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Northern Star (1837-1852), 23rd August 1851, Edition 2 of 2, Page 2

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      2 THE NORTHERN STAR . ^** S 3 jj ^ IN SEVK IiAiV

      Dfoveign Knteliwnte

      dfoveign knteliwnte

      France. The Committee Of Permanence Of T...

      FRANCE . The committee of permanence of the democratic P eft is finally composed as follows : —XI . Cren . ieux , oresident ; MM . Victor Hugo and Joly , vice-presidents ; MM . Cassal Raspail and Allot , secretaries -, nd MM . Aubry ( Sord , ) Bandsept , Breymand , Bruckner , Burgard , Garnet , Chovelon , Deraley , Ennety , Fartl , Gerard ( Bas-Rbin , ) Emile de Girardin , Gulter , Labrousse , Lagrange , Lamenuais , Loiset , Michot-Boutet , Auguste Mie , Perrinonj EdgarQuinet , Kantian , Savoye , Valentin , members . The committee will meet every Friday , and oftener in case of emergency .

      The ' Univers , ' the leading journal of Jesuitism and of divine right , has made up its mind to a bolder course with respect to Mr . Gladstone than the mass of King Ferdinand ' s admirers have been able to screw their courage to . It asserts roundly , and undertakes to prove hereafter , that ' not a single fact in Mr- Gladstone ' s two letters will hear exarnina ; ion . ' Meanwhile it maintains that Ferdinand is the « worth est' and 'best of kings . ' The President of the Republic has dissolved the council of arrondissement of Limoges , for having in their sitting of the 5 th August expressed a wish that the constitution might in future be carried into < o . ll effect , and that tbe laws contrary to the con-.-itution , particularly the laws respecting public meetings and the laws upon the liberty of the press , might be repealed or mod fiel .

      A new democratic committee , consisting of MM . Lamennais , Joly , Mathieu ( de la Dron * -, ) V . Schoelchtr , Baune , Brlholon , Las eprif , and Michel ( de B -urges ) have published a manifesto of immense leng : b . Theycall themselves the'French-Spankh-ltalian Democratic Committee cf Paris . ' They sign , ' Representatives of the People , Members of the Mountain . ' This committee explains the reasons ' or its forma ' -ion . The manifesto contains a long disquisition upon religion , evidently fiom . the pen of M . Lamennais , who , by the way , was elected a member of the Mountain

      committee of permanence , but declined to serve on the alleged ground that he could not remain in Paris . M . Siboiir , the Archbishop of Parjs , is under he ban of tbe ultramontane church , on account of his liberal opinions . The Pope's Nuncio lately gave a grand dinner , studiously emitting to invite the archbishop . Cardinal Franzoni , of Turin , decHced to call upon him , and many of itie aristocratic inhabitants of the Faubourg St . Germain have withdrawn the charitable contributions which were accustomed to pass through bis bands .

      The Prefect of the Haute-Mame has suspended lie Mayor of Bonnecourt , for declining to post up the speech of the President at Poitiers in his district . His assistant , who was ordered by the prefect to perform the mayor ' s duties , has refused to undertake them . The major alleges that the order k > post the speech was not an official one to which he was legally hound to attend , and he felt justified in not obeying it at the expense of the inhabitants of his commune .

      THE TEIALS AT LYONS . The proceedings , subsequent to the point where our report left off last week , have been comparatively uninteresting . The accused have been examined , and the result of the examination is , that they deny bavi .-ig been guilty of the acts alleged against litem in the indictment . On Friday last , alter the cuurt had assembled , one of the accused Doln , furniture dealtr , said he had known Gent before he was arrested , though he had previously denied that . It was he who had ordered the dinner at Macon . Nothing blameable had been said at dinner . No one had proposed to send away tbe servants .

      The Public Prosecutor asked the accused if he had not said in his interrogatory that one of the principal guests had risen imd said that the result of the conference was the propriety of tbe repeal of the law of May 31 ? The accused was about to reply , when M . Michel ( de Bourges ) rose and said . —Does the Public Prosecutor mean to maintain that representatives ef ihe people were at the dinner at Macon ? The Public Prosecutor . —1 shall see what I have

      to say when I shall present my requisitory ? ( Sensation ) . M . Michel ( de Bourges ) . —I must remark tivat that will be rather late . When the trial is nearly over to come and say— There -was a congress at Macon—this or that was done—and we accuse tbe representatives who were present , ' WOVut i U 2 , 1 declare , to despise the usual forms of criminal justice . The Presidest . —I will not put the quejtion , for the representatives are not in case .

