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T* TO THE IMPERIAL CHARTISTS
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!k iMt Beloted Feiesds ,—If a life of co...
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AM) NATIONAL TRADES' JOURNAL.
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VOL. X. NO. 433. LONDON , SATUKDAY, FEBR...
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TO THOMAS BABINGTON MACATJLEY, WHIG NOMI...
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Contsfprnftnti?*
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THE LATE M. Q. V. UYALL , whose death we...
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Sottim 8ffau&
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First in importance is the intelligence ...
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THE POLISH "CONSPIRACY." ^ GUAM) DUCHY O...
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Cftartfet inWKsemfc
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LONDON. National Victim Commute;:.—This ...
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Crate* $iotoent&
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1'HE TEN HOURS' BILL.
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MEETINGS LN BEHALF UF THE CHARTIST EXILE...
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MEETING AT DALKEITH. A public meeting wa...
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Lkkos.—The petitn-n from this town, in f...
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East Suvfoi.it Euctuw.—The election for ...
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Transcript
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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T* To The Imperial Chartists
T * TO THE IMPERIAL CHARTISTS
!K Imt Beloted Feiesds ,—If A Life Of Co...
! k iMt Beloted Feiesds , —If a life of consistency 1 pery perseverance can entitle me to the respect of a tent itient and considerate hearing , I now appeal to irpatnr patience and consideration . When the battle right right against might raged hottest , I was in its jmosramost ranks ; when power called for its victims , I srfhleerfaHy bore , not only my own share , but that ichtjiich the folly , the indiscretion , and treachery of ere feers imposed upon me . When the fe ? cr was over , i thdd the nation relapsed into quiescence , I stood & 1-staltst atone-in the calm ; I rejoiced that if there was iticalitical apathy , that apathy was caused by acomatiriratirc improvement in your social condition . My
at a « at aim and object , through life , has been to break m tjwn the crotchet barriers that secuonalised the lair cjur class , and to amalgamate the national mind onei one irresistible , overwhelming flcod of thought , [ eai Iearly foresaw thatthecentralisation of the wealthy aid wild only be resisted by the centralisation of the or ; flor ; and to prove that my mission has not been aborre , : ire , and my undertaking fruitless , I must again ask mtvou to take a retrospective glance at the position of mr ronr order previously to the establishment of the oTtk ' oTthtni Star , and to contrast it with your present [ siipceiiion . First , see our progress from 1810 to ? J 2 jSJ 2 . In 1 S 40 , it cost us £ 9 , 000 to get up twelve
lundjundred thous md signatures on behalf of our prin-¦ ipleeiples ; in 1841 , ourpetition numbered 2 . 300 , 000 , and SHt cost us but £ 37 ; in 1842 , our petition numbered thretiiree millions and a half , and cost us not a fraction , [ a Ha 1835 . we had not a working man who would venturslure to do more than propose or second a resolution Cp Cp to that period , there were few , if any , public mecmectinss . consisting exclusively of the working da . ~ da . ~ ses . When tbeir sham leaders wished to make a disj display , they were obliged to hare recourse to the pat patronage , the countenance , and the pockets of those M . 'Jf . P . ' s ^ ho were mast squeezable , and who possessed tic tie Tcatest amount of sham liberality .
] From that period to the present , I defy you toshow use use a single instance in which we were upon the eve of of one victory or another , that our triumph was not he marred \> v the treachery of professing friends . "WE
X 1 UEVER HAVE BEEN BEATEN BY OUR OPP < PONENTS . Now , behold the difference . Every tc town is fortified withlegions of eloquent propounded of of your own p rinciples . Discussion is invoked , but di denied . The press hears but to revile—reports but tc to damn . " The Crown is opposed to you—the Lords a are opposed to you—the Commons are opposed to y you—the press is opposed to you—the army is op-P posed to you—the navy is opposed to you—the police fi force is opposed to you—the Church is opposed to \ tou—the landed aristocracy is opposed to
you—capit talisU of all shades are opposed to you—machinery i is opposed to you—corporate power is opposed to you —the law is opposed to you—the judges are opposed i to you—the jury class is opposed to you—the bar is i opposed to you , Mid givesyou but an equivocal , hired : support—the middle classes are opposed to you—the officers of trades' societies arc opposed to you—the aristocracy of labour is opposed to yon—the comparatively comtortable of your own class are opposed to you—and not only are those several classes respectively opposed to yon , but a anion of them can onlv be effected when the object is your oppression .
Now , bear with me when I ask you to give a moment ' s calm reflection to such an undeniable array of facts ; and when you have reflected , then ask yourselves whether or no there must not have been some charm to have protected the Chartist body from such a combination of adverse elements ? It is because we have . withstood the combination of so many powers , when they were united upon conmvm grounds , that I now ask yen—that I now implore of yon—that I now beseechyon to be prepared for that day , which is JUST AT HAND , when our combined strength can be effectively directed against the disorganised ranks of faction .
In 1 $ S 9 , and in 1 S 42 , 1 traversed the country by nisht and by day , to caution you against the snares and the traps that the manufacturers had laid for you . I told yon , everywhere , to fold your arms while fictions fought their own battles , but you were deaf ; nevertheless I did not desert you , but again stood my trial at Lancaster , and defended even your indiscretion . Since then , a culpable apathy has invited everv « natto sting , every snarling cur to bite at me .
I hare stood all—I CAN STAND MORE ; and now the time has arrived when I may be called upon to stand the more powerful shock of powerful faction . Eat I am ready for that , whether you are prepared or no . The measures of Sir Robert Peel will very speedily force you into defensive action . They are bat the means to an end , and the end will be in strict accordance to the means you use : it will be your salvation or your undoing .
