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Northern Star (1837-1852), 1st December 1849, Edition 3 of 3, Page 3, A Letter to Messrs. De TocgueoiRe and de...

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      December L, 1849. The Northern Star. 3 W...

      December l , 1849 . THE NORTHERN STAR . 3 W _^^^ _" _^^—^ _M _»— _^—1 _^« ——— _t _*^— _i _^— ¦ — m-mmm t n _» mn _^^^^^^ _ m , _, „ , _«—ot—Wi j _—M—wbm II iillWlw—mm _P—— _, _——»—J——— _™^~>*

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      A Stjral Home For Me. (Prom The December...

      A STJRAL HOME FOR ME . ( Prom the December number of the Democratio Jlevieiv . ) Away with yonrsteeples , streets and towers , Your towns and cities _rast ; "Where disease on extended pinions lowers , And the shadows of death are cast . "Where the alley , dark as December ' s gloom , Never shelters a ray of li ght ; "Where the fever ' s flash , not the rose ' s bloom , Is ever bright in that living tomb , And the day is an endless ni ght . Away , away , with yonr dens of death ! In . the fields let me wander free ! 0 the humming bird , And the lowing herd , And the green-grass sward for me !

      Tell me not of your noble parks and squares , Of your crescents doubly grand ; A home which the workman never shares , Tho * reared by his toiling hand . Nor point to their owners , pale and sear , Tho' robbed in their gilded pride ; Their freshest breath is bnt tainted air , For they live in a poisoned atmosphere , "With the plague house side hy side . Away , away , with your dens of death . 1 In the fields let me wander free ! "Where the blush of health , Stamps man ' s true wealth ; 0 the hills , and the dales for me !

      I lovenot the sounds of the prison hell , Or the watchman ' s stealthy tread , But the cheering tones ofthe breeze ' s swell , And the husbandman ' s -voice instead . To stray on the hanks ofthe limpid streams As they mnrmering glide along ; Or recline in the shade from the noontide beams , Or search out the haunts of my youthful dreams , And travel the woods among . Away , away , with your dens of death ! In tbe fields let me wander free ! O the cottage low , Where the wild flowers grow , And the rivulets' Sow for me ..

      0 give me the morning ' s early dawn , And the landscape ' s varied green ; "Where the lark in air , from the dewy lawn , In the cloud is hut dimly seen ! To sport with the breeze as it gently floats ; And be fanned as the zephyrs play ; And enraptured list to the warbled notes , As they gush in streams from a thousand throats , To hail the approach of day ! Away , away , with your dens of death ! In the fields let me wander free ! O the haunts of the dove , Are the scenes that Hove ; 0 the wood , and the grove for me ! James Bareness .

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      Louis Blanc's Monthly "Review. The New W...

      LOUIS _BLANC'S MONTHLY "REVIEW . The New World of Politics , Arts , Literature and Sciences . By Louis Blauc . London : T . C . Newbj , 30 , _Welbeck Street , Cavendish Square . 2 "fos . IIL and IV . of this valuable periodical contain a number of admirably written articles on "The Situation ; " "Socialism as a Project de Loi ; " " The Budget of Calumny ;" "The Peace Congress ; " & c . ; also a valuable historical review of that first ofthe unfortunate days _oftheBeFohition of 1848—the "day of

      dupes * — ihe 16 th of April ; the first of a " Course of Lectures on the History of Socialism f an address " To Mechanics' Associations on the necessity of Solidarity ; " and an elaborate and powerfully written essay inscribed "To "Women , " on the questions of "Family" and " Divorce . " We have not space to spare , or we should contest the principle laid down by Louis Blanc in his comments on the proposition of Napoleon Buonaparte for the repeal of the laws exiling the Bourbons . We will merely observe , that generosity to tyrants and the spawn of Icings , is injustice and cruelty to the people .

      The following article—though bjno means the best—has the advantage for us of being brief , and also of appl y ing to those miserable Peacemongers against whose cant and humbug we have protested , and shall continue to protest , on every fitting occasion : —

      THE TBACB CUXGBE 55 . Erery one knows that the great fear of Malthas was the increase of population which , according to his calculations , increased in a geometrical proportion . It is well known , besides , that , to his eyes , the poor were supernumerary guests , for whom _"N _' ature has provided no seats at the banquet of life . It seems , then , that those belonging to that school ought not to regard war as so frightful asconrge . When people think that poverty cannot be suppressed , it seems that they ought to resign themselves to those great bleedings which now and then war inflicts upon mankind . Malthus , who was a

      good logician , without heing a wicked man , would not , I think , have joined the Peace Congress . Also have we heen not a little surprised to see thatthe Congress was imagined by the principal discip les of Maltbus . If Socialists had taken that initiative , nothing more simple . It is but natural that , to those who work for the triumph of the principle of fraternity in the world ; to those who look npon misery , not as a merciless law of nature , hut as the effect of a bad social organisation ; to those who are convinced that thc earth can nourish

      all its inhabitants , and that it is the business ofthe genius of man , war should appear as what it really is in most cases , that is , an atrocious folly . Bat it wiU be asked , perhaps , why the Socialists have not taken that initiative . "Wh y ? It is because they are not so Utopian as they are thought to be . They who reason , do not put the cart before the horse . They understand that before you suppress armies , you must suppress kings , to whom armed prdletaires are indispensable to keep down prole tairss without arms ; and who , besides , have gwrt to acquire in battles .

      It is a pitv that at the moment when "Nicholas was about going to pacify Hungary , the gentlemen of the _Tcace Congress did not induce him , by earnest and good reasons , to desist from that intention . Can any one believe , bnt that the Emperor of Russia should have hastened to accede to so sentimental a request ? But' we never think of all things . We are sorry we mnst find fault , not -with

      Louis Biasc , hut until the editor of the _Eno-lish edition of the New World . In an article entitled " Public Opinion and Socialism , " -which contains many truths and sound sentiments , some strange errors find a place . _Haviu _« informed his readers that " public opinion in this country , is the most absolute tyrant that evey swayed over society , " the editor proceeds with the following astounding

      statement;—The present government , animated as they really are with the most sincere anxiety to offer adequate remedies to existing evils , their efforts are conctantlv baffled in public _oninion , and unable to contend with its insuperable weight , they now and then offer to the world those humiliating exhibitions of subdued justice and rights , submissively swing way to the imperious bid ofthe blind feeling of a misled people .

