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^ August SI, 1847. ,, - j is ,{ w™** * ^...
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YICTORIA'SYISIT TOSCOTLASD
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rOUTICAL KEYELATIOSS.-THE THREE VICTIMS,...
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THE LABOURER, A Monthl y Migazine of Pol...
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Caldwell's Musical Journal. We have sinc...
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Nkwion Annoxr-A pauper, byname Richard G...
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luDIic Insitriietoc.
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THE POLISH INSURRECTION OF 1830. Front t...
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The Yankee Pem,mi .— * See here , Mister...
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Corre^bn^nm
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TO TUB EDITOB OP THE NOBTBIBN BIAS. Ston...
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CLASS LEGISLATION AND ITS EFFECTS; , . ....
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THE LAND COMPANY. TO TBE rW-roR OF IDE K...
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THE LANDPLAN
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THE LAND AND LABOUR BANK . TO FEARGUS o'...
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A VOICE FROM AMERICA. TO TUB EDITOE OF I...
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Wariute&
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A woman recently died in this town, whos...
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Transcript
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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^ August Si, 1847. ,, - J Is ,{ W™** * ^...
^ August SI , 1847 . ,, - j is , { w ™** * ^ « i | # i ¦ - THE NORTHERN STAR . 3
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"When the dewis falling , lore , When the flower ' s asleep , When the owl is calling , love , Prom tbe mined keep . When the night is hiding , lore , Day ' s unthinking crowd , And the moon is gliding , love , In her fleecy shroud . "When the glow-worm ' slamp is burning . final lovers to beguile , Meet me where the lane is turning , Meet me by the broken stile .
Where bo eye is watching , l « r 6 , Blushes on my cheek ; Ho strange ear is catching , lore , Sennas I scarce may speak . Earth knows not the fitness , love , Of my deep devotion , Heaven alone , may witness , love , Vy heart ' s fond emotion . When tbe bat his evening chase , Wingetb thro' tbe wood ' s defile ,
Meet me at the trysting place , Meet me by the broken stle . When the beetle humming ; , love * Swsepetii past thine ear , Know that I am coming , love , Know that I am near . Then thou shalt not chide me , lore , CaU me proud and cold , Drooping by th y side , my lore , All my fondness told— . Come , and bear the wards , e ' en thou
Prom my lips conld ' st never wile , Meet me where my first fond vow Waits thee , by the broken stile . THE VICTORY . Tbe field is ours—the battle ' s v-os , The Chartists' work is nobly done , Tbey stood the nre of Goth and Hun . Resistless in their bravery . The Goth and Hsu , there side by side , Enrag 'd , the people ' s might defy'd , And , press'd by courage , madly crj'd , To charge with gold and revelry . Corruption pourMher deadly shot , And , drank with wealth , almost forgot , That Freedom ' s sons ambition'd not Tbe treasures of a Bheccbanal .
Oppression labottr'd , toe , in vain . To forge anew the people ' s chain-But sank upon the battle plain , Into ahidsous sepulchre . Immortal plain ! where all the brave Came , sot to slaughter , bat to cava And make a deep and silent grave , For cold aud heartless tyranny . In sooth , it was a glorious sight To see this moral , bloodless fight , WheaFreedom ' s foes were pat to flight By Reason ' s hot artillery . Look , look around the battle field , See Glory ' s sons , their falchions wield , 3 Tow here , a mitre—there , a shield , To decorate the scenery .
Behold , where Mammon ' s church still stands , Held np by foul , polluted hands—That grasp at wealth , and pray for lands , To feast on holy sinecures . Ah ! how unlike the Roman spouse , So faithful to her solemn vows—Whose parity the world allows , And still remains immaculate . See Whiss and Tories scatter '*! round , Like autumn ' s leaves upon the ground , Bat not a hero can be found To rouse them from their lethargy . The trophies and the spoils you gee , Are hut the wreck of tyranny— . To make a shrine for Liberty , And ornament her diadem .
Oh ! what a glorious , happy day . When Chartists nobly bore away The laurels that shall not decay , ' Till crown'd by immortality . HEirax Gbscchus , gentleman , London , August 16 th , IStT .
Yictoria'syisit Toscotlasd
YICTORIA'SYISIT TOSCOTLASD
If the enclosed trifle can get a wee bit room in the Star , itvriU oblige an old Chartist . There is such a devil Of a kick-up here about our locdy Sovereign coming to see us !!
OUR FIRESIDE QUEENS . A » . — ' A man ' s a man for a'that . * 'Welcome to our mountain lakes , Welcome to our woodland brakes , Welcome for thy people ' s sakes—Welcome Queen Victoria !' 2 Mont , ef Greenock , I care nae for inflated lays . About jt ' r Oaten Tidorta * . ' Korken I heo puir-foik can praise-The plund ' rers reignin' o ' er us . Ye ' r Queen ' s praise 111 ne ' er raise , I ' m nae sic rank adorer ; Though e ' er sae guidfora'harblaid-Our Fireside Queens before her . Let lordlin' laciies roose her name ,
Her princely looks And favours ; Its no for us to share their shame , And join their fulsome havers . Ye ' r Queen ' s praise , I ' ll ne ' er raise , For Labour '* rank is o ' er her ; I scout her richt , to crocniy micht—Our Fireside Queens before her . In God ' s name ! what ' s her richt or rank That coofs should rant about it ? Our gnid fair warld , wad hae nae blank , Though a ye ' r Queens were « ot o't . Te r Queen ' s praise , I'll ne ' r raise , Nor yet the stock that here her ; Do ' t wha may like , I scorn the tyke—Our Fireiidc Queens before her . Ill fa' the faose , degrade * loons ,
Wha d prostrate mind sae lowly , As sing the richt-diriue o' croons , And bead to rule unholy . Ye ' r Queen ' s praise , I'll ne ' er raise , Let slaves wha choose , adore her , 111 never act sae base a part—Our Fireside Queens before her . God ' s malison be on them a ' , Their craft , and guile that gall us ; And let the knaves , wha 'd princes blaw , Aye mind king-murdered Wallace ! A Queen ' s praise , can slaves raise , Or for their richt implore her , "Wha ' sbnt a pest , and had at best ?—Oar Fireside Queens before her .
Let ' s mind tbe wrang they ' re done to men , To a thal ' sgane before us And curse the craven-heart wha'd plan , To band the tyrants o ' er us ! Ye ' r Queen ' s praise , 111 ne ' er raise , But scorning each adorer , — Here ' s Freedosi ' tfrcens , and Fireside Queens , ' A thousand times before her ! Glasgow , 1 S 47 . RiXBiEB .