      M . Michel ( de Bcu-ges ) . —Thank God ! you have not the power to judge us , gentlemen , and I congra tulate you and ourselves also . The President . —Advocate , your language is disrespectful to the Court . We have only to judge the accused at the bar ; and I am astonished at hearing such words as yours , after the deference and kindness which I have not ceased to show tbe advocates for the defence . ( Marks of assent . ) M . Michel ( de Bourges . )—God forbid , Mr . President , that I should disregard your authority , or forget the gratitude which we feel for the kind impartiality with whieh you conduct the trial . Bat the Public Prosecutor , after having printed and published that the representatives were at Macon , and were the accomplices of several of the accused , proposes in his requisitory to nail them to the pillory . Now , let me be

      permitted—The President , —M . Michel , take note of what I say : neither tbe representatives who were at Macon nor any others are accused . M . Michel ( de Bourges ) . —But read the report ; it says , ' We are authorised to say that it was intended that an insurrection should break out before 1852 , ' and it alludes to the representatives of the Saone-et-Loire as connected with it . And yet Jou , who are the protectors of the law , think it Strange that we , who are the representatives of the people , should protest against such words . 1 demand that my question shall be put to the Public Prosecutor . The President . —I refuse to put it . It does not concern the case .

      Gent rose and began to speak , but was stopped by the President , who told bim that he could not be allowed to address the Court again . The remainder of the proceedings was uninteresting oa Saturday . M . Bergeret , special commissaire of police at Lyons , was first called . He said that after tbe insurrection of June M . Gsnt established himself at Lyons , lie had great influence in the democratic party . The secret society of the Carbonari took offence at that , and charged some of their members to * . atch his proceedings . After the vote of the law of the 31 st of May a certain agitation was manifested in the southern departments . An early insurrection was talked of ; it was also talked of at Lyons . The rising was , however , postponed , and the general opinion was that it was fixed for the

      re-assembling of the National Assembly . Gent ' s movements attracted the attention of the police . It learned that hs had no resources of his own , and , consequently , thought that his means of existence were the contributions of the party . Gent eventually entered the society of the Nouvelle Montaga ? . A meeting of the " principal democrats was held at Valenca , and Gent was there appointed chief of tbe movement . Meetings wore afterwards held in Lyons , and the police succeeded in getting its agems in : o * orty of them . There was a talk in theas of an invasion of France by the insurgents at Ganeva , as a diversion to tbe insurrecti n in the soulh . Gent afterwards went to Macon , where he came to an understanding with the members of the Mountain . When be returned he represented to the chiefs oi the Carbonari that an insurrection

      was imminent . They answered , « It is possible that yon are t nder s : ch pecmiary embarrassments thai you cimotwat ; but we will not allow tat Republic to beendan > -td by an a-Trnturous ei > terprhe . ' Gent went to Geneva , and letters were addressed to him under the name of ' Marc * The accused Malleval left Ardeche in the month of Novembrrtoa > k the mot d ordre at Lyons . A confess was subsequently held in that citv . Some of lue dele , ates came to an understanding with Chevass * . It was solved that the direct go v ernment of tne \^ h should be established . 8 oue

      renttsb ^^/! 1 ? witne 3 S 5 n of >>» reports had cnarged him with leading a life of pi ^ ure and intri gue . Dili he sliu J ^ , ^ » -- „! J „ - ' Sa , d , th 3 t he bad mea "t 'bat he had iTiSr " . V ? ' l m his known resourees ^ ?»* , !» £ . 1 t h ° * ht thal he bad b ** n able art . T Payments of members of the M * Odivier , advocate of Fr oraent , Malleval Che Mi Obtained the information against those accused contained ia bis reports ? TheJVesident - observed that it was not likely that

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      a commissary of police woo , ui give up the names of his agentf . M . Ullivier then put several questions , for the purpose of showing that his clients bad not been concerned in any plot , hut had only formed part of a s' -cret political society . Jean Baptiste Lombard , employe of tbe pon & s-etchaussees , deposed that be had belonged to the secret society of "the Nauvelle Montague ; that he had been chief of a section in it , and that he had ! i « en charged to organise societies in tbe department of the "Var , He had received the weekly payments of the members , and he had paid them over to Jouvene , the treasurer , who , he understood , had remitted thern to Gent . An insurrection was

      to have broken out in the month of July in the Var , but it was put off . The different committees were not in accord on the point . The signal was to have been given from Lyons . The Nouvelle Montague was organised in the month of March , 1849 . Witness had made an active propaganda in the Var ; hut finding that he was suspected he retired from the society . There was . a meeting at Valence , at tem . ' ed by Marescot , Robert , Bouvier , and Lang <> . maz ' mo . The departments were at that time or . zanised , and a chief of the movement was . appointed . After the arrest of Gent the conspirators felt alarmed , and secreted tbe arms and ammunition they had collected . Bouvier was chief of the Nouvelle Montagne in the Basses-Alpes , and Jean Louis was president of the whole society .

