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Northern Star (1837-1852), 23rd September 1848, Edition 2 of 3, Page 5

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      The Right To Labour ¦ B Our Neighbours A...

      tai ijinal source of all wealth—in search af food , So bi to be *&*& on uncultivated soils in foreign laa ^ { lis , -while the great proportion of our own itnt fends are most wretchedly and imperfectly calriva rivated , for want of that Terr Labour , and * hi # hite 15 , 000 , 000 acres of cultiyatable wastes ret ret remain , on which capital , skill , and Labour , wis wisely directed , would produce a certain and a fa il fair return of real wealth . 1 The "do nothing " and "letalone " system aP ! approach 63 its termination . In spite

      ofplausib slble theories—in spite or systematic selfis h-1 nei Less , hiding itself under the guise of a learned jar jargon , dignified with the name of " philosophy /' an and taught at Universities as such—in spite of an an organised Government machinery to enforce th these principles—in practice it is impossible m much longer to maintain it . All the great infln flnences of the age—the mighty principle of ni moral justice and equity inwoven in the univ < verse , and the sentiments implanted in our 01 own nature , which may be perverted , but cann not be destroyed—all " these offer

      aneverlastii in"' counter-action to the perishable momentum 0 ofthe present system , and must , in due time , 1 bring it to a stand-still . Political Economists , acting . is the mouthn p ieces of a selfish aristocracy , and a still more s selfish moneyoc-racy , may proclaim as loudly as t they please that there is neither the right to 1 Labour nor to subsistence in society . The i contrary is written in man ' s wants , and the i capacity of Nature to supply them . If these i classes " will insanely sfcind in the way , and prevent these two things from being most naturally and fruitfully united , on their heads be the consequences . We can understand how a Lord Tom Noddy , or a Sir Jabesh "Windbag , may

      talk such nonsense , having learned no better . We can imagine that such nonentities may like the present , which gives them in return for nothing , power wealth , and luxury . But they should recollect the world was not exclusively m ade for them ; that , in fact , it is getting every day less and less fit for them to rule in , and that in proportion as books , leading articles , and lectures grow more accessible , and machines more deadly in their war against mere flesh , blood , and labour , so will it become every day a world in which such useless and mischievous animals willbeas much out of place asthegeologicalmegatherfumsoriguanadonsin the British Museum , would be in the present dav .

      Wiser will it be for these classes to betake themselves in time to the study of those principles which will enable them to constitute a well-ordered and prosperous community , in which the welfare of each class will spring out of , and depend upon , the prosperity of all other classes . As a foundation for this really free condition ofman , the political franchises which are the

      natural right of all , must he first frankly conceded or extended by such means as the Constitution affords ; and concurrently with the extension of these rights , the power of obtaining subsistence ia return for willing labour , must be guaranteed to every citizen . These are tbe only true principles of really civilised society , and wherever they are denied or not operative , the nation , whatever it may call itself , is as yet avaue , and under feudal domination .

      We are glad to observe that Mr O'Connor has < riven notice of a motion for next Session , which , in effect , will moot the whole of the important questions at which we have hastily glanced . The proposition that each union workhouse should have land attached to it , whereon the able-bodied poor , for whom the present system finds neither work nor wages , should be employed for the benefit of the community , is one which must commend itself to the judgment of all impartial and enlightened

      men . It has , indeed , always appeared to us one cf tbe strangest solecismsin the English character , that a people proverbial for their acuteness in commercial and money matters , should have been induced to throw away , year by year , not less than six or seven millions sterling , to keep infforced idlentss a number of people whose labour , if set to work by that capital , might have been reprodnctively employed for the benefit of all classes of the community . . | '

      Mr O'Connor ' s motional adopted and carried into operation on the scale , and under the arrangements it ought to be , would strike at ence a deadly blow against our gigantic pauper system , and our increasing poor rates . It would guarantee to every able-bodied willing labourer , the right to labour at a minimum price , and having thus properly tested destitution , it would amply justify us in sending to undergo primitive discipline in penal workhouses , the lazy and idle vagrants who wished to live oa the labour of otners .

      It was the disgrace of the late Session of Parliament that the rights , claims , and position of Labour found no voice , elicited no consideration , Shoals of class measures , and pettyfogging bills intended to promote snug little jobs , found their way through Parliament , but the most useful and most numerous had , as usual , no representative there . It is time that this were changed . Successful or nst , the interests and the rights of industry should be perseveringly and boldly urged upon public attention . We believe it would not be so in vain , if done in a proper spirit , and we hail Mr O'Connor ' s motion as a hopeful com mencement of a new system of legislation .

      S Eptember.S3, 1848. The Northern Star ....

      S eptember . S 3 , 1848 . THE NORTHERN STAR . 5 t ^ ^^^ Z ——^ „__ _______ ¦¦— ¦ - — - ¦ . _ _— . ; " _ — — —— " , . —» - — -- ———»¦»—*» i WB 1 _ J . '^ l . " """"'" w in 1 imihihh— ¦¦—nmmiii i im _ :. mm ¦ mm nnr » "" - ' »''¦ ' *—~ n umiiiii Ma ^ aibri ^ .-tia . * - »^ jfck . i „„ T-.-i » -au . » iw » ¦ . —»^| " - —— ^

      £A Leasers & Corresboiibents

      £ a leasers & CorresBOiiBEnts

      Mr O'Cgksgb Bejrs To State, In Reply To ...