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Routical Keyelatioss.-The Three Victims,...
rOUTICAL KEYELATIOSS .-THE THREE VICTIMS , by the Comtebe Wiiibbod . Armand , Rathbonc-place , London . The werk before ns is one of so unusual a character and so peculiar a merit , that before giving our readers an abstract of its contents , as we propose to do , it may fe as well to notice the object of the author and his -Leans for attaining it . Those who have been accustomi-d to regard the course of public events cannot have forgotten tbe alarming conspiracy at Grenoble In May , 1816—which had for its avowed object the replacing of Napoleon on the throne of France , aud which , in effect , was nearly snecessfal in disturbiag the weak and newly established sovereignty ofth ? Bourbon king . That this
corapiracy was intended to replace Buonaparte has never been a matter of question ; indeed the whole af & ir has been wrapped np hj a degree of mysterious Obscurity , which is , in itself , sufficiently equivocal—no authentic account has ever been given to the public ; two authors only ever promised to give a complete history of Didiers" Conspiracy , and the premature death of the one , and the obstinate silence of tbe other , are among the most remarkable features of this curious case . Hitherto , therefore , little has been surmised , and nothing accurately known of one of the moat daring conspiracies recorded in modern history , and of the real views of the brave , but unprincipled and unfortunate , Paul Didier—a man whose turbulent life and tragic death rendered him
one of the most celebrated characters m our modern political disturbances . The object , the actors , the abettors , the resnlts , have all alike been wrapped in mystery—aud this mystery is unravelled for the first time by the Count de Willbrod ; who , lit is but justice to add , brings to his imporfanttask tbe aid of a clear head and a ° sonr : d judgment , as well as some facilities for arriving at truth , which have resulted partly from good Jbrtune , but mainly from diligent and careful investigation . Not only has he consul , ted every journal , and public record in which the conspiracy of Grenoble is inferred to , but he has had access C * private correspondence , secret family records anu notes , and has questioned some of tbe mrvivors w £ q were engaged iu that plot , agwell as © then who que . ' ?** it .
Routical Keyelatioss.-The Three Victims,...
ble ^ tS ^^^^^ - resid ^ lfcough r ^^ afeosffc ^ S" * " * . » i itSa haVfbS ^^ iSkiTT ^^ ^^ ' ^ -pKm a d Prevail . ' wvelationiHS . " ^ « htract <* ™ ^ or ' s SinS . J * reade ? a ^ bear in mind that the " £ S » - **&* for hereditary monarchy , ' « nSllni f i ar ? B 0 t <>« r Kntimeits , and it ' is rEp ? ) ° , ? . that the Tie " retake of the Freach ^ TOl afaon xs widely differenttothattaken by the C pmte de Willbrod , who appears to be a « Legititk . wme-t > f oar author can reveal startling truths to us , no matter whatmay be his own political opinions , our readers will judge of his asserted facts and arguments quite irrespective of party considerations .
Paul Didier . the first of ' tic three victims , ' was born in 1 ^ 58 . —Educated by a pious country priest , he entertained to the last hour of his life , those sentiments of respect for hereditary monarchy and reverence towards Heaven , that were the fruits of such early training ' , althoagh a lave of intrigue and imperious necessity sometimes led him into conduct not very consistent with either . His contemporaries will yet remember the success which he obtained at the bar ; and when the first rumours of the revolution were heard , Didier , like all the generous and noble-hearted , bailed tbe dawn of that bright day on which , as it was said , the face of affairs would change , when abuses were to disappear , and wounds which dotage and folly had caused
were . to be finally and for ever healed . Didier , with most Frenchmen , rejoiced in the hope of a new order of government , until the excesses of the 10 th ? of August opened tbe eyes of those who sought sot their own aggrandisement but the realisation of their dreams of political perfection . Later , at a period when courage was rare , and sound politics were rarer still , Paul Didier was one of the few who courted the perilous honour of defending the king , and we are assurred by his sou . Simon Didier , that caused a protest to be printed beneath the will of the Martyr-King . From that day , ( whether from calculation , conviction , or impulse , we cannot now say , ) Didier ' s part
was chosen . An advocate of monarchy and religion , he was at the head of that constellation of noble and gallant spirits who , amidst the horrors of tbe reign of terror , fought and conspired to save France from the misfortunes into which misrule had plunged her . He also took part in the heroic defence of tbe city of Lyons , and when it surrendered , a price was set onhishead , and he escaped ' under afeignedn & me , to Marseilles , where he joined a confederation , and began that fatal study of plots and counter-plots , political intrigues , correspondence and conspiracies , for which , indeed , he seems to have had a natural genius , but which , nevertheless , cost him his head twenty years afterwards .
Didier returned to Pans about five years afterwards , the interval having been passed partly in Switzerland and Germany , partly in attendance at the wandering court of the Count de Provence . The Directory bad replaced the Convention , and Didier soon found himself connected with many noble families , returned , like himself from exile , and to whom common misfortnce , and similar opinions made bim a welcome guest . It may readily be supposed he was not backward in the plots now formed for restoring the exiled family . He published , in the summer of 1799 , a pamphlet entitled , * The Hope and Prayer oi the French ' —( VEsprit et le Van des Francois)—* direct appeal in favour of the Bourbons . This was followed , in
1802 , by a manifestoheaded , ' On the Return to Religion , ' a production remarkable only for a very flattering dedication to Napoleon . He now continued to unite himself with ihntalivet , Fmche , and others , who were likely to receive proofs of imperial favour , and was soon named one of the professors of a new college founded at Grenoble . From this time to 1814 the name of Paul Didier disappeared from the political world ; but perpetually engaged in forming intrigues , or conceiving projects which were to confer benefits on a gigantic scale on the public , he neglected his private affairs , was involved in debt , and contracted obligations not yet discharged , even for sums of the most trifling description , borrowed from persons in the humblest ranks . We will resume our notice of this extraordinary man next week .
The Labourer, A Monthl Y Migazine Of Pol...
THE LABOURER , A Monthl y Migazine of Polltics , L it e ratur e , Poetry , die . Edited by Feargus O'Connor , M . P ., and Ernest Jones , tsq . August . London : Northern Star Office , 16 , Great Windmill-street , Haymarket . The contents of this number of the Labourer will well repay perusal . A poem , by Ernest Jones , Esq ., a continuation of < The Insurrections of the Working Classes , ' the conclusion of 'The Confessions of a King , ' a continuation of ' The Romance of a People , ' and a second legal article on the iniquitous ' Game Laws , ' comprise the principal contents of this number . In another column we have Riven a soul-stirring extract from the' Romance of a People , ' detailing the events that immediately followed the outburst of the Polish insurection of the 29 th November , 1 S 30 .
