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Northern Star (1837-1852), 2nd October 1847, Edition 3 of 3, Page 7, Cotomal aiiH ^ Kigit,

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      W0ctqber2, 1847. The Northery Star. 7

      _W 0 _CTQBER 2 , 1847 . THE NoRTHERy STAR . 7

      Ti The Evils Of Land Mokopol Io Ih«-N)--...

      TI THE EVILS OF LAND _MOKOPOL IO IH « -n ) _-- «» 01 ' raKl » BTHraJtBTAB . * , ¦ _Srsv , —¦ Whoever _bss been intimately acquainted i thath the condition of the operatives in the manufac * ig _nxing districts of Great Britain must have been forr _stjWy struck with the miserable and degraded state */ b _n which many thousands exist : even in seasons n - _jdien work is plentiful , and wages are comparatively i _, _b ' gh _, their domestic position is one of great _discoffi-, fort , and too frequently of moral degradation . Art inhas indeed usurped the empire over nature , and the _-ltresult is such as might have been anticipated . The m ' women _" _* -wes and daughters , labour all day at the to nulls : they earn money , it is true ; and their

      husidbands and fathers are compelled to remain in idleess and to live on the fruits of female labour ; but J . A _3 Ke cration of Home is the operative ' s garret ! bl What sce nes of lavish prodigal expenditure , and ai Beart-crnsliing feinine does it not present—what mia se rable drunken husbands are the companions of _s these thriftless wives ; and ah ! what wretched , a starving , op iate-lulled children are the offspring of cl such mothers ! The holiest duties , the most ena dealing ties , are neglected and forgotten ; and man , ii born in the image of his Maker , becomes but one $ degree better than the lower animals of Creation . 1 This is the result of factory labour , conducted as i it now exists , even in prosperous times ; but wben it there is a glut iu the market , and short hours aud i half weeks' work and wages are universal , is not the

      i < distress of the manufacturing districts dreadful ? tet the high taxation for poor-rates witness how i many are thrown on parochial charity (?) for bread-- —men who , from previous habits , cannot dig , and i who yet are ashamed to beg . Is it not horrible , — i is it not infamous , that man should beg his fellow-: man for work , and be refined ? And when , as at i present , tbe poor operatives are driven into strikes , i from the privations which their scanty wages compel them to endure when they have borne reduction of their weekly pittance until they hold patience to be a crime , and ' think damnation better still , ' and when masters find their warehouses filled and their pockets empty , because foreign markets are _overstored , shall we not see how evil a thing it is to legislate for the few instead of the whole—for class instead of conntry ?

      Doubtless England may yet glory in her manufactures , and find her wealth in her trade ; but then her own poor will be able to purchase her goodsher great trade will be with Houe . The bead that devised tbe plan by means of which the attention of the working classes migbt be withdrawn from the manufactures to the cultivation ofthe soil , is worthy of all honour : the heart that excited to the formation of the scheme must bave been wanned with the purest impulses of philanthropy , since the remedy proposed addresses itself directly to the disease , and can tail only through want of appreciation on the part of those who are to _ienefit bv its operation .

      The National Land Company addresses itself particularly to that leading feature in our characters which I noticed last week ; our love for that which we can call onr ownt the willingness with which we labour to improve it , and the lightness of all toil which can render it more valuable . It has never yet beeH pretended by the most detennined land-monopolist , that the soil of England is in the highest state of cultivation ; bnt it was reserved for those interested in the success of the

      poor , and working classes , to ascertain how very _muchbelnw its capability is the present productiveness of the land . Practical farmers have now discovered that great waste is inevitable in every item of the _expenditnre of a large farm , whilst the produce is , out of all proportion , small . In fact , the work done by plough , barrow , horses , and servants , instead of tbe proprietor's own willing arms and strong spade , is both expensive in the doing , and badly done .

      I hare to tender yon my best thanks , sir , for the courtesy with which you forwarded me a letter addressed to yon on this subject last week : and as I did not see it transcribed in your columns , you will , perhaps , permit me to quote it in evidence ofthe feasibility of the Land scheme . Bnrslem , September 15 th , 1817 , HOKOCZABU ASD _BESPICTED SlB , In tbe spring of 1844 , for the first time in my life , I took spade in hand to apply hand labour to the land ; I had sixteen perches , for which I paid sixteen shillings ; this land was a peat surface with clay substratum , and was not wor th more than £ 1 an acre , although I gave at the rate of eight . When I dug my potatoes I felt well satisfied with the success of _my'labouxs ; I then felt a growing inquiry spring up vdthin me , could I net grow

      wheat also % shortly after I was in converse with a man who was in the habit of reading tbe _Noktbebb Stab , and he spoke to me of a work on * The Management ol Small Farms , ' wrote hy Mr O'Connor . This work I resolved to have , hutprevions to getting it , a copy of the Stab ¦ for the first time was put into my hand . I therein _read an experiment in the growth of wheat by » _gentleiran , made npon one square yard in his garden , the result of which wat at the rate of forty quarter * an acre , or sixteen times the average got by the plough ; tbis I thought impossible , that one acre should produce sixteen times as much as the average produced by tbe plough , nevertheless , I thought I would prove tbe _assertion ; so , sir , yoa see , unbelief in me worked practice , aad practice brought experimental knonledge ; and now , air , for my experiment , which is at follows : —

      In October , 1844 , 1 laid ont three . beas , ten yards by three feet each , that being about one perch of ground , tha manure used for this purpose was composed of road scrapings , lime , nightsoil , and ashes , the beds thus prepared , I formed holes six inches apart and one and half deep . In time it pnt forth its bead , and one head measured seven inches and three-quarters . About the 10 th of August I cut it , and snch waa the cariosity excited by tbis wonderful phenomenon , that several persons cbmsienced a search for the largest root , and , rather strange to relate , as many as _thirty-seven , forty-one , forty-five , aad forty-nine strong reed stems were found from one wot , the produce of one grain . With this much I conclude , and if yon deem this _worthy of insertion , by so doing you will much oblige , Yonr- , with due respect , Joseph Hershau , Bnrslem .

      If Mr HenshaH could on such land grow wheat to such good profit , it must be perfectly evident to every thinking man , that a family may be maintained ( and in comfort , too . ' )' on a two , three , or four-acre allotment- But to obtain such allotments ; to become proprietors instead of hired labourers—to be _selfdependent and prosperous , depends not on Feargus O'Connor , but on the people themselves . He bas done all , and is doing all in his power for them . He

      has led them to a land of promise , bnt tbeir own bands must take and eat of the plentiful food by which they may be surrounded . The people : mast furnish the sinews of war—tbey must save and spare to attain the power of becoming free . It is true , they have Uttle power to do so with their present habits , but let them abstain for one year from the gin palace , and put one-half of the savings into a money box , and there will be no complaint of the want of power to purchase land .

