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Uessrs o SV THE NORTHERN STAR, February ...
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GREAT MEEllNti AT LEEDS. NATIONAL PETITI...
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NEWCASTLE. OUR KAIIOKAL DEFHKCES—IMPORTA...
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_ The total number of men holding sKb^rd...
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MIDDLE CLASS MEETING AT THE KING'S ARMS,...
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THE LONDON CONFEDERATION. The Davis Club...
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ADDRESS OF THE COMMITTEE OF THE LOKDON -...
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Didbli.vo Machine. — Reading. —At a publ...
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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Uessrs O Sv The Northern Star, February ...
Uessrs o SV THE NORTHERN STAR , February 2 d . laja ^ M _ . ^ MM ^»^^ IMMMMW « W «» W » W » M » MMli ^ lB >« MMW ^^^ , ^ M ^^____ l _ M . _ , ^ iBgWWWW *««« M ^** W 1 * 'lW ^^ ¦ ——— . — — . _ . . — .. . , ¦ _^_ ' _^^ ^*— " ' _ ,
T^Jj^^A Jg^Aafa^^ The Extensive Of ^^^Ffe^^Pj K. ¦ N . D ^ D H ^/^
t ^ jj ^^ a Jg ^ aafa ^^ The extensive of ^^^ ffe ^^ Pj K . ¦ n ^ h ^/^
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tiiur work , estifled , the = " /¦ -, 0 f whu-h have tiecn oredandtw-. nty-nv . thou-wWe rf ^ t * ld > , ar . d the extensive sale : m £ led n 510 M . Medicine * have »» t ^ v , nd " lcs . lv v-uitate the title of some the name of PiKlS-l ami Medic jues Th „ puoi ; c u the Work and names « " * nnS » re n „ t in any way c « . nrcted with »>» " fi' « " £ - provinces , « nd are only to be ^^ s . * x ™ s *« . - « r r Estabiisbmeut - C 6 » ™ * ,. „ - o-rfiird-street , Loii . iou . 19 , B * « -f ^ $ ffi F TU EMTIO * TllHctrated by Twentj-six AEatomical Engravings oa Steel . Oa Ph- 'ical Oisqualificatims , Generative Jnea ^ neitp , and ' ' Jmjicd-: m «> its to Marriage . A new snd Improved edition , enlarged to 196 pages , price = CJ . ; by past , direct frota the Ebtahliskmeat , ss . 6 d . £ V ffl ? TiLENT FRIEND ; / \ metfc-il war * on the exhaustion and physical decay of th ? ^ tem , pr . idu . -c 4 by excessive indulgence , the couseosenc-rt of infection , or the abuse . fiinercaiy . with 2 b * rv . ti . * sonthe married state , aad the ^^ l ^ ti „ ., swh = ch prerentit ; illustrated by 26 celoured enrravin-S and by the detail ot cases . By R . and L . PEURYu « dC « , 19 , Ber « er ? -Str « t , Oxford rtreet , Londtm . Pub lished by the authors , and sold by " « " * £ - >• Paternoster row ; Hnnnay , « , and Sanser , 150 Oxford-£ r « Y ; Starie , 23 . Tishtornwtrect , Uajmiarket ; and Curdon H 6 , LeadcHhall-strett , London ; J . and R . ffiw aud Co ., Lefclmalk , Edinburgh ; D . CamplbeU , SSvH- sW ffi-sjrow ; J- ^ " ^ . ^ TCha m Kewnv . Church-street , Liverpool ; R . H . lu ^ am , k laceManchester-
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THE GREATEST CURES OF AST HED 1 CISES IK THE GLOBE . HOLLOWAY'S OINTMENT . A Very Wonderful Cure of a Disordered LireT and Stomach . Extract efa Letter from . . Vr Charks WZton , 20 , Printei Street , Glatgw ., dated Felruitrg lith , ! 8 < 7 . To Professor Ilullowar . Sir , —Having taken your pills to remove a disease of the Stomach ~ -r . & Liier , un < 3 er which 1 had long suffered , and having followed your printed instructions I have regained thai health , which I had thought lost for ever . I , had previously had recourse to several Kiedical men , pfto are celebrate * f » r their skill , but kist « ad of curing siy Complaint , it inrrensed to a most alarming degree . Bumanly eii-akiug your pills have saved my life ! Many tried to di < s ' .: a- ; e me from using theai , aud I doabtnot bizt that hundreds are deterred from taking your most excellent medici :-. 6 , in consequence of the impositions practised ig-many worthless wretches ; but what a pity itis that : ne deceptions used by others , should be the means of pre- ' reotinL- v . muy unhappy persons , under disease , frem rejtttming health , by the u > eof your pills . When I cotnnenceu the use of your pills 1 was in a most wretched : ondni n , and t « ray peat delight , in a few daysafter-; vards ttere was a considerable change for the better , and by i-uutiuuing to use them for some weeks , I have L >* -n perfectly restored to health , to the surprise of all ivho have witnessed the state to which I had been re-3 uccl tsy tbe disordered state of the Liver and Stomach ; ft-t . uid to God that every poor sufferer would avail himself oi the same astonishing remedy . ( Signed ) Cbasles Wilson . ' ^ The above gentleman has been a schoolmaster bat is now in a highbi resptctable House , as Comniercia Clerir .
Great Meellnti At Leeds. National Petiti...
GREAT MEEllNti AT LEEDS . NATIONAL PETITION . The Leeds Chartists have nobly done their duty in the renewed campaign , and the meeting held on Monday evening will be long remembered by all pre sent , not mdy for its numerical strength , and , what the world calls respectability , but for the aoble candour displayed bj the members of the middle class , who spoke in favour of the resolutions ; there was no mincing of the nvitter , and not a particle of that timid reservation displayed which we have witnessed in former davs . They spoke out manfully for the Six Feints of the Charter , and defended its justice with a fervour and ability that drew forth the Icud and n psa ' . ed approbation of the meeting . It was a hopeful and cheering sight for the lovers of liberty , and the able manner in which the proceedings were cenducteo * reflects great credit on the business talent of Mr Councillor Brook , and the Chartist council
. „ The meeting was held in the ' . Court Home , and was convened by a requisition to the mat or , F . Carbutt . E « q , who at once not only granted the use of the Court House , but agreed to preside over the meeting . The requisition created a great degree of surprise among all classes , as a number of the thoughtless could not conceive that such an array of names could be procured to such a . document , but there , posted on the walls , in unmistakable 'black and white , ' were upwards of three hundred names , including a'dermen , town councillors , merchants , manufacturers , leading shopkeepers , and a 1 > ng array of ten-poundera . At seven o ' clock on Monday evening the Court House was filled in every part , the platform being occupied by the leading requisitionists , at which time F . Carbutt , E-q .. mayor of Lecd * , took the chair , amid loud cheers . He brii fly alluded to the object of the meetine . and resumed his seat .