      In answer to M . Michel ( de Bourges , ) tbe witness said that he had made revelations to the police , because , on his retiring from the society , U e conspirators bad threated to take his life . He , after -nme hesitation , admitted that his mother's name was not Lombard , but Boudin , and that he hi d hrt ? n condemned to fourteen months' imprisonment by the Tribunal of Correctional Police of Aix for robbery and violation of tombs in the cemetery . The Public Prosecutor remarked that * the man was a witness and not accused , and need not reply to questions of th" kind that had been put . Gent , Jean Louis , Daumus , and Robert pot questions to the witness , hut they weie of no importance .

      mSTOK . nA . NCES IN FRANCE . Some deplorable disiurbances at Laurac , in the Ardeche—the political gravity of which will doubtessly he exaggerated—lave resulted in bloodshed . The only detailed accounts that have reached Paris are in tbe 'Courrier de la Drome' of the 16 th inst . From this—a government- paper—it seems clear that the outbreak was provoked by the officious conduct of some gendarmes . At tbe annual votive fete of Laurac , a place notorious for the democratic opinions of its inhabitants , a detachment of eight gendarmes was sent to watch the proceedings . A certain tavern was pointed out to these men as the favourite resort of democrats . With the intention of creating a row they entered this tavern , where they found about a hundred men amusing

      themselves hy singing democratic songs . They ordered them to leave off singing , and it is not surprising that men thus interfered with in their social enjoyments at their customary annual fete , took no notice of the order . The report then states that five hundred or six hundred anarchists , of the worst reputation , assembled outside tbe house , and began crying * Down with the whites , ' 'Vive Lediu Ro . lin , ' ' Vive la guillotine , ' ' Vive lea rouges . ' This was the signal for the gendarmes to attempt to arresi some men in the crowd , upon which a regular batt e ensued . The people used stones and the gendarmes their muskets . Several of the people were hit by the balls , and every one of the gendarmes was wounded , but no lives were lost . The gendarmes were disabled to snch an extent that not one of them was able to leave the town in search of a

      reinforcement . They sent a messenger to their lieutenant at Argentieres , who arrived at Laurac in the course of the nig ht , at the head of thirty or orty national guards and several functionaries , armed with fowling-pieces , and atcimpmied by the sub-prefect and the jrocurer of the Republic ) These trorpa found no rioters to combat on their arrival , but several arrests have been made . The prefect of the Aideche has prohibited all fetes and meetings of every kind in his department during the months of August , September , " and October . The propriety of extending the state of siege to the Ardeche is already suggested . The Court of Appeal at Jfimes has been specially convoked to take cognizance of the disturbance at Laurac , and has appointed several of its members to assist the magistrates in their inquiry into the facts . Several more arrests have been effected .

      AUSTRIA . Advices from Vienna , dated the 11 th inst ., state that though the Schwaizeuberg-Bach has subdued Italy , overwhelmed Hungary , and bumbled Prussia , yet it cannot boast of having improved the general state of the realm . The finances are worse than ever ; silver is at a premium as high as it was at the time when Austria bed no longer an army to oppose to the victorious Hungarians ; and the negociations for the projected loan have failed . The bankers cannot be easily deceived by superficial panegyrics on the rising prosperity of the monarchy , they know very well that if tbe amount of bank notes has decreased , there is a more than corresponding increase in the government paper money , and as long as the reduction of tbe army is

      impossible , public credit cannot be . firmly established . But how could the army he reduced while all the populations of the monarchy are dissatisfied , and Italy is threatening a new outbreak ? In Milan malcontents have begun to placard printing hul . letins in the same way as the invisible government does at Rome . But the Aus rians are more vigi lant than the Roman police : a young man of the name of Scbiesa was arrested in the very act of sticking the bulletin on the corner of a street . The Austrian authority offered a large sum of money and perfect amnesty to him if be would denounce the parly which employed bim , but he declined to betray his friends , and was shot on the very same day . Next morning another bulletin was found sticking on the wall glorifying the name and the act of this hero .

      Old Radetsky fears now that he is no longer able to prevent an outbreak , he therefore wants reinforcements , whilst the government cannot spare the troops from Hungary , where passive resistance shows the inimical spirit of the people . No Hungarian of note accepts an office under tbe Austrians , and those whom poverty forces to do it loose caste and are treated as Austrians in Society . The costs Of tbe centralised administration absorb all the re . venues of Hungary , and the estimates of the Minister of Finance prove all erroneous . The lately introduced monopoly of tobacco would have been an important item of the revenue , tbe Hungarians all , from the prince to the beggar , being worshippers of the fragrant weed ; but , since the monoply was introduced , smoking has ceased . It is not

      an invisible government , like in Italy , which issued the order not to consume tobacco , bus the universal hatred of the Austrian rule has changed the habits of the people ; nobody is smoking , not even Marshal Haynau . By-lhe-bye , the draymen of Barclay and Perkins can congratulate themselves on their success . The blows bestowed on the Austrian marshal in Bankside have made him the Hungarian oppositionist , wearing the national garb , abusing the Austrian government , and forsaking the beloved cigar and pipe . But even the cultivation of tobacco has much decreased , in consequence of the vexations to which the grower is subjected , and the duty of two shillings upon the' eimer * of wine has thrown the inferior quality of vineyards out of cultivation . The hand of centralising despotism is de stroying everything it touches .