      We deny , point blank , that the present rulers of England are animated by a sincere desire to reform existing evils . We deny that in the work of real reform they encounter , -would or could encounter , opposition from the people , described as ' - ' misled , " and animated by a " blind feeling . " We assert that , on the contrary , public opinion is ever immeasurably in advance of the Government . We should like to see a list of the reforms which have been proposed by the Government , and

      rejected bv the " blindfeeling" ot a "misled " people . They would , indeed , be the curiosities of statesmanship , and we fancy would be found to be about as substantial as the dagger which Macbeth saw _»•** _«« _^ minded that , in the matter of Education the Sectarians overwhelmed the Government , we _a _^ _wS that the sectarians triumphed , because _Se G overnment did not propose a ventable _measure of reform , which , had sucn been P _^ posed , would have i _^ JP _^ _TSSS _^ 11 berennnde

      _KS _^^ _S . _- _ofJIaynooth ? We answer , _« f */ J ™ Zeal" was very properly supported by Public _Snion-adverse to all endowments of thrpriesthood . Public Opinion desires no State Church-and , therefore consistently _oppotes the addition of another State Church _SSshnicnt On the other hand , Public Opinion is at this moment deinanding Parha-Sry Eeform , Financial Reform , and a host of other reforming measures , pohticaland social Will the _Government-happy to find

      Louis Blanc's Monthly "Review. The New W...

      Public Opinion so advanced—come before Parliament next Session with the measures called for by the public voice ? Nothing of the kind . The initiative in the work of real Eeform , eo far from being taken by the Government , is always opposed until a sense of danger forces concession to the popular will . Amongst other " pictures of the English " as they are—not , we find the folllowing : — The lower classes , of England are nurtured into false judgments and sentiments from their cradle , and an enlightened education not being at hand to dispel those prejudices , they carry them to the threshold of their tomb , and leave them as a lamentable heritage to their posterity .

      The " lower classes" is hardly a term befitting a Socialist publication . That great ignorance exists amongst the Proletarian classes of this country , is too true ; and it is to be regretted that , in that respect , they are too much like the masses elsewhere—witness the fruits of Universal Suffrage in France . This much , however , we will say , that—thanks to their comparative intelligence and true liberality—the admirers of Louis Blanc number at least a thousand to one in tbe lower classes , as compared with the middle and hig her classes . * Here is another erroneous

      statement : — An Englishman is taught from his infancy to regard his nation as the first in the world the wretched historical compilations placed in his hands strengthen that vanity , which rendered excusable from undeniable grandeur , might prove harmless , were it not for the exclusive selfishness it imparts to the heart and mind . This may be true enough of a great number of Engtishmen of the higher orders , but it is not true of the people as a whole . We are persuaded , that in no country in the world is there less of national egotism than in England . The English "lower classes" have outgrown that folly . In support of his censure of

      English egotism , the Editor of the "New World" asks : " Who has not been struck on the Continent , with the profound disdain , the grave _supineness , with . which English tourists seem to regard everything they see ?* ' A Socialist should be too just , too well-informed to set up English aristocrats as representatives of the English people . Other errors we might notice , but thc task is an unpleasant one , and we forbear . If "F . 5 . _Trehonnais" is a native of the Continent—his ignorance of England and the English is excusable . Itis , nevertheless , to be regretted that his errors should mar the good work in course of performance by bis chief , Louis Blanc .

      We think we observe in the article by M . Trehonsais , indications of an attempt to make socialism " respectable , " and acceptable to the " higher classes . " We warn our friend Louis Blanc , that any such attempt will seriously damage Jim in the estimation of the "lower classes ; " a consummation we should nnfeignedly deplore . As regards the writings of LOUIS BLANC himself , we can only repeat our heartfelt desire that they may reach the hands of every labourer in this country ,

      A Letter To Messrs. De Tocgueoire And De...

      A Letter to Messrs . De TocgueoiRe and de Falloux . By Joseph Mazzini . London Printed for the Italian Refugee Fund Committee , and published by C . Fox , 67 ,

      Paternoster-row . This is a neat reprint in pamphlet form of Mazzisi _' s magnificent philippic in defence of the Roman Republic , and exposure of the crimes and falsehoods of its assassins . The following extracts we shall fitly entitle : —

      THE BBIGASDS AXD _1 IABS USXlASKED . The number of" foreigners" who assisted in the defence of Rome , was . from 1 , 400 to 1 , 500 men ; from 1 , 400 to 1 , 500 men amongst a total of 14 , 000 ; for it is mil that Holy _sliould hiowthatli , 000 men , a young army _tvitliout traditions , and improvised mder the verv fire of die enemy , held in check for two montlis 30 , 000 soldiers of Frame . You know ail this gentlemen , or you could have known it , and therefore you ought to have done so ; and nevertheless you shamelessly gave out to the assembly the _numbsr of "foreigners" as 20 , 000 , as a proof that after all it was not the Roman idea that you had endeavoured to stifle in blood : and npon this cipher

      of your own invention depends the greater part of your argument . Foreigners . ' I entreat pardon of my country for having inscribed the word , after yon , npon my page . What ! Lombards , Tuscans , Italians , foreigners at Rome ! And is it by you , Frenchmen , by you who , in re-establishing the _pontifical throne , have been supported by Austrians and Spaniards , that this reproach is made ? A year ago our provinces sent the elite of their youth to fight upon the plains ofLombardy as to a convention of honour ; but I do not remember that Radetsky ever called them in his proclamations foreigners . The absolute denial of Italian nationality has been reserved for the nephew of him who

      at St . Helena uttered these words : — " Unity , of manners , of language , of literature , show that Italy is destined to form a single country . " The accusation of violence , of a reign of terror , directed against the republican government , is an accusation to which the lie is now solemnly given by the facts of our defence . The armed enthusiasm ofthe -whole people is not to be commanded by terror , and you are compelled gentlemen , either to calumniate the value of the French arms , or to confute your own statements—to declare that a few factious individuals were not only able to restrain a population of 160 , 000 souls , but also , for two months , to contend with and often to conquer your

      army ; or , in order to preserve yourselves from the stain of imbecility and cowardice , to confess that the government , the people , the National Guard , and the army of Rome , were all united together as brothers in the common idea of liberty , and of war to the enemies of the republic . It is necessary to speak of this , so that , at least , you cannot repeat the absurd accusation without others being able to reply " yours is a , premeditated lie . " Pass by the assassination of Rossi , whieh has been so often and so hypocritically cited . The republic inaugurated on the Oth of February 1 S 49 , has no occasion to exculpate itself from a deed which occurred on the 16 th of November , 1 S _48 ,

      when the princely party , the moderates , the partisans of Charles Albert , possessed the field , and drove away , or condemned to absolute silence , thc men of republican faith . _JN ' o one in Italy accuses your revolutions of having had their rise in assassination , because the Duke of Berry fell by the dag « cr , and five or six attempts at regicide _succeeded each other in the space of two years in Paris . Mark the facts which , in every time , and in every place , accompany every system supported by violence . During nearly five montlis of republican government can you , gentlemen , point out a single condemnation to death for a political offence ? A _sin" !* exile , founded upon political suspicions ? A