Mr David Greek , boobeller , moved the following resolution : — ' That this meeting has witnessed with great concern the depressed and degraded state of the industrious classes of this kingdom , and is of opinion that it aris-es from the present monopoly of the Elective Franchise—that it is highly requisite that measures should be originated for placing the whole male adult population upon one political equality , and thereby permanently benefit the country at large . ' Mr Gr < en defended the right of the people to the suffrage , in a short and argumentative address , and was warmly applauded .
Councillor Brook rose to second the resolution , snd was received with loud cheers . lie said it afforded him great pleasure to appear before hia townsmen on that occasion , and to witness the rapid strides which their principles were making , as witnessed that evening . He then proceeded at some length to depict the sufferings endured by the people , through the misdeed * of the aristocracy , and those who had usurped the power of legislation . He argued the undoubted right of the people to the suffrage , and instanced the combination which existed amon « the aristocracy , to increase tl . o army and
navy , not to protect the country , but to find places for themselves , and prevent the people from gaining their rights ; they , therefore , wanted the suffrage , to enable the people to send members to Parliament to put an end to such proceedings . They also found the West India planters not content with receiving twenty millions of the people ' s money for the liberation of their slaves , again applying for the assistance of the government to enable them to lower the wages of their workpeople . 'Ihej had the audacity to ask Parliament to tax the over-burihened labourers ot
Ensland to assist in their nefarious designs ; and it was , therefore , hi ' sh time for the people to band themselves together to gain their rights , and hinder their money from being appropriated for the purpose of ens ' aving their brethren in other climeg . ( Loud cheers . ) He was sorry to find that the present government seemed disposed to listen to the unjust claims of these men , and that the Whigs , who j romi « ed reform and retrenchment , were adding largel y to the a l ready exorbitant expenditure of the country . The Whigs talked loudl y of their liberality . He would a-k where it was ? He would ask those men , who formerly placed their faith in Whig promises , ' whether they had not seen sufficient to prove that their confidence was misplaced , and that ne good
was to be expected from them ? He . therefore , hopen ^ they would now see the neces .-ity of / earing the Whigs to their friends , the Protectionists , and r » lly -with the people in establishing their just rights . ( Cheers . ) If they had any doubt on their minds as to the intentions of the Whigs , let them peruse the financial statement of Lord John Russell . Let them look at his proposal to increase the Income Tax . to enable him io meet the increased cost of the ordnance , * rmy , and navy estimate * . If they would scrutinise his statement , they would find avast increase of ' -he public expenditure this year , as compared with former years ; and all this whilst the industrious classes in our large towns weresuffer ine the most heartrending privations . For in their
neighbouring town of Bradford , tho poverty of the mass of the people was so great , and the pressure so severely felt by the ratepayers , that they were adopting measures to send a number ot them out of the country . ( Shame , shame . ) He was not an advocate for sending their best men out of the country . He wished every industrious retn to have a home in the land of his birth , and if any were to be sent away , let the idle and the useless be first removed . ( Loud cheers . ) Even in the town of Leeds , they found a large increase of poverty , as proved by the applications for parochial relief . From all parts of the countrv there were rumo'ira of the hardships the people endured , and , in the ra'dst of such a state ofthines , the reforming and ret-enching Whigs were adding
to their calamities . Whi ' st the masses were thus sinking in the social scale , let Rot the middle classes think they could esear e , for it would surely reach them . What , there Ve , was the remedy ? It was clear . Give the j enple tl e right of voting 1 ( Loud chests ) Some objected that they had not sufficient intelligence , and would be liable to corruption . In reply to such men , he would refer them to the conduct of the voters of Great Yarmouth , where the most barefaced corruption was proved to have taken place ; and on the intellectual portion of the ohjec tion . let them look to Ki & sa ' e election . It was proved by the evidence of a barber's daughter , that she was sent for to shave thirty-five voters , one of whom was a parson . That they were all drunk at
the time , and srn ; e of them in such a beastly state , th . it she had ti shave them as they lay—they not being able to rise—and the honourable ( . ' J candidate , for whom they were going to vote , had to assist in holding others on a chair whilst she performed the operation—the parson being in the latter batch of intelligent voters . ( Loud hughter . ) The candidate and another person had to hold the parson , who was utterly helpless . { Renewed laughter , and a lcud shout of ' capital , ' from the stentorian lungs of Mr llolroyd , a vteran Chartist , prolonged the merriment . ) There was a specimen of intelligence for them . ( Hear , hear ) Would the working men do so ? H he thought them capable of such conducthe '
, would not bs found acting as he did on that occasion . But he knew them better . He had been long a witness of their virtues , and felt convinced that they would not thus degrade themselves . ( Loud cheers . ) Even the electors of the borough o Leeds were not totally free tram this hateful practice ; ic wag notorfeus ( flat corruption had been resorted to at the lace election . Hams had been sold greatly above their value , and the usual disguiVs resorted to for the purpose of concealing the guilty parties . ( Hear , hear . ) He felt proud at witnessing the future prospects of the peop * e , and congratulated them that they could now meet in Their own ball , and could not bs cried down
as in former day ? . ( Loud cheers . ) They were now in a g ! orious position . They had the Mayor presid . ing over their meeting , and a number of " influential men about toeupport their resolutionsfrom . that pla ' - form , and willing to assist in securing the rights of the people . ( Loud cheers . ) Mr Brook then made an el > quent appeal to the middle-classes , and referred to Mr T . Flint b' -irg present , to set them an example , and give the people his powerful aid . He declared it to be iheir duty , as we : l as their in'erest to stand f > v the people , as had been done by the leaders
' of Democracy in Switzerland , Italy , Sicily and elsewhere , lie referred them to Paris where 20 . 000 of the National Guard had volunteered to detend the Democratic deputies . While the nations of the world were arousing themselves from the slavery and apathy of agfs . it should be the pride of Englishmen to take the lead . Let them , therefore , unite as one man , and declare before the world , that the People s Charter fchall fee the law of the Land . Mr Brook concluded an ahle addrtss by seconding the resolution , and resumed his seat amidst the hearty cheers of the meetin ? .