      Mr O'Cgksgb bejrs to state , in reply to a Ludlow correspondent , and others who make similar applicationsthht he will use his influence with the government to ftenre places for ind . viduali—that it is no part of his duty : that he has never heen applied to by his own consti ' nt nb for such a purpose ; and he begs to inform snme who write pressing lettsrs , and then impertinent ones when tfiey are not answered that he has neither time nor inclination to devote to their service . A Wobking sas . —• e ; lined-Bxclvsivb Disuse— Mr Edward Phillips has written us a lone ; article , in which he strongly urges upon the Chartists tbe advantages to be derived from exclusive dealing ; the question , however , has been to ably discussed acd aav & eafed in the columns cf the Koethei . ii Stab , that we cannot find roomfor the addresses on tbe suWect at present . B 03 foB » , near Banhnry . —A few poor labourers at this place have subscribed 6 s 9 d , for the d-fence of Mr Cnffay , and the London Chartists . Mr FiTZPATaicK . —We have no room for jour

      comnvummeatious . J . Law * s , Salkburv , wiU find his question answered , by referring to a paragraph headed * Mr O'Connor ' s Propositions . * jkusED Coyestey recommends the formation of rantual improvement classes , for the education of the people-Wjc Hibbzy , Tiverton . —Beceived . Mr H . will write shortly . Mas M'Douail—Jfr Aifken has received a letter from Mrs M'Vonall , in which she states , if a sum of money could be raised for her to commence a small shop , she wou'd be l * ss dependent , and might ensure , at least , bread for her children , during her husband ' s : ongcon finesses t . Mr Hame * . 01 d :. am . —If repeat- d , the advertisement will be charged 4 s . f d . each insertion . Mr w . Pickvance , Bolton , had better correspond with the Barr friends .

      Mr Kbbs , O'Connornue— Tour advertisement was in accordance with the copy forwarded by Mr Stallwood . Ellis Saxpsoh , Manchester . —we know but one society of the description you have named , and fjat is of a derid : rly disreputable character . J . Snisnoy , Aberdeen . —We have alrfady refused to give publcity to statements ( in addition to those which fcave already appeared in our columns ) hostile to Mr Shirrou jitii , therefore , unreasonable for him to ixpect us to re- ^ pen the controversy . We Must abide by the decisitn annoui cedin last Saturday ' sSiAR . Szvebil Commcnicatioss will be noticed in our next .

      Wasdotjr-Sibert.—On Sunday Night At Eigh...

      Wasdotjr-sibert . —On Sunday night at eight o'clock is tier fire , attended with a serious destruc tii » a « .: [ r pirty , broke out npf-n the spacious pile of TrcEsisea , known as tbe Ship Tavern , situate in Wardour-etreet , Sobo , tlw property of Mr Robt . John Pearce . There was an immediate supply of water obtained , end several engines bavicg been set to work , theflimes were by nine o ' clock extinguished . The damage done , however , to tbe premises and their contents , ia very considerable . Mr Pearce was insured to the extent of £ 1600

      Fim in Clejck-nt's-Ish . —On Tuesday afternoon , b-t ween the hoara of twelve axd one . flsm « s were obierred issuingfrom the windows of No . 12 , Clemem ' tina : an alarm of fire was instantly laited , and on some men prcceedins thither , it was found that the ^ hole ef tke npner part of the passage and stsirctses was on fire . With great exertions , however , the flunes were kipt nmhr until tho arrival of the en-{ . iaps of the London Fire Brigade and others , which succeeded in preventing the spread of the damage , and u ' iimatelv in extinguishing the fire .

      S.30bipt3 Off Thb Nation Ai» L&Nd , Comp...

      S . 30 BIPT 3 Off THB NATION AI » L & ND , COMPANY . FOB THB WEEK ENDING THURSDAY , SEPTEMBER 21 , 1818 . PES MB O'CONNOB . « HA » EB . £ b . d . York M 411 6 Birmingham , Thrislington .. 210 8 Goodwin „ o 10 c Market Lavington 0 10 Long Buckby .. 0 16 Whittington and Knarcsborough 2 0 0 Cat .. 215 7 Crayford „ 2 0 0 Bermondsey M 017 0 Hartlepool .. 113 6 Royston , Barrow 5 0 0 Nottingham , Isham M 5 0 0 Sweet .. 0 8 0 Manchester .. 1 10 6 Sunderland ., 111 0 Barnsley , Lowe 2 5 6 J Griffiths .. 1 15 6 Oldham M 0 5 0 James Cuttris „ 0 5 o Glasgow * 1 li 0 £ 38 15 3 EXPENSE FUND . York H 0 4 0 Barnsley , Lowe 0 4 6 Whittington and Nottingham , Cat .. 0 5 0 Sweet .. 0 3 6 Market Lavington 0 16 J Griffiths .. 0 2 C £ 12 0 AID FUND . Geo Allison .. M ¦ 0 1 0 Land Fund ... ... ... 36 15 3 Expense Fund ... ... ... 12 0 Aid Fund 0 10 £ 3718 3

      Wjr . Dixon . CnEieropaEB Doile , Tbos . Clibk , ( Corras . Sec . ) Phlup H'Gratb . IFIii . Seo . ) THE LIBERTY FUND . Huddersfield , pEr Rochdale , Leigh Enoch Sykes .. 0 S 0 Gleane - 0 IS 0 Hanlev , ditto .. 0 5 0 Leeds , per H High Barton .. 0 2 21 Snmmersgill 0 3 0 Almondbury M 0 2 0 Brighton , per W Laseelles Hall ; ., 0 2 0 Flower .. 0 5 10 District Fund - 0 0 9 i Hastings , per J Findlay , Mason 0 16 Edwin More .. 0 12 6 Greenwich , Mr Shiney Row . per Floyd , Baker 0 1 0 Thomas Blockey 8 7 11 £ 3 C 9

      Jons M'Ceae , Secretary . FOR FAMlLIES OF VICTIMS . 1 ECEIVED BY W . HIDES . Brighton , per TV Alfreton , perW Flower .. 0 10 2 Williamson .. 0 4 0 W Webstar , Mans- J Bryan , Alfreton Old field „ 0 0 3 C Tinley , Alfreton 8 0 6 T Bell , ditto M 0 0 C Leicester , per H Barrow .. 0 5 4 £ 119 Eeicestkb—The sum of 16 s . 4 d ., was received for tha Victim Fund from the female Chartists of Leicester , per Miss A . Smart , and ought to have been previously acknowledged . RECEIVED AT UND OFFICE . HuU , Mr Clark „ .. ,. . 070 FOR DR M'DOUALL'S DEFENCE . RECEira ) BT W . RIDEB . Brighton , per W J Parker , Cam-Flower .. 0 8 0 berwell .. 0 18 £ 0 9 _ 0 FOB THE EXECDTIVE . Hyson Green , Mr Clark „ .. n 8 1 0 DEFENCE FUND . BECEIVED AT LAUD OFFICE . Mr Barnes , Lynn J > J 1 6 Market Lavington Merthjr , J Burley 0 1 0 ( Levy ) .. 0 4 0 Halifax , Mr Clark 12 0 £ 18 6

      To The Chartists Of England And Scotland...