When Peel ' s policy was submitted to the country , I was charmed with it ; but , nevertheless , from the subordinate position that I hold in the movement , I did not feel my-elf justified in submitting it to the country with a stamp of my own conviction and approvaf alone . I felt it to be my duty to take the opinion of our recognised leader , and for that purpose held many conferences with him . Without knowing mv mind , he argued every question like a iar-seeins
statesman , like a wise politician , and real philanthropist , lie resolved that the measure should be taken as a whole , eulogised as a whole , and not lessened in importance by a niggardly carping . it those portions which may appear at first sight to threaten injury to particular sections of the labour class ; while he would use his every endeavour , while in committee , so to amend those portions of the measure as wonld lessen the hardships on the respective branches whose interests they were supposed to
assail . Not only had I his acquiescence in the measure , but I had his most unqualified approval , with the understanding that he would resist to the last any attempt to fritter away those portions which roust , nltimateiy , lead to the regulation of machinery , and the more equitable distribution of its produce . . Mr . Buncombe ' s speech on Thursday night last , more than ever convinced mc of his fitness as a leader , his power as a legislator , and hits courage as a man . I heard that speech delivered , and it was call and
wormwood to those who hoped yet to throw out the five years' RETROSPECTIVE industrial residence . Mark , the difference between prospeetive and retrospective is this : —Retrospective means , that every man who lias resided in the parish in which he has worked f or the last five years , shall be entitled to a settlement : prospective means , that if a man comes now to reside , he shall lire there five years to come before he is entitled to a settlement . I have strong reason w > believe and hope that an amendment will be moved and carried for a THREE TEARS' RESIDENCE .
Let me now ask you when there has been an instance in this country before , of one of the leaders of the people , outside , so cordially co-operating with a leader inside , and so devoted to him , personally and publicly , as to be ready to sacrifice his own life , cheerfully , in defence of his leader ? Is not this an advantage that the working classes never possessed before—and one to which they must mainly ascribe their present proud position ? While others would vainly attempt to pull me down , there is no sacrifice that I would think too great to elevate Mr . Luncornbe in popular estimation . I now come to the burthen of mv letter . 1 have told you , times out of
number , that the repeal of the Corn Laws was not a thing of such easy accomplishment . 1 have ever told you , that the landlords and farmers at the plough would beat the farmers that whistle at Downing-sticet , and would risk a revolution rather tbaa abandon their political privileges , and surrender a portion of their property ! Stanley ' s speech , upon Lord Beaumont ' s motion , convinces me that the present tactics of that patty are to turn every pulpit in the country into an a » itatbig stage , in favour , not so much of protection to agriculture , as in behalf of rank Protestantism and
b y Toryism . The object of his speech was to put the Church upon its metal by alarming it into resistance . 1 Lave stood almost alone , while I approved of Peel ' s measures , in the assertion that they would not be so easily carried . 1 told yon , \? hen last in Lancashire , that the next step tak « i by Stanley and Richmond would be , not the mere formati on of a Protectionist coverninent , but the formation of a high Tory government . The several contests that have since taken place , and especially in South Not tinghamshire , prove to me that something more than the mere pledge of protection will be required at the next general election from Tory candidates .
!K Imt Beloted Feiesds ,—If A Life Of Co...
It was a mere fallacy , a piece of bombast on the part of-the League to attempt to convince the people that a large number of the rural constituencies were with them . I tell them that they will lose even the West Riding of Yorkshire in the next struggle , and that that struggle is now at hand , and that my object is to prepare you for it . Well , then , when it comes , we must look well to what we do , and while we seek to destroy one faction , we must take care that we do not elevate a more cruel , irresistible , and dangerous one upon its ruins . We must not fight under the banners of free trade , wo must fight under the Chartist banners , remainin g wholly and entirely distinct from the mere cheap bread faction ; we must rally under Buncombe as our leader , and in all things obev his righteous commands .
Now , should the Lord s throw out the measure , the League , with millions at its back , will endeavour to hurry the country into a senseless revolution . WE WILL NOT DAVE IT THIS TIME , and , therefore , what I propose on my own responsibility is this : that fifty delegates shall be elected by the fifty towns or districts , to which the Executive shall issue their writs next week , and that they shall hold themselves in readiness at an hour ' s notice to start for Loudon , there to sit as a Chartist Convention , governing the movement , talcing advantage of all circumstance * that may conduce to our triumph , and obeying the commands of their constituents . Over this
Convention I make no doubt that Mr . Buncombe would cheerfully accept the office of chairman , which would give the country unmixed pleasure , and compel the corrupt press to convey Chartist strength to all corners of the globe . The expense of this delegation not to be borne by the towns from which delegates are sent only , but by the country at large ; while , again , I undertake that no delegate shall want his six shillings on each night , as I could not lay the crime to my conscience of having a second coat , while I saw that power was jeopardised for want of timely representations . I invite you to think well upon this project , and to bear in mind , that if we are out of the
strangle , or forced into it thoughtlessly , that we shall be absent upon the day when the spoils of triumph are divided . Let us have an answer from every town in England upon this policy as speedily as possible , so that writs may be issued to the several towns without delay , and that we may not be taken by surprise . la conclusion , I tell you again that 1 would rather live under a military despotism than under a united government of League and Whigs , and if you want further proof than that furnished seven davs in the week , read the two beastly letters
of Thomas Babington Maeauley , one of the Wing Cabinet , and then ask yourselves what you have to expect-from such a tribe . If you are not ready NOW , and if , for want of your preparedness , the League cajoles the country , then blame yourselves , and not me . I am prepared to face the dungeon , the dock , or the scaffold on behalf of Labour , but I am not prepared to advocate Labours cause after Labour shall hare handed itself over , bound neck and heels , to its greatest , its bitterest , its most cruel , griping , and unrelenting foe .
I told you when in York Cas * Ie that the test of patriotism was to live honestly and die a pauper . Whether I have lived honestly you c ; m tell , and that I shall die a pauper no rational man can entertain a doubt . However , I can , thank God , yet subscribe myself Your uncompromising , unpurchaseable , and faithful friend aud servant , Feakgcs O'Coxsob .
Am) National Trades' Journal.
AM ) NATIONAL TRADES' JOURNAL .
Vol. X. No. 433. London , Satukday, Febr...
VOL . X . NO . 433 . LONDON , SATUKDAY , FEBRUARY 28 , 1846 . % ; . T ' ' < „™ r , i - ™ ° * ~ ' rivr MWIIIIMM mill NiviietK ,.. . „« , *» .
To Thomas Babington Macatjley, Whig Nomi...
TO THOMAS BABINGTON MACATJLEY , WHIG NOMINEE FOR EDINBURGH . Sin , —If any communication that I hare to make to you was to be confined to mero letter-writing , I should abstain from the task for two reasons . Firstly , as regards yourself , your mind is not in a fit state to receive knowledge ; and , secondly , all who may have read your very foolish letters are not very likely to receive my answer . 1 therefore write this letter more for the defence of my own party , than from any hope
of making any impression upon you . My answer to you , sir , is this : I will meet you on the hustings at Edinburgh when the next opportunity presents itself , and I will there arraign you of folly , falsehocd , ignorance , and incompetency . I have no hope , sir , that my triumph will go beyond the mere exhibition of blistered hands , while , be ike result what it may in the polling-booths , I hereby pledge myself moat solemnly to fight the battle to its close , by polling as long as the law allows .