      _single exceptional tribunal instituted in Rome to ud e political offences ? A single newspaper _suspended by order of the government ? A single decree directed to restrain the liberty of thc press anterior to the siege ? If so , point them out . Point out the laws originating in a system of terror ; point out the ferocious band of whom you speak ; point out the victims of our rule — or resign yourselves to be branded as LIARS . In one of our declarations we said , "The republican banner raised in Rome by the representatives of the people does not represent the triumph of one fraction of citizens over another ; it represents a common triumph , a victory gained by the many ,

      accepted by the immense majority , of the principle of good over that of evil , of the common right over the arbitrary rule of the few , ofthe sacred equality which God has decreed to all over , privilege and despotism . Wo cannot be republicans without being and _provins ourselves better than the overthrown powers . . ** . We are not the government of a party , but the government of a natiou Neither intolerance nor weakness . The republic is conciliating and energetic . The government of tlie republic is strong , therefore fearless" In these lines were summed up the republican programme ; nor was it ever violated by the men who ruled our re-Dublic . as vours has been . O ministers of France

      And _* e were strong , strong in tho love ofthe good—tbe bad amongst \ is are but few ; strong in the common consent of the citizens , and with a strength differing widely from yours , gentlemen . T ' e had no necessity , in order to maintain ourselves in power , to place the capml in a slate of siege , to dissolve the national guard , to fi ll the prisons , to exile ( amongst others ) tite representatives of the people , to condemn to transportation hundreds of working men , and to surround ourselves by cannon and soldiers Our capital was cheerful and happy under the

      weight of sacrifice which sudden changes must always impose upon a state ; tranquil and sereno when the presence of your army under its walls mi « ht have provoked the malcontents , if malcontents were to be found in Rome , to acts of rashness . Our national guards furnished upwards of 7 , 000 men for active service within the city and on the walls . Our prisons were all but empty of political offenders . Two or three individuals strongly suspected of intercourse with your camp , two or three individuals taken in the very act of conspiracy , and

      A Letter To Messrs. De Tocgueoire And De...

      an official , Zaraboni , guilty of desertion , were all who were under trial when M . de Corcelles visited the prisons . The five or six prisoners , Freddi , Ami , and the rest found by him in the Castle of St . Angelo , were there by order of Pius IX ., and for the plots against his government . The men most averse to the republic , aMamiana , a _Pantaleoni , walked free through the streets of Rome . We reminded the people who mistrusted them that the republic , superior to the dethroned power , held opinions to be inviolable , unless manifested in dangerous acts ; and the people , generous by nature , and from a consciousness of power , understood and respected this ; nor was there any danger for such men , until we could no longer interpose , and tho

      spectacle of your brute force irritated the multitude to reaction . Owing to the impossibility of keeping guard round the whole circuit ofthe city , several of our cannons often remained acesBible to any one , and without a single soldier to guard them . And thu" it happened on the lGth of May , when our troops moved on the side of . Nilletri against the army of the King of Naples—when from 5 a . m . until midnight the city remained without a single soldier and entrusted solely to the people . The French _troopB were at a little distance from the walls . The few guards left at the palace gates vere withdrawn , as they were wanted elsewhere . The affection of the people was our safeguard . Neither then , nor at any other timeamidst the

      , evils of an inevitable financial crisis , in the midst of physical privations inseparable from the semiblockade which your forces extended around us , alike under your bombs as under the corrup tion which your agents and those from Gaeta endeavoured to excite—not an attempt at insurrection was made by those whom M . Drouyn de Lhuys insolently calls the honest ones ; not a single voice arose to say to us descend . Faction ! terror ! Ah , if you ministers of France , retained a shadow of shame you would , on looking around , and thinking ofthe fears and violence b y which you rule in Paris , have studiously avoided thest words , from die fear that others would read there your own condemnation . And if the Assembly before which you spoke had not

      been irreparably corrupt and inaccessible to the love of truth—if the members who supported by their votes your foreign policy , instead of servilely following in the track of the power of the moment whatever it might be , had had any system in their minds , however different from ours , or had been actuated by any faith—a hundred voices would have arisen to say to you , "Be silent , nor dishonour our aims by open falsehood . Wliat ! your first decree in Nome is to establish the council of war for political offences ; on the 5 _tJt of July you dissolve the clubs , you forbid all meetings , you threaten exemplary punishments to protect persons having friendly relations with your troops ; on the _Gtfc you , dissolve the civic guard ; on the 7 th you command the complete disarming- of the — —

      citizenson the _litJt you suppress tiie journalson the 18 _fft you fulminate threats against any meeting composed of more than five persons ; ' all these your acts in the midst of a population which you declare to be favourable to you and which comes officially announced to us by your journal , are exactly those which we upon your word , believed to have taken place as part of a system of terror in Rome under the republican government , and of which we do not discover a trace in their decrees ; and yet you impudently persist in throwing out an accusation against them , which must recoil upon yourselves , and yon boast yourselves the restorers of liberty _inyeace and order . " And this state of things still exists ; exists two months after your triumph . The prisons are choked

      with men , for the most part guilty only of having obeyed the ruling power , and pointed out by spies to priestly vengeance . Upwards of fifty prisoners are confined in the castle of St . Angelo , guilty of having lent their services in our republican hospitals . Even the subaltern officials in the police are not spared in Rome , and are ferociously condemned to the galleys for life , hi Tetni , in Bologna , in Ancona , in Rimini , young men guilty of having a musket in their possession bave been shot . There is not perhaps in the Roman States one famil y in five , one of whose members is not either an exile or a prisoner . The men of the self-called moderate party—the men whom , when entering Rome , you declared to be