      TO THE CHARTISTS OF ENGLAND AND SCOTLAND . A plain statement of facta is always the best gna rantee for a continued friendship , and I beg of jon to attend to tbe following .- -Since the incarceration of Mr Jones I have paid to Mrs Jones , on behalf of her husband , far some tim » , - £ 2 per week , and np to Saturday the 9 th , £ 1 : the reduction being caused by the want of funds . I have paid to Mrs M'DiuaU , since the imprisonment of her husband , in all £ 2 . Daring nearly the whela of this period I have received no salary , although employed almost day and night in discharge tf the d uties of the office to which you elected me . I therefore aik of you to adopt some practical steps to support the wives and children of those men you have so often professed to honour . I am not disposed to write appeals to yon every week like soma vagrant beggar craving far acrutt . I faithfully prgmisrd Mr Jones and Dr M'Doaali that I weald use my influence on behalf of their familus 16 was the very least I could

      Defence And Victim Fund. Received By Wm....

      DEFENCE AND VICTIM FUND . Received by Wm . RnwR . £ s . d . Barrhead Chartists , per J , Howie ... 0 16 0 Brighton , pa W . Flower 0 16 0 Winter's , near Hehden Bridge , per J , Mann 0 18 A Toll Collector ... ... ... 0 10 Birmingham , per H . Badhall ... ... 0 2 0 Ripponden , p'r J . Wrigley ... ... 0 4 4 Radstock , * A Brother Snip , ' for Cnffaj ' s defence 0 0 10 Horsham , £ ... ... ... ... 0 2 6 Nuneaton , a few friends , per Mr Sfcaw ... 12 6 J . Parktr , CambtrweU ... ... 0 10 Tintfviatl , per J , Woofihoase ... ... 0 19 J . Hcaton , Giggleiwick ... ... 0 10 Chartists of Newport , Isle of Wight , per T . Self 0 5 0 Liverpool , per H Smith ... - ... 0 3 6 Pljmouih , per J . Rogera ... ... 0 15 5 Coventry , per W . Hosier 0 12 6 Malmsbury , per S . Hudson ... ... 0 4 9 Caeltenham , per J . Hemmin ... ... 0 3 0

      Ditto Ditto ( for Caffay ' a Defence ) ... 0 7 6 Llandly , per W . Arthur ... ... 0 5 8 Hanlej and Shelton ( Eistwood Vale ) , per HrDeaMn ... ... .. 0 10 0 Bri g * , Two Friends , per H . Barton ... 0 10 Scarborough , per L . Sanderson ( Cuffjj ' a Djftnce ... ... ... ... 0 3 0 Birmingham , per H . Rudhall ... ... 0 2 0 Derby , per W . Short 0 18 0 Leeds , per H . Sumtaersgill ... ... 0 3 0 EccIes . perW . Gregory ( CDffaj ' a Defence ) 0 4 9 G . Babb , Caarttrviile ( „ ) 0 5 0 £ 8 5 6

      Dr M'Douall's Defence Fund. Frea No. S B...

      DR M'DOUALL'S DEFENCE FUND . Frea No . S Branch , Leicester ... ... 0 17 0 Mr W . Rider , Stab Office ... ... 1 15 8 K dderminster , G . Holloway ... ... 10 0 £ 3 131 w . Ahkm .

      Accroekt At Saw Mills—Oa Wednesday Atfer...

      AccroEKT at Saw Mills—Oa Wednesday atfernojn , a most severe , and probably fatal , r . ocident tc ecm-d at the North Green Saw Mills , situate i . i North-street , City-road . A boy named Georgo Castles , about fourteen years of age , who was employed there , by some means got entangled in the machinery attached to one of the saws , and was slightly cut in the hasd , and while endeavouring to disengage himself , he unfortunately fell with one oi hislega against thesaw , which cot instantly through the centre ofthe thigh , completely severing the limb from the tody . Such surgical assistance as could te had on the spos having t : cn obtained to stop the tffu-Rion ef blocd , he was conveyed to St Bartholomew ' s Hospital .

      Thk Sebpejjtise . —It will be gratifying to those interested in the salubrity of the air of Hyde Parkand who of the inhabitants of tbe metropolis are iot so interested ?—to know that Sir John Rannie commenced hia survey of the Serpentine on Monday morning last The first step having at length thus been taken , there is now hope that ere long the bed of that river will be cleared of its pestiferous filth , and its waters restored to their wonted state of sightliness and purity . This is the moredesirable , threatined as we are by the approach of cholera , and stagnant water being invariably mentioned by all medical

      authorities an tvil to be specially avoided as an evi ! in the case of that frightful disease . A Cosscissnoua . Murdeher . —The Illinois papers bring an account of a deliberate murder in that state , of Dr J . DaUenger , by Edwin H . Herreil , a lawyer . Cause .-dander of HerreJl ' a wife . The murderer was too conscientious to kill his victim on Sunday , having met him on that day and t Did hhx that if it was not Sunday he would kill him then , bnt he would do it the first opportunity after , and shot him from a covert the " ntxfc merning . New York Haritmr .

      * Ooh Owa CoBEBSPONnEsxa . '—On Tuesday two swpwiouE-lioking characters were captured bj the police at Balor-ral . They were found ensconced on the branches of a high trea in the g roucds ' of the castle . ^ The result of their examinations has not transpired , hut it i * supposed that they were thenmerely to gratify their cariosity about the Queen and Prince Albert .

      To The Working Classes. ' Words Are Thin...

      TO THE WORKING CLASSES . ' Words are things , and a small drop ef ink FaUiBg—like dew— -npoa a thought , produces That which makes thousand * , perhaps millions think' Biaoif .

      The French'republic Brother Paolatahuns....

