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Northern Star (1837-1852), 28th February 1852, Edition 2 of 2, Page 3, ^^ $0#rg

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    • Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.

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      Imtiigflb, 1852. The, N^R^E^Y Star; 3

      iMtiigflB , 1852 . THE , N ^ R ^ E ^ y STAR ; 3

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      Tfffb Each Othes. _. T Iu »_.. ~. Nn I. ...

      tfffB EACH OTHES . _ . t iu »_ .. ~ . i . lore each other * Oh ! that men woulu i . * With ft spirit earnest , rt . <* And would look on man as briber , Seeking out bis lasting weal . Were men kind no more would sadness leave its gloom upon the brow ; tasssastssstm love brings rest unto the weary , Healing np each spirit-wound ; Bringing sunshine to t h e dreary . Breathing sweetness all around . Love can make life ' s i l l s more even , — Places in the human breast ,

      Asweeiantepast of Heaven , ; - * Making man so ncbJy blest I Bitter words would ne ' er be spoken , Strife would soon from earth remove , And hearts never would be broken , If jnankind weald only love I Men should dwell in love , uniting Hand in hand , and heart with heart ; In each others good delighting—Fellowship will joy impart . Oh ! that men would lore each other ,

      An d that m n could feel lik e m a n ; For if man lovM man as brother , Earth would Eden soon regain ! I Sheffield , Feb . 24 th . JohkBoosm

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      B History Of The American Revolution. By...

      B History of the American Revolution . By GEORGE BAKCfeOFT . Vol . 1 . London : Bentley . -M Mb . Bancroft has established an undisputed supen-01 oritv as the historian of the United States . In tl thought and feeling he is thoroug hl y American ; w white at the same time , his work is pervaded b y a c cosmopolitan feeling , which results from the caltivati tion of an enlarged knowledge and genial sympathy t- with the history and the straggles of our common x race . As befits the narrator of the progress of a new c community , his sty le is adapted to the nature of the i incidents related , and without ceasing to be strictly 1 historical and accurate , swells into something hke t the dignity and the feeling of the epic poem . The i influence of the vast lakes and wtfd savannahs , the

      i mountains and prairies of the great wmtment , is i vividly felt in every page , and coloured by the light i redacted from a richl y stored mind and fine imag inat tion , the dullest incidents become p ictorial , and full ( of dramatic effects . The new volume just issued is , however , wrongly i named . It purports to be Vol . L of a new book ; whereas , it is in reality , the fourth volume j > f his History of tbe United States . ' It commences with a brief review of the state of affairs in 1748—the point at which his former volume left ' off—and then carries on ^ the narrative to 1763 , two years before the first stamp act was passed , and twelve years before the war actually broke out . In reality . therefore , the history , so far as it has gone , is not a history either of the EevolutioD , or of the United States , but of

      the Colonies which afterwards rebelled , and were formed into United States , and traces the incidents which led to thatresult . The inaccuracy of the titlefor which , perhaps , Mr . Bancroft is not responsibledoes not , however , affect the work . His volumes have been pronounced by all those best entitled to pronounce a jud gment , to be remarkable for the amp litude and accuracy of their references , and for the conscientious care with which the most obscure and recondite authorities had been verified . Prom a work like this , it is evident that our space will not permit ns to take more than a mere sample . In making a selection , we present a comp lete storyone of the numerous instances in which the lule of

      Great Britain in other countries has been marked by the greatest disregard of all justice and humanity , and which , there is reason to fear , mayyefc be tracked by an avenging Nemesis . With , nations as with , individuals , evil doing entails retribution . This illustration of British rule is the story of the unhappy peop le of Acadia , one of the north eastern of the English settlements . Mr . Bancroft presents us with a graphic and touching descri ption of the virtues and the happiness of this obscure peop le , before Eng lish policy converted their simple annals into a dark and painful tragedy , which may well take its p lace beside the massacre of Glencoe .

      After repeated conquests and restorations , the treaty of Utrecht conceded Acadia , or Nova Scotia , to Great Britain . Yet the name of Annapolis , the pres e n c e o f a f e e b le English garrison , and the emigration of hardly fire or sis English families , were nearly all that marked the supremacy , of England . The old inhabitants remained on the soil which they had subdued , hardly conscious that they had changed their sovereign . They still loved the language and the usages of their forefathers , and their religion was graven upon their souls . They promised submission to England ; hut such was the love with which France had inspired them , they would not fight against its standard or renounce its name . Though conquer ed , they were French neutrals . For nearly forty years from the peace of Utrecht they bad

      been forgotten or neglected , and had prospered in their seclusion . So tax gatherer counted their folds—no magistrate dwelt in their hamlets . The parish priest made their records and regulated iheir successions . Their little dis p a tes were settl ed among the mselves , with scarcely an instance of an appeal to English authority at Annapolis . The pastures were cohered " with their herds and flocks ; and dikes , raised by extraordinary efforts of social industr y , shut oat the rivers and the tide from alluvial marshes of exuberant fertility . The meadows , thus reclaimed , were covered by therichest grasses , or fields of wheat , that yielded fifty and thirty fold at the harvest . Their houses were built in clusters , neatly constructed and comfortably furnished , and around them all kinds of domestic fowls abounded . "With the spinninr-wheel and tho loom , their women made .

      of flax from their own fields , of fleeces from their own flock , coarse , but sufficient clothing . The few forei gn luxuries that were coveted could be obtained from Annapolls or Lonisburg , in return for furs , or wheat , or cattle . Thus were the Acadians happy in their neutrality , and in the abundance which they drew from their native land . They formed , as it were , one great family . Their morals were of unaffected purity . Love was sanctified and calmed by the universal custom of early marriages . The neighboars of the community would assist the new couple to raise their cottage , while the wilderness offered land . Their num b ers in c re a se d , and the colony , which had begun only as the trading station of a company , with a monopoly of the iur trade , counte d , perhaps , sixteen or seventeen thousand inhabitants .