Mr Th ' -mas Fust stoed forward to support the relutiMi ) , and was 1-mdly cheered . He said that . Mr Brook had referred to him as if he were only now , for the first time , advocitinu' the people ' s rights , but he wished to rewind them that , on previous occasion ? , he had advocated the extension ot the Suffrage to all hu countrymen . lie had heard some allusion made to the Anti-Corn Law League , for not taking part in the Suffrage question , but it should be recollected that the n"lioy of the Leasue was doing one thing at a time , and if the friends of the People ' s Charter alopted the same rule , they would certainly succeed in their object . lie did not consider it necessary to argue the question on that occasion , as no man present dispu ed it—in fact . no man disputed the
fi ght , the only question was one of fitness . The mte ligence of the people was one of the arguments , which were urged in opposition to their claims , but no man who had , like him , attended their meetings , could for a moment uphold such & plan . At their meetings in the Cloth Hall-yard , he had witnessed the shrewdness and ability of the working men . and the readiness with which they deteo e I anything like trickery or sophistication ; on this point he had the authority of Lord Brougham and Mr Macaulay , for they admitted that they did not desire a better or more intelligent audience . The working men could soon perceive a humbug or a cheat , if it were intended to be practised 02 tliera , and its h & i w $ & ttom n e
Great Meellnti At Leeds. National Petiti...
more intelligence- than the middle-classes . Mr Flint then pr- 'ceeeded to argue the desirability of the middle classes assisting the working nun to obtain the franchise , as he believed that by at once conceding the point , it pould reconcile the people to them , snd they would then be ab ' e to argue their other differences with good feeling , but it was essential that they should first prove their sincerity by a timely concession of the people ' s fights . But was there no danger in continuing to withhold those rights ? He thought there was , for although he wished them to bo gained by peaceable means , and would strongly urge on ] the people the necessity of trusting solely t « them , yet the wrong might be perpetrated too long . He wished to impress on the
people the creat fact—that in resorting to violence they gave their enemies the only real power which ttey could gain over them , fer one man with truth on his side was stronger , in a moral eonse , than a multitude opposrd to him . ( Hear , hear . ) Anob jection was raised as to their liability to be bribed , but the-ballot would remedy that , as no man woulo be foolish enough to buy a poke wit ' iout knowing there was a pig in it . Under the present system , all those who were known to be friendly to the extension of the suffrage were actually browbeaten in the House of Commons by men who bad no sympathy with the mass of the people . Such was the case with Mr Cobden and others , and even for this reason , it was necessary that the People '* Charter
should be granted , in order to popularise that house . Ho mentioned the'Charttr that they might know 1 e went with tliera to the full extent . ( Loud cheers . ) The estab'Wiment of the Charter , would tend to equalise taxation , for under the present mode , oneseventh of the whole national income waa abstracted from the people to meet the expenditure of tho go . vernment . They had to pay twenty-eight million ? ns intfrest OB the debt contracted by unjust wars , in addition to what was expended in upholding the army and navy ; and since 1835 , no less than six millions per annum , bad been added to the national expenditure by the governments of Sir Robert Peel and Lord John Russell . Those immense sums were taken from the productive labour of the country . The main portion of the excise and other tsxts rested on the energy and industry of the people , and
no matter how they felt as to the income tax , it would ultimately b « paid by the working classes . Did they imagine that if the House of Commons was popularised , that s- ch a system would bo allowed to exist T ( No . no . ) Popularise the house , and you establish permanent peace , and he knew tho working men to be sincere lovers of peace ; for free trader as he was , be knew tl-at war and free-trade could not co-erist ; therefore let them cultivate a friendly intercourse with the people of the continent , and tell the government that war shall not be allowed . ( Cheers . ) lie concluded by advising the working classes to discountenance bribery , and not obstruct a . meeting altheugh they might differwith its object , and they Would thereby prove their magnanimity . ( Mr Flint was loudly cheered on taking 1 m scat . ) The mayor then read the resolution , which was carried unanimously , amidst loud cheers .
Mr Patterson moved the second resolution as follows : — ' That this meeting would direct the attention of th ? middle classes to the document known as the People ' s Charter , in which are contained every requisite for securing an efficient carrying out of the Suffrage , and that they be earnestly solicited to render every support towards causing it to be enacted as the law of tho land . ' He coincided in the opinion of the Mayor in advising them to to'erate the opinions of those who differed from them , snd nowateod before them as the advocate of the Six Points of the People's Charter . ( Loud cheers . ) With regard to the fitness , of the people for the suffrage , be well remembered a meeting
being held in the Cloth Hall yard on the Education question . At that meetinir , Dr Hook . E . Baines , Esq ., and others , called on the people to express their opinions , but they did not place any persons at the gates to question them as to their qualifications , whether they paid £ 5 or £ 50 of rental He therefore could not conceive how those men could object to the people expressing their opinions as to who should } ^ represent them in Parliament . These gentlemen had witnessed the uniform intelligence of the people at the various public meetings , and therefore they had no right to object to their enfranchisement . Re erence had been made to Lord John Russell ' s finality doctrines , but whatever might he his views as to the finality of tlie Reform Bill , he
seemed to think quite differently on the subject of taxation , for it appeared from his conduct that there was no finality or abatement in that part of bis creed , but it appeared to be greatly on the increase . He would not dvmean himself to argue the right of the people to the Charter simply as a matter of expediency—it was a question of right , fur he considered that government was for the people , and not the people for the government . Society was simply a bargain between individuals , and there were always two sides to a bargain , and it was preposterous to suppose that any . man would yive up his rights to another without an equivalent , the people had therefore an undoubted rieht to use their franchises to compel the
due fuHi'ment of the original contract . He desired to draw the attention of the middle classes to some matters which they seemtd to hare overlooked , namely : the assistasce which tho people had rendered in carry \ ng evers useful reform , and that the abuses of which they so loudly complained , could not ba removed without their assistance ; then , knowing such to be the case , why refuse them the Suffrage ? He contrasted the intelligence " of the working men with the agriculturalists who now possessed the right of voting , and showed that the refusal of the Charter was an empty pietcnce . Talk of intelligence ! Was it intelligence that decided the question at Great Yarmouth , or at Stafford , ( and other towns ? ( N « , no ) Had it not been clearly proved to be merely a
breeches pocket question ? ( Yes . ) Why then waste more words on the matter ? It was a transparent delusion—Government talked of educating them . The sectarians talked of educating them : but , he would say , educate yourselves for the money taken from you by undue taxation will be found amply sufficient for the purpose . Another objection against the Charter was \ uat the working men were not possessed of property , and that granting them the Suffrage would endanger the rights of . property . Surely they could not forget that all property proceeded from the working Eien , and was afterwards placed in their c ; ire . lie vindicated the character of the working classes , and insisted on the justice of
their claims . Ho was a member of the middle class , and would say , ' Middle classe ^ on you rests the fearful responsibility of denying the people their rights . Are you willing to be pointed out as the real enslavers of the people ? If you do not , come forward then , and rally round the banner of democracy whieh is tonight unfurled under such cheering auspices . ' Working men ! the hour of your deliverance approaches , and the hour is not far distant when a union of the middle and working classes will dash down the barriers which have too long ictcrcepted you from the full po > session of your rights . Mr Patterson eneluded by moving the resolution , and was loudly cheered throughout his speech .