      THE FRENCH'REPUBLIC Brother PaoLatAHUNS . * The work goes bravely on . ' Next to having tbs veritable Republic—* democratic and sochl' — which the brave people of Paris imagined they had achieved by their immortal victory on the 24 " . h of February , —next , I say , to the possession of that great and glorious priz * , the best thing that can happen for France and tha world is , that there should be no Republic at all . That consummation has io

      reality come to pass ; for the thing called a Repubi . o is no more so thaa is the system whioh in Russia permiis Nicholas to say , ( after Lobis XIV ., ) ' I am the state ! ' Indeed the Russians have this advantage over our French brethren , that they are not hum bugged by names . With them the rule of a tyrant is acknowledged despotism . Nicholas does not slay and exile his miserable subjects ia the name of ' Fraternity , '—nor plunder them in the name of ' Equality , '—nor deny them the rights of free speech and faa writing in the name of * Liberty . ' Happily the despotism of the French bourgeoisie is fasi becoming as transparent as that of the Russias autocrat . Flushed with their triumph over the heroes of June , the intriguers and traitors are throwing on the disguises they have hitherto worn , and are openly denying and scoffing at the phrases under colour ot which they have waged a too successful war against the vtrtab ' . e ' Liberty , Equality , and Fraternity ' fought for by the viotors of February ,

      ' Whatis a Republic ? ' asked Robebfieiwb , and the Roland , and her word-mongering faction were struck dumb . Io was not , as has been fahely asserted , becau e Robespierre was hostile to a Repnb-Ho that he put that question to the Girondist mouthers ; but because he knew that those rain and hollow pretenden desired , under the guise of a Republic , a mere change of men and mmes , bat not a change of system and principles . What does it matter to the working men whether they are plundered and oppressed in the name of a King or a Presidentwhether they are enslaved by one despot called an Emperor , or by some hundreds of eoi undrels calling themselves a ' National Assembly V The mere political Republicans are the greatest fools or

      rascals under ths san . They have either never thought on the phraeo ' Republic / or if they have thought , they wilfully lend themselves to a juggle for the psipo ? e of mistifying the multitude . The Weekly Dispatch admirably represents these Republicans . It need to astonish seme innocent people how to reconcile that paper ' s advocacy of Republicanism with its bitter hostility to Chartism ; such seeming inconsistency never puzz ' ed thinking men . The Dispatch used to object to the Chartists , thatthey went'too fai'in demand'ngUni veisal Suffrigf , at the same time it objected to them , that because they did not avow themselves Republican ? , they * did not go far enough . ' In spite of this s ; eming inconsistency the Dispatch was quite

      consistent . ' Publicola , ' and the other writers in that journal , detecting 'kings , priests , and lords , ' wanted a Republie— but a bourgeois Republic . They docaimtd against Universal Suffrage , because they would have preferred tho rule of the devil himself to ths establishment of a ' democratic and social Re public' It ii true that the present National Assembly was e ! e : ted by Universal Suffrage ; but , thanks to the ignorance of the French peassntry , the conspiracy of the bourgeoisie , and the multifarious intrigues , frauds , and lies of the political schemers , tha Republic , which for a moment promised to be a verity , has become a despotism of the most hateful character . Neither kin : ' , nor ptieste , uor lords , dWi'le rule with the bourgeoisie Middle

      c ' ass terrorism is triumphant , and the Dispatch Republicans are satisfied . How often the Dispatch has thundered against the laws of September ; but not one word haa it uttered against the ihoussru-fold m"ro fn amC'U 3 laws against the press and public meetings passed by the present Assembly , The Dispatch was never weary of denouncing the despotism of Loot * Philippe , yet it now defends and ex'ols the fat more monstrous tyranny of dictator Cavaigsac . The reason is obvious—the rascally system at preient existing in France is precisely the sort of Republic the Dispatch m ? n would like to see established in this country . ' ' Thank you for nothing , ' gentlemen- From such a Republic the Lord deliver the working men of France , and save tbe working men of Eueland .

      I grant that the working men of France , up to this moment , do possess one advantage over the workins ; men of England—the Suffrage . An inestimable possession , if tbey but knew bow to make use of it . Bat it will be seen , that if in the elections which have just taken place in Parie , ( the returns of which aro not known to me at the time I write)—if fluworking men h ive shown the goad sense to elect the ' Red' candidates , it will be seen , I say , that Universal Suffrage will bo attacked by all the organs of the bourgeoisie both in the Assembly and the Press ; and the Dupatch will join chorus with the Trass and the Joup-val des Debits , in demanding a cur tailment of the Suffrage , to' save the Republic' If the enemies of Chartism believed that the suffrage

      would be , at the present time , and henceforth , as badly used as it was in France in April last , they would offer no opposition to the Chatter ; and as long as the bourgeoisie hare cotfidence in the ignorance of tbe French working men , they may allow the continuance of nominal political equality in the shape oi Universal Suffrage . But if once the bourgeoisie have cause to apprehend that the working men are likely to elect a majority , or even any considerable number of veritable Republicans—men determined to make the Republic' democratic aud social , ' tbey ( the bourgeoisie ) will at once proclaim war to the knife against Universal Suffrage . The sooner that war is proclaimed the better , for when things come to the worst , a radical change is comparatively easy . Another revolution in France is inevitable—a social revolution . My earnest prayer is , that that revaiution may be accomplished by

      peaceful means—through the ballot box , not the barricade . But by some means or other come it must . Tha triumph ot the workmen may be near or may be remote-may be the conclusion of a war of words or a war i > f swords—but ' come it slow , nr come it fast '—come it by peaceable or forcible means . come it must . The author of the ' Comparative Sketches of Feakce and England , ' writing in March test , remarked , that' If the fiounjreoisie persist in occult , or in open resistance to the rt-volntios , they muat share the fate of aristocracy and monarchy . ' Even another June massacre would not prevent the victory of the workmen , it would but embitter tbe strife . The days of mere political revolutions are numbered . The Republic— but ' the Republic democratic and social , ' is the prize for which the masses of Franceand more countries than France—vrill henceforth contend , and contend until victorious .