      rightfully there , are through you in exile . Mamiami , Galeotti , Father Ventura are exiles . Your work is one of destruction , equal to tbat accomplished by the monarchy in Spain , in 1823 . Would that you had at least the brutal courage of the monarchy ! But false interpreters of an idea which is not your own ; secret enemies to the banner which you have publicly sworn to serve ; conspirators ratiier titan ministers—you are condemned to wrap yourselves round with hypocritical and premeditated falsehood . Falsehood is your fundamental assertions ; falsehood in the particulars ; falsehood in yourselves ; falsehood in your agents ; falsehood—Iblush in _saving it , for France , ivhich you have at lengdt brought so low as to soil lie ) traditionary honour—falsehood in

      the generals of your army . You have conquered by falsehood , and by falsehood you endeavour to justify yourselves . General Oudinot LIED when , in order to deceive the populations , and to smooth for himself the road to Rome , he vilely trafficked in our affections for France , by keeping the Italian tricolour , which he knew himself about to overthrow , entwined with the French flag at Civita Vecchia until the 15 th July . lie LIED impudently by affirming in his proclamation that the greater part of the Roman army had fraternised with the French , when the whole staff of the army protested and resigned , when only 800 men ( at the present time even they are dissolved ) accepted the proposed conditions of service . He LIED AS A COWARD ,

      when , after having given his solemn promise in writing not to assault the city before _htmvlay , the 4 th of June , he assaulted it on the ni ght of tho Sabbath . The envoy Lesseps LIED , when induced by a culpable weakness , partly redeemed by the hope of remedying the evil , he reassured us by continual promises of aconclusive treaty , and conjurin " us not to attach importance to the movements of the French troops , dictated solely hy the necessity of satisfying the soldiers , who were impatient of repose , whilst in the meantime you basely took advantage of our good faith to study unmolested our defences , to strengthen yourselves , and to occupy unexpectedly , during an armistice , the strategetical point of Monte Mario . M . de Corcelles LIED

      , when in contradiction to the declaration of the Roman Municipality , to that of the foreign consuls , and to the testimony of a whole city , he declared that Rome had never been bombarded . The bombs fell for many nights , and particularly from the 23 rd to the 24 tb , and from the 29 th to the 30 th , most frequently and injuriously upon the Corso , upon the Piazza di Spagna , upon the Babbuino , upon the Colonua Palace , upon the hospital of Santo Spirito , upon that of tho Pellegrini , and in other places . You LIED , M . de Tocqueville , when relying upon the ignorance of your majority , you boasted a solitary fact in history , of the choice of the point towards the Parta San

      Pancrazio , for assaulting the city as if for tho greater safety of the people and their habitations . Rome offers at the gate of San Paolo and at the gate of San Giovanni an open country , whilst the gate , of Saint Pancrazio is surrounded b y the people and their houses ; the gate of San Pancrazio was chosen because from there a communication with Civita Vecchia could be kept with less risk , and because whilst from the other points it would be necessary to descend to a battle with the people and their barricades , which you rightly feared , from that of San Pancrazio , the Janiculutn dominating Rome offered the opportunity of conquering it , not by a war of men , but of bombs and cannons . YOU HAVE ALL LIED , FROM HIM miO

      IS THE FIRST AMONGST YOU TO THE LOWEST OF YOUR AGENTS , to us , to the Assembly , to France , and to Europe , when , from the first day of the nefarious undertaking to the last , you have repeated promises of protection , of brotherhood , and of liberty , that you had already determined to betray . In the following sublime _language , Mazzini predicts THE FUTURE . The Roman Republic has fallen ; but its right lives immortal , a phantom that will often rise to disturb year dreams . And it shall be our care to evoke it . The political question is intact . The Roman constituent assembly , by declaring that it yielded solely

      to force , without entering into any condition , or becoming a party to any unworthy compromise , took from you every basis of legal action . We have not capitulated . Rome ' s right exists as strong as on thc day when the republic was first inaugurated . Defeat has left it unchanged . The vote of the populations , legally and freely expressed , remains a normal condition of life , from which no one can now retreat . You dare not deny that right ; in all that has passed , you have hut sought to weaken and to render doubtful its expression . And the defeat of those whom you falsely denominated as factious , removing , even in the opinions of those who believed in you , every obstacle to the free _voting of the population , has rendered the rig ht of voting move urgent and move sacred . For us , for those who feel with us , the right of Rome has deeper root and other hopes than those

      which are merely local . The roots of Homes rig hts embrace in their ramifications the whole of Italy : the hopes of Rome are the hopes of tho Italian nation , whose re-awakening neither you nor any other ' s veto can prevent . God decreed that , awakening on tbe day when all monarchical delusions overcome one by one , when all false ideas of leagues and federations which an erroneous doctrine had tried to implant amongst us had been expiated by martyrdom , the . Italian national instinct raised within the ancient capital the banner of national unity , and declared that God and thc people should henceforth be tho only masters in Italy . Rome is the centre of Italy : the palladium of the Italian mission ; and the city in which broods the secret of our future religious life can patiently endure the brief delay which your arms have unexpectedly caused to the developement of its destinies .

      A Letter To Messrs. De Tocgueoire And De...

      You ; are ministers of France , gentlemen—I am only an exile : you have power , gold , armies , and multitudes of men dependent on your nod . I have only consolation in a few affections , and in the breath of heaven which . speaks to me from the Alps of my country , and of which you , inexorable in persecution as are all thoso who fear , may yet deprive me . Yet I would not exchange my fate with yours . I bear with me in exile the calm inspired by a pure conscience . I can fearlessly raise my eyes to meet those of other men , without the' dread of meeting any one who can say to me : — " You have deliberately lied . " I have combated , and will combat again , without pause as without fear , wherever I may be , the wicked oonressors of my

      country—falsehood , m whatever guise she may clothe herself , and the powers which , like yours , rely upon maintaining or _^ instituting the reign of privilege upon Wind force , and upofl the negation of tho progress ofthe peoples ; but I have fought with loyal arms ; never mJ _! lied lnyself h _J calumny , or degraded myself by using the word assassin against one _unknown to me , and who was perhaps better than myself God save you , gentlemen , from dying in exile ; because you have no such consciousness with which to console yourselves , Published at the price of a peuny only , we antici pate that this pamphlet will have—what it so well deserves—an immense circulation amongst the admirers of Mazzini , Rome , and Freedom .

      Sunshine And Shadow ; A Tale Of The Nine...