Councillor Rcnsox seconded the resrlution . It gave him great pleasure to stand before them on that occasion . He rejoiced in the noble display they made that evening in favour ot their rights . It was bis most earnest wish that Mr Joseph Sturge should be returned for Leeds at the late election ; the sViow of hands clearly demon-tited what the people ' s desires were , and , had the people possessed their rights he would now sit , as he really was , the representative of the people of Leeds in the Commons House of Parliament — ( chiers )—and they would then have one roan from this borough who would confront Lord John Russell on his infamous propositions when bringing fonvard the budget . If the working men had votes , tbey should have men sent
widely different from those who were returned by shuffling and truckling . The people called one of our members ' Jemmy Shufflj ; ' of course , ho did not consider it bis place to call him by his right name , whatever he mi ^ ht think . ( Loud laughter . ) The middle c ' asses were now called oh to assist tho people , he was there to do his dot " , and if they did not do the same , the present system would bo punish them , that tbey would be compelled to do what he wa 3 then oVwg , for . if it went on much further there would be no middle class , nothing would be left but slaves and aristocrats . lie strongly ur-ed on the middle class , the necessity and justice of joining with tho people . Tbey wanted their just rights , and ought to take no less . He cordially seconded the resolution .
Mr Jo ? kph Barker supported the resolution , and was greeted with several rounds of applause . He wished the people to ba possessed of their rights for the benefit of society atj ' argc—snd he wished them to be possessed of their rights , so that they mij : ht enabled legend personstoParliamentwithoutreferenct ' to their wealth . He also wished them to have the ballot , so as to pie ^ ervethem from being cccrced W the honest use of their vote . He wished them to get the Charter , the whole Charter , and he would not say nothing but the Charter , as he wanted it in order t- ) gain something else by its use . ( Hear , hear . ) The fittest people for exercising the suffrage were the common people . And he would ask the mayor , who he was aware had * ome experience in the mattur , whether he had not found the greatest amount of
virtue to exist amongst them ? Were not the rich often found using their wealth te brutaliso the poar ? Did th-y not often use thoir ' money at elections to make them drunk ? And was it sot well known that the leading men . and most useful members ot the -various temperance societies were working men ? In fact , the working men were trying to make the law-makers sober . ( Laughter . ) The people had be ; n often told that they were unfitforthe franchis 3 , bat that was not thereil meaning of those whomade the assertion . The pbji c ion was not to their fitness , bit that they thought ihem too fit . ( Loud cheers j Others stated that it was not merely the Charter they wanted , b it that tl ey had ulterior view * . Ho admitted it . He had ulterior views , and if the Charter was not intended as a means to enable the people to carr y out everything necessary to their
Great Meellnti At Leeds. National Petiti...
physical comfort , where was its value ? ( Cheers . ) He wanted the Charter to enable the people to have the use of the land , that they might have abundant food . ( Loud cheers . ) Mr Barker proceeded , at great length , to depict the social grievances which the Charter would enable the people to remove , and concluded a speech of much ability and s ' erhng honesty of purpose , by supporting the resolution , lie was loudly cheered throughout his speech . The Mator then read the resolutio' 1 , and , having put it to tbo meeting , it was carried unanimously , amidst loud cheers . _ Mr John Shaw then moved tho National Poti-Mr Wjumm Hartley seconded the motion . Mr Tomlinson supported it . Carried . Mr Willum Ba & ker moved the fourth resolution : —
' That Thomas Slingsby DuncomDO , E « q , M . P ., be requested to present the petition to the ilouseof Commons , and that James Garth Marshall , M . P ., and the West R-idit-g members , be requested to support the same . ' Mr Gkodgk lions in seconded the motion . Carried unanimously . Councillor Brock moved a vote of thanks to the mayor . Mr Patterson seconded the motion , which was carried , amidst the hearty cheers of the meeting .
The Mavor thanked them for the good conduct they had manifested . He had great pleasure in presiding over their deliberations , and was with them heart and sou ) . ( Loud cheers . ) The meeting then separated at eleven o ' cleck .
Newcastle. Our Kaiiokal Defhkces—Importa...