      The transfer of this colony from French to Eng lish rule could not fail to be productive of some untoward results . The native priests feared the introduction among them of heretical opinions—the British o i acers tre a ted the peop le with insolent contempt . ' Their papers and records , ' says our hi s torian , ¦ were taken from them * by their new masters : — Was their property demanded for the public service ? ' they were not to be bargained with for tbe payment . " The order may still be £ read on the Council records at Halifax . They most comply , it was written , without m aki n g any terms " immediately , " or the next courier would bring an order for military execution upon the del i nquent s . " And when they delayed in fetching fir e woo d for

      their oppressors , it was . to l d t he m f r om the g ov e rnor , "If they do not do it in proper time , the soldiers shall absolutely take their honsfes for fuel . " The unoffending sufferers submitted meekly to the tyranny . Under pretence of fearing that they might rise in behalf of France , or seek shelter in Canada , or convey provisions to the French garrisons , they were ordered to surrender their boats and their fire-arms ; * and , conscious of innocence , they gavo . up their barges and their muskets , leaving themselves without the means of flig ht , and defenceless . Further orders were afterwards given to the English officers , if the Ac ad i a ns behaved amiss to punish them at discretion ; if the troops were annoyed , to inflict vengeance on the nearest , w hether the guilty one or not— "taking an eve for an eye and a tooth for a tooth "

      There is no reason to believe that these atrocious orders were not executed in the sp irit in which they had been conceived . But worse remained to come : — The Acadians cowered before their masters , hop ing forbearance ; willing to take an oath of feally to England ; in their single Handedness and sincerity refusing to pledge themselves to bear arms against France . The English "Sere masters of tbe sea , were undisputed lords of the country , and could exercise clemency without apprehension . Xot a whisper gave a warning of their purpose till tt * as ripe f or execution . But it had been " determined u p on " after the ancient device of Oriential despotism , th at the French inhabitants of Acadia should be carried

      »* ay mto captivity to other pans of tbe British dominions . * France remembered the descendants of her sons in rae hour of their amotion , and asked that they might have j ^ e to remove from the peninsula with their effects , £ *™ g their lands to the English ; but the answer of the ^ ntish Minister claimed them as useful subjects , and reuse th e m the li b erty of tr a nsmi gration . The inhabitants w Micas and the adjacent country pleaded with the ~ 'tahofficersfor the restitutionof their bo & tsMidtheir guns j ^ w smg fidelity , if they could but retain their liberties , *» a declaring that not the want of arms , but their consei-: ?!*« ' Should engage them not to revolt . " The memorial , " ~? ° Lawrence in council , " is highl y arrog a nt , insiduous , ° * ^ suiting . " The memorialists , at his summons , came in ; miss " ely to Halifax . "Ton want your eanoesfor carryi ng ° « onB to the enemy ; " said he to them , though he uew enemy was left in their virility . " Guns are no

      B History Of The American Revolution. By...

      part of your goods , he continued , " as b y t h e law s of England all Roman Catholics are restrained from having arms , and are subject to penalties , if arms are found in their houses . It is not the language of British subjects to talk of terms with the Crown , or capitulate about their fidelity and allegiance . What excuse can you make for your presumption in treating this government with such indignity as to expound to them the nature of fidelity ? Manifest your obedience , b y i mme di ately taking the o a th s of a ll eg iance in the common form before the Council . " The deputies _ replied that they would do as the generality of the inhabitants should determine ; and they merely entreated leave to return home and consult the body of their people . The next day , the unhappy men , foreseeing t h e sorrows that menaced them , offered to swear allegiance unconditionally .

      But it was now too late . Tbe savage purpose had been formed . That the cruelty might have no excuse , it happened that while the scheme was under discussion letters arrived leaving no doubt that all the shores of the Bay of Funuy were in the possession of the British . It onl y remained to be fixed how the exportation should be effected . — To hunt them into tbe net was impracticable , artifice was therefore resorted to . By a general proclamation , on on e and the same day , the scarcely conscious victims , " both old men a n d young men , as well as all tbe lads of ten years of a g e , " were peremptorily ordered to assemble at their respective posts . On the appointed 5 th of September , they obeyed . At Grand Pre , for ex a mp le , 418 unarmed men came together . They were marched into tbe

      church , and its avenues were closed , when Winslow , the American Commander , placed himself in their centre , and spoke : — " You are convened together to manifest to you Sis Majesty ' s final resolution to the French inhabitants of this his province . Your lands and tenements , cattle of all kinds , and live stock of all sorts , are forfeited to the Crown , and you yourselves are to be removed from this bis province . I am , through His Majesty's goodness , directed to allow you liberty to carry off your money and household goo d s , aa many as you can , without discommoding the vessels you go in . " And he then declared them the King ' s prisoners . Their wives and families shared their lot ; their son s , 527 in num b er , their daughters , 576 ; in the whole , women and babes and old men and children all included , 1 . 923 souls . The blow was sudden ; they had left home

      but for the morning , and they never were to return . Their cattle were to stay unfed in the stalls , their fires to die out on their hearths . They had for that first day even no food for themselves or their children , aud were compelled to beg for bread . The 10 th of September was the day for the embarkation of a part of the exiles . They were drawn up six deep , and the young men , 161 iu number , were ordered to march first on board tbe vessel . They could leave their fa rms an d cott ag es the shad y rock s on w h ich t h e y had reclined , their herds and their garners ; but nature y e arne d w i t h in t h em , and they would not be separated from their parents . "Jet of what avail was the frenzied despair of the unarmed youth ? They had not one weapon ; the bayonet drove them to obey ; and they marched slowly and heavily from the chapel to the shore , between women and

      children , who , kneeling , prayed for blessings on their heads , they themselves , weeping , and praying , and singing hymns . The seniors went next ; the wives and children must wait till other transport vessels arrived . The delay had its horrors . The wretched people left behind were kept together near tbe sea , without proper food or raiment , or shelter , till other ships came to take them away ; and December with its appalling cold had struck the shivering , half-clad , broken-hearted sufferers before the last of them were removed . " The embarkation of the inhabitants pea on but slowly , " wrote Moncktoo , from Fort Cumberland , near which he had burned three hamlets , "the most part of the wives of the men we have prisoners are gone off with their children , in hopes I would not send off their husbands withoutthem . " Their hope was vain . Near Annapolis , a

      hundred heads of families fled to the woods , and a party was detached on the hunt to bring them in . " Our soldiers hate them , " wroteanofficeronthisoccasion , " andif tbeycanbut finda pretext to kill them , they will . " Did a prisoner seek to escape ? He was shot down by the sentinel . Yet some fled to Quebec ; more than 3 , 00 0 h ad wi thdrawn to Miramichi , and the region south of the Bistigouche ; some found rest on the banks of the St . John ' s and its branches ; some found a lair iu their native forests ; some were charitably sheltered from the English in the wigwams of the savages . But 7 , 000 of these banished people were driven on board ships , and scattered among the English eolonies , from New Hampshire to Georgia alone ; 1 , 020 to South Carolina alone . They were cast ashore without resources ; hating the poorhouse as a shelter for their offspring , and abhorring the thought of selling themselves as labourers . Househo l dstoo were separated ; the colonial newspapers

