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4 .; THE NORTHERN STAR, - AgMt 24, 1841
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JUST PUBLISHED , No. 4, (price 6tL) of
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THE NORTHERN STAR SATURDAY, APRIL 2*. 1847.
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MAY SPORTS, 0 LD ND NEW. Old England—Que...
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THE GREAT CONSTITUTION-MONGER. When we f...
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THE BURGHEAD FISHERMEN. We are glad to s...
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PARLIAMENTARY REVIEW. NATIONAL EDUCATION...
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The Factories Bill went through another ...
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The Lords are preparing for the contest ...
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( Eo *tea&ers; & Corresfpoirter te
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LlOit, NOTICE.—Since the Law Department ...
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Transcript
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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4 .; The Northern Star, - Agmt 24, 1841
4 . ; THE NORTHERN STAR , - AgMt 24 , 1841
Just Published , No. 4, (Price 6tl) Of
JUST PUBLISHED , No . 4 , ( price 6 tL ) of
Ad00408
THE LABOURER , Htmluiy iw ^ axins of Politics , literature , Poetry , it Edited by Fisegc ; - OYsamoi . Esq ., ahd Emmt Jjkbs , Esq ., ( Barrittecs-at-I . aw . ) Th" Dem ,- -. tic Movement in this country being vt holly * deficient ir ... monthly organ , the above map *« " " » ' £ U Wished t « rr : u-dythU deficiency . *^^ J 5 ££££ p > price Kitha . «« reach of all . yet ^ l ^ ^ " - ! T « 2 vTc « tr . pcrit .. r * , it embraeesthe momng f »^ res - - 1 iZ-Ti ! r . L WD AND THE LABOURER , or the progress s & l »»» ks « » Si 5 sJsa ssssg & tea feTlifeJ V $£ ! « Ieo f allottees on the land , and the ., ¦ , TH ^ l'i % OW OF T « E TT ORKKG CLASSES fll"Ll V . ' n source hitherto carefully hidden from -ttTrubH . ' m narrating the encroachments on their rieh-s ar .. i -liewitdaad darins insurrections , hy which thtV '" us- v .-Mired to regain them . —being a lesson for theVa-ore , derivedfrom th « past . * * —POLITICS OF THE DAY , comprising the slate of Eop laad and , Ireland , the Chartist and Trades' Moveme nt , an ::: nlysis of proceedings in Parliament , and a ran mar ? <•? news at home snd abroad . I 5 . —POKTHY AND ROMANCE , since these are impor tanr braiK-hrf of educational progression ; and some of the fir-: t Ucinncratic authors have undertaken to furnish narratiYv < i of intense and vivid interest Su < i < t-aWii-atlona will be reviewed as deserve tbe at ten i tkm oi tire I " ' . ' . ' > ple . * THB P 01 i . TR AIT of an eminent Chartist will accompany every sixth number . CONTENTS . A IUKaTISE ON THE SMALL PROPRIETORY SYSTEM , arm NATIONAL LAND AND LABOUR BANK . Shewins ; ; ke mode by which every Working Man may - - iecorae i « - -i ! -tj > -cd of a comfortable cottage , with a suffi-• • elent « manti ; j of Land to occupy him in producing all the comforu and necessaries of life for himself and family . Kos . I . a « o IIL are now re-printed , and may be had on • ¦ application . Ko . II . is n printing and will be ready next week , tetters ( pre-paid ! to be addressed to tbe I dltors , 16 teat Windmill Street , Haymarket , London . Orders received by all agents for the "Northern Star , " nd aU booksellers ia town and country .
Ad00409
Now Ready , a New Edition of MR . 'COHSOR ' S WORK ON SMALL FARMS To be had at the A' . TtVm Star Office , 16 , Great Wind mill Street : ^ nd of Abel fieywood , Manchester .
Ad00410
NOTICS ! ( JNITED PATRI 0 TS ~ AND PATRIARCHS ' BENEFIT SOCIETIES . Patron . —T . 8 . DtKcoxBE , Esq ., M . P . TTS answer t « the numerous inquiries of Agents , Mem-I here , and Correspondents , Notice is hereby given . Sat the Prospectus of the LAND and BUILDING BENEFIT SoCIETr requested , by them , to be brought into Co-operation with the above Institutions , is now ready for circulation . Within a few days the Rules Kill be submitted to tbe Certifying Barrister for Enrolment . Further information , prospectuses , & c , c-m be obtained at the office , or by letter prepaid , enclosing two postage stamps , directed to the Office of tbe Institutions , 13 , Tottsuhara-court New-road , St . Pancras , Loadon . Agents required in every part of Great Britain . ( By Ordtr ) Disiat William Rom , Secretary . » . » . j ) Ut , U . taetretarics and Members of the Chartist Land Conij / aiiy , are reqticsted to obtain information , ( which can be obtained by sending a stamp for postage , ) respecting the National Co-operative Benefit Society , of which Messrs Stallwood and Wilcox are joint Secretaries , before tkeainanyteau connect themselves with it .
Ad00411
IMPORTANT TO EMIGRANTS . AGRICULTURISTS and others may purchase 150 ACRES OF RICH TIMBERED LAND IN "WESTERN VIRGINIA , described by General Wash , tngton as the Garden of America , for £ 23 8 s . 8 d , Sterling-, ABOUT T 1 IKEE SHILLINGS PER ACRE . £ 2 12 s . cor / to be paid down , the remainder in FIVE ANNUAL PAYMENTS . For further information apply to CHARLES WILLMEK , American Land Office , STANLEY BCILDIVC 3 , BATH STREET , LIVERPOOL . Of whom may be had a Pamphlet on Emigration , in ylnxco these Lands are fully described , and the terms of ale explained , by sending three postage stamps to free the same .