NEWCASTLE . OUR KAIIOKAL DEFHKCES—IMPORTANT PUBLIC MEETING —TRIUMPH OP DEMOCRACY . On Tuesday evening a public meeting was held in the Lecture Room , Nelson-street , for the purpose ( as the bills stated ) of allowing the working classes to express their opposition to the calling out of the militia , or anr increaso in tho army and ' navy expenses . It was also announced that an address to the French people would be proposecTto the meeting . It may be as well to remark that a week ago the Peace Society held a meeting ot the middle c ' asgns for the same object ; tho Chartists did not deem it prudent to attend that meeting , as they had already hoixted the standard , ' no vote , no musket . ' but Mr Peddle complained that a meeting should be called at a time of the day ( twelve o ' clock ) when the
working men could not attend , hence the present meeting , the gentlemen calling it sending a special invitation to the Chartists to » tt nd , A deputation , consisting of Messrs West , Nisbett , Giltnour , and Kean , was appointed to inspect , the addres * , to see if it embodied the principles of Democracy , and was such as the Chartists could support ; after careful examination , they agreed that it was not such an address as should emanate from a meeting of the working classes , so they acreedtodraw up one of their own : they did so , and carried it triumphantly , althouch all sorts of manoeuvres and coaxing was resorted to . The large ro ^ m was well filled , and G . Crawshay . Esq . was called to tho chair at seven o ' cleck . The lollowine account is abridged from the Newcastlk Guardian : —
PUBLIC MKETI 1 VG AOAIXST THE MILITIA . On Tuesday evening week a public meeting was held in the Lecture Room . Nelson-street , in this town , the oljcct of which was ' to alkw the working classes to txuress their opposition to tho calling out of the militia , or any increase in the army and navy expenses . ' The spacious building was well filled , there being present upwards of a thou « and individuals , most of whom belonged to the c ) a *^ specially invited . There were also on the platform several woll known friends and advocates of peace principles and opoonents of the proposed additional national defences . Ge ^ kok Cuawshat . Esq .. presided .
Mr R . [ I . Uaogik moved the first resolntio " , viz . - — ' This meeting desires to record its conviction thut no necessity exUts for any increase in our military expenditure , which already entails burdens grievous tube borne , en the industry of these realms . And this meeting is further of opinion that there fa no dang er of a foreign invasion , unless ! it be invited hy an officious intermeddling in the affairs of other nations , or by tho absence of a peaceful a > d conciliatory spirit in the foreign policy of our Government . ' Mr Giljiorb seconded the resolution . lie sttid , the working men had so continually to Built and struggle in order to get an honest subsistence , that they were not disposed to fight with the French or any other nation . ( Hoar , hear . ) He felt no
prejudice in favour of his country , and did not know whether they would be more heavily taxed if the French were to c-ime and take England to morrow ; and he did not know that he should possess less political privilege tkan ho dll under our most glorious constitution . ' ( Cheers . ) lie then give a description of the hardship of the working man ' s lot , especially referring to his liability to imprisonment for refusing to enter the militia , when balloted , and if once entered , to be shot for disobedience of orders , and concluding with the statement that he is 'the veriest slave un . icr the sun . ' He ( Mr Gilraore ) declared that he would fight for no government under heaven .
and was prepared to abide by the consequences ( Cheers ) He then ridiculed the doating imbecility of the Duke of Wellington , observing that he did not see why tne duke should not he indicted for sedition , for calling the people to arms ; had he been a Chartist , he would most certainly have been prosecuted . ( Cheer ? . ) He argued that the people of France < r of Eug ' aod have no interest in shooting at each other , and that if a war was get up , it would be by the ruling powers to k ^ ep the people in subjection . The working men had no interest in . » uc ! i quarrels , and would leave the parties to fight their own battles . ( Applause )
The resolution , on being put from the chair , was carried unanimously . _ Mr George Charlton moved the next resolution , viz .: — ' That this meeting has received with astonishment and disapproval an intimation that it is intended by government to call out the militia , and protests against such a measure as a gross infrineeraent of the liberty of the subject ; a-i calculated to revive the unchristian spirit ot war , and as tending to produce the very evil which it is professedly designed to prevent . ' The resolution was seconded by a working man , whose name we did not ascertain , and who , in the course of his speech , umed that militia clubs should be forme *] on the principle of supporting the families ot those who might be ( bagged to prison for refusing to enter the militia . This suggestion was received with great cheers .
Mr West was then called upon by the chairman , and in proposing the adoption of ' An address from the inhabitants of Newcastle npnn-Tyne , England , to the people of France , ' bespoke in strong and indif . riant terms against the Ministerial propositions , recommending working men neither to enter the militia nor to enlist , but to leave those who b » ve something to fight for to fkht for themselves . Tho working classes have nothing to fi ^ kt for exc ? pfc union bftstiles tor starvation . ( Cheers ) He denounced the law of impressment as an aci of
tyranny and injustice , and the continuance of a standing army in time of peace as injurious to the progress of liberty . He _ referred to the agitation for reform now proceeding in France , and advocated the propriety ot strengthening the bands of the French democrats by showing that the ^ eritame people of England entertain the samo sentiments . lie insisted that the working classes should have conceded to them their rights before duties were exacted from them , and stated that they were determined to raise the shout from one end of tho kingdom to tke other , * No vote no musket . ' ( Loud cheers . )
Mr Pkbdie seconded the adoption of this address . He wished it to be distinctly undarsood that he was not a member of the Peace Soe . itty ; he had nut fought and he did not intend ti fuh ' t , although ho got bis living by knocking down —( laughter ) — nevertheless there had be-. n _ a period in the history of this country when submission was a crime and resistance a duty ; although an enemy to all aggregate war , yet his judgment convinced bim that a time may again occur when all who wish ivol ) to suffering humanity and universal peace might feel it their duty to strike a blow at tyranny and oppre-sion .
( Cheers . ) He was glad to find the middle and working classes united on this question ; there had been suspicions , intrigues , and faults on both sides ; he wished them like man and wife , after a good hearty quarrel , to kiss and be friends . ( Laughter . ) He urged that it was the in ' ore ^ t as well as the duty of the middle classes to assist the working man in the attainment of his civil rights , for so long as tho Legis'ature was constituted , as at present , with 325 members whose trade is blood , they will carry an increase in the array and navy , in spite of the voice of the people . ( Cheers . )
[ The "Addrcis' was a portion of that of tho Fraternal Democrats , whieh recently appeared incur columns . ] Mr Barker moved as an amendment an address full of the usual cant of the Free Traders , and Peace Society men . Mr Grubb seconded its adoption , and contended at some lentil that it was preferable to that previously submitted , inasmuch as it did not interfere with the question of tho richts t . f tho working men butw . is confined to a simple and beautiful enunciation of the principles of universal p « ace as taken from the ethics of the Nojv Testament . On tho show of bands being taken , tho Democratic Address \ w cariied by a great majority .
m Alter a vote of thanks to the chairman , th ¦ meeting , which was protracted until past eleven o'clock , but the proceedings of which were chtuacterhed by order and good humour , separated .
_ The Total Number Of Men Holding Skb^Rd...