Allow me to remind you that a previous colleague of yours , now an expectant pensioner , once boasted at Edinburgh that he had killed Chartism . No doubt you believed his assertion , but it shall be my task to show you such a resurrection , as will convince you of his error . I shall now select a few passages from your letters for very brief comment . Upon the subject of Universal Suffrage , you write thus : — Jly reasons / or objecting to Universal Suffrage are vtrj different . I believe that the non-electors are as deeply interested as I am in the security of property and the maintenance of order ; but I believe that a very large portion of them do not understand their own interest , and might e .-. sily be induced , by the prrfiureof immediate distress , to act in opposition to their own interest .
Now , sir , allow me to ask what emergency could have induced you to write so senseless , so foolish , so ignorant , so contradictory a paiuigo ? You admit that the BODY of the non-electors have an equal interest with yourself in the preservation of order , but that a PORTION of them may be influenced ' " by the pressure of immediate distress to act in opposition to their own interest . " So then , sir , you rely upon the "pressure of immediate distress" upon a portion of the non-electors as a reason for
withholding the franchise from the body ? Why , most foolish man , that is the very uucontroverted and incontrovertible principle upon which we demand the enfranchisement of the BODY , in order that no PORTION may be INDUCED TO ACT UNDER THE PRESSURE OF IMMEDIATE DISTRESS . Now , I am aware thatarguiug with you , until I have an Edinburgh jury , is " throwing pearls before swine , " nevertheless , I must proceed with my extracts and comments . You go en , and in speaking of the objects avowed in the national petition , you
say , — They avowed that tlieir objects were national bankruptcy , coufecation of the soil , of canals , of railroadi , of piachinery—in short , the destruction of all property . Now , sir , you are aware that that was a gross , a gratuitous , a wilful and palpable falsehood . They avowed neither one or other of those objects . They avowed that it you were an Indian pensioner , receiving a large salary for insulting the natives , that you should be paid out of taxes imposed upon those who required your service . The petitioners required not national bankruptcy , but that the par ties * no
owed the debt should pay it ; Sir Robert Peel has since carried a large per centage of this policy into practical oj oration by diminishing the interest upon funded property , and imposing a property-t ^ x to pay another portion of the interest , and you supported him . Tie petitioners did not require the " confiscation of either land , railroads , canals , or machinery ;" what they required , and justly , was , that they should be made amenable to national , and not to class purposes ; and that is what they and I still maintain . So much for the political portions of your letter ; and now for a word upon the constitutional principles . You sav . —
Jholdtltfaulttvm-tole lawful and necessary . I conceits that the state has a right to call on every citizen to bear a part in protecting his native soil against assailants . Why , sir , the petitioners hold precisely the same views , but they also hold that they must possess the soil , or some more rit & t is it than you have left in your Poor Law Amendment Act , before they can enter into a DEFENSIVE WAR for its protection . I need not remind vou of the . excellent advice of Mrs . Glasse— "FIRST CATCH YOUR HARE , AND THEN COOK IT ;'
To Thomas Babington Macatjley, Whig Nomi...
and I assure you that when the petitioners CATCH THE LAND they will protect it against Whits p lunderers or foreign invaders , whether they appear as a naval squadron in the Forth , or as glib philosophers , Malthnstans , or sophists on the busting ^ You proceed thus , and I cannot forbear reprinting your opinions on the voluntary principle at length : — Now . if you may lawfully tontribute to tht support of a kind of force which has been and may be employed in offensive war , surely you may , without a twinge of conscience , contribute to the support of * force which is , by its nature , strictly defensive , and which is not likely ever to shed a drop of blood , unless danga ' r of the most fearful
kind should come near to our own hearths . I porsuadt ! myself that jour aversion to the use of arms does aot go to such height that you would hold yourself morally hound to see Edinburgh sacked by invaders without striking a blow for your home and family . Now , " the militia is meant to be peculiarly a security against invaders . It i . « not an instrument of aggression . You muit therefore admit it to bo , as compared with the regular army , an innocent institution . If . then , you refuse to pay anything towards the militia , while you are paying the soldiers and sailers who have just btoa fighting at llu » H 03 Ayres , I must say thatyoa strain at a gnat and swallow a camel .
What then sir , you see no distinction between voluntary contribution for the maintenance of war , Mid a compulsory tax levied at the point of the bayonet ? You argue as if tho people not only > ohin ? tarily , but cheerfully paid those taxes by which wars are carried on . You don ' t seem to understand the difference between the voluntary and compulsory principle . Really , sir , your illustration is most laughable ; it is you who appear to swallow the camel and strain at the gnat ; and verily , if hitherto you have preserved a character for eloquence in modem Athens , I think you have now entitled yourself to the distinction of P . N . L ., Professor of New Logic .