Ad00412
IMPORTANT TO PHOTOGRAPHISTS . * X application was made on the 22 nd Enpt .-mber , to { % the Yice-ChauceHor of England , by Mr . Beard who , acting under a mostextraordiny delasw . i , considers himseift ] ie . < 0 k ;> atenf « of the Photographic pracess Mo restrain MB . ESBRTON , of l , Temple-striot , jad 14 ? , Fleet-street , rom taking Photographic Porti . t < is , which lie does by a process entirely different frou . and very eperior to Mr . Beard ' s , and at one-half the cl . ' rge . His Honour refused the application in toto . Ho license required to practice this process , which is tanght . by Mr . Egerton in a few lessons at a moderate ekargc AU tho Apparatus , Chemicals , < tc . to be had as usual » this Denot . l , Temple-street , 'A'hitefriars .
Ad00413
AUXILIARY TO THE NATIONAL LAND COMPANY . THE FOUNDER of the NATIONAL COOPERATIVE BENEFIT SOCIETY respectfully acquaints his 'brethren of the Land Company and his Brother Democrats in general , that his ocject in founding the Society was to aid and assist the National Land Company in its glorious efforts to emancipate the human race , by pouring funds into its exchequer , through the means of tbe NATIONAL LAND and LABOUR BANK ; but the adaption of the PEOPLE'S BANK has proved a death , blow to tie -enrolment of the Society . All enrolled societies since the passing of the New Friendly Societies' Act , being compelled to deposit their cash in tho Bank of England , and thus furnish the " sinews" to uphold a Standing Army , Police , Pensioners , & c , instead of aiding to regain the Land fur the People , and furnishing " Happy Honies for Honest Industry , " —the Founder believes his Brother Democrats will join with him in infinitely preferring the latter ; he . bas , therefore , with the full consent and approbation " of the Directors , resolved to issue tbe Rules uneurolled , and although they may lack that protection which the ' Registrar ' s" signature is presumed to give , he flatters himself the following securities will be suffi--eient to inspire confidence in the bosom cf every Democrat , and gain fur the project that support vrhich . will cause this Utile tributary stream ultimately to swell into a mighty torrent , flowing freely into The Great Land itveer : — First , —Its monies will be Banked with a duly Registered Company , through the National Land and Labour Bank . Secondly , —Its Directors and other officers are men en-Joying the full confidence of the people , and whose yrobity " and honesty have been duly tested by the members of the ¦ "National Land Company , " of which they are officeoearers . Thirdly , — Its Secret- ries and other officers will be elected annually by its members . Fourthly , —The Founder and General Secretary ( Mr Staliwooiw has been for eighteen years past , and still continues , the popular servant of the people , in addition to which he has for several years past , and still is em . S loyed as Reporter to the Aortftern Star , and Collector of lonies , by Mr Feabols O'Co . vsoa , to whom he proudly refers for Testimonials of character for honesty and integrity . The Society is now fairly launched and sent forth to the world . Rules , Cards , & c . are now ready to be issued , and those Agents , & r . who have not already obtained them , are requested : "' inform the General Secretary what quantity of Rules , A'c , they will require , and by what convenience they shall be forwarded . The Secretary or c his Assistant will be in attendance . at the Assembly Rooms , 84 , Deanstreet , Soho , erery Wednesday Evening , from ci ^ ht until ten o ' clock , to eurol n ' . embtrs and transact other bu >\ . ness . —All Persons desirous of immediate answers will much oblige by addressing their Letters ( pre-paid , with Stamp for answer ) to the Secretary , Little Vale-place , Hammersmith-road , Loudon . Thanking my Brother Landsmen and Democrats for the very warm , prompt , arsct cffic ent manner in which they have espoused my humbla project , I am , Brother Democrats , Respectfully yours , Educhd Stallwood . AsssmWy Rooms , 83 , Dean-street , Soho , April 7 th , 1817 .
Ad00414
TO TAILORS . THE LONDON AND PARIS SPRING AND SUMMER FASHIONS for 1817 , are now ready , by BENJAMIN READ and Co ., 12 , Hart-street , Bloomsbury square , London ; and by G . Berger , Holywell-stm-t , Strand . May be had of all booksellers wheresoever residing . By approbation of her Majesty Queen " Victorin -and H . B . H . Prince Albert , a Splendid Print , beautifully coloured , and exquisitely executed , tbe whole very superior to anything of the kind ever before published . This beautiful print will be accompanied with the most fashionable , foH sixe , Frock , Dress , and Riding Coat Patterns—a complete Paletot , much worn in the Spring as an over -coat—and a youth ' s new , fashionable Hussar J- ^ cket , with skirts—the manner of cutting them for all sizesfoil explanation for variation of stj ! e and method of making-up—with five diagrams , clearly illustrated-and all necessary information respecting style and fashion . Price 10 s ; post free to any part of England , Ireland , Scotland , and Wales , Its . Post-office orders , or post ttasms received as cash . Read and Co . 's System , of Cutting , price 35 s—Patent Measures , 8 s the Set—Patterns to measure , of every de . « cristion , pust free to any part of the kingdom , Is each . The Method for Cutting Gaiter Trousers , with twelve plates , price , post free , 2 s 6 d . —Busts for fitting Coats on Boys * figures . —Foremen provided . —Instruction in Cut ting complete , for all kinds ofstyle and fashion , which can be accomplished in an incredibly short time , but the pupil may continue until he is fully satisfied
Ad00415
BALDNESS EFFECTUALLY REMOVED . A SURG EON residing iu Cork having , in the course of his Practice , had hi * attention particularly directed to , and acquired great experience in the TUE-VtMBJJT OF CAPaLARr DISEASES , begs to inform those persons afflicted with BALDNESS ( whether in youth or adrS 5 n . ?» may' ^ amost simple process , BEPROfLi £ * iT „ ?„ eces 8 a , 7 ornament . Parties applying will refe & w ^ ui ^^^ oc 4 er ' itt * w »» ofSurgeou Edward Williams . 13 , Henry-etreet . Cork : wheu the ne-• swaryinstruct *^ «&& forwatdkt > y returnofpost .