_ The total number of men holding sKb ^ rdlnate situations in tho collection of tho customs , whose wages do not exceed 31 . a day , 18 3 , 108 , of whom 105 are military or naval pensioners . Saxon etiquette has relaxed Us rules so far that gentlemen dressed in frock coats and trousers are bow aUmiaaiblo at the toart of Dresden ,
Middle Class Meeting At The King's Arms,...
MIDDLE CLASS MEETING AT THE KING'S ARMS , PHILIP-LANE , ALDERMANBUftr . Question : — ' Would a cheerful concession to the labouring classes of the Electoral Franchise , constitute a bond of union , or , is the suffrage a right V MrSwAitf ftated that the number of the elector * for England . Scotland , and Wales , was only 914 , 473 , or one in s x of the males of the age of twentv-one years : 561 , 329 electors for tho counties , and 383 , 114 ifor the cities and boroughs . Do you think that anything like justice can be done to the people with a suffrage like this ? _ Gentlemen , we of the middle class say . that national rights are resigned in ex change for the advantage of protection , and , as a member of society , man can possess no rights but
those with which society grants him . He has entered upon a new state , he comes under an entirely new . set of conditions , his natural rights are left behind him , when he quitted a position of isolated independence ; and wo , the middle . class people , say , that government is for the people , and we g ' nc up all claim of independent rit-ht , and we come under whatlaw is expedient , therefore . say we , the franchise is clearly a question of this sort—there is no right that can bo admitted but such as society confers . Has this question , gentlemen , been entertained with the calc :, dispassionate , and serirus consideration which it demands at our hands ? Do not let our blind passions deposo our judgment . True , there are faults on both sides . Gt ntlemen , you know that
wc left the labouring classes lone he ore they thought of leaving us ; therefore , I think , they have been harshly censured by the class we belong to . They have enmmitted violence , I do not denv , but let us admit all the cxteimatingconRideratiorBwhicb fairly belong to"it . They askc . rf . for the Suffrage , and we gave them a Ponr Law Bill to rob them of all their dearest ties ; taking the wife from her linsbflBd , and the children from both . But when they resorted to physical force they CfunmUted a very great mistake ; hiit is that wrong never to be forgiven ? Gentlemen , was not the same thin ? done at the Reform Bill time ? do you foreet Bristol and Nottingham ? Must we never atrain listen to demands for justice to the working men ? Gentlemen , was
there anything unreasonable in the petition of the three to four millions who signed it ? We , of the middle class , had better give some attention to tho subject . We should do this with a sense of as much responsibility as if the matter was entirely npon ourselves ; and let truth and justice ba for once granted . A compact supposes that whatever else we concede to the covenanting party , we do not , and cannot , part wjth the ultimate right , to see that the conditions and the agreement are fulfilled , that must remain with thr people . What is the essence of a bareain , if it does not reside in the right of the party to demand tho fulfilment of its term ? To tbo eo . vernmpntit bel-wgs to define allegiance ; but . centlemen , it belongs to us to define what wo think is '
protection . The middle classes enjoy the right of choosing parliamentary representative !! , and tho right is enjoyed by them almost exclusively . The representation may be fairly considered to be in their hands—the House of Commons is their creature ; with them , conrcquently , re sides tic power to give the franchise to those who have it not . That which the working classes ask for , the present constituency c-in cive or withhold . To us the poor man must look , and until we say yes . If not , no re-nurre remains to the unreorosented but physical force . Gentlemen , I think I had better advance one step further . I venture to remind yon , the middle clas ? , that whit we withhold from the unrepresented is not our own * . we are not in tho position of men who
f ' flny a favour whieh it may be inexpedient togranf-, b 't of those who refuse a riirht to which there exists an equi'able tit !" . Circumstances have placed under our control , sompwhat that bplonsw to our fellowman When thev ask us for the Suffra & o , they soon pWad as valid a claim as ourselves . We can eive no reason for our enjoyment of the franchise , which is not rqually forcible in their niouths ; not a single legitimate ground can we assign for our possession of the rieht to a voice which is not available to an equal rxtsnt for them . We say , that it is inexpedient to allow them the claim , however equitable , and that , in point of fact , their interests are better in our hands , than they would bo if placed in their own ; but to this , gentlemen . I may be allowed to reply , ' who made us the judges of what i ? , or what is not . for the interest'of the labiurinc clasfe ^ ? Tbrn
the tables , and imagine the ari-tocracy acting towards ouivelvet of the middle class , on the same maxim ; suppose , now , the majority of the present House of C < m ^ ons were to do as they have the power to do , namely—to decide that the aristocracy ein manage the affairs of the roJddle class much beMer than themselves—that Jbe rieht fhev now enjoy to possess the renresentation is , in fact , injurious , and that , henceforth , the house of Commons shall rons ' st exclusively of the nominees of purrs ; we sb / wld pr > bab ' y , uree in bar of this assumption , that we claim to be the best judges of our own interest , and that however much obliged tnthem for their nfrlcacions benevolence , wo must take fhe liberty of r « pudi . itine it with soorn ; change the parties , *» nd the assumption of the aristocracy becomes our own , the demurrer becomes that of the workine classes .
Mr Fauior said he should oppose Mr Swaine ; he was not for his mensure . He thoucht it would be dangerous to allow street cleaners and dtstmen to have a vote . Mr Nubktt waa at a l ^ ss to know upon what grounds any man could oppose Universal Suffrage . That man was not honest that would not allow bis fellow man the right he claimed for himself . If men were to pay taxes without having a voice , they roieht ns well live under tho Emperor of Russia . Mr Flatiier was far household suffrage . He did not agree with MrSwaine , and would not give the
riL'ht of suffrage to all tbe working men , because they were not to ba trusted . It was not , as Mr Swaine stated the working men who got us the Reform Bill—it was tho king . It would be no benefit to the mvk'tm : classes to have the vofp , if they had it tbcv would not know what men to choose . They could get the vote if they wished it , for l < . per week rent would give them it . The working psople are a worthless set . The policemen could not act bocause the working people took part with those thtt d d wrong—and the middle classes were the best friends of the p or labourers in keeping them out of the suffrage .
Mr Hind said he was for men of property having the vote , snd not the common labourer . The pre - sent' franchise was not quite so good as he would wish it . After a speech from Mr Cow in farour of the right of the working man to the suffrage , Mr Swainb made a very able reply . Tho CiumMAN put the question to tbe vote , and it was carried in favour of tho right of suffrage .