      The following is an instance of the pettyfogging tyrannical sp rit of the Austrian government : — Miss Anna Zsrr . one of the most distinguished opera singers of the Imperial Theatre at the Carinthian gate , got several years ago the patent of imperial chamber-singer ( kammer-sangerin ) , a dis-Unction often conferred on celebrated virtuosi . She always has been a favourite of the public . She never meddled with politics , but she was too proud and too honest to cringe before the powerful . Several of her farmer friends have been compromised during the revolution , but she did not forsake them ; and when in the months of June and July , she made a trip to London , she visited two of the exiles residing there . About this time the

      committee for the relief of the Hungarian refugees got up a concert at Willis ' s Rooms , and Miss Anna iferr was invited to lend her distinguished talent for this charity She read ly consented to sing , but a sud den indisposition prevented her from taking part iu the concert . Shortly afterwards she left London and returned to Vienna , where to her greatest surprize , she was compelled to return her diploma of aammer-gaetlgerin , and forbidden to appear on the stage ; nay , she was even put under the surveillance of the police , and cannot leave the town without a special permission t—and all this because she was ready to aid a charity which is under the chairmanship of Lord Dudley Stuart , and is patronised by a number of members of parliament . It is a petty

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      vengeance upon an artist , but it is at the same time an insult to Hungarians : and the ministry should keep it in mind that the Hungarians more readily forgive cruelty than insolence .

      GERMANY . An article has appeared in the ' Prussian Journal ' ( the official organ of the government ) relative to the arbitrary suppression of the 'Treves Gazette . Without following this writer , who represents the Prussian government , through his intricacies , subterfuges , and pettifogging escapes and distinctions , it will he sufficient , in order to set the matter in its true light , simply to state the case . A very few words will suffice to do this -. —The ' Treves Gazette , has been suppressed by tbe government . Its special offence ia not made known , hut whatever that may b " , it cannot affect the illegality ol the act . The government justifies this act , by applying to it the

      71 st and 74 th articles of the industry ordinance of 1845 , which leaves it in the power of tbe minister of tbe interior or provincial authorities , to withdraw printing and publishing licences at his or their pleasure . The constitution , however , of the 5 h of December , 1848 , which unequivocally prohiraed the freedom of the press , it was universally believed , had virtually abolished the articles of tbe industry ordinance just specified . In this belief the public continued , and the press existed , till on the 31 st of January , 1850 , when counter-revolutionary and retrogressive sentiments began to prevail , it was declared by the Chambers that these articles had not been abrogated .

      A formal law of the press , some months later , followed , which was published and received the royal sanction on the 12 th of May , 1851 . By the 1 st article of this Jaw it is expressly declared that the government cannot refuse the licence for printing ' and publishing to duly qualified persons ; and b . \ the 54 th article of the same law it is also declared , thai the printing and publishing licence awarded by the first article may be withdrawn by a judgment ol the proper law tribunal , & c , and forfeited altogether by two sentences of condemnation from such law tribunals within the space of five years Here , then , one would think the question se ^ at rest , and so all thought it , till the experiment on

      the ' Treves Gazette' was made . A later law must necessarily abolish all the provisions of an earlier one which stand in contradiction with it . Consequently , the 71 st and 74 th articles of the industry ordinance , of course , cease to be , the moment the law of the 12 th of May bad received the royal sanction . This is the only , the irresistible conclusion , with reference both to the letter and the spirit of that law , its motive and its purpose , to which every fair and honest—to which every unperterted—mind must arrive . The ' Preussische Zeitung , ' nevertheless ccmes to a precisely opposite conclusion on this reasoning ; viz ., the chamber , it says , based the law of the 12 th of May ( though they

      never gave a hint of having done so ) on the 71 » t and 74 th articles of the industry ordinance , and thus this law takes for granted , as its foundation , the existence of these articles , which render it a nullity . Besides , the journalist goes on to say , although the law of the 12 ih of May declares that licences to . print and publish may be wMidrawn by the judgment of the proper law tribunal , it does not say that they can ' only' be withdrawn hy that means . The writer lays very great stress on the monosylable ' only / Indeed , I may say , that his argument entirely rests upon it . Further , with re .

      spect to the first article of the press law , which obliges the government to give licenses to duly qualified pertous , the ministerial reasoner insists that , this obligation to give , does not infer an incompetency to withdraw licenses from duly qualified persons the moment they are given , if the government so pleases ; so that the same authority may be continually forced to give what it may be continually determined to take away , making law itself an absurdity . But that which an authority must give , that it cannot under the same circumstances take awav .