I now dismiss the constitutional portion of your letters , and shall offer a comment or two upon your notions of justice . Your lamentations over the great destruction committed at Newport are very characteristic , coming from a " turbulent and designing " Malthusinn Whig , whose party have committed more destruction upon the rights of the working classes than all other parties put together , who created turbulence through famine , and nearly a national Bankruptcy through jobbing and peculation . The magistrate who was wounded in the discharge of his duty was a petty-fogging lawyer , one Thomas Phillips , now Sir Thomas . "An' if it please ye , " he was not wounded in the discharge of his duty , he wounded himself with a broken pane of glass in the attempt to put up a shutter to screen himself from his
townsmen , to whom he had rendered himself odious ; and report says , and I believe it , that the room smelted very unsaroury while engaged IN THE DISCHARGE OF HIS DUTY—this was the only discharge that I have heard of . You say , " what has been tbeir punishment ? Transportation for abou ; five years f" Now , that was not tlieir punishmenttheir punishment was sentence of death commuted to trausportaion for life . Five years' transportation is the limit we wish to put to the punishment ; and really , sir , for a professor of new logic , a barrister , a member of Parliament , ex-king , ex-cabinet minister , and to becx-M . P . for Edinburgh , the people have a right to expect better reasoning . You close your brutal epistle thus : — " I cannot hold out any hope that I shall rote for an address in favour of these
GREAT CRIMINALS . " Now , sir , I tell you here , as I shall tell you to your teeth in Edinburgh , that you are a GREATER CRIMINAL . Your master , Lord John Russell , arid your party , led to the commission of that crime , and perpetrated moro crimes against the nation , thin in the longest life they could obliterate . You robbed the poor , and fattened upon the plunder . Sou coerced Ireland—you transported the most enthusiastic of your friends , and hung the most serviceable of your allies . You entered into league and covenant with the Political Union of Birmingham , and then you attempted to frame an act for the annihilation of all unions . You stretched the law in favour of tvranny , and withheld its protection from those
whom you induced to violate its provisions , lour many crimes and delinquencies , however , shall receive the fitting chastisement when the fitting tinie arrives . The public has long marked you a * a heartless pensioner , and I will brand you as a consistent juggler . You boast of eloquence , but you are a mere bladder-full of wordy nothings . You are a glib philosopher , a stern Malthusian . You hate mankind , because you look mere like a stall-fed , shaved ape , than like a human creature . You are everything that ' s bad , nothing that's good . You are an awkward pedant , an ugly fop , a GREAT CRIMINAL . Pray be consistent , and don't insult our friends by voting for their release . I am , your enemy , Feahgus O'Coxxon .
Contsfprnftnti?*
Contsfprnftnti ?*
" The people fight and suffer : —think ye , Sirs , If neither country had been curbed with chief , The peasants would have quarrelled V John Ball , of Soiithey ' t Wat Tyler .
TO THE EDITOR OF THE XOUTHEBS STAK . DEAE Sia , —You will perceive that a St « r sometimes reaches into the north of Yorkshire ; I observed in the Star of February 7 tb , that there is a society sprung into existence called the "National Anti-Militia Society . " 1 beg leave to ask if any person , as distant as I am , would be eligible to become a member of the said society ; and should I be allowed to join , would there bu any objection against sending a post order for five shillings at once , as I consider it would save both trouble and expense ? It is true , sir , I can ill afford to do so , but would strain a point to do it , if allowed , l'erhaps the committee may require to know my objections against serving in the militia ; if so , I can only simply state , that I have no voice in nuking such laws as the militia lu \ m , or in
choosing the men who do make them ; aud , therefore , I dou ' t see bow I can , " itli any justice , "be called u ; iun tn obey them . Secondly , I don ' t Hk « fighting , it is « trade 1 never practised , and I dou't feel inclined now , at furty two years of age , to learn the art . Thirdly , I have nothing to protect , save a wife and four children , firee ol whom are above ten years of age ; nevertheless , I think they require so much of my attention and care , that 1 ought to have no time to spare to learn the art and mystery of becoming a human butcher . Last , I cannot perceive any right I hare to take , or to attempt to take any man's life , by any means that a government may
think proper to put into my power , under the pretence oi serving the Queen and country ; and I should object to hire another person to do the work I object to do myself . In self-defence I should believe myself justified in taking any man ' s life , or in defence of my wife and children , though it wight be against the law of the land : the consequences 1 might , perhaps , have to consider afterwards . Will you please to inform , mc it * 1 shouU be accepted , also the secretary's address , and tho most convenicut place for a post-order to be drawn at , which will greatly oblige Your obedient , humble servant , Hovingham , Feb . , 18 i « . Uobeut Johnstone .
I ' . S . —I ought to have stated that 1 have nothing to support my family on , save what I earn by journeyman shoemakisig , and which amounts to tea ' shillings or twelve shillings per week . jj " j _ [ We thank our friend for his manly letter , and , in reply , beg to Congratulate him u ,, on having IMSl ' JUAMf IED himself for the trade uf man- butcher by getting tour children . He need not semi live shillings from lit " poor store , he is exempt in consequence of having four children ; two would do , hut wc hope he will lov < . them all the better for the service they have saved him from . We honour his love of justice in not wishing to Lire a SUBSTITUTE MCltDEKEll . 1
The Late M. Q. V. Uyall , Whose Death We...
THE LATE M . Q . V . UYALL , whose death we announced in last wet k ' s . % « r , was buried at St . John ' s-wood on Suudav afternoon , February 22 nd , followed by his friends , and committed to it grave without priestly interference . Over his a < hes , Messrs . Paterson , Kuffv Ridley , and Ilornblowcr , bore public testim ony to liis private and social virtues , moral purity , honest daring , intellectual ability , and literary excellence . Thus elosed tho career of a true champion of popular right , who dHd as he had lived , an undaunted foe to religious liespo . tism , and a most earnest advocate oi man ' s noblest prerogatives .
Sottim 8ffau&
Sottim 8 ffau &
First In Importance Is The Intelligence ...