The London Confederation. The Davis Club...
THE LONDON CONFEDERATION . The Davis Club . —The usual week ' y meetinsr of this club was held on Monday evening last , which was Humorously attended . Mr T . Mahoney ( vicepresident ) in the chair , Mr F . I / ioney ( secretary ) read an article on tho'Land' from * the Usitfd Irishman , which was received with deifening applause . Mr Daly moved a vote of thanks to Messrs Matthewson and Galhraith ( two Scotch gentlemen ) for their splendid donation of fifty volumes of intoilechialand useful work * , by tbe best authors :, fn the library of tho club . Carried , nom . con Mr Daly , in alluding to the forming of rifle clubs in the metropolis , said he , thought he should not be out o f order in following out the policy of Lord John Rus
sell , who stated in the House of Commons , on speaking of the national defences , that it was rieht fnr England to lie prepared to meet aggre-sion . Ho ( Mr Daly ) would say that Irishmen should establish rill ' clubs , for it wou'd be well for them to be prepared This sentiment was recei ,-ed with loud and deafeninir cheering . Mr Maher , in an eloquent speci-h . add eased the meetins on the importance of support , ing the Irish manufacture movement , and that , in so doing , it would be the means of cementin . ' all classes of Irishmen together . Mr Maher then exhibited to tho meeting several trousers and waistcoat patterns , which appeared to give great satisfaction . Several persons having paid in their subscriptions , tho meeting adjourned .
A large meeting of the Westmisstkh Cofbbkratbs ( Curran Club ) was held on Sunday evenins last , at the Green Man , Berwick-street , Oxfordsireet . Mr Jeremiah M'Carthy in the chair . Articles from the Northern Star , and the Rev . Mr Kenyon ' s letter ^ from tho "United Irishman , were read , A long discussion then ensued with respect to the council of the Confederation , for having resorted to the mal-practises of Conclliatior .-hall , in striking the name of a person « nt from London off the list of council without alleging a reason for so doing . A remonstrance , numerously signed , has been forwarded to Dublin , demanding a thorough investigation . The meeting' then separated . Tiik Somers Town Cosfebbbatkb held a large meeting at the Old Temperance-hall , Seymourstreet , New-road . Sevpral speeches were delivered , full of nationality for Ireland , based on the widest principles of democracy . ' .
Manchester and Salford . —A large meeting of the members of this club was held on Sunday , the Votb . inat ., at their rooms , Great Ancoats street , which included several of tho ' fair sex . ' Mr Charles Byrne was called to the chair . Tho proeeadin-is of tho late Confederate meeting at the Rotund-i , Dublin , having been rend , the chairman said ho felt treat pleasure in introducing Mr Archdeacon , of Liverpool , a uentleraan whose name and services were well known to all present . Mr Archdeacon having delivcred an address which was loudly cheered , Mr Leacli then addressed the meeting in his usual eloquent style . It was then announced , amidst loud cheers , that Mr Archdeacon would deliver a lecture jn the Club-room , on that night week . The meeting was then adjourned .
Birmingham . —Tho members of this club held a meetinir , which was well attended , at theRornl Oak , LitchGeld-street , on Sunday , the 14 th inst . Mr Andrew O'Connor ( vice-president ) in the chair . The last day ' s proceedings of tho Confederation having
The London Confederation. The Davis Club...
been read , it seemed to be the nnanim ^ . of the club that the policy of the connni S ° - nioa situated as Ireland LtS " { ft"l 965 t ' ere long , such de ermined ^ nTunniS ff h Sv ° £ "f Irish nationally as tho « e stem natrinto „ . * "S Reilly . aud others woi-kmg « K S ? 8 ' » : ! # members of the present council ttVSiS * and Hart having addressed the meetir " » JJS ' resolved :- « That a public meeting ^ e £ ' &** on a day to be hereafter named ) , and that ie fot lowing gentlemen be invited to attend Jvir P 0 Connor , MP ., Mr Anstey , M P .. Mr ,. „ ,, ! £ V M . P ., Mr Thompson . M . P ., Mr Fox W ' u * Schofield , M . P .. Mr W . S . O'Brien M PM ' Mr C . D Duffy , Mitohel and other kadinz 7 rf « h 2 English Repealers . The folh . wingmembers were a" ? pointed on the committee to carry out the obiecfr r \ V M rfT 7 , Me 85 rs FeMherstone , Clare 0 Cann , M'Crakpj , , Unrfc , and Reilly . >
Liverpool —J . ohd Edward Club-On Sunda * evening last a meeting of the Confederates of thii borough was held at the George the F .. nrh AhSJ . bly-rooms , I ood-street . Mr Parker was called to the chair Articles from the United Ibmhma * weS u * a ^ d v ? , mPetm & wa 3 aMreesed by Dr Rev . nolds , Mr Kelly , < fcc . y New YoRK .-The New York Truth Tellkr of
. January loth , giv , » a report of an adjourned meetingot this body for ( he revision of rules , and other preliminary business . Mr Richard Walsh waa iu the chair Mr Eugene O'Sullivan acted as secrewry . the meeting further adjourned till the 18 th ot ¦ January , then to commence tho work of erganisation .
Address Of The Committee Of The Lokdon -...
ADDRESS OF THE COMMITTEE OF THE LOKDON STRONG SHOEMEN , IN UNION WITH THE NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OP UNITED TRADES FOR TUB PROTECTION OF INDUSTRY Tf > THOSE OF THEIR TRA . DE IN UNION WITH NOBODY AT ALL .
Snor-MATES , —The small band of men who through evil report and good report have steadfastly adhered to tbe trades' interests , think it an anomaly which has existed long enough , that in this great metropolis , whore upwards of a thousand men are employed in pulling those ' strings of misery' which , serve to protect the toes of the operatives within , it , that barely a poor handful is all that has sufficient spirit to stand toi / ether in de ence of the mcane
whereby they live . You will all acknowledge that 1 Union i * Strength ; ' then , of course , disunion is weakness You are disunited ; therefore vou are weak . Your employers have capital , which they have screwed out of your bines ; and whatever opposition they may manifest towards each other when in the market , they seek to dispose of the fruits of your industry , yet , upon tbe question of wasre . * , y oa will find them delightfully unanimous in screwing them down to the lowes t point ; there they are united , and there they arc strong .