Ad00416
"MARTIN , THE FOUNDLING , " COMPLETE THE FAMILY HERALDof this Week containstte con . elusion of the above extraordinary Tale hr P ™ , „ . SM . Order No , 168 to 208 ; orpTSKs 'Xw rOLDMBof tbeFamUy fleraW wiH commence the fiS week in May . This is the most entertaining Bib most usefo , themostpopular . andunquestionK ^ b ^ t peri ^ M M edf 0 / ° . ne P 8 nn y' AU ^ ok 8 eUe s sTu K & fsuffidenltest ^ thU meritori -
Ad00417
I LsrVm ^ fV . BRE * 'EP . S . -Now discovered a new . ™ dS ^? £ L ?~ r f r ° , Su S ar an * Molasses , which Ti ?™^ . ^ trate , articl 80 f AlM < Porter , and Stout The process is tery simple , and effects a saving of Fifty Sfflt ah ??*^ r { TOm Ma , t - ™ ° Ale , & d ? h . fi . f „ f"T t 0 tte , art- lt Pr <™> n' » acidity ; it is the best and only system that can be depended on to enable Uie Brewer to brew throughout the year , without risk . —Full instructions will be sent Free , by return of Post , on the receipt of a Post-office Order , or otherwise , tor Us ., addressed to Mr Job * Taxi . oa , 8 , Fore-sttett , City , London .
Ad00418
WJ . FOX'S LECTURE ON THE NATIONAL EDUCATION QUESTION , delivered in Finsbury , the 18 th inst ., will be published in Howitt's Jovrhal on Wednesday next . This is the only authorised Beport . Also , F « E 8 Tbide Recollections—The G & keks . By Da Bommso , M . P . ; and a Splendid Engraving from Kaulbach .
Ad00419
NOTICE . The Shareholders of the NATIONAL LAND COMPANY are hereby informed that A GRAND DEMONSTRATION Will take place at O'CONNORTILLB , HERTS , On Whit Monday , May 21 th , 1847 , To commemorate the Anniversary of the Company The Directors not having succeeded in obtaining a special train from London for the occasion , theMetropo ! htan members are recommended to proceed to the estate ll hnS £ v ^ ' ' ticket ' a " from Wfctflwd « £ be had at Euston-square station for 2 s . 6 d . each . The branches will make their own arrangements immediately . Jt ^ ^! ° i vUce V 8 tartin S for vans and other vehicles will be announced in a future notice . Br OflDEB or ths Dibecioss .
Ad00420
OBSERVE . AU correspondence , reports of public meetings , Chartist and Trades' Intelligence , and general questions , must be addressed to Mr C . J . Haskei , "Northern Star Office , " 16 , Great Windmill Street , London . J 8 T All reports of meetings holden in- any part of England on the Sunday , must be at thh office by Tuesday ; reports of meetings held on the Monday must be at tbe office by Wednesday . This rule is for " Tradrs , " as well as " Chartist" and " Land Company " meet ' ngu . Notices of " Forthcoming Meetings , " and correspondecce requiring answers , must be at the office by Wednesday , at the latest . "Letters" commenting on public questions , intended for insertion in full , most be at the office by Tuesday . The communicationa of correspondents not attending to the above regulations will stand orer .
Ad00421
Early in'M ay , price fid . (" printed from the Short-hand Writer ' s Notes , ) rp HE TRIAL OF THE MECHANICS AT LIVERPOOL ¦ *¦ on the 2 nd and 3 rd of April 1817 ; with Narrative , Notes , Cases , & c , and an Abstract of the Indictment . Edited by W . P . Roberts , Esq . Manchester :, Abel Hey wood , Oldham-street ; and all Booksellers .
The Northern Star Saturday, April 2*. 1847.
THE NORTHERN STAR SATURDAY , APRIL 2 * . 1847 .
May Sports, 0 Ld Nd New. Old England—Que...
MAY SPORTS , 0 LD ND NEW . Old England—Queen Bess—the May Queen—and the Dance on the Green ave often been vaunted by poet and historian , who were fond of depicting Elizabethan England as a scene of Arcadian pleasures . Of the beneficent sway and virgin innocence of the good Queen Bess , Mary , Leicester and Essex , the slaughtered Irish and the executed Papists , could , no doubt , most abundantly tell . "We have read , too , of a stately Court-Pageant held on a
May-day by her virgin Majesty at Greenwich , and that the lordly courtiers made rather too free with the rustic Queen of May , whereupon the English Queen , waxing jealous , reproved them , and even boxed my Lord of Oxford ' s ears , a pugilistic predilection which she was wont to esiuce on more than one occasion , as Lord Essex also practically experienced ; but notwithstanding these May-festiwties of the olden time " like us not , " they lack the true spirit of festivity—freedom . There was abundance of good cheer—but it was the
vassals'joy at the master ' s alms . Even this faint echo of olden jollity has faded away—and the only relic of these national festivities has dwindled : nto an old lady ' s annual breakfast to chimney sweeps ! It was reserved for Democracy to renew May-day merriment , on a holier ground and from a purer source than that from which it ever drew its inspirations . Instead of being the short saturnalia in which Labour forgot Us penalty of Poverty , and rank condescended into a temporary equality of amusements , ( a satire upon class-distinction , )
we look forward to a National Festiyal . commemorative of Labour ' s triumph , ' and the assertion of Man ' s equality , when the Chartist Freemen take possession of their promised Land . It is more thau the land of which that day will hold out a realized promiseit is the guarantee of a new era in man ' s social and political existence . Iu another part of this Number will he found the speech of the Prussian King on granting his new Constitution . He inveighs bitterly against the idea of a piece of paper , thrusting its
pale face between himself and his prerogative , while he forgets that the best page on which to write the Charter of men ' s liabilities , is the soil of their native land . We have always held that the dead letter of a Constitution was a nullity , where the living spirit of freedom was not abroad among the people . Legislators carefully frame their Acts of Parliament so loosely , that it is commonly said a coach and horses may be driven through their every clauses ; but were tber even framed with all the strictness with which
the expounders of that Jaw can bind the unfortunate victim who falls into their clutches , Monopoly would still find means to turn and twist tbcm to its purposes , where not deterred by the determined attitude of the people themselves . The palladium of the British Constitution is but a golden armour for the rich against the poor ; and the only security for the observance of justice , is the power to enforce it . That power cannot support itself on air ,- —an abstract principle , though it can never die , may subside into a negative existence ; it requires the
corporeal reality to in due it with action , to give it the power of bearing forcibly on the phases of society . As a great thought is lost without the tongue to speak and the hand t 0 execute , so does a popular movement , based upon a great political truth , need similar practical agency ; the slave requires a moment's respite from despair to collect his energies , and frame his plan for the campaign against Monopoly ; he wants a place of shelter , where to recruit his strength and gain breathing-time in the struggle . This is given him in
the Laud . We look on every Chartist farm as . an oasis in the desert of Monopoly ; where those , who are not yet themselves on the promised Land , may gain fresh courage for their pilgrimage : ' It is a focus for Democracy—since the gossips at the cottage door will talk of tbe past and present , —compare what they suffered at the hands of other ? , what they won at their own ;— -while the passer-by
will say :-. " Whose are these beautiful cottages ?' and will be answered : " They are the homes ot men , who saved for their children and their children ' s children the money others have squandered at the beer-shop or the tobacconist ' s . " Then will he say to himself : — " Now I see at last that the hour of Monopoly has gone by ; working men are grown thrifty , frugal and united ; when the millions combine , it is time for their tyrants to tremble !"