SimmoncTs ColonialJSagazine . London : Simmonds and Ward , Foreign and Colonial Office , Bargeyard , Bucklesbury . It is with very great pleasure we notice this useful magazine , which presents monthly a mass of information on many subjects of great importance to all in a commercial country like England . Dissenting , as onr principles compel as to do . from some of the views set forth by those who advocate emigration ) it is but fair to say that the articles on these subjects are written , both with ability and fidelity . There is a letter from 'An Old Australian Colonist , ' on secondary punishment and convict discipline , which contains some truly valuable remarks . We would gladly quote tbe article , did oar limits permit us to do so , but must content ourselves with the following observations on the ' New System' of transportation : —•
At length , came the new system of transportation , one of the features of which was to send all the convicts , formerly divided between the great colony of New South Wales and Van Biemen ' s Land into the latter colony alone . But coupled with this , two * main principles' of action were established , of which Lord Stanley thus spoke in a despatch addressed by his lordship in July , 1 € W , to the late Sir Eardley Wihnot . — First , each convict should undergo a severe preliminary punishment , consisting in great part of a life of seclusion from society at large ; and , secondly , this punishment should be progressively mitigated in such a manner as to afford an invigorating hope of further re . lief , and an animating motive to good conduct , until the
convict should at length be restored to all the privileges of bis fellow . snbjects . All this Is reasonable enough ; tut 'in the practical measures which followed , ' we see the worst features of the eld system only revived with endless aggravation . The evil of mutual contamination was great indeed under the old system ; but it extended chiefly to the convicts condemned to the service of the government . An assigned man , of good disposition , bad some prospect of coming through this stage of punishment an improved character , with settled habits of useful industry . Even the bad were not without a ' chance' of amendment . The assigned servant might , from the time of his landing , never once be subjected to the contamination of a gang .
But the way , in which , under the new system , the severe preliminary punishment , consisting in great part of a life of seclusion from society at large , ' hatbetn con . ducted , has been to throw large , bodies of crlminols , numbering amongst thera the most depravct and harddened , into the " exclusive society of each oth « r . ' The preliminary punishment at Xurfolk Island , and tbe probationary process in Tan Biemen ' s L » nd , have constituted a colleciate course of vice , which all were constrained to go through as , so ' to speak , tho preparation for graduating in virtue . The result has been that a far greater degree of' unjust inequality , ' as regards severity of punishment , has existed , than at any former time ; while , instead of a system conducive to reform , we have had one which affords only a solution of the diabolical problem , how criminals can he made most completely and irrecoverably criminal .
Such is the result of the laws made ostensibly for tbe prevention of crime and the reformation of criminals ! ' Ellerman ' s Reminiscences of the Island of Cuba eoatiuue very amusingly , and 'Sierra Leone' by Shreeve , presents some fearfully true pictures of the horrors of slavery . Tho People ' s Journal . John Bennett , 09 , Fleetetrcefc . The best tale in the present number of tins excellent Journal appears to us to be 'The Bribe and the Bridal , ' which is said to be a true tale of an election from the charming pen of Mary Leman Gillies . It is well worth the price of the whole volume , and ,
indeed would be so did it contain only one sentence which we would grave in letters of brass on the hearts of the people . 'I read , the other day , t h at tbe people deserved no better laws than they submitted to , but when laws are once made they must be submitted — what the people have to do is to mind who they set vp to make laws for them' But this is a sentiment with which tbe people of England are , gradually indeed , but surely , acquiring . Tbey have proved it in the recent contests . They will prove it iR the next , come they whenthey may . Other places , besidts Nottingham , Macclesfield , Lambeth , and the Tower Hamlets , will then prove that the people will mind who is set up to make laws for them .
The Labourer, A Monthl Y Migazine Of Pol...
Theifoajoner . Edited by G . J . Holyoake . Parts 13 , 14 , 15 . London : Watson , Queen ' s Head Passage , Paternoster Row . .. . . That the writers in this publication are clever men , few would be disposed to question , but we must confess we doubt their wisdom when we see them hotly engaged in discussing the systems of dreamers , at the same time ,, leaving almost wholly untouched tbe practical questions ot the hour . We must confess our astonishment that men who assume to be the ' pink' of reformers should have done nothing practical in the late electoral struggle to advance the cause of { real ) * civil and religious liberty . ' The series of lectures J by Madame d'Arusmont , lately announced with so much ' pomp and
circumstance , ' appear to have been brought to a premature , and not very dignified conclusion . That lady who bad nndertaken ; to explain the whole history and mystery of' The Mission et England , ' broke down after the delivery of the fourth ot' tho course . ' Indisposition was the stated cause , which we cannot wonder at , as we perceive that the audiences however select , were by no means numerous . To render her hearers' disappointment less afflicting , Madame d'Arusmont promised to publish the entire course of lectures , delivered or intended to be delivered , in the pages of the Rcasoner , described as 'all but the oly press open to the popular use , and removed from the influence of some one or other political party . ' Infulfilmentofthis announcement one 'lecture' was published in the Reasoner , but instead of a second , an intimation appeared that Madame had withdrawn
her favours from that publication , some one having frightened her from continuing tho connection with Mr Holyoake , on the ground that his paper was heterodox ! Upon this Mr . Holyoake , ( see No ; 57 , ) not unnaturally , but somewhat bitterly for a philosopher , declaims against the mora ) , for , if you will , gentle , reader , the political , ) frailty of tho once priest-andchurch-defying Frances Wright . We beg to . comfort Mr Holvoake by the assurance that the Rtamur will lose nothisg by the withdrawal of Madame d'Arnsnionfs lectures , that is , if we may take the only one / ally reported as a sample of the stock . Its merits may be quickly described , — * words , words , Horatio ! ' In short , Madame d'Arusmont is but the distorted ghost of Frances Wright , and it will be well for the fame of the latter , if the former no more obtrudes herself upon the public .
From almost the only reasonable article in these numbers of the Reasoner we give tbe following extracts : CHEMICAI . AND PHYSIOLOGICAL LAWS OP DIET . BY . JACOB DIXON . Animals differ especially from vegetables in attaining , at a period of their growth , more or less variable in each species , a maximum six ? , beyond which they are not susceptible ef increase . Vegetables , on the contrary , continue to increase in bulk as long as they retain vitality . This difference on the part of animals is due to the fact that all animals waste more or less ; in youth the growth is greater than the watte ; but in all , a period arrives when the waste becomes exactly equal to the growth , and at that time tbey have attained their maximum size . Animals are tben aaid to have attained
their full growth . The chemist , on examining the composition of this waste , finds it to consist of oxygen , hydrogen , carbon , and nitrogen , which may be called emphatically the organic elements , together with calcium , sodium , phosphorus , sulphur , chlorine , and other elements . Now , as the composition of tbe waste of animals is known , tbe supply requisite for replacement in tbe form of food becomes a matter of no difficult calculation . Young animals must get a supply of these elements greater in amount than the quantity they excrete or throw off ; and adults must obtain a quantity at least equbl to that thrown off . Carbon , hydrogen , and oxygen are contained so abundant !} in all articles of food , that there is little fear of a failure of these elements ; but this is not the case with the other dements enumerated .