      , , contained advertisements of members of families seeking their companions , of gons anxious to reach and relieve their p a ren t s , of mothers mourning for their children . The wanderers sighed for their native country ; but , to prevent their return , their vi ll a ges , from Annapolis to the isthmus , were laid waste . Their old homes were but ruins . In the district of Minas , for instance , 250 of their bouses , and more than as many barns , were consumed . The live stock which belonged to them , consisting of gre a t numb e rs of horned c a ttle , hogs , sheep , and horses , were seized as spoils , and disposed of by the English officials . A beautiful and fertile tract of country was reduced to a solitude . There was none left round the ashes of the cottages of the Acadians but the faitful watoh-dog , vainly seeking the hands that fed him . Thickets of forest-trees choked their orchards ; the ocean broke over their neglected dikes , and desolated their meadows .

      Nor were the woes of this ill-treated people ended . — Relentless misfortune pursued the exiles wherever they fled . Those sent to Georgia , drawn by a love for the spot where they were b orn a s s t r ong a s th a t o f the c a p tive J ew s , who wept by the side of the rivers of Babylon for their own temple and land , escaped to sea in boats , and went coasting from harbour to harbour ; but when they had reached 3 few England , just as they would have set sail for their native fields , they were stopped by orders from 2 fova Scotia . Those who dwelt ou the St . John's weretorn once

      more from sheir new homes . When Canada surrendered , hatred with its worst venom pursued the 1 , 500 who rem a ine d sout h o f t h e Bisti gouche . Once more those who dwelt in Pennsylvania presented a humble petition to the Earl of Loudoun , then the British Commander-in-Chief in America ; and the cold-hearted peer , offended thai tbe prayer was made in French , seized their five principal men , who in their own land had been persons of dignity and substance , and shipped them to England , with a request that they migh t b e ke p t from ever ag ain becom i ng troublesome by being consigned to service as common sailors on board ships of war .

      "Well may Mr . Bancroft say : —I know not if the annals of the human race keep the records of wounds so wantonl y inflicted , so hitter and so perennial as fell upon the French inhabitants of Acadia ,

      A Letter On The Defence Of England B Y C...

      A Letter on the Defence of England b y Corps of Volunteers end Militia . By Sir O . J . 2 ? afiek , Lieutenant-General , & c . London : Moxon . At a time when so many peop le are babbling / not of * green fields , ' but of invasion and national defences , ' our readers may like to know what the strai g htforward and plain-spoken conqueror of Scinde has to say on these questions . His ' Letter' is nominall y addressed to members of parliament , but really

      to the gentry of the country at large . Without discussing any political or general questions , the old General assumes at starting , that there may be an invasion ; and then , leaving the regulation of the army to the Commander-in-Chief , be proceeds to discus s the dress , the arms , the instru c tion , and the tactics fit for Volunteers—a far preferable bod y to Militia , whether local or general , in case of the landing of an enemy .

      It is n e edless t o s a y to those at all acquainted with the vigorous and slashing style of the late Coramaader-in-chief of the Indian army , that there is no beating about the bush , or striving after * fine writing , ' in his racy pamphlet . He speaks with the authority of a practical soldier ; and if we are ever reduced to the stern necessity , the supposition of which has called forth his ' Letter , ' perhaps we could surrender ourselves to no more trustworthy guide . Ab to dress , while the General clingsto the red coat for the soldiers ,

      the Volunteers may be clad as they like ; their own " shooting jacket * and leathern gaiters'' will be the Best . The old warrior also adheres to the musket and bayonet for the soldier , —and for still better reasons than retaining the scarlet . The Volunteers , again , may use what weapon they are most familiar with , ' always provided that it carries a musket lall j for there must not be two sizes of ball for the small arms of the army . This is imperative . '

      The discipline or instruction necessary for the corps or clubs is pithil y comprised in seven articles . With regard to your Volunteer corps , 1 think each should consist of from one to four companies , each company consisting of one hundred men , with a c ? plain and two lieutenants ; and I advise von to let each man carry two small cartrid ge-boxes " made to slide on a gir dle roun d t h e waist , so that one may be carried before and one behind , each holding thirty rounds of ammunition : thus the weight would he divided , and , consequently , more easily carried . Get some old soldier for your adjutantto teach ,

      , you not a long course of drill , but just seven things , vi « , — 1 . To face right and left by word of command . 2 . To march in line and m column . 3 . To extend and close files as light infantry , with " supports . " r To change front m extended and in close order . 5 . To relieve the skirmishers . 6 . ' To form solid squares and "rallying squares . " 7 . To form an advanced guard . These seven things are all that you require ; do not let anone persuade yon to learn more .

      y Let your practice at a target be constant . Also habituate your eerpt to take long marches of from fifteen to twenty m i les , with your arms and ammunition on-, and also in running , or what « caUe » double quick time . " These

      A Letter On The Defence Of England B Y C...

      must be arrived at by gradually increasing from small distances . No single roan , much ' leas a body of men , can make these exertions without training . Also subscribe for premiums te those who are tbe best shots . Do not be exclusive in forming your corps ; take your gamekeepers as your comrades , and any of your labourers that will enrol themselves : a gentleman will find no braver or better comrades than among his own immediate neig h b ours and tenants . Should you require to throw up a breastwork , they will be more handy with the spades and pickaxes than yourselves . . Sir Charles has evidently no sympath y with the snobbishness of exclusive Stock Exchange or middle class rifle clubs . Here are the old veteran ' s instructions for volunteer tactics : —