And the foundation of all this will be our May festivity ' . —a festival of great joy , but ot mighty import as well— . Working men ' . do honour to the day : for it will be a saint ' s-day in Labour ' s calendar and a holiday ia the religion of Humanity !
The Great Constitution-Monger. When We F...
THE GREAT CONSTITUTION-MONGER . When we formerly asserted that Prussia would be the first despotic monarchy to receive a Constitution , we were not deceived as to the nature of the concession extorted from the hands of Prussian Royalty . We knew that the under . current of popular feeling was at work , bubbling slowly to the surface , and throwing up its sparkles in the Press . We watched the Autocrat , seated upon the hollow glitter of his throne , eyeing in turn the bayonets of his army , and the aspect of his people—and we saw it was merely a matter of time , as to how long the
worn-out fortress of Prerogative would be able to sustain the siege of young opinions . We beheld the monarch , Ike an insect on the brink of a precipice , alternately putting forth one feeler , then another ; first cautiously endeavouring to check the march of innovation by tbe hand of Power , then shrinking back terrified , and attempting to win an artificial popularity by the tongue of deceit;—an alternate dealer in bayonets and claptrap . At one time imprisoning men , because they dared to speak like such , and then buving the shouts of popular favour ,
by granting amneslies to those whom he should never have condemned ; now cowering back under the shadow of Russian supremacy ; then stepping forward into the light of German nationality , while the people were heaved to and fro , like a ship beneath an unsteady helmsman—now roused to anger , and then again lulled into confidence . But , although this game lasted long—too long—the wary king saw that the time for temporising was gone by ; the Press spoke out too plainly—the people might be deceived once too often—the hour had arrived for the next
great move in the drama of Kingcraft . We can well imagine the spirit in which the king framed his opening speech • he was obliged to mount and ride tbe horseRevolution . or be trampled under its feet ; but , after mounting , he endeavours to rein it back . At first he tells the Diet of " the noble edifice of representative freedom , " subsequently he informs them , they are not for a moment to imagine " they are to play the part of what are called representatives of the people . " He speaks as the " heir of an unweakened crown . " Did he not say to himself , " My crown IS weakened , or I should not be obliged
" to enact this farce to-day ? Ah ! my father was a " lucky man ! It is true , he promised the people a " Constitution , when Napoleon set his foot upon his " neck ; but when they had saved his throne , then he " refused compliance , and was fortunate enough to es" capeconstitution-freelHepreservedtheunweakened " prerogative ; but times have changed , and crowns " mustyield . France and England have got an " awkward knack of dealing summarily with refrac" tory kings ; Prussia may learn the trick ; and I " have no particular inclination to become a royal " martyr . Well—I shall succeed yet—bribery ,
" place-hunting , and patronage , will do my work as " well as the unweakened prerogative . " Bear witness , England —( the king alludes to England in his speech)—" where there is as glorious a despotism ' * as heart can desire : —bear witness , France , where " a Constitution leaves the king all his power , and " relieves him of all bis responsibility . Yes , —constitutions are the cards" for kings to play ;"—and thus Frederick William gave his subjects a Constitution ! Ah ! It is a sign of the times when kings are reduced to this extiemity ;—constitutions are extorted from despots , —and , grand proof of popular
progression and royal weakness ' . without a bayonet being reddened or cannon fired . True , the measure is but a mockery—it gives the Prussian people the glorious privilege of voting money whenever the king wants it , while , the latter may raise taxes without their consent , whenever he is obliged to resort to that last argument of kings , —the bayonet . But , though worthless in itself , it is of paramount im . portance as the herald of popular victory . Despotism maiutains its throne but by the hand of Force—prove that it is not invincible ; make it retrograde once , and it is lost for ever . This has been done in Prussia . No doubt every nerve will be
strained to exclude all democratic elements ; no doubt bribery and Government patronage will tell as powerfully in Prussia , as in France or England ; but ft will be only for a time . The bird of Liberty will hover near the nest it has once built for itself , and scare the tamed and dazzled eagle from the beautiful land it has made its prey . The king seems to have felt the truth of this when he says—I Know , certainly , that many will mistake and
despise this jewel—that to many it is not enough . A portion of the Press , for instance , demands outright from me and my Government a revolution in Church and State . * * * But Prussia , lentlemen—Prussia cannot bear such a state of things . Do you ask , why ? I answer , cast your eyes at the map of Europe—at the position of our country—at its component parts ; follow the line of our borders—weigh the power of our neighbours .
A significant hint that Russian bayonets or Austrian hussars would be brought over the confines by the first symptom of enfranchisement ; and his Majesty as significantly tells them—You are free to bring petitions and complaints , after mature deliberation , to the foot of the throne . Those are the rights , those are the duties of the German orders ; this is your glorious vocation . But it is not your province ' * to represent opinions , " or
bring opinions of the day or of this or ot that school into practical operation . That is wholly un-Germati , and , besides , completely useless for the goed of the community . I here give you my royal word that 1 should not have called vou together had I the smallest suspicion that yon would otherwise understand your duties , or that you had any desire to play the part of what are called representatives of the people .
