who entered the house of a mau named Meara , and . after first knocking him down with a stone , inflicting a deadly wound , beat him on the head till , his brains were dashed out . Tut BU . TUJ . —A lettw , dated Feb ; 28 th , has been

      received front Elsinnre , by a gentlsman of Dundee , stating that the weather in the Baltic was quite like spring , and that there wan not a vestige of'ico or ssow . The downward bound ships had all . sailed . The Vista «« . w Portugal . —Owing to the entire failure of the . Pouro vintage this year , there hare been little more than 5 , 01 ) 0 pipes marked of the first quality—an occurrence unprecedented for a century . Tina average exportation to England { . 24 jf > 00 pipes ) :, must be made up from the stock of former years .

      Tub Kay Sbabs . —On Sunday morning a very fine specimen of that exceedingly rare monster of the deep , called tlie » y shark , was exhibited . i « Preston . It was captured by apart / of young man ,, butmea Glaason and Sunderland , on Thursday , at the mouth ofthe river Lune . Its length was five f ' eet ,. and the width ofthe arnoe two feet , exhibiting a double row of true shark teeth . The owner was ©» route for Bolton and Manchester , expecting to dispose of hi * prixe to tbe Natural History Society at the latter place .. Spanish Poiaioks . —A large quantity- of potatoes are arriving iu Ireland from Spain . Skals *—An immense number of seals have lately been seen in Dornoch Firth . Piuntkks . —Three members of the U . Sh . Senate Messrs . Cameron , Met , and Westcott—werejoumeymcnnt-lnters .

      Marching and Charging . —In marching , ao-dier ? ,. take laatepB , in quick marching 180 , ami in charging 150 steps per minute . The Lass of tub Blrst . —The township of Tapton , near Ch « stertield , ia at this time the most singularly circumstanced parish or township in the county ,, or perhaps in the kingdom . There is neither church , chapel ,, parson , lawyer , doctor , public-bouse , or pauper , in the place . [ Nor editor , we presume , iiappy Land I ] KnuciTlWf IX NOBTh * Wales . — . We are informed by a correspondent that a game notice was lately served on onu o f his friends to which the names o' 4 w-ntysixsubtantiai farmers in Denbighshire wci'caggend * oV and that of the wholenuinberunly fourteen Mere able to sign their names .

      The Navy . —The number of seamen required by the navy estimates is 21 , 5 t ) Q ; boys , 2 , ( ) 00 ' , * . marines afloat , 5 , 500 , * ashore , 5 , 000—total , 40 , OUOi Fike at IIawdswokth , nuak Bikjuxghau . —On Saturday afternoon a fire br » ke out in the 1 luk-yard Of Mr , Toye , farmer of Uaudaworth , and in a very sliort time two ricks , one of barley , the oth < -r ofhay , were consumed . The prompt arrival of tbo engines put a stop to the further progress ofthe lire . The general opinion is , that it is the act of an incendiary * . the damage is estimated at £ 100 , and we regret to add that the owner is uninvured . A Pkrilous Nurskuy Guoesn . —The children of the slooping isle of lt-ittray , when they lirat Legin to toddle about , arc tethured to a stake to prevent ilitm from rolling off into the sea 1— Wilson ' s Vw jmp round Scodand .

      Loun Ashley . —At the commission of the Free Church of Scotland , on Thursday week , it was agreed ( on the motion of Dr . Candlisli ) to send an addrecS to Lord Ashley , as a Christian philanthropist , expressive of their admiration of his great services to * the country . Salmon . —The Duke of Richmond ' s salmon on the Spoy . are selling at the high price of 2 s .. 6 d . to 3 s . a pound in the neighbourhood ofthe fishing gioximls . Sir Robert Peel ' s late tariff has in no way diminished the value of this noWcfisb . —Inverness Cornier . Thb DiiKB in Danobr . —On Tuc-Hlay iiisjht , we regret to learn , a spur was broken train one of the bat reli'fs on the pedestal of the lVeii . il : ; ton statue . This is the third or fourth case of mutilation , which has occurred , and wc are sure it would bo a real gratification to almost the whole community , if the parpctrator or perpetrators could bo discoveied . — Glaiqow Argus .