      Wel l , suppose an invading army landed ; it would be opposed , in whatever way the Duke deemed proper , with the regular troops , rea dy _ and eager , in order of battle —where , when , and how , it is not for me to discuss : out we can suppose the regular army assembled to encounter the enemy , he being armed with " minie rifles , " « spike rifles , " and " revolving rifles , " and the Devil knows What terrible weapons and our soldiers armed , as of old , With the long tried muskets and bavonets ; the Duke at their head , the eneny in front , and firing with as yetuntried minie r i fles at t w o m i les ' distance , and we , I suppose , quietly lying down behind any little rise of the ground , or wall or bank , their long balls whizzing harmless over our heads while our now called useless artillery would , J think , find out a way to m a k e the m i nie riflemen unste ady and uncomfortable as they came on .

      Well , there we lie till they come closer ; and when close enough , and a good deal of their ammunition expended then the Duke would begin business . Now you , gentlemen * not being drilled to this sort of work , would be in the way - you would come into it after a while , but at first you would be in the way . " Then , where should we be ? " you will ask . Why , far away , clear of the regular troops , and getting round on the enemy ' s fl a nks a n d rear be sure - your men in swarms , creeping as close to him as ever you can , hiding in ditches , behind banks , r i s i ng g roun d s woo d s & c , so that his artillery could not do you as much harm as ours could do his minie men ; because you need not advance , his must , while you were pitching your shot into his columns : you have minie rifles , you know , as well a s he has ; and those among you who have only muskets would just get closer to him , that's all ; and , as ' Punch " has so well expressed it in his " Sharpshooters' Chorus , "

      Up trees , behind hedges , ' mid rushes and sedges , From thickets , and brakes , from church-tower and house-top . Let each band be ready , determined , and steady , Unerring of aim , at invaders to pop . Tbe enemy must all the while , as I have said ; keep moving on towards the Duke , w ho w a its for him very pa tient ly , in one of those terrible positions of his , against which his enemies have a hundred times broken their heads . The enemy » nut move on—he is an invader ; he cannot sit down and do nothing ; he is like the man in " The New Tale of a Tub . " Mustn't stop to eat ! mustn't stop to weep !

      Mustn't stop to drink . ' mustn't stoito aleep ! So cry !( i o laugh ! n < rest ! no grub ! & c , Aq , He must keep continually marching and fighting . If he ha lts to driv e y ou off , you retire , s el d om meeting him i n close fight , but always firing at him ; he cannot catch you he goes back—then again you follow him up as he advancea against the regular army , you keep in g an incessant firin g into his back ; hundreds will fall under your galling and unerring aim—his hospital increases—he must leave guards ; you are iu vast numbers , a few thousands of you cloas , and then you may occasionally rush , in overwhelming numbers , upon these guards , make them prisoners , and be off again out of reach . His convoys , too , are coming up ; you gather u p on an d de s troy them , carrying off h i s foo d and ammunition . His columns will send out detachments

      to plunder ; they are weak and wearied , for y ou dividing y ourselves in watches , as the sailors say , keep up your sharp-shooting night and day ; some resting and feeding w hi le oth e rs fig h t , for you must take advantage of your vast numbers . The enemy gets no rest . If he despi ses y ou an d move s on , mere l y sen d ing a few skirmishers to k eep you off , you gather in . closer aud thicker , and your fire becomes more terriWe ; bis skirmishers gave way , his column is forced to halt , and send a large force against you , —you are off ! Again , other portions of you take charge of our own convoys ; and finally , should the Duke think it expedient to fight in an intrenched position , you would , at h i s command , pour into intrenohments where no

      maneuvering is required—nothing but courage ; and there you would be as good as any regular soldiers , for you would have only to shoot down the enemy as he came on , or knock tbe brains out of any that got over your intrenchments ! Then , again , if his men straggled on his march , you would shoot them or make them all prisoners , and every hour you would become more expert and more daring . In s h ort , you would leave the regular soldiers nothing to do but the one stern job of figh ing the battle ; and a very tough one it would be , without doubt . But England . and her young Queen would be in the soldiers' hearts , tbe very victorious Duke at their head ; and the second edition of Waterloo would , if pos s ible , be greater than the first I

      Sir Charles , it will be seen knows what he is writing aboafc . War is no holiday pastime with him ; and , in the subjoined instructions , there is still more of this practical spirit shown , as well as a carefulness about property , and an anxiety to prevent unnecessary waste , characteristic of the ' old soldier ' : — I now come to the fourth subject on which you should support the efforts of government ; and that is to regi s ter all your means , such as spa d e s , pickaxes , felling a x e s , barrows , carts , horses , in every town and village ; so that , should an invasion happen , a n d t h e Duke or d ers such a n d such positions to be intrenched , tbe engineer officer might find every magistrate at his post , with a written report of how many tools of each kind he could supply , how many workmen , an d in ho w m a ny minutes or h o ur s t hey coul d be collected ; though , in such details , to count by hours would not do when it is possible to effect matters in minutes ; therefore should matters be prepared . Those positions

      should also be secretly made known to magistrates as early as the Duke thinks it proper so far to divulge them , that the proprietors of neighbouring woods may mark the trees they could best spare to be cut down for abatis , instead of their timber being hewn in haste and at random , m a king unnecessary waste without any immediate advantage to the public , and even great loss ; for confusion is always extravagant in war , as in all things else ; in war it produces loss of l ife and loss of ti m e ; the economy of both , during a campaign , being among the most important means of securing victory . With such preparations in their memorandum-books , magistrates would throng round the Engineer officer , li k e so many staff-officers ; and each , r ece iving his or d ers , would in the shortest possible time collect men and tools in m a sses , and , on the points de s ignate d , abatis would be formed , and parapets be thrown up like magic . If the * Prince President' ever does venture upon an invasion , it is pretty clear that he will have a hot reception .

      Loss Op A Ttne Brig Ano Nine Hands. — Me...