This is frank , at least , —this is , indeed , a " glorious vocation . " It reminds us forcibly of th old gentleman who held a shilling out of one window of tbe postchaise , and a shilelagh out of the other , and told the postilion , — " You drive as I tell you , you shall have the shilling—if you don't , you shall have the shilelagh . " But we strongly suspect this Chamber of "Petitioners , " though it may be venial now , will gradually become imbued with more democratic elements , as the " pressure from without" begins to tell , and then it will neither care for the shilling , nor be afraid of the shilelagh . That Press is still at work , of which the king
says—I Jin a portion of it a dark spirit of destruction prevails—a spirit that entices to revolution , and that deals in tbe most audacious falsehood , disgraceful to German fidelity , and Prussian honour . May it go on exposing the " dark spirit of destruction / ' that inhabits thrones , —the " audacious falsehood " of " royal constitutions , " andibe truth of that great adage , PUT NOT YOUR TRUST IN PRINCES .
The Burghead Fishermen. We Are Glad To S...
THE BURGHEAD FISHERMEN . We are glad to see , by the following communica tion , that the first step in Scotland has been taken to arouse public sympathy on behalf of the poor Burghead fishermen , so cruelly ' and unjustly sentenced to transportation , for participation in tbe late famine riots in the North of . Scotland . / It is hot ill our power to give our correspondent any information or assistance , beyond the renewal of the offer we made on a former occasion , to throw our columns open for the benefit of these victims o ( Scotch law and aristocratical tyranny , for whom we feel sincere commiseration . We trust that the members of the Glasgow Committee will receive tbe immediate and efficient aid of their countrymen , in the prosecution of their praiseworthy enterprise . TO THE EDITOR OF TUB NORTHERN STAB . Sin , —Knowing that you take an interest in the subject of abused humanity , 1 write for the purpose of learning through you , or any of your readers in the North , the best method ot getting into communication with any one , who could and would give any information ot tbo character and condition of the
The Burghead Fishermen. We Are Glad To S...
four fishermen who wereasbort t . meBinceBen ^ nMd to amn years' transportation for fckwg anactire part in the late corn riotaat Boghead . My reason for requesting this « , beomBe * eommittee appointed in this city to use all the legal means iii their power to get ( tor ' punishment mitigated , are desirous of receinng further information about tbcm . I wrote to one of the clergymen ot Burghead about three weeks since , but , as yet . hare received no answer . If any friends of the victims will open up ajcorrespondence by addressing asunder , prompt attention will be paid to their communication . Yours , truly , Jons Wilms , Secretary . 23 , Moore-street , Glasgow , April 19 , 1847 .
Parliamentary Review. National Education...
PARLIAMENTARY REVIEW . NATIONAL EDUCATION » . THE GOVERNMENT
SCHEME . The mental destitution of England has superseded for the time being the Irish Famine in the House of Commons . Mr Duncombe ' s motion of Monday night , for referring the Government Scheme of Education to a Committee of Inquiry , has occupied almost the undivided attention of the House , with the exception of Wednesday , and it is not impro . bable , from the other amendments on the paper
that the subject will continue to occupy the Legislature for some time to come . The paramount importance of the question willfully justify any amount of time that can be bestowed on its consideration ; and whatever may be the immediate result of the discussion , it will no doubt tend to promote a clearer comprehension of the bearings of a subject which lies at the very foundation of national and individual well-being .
The aspect in which the question now presents itself in Parliament , if not altogether satisfactory , is still gratifying to those who have watched its progress . Many of our readers can , no doubt , remember the time when the idea of the working classes needing any education at all was scouted as being most absurd , preposterous , and even dangerous to the Constitution as by law established , by " noble lords" and " hon . members , " and all the idle classes who lived by preying upon industry . The permanency and security of our national institutions were supposed to be guaranteed by the ignorance , brutality , and debasement of the " lower orders . " So long as they could be made and kept " the great unwashed , " all was right with the classes who
basked in the golden sunshine of Church and State . We have lived | to see a great change of opinion among all classes on this . point . From whatever motives the avowal may spring , none now advocate ignorance as a social blessing—except , indeed , that peerless and enlightened City knight , Sir Peter Laurie , who lately , from the height of bis magisterial chair , assured the wondering auditors that education was the parent of crime , and that the increase of the one had multiplied the other ! With this famous exception , which , looking at the peculiar character of the worthy knight , may perhaps be taken , like all exceptions , to establish the rule—we repeat , all classes , however they may differ as to the mode of giving instruction , agree that education ought to be universal .
But at this point divergence takes place . One party takes its stand on the principle that the Government has no more right to interfere in education than in trade ; that , in fact , the instruction of the people ought to be regulated by the same principles of political economy as they apply to commerce , and that competition , voluntary effort , " buy in the cheapest and sell iu the dearest market , " are principles equally applicable to the manufacture of minds and the fabrication of cottons
and cutlery . Another and a larger party hold the opinion that voluntary effort is incapable of imparting either general or effective education . While admitting the utility of the voluntary principle in its own sphere , they agree that there are certain social necessities of the highest importance to physical health , mental cultivation , and moral ex cellence , which it is totally incapable of grappling with . The same reasons , they say , which make it necessary for men , by combined effort , to supply wafer , light , and drainage to towns , apply to the provision of education , by general and united exertion . Water , light , and puie air , are as requisite to physical health , as education is to mental : both can best be supplied by combined efforts and under a general superintendence .
At this point , however , a fresh difficulty arises , even among the supporters of this general principle of combined , instead of voluntary effort . Who shall have the superintendence of the National Schools ? The Church did claim the right , because it was a recognised and established portion of the Constition . It does not now take that ground , it asks only for its fair share of the superintendence ; that is , over
its own schools . The Dissenters , or at least that portion of them called Nonconformists , which excludes the Wesleyans and Roman Catholics , demur to even the exercise of that right , as calculated to put into the hands of the Church an instrument of proselytism , which may ultimately utterly subvert religious liberty in this country . That is , in brief , the point of dispute at the present moment in the House of Commons .