Succulent roots , such as potatoes , turnips , beets , and Jerusalem artichokes , require to be taken in enormous quantities to give as much nitrogen as is contained in comparatively small weights of the cereal grains , t uch as wheat , barley , oats , maize , or of the leguminous seeds , such as peas , and beans ; while , on the contrary , they contain a much larger proportion of lime . Peas contain a much smaller , and wheat a much larger proportion of phosphoric acid than tbe succulent roots and leaves . The knowledge of the quantity of nitrogen is not therefore enough in discriminating all the other requisite elements of food . Saussure has indeed shown that no sulphur is contained in many of the cereal grains .
Now the animal body is a consistent whole ; it is necessary , for the maintenance of health , that all the parts should be equally nourished . It will not do to feed the muscles alone , or the bones alone , or the secretive organs alone . Bach part must receive a suitable and compensating supply in proportion to its waste . In proportion as this is not done , debility , emaciation , or death , is tbe inevitable result . If nitrogen be required for the muscles and cellular tissue , phosphate of lime is equally so for tha bones , and sulphur and sodium for the tile . The whole of the nitrogen an animal acquires , it acquires from food ; hut if that food does not also contain a sufficiency of lime , diarrlisa aud weakness of the bones ensue . Many disorders of the system arise from deficiency of sulphur in tbe food , and the consequent
non-secretion of bile , into which production it enters . The obvious remedy to prevent these effects is to alternate and combine different kinds of food ; to supply tbe deficiency of particular elements in one kmd by the excess of them in another . Thus , by mixing wheat , peas , and turnips , for instance , we supply , what is deficient in the peas of phosphoric acid , by its excess in tbe wlisst , and we makeup what Is absent in them-of sulphur and lime by the excessive quantity of these contained in the turnips . Thus , in flesh , in grain , and in the leguminous seeds , we have an abundant source of nitrogen ; but the succulent roots and leaves , although of little worth for the nitrogen they contain , areof great value for yielding lime , sulphur , and phosphoric acid . According to tbo analysis of flesh by Berzeluis and Sraconnot , not more
than twenty parts in the hundred are nitrogenous , or can be considered as nutrative ; and of these nitrogenouscoinpounds , butlittle more thanasixth is pure nitrogen . If wo , therefore , take one hundred pounds of meat , and subtract one-third for the hones , then subtract from the re msiniug sixty-six four-fifths for non-nitrogenous and innutritious materials , and divide by six , we get a quotient equal to two and a fraction per cent , of nitrogen as the quantity ofit contained in mt at . Now , -the ceresl grains contain generally more than two percent , of nitrogen , and the leguminous seeds from four to £ ve per cent , It follons that butchers' m-at is not intrinsically more nutritious than wheat or maize , and only half as much as peas or beans , its advantage being chiefly in its being more easily digested and assimilated . It is , besides , tbo
finest tonic stimulant te the nervous system . From all that hat been said we must conclude that in order to sus . tain healthy animal life , itis necessary to combine the several essential ingredients in articles of food , so as to giveto the animal a due proportion of the several elements necessary for his different organs and secietfens : Soups , and other diluted foods , sre of value only in proportion to the solid articles of real nutriment contained in them , Every reader must have heard of the experiment of starving a dog upon btef tea . The distribution of soup to the poor is quite a favourite project among the benevolent , with , more or less , the same result as that of the ezpiriment upon the poor dog . This is the result
of the miserable conjunction of charity with cheapness And now , does the reader ask for . clear , positive , absolute roles of diet ? Tbe reader ' s own observation , sensation , reflection , and experience will furnish the best answer , and constitute the b ? st guide in this matter . The diet that would be healthful for bim hero in the temperate latitude and insular position of England , would not be healthful for bim at the poles any more than it would be in the tropics . To whatever port of the world the reader might go , he would find rules of diet not absolute , bat simply relstire to the climate And other conditions dependent upon climate , such as productions of the soil , habits of tbe natives , & c .
All organisations , vegetable as well as animal , being composed but of few elements , and all being reciprocally interconvertible , it might be a priori supposed that all organised substances would form equally good food to any one other organised substance ; but it is proved o posteriori , by exptrience , that such is not the fact . I was once recommending " a disciple of the late Mr Greaves , who had a child suffering from scrofulous disease , to let tbe child ' s principal food be meat , when he said , 'but wheaten bread contains the same elements r" to this I replied , ' Yes , and ^ common air , and tho nitrous acid gas , both consist of the same elements ; but the difference in the proportions of the elements of these compounds makes a difflrencs of life and death in the breathing of them . That particular form in which the elements are presented in meat is the form of food which , in this island , is indispensably required for tho prevention and cure of this particular form of disease . '
To maintain an active individual In health and activity , in ( his ' climate , and with tho constitutions inherited by ua from our progenitors , he should have a mixed food , consisting of meat , bread , and ordinary culinary vegetables , and with no other weight or measure , than the feeling of appetite , comfortable satisfoction , and cheerful refresh . ment . If this feeling of comfort and cheerfulness continues after the food has biscn taken , then the right quantity , as well as quality , has been taken . Surely the collective instincts and experience of millions forages are sufficient guides for aiding us to rules of conduct in the affair of eating and drinking ; surely we want no new lights , no fanciful theories of total abstinence from flesh meat , no total abstinence from fermented driuk . Your totallsts , of any description , are totally absurd . Total abstinence is as ridiculous as total indul gence of any description would be .
Caldwell's Musical Journal. We Have Sinc...
Caldwell ' s Musical Journal . We have sincere pleasure in recommending this elegant and very cheap publication to the attention of our inudeal friends . The songs which the present numbe ** contains are selected with good taste , and more carefully arranged than is generally the case with low priced music . May all success attend the publisher who thus places within the reach of his poorer brethren the means of indulging in a harmonisi ng and elevating amusement .
Nkwion Annoxr-A Pauper, Byname Richard G...
Nkwion Annoxr-A pauper , byname Richard Guadger , was lately remeved Irom the Taunton Unien , to that of Newton Abbott , and had uot bean long in the latter place before he throw himself out of the window , and died in a few ^ hours ; after . A » inquest was held on tho body , and from the [ evidence , the jury came to the following verdict- That the deceased destroyed himself while » a fit of temporary insanitv , brought on by close confinement , and separation from Ilia wife , ' He was 62 , and his wife 72 years of age . Tbe poor man waa a mason u J trade , and for twelve months was unable to work from illness , during which time he parted with every vestige of furniture , before he a & jmtted to go into thebastile . a > . » ,- * ,.. - . «* . ¦^' — - a- — -
Ludiic Insitriietoc.
luDIic Insitriietoc .
The Polish Insurrection Of 1830. Front T...