      The moreindependent proprietors there are among the _louring classes , the better must be the condition of the whole body ; since the power now in the frauds of masters must be gradually reduced , aud finally a just balance of power be established between the employer and the employed . It is a true saying "There is fifty per cent , difference between ' will yoa buy ? and ' wul you sell ?'" Hitherto the master has had an unjust advantage , but it remains with the people to alter the face of affairs . So it is with the

      government . Now it can lay on what taxes it pleases ; on spirits , especially , it lays a heavy tax , aware that there are fools and madmen enough who , having little sense , wish to lose that little , and will purchase tbe taxed poison at the risk of health , happiness , and even life itself . But let the people learn to say , ' I can do without spirits—I will drink water / and the government finds its position reversed ; the people _, then become the sovereign power , and we shall have some chance of seeing a truly representative legislature .

      I cannot at this moment lay my hand on the report , which proves how much gin-drinkers have , within this year , contributed towards the forging of their own chains ; bnt I can tell them an anecdote which will prove , ( if proof be needed !) what valuable friends to despotism drunkards are . In India , food is cheap , and money scarce ; a _domestic servant , for instance , can board , clothe , and _» _% himself and family on wages equal to fourteen E Shsa shfflinra a month : and this sum will allow

      « _na getting drunk every night . It follows that a _"J » - pay makebimself into a beast tor a very small _« m _tttfeed-onepenny at the utmost . Yet in 1836 2 f S ° vern * _aeut _retums showed that the East India 2 jHf * - ? Profit of six lacs of rupees , or _* _Wa , onthe duty on the sale of the common _flK-S _*? ' _? _^ _* « - Madras alone . But , on _^ Ktl-I _. iiice reports of the same year , 5 S ? . _one-haip thegross population were dead drunk every night !«• So much for supporting -he government . I am , Sir , faithfully yours , Philodemos .

      Cotomal Aiih ^ Kigit,

      _Cotomal _aiiH _^ _Kigit ,

      India And China. The News From India By ...

      INDIA AND CHINA . The news from India by the recent overland mail is not of great interest . The little wars in Kajpootuna and _Gosmsoor continue . Tha president at Hyderabad is said to bave been direc ted to _caUupen the Ninm to arrange for the payment of bis debts to the Company . Of course , this _step ' has been taken preparatory to the confiscating of that prmce ' B territory ; the certain conclusion of all alliances contracted by the native powers with'tho Company . ? In the Punjaub things are quiet . As a specimen ofthe insolent manner iri which the British are in the habit of treatine the native powers , we quote the following from a Punjaub correspondent ef the Calcutta Star . *—The Banee has been grumbling lately at the want of attention paid her , so she was turned out to have a romp for twenty-four hours in the _Shalimar gardens , and caged again in the Summon Boor ; when she was tired of herpienic ;

      The alarm and dif tract on both sides , occasioned by the precipitancy of Sir John Davis ' s descent on Canton , coatinues in that city to the _detrimeatof all trade . The relief troops have arrived at Hong Kong , bnt the governor thioks it expedient to retain the regiments which were to have been sent back . The Hong Kong Register of June _24 tb , says : — Since our last issue there has been again a slight disturbance at Canton , attended with another attempt to burn the boat house adjoining the factories . A party of marines and seamen from the Pluto dispersed the mob inflicting several severe wounds with their cutlasses or bayonets .

      FRANCE . A great reform banquet has been held at St Quentin , which was attended by M . Lherbette , M . Odilon Barrot , and several other liberal members of the Chamber of Deputies . The opposition papers regard the banquet as another striking proof of the progress of reform doctrines , and anticipate from it an increased resistance on the part of the nation to the policy ofthe government . The public opinion in France ou the appointment of the Duke d'Aumale to the office of Governor-General of Algeria may be

      collected from the fact , that of the twenty journals and upwards published in Paris , tbere is but one which has not condemned the measure . Of course , the _exceptioaal paper is the organ of the court and the cabinet . The King has created Marshal Soult , Marshal-General of France . The government have given permission to Prince Jerome Bonaparte and his family to reside in France . M . Frederick Soniie , the author of a great number of popular French novels and dramatic pieces , died at Paris on Friday .

      A reform banquet took place on Sunday , at Meauxi for the purpose , as one ofthe Liberal papers _expresses it , ' of protesting devotedness to the country ' s _instd tution 3 ,- love of progress , and aversion towards ths _presentsystem of Government . ' Seven hundred and fifty persons took part in the banquet , which was presided over by M . _Dnmoulin-Dulys . M . Odilon Barrot , M . Drouin de 1 'Huys , M . Larabit , M . G . Lafayette , M , 0 . Lafayette , M . F . De Lasteyrie , and M . I . De Lasteyrie , aU deputies , were present , as were also a great many publio functionaries and eminentpersons of the department . Speeches ofthe usual character en such occasions were delivered , and were received with great enthusiasm .

      SPAIN . It appears thatthe new ministry is already in a state of crisis . Intriguing has already done its work , and the only Cabinet that for the last three years promised anything like an amelioration of the vicious system in force in Spain is about to be overthrown . The immediate cause of the Ministerial difficulties proceeds from General Serrano , who , it is said , has been bought over bythe French party by promises whicb will no doubt be broken . The little war In Catalonia continues , accompanied bythe usual butcheries of prisoners on both sides . The Carlists have at length bronght cavalry into the

      field . PORTUGAL . Lisbon news has been received to tbe 19 th inst . The continued and extensive frauds committed by the commissions in the registration of voters , the inutility of appealing for redress , the sense of insecurity felt by the people in the provinces and capital , and their dread of appearing at the Bra , had induced the chiefs ofthe Septembrist electoral committee to send a deputation to the Minister of the Kingdom _, with a petition to the Queen , claiming redress , protesting against the validity of the electoral process as far as it had gone , and demanding such a change of authorities throughout the kingdom as would be a guarantee of fairness in the registration and personal security atthe elections . The Minister coBsented to submit the demand to the decision of the Council of State . The Septembrist chiefs sent a copy ofthe petition , and addressed at the same time a note , to the ambassadors ofthe Allied Powers .

      SWITZERLAND . A letter from Berne ofthe 20 th , in tbe Debate , says : — The armament is still going on , and none but men in military uniforms are seen in tbe streets of Berne . About a hundred officers are assembled to practise tbe profession of armB . Four companies of artillery have been sent to Thnn to practise firing . Business is completely stagnant . The arrival of Lord Minto has made some sensation After having conferred with Hr Feel , he made along visit to H . _Ochsenbein , president ofthe Confederation , who returned it a few hours after . Each party puts its own construction on this event : but the most certain conclusion is , that his lordship has ex . pressed to tis President wishes that peace in Switzerland shonld Tbe preserved . Lord Minto tookhis departure this evening for Turin and Borne .

      Letters from Zurich ofthe 22 nd , say that the opening ofthe extraordinary session of the Grand Council took place on that day , when a resolution was adopted to make preparations to enforce tbe decree of the Diet against the Sonderbund , by a majority of 151 votes _asainst 29 . A credit was accordingly voted in favour of the executive body of the canton to enable it to complete the necessary military preparations . The credit demanded by the executive was 40 , 600 francs . The Council granted 60 , 000 . ITALY .