      If this view of the future be conect—and time will fell—the working men of Europe generally , who have so great an interest in the progress of their Frencti brethren , need not despair becam ? of the infamous proceedings of tbe National Assembly . It was not enough that that Assembly had proscribed its most htnest members ; extinguished the liberty of the press ; crushed the popular associations ; excited civil war ; substituted trial by court-martial for trial by jury ; decreed the transportation of thousands if unhappy workaen ; re-imposed odieus acd grinding

      taxes ; repealed ths revolutionary decree fwrhecurtulmentef the hours of lab . ur ; abandened Poland ; betrayed Italy , and degraded France in the eyes of all the nations of Europe—all these acts of treason to the Republic , were seemingly thought not enough to render the counter-revolution sufficiently marked ami offensive . Another' step into the wrong' was deemed necessary to make the deceived workmen mere keenly feel their humiliation , and , at the same time , gratify the insolence of the bourgeoisie ; that step . has been taken , in the insulting erasure from the n . -iw Constitution of the declaration of the droit du

      trti vail—the ' right to labour . ' The Revolution tf February was effected for the avowed purpose of obtaining aooial regeneration The Prcvwional Government—as I have sfcown in former Jetterf .-declared that ' the Revolution , having been accompiithed by thepeople , ought to be accomplished for the people . ' That government also ' guaranteed an existence to every one through labour—work to every citize . n . ' Upon theee principles , the Revolution of February was baaed ; upon opposite principles the A ; ssa * Wy has voted the erasure of the droit du travail fron . " the preamble of the Constitution . The counter-revolution is complete . '

      In the debates on this question , the man vtho cut themost ^ contemptible figure was decidedly Laiiartine . If ha has not succeeded in renderiag himself acceptable to the enemis . s of tbe Republic , hie failure has ma been caused by wavtcf effjrt rn his part to juggle away the principles o , the February revolution . Undsr the pretence of attacking Communism , ' Li-XARTisB contrived to unsay . all tbe pledges given by the Provisional Government to the workmen . In his fitst speech en this subject , tiMs well-fed ar . stocrat charged on the advocates of tht rights of labour , that ' they abandoned the spiritualising tendency of the Revolution , to pursue miserable questions of eating and

      drinking , of capital and of netb revenue . M . Maimed , in developing his amendment in favour oi the right to labour , well said that the «« ' mistrable questions of eaiing and drinking were the ^ reatcausee of revolutions . One of the majnrity exclaiuied , ' that is the doctrine of savages . ' You see ho » refined thess men ot property are when the questionin debate is tbe workman ' s stomach ; but touch their means of ' eating and drinking , ' jm would see hw soon they would become ' savages . ' The character of Lamartire ' s speech will ba fully understood , when it is added , that on descending from tbe tribune , the majority hai'ed bim with _ loud acclamations , and 'Odilloh Barrot made himself conspicuous by the

      Warmth Of His Admiration.' This Was A Ve...

      warmth of his admiration . ' This was a very proper return for the declaration that he ( Lauartine ) adored property ! More than one correspondent of tho London papers has asserted that in tho elections which have just taken place , Lamartine has given his support to Marshal Bugeaud ? Boobaud , whose hands K Ied Wlth tue Dlooa Of DoLiNO-DoPdST DB lEdbb ' s adopted son 1 Bdobaud , the hero butcher of the Rue Transnonain massacre ! Buoeaud , whose Algerian cruelties have excited the disgust and indignation of every people on the face of the earth ! This fellow , lately Loins Philippe ' s bravo , and now fold to tho Legitimists , has tho support of Lamartine ! Can it be true ? Is Lamartine determined to win for himself the reputation of being tbe great traitor of 1818 ? ' How are the mighty fallen ! ' 6 '

      The ' great gun' ofthe debate on the Labour Question , was the notorious Thiers , who gave utterance to a string of fallacies respecting propeity , competition , civilisation , & c , which—thanks to tbe political economists—wo , in this country , are too well acquainted witb . I would ; 'ngage to find in every milt m Manchester , and every weaver ' s shop in Macclesfield , men who , though they have never harangued to listening senates , would , nevertheless , astonish Monsieur Thiehs by utterly confuting all his wonderful facts . ' To say nothing of others , I wish Joun West , the weaver , Jambs Leach , the factory . worker or Samuel Kydd , the shoemahr , had a chance of drubbing M . Thiers ; 'I gues-V they would make everlasting smash' of his political economy .

      In the space within whioh I must limit these remarks , it is not possible for me to follow Thiers , each sentence and fallacy seriatim . I must , for the present , limit my notice of his oration to a point or two thereof . Like Lamartise , Thiers asserts , that wherever property U beat protected , there the people are moat free , prosperous , and happy . If these statesmen had said , that in all countries these classes whose property wag protected , were most free and prosperous , I could admit the truth of their assertion . For it is true that—in this country for instance—the man who possesses property , is both politically and socially free ; and the very possession of property implies ' prosperity . But those who have no property but their labour , and

      which property is not protected , how do they fare ? Are they free and prosperous ? If any onoassertsso I deny the truth of that assertion . Tho entire political syslem of this country , national and municipal , is based upon property qualifications . The masses are politically outlawed . Socially the slavery of the people is still more intolerable . The workman is dependant , week by week , for the bread of his children , upon the good-will or caprice of his employer . To want work is to die—or at least to g iffer tho degradation ot seeking , but not always finding , barely sufficient at the workhouse to keep body and soul together . The black slave labours for tie profit of another under the fear of the scourge ; the white slave p # rforms the behests of his master

      nader terror of starvation . I hope to have other opportunities ot going fully into this question . I hjpe to provo the veritable slavery of the masses uider the present system , and to be able to make ths means of their emancipation 'char as the sun at noon-day . ' It fa not against the protection of property I contend , but against its unequal protection . Unlerthe laws of England a workman who mar steal a pennyworth of greasy rags from the factory of a millocrat may be sent to prison as a felon j but the law has no punishment for the employer who , at his own caprice , and for his own profit , reduces

      the wages of a thousand' hand * ' sixpence or one shilling weekly , thus pocketing twenty-five or fifty pounds weekly , over and above regular profits . Manufacturers could be named , who having contributed aliundred pounds to the League Fund to promote ' Free Trade , ' took the moans just stated to re imburae themselves , which they did , accordingito the number of the hands they employed , in two . or three , or four weeks'tirae ; and even when they had made eocd their outlay , in the cause of ' no monopoly , ' they did not raise wages again . The plunder was sweet and they stuck to it ; indemnifying their ' hands' with the jorom / ssof' ckeap bread . '