To us , the quarrel appears to originate altogether in a mistake , as to the true constitution and functions of National Schools . The duties of man to man , the knowledge how to perform these duties aright , the information requisite to form a uscfu citizen , come naturally under the cognizance of the State , which deals with the temporal and political welfare of society alone . Man ' s duty to God pertains to another sphere . The ethical problems of society are capable of solution ; the dogmas of theology are not . Whether the advance of knowledge will ever render them demonstrable , remains to be seen ; but .
at all events , we are justified in saying , that at present no man can demonstrate anything on those mysterious and deeply-interesting controversial topics , which have occupied men ' s minds for ages , and which are as far from settlement as ever . Belief we have plenty , assertion plenty ; and respect is due to all conscientious belief and conscientious assertion ; but it does not follow that because a man sincerely believes in a particular creed , that therefore that creed is right , or that you are to surrender up to htm your inalienable privilege of judging for yourself , or of permitting him to inflict what you deem an erroneous belief , on your child .
A National System of Education , to be advantageous to all sects and classes—to be in effect National must strictly exclude all mere dopiotic or theological instruction ^ and confine itself exclusively to secular education . Religious education falls entirely within the province of the professed teachers of Religion . It ought not to be introduced into the National Schools , because , in fact , such intrusion must necessarily destroy the distinctive character of such schools . The teaching of the creed of any particular sect must inevitably exclude from them the children of ( lie conscientious members of all other sects . You make sectarian , not universal institutions ; and the instruction itself makes bigots , instead of enlightened citizens .
There are , however , those who , admitting the general correctness of this reasoning , object to National secular schools , on political ' grounds . They sec , upon the Continent , proofs of the manner in which National Education is made subservient to the purposes of despotism , and perverted into an instrument for inflicting mental slavery , and political degradation ; and they fear that the establishment of a system similar in its machinery mi ght tend to the same result in this country . For these objections we have the highest respect , and did we believe that they were valid , should be the last to sayone word in defence of a National S ystem of Education ; but it appears to us , after having givan the i
Parliamentary Review. National Education...
matter the most mature consideration , that the ; cannot be sustained . The parties who urge them leave out of sight an essential element of the question . In the Continental Nations , whew National Education is established , the Government is more or less despotic , and rules the people . In England , on the contrary , the people rule the Government . Sir R . Peel ( no mean authority on this particular subject , ) has made the memorable declaration" That henceforth whatsoever party may have the direction of affairs , must govern in accordance with
public opinion . That opinion makes and unmakes majorities in Parliament—majorities in Parliament seat and unseat Ministers . The Sovereign is merely the index-hand making their acts ; and by a natural process we come back to the press , the public meeting , the petition , the hustings , the popular association—in short , all the machinery by which , in this country , opinion is created and governments controlled . Here is the great safeguard against the political perversion of National Schools , conjoined with that sturdy love of liberty which is indigenous to the Anglo-Saxon race ; that love of managing their own affairs— of thinking for themselves , and of
speaking out their thoughts , which they carry with them to every quarter of the globe . All the tendencies of the age favour the growth of this feeling , and every movement extends the power of the masses —throws more and more into the hands of the veritable people , that power iu the control of public affairs , which is demanded by the great principles of democratic justice . National Schools , so far from weakening that power or arresting those tendencies , would , we believe , increase both , because ihey would augment the knowledge , which is synonymous with power . The behest of an enlightened national will would , therefore , be irresistible ; and that will would never either cnoose slavery , or submit to it .
It was necessary to make these cursory general remarks , to show the reader from what point of view we look at the Debate of the week , and the Min i sterial scheme . The latter we have from the commencement condemned , on the broad grounds of its inadequacy to meet the evils lit professed to remedy ; and secondly , because of its unconstitutional nature—its insecurity , because dependent upon the will of an irresponsible body , and not an Act of Parliament ; and its possible perversion to the purposes of sects and parties .
Nothing that has transpired during the debate has altered these opinions . The Premier himself , followed by other members of the Government , make the confession that the measure is imperfect . They agree , also , that it is unjust , especially in its treatment of the Roman Catholic portion of the population . The only apology offered for these
imperfections , defects , and for this injustice , is , that the Government dare not attempt more for fear of the Church , and that they have been obliged to exclude from any participation in the benefits of their scheme , whatever these may prove to be , a large section of the community , in deference to the monstrous bigotry and intolerant prejudices of another section , the Wesleyan Methodists .
With this Ministerial confession Mr Macaulay ' s brilliant speech of Monday night , in answer to Mr Duncombe , so far from being a defence , is , in reality , a censure of it . He proved triumphantly , and in a style of masterly oratory which has few equals in this country ( though we object to some of the arguments and illustrations ) , not only the extent and nature of the evil to be remedied , but also the right and duty of the Government to act upon it . Why , then , shrink from this duty ? Why allow sects or creeds to terrify you from the performance
of that which , on taking the oaths of office , you promised ? Why snecumb to organised sections of the community , and not only withhold justice , but inflict injustice ? Why , with a clear view of the injury inflicted upon society by the absence of the necessary machinery for developing the mental and moral power of the millions , and thereby conferring both a negative and positive benefit on the country of incalculable value , do you hesitate to propose a measure of which you acknowledge , and elaborately prove , the paramount importance ? The
Ministerial reply to these questions is the most self-condemnatory ever uttered . They see and know their duty , but they dare not perform it . Instead of taking their stand upon principle , they palter , and peddle , and higgle , and chaffer for political support . they barter the fate and destinies of the millions for the votes which , at tbe next general election , will , they trust , give them a place on the Treasury benches for the next seven years ; and having done this they have the astounding effrontery to turn round , and wonder that other parties are no t prepared to applaud them for being cowardly , selfish , and unjust .