      Advices from Rome say that the proclamation of Cardinal Ferretti , respecting the popular demonstrations _, had elicited marks of discontent from the liberal party . The _Nuretnburg Correspondent of the 22 nd gives , under the date of Vienna , 18 th ultimo , the announcement that the Ferrara question is , in fact , terminated , for that a dysentery has broken out among the troops in that garrison , which has compelled the commander to discontinue the posts at the city gates for want of men . Thus it is implied tbat tlte troops will now be limited to the occupation of the citadel ; and the statu quo previously to the present dispute will be re-established , and nothing will prevent the remaining points of difference from being arranged diplomatically . The following is the diplomatic note delivered by Count _Lutzow , the Austrian representative , to the cabinet of the Vatican : —

      The undersigned , & c „ < fcc , having transmitted to his court the notice his Eminence the Cardinal Ferretti , secretary of state to his Holiness , had done bim tbe honour to address bim , a protestation against the measures of military service adopted iu the fortress of Ferrara by Lieut . -General Csant _Auersperg _, commanding the imperial troops which form its garrison , has received orders from his court to send the following reply to the cabinet of the Tatican : The set of the Cangress of Vienna , article 103 , gives to bis Imperial and Boyal Majesty the right of garrison in the fortresses ( places ) of Ferrara and Comacbios ; This expression of fortress ( place ) leaves no doubt as to the right allowed H . I . M . The town of Ferrara is surrounded by a forti . fled wall , which is contiguous to the works of the citadel .

      The ensemble of these precincts and the citadel form what is called tbe fortress ( place ) of Ferrara . Now , it is the right of garrison in the fortress ( place ) which has been granted to Austria . The court ef Borne bas never had the leaBt title to contest this _, nor to pretend that this right was merely applicable to the citadel ; this restriction is impossible , in the fact . Besides which , if the intentions of the congress had been to this effect , the term in the article quoted would have been citadel , and not tbe fortress ( place ) , for every one knows the difference which exists between these two expressions . The occupation of tbis fortress having never had , and on account of tbe devotedness the Austrian Court bears the Holy See never being likely to have , any other character than that of a prudent defensive , the orders given to all Austrian

      commanders have always been to limit the application of the military miss imposed on every garrison whatever tothe immediate environs of the parts occupied bythe imperial troops . The following passage , extracted frem the notice of his Eminence the Cardinal Secretary of State , of _tkosth August , 1847 , is itself a proef of the above . ( Here follows a passage in ItaliaB . ) lt is in the interest ot the Roman government , as well as in that of the imperial court , and of the population of Ferrara itself , that the military service of this town should he observed with order and regularity . The danger to which the promoters of the disturbance have exposed Capt . _Jankowich , and from wbich he was relieved by the sole possibility of his having been able to find a patrol to protect him , is a proof that the service of patrols , prescribed by military rules , is necessary for the maintainance of publio order . The Emperor , nnable to consider

      the protestation made by the CardinalLegate , at Ferrara founded on a right—finding , on the contrary , in the manifestations which have recently taken place at Ferrara still greater motives for the strict observance of the rules of prudence it is the duty of the garrison to observe in its interest , as well as in that of the _inhabitants—reqoests _' the undersigned to inform his Eminence the Cardinal Secretary of State , that the Marshal Count Badetskl , commander-general of the troops of H . I . and R . M . in the kingdom of Lombard ? , has received orders to maintain tbe garrison of Ferrara in the rights which appertain to it , and the execution of which ig , moreover , become militarily indispensable to its safety , ifthe imperial court , which wonld desire to keep np with the court of Borne that friendly intercourse so necessary to tha _prosperity of the two states , . deplores the ground of this question , the Cabinet of Vienna , cannot on the other hand , but regret the unusual form in

      India And China. The News From India By ...

      which his Eminence tbe Cardinal Legate has drawn up his protestation . It ig not before , a notary that tiie affairs of governments ' can be treated . in a dignified and careful manner ; The cabinet of Vienna must , thwi , guard against the adoption of such a form . Relative to the communickttori sent to ' _tbe diplomatic tody at the Holy See theundersi gned is requested to make known to his-Eminence " , the Cardinal Secretary of State , that , 1 _*> e places the cabinet of Vienna nnder tbe necessity of _csmmunfcating to such cabinets as it may concern the act of protestation _adressed to * lt , arid the answer made to this said protestation . The undersigned , dVc . ' ( Signed ) _Loizew .

      _BtMoitA , Sim . 17—Some excitement has prevailed amongst the population of our city for the laat few days , caused by the return of the deputation sent to attend the manifestation Fete de VUnion ' at Florence , the passageof Prince Canina , tb wbich has been added the discontent manifested by the friends of the Marquis Jambeocari and Tanari ( both com * promised in the affair of 1813 ) , neither of whom have been appointedofficers of tbe civic gnard . Popular meetings were held on tbe 14 th at the Caie del Teatro _Communale , now called Cafe del Union © . On the 15 th the assemblages were more numerous and more noisy . On the 16 th a fete was held at San Giovanni di Monte , in honour of Pius IX ., on which occasion Colonel Guidotti presented the national guard with the colours sent to the Bolognese by the Tuscans . The Prinne do Canina bas been ordered _toleave Venice by the Austrian _governmant , notwithstanding his election as president of oneof the

      sections of the scientific congress . On the evening ot ' the 18 th the excitement had reached its pitch , and MM . Gassetti Miogbetti , Pietromessara , and others , endeavoured but in rain to calm the people . It was found necessary to call ont the armed force and some arrests took place . The Cafe del Unione was ordered to be closed . The republic of Saint Marino has just felt the counter-stroke of the affairs of Italy . It is known tbat this little spot surrounded on all sides by the states of the church , has always preserved its inde pendency . It counts a population , of abount 7 , 000 souls , all agriculturists . Its government is composed of two captains ( regents ) , to whom is entrusted the executive power ; ofa secretary of state for home affairs , and of another for foreign affairs , and of a council of state . This last-named atiaembly has just been converted into a chamber of representatives _, named by all the inhabitants , and it has been declared that all deliberations in this assembly are henceforward to be public .

      The Joumaldes Debate confirms the account which we published in our last , of tbe flight of the Duke of Lucca from hia dominions after having installed a regency . It appears that the retirement of the Duke of Lucca from his principality , on the plea of illhealth , was an act ofthe basest treachery on the part of this prince . After his proclamation appointing a regency to carry out the same reforms in bis duchy as were in progress in Tuscany , ibis shameless prince withdrew to the neighbouringprincipality of ModeBa , from the shelter of which he sent another proclamation revoking all his former acts , perfidiously breaking his solemnly 3 worn pledges , and annulling thede crees for the institution of the national guard , the liberty of the press ! and ' other constitutional

      guarantees , which before be formally proclaimed . It was generally believed tbat tbe duke was instigated to this act of perfidy by Austrian agents . A Leghorn letter of the 17 th states that the law on the organisation ofthe civio guard had just , been promulgated in Tuscany . It did not come up to the wishes of the people , the government having notably modified the organic law of Pius 1 _X-, and taken too many precautions against the people . Thus , according to it , workmen , peasants , and labourers are excluded from active service , and confined to the reserve , without either arms or uniform . Of the officers , only the corporals would _benominated'bytheircemrades . ; This decree occasioned the most lively expressions of discontent jn Tuscany , so _miteh so , that a public protest against it was prepared and signed by thousands of persons . This remonstrance , however , was anticipated by the government , which was not slow to discover the false step it had taken , and tiie day after

      the publication ofthe first decree , another appeared modifying it and appointing a committee to decideon the regulations under which the officers of the national guard sbould be nominated . Other advices say that the . Grand Duke Leopold , revoking his former decisions , bad decided that not more than 200 muskets should be allowed for the civic guard of Leghorn , and that even these should be placed in the charge of an officer appointed by himself . A letterfrom Turin of the 17 th ult , ' . tates that ihe ' Liberal manifestations which bad taken place in several towns of Piedmont appeared to have caused a different _^ effect on the Sardinian government from that which was intended ; and , it is said , had strengthened the position of M . de la Marguerite _, whose retirement was announced some , days ago . The three chiefs of the movement of Genoa , M . Doria . M . Balbi , and M . Baggi , who bad been ordered to Turin , had been severely lectured , but will not be treated rigorously .