Unito , then , with us . We have air of us raany grievances to redress , which it is needless here to particularise , as you know them too well . We cannot , however , refrain from reminding you of the system of the long . size stick , by the operation of which many of you make ' men ' s sizis , ' which you are constrained tooh'i- < ten 'boy ' s fours , ' and bepaid for accordingly . We have doubts whether a more barefaced cheat is tamely submitted to by any trade than this . If you relish this mode of robbery being practised upon you , in the name of all that is despicable , submit to it ; if , on the contrarv , you do not , in tbe mmc of all that is manly , organise ,
organise , organise ! for the rurpose of crushing that iron system which is crushing you . And why should you be in the poverty-stricken ' state you are at present , and bare been for a long time past ? You have , as much , as any branch of trade , your destinies in your own hands . No machinery can be applied to supersede our labour ; neither French nor Northampton work would ever suit the customers ot your employers , and your pUces could not ho supplied by mag'o ; thus unaniraity on your part could not fail of compelling thepurchasers of your labour to pay for it such wages a 3 would be fair and just between man and man .
The old trades' societies bad in them much that was good—much that required amendment . In case of any dispute with the employers a strike was the almost inevitable consequence , and the men were obliged to go upon the road at whatever risk ,. their families being left a burden upon the rest of the society , and that often in that part of the year when such a burden could not be borne- ; at the same time opening the door to a deal of ill feeling , and charges of jobbery on the part of members aeninst those who were obliged to be entrusted with affairs of this nature , much of which is got rid of by the responsibility being thrown upon a central body , whose position is something ot a guarantee that its best exertions will be exercised at the least possible cost to the body .
The National Association of United Trades fok the Pkothctio . v of iNBcsrRv , which we invite you to join , does not s Miction strikes , except as a last resource , having previously tried every influence that could bs brought to bear upon the employer by the whole moral force of a body numbering some 50 . 0 ( M > members , distributed throughout the empire . But when a strike can no longer be averted , the men ar & set to work for the Association at the full wages demanded of the master ; or , if that cannot be " done , tbey are supported at home , instead ot being driven to the road to seek a new home , and to compete in the glutted labour market in other parts of the country . The principle of self employment above referred to , tells with peculiar force upon the feelings and
interests of tbe greedy class of employers with whom our contests are exclusively to be carr ' ud on ; let one of them know , that in case of a strike being provoked by him that his men will be prepared to supply their customers and themselves , dispose of the profits which he might have had ; that in fact every such strike will raise him upa powerful competitor in tbe market , and you may depend upon it tint they wju alway think w ' e'l twice bifore being struck against once . ' This has already been proved in several instances , as at Holywell , Oxford , Bristol , and other places , where , when every other means hud boen resorted to in vain , the threat of employing the men as above bad thedesired effect .
and the haughty ovsrbearing master was at ence transformed into an aifable , complying employer . A female at Paddington , who has a shop at the upper parr of Drury-Iane , and who employs a considerable number of men , has just offered a reduction of one shilling a pair upon the closing of Wellington boots ,, thus reducing the price from two sbiPinss and sixpence to one shilling and sixpence , at one fell swoop . Cup anyone suppose that , bad her workaen been members of our society , she would have dared tr > makevuch an infamous proposition ? Most assuredly not . But at the time not a man of them In longed to the society , and she doubtless felt that those men who would not unite to protect each other were not entitled to any consideration from her .
The National Association is so constituted that ; boys and females may become members of it by paying the same per contage as that paid by the rcea —viz . twopence in the pound on their average earnings . Thus , suppose the women who do tin : bulk of the closing in our shops , and the binders , were to cjmbitw in this pned work , and were to return aa their average earnings seven shillings per week , their contributions would be under three farthings a week , nod in ca ^ e of strike they would be enti ' . led to suppurl , to the amount of five shillings and sixpence per ^ eek , unless they were set to work—and it , is high lime something was done to bring the work of women s hanrfs under the cognisance of society , f .-r reasons which must be obvious to every thinking man ; besides , the women , when once alive " to rhe beiuhts ot union , will generally be found the best men
We are assured that in this crusade against the vampires who suck the life blood of labmir , we shall have the assistance of all good men to whom our objects , and tho means by which we purpose to attain them , are fairly explained : good employer .- * , too—uni happily , though few , we are " not entirely destitute of such—will , we doubt not , find it to their interest toforward our views , inasmuch as wc seek to arrest that downward ten d ency of prices , which is brought about by the unprincipled part of their class , and c ^ mpellinn them , in spite of themselves , to bear heavily upon the hard earning of their imporeriched workmen .
Any one working at the above branch , who w > uld be willing to lend a helping hand in this work , i requested to communicate with the secretary ! - ; he Committee : address , Tcomas llawson , Fox < tid Hounds , Tottenham-court-road , where member ay be entered at any time , or on meeting nights , a -ixpence each . As soon as arrangements can be er i redfc into for tbe purpose , meetings will be establish .-1 in the various parts of the metropolis , of which du ? notice will be given , as f « r as can bo , to those wh .-m it may concern .
Didbli.Vo Machine. — Reading. —At A Publ...
Didbli . vo Machine . — Reading . —At a public meeting on Wednesday week Mr tl . Ellis exhibited to his brother members and others a D . bble he has invented . Thesurpiis » of all present at the lightness and beauty of the machine , was only equalled by thoir admiration of tho ease and regularity with which it performs its work . Tbe treat taunt oi ihis invention consists in its simplicity , notwithstanding the variety of tbe operations it performs . Glasgow—Deaths is 1347 —The mortality tables for G . usgow , for the year ending December 31 st , 1817 , have ju-t been prepared . The number of deaths is IS 886 , being a total quite unprecedented in the annals of the city , and exhibiting an increase over 1840 of 7 , 2 o 0 deaths . The proportion of deaths far exceeds the cholera year . Tho great mortalityhas arisen from the frightful immigration of diseased Irish , from whom fver has spread throughout the community . Upwards of 7 000 bodies havo been buried at the public expense during the year . '
_ Prince Wittgenstein , at Berlin , possesses a collf c « tion of no fewer than two kundvid snuff-boxes , which h : ive been presented to him by various sovereigns and princes ,
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), Feb. 26, 1848, page 2, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns2_26021848/page/2/
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