THE POLISH INSURRECTION OF 1830 . Front the Romance of a People , now publishing in The Labourer . A grand pageant closed the first day of liberty— -the procession of tbe council to the bank , w h e re Prin c e Lubeck thought it would be more out of tho reach of popular clamour . The Hne of senators , and tha thronging masses , extended over a space of two miles , proceeding slowly on account of the great ago of the venerable Niemcewicz , the bard of Poland . When the peoplesaw their national poetthus advancing beneath the banner of liberty , thoy rent tho air with acclamaturns ; 'all must succeed since Niemcewicz is there !' and indeed all now appeared to prosper ; the gallant general Slerawski joined thopatriots in the even , ing , and was appointed military governor of Warsaw 0 flte ° ' ! h , . 5 eM of Poknd ' " ¦*«* . ^ d in the night , Chlopicki himself espoused the cause of
nationality . That night , when triumphant joy satthronod in War . sawi a stern and gloomy man might be seen resting be neath the leafless trees and the : inclement sky , before the barrier ofMockotow , and with him one , long used to luxury , one young and fair ; it was the Grand Duke Constantino and his consort , the Princess Lowiczka . After an interval of anxious suspense , Colonel Zamojski appeared ' before the prince , stating that tho people and the army believed the Grand Duke was forcibly detaining the Polish Chasseurs who had acebm . paniedbim , and urged their immediate dismissal to rejoin their comrades . Constantino hesitated ; he feared implicating himself with his brother , but a mighty 8 ound came booming down the road ; it was the advancing populace . ' You have but a moment to decide in , ' said Zamoyski , 'beyond that I cannot answer for your life . ' Constantino ' wrote the order .
'Bememberi ' said the Princess , 'his imperial high , nesspermits , but does not authorise tbeir departure . ' While the Chasseurs were marching to meet their approaching countrymen , Constnntine and the remnant of his Russians were flying to the frontier . Memorable was tbe meeting between the returning soldiers und their comrades in arms . The former hung their heads with shame , to think they should have sided with tbe enemy—but one loud acclaim rent the air as they fell into the line of the procession , and tumultuous cheers welcomed their return to liberty . That morning Warsaw was a festal place , All its youth , beauty , and valour graced the streets , balconies , and windows—old age poured its blessings on the conquering heroes . " ¦ ' : •' . ' ¦ ' - : ¦ " .. ¦ "
The fifth of December beheld tbe revolution eata . Wished , by Chlopicki seizing the reins of power , and becoming irresponsible dictator ; while the provisional government had been self , instituted by prince Czartoryski , the Castellan Kochanowski , General Pac , Niemcewicz , the hard , Lelewell the teacher , and the deputies DombrOwski and Ostrowski , " A general summons to arms was addressed to the nation ; all disbanded officers and men were called into active service ; and proclamations issued to the Palatine Councils , directing them to meet the Diet on the eighteenth of December , Thus , the last decisive step was taken , from which there could be no return . Constantine , with the imperial troops , was permitted to retire unmolested from Poland—a great and generous , though an impolitic act . . But , iu that hour , the nation was too happy to punish its enemies , and felt too great to avenge its wrongs .
The fortresses of Zamoac and Modlin capitulatad , and Poland , for the time , was free . While Poland was doing this for European liberty , what did Europe for Poland ! True it treated : the Polish envoy with distinction . Many may yet remember a Polish nobleman who visited London shortly after the outbreak of the insurrection , and excited great attention on account of . the tyranny of which he had been made the victim . He was received with distinction by tbe aristocracy , and though he found it difficult to gain access to men in office , yet the warm m-nncr in which he was welcomed by society in general , and the spirited tones assumed by the English press in behalf of his outraged country , seemed to hold fair promise of support from England .
Tbe cause ef those exiles , implicated in the conspiracy of Lukasinski , or other equally hapless attempts , and who had ( led from tho fate that was denounced or dreaded , was espoused with warmth ; committees were formed , subscriptions raised , and lofty names were advertised in the papers , as bestowing donatives towards the Polish fund " although what became of the fund itself was never exactly understood ) ; balls were given in behalf of the suffering exiles { although , most of the proceeds were spent in the arrangements of the festival ); figurantees , cojphees , and premieres danseuses danced the Cracovienne and the Mazurka at his Majesty ' s Theatre ; from Sadler ' * Wells to Surrey , tho playbills teemed with Polish names , and tho audiences applauded —TOnd « s efc jamb !
It is true the government sever gave , an open support , but then they . could not -commit themselves!—tbey could not fly in the face of great , allied , and powerful sovereigns , who had been in the habit of visiting St James's , feasting'Off banquets at Windsor castle , and turtle dinners at the Mansion-house 1 It is rrne , minis , ters never propounded anything distinctly : never mado any pledge or promise ; never said , tho treatment to Po . land is an outrage to humanity and un insult to en . lightened governments : never said , we emancipate tbe olack elave , and therefore tho white one shall be free : we interfere in theinternaltpoliey of week states , therefore we will interfere in that of the strong!—nothing of the kind . But they didsay ., ' ( in 6 ecret , towever , ) if we bestir ourselves forPoiandi then Russia may cry * Ireland 1 ' to ourteeth ; and as we' & aw tyrannised , anddo tyrannise , and intend still further to tyrannise over the latter country , we had best not say a woi-d about tits former .
• Notwithstanding , they did much . ; even Royalty went to see the 'Polish outlet j'Cablnefcmioisters dined atPoIish dinners at the Mansion-house , and the fair lady of a high dignitary of tbo state was the first to introduce a Polish pelisse , from the ashes of which phceaix rose the present polka . What more ceuld be expected from a government whoso Sects swept the seas from the Hoangho to the Hudson , and whose armies have kid the Imperial guard of -France beneath her bayonetsl But they actually did even more than this ! A
secretary of state teld an Under-Secretary , who told a private secretary to tell a secretary of a 3 Polish Association , to inform the'Polish envoyythat if-Poland reall y rose , and if it maintained a suitable policy , and formed a suitable government , 'the English people wculd , in that case act towards Poland in a suitable manner ; the meaning of which was , that if Poland rose and beat -the Russian armies , and took the Russian fortresses , and . established itself as a free and powerful kingdom—then England would transfer its relations of amity from tbe fallen Russia to the triumphant Poland .
Juttice must , howeveiybe done to the great elements of British nationality—at that time , but subordinatetho press , and thejwpfc . They spoke the language of honour and honesty , but . the people have been , trampled by monopoly , and the press has turned the venal instrument of corruption . In the meantime the Russian ambassador made some stringent observations , and > even delivered a noto from his government , Accordingly , hints were dropped from certain . Quarters to certain editors , that it would be advisable for them to use mors moderate language ^ their leading articles , lect they should complicate the relations of tbo country , and certain inducements , too , were offered . Non-interference prevailed , and tho relations of thecountry . remained ' . uncomplicated . ' This noble effort of sound aud lofty statesmanship is still the glory of the party irom whoso ranks it emanated .