      Loss op a Ttne Brig ano Nine Hands . — Messrs . Peacock and Elliott , of North Shields , received information on the 20 th insfc . by letter from the only one of the crew saved of the total loss of the Providence brig , belonging to them , with the master and hands , The Providence was coming from Liverpool laden with salt , and on the previous Thursday morning had g ot o ff th e Durham co a st , when she was overtaken by a severe gale of wind . Finding it impossible to get into the Sunderland Roads , he ran for the Tees , and at twelve o ' c lock at noon , while attempting to enter that estuary , the vessel struck on the bar , and unshipped her rudder , which left her quite unmanageable ; in half an hour tbe sea bad blown up tbe decks , which obliged the erew to take to the rigging . They had not long been there when the master was washed into the sea and was drowned . The vessel then began to roll over , and a tug steamer came down to the assistance of the distressed mariners . The men on

      board the steamer attempted to throw a line to the seamen on the rigging , but from the violence of the storm they were unable to catch it , and the boat was obliged to leave them in their sad predicament . By three o ' clock the vessel had rolled over and immersed the poor fellows that clung to the rigging in the sea . Four of the seamen and an apprentice lad , of the name of Robert Large , got into the main top . where they remained until another steamboat e . ame to their assistance . Large crawled along the rigging , and was able to lay hold of a line thrown to him from the boat . He fastened it round his body , and was hauled through the sea on to her deck . The other four poor fellows were drowned . The lad was taken to Middlesborough and properly attended to . The name of the master lost is M'Leau . The other portion of the crew were shipped at Liverpool , and their names are unknown to the owners .

      Collision in the Chahnbl . —Brighton . —On Saturday la s t , soon after daybreak , the crew of a fishing-boat , t h e James and Harriet , belonging to Mr . W . Tattersall , of Brighton , while mackerel-catching , discovered a vessel of 1 C 0 tons bur de n , lying on her beam-ends , and apparently deserted . She proved to be the Adela , l ad en with b etween 30 0 a nd 400 ca sk s of w in e a nd 100 p ieces of brandy , a nd she had on board the regular fchip ' s papers and a considerable sum of money . She had evidently come into collision with another vessel , which ran into her with great violence amidships , and ripued up four or five planks . Mr . Tattersall , the owner of the boat , leaving another of his boats with the

      vessel , at once made for Shoreham-harbour , and engaged theassistance of the harbour steam-tug . Ohreturning in the tu g to the vessel , he found her in possession of the revenue cutter Active and a trader . The commander of the Active had taken the papers and the cash ; and the whole of the salvors assisted in towing the derelict vessel into the harbour at Newhaven . The finding of two vessels abandoned at once is a m o st unu s u a l t h in g here ; but on Sunday morning some boats belonging to Mr . John Andrews fell in with a Swedish vessel , timber laden , and named the Dedalus , off Worthing . She had also been in collision . A dead body was found on board , and that is all the authentic information that has been received ,

      A Knightly Pair . —It is expected that the honour of knighthood will be conferred en Mr . Goldner , whose services in furnishing her Majesty ' s n avy wit h f resh meats are not less eminenb and praiseworthy than those of Sir 0 . Barrv in providing for the convenience of the two Houses of Parliament . Ic may , indeed , bo justly said , th a t Barry i s the Goldn e r o f a r c h i t e cture , and Goldner the Barry of canisters . In the Bouse of Commons we see , if not a preserved assembly , yet undoubtedly a House iu a very pretty pickle , —Exgmiher .

      Tolfc Ftimtsttiuttte

      TOlfc ftimtsttiuttte

      Drury-Lane Theatre. - The Project Of Awa...

      DRURY-LANE THEATRE . - The project of awakening , the charitable smynathb * e the public in behalf of the sufferers through the lo 8 B of tbp Amasonby means of a dramatic arid . nustcal entertainment has deservedly proved far from successful . A sort of ill lUck seemed to attend the undertaking . "Romeo and Juliet " had been originally announced for Monday-night , but some Mischance befell Mr . Anderson , and tbe " Hunchback , " with Mr . Cooper as Master Walter , was substituted . Nor did the miscellaneous concert which followed manifest any attractive power , A thin audience scantily occupied a large edifice .

      ADELPHI THEATRE . Miss W o ol g ar , whose absence from this house has caused a serious gap in the company for some weeks past , reappeared on Monday night as Phcabe in " Paul Pry , " and received a hearty welcome . She seems perfectly recovered from her indisposition , and her acting of the character is marked by the same fascinating liveliness as ever .

      OLYMPIC THEATRE . Miss Sarah Lyons , who has already performed at Sadler ' s Wells Theatre , made her first appearance here on Monday night as Juliet—a character ^ in which she achieved some success when she first played it . Miss Lyons is said to be a pupil of Mrs . W . West , and the peculiarities of her style sufficiently warrant such a presumption . Juliet was , in many respects , well chosen for the debut of this lady , her appearance being youthful and interesting , and her voice not unmusical , but the amount of tragic power she displayed was only sufficient to justify the belief that she is better adapted for the performance of less important characters than Shakspeare ' s heroines . Miss Lyons was very favourabl y received , and was greeted with encouraging plaudits throughout . Mr . Henry Farren was the Rome * .

      ROYAL POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTION . Mr . J . H . Pepper , the chemical professor to the establishment , is now d e l ivering here a lecture on the allotrophic conditions of oxygen , called ozone . Its formation was shown in three ways : —Firstly , by treating air with phosp h o rous , half covered with water . Secondly , From the oxygen derived from the voltaic decomposition of water . Thirdly , b y e lec t rifyin g air , as in tbe electrical aura . Each of these p rocesses elimin a t ed oz o ne , proved by the action of the iodide of potassium and starch test , and also by its powerful bleaching agency , and from indigo . The destruction of ozone by red heat was also demonstrated in a very beautiful experiment , devised by Faraday ; and the learned lecturer concluded the discourse by explaining , that the chief interest of

      the study of ozne , was in consequence of its being , no doubt , employed in the grand process of nature . This curious agent would seem to be connected with the healthiness of the atmosph e r e , as during the prevalence of the cholera , no ozone could be perceived in the air , w h i l st af ter w ards an excess of this agent appeared to promote epidemics , such as influenza , die . An excess or deficiency of ozone were therefore both to be depreciated , the precise balance only beingconducive to health . Ozone was a disinfectant , and destroyed noxious and putrescent exhalations . In town it w as absorbed , and could not be appreciated ; whilst in the country it existed in the atmosphere , producing , no dou b t , that difference which every one understood , so far as health was conc e rned , but which analysis , in all its delicacy , could not establish .