      Accounts from Naples of the 13 th ult ., state that the insurgents of Reggio , who had withdrawn to the mountains , had crossed the Apennines and fallen upon Gorace , a small town near tbe Ionian Sea . General Nunpiante , who wa 3 at Monnteleane with a detachment of troops and some artillery , bad advanced to attack the insurgents , and the result of the rencontre was eagerly expected . Sixty youths have been shot at Messina ! __ Letters from Naples of the 15 th ult ., say that the situation of Ithat capital remained the ' same . The

      attitude of tbe population excited serious apprehensions , on the part of the government . The insurrection had continued to be propagated through the Calabrias , in spite of all the efforts of repression used by the commanders sent against it , and the terrors ofthe most bloody system of executions . In case of any popular demonstration in Naples , the Austrians are to be called in , which declaration has incensed the Neapolitans beyond measure . Spies are about in every direction , dressed as priests , beggars , & t . No one dares to speak one word of politics , yet all the youth of the city are known to be ready to fly to

      arms . A pamphlet appeared some days since , entitled 'Storiadi Santa Maria della Grazia , ' and was sold throughout the city . It contained a history of the present King Ferdinand II . and his mother , tbe Dowager Queen . The scandalous life of the latter was fully narrated . The author , throws doubt on the legitimacy of the reigning monarch . His priestly education is cmdemned . That his mind was completely moulded by the church . there can be little doubt , forup to this day he is the tool of Monseigneur Cocolo , his confessor , through whom the royal ear maybe gained—by paying . Ton may imagine how soon this publication was suppressed ; and bow six ducats are paid for a copy .

      MOROCCO . Accounts have been received from theeastern frontiers of Morocco , which , although not as precise and certain as could be desired , are more consistent than the vague reports hitherto brought from the theatre of the operations of Abd-el-Kader . It will be remembered that in ihe course of last mouth , two tribes , theBen Amersand the Hachems , consisting of abont 1 , 500 persons of both sexes with their children , who bad been settled within the French colony , emigrated at the instance of Abd-el-Kader , and crossing the frontiers of Morocco , settled down at a plaee not far from the the city of Taza . Here they were assured ofthe support of the forces of Abd-el-Kader , in the event of their being attacked by those of the

      Emperor Abderrahman . It seems , however , that from misgivings ofthe promised protection of the Emir , and from apprehension of an attack from the imperial forces , this unfortunate population decided , on the 15 th August , to retrace their _stepseastward towards the frontier . They continued their march for three days unmolested , but when they had neatly reached the frontier of the district of the Kabyles , they were attacked by the troops ofthe Emperor , commanded by his son , aud massacred witb all tbe circumstances of savage cruelty so common in these nations . They offered for three days and three nights a desperate resistance . At length the few survivors , sinking under hunger , thirst , and

      fatigue , laid down their arms . The men were instantly slaughtered without resistance , the children were flung down the precipicesand thrown inlothe ravines , and the women were distributed as booty among the conquerors . Abd-el-Kader , being informed ef their danger , was on his march to their protection and defence , when he was met by the tidings of tbeir destruction . The Emir is reported to have been profoundly affected by this event . Notwithstanding this circumstance there _isas yet no indication of any intention on the part of Abd-el-Kader to discontinue bis movement against Morocco . On tbe contrary , be ia still established in the district ofthe Kabyles , with every present sign of unaltered purpose .

      UNITED STATES AND MEXICO . SANGUINARY BATTLES . The Caledonia , Capt . Lott , arrived at Liverpool at eleven o ' clock on Tuesday ni _^ ht _, after a rapid passage of 12 daya from Boston . ' The news is important ; two great battles had been fought within Eight ofthe capital of Mexico , and in both General Scott had proved victorious . The loss oh both sides was severe ; the Americans lost 1 , 000 men , among them five colonels , three majors , twentytwo captains , _fifty-onelieutenants , and one adjutant . The Mexican loss is set down at 5 , 000 men , and among the killed and wounded were thirteen generals . At the request of the British embassy , an armistice was agreed to , aud commissioners were negotiating a peace . . . The following is the ' official' account of the affair : —

      ' Washinoios , Sept 14 . —Despatches inr ' ... _snvernment have this moment been received 1 " - < n telligence heretofore received is fully _conii ' ¦ , ! _^ n 20 ih Aug . the American forces , _consislitij ; « _- _< i - <'' " thousand men , met the enemy at _Charbuses , three or four miles from the capital . The Mexicans were thirty-two thousand strong , and posted behind an immense battery of heavy artillery . After two hours bloody conflict eur gallant troops swept eventhing before them at the point oi the bayonet . The

      India And China. The News From India By ...

      Anierican loss was less tban a thousand , while that ofthe Mexicans is estimated at five thousand , and amongst the killed are _msnydistinguished men , both generals and civilians . The armistice was ' agreed upon , and fire commissioners appointed on the Mexican _side _^ at the head of whom was Herrara . Tbe _Mmm-ssioners had two meetings , and were to hold a third Jon the 30 th . Valencia escaped with two companies to FaJluca , and has since pronounced against _Jsanta Anna and peace ' It seems that General Scott left Puebla on the 7 th ? f _rtF'foy- _'l a ? vanced on the capital of Mexico . On the 14 th of August , a _reoonnoissanoe made by Colonel Duncan , having satisfied General Scott that a road for artillery rpuld be cut from _Cbaloo to San _Augusfm , General Worth ' s division moved in that _FlS ° ! _$ - . 15 tb' _Mowed _*> y Generals Quitman ,