Tho Puritans , however , far © utdid us . They ran into an cntliutLiam of valour I The student" of the Ecole Polytecbaique talked of marching from Paria through Germany , Prussia , and Poland to Warsaw , without oven asking the leave of the armies , of the confederation , Vienna or Berlin ! The theatres—they were like so many bits of Poland ! The Boulevards—they were Cracow itself l—Kosciuelso handkerchiefs and Sobieski robes , cakes , loaves , and piilcs a Ja polOEsiaise , shouts , balls , processions , dances and gensd'armec , discussions in the chambers , that never came to a result , and proud inscriptions over cabarets that— ' France decrees tho liberty of Poland , ' with omission of the latter half of the sentence ; but docs nothing to enforce it —spoke volumes for the chivalry of that tremendous nation !
And then thoir leading men 1 ( French salesmen are not more punctilious about their promises than ours)—tbey actually did promise —( not those in office , but those who expected to be)—that Franco would sympathise , all France would sympathise with the'Franco of the North ' , '—let the Poles but rise ; the Gallic eagle had been there before—it knew the road , could find its way again . ' Meanwhile addresses from tbo French to the Polish nation- were multiplied by the press , and Russia must have trembled at these— words and paper I Such is the courage—such is iho honesty—such is the manliness of butterfly courts and counting-house governments .
The Yankee Pem,Mi .— * See Here , Mister...
The Yankee Pem , mi . — * See here , Mister , don t you want tew buy semething in my line tew-day ? I ' ve got a new mnchino for picking bones out of fishes . Now , I tell you it ' s a / lectio the cleverest thing yew ever did see . All yew haw to dew , is to set it on a table and turn a crank , and tbe fish flies downpour throat , and tho bonesright offtheotber way . Well , there was a country ' greenhorn' got hold of it the other day , and begot turning the crank tho wrong way and I tell you the way the bones flew down that ar feller ' s throat could ' ntbe beat : why , it stuck that feller so full of bones , that he couldn't get his shirt off for a hull week . ! - ~ iV « tf York Okie . The Age of Miracles . —The news contained in tho London morning papers of Tuesday , travels to Mnburgh on the same day , and returns to Newcastle , in the Scotsman , by Wednesday afternoon !—Gateshead Ohstrver .
The late King of Denmark is said to have ordered horseflesh to bo served at bis own table , in the hope that his example might help to overcome the prejudice which is pntfytfli . iied . against il as an article of human food . j , ., ;„„_ .. ..
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To Tub Editob Op The Nobtbibn Bias. Ston...
TO TUB EDITOB OP THE NOBTBIBN BIAS . Stoncy Stratford , August lllh . Deae Sib , —I am glad to perceive that at tb * present moment there seems to bo n disposition on tbe part »/ the Chartist body , to merge their little differences in the great and paramount question of democratic reform . This is as it thould be ; we may be seeking the Charter through different , mennsj but the mischief of it is , that in so doing , wc are too apt to encourage that feeling of jealousy which blinds our judgments and is destructive
of the best interests of our cause . 1 will , howover , venture to ssy , that but few men look otherwise than with satisfaction and d-Hght on tho return of Mr O'Connor for Nottingham . . All honour to the brave men of that town , for having set an example so worthy of Imitation . Wo must not however stop here , let us therefore at onco to tho work , let us have no more wotds without deeds . We must instantly begin to make preparations for . another , and a more vigorous assault on the citadel of corruption ; I would make a suggestion , which , if acted upon will reflect lasting credit on the Chartist body .
We all remember the great petition signed by 3 , 300 , 000 persons ; suppose there are only 800 , 000 of that number will subscribe Is . each towards an Election Fund , the same to be puid , ( if the subscribers think fit ) by instalments of Id . per month . This will amount in the course of twelvemonths to £ 15 , 000 , the same to be placed iu the . bands of the Central Election and Registration Committee , . I am not much acquainted with the expenses of taking candidates to tbe poll , but I will take it to be on the average £ 100 ; this will enable the Chartists to take to the poll 150 advocates of their rights . Now this may be so easily done , that I think there can be but
little objection to it on the ground of oxponso . Think of tbe effect tbe taking to tbe poll but a few men of the right stamp has produced on the electors ; judge then of tho effect which would be produced if 150 of the same wero brought to the contest . Lit this or a moro efficient system be adopted i Stoney Stratford will , I know , doits part , and It may bo adopted , without injuring in the slightest degree the glorien ; movement for the Land . Onward , Chartists , onward , in the glorious struggle , for liberty and victory is youis . I remain , Mr Editor , in the giant cause of democracy , R . 6 , Gamsucs ,
[ We are glad to leara that Mr Gammage has at length began to sec the sound policy of * deeds not words . For a long time past Mr Oammage and his friends hare been acting opon the opposite policy , and have done , if not much , at least all they could do to thwart the progress of the men of ' deeds . ' We can rightly appreciate tbe generous nature of Mr O'Connor , which has so often prompted him to extend ' the hand of fellowship to seceders and factionists , nevertheless , we must be permitted to say , that before we would consent to shake bands with some of the parties named in Mr O'Connor's letter in the Star of tho 7 th of August , we should wish to see a course of action directly the opposite to that hitherto pursued by O'Brien and Co ., for at least as long a time as they have been factious and mischievous . Then—having gone through that necessary probation—we would say , Ut bygones be bygones .. In the meantime , net being quite so warm as Mr O'Connor is , we say * Once bit , twice shy . '—Ed . W . S . ]
Class Legislation And Its Effects; , . ....
CLASS LEGISLATION AND ITS EFFECTS ; , . . - TO THE EBITOS OF TBE KOBTHEBN STAB , Eneux to Class I / eqisiiAIion , — Suffer , me through the medium of your Journal , to ask tbe public to IOOK UFON THIS PICTDBE , AND ON TBlS ! For the proposed remo-- For purchasing the house vol of houses ( or iuhabi- in which was born one of tantV ) at Windsor more ont the greatest poets England of' the whiff and wind of or the world ever had , via royalty , " and for otherwise Immortal Shakespeare!—' improving' tho Windsor 000 ( or Nothing !) Estate , £ 250 , 000 ! ¦
. . For erecting New Houses . . For erecting a new oi Parliament , for class Bridge at Westminster , aflegislators to pass class le- tcr all but demolishing the gislationiaffs in , and vote old one , —No Thousands ! away the money , of the nothing but 000 ( or Nopeople for purposes to which thing !) ; , ¦ . ' . the people are generally opposed , Many Thousands ! ' For enlarging Bucking- Ferjextending Primrose bam Palace , because a Hill Favk , because thirty building as large as the acres—its present extent-British Museum was not is anything but sufficient to large enough for a ' single rccreote a Primrose Hill couple ' with a small family , crowd on —000 ( or No . £ 50 , 009 . thing !)