      We have thought it necessary to give this subject at some length , because it shows up the moral character of the Prussian government , exhibited by its prime organ in its prevarications with plain nnmistakeable law , and points out the danger with which the Prussian press is menaced , by this wilful and would-be masterful chicinerv . ROMAN STATES . Accounts from Rome , dated the 8 th inst ., state that Mr . Gladstone ' s remarks upon the dungeons of Naples , and the paternal mode in which the Bourhonic sovereign treats his ex-ministers , have been widely although secretly circulated and have produced a most profound sensation , not so much of surprise at the conduct of King Ferdinand as of exultation at its being made public throughout Europe . The government of his holiness may more

      or less be subjected to the same strictures , and it is deeply to be regretted that the French government should have hai the power , without tbe will , to prevent so many crying sins of misgovernment . It is true that the French government , as represented in Rome by Mr . tie Rayneval and General Gemeau , does not directly persecute the people , but it allows the Roman authorities to do so , and , in case of need , seconds them in it . The lamentable consequence of such a course is the increase of assassination , which threatens to become a complete system of organised vengeance . The last victim of the stiletto was an individual named Cesari , in the employment of Cardinal Antonelli , who had the reputation of being a spy . The dagger was left in his body , and is said to have been precisely of the same description as that which proved fatal to the Chan , cellor Evaneeiisci .

      Every act of the government seems destined to increase the irritation and discontent prevalent in the provinces . It will be recollected that on the proclamation of tbe republic the event was greeted with a series of festivities throughout the state , the expenses being borne by tbe community of each town or village , represented by the municipality and chief magistrate . The Papal government has now bethought itself of this fact , and has issued a most sapient circular to the provincial municipalities , declaring that , as the republican government was an illegal one , its orders should have been studiously dhob : yed by its subordinates , and that

      therefore the magistrates must refund the sums which they expended from the municipal hoards for so infamous a purpose as celebrating with festive rejoicing the downfall of his holiness— ' difatto e di diritto '—lrom the sovereignly of the Roman States . Another circular inflicts a fine of two dollars per diem on the chief magistrate of each municipality , so long as he neglects to enforce the payment of the burthensome tax on all classes of tradesmen , agriculturists , and manufacturers , aud professional men of every denomination , which has been so lonr banging in terr » rem over the reluctant population , but which has not hitherts been carried out .

      Accounts from Rome da ' ed the 10 th inform us that it is really astonishing to see with what pertinacity the papal government carries oil measures that must ultimately result in its own ruin . The holy see , although not destroyed by the republicans , and upheld by the Catholic powers , appears resolved to destroy itself , and one of the most effectual means it adopts h that of filling the provinces with malcontents , who disseminate hatred to tlie government in every quarter , and will , on the first opportunity , rise in arms against it . riot a day passes without the police ordering some unfortunate father of a family , established in

      Rome since childhood , to leave the city at a few hoars' notice , and abandon his connexions and means of subsistence , in order to return to his birthplace , where too often he finds neither friends nor relations left . This plan ruins whole families . Imprisonment , is sometimes substituted for banishment , as in the case of Signer Gregori , who has tbe reputation of being a perfectly honest man , but who has been kept in gaol , in solitary confinement , for the last fortnight , lor the heinous crime of not having been horn within the walla of Rome , although he was taken there at the tender age o / twelvemonths , and has been a constant resident lor fifty years .

      Tbe insolence of the nlirri goes on increasing in the same measure as the cruelty of their masters , and these muraidons now parade the streets and enter the cafes and eating-houses in search of non-Romans ; to have been born a few miles from the capital is a sufficient offence for a man to be seized and dragged to prison , thence to be packed off , if he is lucky , to his rative home . Thus the hoh see , who spiritually opens her arms to the whole world , and rejoices to receive proselytes from the most distant regions , pursues a very different system in temporal matters , and denies even her own subjects the . ri $ ltf of visiting oi ! residing at the seat of government .