      On the 16 th _general Worth marched as far as the Hacienda of San Gregorio . On the 17 th General Worth resumed bis march over a terribl y bad road , but by eight o clock in the morning he was in eight ' of the domes ana spires of the capital , Without Opposition , _except that rooks had been rolled on tho road , and ditches dug , evidently showing that General Seott bad stolen a march-on Santa Anna . On reaching this point , however a scattering fire was opened on the head of his column by the enemy . At seven o ' clock on the 18 tb , GeneralScott arrived at San Augustine . At ten o ' clock General Worth was in full march for the City of Mexico by the main road . Colonel Garland ' s brigade waB tben orderedto occupy a position on the plain , in sight of tbe enemy s batteries at San Augustine , whilst Colonel Stark ' s brigade and Duncan ' s battery _toek their _staiion in thenar close by . A . party was then sent out fo re . connoltre . This party had a skirmish with tbe enemy five six

      killing er , and taking as many prisoners , without losing a man . Whilst this _reconnolssanoe was going en General Worth had established himself at tba Hacienda of 3 unera , from the windows of which countless numbers of the enemy could be seen at work upon the batteries at San Antonio . About noon they opened upon tne Hacienda with both round _sbet and shell . Nearly every shot took effect , but did no damage except to the buildings . Late in tbo evening tbey were again opened , but were silent during the night . Had tbe fire boen kept _, up , the Hacienda migbt have been torn fo pieces , and the entire command compelled . to . retire . At eight o ' clock on the morning ofthe 19 th , the battalion again opened on General Worth ' s position . So hot was the fire , tbat the troeps were compelled to gain shelter be . bind the buildings , but did not give up their position . About nine o ' clock tbe _divisions of Generals Twiggs and Pillow were ordered to inarch in the direction of

      Cronttra , and by one in the afternoon , when in plain sight of the enemy ' s batteries , and within range of the heavier guns , tbe brigade of Col . P . W . Smith was ordered to advance towards tbe ememy ' s works , whilst tbat of Colonel Riley moved towards a small village to tbe right , and thus cut off reinforcements whicb might be sent to Valencia from , tho city . An incessant fire was opened on Col . Smith ' s command , and soon tbe rifles were engaged witb tbe picket of the enemy , driving them in . The twelve-pounder batteries of Captain Marauder and the mountain howitzer batteries , now commanded by Lieut . Callender , of tbe Ordnance Department , were pressed forward , and opened on the enemy , but were so much exposed to fire from heavier guns , tbat tbey were soon silenced . Lieutenants

      Johnson and Callender were seriously wounded . About four o'clock General Scott arrived , and _seeing tbe immense strength of tbe Mexicans ' at once ordered Geu . Shield ' s brigade to support Riley and Cadwalader , and prevent , if possible , a junction of _' _tha forces coming out from the city with with those of Valencia . Until night had fairly closed in tbe firing from the enemy ' s batteries bad not stopped _, ft bad been a continuous roar fer nearly six hours . General Scatt retired to San Augustin about eight o ' clock , la tbe midst of a bard rain , and Generals Twigg and Pillow , came in about eleven o ' clock , completely exhausted , not anticipating the great strength of the works of the enemy . It was thought that the batte vies could be taken at a dash , and tbat the troops would be comfortably quartered at San Angel for tbe night . Instead

      ofthis , a large portion of thera were compelled to bivouac without blankets , in tbe midst ofa pitiless storm . On tbe 20 th Worth was ordered to move witb a part of bis division ; Garland ' s brigade , to aid in the attack oh Valencia , as to force this position , was deemed indispensable . At seven o ' alock , a few discharges of cannon were heard , a rattling of musketry , and some even said , tbat in the distance horses ofthe enemy could be seen flying towards the city , yet few deemed tbatthe batteries had been stormed and earned yet . It was so . General Scott himself accompanied General Worth , and started forthe scene of action , when they were met by Captain Mason with the joyful intelligence tbat Valencia had been completely routed , after a terrible struggle . The attack upon his works was planned by General Smith .

      and resulted in the capture of fifteen pieces of artillery , and some 1 , 500 prisoners , among tbem Generals Blanco , Garcia , _Mendosa , and the notorious _Salas . He also captured all the ammunition and camp equipage , whilst the road over wbicb those who escaped fled was strewed with muskets . No less tban seven hundred of tie enemy , among tbem many officers , were left dead on the field , whilst the number of wounded was far greater . Gea . Scott at one ordered Gen . Worth to fall backto San Antonio , to turn and capture that work , and then push on towards the capital by tbe main road , whilst tbe main body of the army moved on towards San Angel and Cohoycan . General Twiggs bad scarcely moved half a mile be ) ond tbe latter village , when a rattling fire of musketry announced that it was actively engaged witb the outposts of the enemy , and the heavy booming of canuon now gave token that the noted second division

      bad fallen on another strong work ; a few minutes more , and tremendous firing from the right made it evident tbat General Worth's division was _uctively engaged . He had completely turned the strong works of Santonio , but while doing so the enemy bad abandoned the place with the | loss of three heavy guns , and had fallen back on a second stronger line of works . It was now one o ' clock in tbe afternoon , and about the commencement of the battle , and suoh a rattling of fire-arms _haa seldom or erer been beard on tbe continent of America , accompanied with such booming of artillery , and this was continued over two hours , wben the enemy was completely routed from every point , and until those who were not killed or taken prisoners were in full flight for the . city . Thirteen Mexican Generals were killed and wounded . More ammunition was captured than General Scott has _usedsiuee he has been iu the country .

      During the month of _Augusta formidable native insurrection broke out in Tepic and other towns , having for its object the destruction ofthe Spanish or white population . In T < pic , Merida , and Campeachy , the Indians slaughtered hundreds ofthe white males , sparing the women for a fate worse than death . This conspiracy originated with the Peons , a labouring class , aborigines of the country . The French and American naval commanders in the Gulf of Mexico had dispatched vessels of war—the former one and the latter two—to succour the fugitives that had escaped into the ports of Campeachy and Sisal . The yellow fever had been making terrible havoc at New Orleans .

      Tub Gamb Law In Fbakce.—Two Sportsmen, O...

      Tub Gamb Law in Fbakce . —Two sportsmen , one of them furnished with a license and ' the other not , were last week out with their guns , near Lyons , when a _garde-de-chasse was seen at a little distance coming towards them . , The unlicensed man became alarmed , and was about to fly , when his companion prevailed on him to stand his ground , engaging to bring him harmless out of . the scrape . When the garde came within a certain distance , he with the permit set off at the top of hiB speed , over hedge , over ditch , in true _steeple-chate style , leaving his friend immovable with' astonishment . The garde at once

      concluded tbat the fugitive had good reasonfor his flight , and followed him till , at a considerable distance , the flying sportsman stopped and allowed him to come up . As soon as the garde had recovered breath enough to apeak , he demanded the other ' s license . This was produced , examined , and found tobe perfectly regular . Disappointed and vexed , the garde , in no very good humour , asked the bearer of it why he had fled so fast . The answer was , 'Only to stretch my legs ! ' To this thero was no reply . In tbe meantime the unlicensed gentleman turned in the opposite direction , and reached home unmolested .

      Dbatii from Impure Air . — -Before Mr Baker , jun ., at the Grasshopper public-house , Charles-street , Mile-end , on view of the body of Rosiha Ellis , aged three years , an inmate of Christchurch Workhouse . Mr Byles , surgeon , stated tbat , by the direction oi the clerk of the board of guardians of Whitechapel union , he had called the present inquiry , in consequence of a dangerous nuisance existing near the workhouse , by which several persons have died from the effects ef an obnoxious effluvium , which is allowed toprevail in the neighbourhood . The deceased was attacked with diarrheea during the last fortnight , gradually sunk , and expired on Saturday last . Witness attributed her death to an impure atmosphere arising from nuisances in the neighbourhood ,

      particularly the manufacture of manure from nightsoil and _bullooks * blood . The process is carried on by allowing the substances used to dry by the sun and wind , instead of being baked , or evaporated by steam , as formerly . The windows of the workhouse have been dosed to prevent tbe smell affecting the children . Several children bave died during the past week from the same cause , and the mortality for the last quarter has exceeded five-fold tbat of any corresponding periods for the last several years . The jury expressed their surprise that such a nuisance should be allowed to exist , and said they _oonld scarcely live in their houses from the offensive smell . They returned a verdict in accordance with the medical testimony .