Such aro the effects of class legislation ; or ratfser , such are some specimens of the same . A Parliament which really represented the people , whilst it would not neglect royalty , or the state , in anything which it was necessary for either royalty or the state to have , would not neglect tbe bouse of a Shakespeare ! the bridge of millions ! or expect that thousands could convenient !) recreate themselves on thirty acres ! no , it would not be a shabby government ! Government has declared itsi-lf quite willing to ' take care of ' both tbe hou ? e of Shakespeare and the additions to Primrose Hill Park , if the people will purchase them , Of course , such' cue' would afford snug sinecures for tax . eaters ; but if there is aught of British manliness left in British hearts , I trust that every Briton will resent such insult by declaring , at least , that the government which would not save tho house of Shakespeare is not worthy of its care ! Yours , against class legislation , HBNBr DOWEII , GfittFITHS , Marylebone , August 18 , 1 S 47 .
The Land Company. To Tbe Rw-Ror Of Ide K...
THE LAND COMPANY . TO TBE rW-roR OF IDE KOHTHEKX STAB . Deae Sib- —Having watched with intense interest the Rise and Progress ' of tho co-operative Land Company , and the disinterested cxertions-of that friend to mankind , Feah & ps O'Conkob , to whom the working classes of this country are so much indebted , that I amouly astoni * heu that his very excellent Land Plan has net been adopted before . Now , so positive am I of his good intentions , that I would volunteer to become bis bondsman , ' if he was in want of one , to the amount of thousands . I havo this day taken out a four-aore share , merely to help one of my people on to the land . But allow mc to ask , why
are not meetings called , and petitions got up and forwarded to T . S . iBuncombc , Esq . , praying that the Land PJan may be extended through the country , and that Feargus O'Connor , Esq ,, M , T . bo oppointed her Mojesty ' s Commissioner of the . British Co . operative Laid Company , authorised by Act pfl ' arliamont for the purpose of establishing these villages in all parts of the country , for I never saw anything so well calculated to diminish the poor rates ! Anyman of common sense con see that nature designed that all creation should live by tho produce of the soil . The prayers of millions will ascend to heaven for long life and prosperity to all such as Feargus O'Connor . I am sir , your obedient servant , Liverpool , Aug , 9 , 1847 . 3 , s . P .
The Landplan
THE LANDPLAN
TO THE EB 1 TOB OF THE HOBTHEBN STAR . Sib , —I most heartily congratulate you upon tho rapid advance . of the Land Plan . I have been long an advocate of the Land question from my being moro or less connected with tho Socialists , since 1823 , in Edinburgh , Glasgow and London , where several attempts atpractica ) illustration , I am sorry to say , have uniformly proved abortive ; uotwltnstnnding the thousands of pounds expended , oil gone ! without securing on a solid basis , a single home for a single individual—not even a Icenncl to tbo poorest dog . I however rejoice to find that many of tho friends to social advancement have rallied round thcChurtist Land standard in thenoble cause of political as well as social progress . For several months past I have been favoured with the Star through ti friend , which I r « . post to one person or other in tho country . From one . correspondent , fa Scotland , whoso letter bears date July Win , I extract the following paragraphs , to show
how tbe plan is appreciated in the remote corner of Snirn t ' I , ' says the writer , ' approve of Mr O'Connor ' s Land Plan . It is a much surer way to benefit the people than Kr Owen ' s . The free traders had beguu to act upon it in a modified form , but they abandoned it as soon as they had attained their object . The tendency of legislation , however , has been lately , and in the next parliament will be , popular . But tho law of entail will not for some time admit of such a subdivison of the highlands as would suit your views . Besides , the nativts subsisting mostly on charity , arc in no coudition to ' accept of the sounding title of laird . The forty shillings franchise on which the Land Plan is founded was never trusted to the Scotch , The Irish had it , but bartered it for Emancipation . ' I have been much gratified in reading your poetical columns—there the genuine spirit of poesy is doing its work in freedom's cause . Wishing you , and nil embodied in the cause of man ' s redemption the greatest success .
I am respectfully yours , W , Cameron . Hounslow , August 2 nd , 1817 .
The Land And Labour Bank . To Feargus O'...
THE LAND AND LABOUR BANK . TO FEARGUS o ' CONNOB , ESQ . Respected Sir , —lhave great pleasure iu informing you that tbe minutes of our last meeting , authorising the trustees to withdraw the money of tbo Manchester 4 tb branch of tho Journeymen Steam EnginDMachineMakors ' and Millwrights' Friendly Society , from Sir Benjamin Haywood ' s bank , and the placing of tho same in the Laud and Labour Bank , was confirmed by an unanimous vote at a summoned meeting of our branch , on Saturday the 14 th . You will also find enclosed a copy of our rules , with the names of our trustees in the second page , signed by themselves , which you will bo so kind as keep for the
pnrpose of comparing signatures , when the withdrawal of auy of tho money may bo required . ¦ I am also requested to draw your attention to the ninth rule , which relates to our banking of mocey as n branch , and to request that you will acknowledge tho receipt of this letter and rules ; and send us the best method of transmitting tho money ;( six hundred and twenty pounds ) to you with the least expense , as our object is to show to society at large , the superiority of the Laud ond Labour Bank oror the present , and thereby set an example worth foJ . lowing by the rest of the trade , for I feel couflientthat when once sot . goisg , it will . bs speedily followed by other branches of the same trade , Jndetd , it is already going
The Land And Labour Bank . To Feargus O'...
< . -i t . • on in another branch in Manchester ; and I think , tfr , after you may have read this to your , C 9 nf « rence , now as . sembled , that tome of th « m will strike while th
A Voice From America. To Tub Editoe Of I...
A VOICE FROM AMERICA . TO TUB EDITOE OF IDE NOBTIIERJ ? STAB . Sir , —You will much oblige the members of this branch , by inserting in next Saturday ' s Star , tbe follow * in » - letter , receir d from one of Mr O'Connor ' s old guards , now resident in the United States , We are yours very respectfully , . The Mbmbebs of No . 1 Bbakcii of T . S 8 tfATioNAi Land Company . LBiccster , Au n ? tl 6 , 1847 . TO P . O ' CONNOR , XPQ . Sib , ^ i 1 have three singls grains of barley in mj garden , One will produce 70 heads ,, another 45 , nnd tho other 42 . I am thinking of sending it to you for your
cottagers ; r . ni from this single grain yon will be able to raise enough for nil your new freemen in one year , I think I could produce 150 bushels from one aero in ona year . If you think it will be any benefit to you in furtherance .. of jour obj-et , I will thankfully send ir , and a letter with , it , to give you an idea h' 6 w to plant it , as I understand farming thoroughly . . You may havo this sort of barley iu England j if you have , and do not know its power of productien , I shall have obtained one object in making it known to you . If Mr O'Connor thinks well to receive a letter from mo , 1 will give him my opinion upon wb » at , barley , and oats . . I am , Sir , yours very respectfully , Jonathan Bcnnt . Norman-row , Alleghany City , July 11 th , 1847 .