First in importance is the intelligence of the progress of . - : ¦ THE WAR IN INDIA . A full account of the sanguinary battles of Moodkoe and Ferozeglwh will be ' found in our fifth and sixth pages . Press of matter compels us to postpone our observations on the origin of the war , which we purpose in oar next to elucidate for the information of our readers . The news of the intended insurrection in
. POLAND , which was to have commenced on tho 9 th instant , has not been confirmed , but there can be no doubt that the insurrection was fully expected , as is pwvod by the despotic measures employed to nip it in the bud . Wo give in another column some details of the arrests of the suspected . The Universal German fondle states that the police had seized tho treasury of the " conspirators , " containing 60 , 000 tlialers . This , if true , is a heavy misfortune . Terror reigns throughout unhappy Poland , but the terrorists themselves tremble , doubting , as they do , the fidaiity of their armed forces . A letter from Lemberg in Gnlicia ( that part of Poland under the tyranny of Austria ) , describes the army as being . "compromised" as well as the people . The government" distrusts the political dUpositions of the . troops . " Al-. &\ in ~ . i .-l- fcl ... nut ^ . AHn -im J ' .. )) ^ tln nHMofn ni \ Y * 1-11 » If A AH ll uiu micabuuwuuo
. JMVtfiiP nio iniavna uie iuii , » on » large scale . . Since the ' above was written we have seen it stated in the German journals , tl » t an insurrection hits broken out in the Polish province of Volhjnia , one of the provinces annexed to Russia in the first partition of Poland . The news this week from
FRANCE is not very interesting . On Saturday a renewal of the struggle on the question of Public Instruction took place in the Chniul & r of Deputies , in which M . Bkbrykr and the Legitimists supported tho Ministry against the motion of M . Barkot and M , TfUKltS , which was rejected by a majority of 07 . On Monday Al . Guizot formally declared , in one of tho bureaux nfjhe Chamber of Deputies , that the government had cjfnplctcly abandoned all idea of sending an expedition to Madagascar , and that it would content itseli with reinforcing the garrisons of Bourbon aud Mayotte . lie added , that the English government would follow the example of France , and not chastise the Ilovas upon this matter . The two governmen t * evidently see , that under present circumstances , " discretion is the better part of valour . " The Arabs and the Sikhs are cutting out more than sufficient
work for both governments . The Chamber of Deputies assembled on Monday to examine the project of law relative to certain extraordinary credits demanded by the Minister of War for defraying the expenses incurred in Algeria . These credits amoMnt to 25 , 403 . 841 f . The increase sought is 31 , 000 men , and 3 , 317 horses . "Civilising" the Arabs appears to be rather an expensive amusement . The National publishes a circular , addressed by the committee oi the "Extreme Left , " composed of M . Pupotlt ( dv I'Evwii ) , M . Avago , General Thiard , MM . Marie Legendre , Carnot , and Gamier Page ? , to their friends throughout the provinces , apprising them , that as the term of the existence of the present Chamber ot Deputies will expire in the year 1847 , it is almost certain that a general election will take place durinu the present year , and that the electors should prepare for that event . The week ' s intelligence from
GERMANY is but of little account . We announced in our last the dissolution of the Chambers in the Grand Duchy of Baden . The government of Baden , like all the powerless sovereignties of the smaller States of Germany , is obliged to submit to the dictates of its powerful allies , and from them it received an order to dissolve the Chamber of Deputies . A revolution ^ ary agitation is tho result . The Opposition having had a constant majority during the last session , is almost sure to re-enter the Chamber . Its leaders , Itzstein , Plathy , Basserman , Velcker , and Hecker , reckon with certainty oh resuming their scats . The political ferment in Germany constantly increases , besides the troubles so rife in Western Prussia ; explosions are apprehended in Silesia and other parts . The news from
SWITZERLAND is more interesting . The Grand Conncilof Berne , on the 14 th , passed a decree , regulating the formation ot the Constituent Assembly . Theelcction of the deputies is to be held on March 7 th . There is to be one deputy for every 3 u 0 citizens , making 139 deputies for the whole canton . Tho qualifying age for votins ; has hitherto beer , twenty-three years , but on this occasion those who have attained twenty are to be admitted to give their sulfrages . The only exceptions are men of unsound mind , bankrupis , those who have received charitable relief , and convicts condemned to inlamous punishments . To be eligible to become a deputy , the candidate must be a citizen o ; Berne , be qualified to vote , and be of 25 years of age
and upwards . The constituent body is to meet on March 16 th . The democrats are carrying all before them . The l * rem ( Paris paper ) states , that— " There has just occurred is the Grand Council of Berne a scene which recalls the most stormy periods of the national convention . It is already known , that ill consequence of a resolution moved in that assembly , the nine members of the Council of State who were opposed to the revolution were summoned to promise idliuially by a public declaration their earnest assistance to the new order of things . This motion was placed amongst the orders of the day for the 15 th . The discussion commenced by a covp d ' etat . It was decided that the nine members accused should not be orescnt at the debate . M . Neuliaus , who a year since
was the supreme chief aud the oracle ot the Radical party , was expelled from the Chamber by the Radicals . This fact says move than all our comment-. It is all proportions , observed anew edition of the Givonuins and the M'mtagnards . After this decision , a committee was forthwith appointed to prepare resolutions . The committee was composed of the movers of the resolution , and they elected M . Ocli-. seubein , chief of the free corps , for their president . It prepared the following resolutions — ' Considering that the nine members of the Executive Council who signed the declaration of the 27 th of January last e . x prcssedan opinion t liatthcy regarded thecstablishiucnt of ' a constituent assembly as a violation of tho constitution , and that ihev never could assist in its
formation ; considering that , in consequence of the popular vote of the 1 st of February , the Grand Council has decreed that a constituent assembly should be appointed to revise the constitution ; considering likewise that the interests of tranquillity and ol public order require imperiously that the nine incmbersoftlieCouncil of State from whom thedeclaration of the 27 th ( if January emanated should declare how they propose to reconcile the opinion which they enounced with tlieir position of members of the elevated executive authority , of which they compose the majority , —tho Grand Council decrees , ' That
the nine councillors ot state above alluded to he summoned within an hour and a half , to swear that they will assist in the execution of the resolution of tho Grand Council , which lias confided the revision of the constitution to a constituent assembly . ' An amendment , timidly presented in favour of the accused , was rejected with indignation , and by an immense majority . " It-was finally determined by a majority of seventy-fivei against twenty-nine , " that the nine members of the executive council should « ive an explanation on the 2 l > th of February , at eight in the morning at the latest . We have no news from
ITALY , but we request the attention of our readers to the first of a series of articles tinder the head of " Revelations of Rome , " wh : ch will be found in our seventh paw . The Ministerial crisis in
SPAIN is ^ aid to lie terminated by tho appointment of M . PiiM . v Aguayo as Minister of Finance , in the r oom ol M . Mux , resigned . The explanation of the new ministers took place in both houses on the Kith . The new title of Coimnamlev-in-CUief of theavmy . conferred on Nnrvaez hv the new ministers , has been explained bv them a < merely honorary . The order of the dav , signed b v the governor of Madrid , would , howcr , indicate that it was originally viewed m another light , for it direct * that , conformably to hcv Miijestv ' s ' conunand . a gu ard of Honour and an escort of cavalry bo p laced ' at the disposal of General Narvacz . The accounts' from ' ' ALGERIA
continue to be extremely unfavourable tothe rrcncii . So jtreat is the alarm produced by the rapiu movenieiits of Abd-i'l-Kader , that Maivshal Dufteaud has removed the whole of the regular troops from tho eiiy of Algiers to the points threatened by his indefatigable adversary , leaving the civic guard to do duty within the capital of the colony , aided by the military convicts , who have also been armed . The Paris papers are filled with complaints of the condition of this much-vaunted conquest of France—Algeriathat ennouest which it is confessed has cost already £ 40 , 0 u 0 , 0 W sterling , and—we state it with regretthe lives of more than 300 , 000 Frenchmen . Tho
First In Importance Is The Intelligence ...
state of alarm which pervades the French sovem mentis known to be extreme . s « " « fl
The Polish "Conspiracy." ^ Guam) Duchy O...