      Since the death of Marshal Oudinot , Duke de Rieeio , there are only two surviving out of the _twentysix marshals of the French empire created by Napoleon . These are Marshal Soult , Duke de Dalmatie , who was promoted to the rank of marshal at the camp of Boulogne , in 1804 ; and Marshal Marmont , Duke de _Raguse , who was nominated u 1809 , but deprived ofhis rank in 1830 , lor having refused to take the oaths of allegiance : tothe _ _inevdynasj . The late Marshal Oudinot , Duke de Reggio , had re * _cewed fortv-four wounds in different actional

      Lowbands. It Was On The . Evening Of Sun...

      LOWBANDS . It was on the . evening of Sunday , the day proceeding the meeting of the late Conference , that I and some twenty others left the old city . of Gloucester , travelling by omnibus to the estate of Lowbands . Tbe evening was tbe finest imaginable ; the scene all that was really English . The tall _peplars wared their beads along the tedded _gresn . The _inseett seemed to enjoy tbe holiday of their brief existence ! as tbey danced suspended between earth , and heaven . The noble horses stood with their heads stretched across the road stiles , and the gentle cow —tha cotter's last friend—gnawed the grass with a _sweetnessof sound that indicated the fulness of animal enjoyment . Have you ever in your evening walks listened to . the sweet sound of cows , horses , and sheep

      eating the grass midst the falling dew ? If you have not , go and listen , and your reward will be immediate . Befleet but for a moment , and you will admire the practical thought of _MoseB , tbe Egyptian historian , who , as he strayed among tbe flocks and herds of the mild and holy East , conceived the adoring thought of harmony , and wrote of the time wben tigers were docile as tbe housedog , and HonB mild aa the Arab steed , living but to love and serve , This was a night when earth smiled , as if fresh from the . impression of things divine , and music ; the soother of all sorrow and the enchantress of all gladness , poured forth her volume of sweet _swincta from an orchestra untrod by mortal foot . The toil-worn cotters rested at their doors—even man , the toiler , looked os if his face reflected an indescribable serenity , and seemed

      at truce witb all tbe animal creation . The instinctive I link that bindB man to tbe brute creation is the finest in nature ' , and he who destroys ic has a soul dead to love . Point out to me the man wbo ruthlessly kicks the dog , or beats the 'horse , and there stands the coward who fears danger because he knows no love—there lives the brute wbo forsakes his wife , and whines and moans in misfortune . He has no heart , but neglects the prattling lovely child , arid dies unlamented . He is an _uncivillser of man —even no savage in nature , but a lump of cold clay . There are times when the soul is filled with beauty , drunk with the sweetness of landscape—and landscape is ever delightftil—the shifting of clouds , the cluing * of crops are never tRding causes of pleasure , and the glorious landscape is not yours or mine , it is ours . It may be ' your field , ' ' my _hous » , ' ' your neighbour ' - woodland ; ' but the beautiful river , as it steals gently along under the rocky _outsboots , and the clear sun beams gHu

      teringly among its ripples , as if to laugh at man ' s puny lighted chandeliers—is not yours , but ours . The landscape is tbe common property of man , owned by no parchment _scinll , owing ne mortgage , 'cursed by no game law , encompassed by no' trespass act , no board upon a tree saying , ' Whoever looks sball be prosecuted , ' r . o fence between man and the sun ; tbe king may own but the beggar may look—ay , and rags cover _Bensations crowns cannot honour—tbe landscape destroys rank and office . When I look oneartb and air , I owe antique rank no allegiance , but feel that man is more than a God in ruins . Baek _, then , jou chartered pickers and stealers of land—you parchment . privileged possessors , and own that when you look from your window of stained glass , that _yfu own no morp—it may be own les _* - —than I wbo am perched on a dunghill . _UBdcr such _circumstam-es did I reach the lnoked-for haven , and with my mind filled with such tbougbtB I retired to sleep on the estate of Lowbands .

      Having slept soundly , I roBe at an early hour , purposely to examine the land and the cottages—and really the cottages are very superior indeed—the most convenient and neat little bouses I ever put my foot inpossessing every convenience for comfort—and true comfort is really luxury . The kitchen ranges are _superii r to those of O'Connorville ; and the entire structure of each building is a model of good taBte and convenience - , and what on earth is so comfortable as a neat little house . The empty sound of large rooms , badly furnished , makes nature recoil from the very ' action ofber senses—and you seem to smell horror , as a putrid carcase ; there is something dismal in the look of huge piles nf stoue _. _possessing no affinity to enjoyment . They are like the frame of the unfortunate idiot , mere existences , unlighted and dead to intellect . I have often wondered at the | extrerae desire shown by some women of the working _clas-es , and men also ( for , after all , Darby is generally quite as ambitious as Joan , and men are not less

      ridiculous ) , in their manifestations fer large roomy houses tban is sister women—but yet a little reflection puts all right . The weak man speaks ofthe weights be can carry ; the trembling timid invalid of tbe giants he kills ; the starved beggar , ofhis rich relations ; and the poorest peasant struts majestic as . a king , and in his _haughty _self-esteem ' ca _lis himself Jupiter , whilst he looks ridiculous- as would Hamlet , Prince of Denmark , if _dreasea in harlequin properties , or tha sly old roguish fairy . Pack , accoutred like a field marshal , and riding through Hyde Park _co-offlcerlng with Prince Albert at a grand review . Men and women in some cases , who have lived secludid in bovels and cellars , scarcely knowing the colour of clean glass , and certainly not the sweets of fresh air , think that cottages in the country should look as externally superb as the huge domestic barrack tenements iu the well-to-do districts of London , Glasgow , or Edinburgh ; forgetful of the fact , that Ufty rooms are neces * sary to secure air to breathe iu in crowded towns .