      All this gives the city a deserted and melancholy appearance . The chief amusement of the cit'zens , except the religious festivals BPfl Ceieiuu " nies , concerning which the official p » per speaks in most rapturous terms , has consisted lately in passing their evenings in the gardea of the Cafe

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      Nuovo , which is now illuminated by means cf an electric light . The experiment has not hitherto met w'th a very dazzling success , but it may be considered as a step towards scientific improvement , and the same description of light is to be made use of in illuminating the theatres , when they are reopened for the autumnal season . Perhaps novelty of one kind may atone in the opinion of the audience for want of novelty of another , since none of the modem operas have been judged by the censor adapted to improve the morals of his holiness ' s lieges , and after having been successively refused permission to represent twenty-six operas , the titles o ; which he mentioned one after another , the manaeer has been obliged to / all back on the timeworn beauties of Rossini ' s Semiraraide , and bring Assur and Arsace again on the stage .

      UNITED STATES . The American mail steamer Atlantic arrived at Liverpool on Sunday last with fifty-two passengers and 110 . 000 dollars in specie . She left New York on the 6 th inst . at noon , so that her voyage has occupied about ten days ten hours , a remarkable good run . She arrived out at New York on Sunday , the 3 rd inst ., at six o ' clock , making the voyage in ten days eighteen hours . In the list of the passengers of tbe Atlantic , is George Collyer , the celebrated yacht and steamboat builder , who goes out to witness the racing of the yacht America , at the Exhibition of the World's Fair .

      THE CUBAN REVOLUTION . New Orleans , Friday , July 25—By the arrival of the Steamer Falcon , to-day , from Havana , we learn that the patriots had several engagements with the government troops . In one battle , it is reported that not less than 300 of the latter were killed . Many of the government troops had joined the revolutionary movement . The Governor of Matanzas stales , in a communication to the Captain General , tha * the citizens are coming forward promptly lo defend the city against the insurgents .

      A private letter has been received here from a highly influential American merchant in Havana , stating that the Spanish government ' s endeavouring 11 smother the particulars of tbe recent outbreak at Puerto Principe , in order to prevent creating a sensation in the United States . The insurrectionary movement is represented as being quite formidable . Americans have been for some time past drilling tbe insurgents . It is said that a ship from New York , with arms and ammunition for the insurgents , had succeeded in landing her cargo . Several others are daily ex pected to arrive . The government baa spies out in all directions . Two Spanish officers of high rank had been imprisoned on suspicion of favouring the insurgents .

      It is reported that an American had been garrotted , on suspicion of being concerned in the insurrectionary movement . Monday , July 28 . —A strong feeling is exhibited here in favour of the Cuban patriots . At the meeting on Saturday night a committee was appointed to make collections in behalf of the cause which they are to-day engaged in doing . It is reported that General Lopez is about to assume command of the patriots . Great excitement prevails at the south on account of the Cuban insurrection . Several volunteers have left Savannah for Cardenas . One thousand men have sailed from New Orleans for the same

      destination . Two steamers have been purchased by the Cubans and their friends in New Orleans , where it is currently believed that they will obtain possession of tbe island in the present struggle . A large number of persons in Georgia , Alabama , Louisiana , and other southern states , are preparing to give their personal aid to the Cuban revolutionists . We learn from Cincinnati that large bodies of young men in that vicinity are waiting for an opportunity to join the same standard . The President exerts the utmost vigilance for the prevention of any overt acts on the part of the Americans against the government of Spain , hut the zeal of private adventurers cannot be repressed by the action of public authorities .

      We learn that another fire has taken place at San Francisco , by which ten squares of buildings have been destroyed , and with them three millions of dollars worth of property . The catastrophe was unfortunately made more disastrous by the loss of several valuable lives . This misfortune is to be attributed to incendiaries , some of whom have been caught , and will meet with summary justice , Strange as it may seem , the inhabitants were rebuilding the burned districts with tbe same alacrity they have always shown .

      INDIA . By advices from Trieste , of the 13 th inst ., we are informed it was reportsd that orders had been given for the surrender of the Northern Provinces of the Nizam , in satisfaction of the suras due to tbe East India Company , and that there were rumours of an outbreak in Cashmere . An English vessel has been wrecked in the neig h , bourhood of Aden , and a portion of the crew murdered by the natives .

      CHINA . Accounts from Hong Kong , dated June 23 rd ., state that the rebellion is very likely to terminate in the complete overthrow of the present dynasty The leader of the rebellion has assumed the regal style and title .

      Tfouiqn Ifttswllanj?.

      tfouiqn Ifttswllanj ? .

      The Assizes At Ludwigsburg, Iu Wirtember...

      The assizes at Ludwigsburg , iu Wirtemberg , have been occupied for some weeks with the trials of some of the lower leaders of the revolution of 1849 . On Thursday last , however , a number of prisoners of a higher kind were placed at the bar , charged with having been the arch-agitators of the plan for mixing up Wirtemberg with the Baden revolution . They are nine in number . The whole of the first day of the trial was consumed by the reading of the indictment , and it is expected that it cannot be concluded within a week .