      Foreign Refugees And English Travellers....

      FOREIGN REFUGEES AND ENGLISH TRAVELLERS . The following is the text of the despatch addressed by Prince Scnwarzenburg to Count Buol-Schauenstein , Aus . t r ian Mi ni st e r Plen i pot e nt i ar y in Eugl a n d , to which reference iras made in the House of Commons on Monday evening : — Vienna , Feb . i , 1852 . Lord Granville has bad the goodness to communicate to your Excellency tbe despatch which he addressed to the Earl of Westmoreland , under date of tbe 13 th of January last , in answer to the protests ( reclamations ) which you , M . le Comte , were charged to present to the Government of Her Britannic Majesty against the tolera » ce accorded In England to tbe revolutionary proceedings ( menees revohttionaires ) of the political refugees who have found an asylum in that country . The first part of this document ( Lord Granville ' s despatch ) turns on the high value which the English people attach to tbe right of asylum , and on the motives whieh _ hinder the British Government Atnm tVitntrinrp nf /( Ati / riN st 1 nof ^ MtniMiv flio ^ tsvli £ Imrtitoofln *!*!™ on 1111 i

      LUliltUQiilft UL \ 9 Vf ** fV * tVyVOUntUtUjj bUMVUfjUV j V J ^ VCKWIIUq uu alien bill to Parliament . We do not feel ourselves called upon to enter upon a controversy on the argument * employed in this part of the despatch of Lord Granville , since we have never denied to England the exercise of the right of asylum in itself , any more than we have pretended to dictate to the British Government , which itself is the most competent judge , the means which it should employ to obviate tho flag * rant abuse of this rigat . All that we have demanded of the British Government ( and we shall not cease to demand it ) is , that it shall so manage ( faire en soire ) that the political refugees to whom it accords an asylum shall not be allowed to pursue , under the shadow of the hospitality which they enjoy , machinations openly hostile to tbe States of the continent , and especially to Austria . Lord Granville has been so good ( a lien vou ' u ) as to offer us , on

      this subject , an assurance that the British Government would not only regret , but would loudly condemn , all attempts on the part of the refugees to excite insurrection in their original country ; that it would continue to watch [ surveiller ) the conduct of suspected refugees , and would seek ,, by all legal means , to hinder them from abusing—to the detriment of Governments in friendly alliance with Great Britain—the hospitality which the English laws so generously accord to them . ' The Emperor , in noting down ( en prenant act ) these assurances , has pleasure in thence deriving a hope faime aypuiserl ' espoir ) that the British government will henceforth know how to make more ample and rigorous use than it has hitherto done of the legal means at its disposal , and which it appears to judge sufficient to enable it to fulfil its international duties with regard to the proceedings of the refugees .

      At any rate ( tou («/ ois ) , while waiting till these dispositions of the British government are followed by deeds { solent snivies d ' effel ) , th « almost unlimited liberty of action which the refugees hitherto enjoyed in England , with regard to the revolutionary plots that a great number of them does not cease batch ! g against tbe repose of the States of tho continent , imposes upon us , on our side , the duty of taking some measures of precaution , tending to guard us against the annoyances ( inconveniens ) aud dangers of which that liberty is the source . The Imperial authorities will henceforth receive orders to ' redouble' their vigilance nith regard to travellers coming from England , and to execute strictly in relation to their passports the existing rules to which formerly , under the empire of other circumstances , it had become a habit to make frequent exceptions in favour of British subjects . The Imperial government , moreover , reserves to Hself tbe faculty of tubing into consideration ulterior measures , if unhappily tbe need of them still makes itself felt .

      Your Excellency is ckavged te read and give a copy of this de spatcii to Lord Granville . Receive , & e .

      National Reform Association,—The Followi...

      National Reform Association , —The following circular has been issued in reference to the Reform Conference , now fixed for the 2 nd of March : — " Dear Sir , —Respectfully referring to our circular letter of the 1 st of January last , I beg to inform you that the Council of the National Parliimentary and Financial Reform Association have fixed the period for the meeting of the Conference for Tuesday , the 2 nd of March , and , by their desire , I have earnestly to request the favour of your presence at this important meeting . Tho Conference is open to all members of parliament who have voted for Mr . Hume ' s motion , or otherwise concur in the principles of the National Reform Association ; gentlemen elected by associations or committees who have adopted those principles , and deputations from any body of

      reformers willing to attend and afford information on the vital subject of Reform of Parliament . The important questions for consideration will be—1 . What means can be adopted for securing to tho utmost possible extent the constitutional r i g hts of the people . 2 . How far the bill before parliament is calculated to carry that object into ; effoct . 3 . The course to be pursued to obtain for the voter the independent exercise of tho franchise . The conference will meet iu St . Martin ' s H a ll , Lone-acre , and wi ll commence at eleven o ' clock in the forenoon . It is extreme ly desirable that immediate steps should be taken by the friends of Reform , whether members of tbe Nitional Reform Association , or of other classes of Reformers , to appoint representatives , whose names should be furnished to the Secretary as soon as the nominations are made .