THE POLISH " CONSPIRACY . " ^ GUAM ) DUCHY OF POSEiY . Posbs , Fkbucakt 14 . —This morning , between the hours of one and half-past two , p . m ., the whole garrison was on foot , and in a few moments all the gates of the town and tho bridges on the Wartha were occupied by numerous detachments . Cannons were levelled on tho great square Del' Artillerie ; the great square Guillaumewas occupied by detachmentsof cavalry and infantry , with two pieces of ordnance ;; detachments walked the streets , escorting the head * of the police . The bazaar was equally occupied by the troops , and various hotels were entered and searched . One hour afterwards the authorities published the following proclamation : —
Tho extraordinary measures taken this day are com . manded by necessity . The occupation by tho military , and the closing of the gates Of the town and Of tllO bridges , are rsqulslte for the maintenance of order aud tranquillity . The persons « ho have heon avrosted are accused of conspiring against the government , and by criminal project ' s ' of endangering the safety of persons and of property , as well in the town itself , us in the province of Poscn . As it is our duty to guard tho town and country from menacing Hanger and grave comequences , we trust that all well . intentionod inhabitants will place in us their entire ' confidence , and tho care for their safety : that by their conduct they will prove them , selves good citizens and wdrthy and loyal subjects of out wcU-belorcil king and master , and that thuy will peacefully acquiesce in the disposition we have thought lit to adopt .
Nevertheless , should any ono endeavour , cither through tolly or through bad intent , to rend jr opposition and cause disorder , he muy expect to be visited with the full rigours of tho law . —Poseu , this 1 Mb Fsb ., 1846 . Signed , Lieutenant-tfencral De Stcinaceher , first commandant , and De Minutoli , President of Police . The persons who have been arrested are nvincipally young men of tho provinces ; many of tiieni belong to families of distinction ( they amount to forty ) . The general in command of the fifth division of the army has ordered various detachments into the provinces to assure the maintenance of tranquillity . The Frankfort Post Gazette contains the following , dated Posen , 16 th inst . : —
For tha last few days it was remarked that the Polish noblemen , who , contrary to their habit , had kept away from Posen this winter , were congregating here in large numbers . Yesterday they amounted to upwards of 600 , and at the hour when most of them were sitting down to dinner in their hotels , the William-square was of a sudden occupied by troops , as well as the avenues leading to it . Immediately afterwards domiciliary visits aud arrests commenced . 100 Polish noblemen were taken into custody in the bazaar , and conveyed to the Governor ' s msidence , when those who could not account in a
satistajtory manner tor their presence m Posen were sent to prison . Ninuonly of the thirty-nine reputed chiefs of the conspiracy were arrested iaat evening . Tliu others had absconded , but as they arc proprietors they will soon bo discovered . Couriers were despatched in various directions ; the gates were then opened , and strong bodies of soldiers continued to patrol the Btreets during the whole night . A great quantity of gunpowder and considerable sums of money were seized in the possession of two of the conspirators and carried to the police . All the persons arrested in Posen and in other tonus of the Grand Duchy on the 14 th inst . had been removed to the citadel of Pitfeu .
Cftartfet Inwksemfc
Cftartfet inWKsemfc
London. National Victim Commute;:.—This ...
LONDON . National Victim Commute ; :. —This body met on Sunday evening , February 22 nd , at the IlnlJ , 1 , Tumagain-laue—Mr . Sluiw in the chair . Letters were read from Mr . John Richards , acknowledging the receipt of £ 2 , voted at the last meeting ; and from Mr . Robert Brook , of Todmordcn , making an appeal for assistance on behalf of Mr . Jh . uk . ' . - > M » on « y ; of Millwood , Todmordcn . Mr . Milne moved , " That the sum of £ 2 be awarded to Mr . James Moonev , " which was seconded by Mr . G . II . Tucker , and carried .
Hammersmith . — Fuobt , Wiuums , and Jones . — The friends of the above martyrs are informed that ( ictitions on their behalf lie for signature ai Mr . Culliugham ' s , builder , King-street , Hammersmith ; Mr . Newell , boot and shoemaker , 5 , Proviili iiccplace , Brook Green-lane ; and at Mr . E . Stallwodd ' s , i , Little Vale-place , llummer . imith-road . Friends of humanity , attach your names immediately , as the petition must shortly be forwarded to the members for the county for presentation . AlERTUYlt TYDVIL . The members of branch i \ o . 1 of the Land Society met in their Reading-room on Sunday morning , Feb . 2 ' 2 nd , After reading the Star , we started to see an estate that is for sale , within five miles of iVierthyr . We have sent the full description of it to Mr . O'Connor . After our return a portion of Mr . O'Connor ' s work on "Small Farms" was read .
NORWICH . On Monday evening , at a meeting of the Cliavtisls of this town , the following resolution was unanimously agreed to;— " That it is tho opinion of this meeting that an address should be published to the country , showing the injustice of war , the horrors of war in India , aud the tyranny o f the embodiment ol the militia ; that our secretary he instructed to re quest the Executive to publish such an address , and taat we pledge ourselves to give it every circulation . "
OLDHAM . On Sunday last , Mr . Edward Clark lectured in the school-room of the Working Man ' s Hall . S 10 CKPORT . Mr . Danovan , of Manchester , lectured in the Chartist Room , Bombers-brow , on Sunday evening last . The lecturer gave universal satisfaction . A lecture will he delivered in the above room on Sunday evening next , at six o ' clock precisely . SirrrON-IiY-ASHFIELD . A branch of the Laud Society lias been established here . The member * will meet at Mr , Charles Mcakin ' s , next Sunday evening , at live o clock . All persons wishing to become members are requested to attend .