      M . Guiseppe Tardini , the Swedish aeronaut , bad a narrow escape in an ascension he made last week from Stockholm . The balloon had risen to a great height , when suddenly the upper part of it became torn , and the gas escaping . it descended with great rapidity and fell into the sea . Fortunately a steamer was passing along the coast at the time , and the captain , seeing what had occurred , directed his vessel towards the spot , and rescued the aeronaut from a watery grave . The municipal council of Orleans have endowed a novel professorship , not unworthy of imitation . They have voted a salary of £ 20 to a lecturer on the art of grafting and cutting fruit ttees .

      The President of the French Republic has created one grand officer , three commanders , seven officers , and sixty-three chevaliers of the Legion of Honour , in consideration of recent services in the African war . The new grand tfficer is General Camou . An exaggerated account of the damage done by the fire at tbe Invalides appeared in the ' Patrie , " ' and was copied by several other papers . There were 234 flags and standards in the church , and of these only about fi'teen \ rere destroyed . The famous parasol of the Emperor of Morocco , taken at the battle of Isly , was saved with slight damage . The fifty-two flags captured at Austerlitz were not in the church . They are deposiled temporarily in the governor ' s apartment until the completion of the Emperor ' s tomb , which they are destined to decorate .

      The synaicai Committespf Bareges have voted the necessary funds for the ' restoration of the pvramid erected in honour of Queen Hortense , ( the mother of Louis Napoleon ) on the Queen ' s bridge , at the entrance of the valley of Luz . The French Minister of Marine has determined strictly to enforce the regulations which prohibit naval officers from being accompanied bv their wives on board ship . As an example to all lesser offenders the minister sent an order to Admiral Parseval Deschenes , commanding the squadron off Cadiz , desiring that Madame Parseval Deschenes might be sent on shore immediately . This lady has been in the habit of cruizing about with the admiral during tbe last fifteen years . He must now console himself , if he can , for her absence by the

      reflection , which the minister suggests to him , that it is especially incumbent on men so distinguished as himself to set tbe example of respect to the law Signer Balbi , a native of Malta , a cameo-cutter ' and a most respectable person , arrived from that island on the 5 th inst ., and landed at Civila Vecchia , where he was seized by the police stripped of great part of his Clothing , and deprived of his papers , including his regular English passport , signed by General Ellice , pro-governor of Malta , instead of which a temporary passport was given him , with which he was allowed to Continue nw journey to Rome . Such are the indignities to wnicti British subjects are forced to submit through the suspicion , the fear , or the hatred of the eccle . siasticalauthoritiea .

      The Assizes At Ludwigsburg, Iu Wirtember...

      The contents of a luggage train which arrived on Thursday last at the terminus of the Orleans railway , are destined to mark an epoch in the history of the French navy , and to aiford the inhabitants of this island city a spectacle of exciting novelty . Forty ship carpenters , from tbe dock-yard of M . Baudet , ship-builder , at Paiinhoeuf , were ihe escort of 1 , 288 pieces of oak , ready fashioned , for the construction of a 1 , 000 ton frigate , which is forthwith to be built and station ed on the Seine , at Neuilly . It is to be a model ship , for the use of the naval school recently established there , and is intended to exhibit every modern improvement . The masts and rigging peering above the green woods of Neuilly , and visible throug h the openings in the Bois de Boulogne , will form an entirely new feature in the landscape scenery of the environs of Paris .

      The trial of M . de Ginestous , who fought the duel with M . Aristide Olivier , in which the latter was Wiled and the former severely wounded , has just taken place at Montpellier . Tbe seconds wire included in the indictment . All the parties were acquitted . A very singular meteor was observed on the evening of the 2 nd inst over the city of Ferrara , about half-past ten o ' clock , inthe form of a fiery globe which seemed to pass just above the summits of

      the tallest edifices in the direction of the south-east , to the north-west , leaving behind a long train of light , and Rradually losing itself in space . The whole city was illumined by it as if it had been noonday ; and it was remarked that the lamps above which the meteor passe ! were extinguished by its influence . At fourteen minutes past one in the morning a sli ght undulatory shock of earthquake was felt by the inhabitants of the city , but no dr . mage was done . At the same moment the shock was felt at Milan , Venice , and Verona .