      Requesting your immediate attention and co-operation , I am , dear sir , yours truly , Joshua Walmsley . " Embezzmmbst at thb BfliTisu Embassi at Paris . —The Marquis of Normanby , on the occasion of his recent visit to Paris , was astonished at receiving a number of tradesmen ' s bills , for which the money bad boon regularly paid as the supplies came in , and the astonishment of his lordship was the greater when on examination it was found that many of these bills were for Articles whioh had been sent into the embassy a long time ago . Tho tradesmen who brought forward their claims were soon convinced from an inspection of the books which had been kept under the superintendence of the lylarchionessof Normanby , that the money had been drawn from her by tbe house steward

      , an Italian named Salvator , who had been in the service of the marauis and marchioness for eig hteen years , and he was immediately summoned to wait upon his master , and explain his conduct . Salvator , who , when o r dered to t h e presence of the marquis , was quietly at breakfest on some choice ontan , toB digestion of wtiich ho was facilitating with a bottle of the best Rhenish wine from the cellars of the noble lord , was compelled to admit that ho had received the money to pay the tradesmen ' s accounts , but that having been unsuccessful in some speculations at the Bourse , be had used it for his own purposes , and had quieted the tradesmen by giving them is

      own promissory notes , man y of which he had renewed from time to time in such ' a way « f *& ., J 22 L 3 « f ° L been exc , , ted b ? tb 0 announcement of the retirement Of the marqu s from the erabassv tho s r m nrvr tinued f h " « * £ ss £ « % SB ney m i \ r pnated . * Sai ™ tw isaaidto fL „ iSi „ n The n ? , ra ^ kit de pos e d to pardon S JSSllS h 9 Ti , > , lon S BOrvic ^ but some of £ k « itZ S iT I lafomed the Poli « e <> f w ^ t had ta k en p l ace , and Salvator was , therefore arrested and sent to the prison of the ConcergW-iS ' ^ Patest Law AMBN ? MENr .-Lofd BwuSSn w bill on Mieratenciiaws

      , ordered to be printed by the House of Lords , has just been printed . It contains Jfty . fflaeB . tions . It is proposed to empower Her u ^ ii v » . 1 letters patenter invention ? . SS SSUSrfSJ to be deemed commissioners , and thev are tn *« K miners , make rules and reiniJar ons ! l ^ 8 PPP exato parliament . ¦ iJ ^ t ^^ f ^ l ^^ - ^^ f be protected under the n ? i Sot An 7 f — d are t 0 law officer , and from him to tt Lord o v , P 6 al u &™ W > of the provisions the Xfof Jnm »« ° i ancellor * B * ° -ne unctions incases ofSllS ™? V f F induties payable under theS ^ . ? pa 8 ntl The sim ? nexed . Her MaiestviSn ^ ^ S" ? 6 " » a schedule anin Council , STSm & SS ^ empower * " ^ for the ' colonL T rS 8 ele fc f P atent to be granted for t mh ^ Zkim £ * aitiD « the lkm of * " *

      Vnvittm

      Vnvittm

      The Nan Who Hang Himself With A Chord Of...

      The nan who hang himself with a chord of music has been cut down with a sharp cast wind . Con . —What was the difference between Noah ' s arlt , and Joan of Arc?—One was made of wood , and the other was w « M of Orleans . . f oniTEwss . —Somebody says that politeness is like an air-cushion ; there may be nothing hi it , but it eases our JoUs wonderfull y . ? ho , i remains unsung , " as the tom-cat remarked to tne orick-bat , when it abruptly cut short his serenade , rinnfln ^" is at once the most delicate and the mosttenanothin . LT sent "» nents : a mere nothing will wound it , but nowiing on earth will kill it . f np m , „ 0 ffice revenue hss arrived at a point at which S £ S « nde r Z ffiffi eXCeed 8 ^ Wghe 8 t """^ W "

      MmI ™* - ™^ 0 ?*?™™™* ™ THK ErANGEHCAl minhmr . n 7 tEi ;™ . ,, " l" * y »> iWoa « i « , UmteMk SiSfflfifctaESffl ? " -- ' assss ^ SL' ^ s " & ssw fc The Post Office , on and after the 1 st of March , will convey more books or papers than one in a packet and anV writ ng thereon will bo allowable , if it be no ^ in the nsS UI H iultcF * Modbbatb Spbsd is a sure he lp to all proceedings—when those things which are prosecuted with violence of endeavour or desire , either succeed or not , or continue not . —Bishop Bail . r

      ABRSEs . —Mrs . Harris says it is not as much trouble for a " nuss " to take care of sick people as some folks imagine . The most of them don't want anything , she says , and when they do they don ' t get it . " Tiwb . — " There were three hours-and-a * half lost by you this morning . " a superintendent said to a tardy teacher . "I was only half-an-hour late , " he replied . — "True , " said the su p erintend e nt , but then there were seven scholars waiting all that time for you . " Life is afi e l d of bla c kber r y bushes . Mean people squat down and pick the fruit , no matter how they black their fingers ; while genius , proud and perpendicular , str id es fiercely on , and gets nothing but scratches and holes torn in ita trowsers .

      The Mormonite population of the territory of Utah is credibly estimated at 300 , 000 . During the last fourteen years , otl . OOO persona have been baptized into the sect in Great B r ita i n a l o n e , and 17 , 000 have actually emigrated from this country to the Zion of their hope . A Churchman ' s Toast . —At a titho dinner in Somersets hire , the chairman ( the rector ) requested an influential farmer sitting near him to propose a toast . The following was his response : — " Confusion to the black slug that consumes a tenth part of the farmer ' s produce ! " The chair was soon vacated ; the feelings of its occupant may be easier imagined than described .

      A Compliment .- " I owe you one , " said a withered old Ccelebs to a lady the other night at a party . '' For what I " said she . — " Why , for calling me a young gentleman . "— " If I did so , " was the rather ill-natured reply , " I beg you will not regard it as a compliment ; for , b e li e ve me , though an old man , you may still be but a young gentleman . " Anagram . —The following anagram on the well-known bibliographer , "William Oldys , may claim a place among the first productions of this class . It was written by Oldys himself , and found by his executors in one of his manuscripts : — " In word and WILL I AM a friend to you , And one friend OLD IS worth a hundred new . "

      A SIX-MSB CHRONOLOGY OP BNGLAND S CROWN . Two Williams , Henry , Stephen , Henry , Dick , John , Hal , three Edwards , Richard , three Hals , quick , Two Edwards , Dick , two Harr y s , and a Ned , Mary , Bess , J a m e s , and Ch a rles , who lost his head , Charles , James , Will , Anne , four Georges and a Will , And Queen Victoria , who is reigning still .