      Mookr . v Tournaments . —Tito correspondent of the Athenaeum says that the tilting of . Naples during the carnival proved a sad Quixotic btirlc-que , not one of the knights being unlioised , since the lances were so arranged as to double up on niecttii . ; with the slightest opposition . Kxti'hm ' . vatio . v or Tk . vaxtry . —To add t « the misery of the wretched peasantry of this imakiunate country , the landlords are ably coutribtitiu ^ to their bittor draught . Day after day we hear of & imlies , aye , hundreds of wretches , turned to die i > the ditches by their iiunrtlcss oppressor-, the landlords of tbi *

      country . Isot later than yesterday ,. we an- tulrt Mrs . Gerrard dispossessed not fewer than Ul . *\ retched beings—turning them upon the world , and rasing their huts to tbe earth . A poor man , whose family was lying in fever , implored to have the walls of his cabin lelt up in order to shelter them * . but > . tu no purpose . A poor woman with her child at her breast , was not even allowed time to quit her , domicile , and in the act of running mitsi bvam < feli ,. and , tve arc told , killed the infant in her arms .. Ii we arc correutly informed , Mr . and Mrs . Gerrard . have dispossessed upwards of' 2 , 000 human Imiiigs wi * J . iin the last few vears . —Atoommoii Journal ,

      This CotuiiBiA . — The total distance fioill New " York to the Mouth of the Colombia rive ** ,, airo-s the continent of North America , is S 440 ui . ila » to travel which at thenresent time , would-iceupy abnttt five imonths . The voyage by --e » , from th >* sume port , round Cape Hero , to tiie mouth of the Columbia jriver , occupies about eight noutlis . . ' Fatal . Ai'mta . —A few nights sinou a difference ' arose between two men , about a rignt of precedence 'to put earn ou . a kiln at tbe mill of tiAiu'veen , near G'lantahe ; blows ensued , and some l-ir . Mnal friends of the |) . Hftie » , who happened to ho pA'Sctit , look r part—it is-much to be ref -in-ited H 9 t for thu purpose * nf making peace . UneoS the men , ua » ied Maiiion , had his brails dashed one oh the spot ;; . * itid so severe were the wounds received by the oiJier man , that he has since exoircd . —TuiraJlewld ..

      Maio- Election . —Tiik IJomigiu * - . vzr v \ ksttokt . — The grand jury of the aomity vi ' M « y » hav « lein'ied the bill against Mr . Fletcher , whu tsail been committed on the coroner ' * - wamvntfoir having lireil at and killed & woman at We » tpvr , t < thisin-j ihs excitement of tiiB late electisn . Misiajrs . * Love an . *> Suiciisk . —;" tb investigation ,, which lasted a considerable time , vas gone into before Mr . Carter on Wednesday ,, at . 'he Grove-house Tavern , C : \ mberwcll Grove , on , tie bc . dy «>! ' Kiniiis VokiiiSk . aned nineton , who had eoaaiuitud suicide

      byjhangili * herself . Verdict- — " l-osiporai y insanity . TtWiVft Ftvj'Jt , which is y . cj * j * pjevalent in Ireland at the : present , tune , is also very prevalent ami fatal on th */ continent , particularl y " ifclgium , Isegheiu , ; luge ! a * Antster , and MculeWkjj . ' ' M-aBKus Asuwas . —Aitlie 0 / a » 8 vaphieal Society ' s , ine » Siu % iu Loudon last , week , a Wttev was swui tv' . ut Mi" .. Duncan , the Afric n tniv , eSi-r , in which he > tai «« tliait the lung of Ashantiec c-aertainiMi him with 3 re-v . ew of U . Ot ) 1 . ' female troops , whose sinus , aeeomrelUtftts . aud nevl ' ouvv . u' . ej'sw . erti truly . -. st-uuliinj ; .

      OlLV-uical Wit . —'' Ul wo go to war , father , ' said a ! baiglit-eyed boy the utiiiT dav to his c , c * i-e ; il | aicnt , " from what partof tin-bible- shall you vei the teUC , Sir -t new sermon V The gswil liiiuisieii beiii- talwn . | by surprise at the question , ihouei't a ajosiieiii . and ! tfhsn sinootliiiii- the locks ii' the child with . 1 mii 1 < - / ! iw . 'Cenial pride , aiiswewdtktt lie b--iie *< va it wmild be 6 * 0111 Lu-MttUvtions . —Anies'trou }»¦]>< . ¦> : 'Villi Ki . wfishm * . —t'u Tuesday ? . ir . Liiii ! . ii' ' - 'il . or JJewingtwi , shoi mii * of those ni ' iv I'lru-, tne kjng--. fis ' -ev , in liaucrsta , mw » m * s . H is > vUii < m llies © birds are to be .- » uml soia'ar the mi-ivupoii * -.