      Now , the charm of theso little cottages is this , tbey have all that is needed for domestic family associations , while their position secures to the inmates fresh air in a healthful abundance , and their internal construction secure heat , wben required , the very elixir of life . I remember once sitting down by the fireside of Mr Petit ' s cottage , and conning over averse of aa eld song , unknown to me for years—but the circumstances awakened the thought , and I murmured , as if by instinct— ' A little bouse well _fill'd ,

      A little farm well till'd _, A little wife well will'd , Give thou me . ' and if Mr Petit will excuse my familiarity , I venture to say he possessed in reality all that the genuine old song implied ; and these cottages , with all that is connected with tbem , are just fitted to secure for the really industrious man such pleasures—with a security against want and the fear of want—by habits of frugality he will ever have plenty , aud , as the gentle shepherd has so well said , —

      ' Wbo bas enough may soundly sleep , Tbe o ercome only fashes folk to keep . ' The land , also , is of a superior kiud , and fitted to grow any produce the climate of England will nourish ; and is so excellently sheltered that , if ever John Shaw had undertaken the selection of a choice warm corner for a churchyard , and seen Lowbands in the midst of disadvantages , he would have fixed on icat ffrst _sfght , and never withdrawn from bis firstlove ; and water is so plentiful , tbat every house has its own well , and an excellent pump to secure an easy and plentiful use of it . Good water is tbe most inestimable of blessings . Clear in the tumbler , it is a cheap and rich beverage , and in domestic

      and culinary operations , is almost a security against the doctor ' s bill , and adds a charm to a house that the distilled filth of rivers and common sewers cannot equal . Give me water from tbe rock , bubling from its spring . The very appearance of it suggests bounteous innocence , and reminds ono of the rare enjoyments of meeting a friend , grown to the strength of manhood , and still re . tabling , spite of all the twinings and twistings of tortured cunning , the native dignity of bis character , and as he clasps your hand , his heart seems to ovetfiowiutheverj exuberance of joy and friendship—a well of ) kindness , that gives tbe more freely just as you renew tbe draught .

      The estate is situated within four miles of the river Severn , which branches off into tbe Birmingham canal , and when iu Gloucester I ascertained that the greater part of the potatoes , grown in the vicinity ofthe oity , aro bought by dealers and sent to Birmingham , wbich is one Of the best markets far agricultural produce in England . Now , if it be profitable for dealers to buy potatoes , aad send them to Birmingham , our Lowbands friends may find it to their , advantage to got a long boat to convey tbeir produce to gun-making Birmingham ; bringing coals to warm them , manure to enrich their land , and I

      groceries from the cheapest market . The allottees of all estates must remember that it was associated labour that bought thtir land , built their bouses—and the principle of co-operation must be practised by them when necesgjivy—although , essentially individual in tboir domestic arrangements , the co-operation must support tbe _individuallty of comfort and character ; and it is a feature in Mr O'Connor ' s scheme , that it springs from , and admits of all tbe benefits of centralisation for good , and neutralises centralisation for evil . It is a wise chief magistrate cultivating the buddings of all tbat is virtuous , and guarding against all tbat is vicious .

      On the first day . I strayed across Lowbands , ta the morning tbe weatber looked doubtful , there seemed to be a dispute between Sol and the clouds , but tbe latter prevailed , and from above showered torrents of rain , The day waa a dreadfal one , and the crowd of visitors immense , but there was no murmuring , a patient resignation to fate seemed to prevail , and some of tbe women were perfeotly heroic , pacing from cottage to cottage , saying heartily , ' Tbis is seeing both sides of it , but bow it will make the cabbages grow aud it is just what is needed for the turnips . ' A few . _days rolled away , the weather got fine and a scene more cheering you could not imagine . Everybody at work . - . One fine old fellow , I marked him in particular , a specimen of what England ' s sons once were , wben broad bottomed chairs aud oaken tables wero tbe order of the day . Tho look of

      him would have done old Cobbett ' s heart good as be snubbed the twigs and planted his hedgo _, bis whole appearance indicating a love of bacon and hearty English cheer , whether be knowB and loves ;• arsons as h « seems to do pigs I know not . But I conld like some of the moustache ' gents , ' who , ringed and gloved , sneer at labour , te bave seen bim as he lifted his white bat off bis head and wiped the sweat from his open manl y brow , whilst at tbe _othir corner might be seen bis two sonB at work ia tbe same field , and the old dame washing the door . stead with tbe cleanliness tbat always distinguishes tbe _industrious labourer ' s Wife ; I said then that fortune will thrive and time will prove with their family , luck always U _oesnate witb industry and prudence , and to be unlucky where there is a fair field for the exercise of your labour , argues but little in favour of all tbat Is requisite for success in our undertakings .

      One more scene and I have done . It was twilight just as I retired from viewing tbe Malvern Hills , that glorious range of mountains tbat tower upwards as If to frown , and look down with broad summits as if to teach man the working and building of ages . The geologist looks upon them to trace tbe age of tho earth in the Cjcles of time ond imprint facta and revolutions in ibe

      Lowbands. It Was On The . Evening Of Sun...

      world of matter with the certainty and exactness of science . Mountains ever teach great thoughts ; children learu from them the ideas of greatness ; poets see in them . oceaBsof : tboughtj . mathematicians weigh _' their siza and distance , and from tbem direct geometry and teach geography ; the very language of people who live among mountains is different from the city htrd of citizens ; it is the language of strength and analogy , and bears a relation to objects with the vividness of _Impres . _sion of objects grand and imposing in aspect and great by contrast . There is a broad grandeur in the huge mountain that constrains you to admire nnd feel the dig . nity and beauty of nature , but It is all subservient to man it finds wifbin bim a representation , a living

      thought , but eminently simple because of its truth to fact , sublimity to feeling . Man ' s mind is not the microcosm but the microcosm of all nature , on it he buil " i art and with it he breathes inspirations . 1 retired to a cottage bard by ; my hostess and host were seated at the door gaz ng on their allotment , and locking the index of that quietness of mind , the result of a happy tempi rament aud pleasant _a-Bociation— -when a friend entered , a descendant of a noble family whosenaro «» sre wriu ten in the margin of history , a fine brawny frame , a _fai e of rural colour , and lifting a while hat off a head not j et too old lo think for another fifty years , be took b t charmed pinch of snuff with the familiarity ofa father _. The good woman handed down a tasteful box saying , My father used to take this to the Indies : ' there is

      something fine in this love . of relic , this devotion to remembrance it belongs to our peasantry , and freedom will flourish where it is nourished—sneer at it , if jou please , but it betokens gratitude , devotim . remembrance , aud love , and these are virtues . Swiit who is always shrewd , somewhere says , ' He who calls a man _ungratefel sums up all tbe ills he can be guilty of . ' It is tbe love of high aspirations that engenders feeling and noble thought . I bave a friend in London over whose mantlepiece hongs a twig of Highland Mary ' s thorn , and jet never did his knee bow to king or priest , but the bare recollection of the unfortunate love of a Scottish poet

      wins from him a holy devotion ; such a veneration constitutes a heroism that your men of mere trothy meutal fermentation never knew . The friend lately introduced seemed to feel a respect for the favoured snuffbox , and as I looked at him , and thought of his history and character , his energy and simplicitr , looked and observed before me houses erected hy his direction , and fields probably measured by his hand , my soul whispered , with tbat inward conscieu « _ness tbat never errs , that security that is erer correct , 'Great sir ! thy name is not written but ploughed iu the _histery of jour country . ' A Leaf ekom the Annais or a _SnoiMAKsas Garret . _Aberdeen , Sept , 14 tb .

      Engagement With Pirates. Intelligence Fr...