In addition to the general objections we have made to the scheme , many occur to us which the space already occupied will not permit us to enter upon at present . One , however , is of such a grave nature , that it must be referred to theuiiconstitu . tional nature of the scheme . We have always understood the Government of this country to be vested in the Sovereign , the Lords , and the Commons in Parliament assembled . This inestimable foundation of public liberty , won by the valour and determination of our forefathers ,
should be guarded with the most watchful jealousy . The slightest encroachment upon it is calculated to subvert the freedom and prosperity of the people . Tbe minutes of the Committee of Council ' on Education are , in our opinion , a direct and most dangerous infringement of this first principle of British liberty . They propose to institute a vast amount of educational machinery , by which the fate and character of the people must inevitably be seriously influenced in future , without giving Parliament any control in the practical
direction of that machinery . The plan is dependent on the will of the executive , for the time being . To be so dependent is an evil of the greatest magnitude , [ f the schools are beneficial to the public , the tenure of their existence is insecure . The Government may by new regulations diminish their usefulness , or altogether pervert tkera ; there is no guarantee of a permanent nature offered for their continuance on publicly beneficial grounds . The object in
framing so unconstitutional a measure , we believe , was to escape discussion in Parliament , and collision with sects . It has failed , and , under any circumstances , should be abandoned , Whatever we have , large or small , let it be based upon an Act of Parliament . These are not the days to acquiesce in stretching the prerogative of the Crown . Other objections may probably be alluded to on future occasions ; meantime , we must here dismiss the subject for the present .
The Factories Bill Went Through Another ...
The Factories Bill went through another stage on Wednesday , after encountering some of the most disgraceful and infamous opposition ever offered to any measure . Without any warning , Mr Hume moved rhat the report be received that day six months ; and , after this was negatived , a series of amendments , all more or less intended to damage
the practical valne of the measure , were proposed by various opponents , with , happily , the like results . It is evident , however , that the mill-lords and political economists are determined to fight the battle to the last : every manoeuvre and trick that the forms of Parliament allow will be resorted - , to , in the hope that the measure may be so retarded , that its passing in the House of Lords may be rendered impossible , before the end of the Session . The Chronicle , a few
weeks ago , advised the delegates who had work to go to , that they should return to the country and their regular occupations without any fear of undue Parliamentary influence or intrigues , to defeat the measure . Wednesday was a practical
couwuetitary on the value and meaning of the advice eT ^ by the nonet * organ of tbe mammonocracy , 5 will , we earnestly hope , put the friends of the LiiHl operatives on their guard . ° ^
The Lords Are Preparing For The Contest ...
The Lords are preparing for the contest on th Irish Measures , and it is again rumoured positive ! that Lord Stanley will endeavour to destroy wK little utility is left in the Irish Poor-law Bill „ moving the Bentinck amendment , which , in effe t will let the landlords go scot-fred If so , and h succeeds , a speedy dissolution will ensue , for we scarcely imagine that the Commons will assent T pass the bill so mutilated , even though the Wh were ready to do so . 8 s
( Eo *Tea&Ers; & Corresfpoirter Te
( Eo * tea & ers ; & Corresfpoirter te
Lloit, Notice.—Since The Law Department ...
LlOit , NOTICE . —Since the Law Department of the AWi—Star was opened , I have received jdrnoit dXz * plaints from poor men that they have been St . , either b , Pettifogging Mtome / s or AaveruiX offices . It was to save poor men from these W ^" that the Law Department of tho Star wasopen TO give gratuitous Legal advice is one of the nrlnVmVi objects of that department . In no case , therefore sn " I take even the smallest fee or remuneration from » poor man , except where my professional services slnii render him a richer man than he was before . Whew a client , through my professional assistance , recovers property and becomes richer than he preriou < il » was , there I shall expect a moderate foe ; but cm that I shall not take till after the property has _ - „ recovered . ea
It is no unusual thing for ' those wh » have gotfraiidu lently or wrongfully into possession of property to sat the claims of justice at defiance on account of the poverty of the rightful owner . Where a poor man ' s claim to property is believed to be good , his poverty will act upon mo as an additional stimulus to obtain justice for him . There is another legal grievance which many people even in good circumstances , suffer from ; namely , the heavy expenses they are put to about Leases , Agrae , merits , Conveyances , Mortgages , Marriage Settlements , Making their Wills , < fce . Ail these things are commonly made longer by three or four times than they need to be ; and the consequence is , the expenses and stamps ar « twice or three times as much as they ought to be . Tg correct this evil a most skilful conveyancer renders inc
his services , and upon terms so moderate that the ex . penses of Conveyances , Wills , ix ., will bales * than one . half of their usual amount . When clients wish to have papers returned , or private answers to their inquiries , it is expected that they mil send the requisite number of postage stamps . In stating their cases , let clients simply state fads and avoid all remarks and comments of their own ' Much , often , depends upon the time at which a thine happened ; as the time of a person ' s Birth , Marriace Death , Pate of his Will , the Date of the Probate , < fcc ' therefore in all these , and similar cases , let dates ^ given . EiNwr Jokes . Bairn Foan , Newcastle-under-Ljne . —The landlord may distrain for the whole of tbe arrears . You must giv « the landlord a fall week ' s notice to quit , and a t tb «
end of the week tender him the key and tbe rent that may be due . The week must be computed so as to end on the same day of the week that your tenancy commenced . If the goods are removed , rent befog due , the landlord may follow them . The attorney ' s charge of 3 s 6 d . it , I believe , the usual charge , Joan SoTCLtree , Rochdale . —The declaration of trust by J . B ., J . P ., and R . P ., will , I dare say , male * tbe society safe enough ; but the declaration of trust , and all deeds and writings relating to the property , must be in the custody of the . society , or their clerk or secretary , and be carefully preserved . If , however , the property was to be sold again , and it was knewn that it belonged to the society , there might pouibly be a difficulty in making a title to it ; but , perhapi , the society had better run this risk , tn " n incur a
considerable expense by enrolling , etc . GeobokDaiis , Sheffield . —If you do not pay , your goods maybe distrained . Apply to the magistrate who issued the warrant , and he , perhaps , in consideration of jour misfortunes , may give yon time or let you off altogether , 0 . V „ PolUckshaw , Glasgow . —I am not a Saotch lawyer —but I suspect the fact to be , that you tookyoarhoaw without inquiry whether the late tenant had paid bis poor-rates up to the time of his quitting possession . I dare say it will turn out that he had not , and the consequence is , you are called upon to pay what was due from him , as well as what has become due from yourself ; and according to English law , ( and moit
Ukely according to Scotch law also , ! you are liable to pay the whole ; but the late tenant is liable to re-p » y you his share . If , however , you can get nothing from him , the magistrate would probably relieve you fram the payment of the late tenant's part of the assessment , and also reduce the rate to a rate on the rent you really pay ; unless the house is worth more than you pay . Thomas Uicbaudsov , Fallowfield , Durham —If the servants hive no beneficial interest , and it caa be proved that they have not , they have no right to vote in vestry , etc . If the owners gave notUe to the w « s « rs that the houses were empty , they are not liable to the payment of poor-rates so losg as the houses continue empty .