      SUNSHINE AND SHADOW ; A TALE OF THE NINETEENTH CENTURY . BV THOMAS MARTIN _WHEBLBR , Late Secretary to the National Charter Association and National Land Company . > . _CniriBR XXXIII . But lovely is a woman ' s soul , And e ' enwhen sorrow spurns control , Jts selfishness , she smothers ; And Mary ,. though perchance the dart Had entered deeper in her heart Ev ' n than her husband ' s breast ; yet cherished The thought ' that in Aw grief had perished , The tbojigh" _"'" the sympathy for others 1 So , roused at moments from her bow'd And brooded sorrow , she surveyed , Alarmed and anxious , the strange cloud That o ' er her husband cast its shade . Too pure , too guileless to discover Tho barb and mystery of his soul , Sho dreamt not she beheld a robber , In him compassion would console .

      But oft , when Mary with her sweet And her delicious beauty , stole Athwart his presence—seemed to fleet The demon from her husband ' s soul 1 With a fixed and charmed eye , And a quick and startled sigh , Would his _panting heart pursue her . ' As if to use the fairy words—That Passion tuned to fancy ' s chords-He yearned to meet her silvery feet , His soul to pour unto her .

      Yet sometimes e en her magic failed , And a darker power prevailed , Then a , cloud came o er his air , Or a swift and angry glare In his gloomy oyeball glittered , And low words he strung embittered , By the passions of a breast , Roused—a tempest from its rest . Lytton Buhver . Arthur reached his dosolate home , if an almost empty garret in a filthy Metropolitan alloy deserves to be recognised by that name ; his wife was anxiously awaiting his return ; no cheerful blaze illumined the grate—no candle shed its pale ray around—she sat by tho remains of what had once

      been a window , gazing vacantly on the roof of the opposite house , and listening to the rain as it pattered on the tiles , and dropped heavily on the remnant ofthe pavement below ; grief was heavy at her heart , —the enthusiasm which once glowed in her bosom was for ever chilled , —misery had dimmed the beauty of her countenance , and the voice that was once melodious in the song , and the step that was once so light in the dance , were now sad and heavy , their harmony and elasticity had for ever departed ; with sensitive frames the volitions ofthe body depend greatly upon the temper of the mind ; continued sorrow acts as an opiate on the body , chilling and benumbing its faculties , until the soul departs from it , and the more mechanism

      remains , injured—disfigured and bereft of its pristine vigour . Intent on her sombre meditations , sho heard not the footsteps of her husband , and his intoxicating accents were the first harbingers of his return ; he throw down a quantity of silver on a box cpntainiiiing . their scanty wardrobe , which served them ' for a table , and bade the astonished woman fetch wherewith to ' eatand drink ; iu utter astonishment '' she ' _subtly obeyed , and the poor outcast threw himself on tho bed , and was soon lost in slumber . The wife , in her innocence , imagined , when sufficiently collected to think upon the subject , that he had applied to some former acquaintance and procured this timely supply ; and of tbe handful of silver which he had scattered on the box

      but the smallest modicum was expended , and she speedily returned with a loaf and the necessary ingredients for making tea , and was followed by a boy bearing a small quantity of coal and wood . With unaccustomed cheerfulness she was soon busily employed in preparing this frugal meal ; the child , their davling Fanny , was awakened to partake of the welcome treat , but the husband still slumbered , and the poor wife , though longing to partake of the smoking beverage , was unwilling to disturb his slumbers . 0 the patient virtues of womankind , how they shine when compared with man ' s selfish engrossments ; never does sympathy with the distress of others forsake the breast of woman ; never does their own grief make them callous to the

      feelings of their fellow-sufterers . 1 or upwards of an hour did Mary wait in patience the period of her husband awakening , unwilling to lose the pleasure of his participating with her in their cheerful meal , and Arthur , when he awoke , was p arched and feverish , —the conflicting emotions of his mind , and the unusual quantity of liquor he had partaken , caused him to feel lassitude and depression , and to Mary ' s inquiries relative to his possession of so much money , lie replied , that he had found tho purse in the street , and that delirious with joy , he had partaken of brandy , and becoming stupified , had not yet examined his prize ; he then handed her tho purse , which sho took without the remotest suspicion of the truth ofthe narration , and emptying

      its contents , round , to her astonishment , upwards of twenty sovereigns , in addition to the silver she had previously received ; this was indeed a perfect mine of wealth as compared with their previous indigence , and though Mary spoke of the loss it would be to the owner , yet she felt no scruple of conscience in applying it to satisfy their wants , but seemed rather to regard it as a kind gift of Providence to remove them from the temptations of misery . Arthur , p leased with the success of his stratagem , and anxious to avoid further questioning , pleaded illness , and was soon in thc world of visions , but joy kept Mary long awake , —a thousand ways had she to consider how the money mi g ht bo most advantageously laid out , until the bitter reflection came

      over her that had tins treasure been theirs but a few weeks earlier her lost Arthur might still have been nestling in her bosom , and the vain regret bedewed her pillow with bitter tears , and more than balanced her previons pleasure . Joy and sorrow are so mingled in tho cup of human existence that the sweets of the one are oft neutralised by the bitters of tho other ; seldom indeed can we empty the chalice of its divine nect . ir but the poison lurking in its dregs insiduously mingle with the draught , and the balm is turned into gall . A week lias elapsed ; they have removed from their former filthy abode ; thc pawnbroker has been visited , and '" ' they are again clad in decent apparel , and Arthur " being now enabled to appear in the face of day has

      received the promise of a situation ; the glow of health begins to appear upon their haggard cheeks , and Mary ' s spirits rise _proportionally with their improved prospects , but it is not so with Arthur , he is no longer the even-spi rited character of our former tale , —a weight seems hanging upon his mind , which all the endearments of Mary serve not to remove , —he had ascertained , by a report in somo newspapers which he had borrowed to look at the advertisements , that the man he had robbed was Walter North , Esq ., who that day had been created Lord Maxwell ; the particulars were too miutttethc time and place too accurately engraven on his memory—to leave him a shadow of doubt , that the friend of his early years—the brother of his once

      adored and lamented Julia—had been the victim to his necessities , and the knowledge of this fact imparted additional uneasiness to his mind ; he morbidl y conceived that he had trampled upon the memory of his lost love , and insulted her in her grave by committing this outrage upon her brother ; he knew not to thc lull extent how treacherous that brother had proved to her , —he dwelt only on the insult to the dead , and even fancied he could hear her upbraid him with it . Conscience , what cowards thou dost make even ofthe strongest minded , until familiarity with crime begets indifference , and success or punishment

      alike has taken off the novelty of the first plunge into the turbid waters of criminality . Tlie man who , driven by stem necessity , has committed one crime , is harassed by vain remorse during the remainder of his existence , whilst the man of many crimes is hardened and indifferent ; but better far to our ideas of relig ion and morality is the victim to one great and solitary crime , than the man of the world , —the respectable villain , whose whole life is a series of meanness and hypocrisy , unrelieved by magnanimity of any description , —true , he evades the law and the law ' s justice , but ho is none the less a villain , —the gold that he accumulates may be encrusted with the gore of his starving victims , —