      The ' Cologne Gazette' contains a ' steckbrief issued by the police authorities against the poet Freiligratb . A « steckbrief is similar to the ' Hue and Cry , ' and contains a perfect description of all persons who attain this unenviable distinction . Freiligrath , who is safe in England , is accused of having taken part in a plot for the overthrow of the government . ' Little children and great fools , ' says the old proverb , ' should not play with edged tools ; ' its wisdom is apparent to all hut continental governments who play at soldiering regardless of the danger of placing sharp swords and deadly weapons ol all kinds 3 d the hands of ignorant men . The Bavarian papers contain accounts of an accident at Munich , which ought to be a lesson to them all . At a grand review and sham battle on Thursday

      last , two squadron of cavalry , one attacking and the other defending a battery of artillery , got actually engaged ; they rushed against one another with more than the usual fearlessness displayed in a field of battle ; a hand to hand conflict ensued , and some forty men are sail ! o be more or less seriously wounded . The cause of the encounter is involved in mystery . An ill-natured journalist ascribed it to the unusual potency of tlie last baich of beer ; another , more patriotic , thinks it arose from the discontent of the men at not having been allowed to measure their strength with the Prussians during the past winter ; but a person well able to form a correct opinion on military persons , ascribed it to a cause not very creditable to the Bavarian cavalry be declares the accident to have been caused by the most unmilitary ignorance and carelessness .

      An event somewhat unusual in the gambling watering-pkees of Germany , occurred at Baden-Baden two or three days ago . A Russian nobleman , an officer in the Guards , broke the bank on two successive evenings , pocketing more than 60 , 000 francs . The ' Spanish Gazette' of August 13 th contains a royal decree declaring that the prince or princess to be bom of tbe Duchess ot Montpensier shall he entitled to all the prerogatives of an In / ant ol Spain . A museum of a novel kind has been added to the sights of Versailles . A large building has been

      erected at Trianon for the purpose ot exhibiting a collection of French saddlery and harness from the earliest times , together with many specimens from Africa and the Levant . In this building are also to be placed the historical state carriages , which have hitherto been locked up in a room on the ground floor of the Palace of Versailles , to which the public were not admitted . They are ten in number and consist of the coronation carriage of Charles X ., the carriage used at the baptism of the King of Rome , the carriages called the Topaz , the Victory , the Turquoise , the Brilliant , the Cornelian , the Amethyst , the Opal , and the funeral car of Louis

      XVIII . The- 'Milan Gazette ' of the 13 th in St . publishes the following brutal sentences : — 'Redaelli ( Jules Henry ) , forty-two years of age , parish priest o ( Olgiata O ' . ona , in the province of Milan ; Tassi ( Antonio ) , fifty-four years of age , carman ; Foppa ( Gianni ) , thirty-eight years of age , butcher ; and Carniti ( Andrea ) , thirty years of age , mason , have been sentenced by court-martial for keeping in their possession fire-arms and warlike stores , namely—Redaelli , to six years' imprisonment in a fortress ; Tassi , to two years' hard labour ; Foppa to be kept in irons during six weeks ; and Carniti to ashoit confinement . The same court condemned a butcher ' s servant , named Luigi Paccbi , aged thirty , eight , to be confined during one year in a dark cell for having violently resisted revenue officers in the exercise of their functions . '

      Circulars have been sent to tbe commanding officers of several legions of the national guard of Paris ordering tbem to return all the cartridges in the possession of their men . The President of the French Republic has sent l , 000 f . to the Prefect of the Isete , towards the relief of the sufferers by the inundation at Voreppe . The ' Courrier au Havre' states , that a vehicle , six feet long and three wide , was lately seen to circulate through the streets of the town , moved by concealed mechanism . The inventor of the vehicle declared that he travels usually hy it three leaguns an hour without fatigue on ordinary roads , and that he can easily go over from twenty-five to thirty leagues n-day on it . The moving power is simply the weight of the person seated .

      The Mayor of Nonancourt , in Normandy , has been sentenced to a fine of twenty-five francs by the Civil Tribunal of Evreux , for having drawn up baptismal certificates , in which two boys presented to the municipality were called the one Raspail , and the other Louis Blanc , the law of the 11 th Germinal , jear XI ., forbidding municipal tfficcra to insert in those acts any other names than those inscribed in the almanacs , or those of personages known in ancient history . It is stated in the Antwerp ' Journal du Commerce , ' that the experiment of an engine or machine designed to be put into action by the steam of chloroform , was to be tried at Loriente , on board the ship 'Galileo , ' a craft of 120-horse power .

      A gentleman in Bohemia has been condemned hy a jury to fifteen months' imprisonint-nt with hard labour—for * a breach of the peace , 'the ( . { fence consisting in publicly speaking against the Imperial govemment , and contrasting it with the Kossuth regime .

      Coksumriios Is More Fatal Than Any Other...

      CoKsuMriios is more fatal than any other disease in London . It destroyed 1 , 815 lives in the second three months of the present year .

      Slilpv Ffikuptions, Lyekvoajs Uuujt - Jilty. $Ci-Oftiiii, Uiscascs Of The Bonus Am

      SlilPV ffiKUPTIONS , lYEKVOaJS UUUjT - JilTY . $ Ci-oftiIii , Uiscascs of the Bonus am

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  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), Aug. 23, 1851, page 2, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns2_23081851/page/2/