SUDBURY . The weekly meeting of the member * of tho Chartist Co-operative Lanu Society was held at J . Goody ' s Coffee and News-room , Cross-street . A fresli committee was elected , and it was decided to call a general meeting of tiie members on Thursday , tho ifb ' ih , ior the purpose of explaining to the members who have only paid just the Is . id ., that they could not be consiuered members till they had paid 2 s . -Id ., and something on eaeii share . Those mcmber . s have been waiting for the enrolment . Kiirolled or not , the members of Sudbury are deteimined to stfhiid by the society . After the business of the meeting was concluded , the health of Mr . O'Connor was drank . A meeting of the friends of liberty takes place every Sunday evening , at seven o ' clock , for discussion , and reading the Northern Star , at J . Goody ' s Collcuand News-room , Cross-street . All persons are at liberty to attend . The members of the Chartist Co-o |> eiiitive Land Society will moot every Monday night .
ALVA . Mr . Abraham Duncan delivered a lecture here , in the People ' s Hall , on Thum ' ny evening , upon "The comparative merits of Free Trade ami the People ' s Charter as a means to elevate the condition of the working classes . " The hall was crowded to the door , and when Mr . Duncan made hi . s appearance lie was received with a loud burst of applause , it being the first time he had been in Alva for the last two years . Mr . Andrew M'Kenzie was called to the chair , and , with a few words of preface , introduced the lecturer . Mr . Duncan briefly traced the rise and progress of commerce , showing its barrenness of influences to save or elevate tho nations that were engaged in trading . He then entered into an analysis of the
niuralttyof " buy cheap ami sell dear , " and by a few quaint illustrations called the attention of hi ? audience , to-the ban elVucts of that principle upon the uniiinninity . lie then stated , with great force , the elevating influences of the principles of political equality , as they inspire the mitid with heroic thoughts leadiii" to tho most dieniiicd actions . Mr . Duncan vindicated the past movement for the atiainment of the People ' s Charter , with all its delects , as one of the must noble efforts ever made by a people in any « g for the actattinieitt of freedom . The audience throughout was very attentive , and the repeated bursts of applause that interrupttd the . sneaker showed how much those present sympathised with the sentiments of the lecturer .
GLASGOW . No . 1 Branch of the Glasgow Chartist Co-operative Land Society held their usual meeting hi Mr . Murdock ' sSchool-room , No . 27 , St . Andrew's-siiuare , on Tuesday evening , Feb . 2-fth ; Mr . James Maun in the chair . After Mr . O'Connor ' s letter in last week ' s Star had been road , Mr . Sherrington read the " Preliminary remarks" in M >\ O'Connor ' s work on Small Farms , which gave great satisfaction to the member * . A club was formed for the purchase ot the work , and fourteen copies were subscribud for .
London. National Victim Commute;:.—This ...
1 ' uAMKwoiiK Knittehs ' PsTiTiojt . —Tothc Right Hon , Sir James Graham , Bart ., her Majesty ' s principal Secrc . tary of State for tho Home Department . The respectful memorial of the undenigued framework knitters ' workmen engaged in the manufacture of hosiery , in tho county of Nottingham , sheweth , — "That an act , at the prayer of your memorialists , foundad upon tin . raport of tho commission appointed by her Majssty , to inquire into thastate of tha workmen employed in the making of hosiery , was passed during the late session of Parliament , in which the master manufacturers , generally termed hosiers , and their agents , generally termed masters , were required ( to prevent fraud ) , upon giving out their material to to wrought into hosiery , a ticket specifying
the quantity of material delivered , and the quantity of work required for a given quantity of labour , according to the ? schedules inserted in the act , under a penalty of any sunt undertive pounds ; wbichstatutecameintoopuration on tha first day of January last : — " Thatyour memorialists humbly i ' epreie » t , that upon such law coming into force , the hosiers , especially the larger aud mora influential ton . " , many of whom are justices of th » peace for the town of Nottingham , absolutely and unconditionally , in the most daring and determined manner , boldly refused to obey the said laws , some of them declaring their full resolution not to receive any information , unless compelled to do soby writs of mandamus from the Court of Queen ' s Bench ; and they now , in the most unqualified manner , refuse i * deliver out tiekats to their agents , and issue thdr
materia ) , in deiitijioe of her Majesty , and you , as the Executive powot , empowered by the crown to see the laws obeyed and enforced . Your memorialists further aepresent , that the persons engaged by them as agents , to- give out and distribute tha material to your memorialists , have been openly encouraged am ! abetted in-refusing to give out tteUat » according to law , and that such agents or master stockingers have openly met ia largs bodies , and hare come to tha resolution of not issuing tickets , aud : have opened made subscriptions for tho purpose of hising persons to defend them in vase informations should be laid against them , and also to pay fines and expenses that may be imposed on them , which meetings and conspiracies / to brave and evade the law have not been disuouragvd by the manufacturers who
have threatened those maittenwith taking their frames fwwft those who' have declined to join the conspiracy , That your memerialists , anxious to forward the benevolent intention of lies Majesty , her government , and Parliament towards tlwui , have , with groat difficulty , on account of the intimidation osed by the hosU-rs aud their agents , laid two informations —\ me before the justices aetitijf for the county , and the othtr for the toon o £ Nottiflghmi—but in both instances the justices , acting under the iiiftueucc of the hosiers , as your memorialist ? believe , have rtfused to convict , allegtug that the act of Parliament is so wrong-worded that they cannot comprehend its meaning , and consequently the statute is to ' all intents-and purposes nugatory , and tha intentions of our most gracious Sovernign , her Ministers , and Parliament ,
to-psotectyour memorialists , ararendeistl wholly abortive , as though they had not the power or authority to enforce ' the laws made by them . That upon the information laid before the town justices-, the hosiers who wire justices , attenilvd aud remained in the room at the time the sitting justices were in private , considering their decision , in open-contempt ot ' the reutesuntatiouH of jour memorialists ,, i >» d actually hired the attorney who acts as the justice's clerk to the county magistrates to de : end and advocate their cause . Your memorialists , therefore , humlsly throw themselves upon the public spirit , vigour , and justice of your honour , amthuiuhly pray you to caws an inquiry to be instituted , without dtday , into 'he conduct of the justices , the justices' clerk , the hosiers , tu . d their agents , and that a full report be made to vou
accordingly , that you may prove to the nation and to the world that her Miijunryli government will shew no respect to any class of persons , hut will see the laws wholly obeyed , in whatever situation in life may be the offender . Your memorialists further humbly pray , that , if upon such inquiry your house should discover that any justice of the peace lias entered into any combination or Conspiracy to In ' nve and « r » dc the Jaw , or shall be foni & to refuse to issue the tickets requirrd by law , that you will direct her Majesty ' s Attorney-General to enter a criminal information against them , and further , that you H'illadvisa her Majesty to strike their names out of the commission of the peace , as unworthy to act in it , who > refuse to « nforce her laws because they are supposed « o > militate against the interest and prejudice of such
justice . Your memorialists , being reduced in their wages to less than an average of tive shillings weekly , lure m-t the means of enforcing the laws of their country against their rich and powerful masters , and they confidently hope that this very circumstance will itidwie her Majesty's Ministers to asi-ist them in their calamity , and that tiie Executive having commenced to protect , will not abandon them to tho oppressions now imposed upon them , and that in defiance of the law , as tin .- masters have now openly set your tuemoralists the fatal oxatnple of breaking the laws aud setting t . ' -iem at defiance when it suits their interest , which , if followed up by other classes , w . ll undermine tho very foundation of good government aid civil society ; and youv meuiociulista will , as in duty bound , uverpiay .