      Sunshine And Shadow ; A Tale Of The Nine...

      tho respectability of which he boasts may be based on tho ruin and prostitution of hundreds , —the blighted hearts he has trampled upon may be thickly strewn about his path , —but he recks it not , tlie world smiles on him , he has no remnant of natural religion in his soul , and he knowsnorcmorse with demure and sanctified countenance he worships \ iu _the ten , P ' e of * God , and boasts , with thc 1 harisee of old , " that ho is not a sinner like other men ; " well might tho glorious Byron sing , " Oh ! for a forty parson power to sing thy praise , hypocrisy . Arthur Morton , driven by poverty to crime , endured more mental anguish from this ono unguarded act than he had ever experienced during his many and appalling privations : in vain did

      reason plead , that though he had broken the conventions of society , yet had he but obeyod the first great law of nature , self-preservation ; that tho gold he had stolen through life , and wealth to him and his famil y was but an atom from the store of his former schoolfellow ,-an atom that would have been dissipated in vice , or squandered in frivolity , — it nevertheless haunted him like a spectre , and cast a still darker shadow over his dreary fate , and yet he was no victim to religious fantasies ; it was no supernatural terror that prostrated his mind , it was his . high sense of rectitude—his pure feelings of morality—which had been broken and disturbed , and the wound bled the more inwardly from its outward concealment ; and when time , that _ei-eat

      opiate to all cares , had modified his feelings of regret , and rostored somewhat of serenity to his mind , in the irregular impulses of his after career an astute pyscolist might trace tho working of some secret crime which had deranged the balance of his mental faculties , and threw its perturbing influence over his conduct . Oh ye sages and philosophers who affect to trace the hidden springs ofthe human mind , —to p icture its strength and its weakness , its growth and its decay , and to outrival the religion of old , —have ye no balm to bestow on a wound like this ? is their no restorative in your mental pharmacopeia for a guilty conscience ? can yo not compete with the priest and the confessor , and speak peace to tho shaken mind ? can ye give no

      absolution to the erring but repenting mortal ? if not , vain is your craft . The grand impostures of former times were more in accordance with tho feelings of frail humanity , —more soothing to the hopes and aspirations of tho bleeding heart than the stern wisdom of the present day , —they , with all tlieir seeming pride and austerity , felt more nicely tho pulse of the great human heart , —dived more minutely into its hidden intricacies , and restored its beatings to a more healthy tone than all your boasted philosophy can effeet , —hence the ascendancy they gained over the minds of men , —hence the vast empire they erected in thc human soul , the ruins of which still strike us with awe and wonder .

      Vast fragments of a mighty fabric , destined , perchance , under a new phase , and with the lights of a new experience , to again regain the empire of the mind , and . Colossus like , bestride the portals of tho soul , making puny the crafts of the present age ; for what is Communism but a new organisation of the disjointed fragments ofthe gigantic past , —a fresh breathing into the dying clay of past existence ; a resurrection of the soul of decaying humanity , divested of tho groBsness and impurities of its former material being ? in a word , a new earth -created from the ruins of a former world , —purified by tho fire of revolution , and rendered sacred by the blood and martyrdom of its founders . ( To be continued . )

      S^Ttmtc ^Mugemtttts

      S _^ _ttmtc _^ _mugemtttts

      New Strand Theatre. The Production Of Fi...

      NEW STRAND THEATRE . The production of five act comedies at this house has been attended with great success . Tho School for Scandal and the Rivals havo been added to the list , and the Road to Ruin was on Tuesday night excellently played by nearly the whole of the company _. This alteration in tho style of the performance dates from the engagement of Mrs . Glover . A pleasant trifle called tho Man-trap has been brought out . Alfred ( Mr . W . Fan-en , jun . ) , the son of Colonel Beaumont ( Mr . Farren ) , is about to Lo married to tho Countess de Rosseille ( Mrs .

      Stirling ) , a widow many years his senior . The father arrives in a rage , but is met by the widow disguised as an antiquated coquette , who confirms his opinion that she is a " Man-trap . " She then appears in her usual attire , and pretending to be her own daughter , captivates him to such an extent , that ho resolves to marry her himself , while a wife is found for Alfred in the person of her actual daughter , Florence ( Miss R . Isaacs ) . This piece , which we aro assured , is original , is well acted , and is enlivened by some music sung by Miss Isaacs and Mr . W . Farren , jun .

      Lyceum Theatre. An Elegant Adaptation Fr...

      LYCEUM THEATRE . An elegant adaptation from the French , by Mr . Charles Dance , was produced on Tuesday night , under the title of Delicate Ground . A Republican legislator of France , in 1793 , Citizen Sangfroid ( Mr . Charles Matthews ) , wishes to cure his wife ( Madame Yestris ) , of a romantic passion for an empty-headed aristocrat ( Mr . Roxby ) . He admits the fact of the lady ' s predilection for another with the most provoking indifference , and consents to make the lovers happy by availing himself of the facile law of divorce prevalent at the time . His coolness has the desired effect . The lady and her lover , now thoy havo full liberty to throw themselves into each other ' s arms , discover that they aro

      in a state of mutual indifference , and the capricious fair one is but too glad to remain with her husband . Trifling as this plot may seem , it is the vehicle for introducing some excellent scenes , in which tho three personages , who have the stage to themselves , are played off against each other with much force , while the dialogue does the greatest credit to the English adapter . Almost every lino is a point , so that the whole sparkles with wit and worldly shrewdness , the grand purpose of the piece being to exalt common sense at the expense of sentimentality . Still , with all its merits , the piece would

      have fallen comparatively fiat had it been less perfectly played . Thc imperturbable coolness of Mr . Charles Matthews , and tho neatness and grace of Madame Vestris , as each , in hope of victory , darted a polished repartee at thc other , had all the charm of tho best French acting . Mr . Roxby , ns thc " spooney" lover , presented an apt surface of vacuity for the thrusts of his more astute opponent . The costumes contributed much to the general effect . Loud and repeated applause from an audience who had been kept on the qui vive during tho whole progress ofthe piece , followed its eoncltisinn .