      Tub Al . ic . isT- 'jiC- ' , —Mr . li . V . Fiiioit . uitlv W-stern Circuit , has beeti appointed to siicc . ' . jil Mr . Henry , at the Lambeth police co-i-ri , on lue j rimt- * - tion ot the latter to . ^ t » w-. tvvet . vice Mr . T \ v \ ioriL We nnderst-Mid that , Mr . Gruvv , uf the V . i'uet . wiek . police ci-iirt , has teiuWred his resignation . Ssuvasts '' lj 8 . M--. vt . s 5 T IssiiituiioN —On M ' eilnesday a public meeting was h-hl in the 5 . ) von and tjteierc-ifte-hflr . ijr , Tuttenh-aivctiuu-saau . tu wm i-tfund towards tile erection oSforty aiiu---. ! i » iisis , sad also a pension ! ' u » d , for thuaeecpihm ami rrl . i-f of aged servants of both sexes . From "be 11 ¦ i nri *¦«• £ and the speeclws delivercVj , it , ¦ . ¦¦ •¦ ¦ *•' . «¦' . t ' . -at tt * founders of ibo institution int . ertl i , u . raisu bvsubscriptiw's auwugst the l" * . " iOU y-r % ut- « thaiaic in . the vicinity » i Lmuinii . a - yi also with the ussiM- 'iit- ** of th-a nubility ami gi-nu-s , " -he s-. ;" ni ot ' . ! - \'' 'J . 'li ' . * . i > wai ds the aJsove ohivcts .

      Da-Am 0- ? a Ladv . c , f Foura ** r . v Vatfi- — Ott Wedne-day vn inquest was In .- !' , ! , at Timtlue . mi tne body ot Miiss Unmet Sewton , agcii ?¦ "• ¦ . : * , ? , kI > ' "f independent lortiine , wbocatM ! by her do-j . 1 i > by 1 'itnrbg . It appeared that the dce-fased lady •¦• . •¦ . ¦ . i-ii-wiiF- * thenris ; a spark is .-upp-iseti \» have Sullen on her dress , for in a short lime she was envey peu ii : a body of live . She expired iu alswt vi ^ lit Uu » is » , f . mu th-s effect of tho injurie .-. Vcnik't— " AwiiU-i'ia ! m alb . ' SlIlClVK TllliOl'Oli 1 ' KCrWAKV 1 )! 'W '" .. TH' ..-. — Ott Wednesday an iiiqtust wss hehl in . ¦ . ••• • l- * : cei v D-vcr-road , on the iwdy of Mr Beijam \\ i li ' . 'ilVs Minors , aj ^ ed 35 year * ,. " lately miili ! : ; : at >» . U'dy , Kent-strt'o ! , who committed sulfide by hanging imuself . The deeeaseu had been fin * semi- 1 . 11 . 0 paafc in a state ot dtspmidwie . v , aiising fv-ni his t ! u > iii ' .= » having failed ihr « us ; b another A'm \< opi i . iuu in th * same street , which bad taker , away the eiiiof port ma of his untie . Verdict— " Ti-nit « vary tis-nii - **

      -Smrr . K <> i- Cm-stm-vi-it 0 < 'i > i - * »' i \**«> i . "'«« . vm — OnSutmai last thu poiiee of U 11111 . m- ' iai" '» ' ¦ * t '"^ session - > i ' a narcei eoiiiainini . a q .. aiiii ;• '• ' »' * J '' x' - > r imici ! euiinterfeitsliiliiui ; samllialf-ciwvti > . « -f' « '''V- ' ^ been iiiniiuli-ci- ** - -l in London . »« ' » twi . * min « i w Bi ™ m * th »« tto * eivw . bitu . n . ] , verp « -oi Ki-iv . iTrs vt . K tub Aavy . —IJie " •••¦*•"'• ' mVinrecov . re't with piaeanis i »^^ SU SS the ship- uelon-fiii / f to the myal i «^ « » l V & 1 £ w , fitti **** wu » t tlm ditforen - . naval niwuAfe , V " * oclt > J * IbtoVmhcw of ^"^ r ' nt ' wTe ^ he ^ r « despatched by railffflj * 10 the purp wbeic , tto « 4 » i - >•; wanted . *'" ' J . -.-,, ¦ ' ' ' .- ,- '• ''"•;¦ •? ^ ii : - ; , j $£ -. - ¦ '"' Hc- ' -. i . ' ' . . - \ ZLd

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), March 21, 1846, page 3, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns2_21031846/page/3/