      " God and _ Society told man ' work , work , and you wilt receive tho l eward of your labour . Tho produce Of your toil shall bo your patrimony and that of your children . '" Thus paid Thiers . But the reverse is notoriously the case , 'f he men who do work have no patrimony . The schimersand idlers of society divido amongst themselves the patrimony created by , and whioh of right belongs to , the labourers . Thiers was singularly unfortunate in ono of his illustrations ofthe blessings of competition . He showed that , owing to the introduction of machinery , the cotton fabrics of India were no longer re quired by Europe ; on the contrary , the cottons manufactured in Europe had destroyed the India manufacture . This he professed to regard as a great triumph for humanity . He forgot to tell hia applauding auditors , that © ne great result of that triumph had been tho literal extermination of the Indian workers . But this is not all ; notwithstanding

      that articles of cotton maoufacture can now be produced so cheap , that even the rice-fed Indian cannot compete with ihe English manufacturer , still thousands of Englishmen have no sufficient supply of these wonderful cheap cottons . The same is true of France . It is in vain that Tiiieri gabbles over his cuBningly arranged statistics to prove tho cheapness of manufactures , the nominally higher wages of a few particular trades , and the greater amount of artto'es of use and luxury consumed by the nation in the aggregate ; his figures cannot confute the appalling lact , that along with the growth of what is called ' national greatness , ' there continually marches tho misery ofthe masses . To fully show this I should need columns , but one fact—well known to Monsieur Thiers— will suffice to answer his fallacies . The barricades of June were manned by tbe vic ihns of the system he so much admires , and on their banners ran tbe

      inscription'Le Travail on la Mart /' Here is a second fact , as reported by the Times correspondent in that paper of this day , Sept . 21 st : — In aid of political discontent very serious reflections aro sugfejted by tbe situation of the poorer and worklog classes . Misery exists to a greater extent than is generally bniwn , and the want of cmploym nt throws on the streets thousands of athletic and destitute men . It is truly melancholy to witness what passes every du ; at four or five o ' clock on tho Piece du Carrousel . In tho part of the building formerly occupied by Ihe

      Etat Major of the National Gaards is stationed a battalion of a regiment of thj lino . They dine at five o ' clock . Long before that hour may be eeen congrcgated round the steps leading to the barrack , thirty or forty & ea and youths , waiting to receive a panion of tbeir rations , which the poor soldiers generously divided with them , and it is paiaful o witness the avidity with which their doaaliona ate swallowed . This obiious misery and want of employment must X > 3 at tended to and relieved or obviated somo way or other , or we shall have a veri unpleasant winier of it .

      If Thiers requires a third fact , he has it in the elections just terminated . Since the first part ei this letter was written , later intelligence leaves scarcely adoubt of the election of at least one of . the Red Republics candidates , and the very near election ot two more . And this in spite of the massacre , transportation , and imprisonment of thousands of the democratic workmen ; in spite ofthe lies of ihe press , and the intimidation exercised by the government and the bourgeoisie . If even only one ' Red' candidate is elected , I will make two predictions—1 st , as I have above said , that ' Universal Suffrage' will be aisailed by tho organs of the bourgeoisie ; acd 2 nd , —

      that the enemies of the prolitaws will plot another insurrection , for the purpose of bringing about another massacre , and again ' striking terror' into the hearts of the ouvriers , I will add a third prediction , that if General Cayaignac hesitates at going ' the whole hog' with the bourgeoisie he will be flung overboard , and Chanqarkibr , Buosaud , or Louis Napoleon—whichever oi the three may bethought most likely to act nn the witches' advice to Macbeth— ' be bloody , bold , and resolute , ' will be adopted as the ' defender of order , ' that is the nominal chief of the nation , but really the tool ofthe bourgeoisie !

      God save the woiking men of Franco from the machinations of their enemies . ' Vivo la Republique democratiqueetBOoiale !' L'Am bv Peuple , September 2 ! st , 1848 .

      The Fren Ch Harvest.—The Harvest Has Bee...

      The Fren ch Harvest . —The harvest has been an excellent and a bountiful cne . The vintage will be in quality superior to that of 1816 , and indeed toanj known during many jeore . In quantity it will not fca more than an average ono , but this is not re f , retted , as the superabundance of last year's vintage was astonishing , and even embarrassed the wine

      growers . A Child Cnr / fHED toDbath .-Oh Wednesday Mr Baker held an inquest at the North Country Pink , Rpperaakers -walk , Limehouse , on the bdy of Catherine Meaghan , aged three years . On Monday afternoon last the de-aased was playing iu Forestreet , Limehouse , very narrow street , allowing only one carriage to pass at a time , when a cart approached her , and the only way she had of savinz herself was by getting behind a post . As she was doing this the wheel struck her head , and completely smashed it against the post . The poor child was of course billed upon the spot . The jury relumed a verdict of'Accidental death . '

      DESPERATB SUICIDB FROM LOSSES GN THE UTE Si Lkgeb — On Wednesday morning , a young man named Norman Howard , aged twenty-one , lately rea ding m oOhE-stroot , Tottenham Court-road , having been out during the night of Tuesday , visiting the different saloons and other places of nocturnal rewrt , got into a cab at the Regeni ' s-circus , Piccadilly , and , placing the muzzle of a pistol in his mouth , blew out bis brains . The deceased , who bad held a very lucrative situation m a large tailor ' s firm , had , du-ing the last few days , exhibited a great depression of « piricr , owing to somo heavy losses consrquent apon speculations on the recent St Leger , at Donoaster ,

      Letter To The Right Hon. The Earl Of Cla...

      LETTER TO THE RIGHT HON . THE EARL OF CLARENDON ON TBE PRESENT STATE OF IRELAND . By Robert Owes . „ , Loudon , 17 th Sept , 1848 . My Lord , ^ Permit me , owing to the extraordinary crisis in which we live , to request your calm attention to the printed proof enclosed , being explanatory of part progress of measures intended to be submitted to the British Government .

      To those who interest themselves in the improvement and safety of society , it is evident that Ireland , Great Britain , and Europe generally , are in a state of rapid revolution , and if a decisire , new direction , in principle and practice , cannot be given to it , endless disorder , with great and increasing loss of life and property , must ensue . If not from the statesmen of Great Britain , where is aid to be looked for , to find a practical remedy for evils which threaten to overwhelm the civilised world ?