      Tne Hudson Testimonial.—It Will Be Remem...

      Tne Hudson Testimonial . —It will be remembered that during the fall of 1845 a certain monomania pervaded the railway world , to give Mr . Hudson a testimonial for his great and valuable services to the railways . Every ono hastened to give solid honour to the great man iind to join the list of subscribers . Among them were numbered ladies , gentlemen , squires , clergymen , < fec ., even some of tho railway papers , but not _Iferapatft ' s Journal nor The Times . The subscriptions were not in little paltry sums , but flowed in round £ o s , £ 10 ' s , £ 25 ' s , _£ o 0 ' s . Some went as far as to give their hundreds . In short , there hardly ever was such a subscription to any one man except to Mr . Cobden . A sum of about £ 10 , 000 was apparently subscribed , and , wc believe , exceeding £ 15 , 000 actually realised . For

      it must be observed that somo were mere decoy ducks , particularly among Mr . Hudson ' s engineering friends , whose names figured for sums they never paid . For tho presentation of this testimonial a committee was appointed , to whose account , wc understand , the subscriptions wove paid into the York Union Bank ; Mr . Close being appointed the honorary secretary , a capital fellow "to make things pleasant , " was so careful to carry out his " pleasant" views , and " to make things extensively pleasant , " that lie appended to the end of his advertisements the following considerate notice : — " Several persons having applied to the committee to bo allowed to contribute to the testimonial , though not railway proprietors , the

      committee fell that as it is given to Mr . Hudson for the public benefit he has conferred [ how true ' , how rich 1 ] all parties should be at liberty to subscribe . " Well , many of them did subscribe , and , as above observed , between £ 15 , 000 and £ 10 , 000 was paid into the York Union Bank to the account of the committee . Mr . Hudson was at that timo chairman , we believe , of the bank , and whether it was to avoid a painful pressure on his modesty , by a public presentation , or to save the committee trouble and " make things pleasant , " we know not , but wo understand tho money was turned over from the credit of thc committee to the private credit of Mr . Hudson , and consequently was never presented

      to him ; but it is not the less true that Mr . Hudson had it , and , as rumoured , bought "Punch ' s " Gibraltar with it . Now , a question has been asked of us . As the Union Bank suffered the money to be turned over from one account to another , as it is supposed , without tho committee ' s authority , whether it is not liable to replace it to tho credit of the committeo ? We do not undertake to answer this question , not being familiar with the circumstances ; but we venture to say , if the corntnittoo lays hands on thc money again , it will hardly return to Mr . Hudson's pocket . Most likely it would flow hack through tho channels whence it came , and " make , things pleasant" beyond description to tlie good natural subscribers . —Ikrapaths Railway Journal .

      A _Desi-erate wound is the Thigh Cuhed _nv IloLtowat's Ointment and I _' ima —( Extract of a letter from J . S . Mundy _, farmer , residing at _kenuington , near Oxford , dated March 31 , 1818 . ) - " To Professor Ilolloway : Sir . — Having received a wonderful cure by tlie application of your ointment to a dreadful wound in my thigh , and from wliich 1 had long suffered , I feel it my duty to acknowledge the speedy and extraordinary effects produced by your valuable Ollltmaut and pills in my own case , having previously used several other r « incdies without success . 1 have also had various opportunities of witnessing thc beneficial results attending tlieir use among : my labourers , ( Signed ) J . S , Mundv . " '

      Mtitue* .

      _mtitue _* .

      Wasiii.N-Gton-. —-One Of The Most Striki...

      Wasiii . _n-gton-. — -One of the most striking things ever said of him is this "that he changed mankind ' s ideas of political greatness . " To commanding talent and to success , tho common elements of such greatness , he added a disregard of self , a _spotlcssness of motive , a steady submission to every public and private duty , which threw far into tho shado the whole crowd of _vulsrar _creat . The

      consequence is , that his fame is as durable as his principles , as lasting as truth and virtue themselves . — flanic Webster ' s Speeches . _Sec _tling thk Recko . n-ino . --A fire happening , no long since , at a public-house , a man passing at tho time entreated one of the firemen to play tho eni gno upon a particular door , and backed his request by the bribe of a shilling . The fireman consequently complied , upon which tho arch-rogue exclaimed" You ' ve done what I never could do—you ' ve lipuidated my score !"

      The Great _Esseo _tui ,. —There never did , and never will exist , anything permanently noblo and excellent in a character which was a stranger to tho exercise of a resolute self-denial . —Sir Walter Scott . SournERN' Politeness . — " They havo the politest way of doing things , down south , of any place we know of . A man whipped his female slave the oth « r day , at Glasgow , Mo ., so that she died in consequence . A coroner ' s jury was called , who brought in a verdict that ' tho woman died of appoplexy , brought on by excitement . ' That ' s a nico way to get over the crime of murder , is it not ?' —Boston Emancipator . Physic out of the Wrong Bottije . —There was once a poor man who was very , very ill ; ho went to a physician , who prescribed for tho patient .

      Tho invalid had the medicine made up at a chymists shop . The patient , good easy , doomed creature , took his medicino regularly ; he , however , kept Retting worse and worse , at length he died . Horrible to say , it was soon ascertained that the chemist had given tho sick man medicine out of the wrong botdc . The man of drugs , however , protested thatthe right medicine was administered , but that the patient had not taken enough to cure him . Depend on it , the priests of the world have hitherto given the people spiritual _pxilpit physic out of the _tvrong bottle . They have poisoned their minds ; and like the man of drugs , they say , "the people do not take enough of our hcauenly pidpit cordial . " Reador , if you arc capable of exercising thought , think of this storv . —David ' s Sling .

      Genius versus Priestcraft . —The Rev . G . Gilfillan { Edinburgh Neivs ) asks : " Who that can read and enjoy Carlyle , Emerson , Shelly , and Coleridge —and there are thousands in all our churches who can and do—will turn without contempt to tho run of our religious periodicals , where , too often , a rotten pietism takes the placo ofthe real , solid , and enlightened piety ; where a cold and arbitrary taste in vain mimics tlie miracles of genius ?" _Recreatio . y . —He that spends his time in sports , and calls it recreation , is like him whoso garment is all made of fringes , and his meat nothing but sources : thoy aro healthless , changeable , and useless . —Jeremy Tavlor .