      EXTRACTS FROM PUNCH . Motto for a Monthly Nurse . — " Children must be paid for . " Thb Question o ? thr Day . —What shall we have for dinner ? { See Hansard , Feb . ith . ) The Nkwspaper Doty . —Not to speak the truth when it is likely to prove offensive to a foreign despot . —The Prime Minister of England . ' The Bab Militant . —The lawyers are about to form themselves into a rifle corp & j for which they ars well fitted by their peculiar practice , and their quickness in discovering the objects that are worth powder and shot .

      Cloth of the Coarsest Nap . —Louis Napoleon seems to attach so much importance to the coats of his senatorial and other lacqueys , that his government may be called Co [ a ) terie of Despotism . The Breeze in the House of Commons . — We are sorry to perceive that the difference between Mr . Barry and Mr . Reed aboufc ventilation , has actually amounted to an exchange of blows . Scents and Sensibility . —The Parliamentary whippersin are astonished that the St . Stephen's Pack don ' t run better together , considering how very strong the scent lies in the new house .

      Naval Appointment . —We are sure everyone will be glad to hear ( excepting , perhaps , the Lords of the Admiralty ) that Sir Charles Napier has been appointed to supply all the rigging for the British Navy . Question for those whom it may Concern . — Considering the number of our troops , should you call the Duke of Wellington the Commander of the Forces—or of the Weaknesses ? A Nice Man for a Larob Party . —Though Lord Pa \ mCT » ton may have been snubbed by h i s former coll eag ues , the unprecedentedly long list of illustrious persons present at his soiree the other night , shows that if he has no considerable party in the country , he can get together a very Strang party in town .

      Preparations for War . —Great excitement , we underst a nd , has been created in Paris by the announcement , that Lord John Pvussell is about to fortify the bulwarks of tbe British Constitution with additional defences , in the shape of a large number of five-pounders . Night CHAROES .- ~ At an Hotel : Two Shillings . —At a Station House : Five Shillings . —N . B . If you sleep at the latter , you avoid the fee that is usually given to the Boots and Chambermaid , and hare nothing to pay for wax candles . —Oar Fast fating Man , A Prous Fraud . —A correspondent writes to complain of the French authorities having seized a mince-pie he had dispatched to his children in a copy of "Punch . " We do not sympathise with the sender , who deserved to lose his pie for having made our publication the medium for containing any matters at all minced .

      Rapid Passage . —Mr . Mike O'Leary ( of Bunbill Row ) staried from the St . Martin's end of the Lowther Arcade at five minutes to twelve , and reached the Strand end at precisely twenty-three minutes to one . This is supposed to be the most rapid passage on record . It is but fair , however , to state that Mr . O'Leary was accompanied on the occasion by a couple of spirited bulldogs . Unwholesome Legislation . —It is lucky that most subjects of importance to the nation are well ventilated out of Parliament before they are discussed in it . The atmosphere of the new House of Commons is so stifling , that it threatens to smother all debate . Under these circumstances , it may be poor consolation to reflect that Parliamentary orators no longer waste their breath , because all the air that issues from their lungs is breathed over again .

      Very Consoling , —During a steam voyage , on a sudden stoppage of the machinery , a considerable alarm took place , especially among the female passengers . " What is the matter ? what is tbe matter ? For Heaven ' s sake tell me the worst ! " exclaimed one more anxious than the rest . After ashorS pause , a hoarso voice from the deck replied , "Nothing , madame , nothing ; only the bottom of tho vessel and the top of the earth are stuck together . " Postage Stamps for the Romaks . — The Roman Government have sanctioned the introduction of postage stamps far the prepayment of postage on letters . The stamp is about the size of tbe English postage stamp ; and on it is a representation of the tiara and keys , the badge of papal dignity and power .

      PntDK . —A proud man is a fool in fermentation , swelling and boiling like a porridge pot . He sets his feathers like an owl , to swell and seem bigger than he is . He is troubled with an inflammation of self-conceit , that venders hira the man of pasteboard , and a true buckram knight . Ho had given himself sympathetic love-powder , that works upon him to dotage , and transforms himself into his own mistress , making most passionate court to his own dear perfections , and worshipping his own image . All his upper stories are crammed with masses of spongy substances , occupying much

      space ; ns feathers and cotton will stuff cushions better than things of more compact and solid proportion . —Bolingbrolce . " What ' s the use of living ? " s a ys a d y s p e pt ic writer in the " American Union , " " We are flo gg ed f o r c ryin g w hen babies—flogged because the roaster is cross , when schoolboys—obliged to toil , sick or well , or starve , when we are men—to . work still harder , and suffer something worse , when we are husb a nd s , and , after exhausting life and strength in the service of other people , die and leave our children to quarrel about the possession of father ' s watch , and our wives to catch somebody else . Such is life . "

      As Unreasonable PnorosAL .-An Irish l abourer , who was in the employment of an English gentleman , resii . line in Ireland , was on one occasion about going to a ian , e . u annual ly at a neighbouring village when A 'f , ^ fft lw " s ea voured to dissuade him from his design . * ou ai « a > s , said he , « come back with a broken ^ " ^ r . f ™» J to-day Darby , and I'll give you ^^ 'S ' Darbv '' but E > Af ^ o * ' ^ dS A ° ffio-Sffil hiSlclagh does it stand to rason , aduttf ne . » w * his head , " docs it s-. r « a »« ' » , „ shillings for the grate bum / m to „ et to cia . Thivk -Thought engenders thought Place one idea . «« » X wiB fol ' ow it , and still another , until yTha ^ rSf ^; You cannot fathom your mi , d . Th " re is a well of thought there which has no bottom . The more you dragon , it . jhemore c ear and p lentiful it wi l l Z ¦ If you neglect to think your > elf , and use other people ' s ihou"hts , giving them utterance only , you will nev * r know « . i , nt ' vou are capable ot . u first your ideas mav come in

      lum ' ps-honje y ana H » po « ess , ' but no matter , ' time and perseverar . ee will arrange and refine them . Lenm to think , and you wul learn to wnte-thc aore you thinMhe better you wdl express your ideas .

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), Feb. 28, 1852, page 3, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns2_28021852/page/3/