      Surely , there will be found sufficient moral courage among our statesmen and men of business in the British isles , to probe the cause of the evil to its foundation , and to apply the only remedy which can effect a cure . At the commencement of your Lordship's Government of Ireland , I sent you , by Mr Pare , a work published twenty-five years since explanatory of the cause of the evils of Ireland , and a plain , straightforward , practical remedy , given in outline , and most minute and accurate detail .

      The incessant business of this extraordinary crisis has , no doubt , in the fulness of daily pressing official duties , prevented your Lordship from reading , much less from maturely investigating , a work that requires mueh study and great investigation of the statements and calculations there made to give permanent and most beneficial employment to the Irish population . This , my Lord , is what you must come to if Ireland is to bj valuable to Great Britain , or not a grievoui burden and dangerous enemy to every administration . And it had better come to that at once , for the longer the delay , the worse will be the effects produced .

      If the measures had been adopted which the work mentioned recommended in 1822-S , how many millions of wealth would have been saved ? How many millions of new wealth would have been created ? How many millions of lives made valuable would have been saved from famine ? How many millions of crimes prevented ? How much substantial power would have been added to the empire , and through the

      example of Ireland , in what different condition and position would Europe now be ? To that work , written twenty five years ago , and which is as correctly true to-day as when written , I again beg to refer your lordship for sound practical measures , based on true princip les . That which has passed is unavoidable , but it is never too late to abandon false principles and injurious practices for those which are true and beneficial .

      Bad as the state of Ireland has been allowed to become , it is practicable even yet to raise it to a state of permanent prosperity . Oannot a Government be now formed by a fusion of parties with sufficient strength and moral courage to carry practical measures ot urgent necessity through both Houses of Parliament , when those measures shall be demonstrated to be equal to the task now required , not only for the good government of Ireland , but for all Europe ?

      The proceedings which occur daily in the National Assembly of France , and in the Germanic National Assembl y in Frankfort , are demonstrable proofs that the statesmen of Europe are unequal to the new position which society is about to take from a necessity unavoidable j and that France , Germany , Italy , and other parts of the Continent , are utterly at fault what measures to recommend , and they look to Great Britain for advice and aid to overcome their new and daily increasing difficulties .

      A party cannot longer govern Europe , or any one nation in it ; there must be now national Governments , based on true principles , and the whole people must be governed for the benefit at least of the majority , even at the commencement of the change . Is it not practicable now to form a strong government for the British empire to be composed of the most efficient members of all parties , who could act together on neutral ground , as the old must be from necessity abandoned ?

      This neutral ground may be made easy of practice , and consistent for the cordial cooperation of all parties , without being chargeable with error for a coalition on such principles for such objects . All that would be required from such administration , would be to have sufficient moral courage to adopt principles of nature unassailable from any quarter , and practice in accordance with them that would be permanently beneficial and most profitable for all , from the highest to the lowest .

      Permit me , for the sake of humanity , suffering most uselessly throughout Europe , to urge upon your lordship , in connexion with the most advanced of British statesmen , the necessity of leading and directing the revolution from wrong to right , which is now unavoidable over the civilised world , and to effect the change in peace , and with wise foresight . It is now too evident that the National Assemblies of France and Germany have nothing but old exploded aristocratic or democratic measures to bring forward , all totally useless for the period which has arrived ; the last hope amidst the present anarchy of nations for the change to be effected wisely and in peace , is in a strong British national administration .

      1 have the honour to remain , faithfully , the friend of humanity , and your lordship ' s servant , ROBEBT OWJEX .

      Preseint And Future State Of Europe. Par...

      PRESEiNT AND FUTURE STATE OF EUROPE . Part IV . No one who thoroughly understands society as it is—who fully comprehends the causes of its evils and the sufferings which they produce to humanity , can desire its longer continuance , or not wish , ardently , for a radical ^ change ; especially if it can be effected with order , in peace , and beneficially for all . This change would have heen made long ago , had not the middle and upper classes been afraid that it would place them in a worse position than they now possess .

      This fear has arisen chieJly from two causesthe first is the very injudicious manner in which , through detective knowledge , the change has been advocated , and the want of experience in the attempts to force it into practice before the public were convinced of its advantages or before the parties were prepared with the requisite capital and means to ensure its success . The second is , the misapprehension of the upper and middle classes as to its principles and their results in practice , and especially of the truth and value of the neiv fundamental principle on which the proposed change is founded .

      These fears and this misapprehension and ignorance must he overcome and removed by those who advocate the change and are deeply impressed with tiie magnitude of its future advantages to the human race . The transition state must , therefore , ! he made easy of execution , and introduced without injury to existing interests ! interests which have been created , not by living individuals but through the ignorance of our inexperienced ancestors , who , ! misled by their imagination of first impressions , adopted the

      fake system from winch so largo a portion of the human race are at this hour cruelly and needlesslyjsuffering . The transition proposed is , to enable society to pass , peaceably and most advantageously , from a false and injurious , to a true and most beneficial , state of human existence j yet to pass so gradually that no existing interests should suffer during the progress of change , but , on the contrary , every interest , artificial as they are , may thereby be made , more prosperous , in consequence ofthe manner in which the change is proposed to be effected . It will be asked how are these promises to be fulfilled ?

      This is an important question at this crisis of European affairs— Great Britain , Ireland , France , Germany , Italy , - in fact , all Europe as well as the United States of North America , are anxiously awaiting the solution of this problem . To understand the answer required , it is necessary to keep in mind what is to be accomplished by passing through the transition state proposed-It is to attain anew creation of well-devised arrangements on new sites , properly chosen for health . These new arrangements are to be so combined

      as—1 st . —To create the greatest amount of the most valuable wealth , in the shortest time , with the least capital and labour , and with the most pleasure to the producers and benefit to the consumers , and creating wealth more than sufficient / or all . 2 nd . —To distribute the wealth , so created , the most advantageously and economically for all . 3 rd . —To form from birth a superior physical , mental , moral , and practical character / or all , acuouUng to their natural organisation . 4 th . —To govern beneficially for all , without the false stimuli of individual rewards and

      punishments , but through a new stimulus of a continued life of excellence and happiness for all . 5 th . —To effect these apparently wonderful results , by gradually superseding the present degrading , inferior , vicious , and criminalcreating circumstances — now everywhere abounding—by those only which are superior for creating and distributing wealth , forming character , and governing . '