      The _Biack-coated Gentry / . — " The wicked daws , " said tho hermit , " rob poor villagers and yet live in a church . They are old sinners , sir , those daws , —I know thero . They'd take tithe of wool from a day-old lamb and the one chicken from the widow ' s one hen , yet there they haunt and _roosfc in their grave black , and bring scandal on our doar old church by the rapacity of their ways . "—Douglas Jen old . A Hint to the wise Men ayont the Tweed . — "When we find , " argues the Morning Chronicle , " that one ofthe worst of national vices is carried to excess in a rigidly religious country , and that , as we go south and meet with more healthful popular recreations , we meet also with less drunkenness and less excess , it is not a mere theory to recommend a more liberal line of conduct to Scottish moralists , and to advocate the use of rational and innocent pleasures as aids to religion , virtue , and temperance . "

      One op the Fruits of the Factory System . —From tho report of the Rev . J . Clay it appears that at Preston , in one week , twenty-one druggists sold 081 b . loz . SJdrs . of Godfrey ' s cordial , infants preservative , syrup of poppies , opium , laudanum , and paregoric . Our- Representative System . —What is the present House of Commons ? Every one must confess that , as regards its being a National Representation , it is a miserable farce . The whole system is corrupt from its very core- Look at your

      Huntingdons , and hundreds of such places in the kingdom , under aristocratic influence . Are the members sent from these places the choice of the inhabitants ? No I they represent the opinion but of one man , and he sways the minds of hundreds . Wliat a miserable , degrading state of slavery is this . ' Even if the present House of Commons were to enact the most liberal measures , it would not alter the fact , that not being elected by the people they are net qualified to make laws . They have no earthly ri ght to legislate for the unrepresented , who are no parties to the engagement . —Oucratiucs' free Press .

      La Democratic Pacifique mentions that an American recently arrived in Paris , declared that if thc American president appeared in the streets in the same way as the French , surrounded by dragoons , the people would think ho was being conveyed to prison . Upsidk Dow _. w—During the English rebellion a gentleman who lay on his deathbed was asked how he would be buried , and answered , "With my face downward ; for within a while this England will be turned upside down , and then I shall lie right . " Way to lay up Real Wealth . —A man would do well to carry a pencil in his pocket , and write down the thoughts of the moment . Those that come unsought for arc commonl y the most valuable , and should be secured , because they seldom return , — _Zoi-fZ Bacon .

      " What part of speech is hat ? " asked a dame the other day . " Masculine , " replied the scholar . " Indeed . Then what ' s the feminine ? " " Why , bonnet , to be sure . " Beware of Bad Company — " 'Tis strange , " muttered a young man as he staggered home from a supper party , '' how evil communications corrupt good manners . I ' ve been surrounded by tumblers all the evening , and now I ' m a tumbler myself . " The Schoolmaster still Abroad . —At the request of the gentlemen to whom tho following letter was addressed , it appeared in tho Liverpool Mercury : — " Mr . Meagher if that £ 2 10 s . is Not Peaid to-deay i Shall Enter it into the Corfc to

      Morrow i Shall wot com hero to Bee Meaid A Ful on so often With you i Nover Meaid A Full on you When i owd you eiiey Money When you send i ceam Right Awcay And Peayd you With out Eney Fulery And When I Wanted Eney dritik i penerley sent hero For it As i Never _shawd you such Reaireir a ? you hcaive shawn Mee i Will hoaive you to No i Sold the Mcaifc to you and Sot to Neil so i sUll Meaik you to Pe . iy thoay Muncy Mcssis menisci' i will _ssay this yoour Boaivev Were Far difereht to his you wanted him to pcay Mcc such childishness dose Not do At al time in generley the Full Falls to tho Loss And Men in Bisiness shud think At that Mr . Mager .

      Talent axd Genius . —Who , in thc same given time , can produce more than many others , has vigour ; who can produce moro anil better , has talent ; who can produce wliat none else can has genius \—Lavater . Chinese Delicacies . —Oils are abstracted from the olive , sesame , cotton seeds , several kinds of cabbage , pork tat , and fish , wliich , together with tho castor oil , arc all used for culinary purposes ; the use ofthe latter for any purpose other than a medicine , is , I should suppose peculiar to the Chinese , it is pressed through a _cullunder _, and when fresh has not the aroma that it afterwards acquires . — Duck ' s eggs aro in great requisition , and in order to moot thc demand for them , great numbers are

      kept on all navigable rivers and canals , in floating poultry houses . They are under very remarkable discipline , they go out to feed , and return home with wonderful expedition , and at a word from their masters will do almost anything that can bo required of them ; he stands meanwhile at the entrance , and flogs thc straggler , and rewards the foremost . They arc never allowed to hatch their own eggs , almost all towns having ovens for that purpose . The eggs of all birds aro used , but thoso of the ducks arc salted in the shells , as is the flesh also for sea stores . Considerable quantities of fish are salted and dried ; tho _colhu-d eel is very fine , but some are thrown away ; blubber even is eaten , as are water snakes , frogs , toads , shell fish of every species , tortoises , snails

      gelatinous worms , and lizards . The various grains are used in making unleavened bread , not unlike a muffin in appearance , cooked on the one side of a portable oven , and generally by steam , altogether with pastry of divers sorts , among whieh are some very similar to- European , as wafers , sponges , cakes , & c , which would be palateable enough were it not for the introduction ofa lump of pork fat , discoverable only by tho uninitiated , atamost disagreeable period . The introduction of pork fat into these articles of Chinese gastronomy is universal and disgusting . Imported , aro ginseng , a kind of liquorice , which was formerly a royal monopoly , and could only be grown on the emperor ' s property in tho north ' .

      but lias latterly been introduced from Canada , and some parts ofthe United States- _, and birds' ne sts of the sea swallow , a transparent substance , in appearance somewhat resembling a gum , reckoned a great delicacy , and sold at hi gh prices . I have seenVour or five , when very clear , weighing only three or four ounces each , sell for thirty dollars . ' They are brought from thc islands ofthe Eastern Archipelago , as likewise are beeches dc-mer—or sea slugs , brown looking snails , about six or seven inches long . -They aro an expensive luxury , so are the exotic dainties of roes , sounds , tripe , fius , aud tails of shark ? , In fact a Chinaman will eat everything but his own father . —Lieut . Forbes' Five Years in China .

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), Dec. 1, 1849, page 3, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns3_01121849/page/3/