I think you are right , by reason of incompatibility of character Pal a fox , Burnley . —1 st . If the ratepayers of any town . ship neglect to vote for churchwardens , the churchwardens are duly chosen by tbe townships which do vote , unless there be a custom to the contrary , 2 nd . Yes ; provided the meeting was duly convened and held , 3 rd . Yes -, but if your party should be outvoted , and a larger rate carried by the other party , such latgw rate must be paid . Should your rate be carried , tha churchwardens can only collect that , and no more . Ciublss Allihson , Sheffield . —Give me the name and address of the mortgagee , who is in possession of your property , and I will write to him ; and if that does not bring him to a settlement , I will then advise you as to
the proper steps to take . D . L ., Mertliyr . —As the horse and cart are jwrr , if yoa state that fact to the assessor , and pay the duty , (»» I suppose you are liable to it , ) no further proceedings will be taken against yonr sons . Wk . Elsoh , Northampton . —If you maksuse of your own horse in conveying about your goods as a hawker , I ani of opinion you ought to take out a horse license . Sending your goods by coach or carrier's cart is quite a different thing . A . T . Y ., Add—g—m—If the engine broke down through " unavoidable accident , " in that case the men will be entitled to their wages of 3 s . 6 d , per day , whilst tut engine la undergoing the ueeessary rejk & i *» . I pt « . surae the work was not "finished through the present measure , " when tho engine broke . If it was , or if the
engine broke through the " negligence or mismanage , ment" of the contractors , iu either case the men are ¦ not entitled to wages . James Stevenson , Glasgow . —lam not a Scotch lawyer but , according to English law , it a fraud has been , practised upon the club , the parties practising tha fraud may be punished . Though you say " the rules ' were not signed by any of the members of the club , yet they advanced their money , I presume , on the bails of the rules . I must , however , see tbe rules , before I can fully advise . T . Sowibby , Dalston . —The clergy of the Established Church are entitled to Easter dues . Let me know the particulars of the demand which has been made upon you , and I shall be able to tell you if it is strictly a legal one ; thougb , as it amounts , I suppose ,
to a mere trifle , you had best pay it , 6 . L ., Derby . —Your , eldest brother is entitled to the freehold property , as it is , I suppose , neither of ^ . Gavel-kind nor Borough-Eugllsh tenure , Yo \* s * lf ' or your mother , or your brother , should take « ut ; administration to your late father ; then turn the live and dead stock into money ; and After payment : of all lawful demands upon your father's estate the i surplus must be divided , one-third to your mother , , and the remaining two-thirds amongst yourself , , nnd brothers and sisters . Has any deceased brother r or sister left children t—The legacy of £ 10 * , given ; i by your late uncle to your father , lapsed ; and has a most likely fallen into the residue of bis personal d estate . To enable mo to say whether you are en- u titled to any part of your late uncle ' s property , I I must see a copy of his will . W . Clibke , Birmingham . —Give me tho address of of
your cousin , Thomas Griffiths , and also of your ir cousin , Rebecca Griffiths , I suppose they have taken su . possession of the houses and other property given to to them by Mrs Owen ' s will . Did jour father die fos- * - sessed of the property in Dudley t And in what year ar did ho die ? Mast RwrsroBD , Liverpool . —Without seeing a copy py of the will of your late husband ' s father , or , at any ny rate , a copy of as much of it as relates to the devise ise of the sixteen acres , it is impossible for me to give ire an opinion upon your case . Judging from the state- , tement ia your letter , I should be inclined toeay , that wt your husband had it in Ms power to sell the property , rty , and that hit only child has no right to it . When did did he die ? and when did bis father die ? Caa you give ; ive me the address of Mr Maber , or Mr Gahagan ! W , M ., Long Buckby . —Your friend ' s landlord cannot inot distrain , but may sue iu the Small Debts' Court on on tbe note of hand .
J . Nioaorr , Doncnster . —Was there ft written agr « . T «» went between the purchaser and yooiselft Iftb . tc 9 b . tc 9 was , send me a copy of it , and give ma tho name vA- »&* address of tho lawyer you bave employed , A ChabtutjinTboobie , Newton . —Allyour property msjniaj bo tatseu , ' except £ 5 worth ; but the appraiser alwajAwaja putt a moderate valuation upon the articles left , left , If , however , your creditor proceeds against J' < " * i )' i the court will , no doubt , give you ticae to pa » paj tho liebt , by easy instalments ; and if . you duly duly pay them , your goods and furniture will nol nol be t » ken . If you were to take the r ^ enent of tbo Iofao IP solvent Debtors * Aoi , yon would hare togive up » lup »' your property but jE 20 worth .
J . W . S . —You can « o * ba made to r ^ y for the aUertttJon-atio made in the premises hy tbe tenant . It is not to yotto y « interest , Isunpose . to have Vm premises put into t & e \ ott * former stats , and , if not , tiiB tenant must leave tnete tin in their iamrowa condition . As the premise * ar « he \ MbJ under a lease , yon can eject the tenant at the expl'W tlon of the leaw , without giving notice to quit ; b" ';; b " you give Mm such , notice , and h » holds over , hew ; w
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), April 24, 1847, page 4, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns2_24041847/page/4/
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