      6 th . —And to effect these changes without prematurely disturbing the existing order of society , or in any way interfering with existing private property , family arrangements , or any of the various contending religions of the world , and , in fact , without producing injury or evil to any one , from the highest to the lowest . To carry into execution the arrangements competent to effect these results , will be found , on reflection , to be the great business of life , and the fair and full investigation of these subjects to be the most important to which the British Parliament , the Congress of America , the National Assembly of France , and the Germanic National Assembly in Frankfort , can now direct their attention ,

      Hitherto , these Assemblies , to which the population of the civilised world is looking for sound knowledge , and for the adoption o £ means to prevent poverty , disunion , and crime , have occupied themselves in vainly attempting to effect an impossibility . They are , even now , wasting their efforts to produce a permanently happy and rational state of human existence , based on an eternal falsehood , which , while it

      shall be ignorantly maintained , will render every change they make to effect their object fruitless and of no avail , While they shall blindly pursue this course , as well may they expect to gather grapes from thorns , as to succeed in producing true and good results in practice , from a false and vicious fundamental principle , on which all their laws and institutions are and have heen based .

      Until society , acting through the authorities of the leading nations of the so-called civilised world—although it is yet not half civilisedshall openly abandon this now glaring falsehood—this demon of the human race—this father of all lies , and destroyer of the germs of charity in , all made to receive it—the world must continue , through a glaring , and now palpable , everlasting falsehood , lobe made one

      great lunatic asylum , in which all are always talking and acting in direct opposition to their own well-being and happiness , ( while now , with the abundant power and materials at the control of society , were this falsehood abandoned , it would be most easy to adopt new measures , on the only true fundamental principle given by nature to man , that would ensure knowledge , union , wealth , goodness , and happiness to all .

      But the population ofthe world need not be over anxious or doubtful on this subject , for the time has arrived when no earthly power can much longer maintain this gross falsehood ; a falsehood which makes the strong man the oppressor of the weak , and a monster of iniquity and hypocrisy , although by such conduct he destroys his own hi ghesthappiness , as well as the progress and happiness of those he oppresses . The transition from the false to the

      truefrom anarchy to order—from all that is inferior and evil—to all that is superior and good , has been made to be the object of terror to the authorities and rich men of the world . It is like the ghosts of old , or the Satan of the so long deluded mentally weak ; let moral courage be given to them to look the fancied p hantom of transition' fairly in the face , and like the ghosts and Satan of the frightened and timid , this new-made bugbear will be discovered to be mere monsters of disordered imaginations , of minds trained to be afraid to examine facts , and investigate truths , although to them and their children these facts and truths will prove to be of the highest impor « tance to be known and ascertained .

      Let these poor deluded tinvd persons , now so numerous in every rank of life , be encouraged to look at this transition state of society without these ghost-like fears , and they will soon perceive that instead of its being a monster of error and wickedness—as their wronginformed instructors have made them believe —that it is true and good , and will ultimately prove to be the salvation of the population of the world , from its present overwhelming anarchy and confusion , and be the means of establishing order , wisdom , and permanent prosperity throughout all the nations of the earth . Robert Oven Loudon . Sent . 20 . ? . & £ ? .. ¦

      Tonmonnsn.—The Land Members Will Mcot In...

      TonMonnsN . —The Land members will mcot in the Chartist-room , under Ilardacre Clopger , near t a York Tavern , on Monday night , Sept . 25 th , at eight o ' clock . Iveston . —The members of this branch are requested to attend the quarterly meeting in the school * room , on Monday ntxt , when business of great importance will be brought before them , and the local expenses will be due . Carlisle , —The quarterly meeting of the National Charter Association will be held at No . 6 , Johnstreet , Caldewgate , on Monday evening , Sept 25 % at eight o'clock .

      Mr Kidd will lecture at 83 , Sean street , Soho , on Sunday , the 24 h instant , at half-past seven precisely ; Subject : — ' Tbe Four Pi'lars of the State , National GreiJtnesa , « W— Mr Kydd will also lecture in tho John-street Institution on Tuesday Evening next , at eight o ' clock i recieely . Subject : — ' England ' s com . mercial and trading aristocracy ; wealth of nations misery of people ; Free Trade—its principles and effects ; cheapness its tendency , ' A Gband Cokcsrt , ( the proceeds cf whioh will be given to Mrs Bez-ir ) , is to be held in the Milton street

      Theatre on Tuesday evening nextat halfrpast o ' clock . The programme teen distinguished voeal and ers . The situation of Mrs lurly distressing . It is ChartUts of London will mu 8 sion . The charges of admission the usual scale . LouonBOBocoH . —The mem pany will meet at the Wheat ing , September 24 th , at six Association , at the same plape ing , the 25 ch inst ., at eight o ' hw ootou

      , Seven Includes T^E^Jnws^Sixin»Trifiife...

      , seven includes t ^ e ^ Jnws ^ sixin » trifiifem $ 7 > eif / own .. Btzsilfamiiy-ii- ' peotf . therefcro ^ pedfthar •^ bft . te ^ itrOTg ^ n ^ hi ? 'occ ' ^ f wprjbe : ^ tip . fc '\ b ' iloV ^' ~ j _ j ; r % 0 ' ' ' ;¦ ¦ ¦ ' ¦ ' ^ bgrs pf tfce-Jjited ¦ Com . Sfteatlibfl Snaday eyen ^ ' oWoo ^ i ^ fh ^ Ohartist * ' , iorfc'fti $ B - efeck . \^ - ^—< '' / x ^ M v-L ' »« -.., ** **" y *»«» ludjs tJie ^ jinwS ^ flixin » tMfn ? en » lffiif / o } toi EMiifamfl >; 7 i- ; peou ; . S S ; efcre ^ ped ftha r' ^* Q £ - ef-atrHn } f { onw 9 'OCCsl- - V " vr in wyrjbe ^ tip . h , : b ' < lo > j &'} £ c fe ] rf : tte-iSad ijMji / 'f * - "f lL heatiiit / nSnndayevmi- ^ ^ j &' Woo ^ i ^ f ^ Ohartist X XI pe , ! orfc'ftJ $ Bday' 4 vea . ^ W jieck . •> - — ¦<''/ " " ^^ JL ^ '

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), Sept. 23, 1848, page 5, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns2_23091848/page/5/