Crate* $Iotoent&
Crate * $ iotoent &
1'He Ten Hours' Bill.
1 'HE TEN HOURS' BILL .
MEETING AT C 0 NGLBT 05 . A public meeting of the inhabitants of the borough of Oongleton was held on Monday evvniny , in the As , ien-. b : y Room , Town Nail , to take Inso consideration the p : opriety of petitioning Parliament in tiivour of a Tea flours' factory Bill , Tho meeting was very iiui ) ierou > ly attended . Mr Alderman Warrington , who always takes delight in promoting the interests and welfare of his fellow townsmen , was unaniuiousli railed to the chair , and was enthusiastically cheered . Ai ' cer stating the object of the meeting , the chairman called upon Sir . T . Carty ( an old veteran , turned three score years and ten , and who had been taken to the place of meeting in a hand-cart , ) to move tho first resolution , which was similar to those adopted at other meetings convened for the same purpose . The resolution was seconded by Sir , J . Gosling ; after which , Mr . If est , of Macclesfield , supported the
lesolutiou amidst great applause , and made one of the tuo . it argumentative speeches that most of his hearers ' ever hail the pleasure of hearing . The resolution was carried unanimously . Mr . Henry Skellern then proposed a petition , the prayer of which was , " that a good and efficient 'feu Hours' factory Rill fce enacted witbouS ¦ May . " Sir . J . Burgess seconded the motion , which was carried without any opposition . It was proposed aud carried , that the petition be sum to Sir Philip Edgerton for presentation to the House of Common :-, and that Mr . Tolleiniiehu l > a requested to support iho prayer thereof . A vote of thanks was then unanimously passed to the Mayor for hi . s kindness in allwwing the u * s of the Town Hall . Sir . Carty proposed , and Sir . West seconded , a vote of thanks to the worthy Alderman , for his kindness in presiding over the meeting , which was carried by acclamation . The chairman uvkttowlvdgnl tlw compliment , and the meeting broke up highly satisfied .
Meetings Ln Behalf Uf The Chartist Exile...
MEETINGS LN BEHALF UF THE CHARTIST EXILES . [ Continued J ' rom our Third Pane . ' ] FROST , WILLIAMS , AND JONES . INTENDED MOTION ' OF T . S . DUSCOMl ' . E , M . P . The Albany , Feb . - 'i , 1846 . Dkas Stu , —I thought it was univer . ialty understood tint I should not bring on my motion for , at least , a . fortnight or three weeks , and you are quite right in say . ii . g that it was so arranged when 1 last had the pleasiue of seeing you . In about a fortnight or throe weeks I hope that this coin question wilt huso for advaucd , that 1 shall then hi' able to bring it foroym ) , and in tin- mean time , I hops you will have overything in preparation , at least as far as petitions can avail , 1 remain , dear sir , yours faithfully , Tit 03 . S . Duxctixss . Sir . Thomas Chirk .
Meeting At Dalkeith. A Public Meeting Wa...
MEETING AT DALKEITH . A public meeting was held in the Masons' Hall , to petition the House of Commoi s to memorialise her Majesty to extend her mercy to John Fni . it , Zephaniaii Williams , and William Jones . At the time appointed , Mr . fJauiel Potter was called to the chair , who opened the business of the meeting by a few appropriate remarks . The resolutions ( . three in number ) were moved , seconded , and supported by the following gentlemen - . —Messrs . William Taylor , Samuel Clark , James MM'herson , James - \ iauu , Alexander . Mnnroe , James Taylor , and Steel . A petition , si-nod by the chairman , was asvtrd to , aud sunt to Sharnian Crawford , M . I ' ., for presentation .
Lkkos.—The Petitn-N From This Town, In F...
Lkkos . —The petitn-n from this town , in favour of tho liberation of l'Yast , Williams , ,-imi Jut . cs , it ih' be mitt ' iity in numbers and influence . The ' iitpnbera attached to it already amount to mure than 'JO . liOO , and before it is sent for presentation it is especico . to bo JJO . OCO . Among those who have , signed are several members of the Town Council , mosf of the principal . shopkeepers in Urn-gate , and the other principal streets , and several clergymen , in .: ; mliiitf Dr . llo » u , the vicar of this parish . Tiie petition will l ; u for Mgnattii'fi up to Tuesday next , and it i .- reqm- > t ( . d that those who have not si gned will avail thenis .- vw of the opportunity . In addition to the abuvi- uctition , the churchwardens of this parish have iv . M . iveo to semi one from their own body to Mr . liccki-tt , for presentation . Tiie Board of Surveyors , compiling eighteen nioinhors , intend likewise to send « nc . Who willtalk now against the people yet tin- ; hold of local power , whim they can use their influence tor such good and humane objects ?
Hawick , Fxiiuiiauy 23 . —Tho petitions for i ! c liberation of Fro . sc , William , Junes , and Ellis , whicu were agreed to at the public meeting 'h eld hi ri ' w Town flail , on tho scwmiI instant , w ere on Saturda lajt sent to Mr . Ewart for presentation , with 7-i . O signatures each .
East Suvfoi.It Euctuw.—The Election For ...
East Suvfoi . it Euctuw . —The election for a re pr . fentutive for the eastern division of this county , in the room of Lord Ileunikcr , vacated , « -ok place on Tlnirsilav , at Ipswich , when Mr . Edward olnrlcek GoochJ was nominated , and there bams no other can . duia . tQ , be was declared , duly elected .
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), Feb. 28, 1846, page 1, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns2_28021846/page/1/
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