Wariute&
Wariute &
A Woman Recently Died In This Town, Whos...
A woman recently died in this town , whose weight was upwards of three hundred pounds . Her coffin measured tbirty-two inches in width , was so large that the corpse had to be taken out ot tha house to be placed in it , neither the doors nci windows being wide enough to admit it , — Quinty * Mass , Patriot . Mr William Reed , of Carlton , Orleans county , New York , born in Curarnihgton , Hampshire county , Massachiiasetts , was the seventh child of his parents , and born the seventh day bi' the week , the setsntb day of June , in tbe year 1777 , and was seventy years old on the seventh day of June , lSif . Nairn Mirror mentions that a labourer lately found on the beach a large codfish , which had unsuccessfully attempted to swallow a grilso' weighing more than eight pounds , and had been choked by its prey . ...
A Mexican vessel , arrived at Dartsmoutb , has brought sundry pretty presents from her Majesty , amongst which aro a monkey , a ma-cow , an anteater , a lizard , and an alligator ! Several hundred acres of land in the neighbouphoou of Aberdeen have been sown with flax , as an experiment , with a -view to introduce the culture ol ' the plant into Scotland , if it should thrive and yield a good crop . Several flax spinners and manufactureys have interested themselves in this trial , and one of them has sown a field of sixty acres with flax , which promises an early and abuniant harvest . The Jews residing at Constance are to be admitted to all tbe rights of citizenship . The fares on the Eastern Counties Railway wore raised last week nearly 25 per cent ,
AH paragraphs in newspapers referring to adrertiseraents are now subject to the . usual advertising duty . A few days since , the excavators employed on tbe Monmouth and Hereford Railway , near Cacrleon , found a stone coffin containing a skeleton and a small glass bottle , which seems to have been made at a very remote period . Mr Henry Ra ' ph , a yeoman of Bayher , near Sturmihster , whilst swimming in the ¦ stream near his farm , on Sunday morning week , was drowned by the extra care of his own dog , which kept leaping upon him in the water , until ho sank to rise no more . The editor of an American paper , the * Charleston Evening News , ' says that he has in his possession a gold ring , which was found in a large black fish , while it was being prepared for the table . Upon ik are cut { wo doves , in the act of ' hilling and cooing , ' and also the words , ' For ever constant . '
A schoolmaster in Ohio advertises that he will keep a Sunday school twice a week—Tuesdays and Saturdays . A Copenhagen newspaper , called the Kjocbenhavns Poftcn , was seized on the 5 th inst , because it contained some observations on the recent trial before the Chamber of Peers of France , which were thought calculated togivoeffencetothe French government and people , A portion of one of the streets in Fayetteville , North Carolina , is paved with resin ; and a . correspondent of the Boston Post says , that he has ridden & horse and driven a carriage over this novel pavement , which makes an excellent road .
The Russians aresaid to have discovered coainunea in the Caucasus , near a village called Oriongour , and it is expected that this discovery will facilitate their conquest of the country , as they have hitherto suffered a great want of fuel for their steamers on the Circassian coast . InsemedistrictsflfSema . itiscustomary . uponthe death of one of two brothers whose birthdaya . fall in the same month , to fasten tho survivor to the dead body , until he adopts , in his deceased brother's stead , a stranger , by whom he is released . During a thunder storm which visisted Norwich on Monday week , a tanner , who was employed in adjusting the sails of a bark mill , at Heiglmm , near that city , was struck by the lightning , and
remained insensible for several hours , but ultimately recovered . A boy three years old , who is being exhibited in London , has the upper part of his person entirely covered with flexible hair , two inches in length , and shaded as the most beautiful colours of the rainbow ; while the lower pnrt of his body has tho appearance of variegated spots , and the toes are grown together on each foot . Much interest was lately excited in the United States , by an Announcement that plates of mica , covered with hieroglyphics of different colours , had been found in ono of the ancient Indian mounds which had been excavated ; but upon further investigation , it was discovered that the supposed hieroglyphics were only natural discolorafionsofthe
, _ Tho Gazette Musicalc of Paris says , that an American theatre , the first which has ever been established , has been opened at Constantinople . The pl » ys performed aro stated to be pantomimes , of which the subjects aro taken from the histories of Napoleon , Alexander the Great , the kings of Armenia , Noah , Abraham , Jacob , and the patriarchs . A Carlisle paper mentions that an apple-tree in full bloom is now growing in a garden at Little Broughton , A meeting of tho architects of Germany will be hold at Mentz , from the 26 th to the 29 th in « tant The 'John O'Groat Journal' says that a codfish weighing oxty-tbree pounds was lately caugafc off Wick . # Tom Thumb is said to be building a splendid mansion in Connecticut , with the view of retiring from public life .
A proposal has been mado to establish a general museum of scripture in London , on the model of that in Parts . The assistant turnkey of the Carmarthenshire ' gaol has been committed for trial , on a charge of having aided a prisoner named Evans , who was accused of horse stealing , to make his escape from that prison . A meeting has been held in New York , to consider the propriety of adopting some measures to honour the memory of Stephene V & yc , the first printer in the United States . A short time since , a seaman , while bathing , was devoured by a shark in tho harbour of Corfu , where a fish of that kind had never before been
seen . The harvest of wheat , barley , and oats , in tbe north of Spam , has been very abundant , but the crops of maize aresaid to have suffered severeh' from bliaht . Some peas which had been found in an aneient Egyptian tomb , havo been sown , and are said to have yielded a very largo increase . The second steam-ship of the American line to boutbampton and Bremen , the Lafayette , was to have been launched on Tuesday last . " _ The Saxon government has recalled the prohibition to distil spirits from corn and potatoes , which had been temporarily established during the late dearth . During the last year , there were issued in the United Kingdom , 3 , 515 , 097 post-office money orders , tho amount of which came to £ 7 , 071 , 056 .
The German papers mention that a dreadful fire broke out on the 3 rd inst ., at OberviecJitach , in the Upper Palatinate , and destroyed fifty of the principal houses ; but happily no lives were lost . A cargo of roofing tiles , the first ever imported into England , arrived in London , from Antwerp , during the last week ; and a nor * trade seems likely to arise , as several other cargoes are said to have been A French surgeon states that , by fitting bedsteads with glass feet , and isolating them about eighteen the wall of the
inches from apartment , he has cured the patients sleeping on them of a host of nervous affections . The Pope hasprcBentcd a gold ' raedal to Mr TVaghorn , as a mark of approval of his efforts to promote international intercourse . It is said that this is the first medal which has ever been conferred upon aprotestantbyapope . ' The number of visitors . at Whitby has greatly increased during the present watering season , and a contract has been ! mado'for the erection of a large hotel , amUrom thirty to . fwty lodging bouses .
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), Aug. 21, 1847, page 3, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns2_21081847/page/3/
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