      ENGAGEMENT WITH PIRATES . Intelligence from Labuan and Borneo to the 10 th of June , lias been received : — At the end of May the Nemesis steamer , having on board Mr Brooke , Captain Grey , of H . M . S . Columbine , and Lieutenant Gordon , of II . M . S . BoynJist , proceeded to Bruni to oMa ' td tho ratificatien of the treaty with tbe Sultan . On tbe 28 th of May the Sultan ratified tbe treaty , which Mr Brooke was to convey with him tn England by tho steamer which left Singapore on the ( ith of August . It was on the Btcamer ' s return from Bruui to Labuan tbat she encountered the Bal _« n ni pirates . Early on the rooming of tlio 30 th May , tbe Nemesis , with Mr Brooke and Captain Grey aboard , and having in tow a cutter of H . M . S Columbine , left tbc town of

      Brum , to cross over to the new British port of Labuan . Information was received on the way down the river that some fishermen bad been chased at daylight , and on rounding the point of the island of Moarra , the look-out of tbe Nemesisdescried a fleet of Balanini orSulo pirates in full chase of a trading prahu in tho offing . Immediately the steamer appeared , the pirates quitting the chase , pulled in shore to the westward , and ' at tbesame time , cut away the small boats thsy had in tow , whilst the steamer , pursuing at full power , lost much ground by having to round the extensive shoal which _Btretcl'cs from Moarra P _« int ( Cjong Sapo ) to the islet of Pilong Pilongan , The Balanini were first descried at 9 30 a . m ., and about mid-day , finding the steamer gaining upon them , came to anchor _.

      At 1 p . m . tlie pirate fleet was plainly made out from tVie _Neine-. _is ; eleven large prahus , anchored in line at a distance cf about ten yards one from another , along a sandy beaeb _, with tbeir heads to sea , their sums ( fast by stern warps ashore ) in the 6 urf , and with a hawser passed along from boat to boat . Tba bows of the prahus were protected by _ampilans firmed of _mnsket-proof planks ; they appeared well-armed , crowded with men , and in this formidable position awaited the approach of the Steamer . At 1 30 the pirates opened fire on the steamer , and the action commenced in earnest at a distance of about two hundred yards , the steamer being ia tivo fathoms of water , and rolling heavily in a ground swell .

      For two hours a heavy fire was kept up from tbe Nemesis , and tbe fire from the pirates being nearly silenced , and their prahus evidently greatly damaged , Captain Grey , with three cutters , ( one belonging to H M . S . Columbine , and two te tbe H . C . steamer Nemesis , ) re * solved to make a dash at the left of tbe pirates' position , whilst tbe steamer poured in grape and cannister upon tbe centre and right , to prevent tbeir _rendering aid to their comrades . On tbe advance of cur three small boatB , tbe pirates , casting loose the hawser which attached tbeir prahus together , pulled away to tbe eastward in a crippled stale , leaving two prahus in posses * sion of our boats , and numbers of men on the beach or jungle . Tte Nemesis pursued to tbe eastward , and ono after another drove six of the flying enemy ashore , all of which were for the time abandoned by their crews , but could not be taken possession of owing to the small number of our boats in the action ,

      In the meantime whilst Captain Gray was _securing the two prizes already mentioned to the westward , trad tha Nemesis in full pursuit of the three last prahus lo the eastward , five out of the six deserted boats were re * manned , and , with a resolution , praiseworthy in a better cause , bore down to tho attack of eur threccuttfrs . Cap « tain _Wailage , commander ofthe Nemesis , perceiving this manoeuvre , ansious for our overmatched boats , and convinced that these prahus must at all events escape to tha westward , returned in tbat direction , while tho -ixth deserted prahu being re-manned , and favoured by a breeze * crowded all sail to the eastward after her threa censorts _, and thus the four escaped . The five pirate prahus sow adraacing boldly towards our three cutters perceiving the retrograde movement of the Nemesis , made every effort to escape to the westward , and a severe

      action took place between the _sternmost prahu and the boats , the enemy difendinghimself with We utmost re * solution , - and inflicting a severe loss on our party . Whilst Captain Grey was engaged in the capture of this large prabu , the Nemesis pursued the four to the westward , two of which were captured , whilst the remaining two escaped in thc darkness In a completely shattered state , after having been several times deserted and as often re-manned . Thus concluded tbis successful notion with a pirate force consisting of eleven prahustwo of the largest size , four somewhat smaller , with crews of fully fifty men each , and five witb a complement of from tbirty . five to forty hands . Tbe force of tbe pirates at a moderate computation must be reckoned at 500 men , exclusive cf captives , and these , on the testimony of somo rescued Chinese , were above a hundred

      persons . It is difficult to farm a correct estimate of the Killed and wounded on the enemy's part ; but , as forty to fifty men were dead on the beach—ten men killed found ia the captured prahus , and the like number in the prahus whicb escaped , besides those which may bave died in tho jungle , we may reckon the killed at 80 or 100 men , and the wounded at double that number . Tbe loss on the British side was one man killed , and seven wounded— * two mortally and most severely . Ten brass _gur-8 , varying iu size from nine pounders to Lelas , aud five iron guns , ( three to six pounders ) were captured .

      Five prahus were taken , and tbe escape ofthe rest is to be attributed to thc small number of eur boats , as at one time eight prahus were lying on tho bench abandoned by their crews , and had our boats been sufficient to secure them the other three would have been overtaken by the Nemesis .

      Datttfond Jtistick.—To Enable Acts Of Pa...

      DAttTFonD JtiSTiCK . —To enable acts of parliamentobe what they were intended , public benefits , it behoves that public to exercise prompt and vigorous supervision in their administration . Will it be believed that in a trial by jury at this age of _intellect and improvement , five men , ' respectable men . ' could be found , so utterly lo 3 t to a sense of propriety —to say the least © fit— as to resort to the discreditable mode of tossing a halfpenny , to settle an issue to a right conclusion of which , on the merits of the case , they , were either too lazy or too incompetent to arrive ? Yet such a shameless _pervetsion of justice actually took place in the county court of this town a few days since . . A baker was the originator ofthissummary method of ' Dartford justice , ' and had the unblushing effrontery _. asforeman of the five , to deliver the sentence as a _true-voi diet .

      Heroism _Rbwabdeo _uy tub Kisu op Norwat . — During the dreadful storm in November last year a Norwegian vessel , named the Elizabeth of Bergen , was totally wrecked off Gunwallne , near Penzance , the captain , M . Niels Wufi' Elerston , and his crew , being rescued by several men rushing into tbe sea , and securing n communication with the unfortunate vessel from the shore by means of a rope . A _^ few days since the persons who so nobly distinguished themselves , among whom were Mr Henry Cuttance oi Gunwalloe , and Mr Solomon Rowe of _Portlileaven , met Mr Pearce , the royal Swedish and _JNorwogtaa consul , by appointment , at the national _solioni-rooui at Helstone , who , in the name ef the king or Nor * way , presented thera with two silver cup a-mia purse of sovereigns , with a vote of thanks for their important _series . The cups bore an inscription , noble xertiois on the 20 th of November , 1846 .

      - _Abov labouring uuder a disease _presentinu extraordlmS vmptS , was lately admitted into Addon * _SSslStal _. at CambriuV , and the surgeons _wererS to " eterminc the nature ofhis complaint until they discovered that a common bean had been forcedI up the _atoal passage . This bean was e _* traeted , and was found to have vegetated since it hid been imbedded , acd to havo produced a sprout halt _^ There arethirty-six hamsters and four attorneys returned to the present parliament .

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), Oct. 2, 1847, page 7, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns3_02101847/page/7/