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* „ r> xt e-TAP October 6,1849. 2 TUP! N...
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^Foreign intelligence
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TRANCE. (From the *¦ Morning Chronicle. ...
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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* „ R> Xt E-Tap October 6,1849. 2 Tup! N...
* _„ r > xt _e-TAP October 6 , 1849 . 2 TUP ! NORTHERN STA _^ , _,
^Foreign Intelligence
_^ Foreign intelligence
Trance. (From The *¦ Morning Chronicle. ...
TRANCE . ( From the *¦ Morning Chronicle . ' \ Paws , Saturday . —For the last two day s rumours have been afloat here tbat arrangements have beeu made between the Fre , nCh _government and that ef the Pope , which will lead to the most important results as _legatd _* _-. tha settlement of the _Booiaa affairs . It was stated that it had been settled between the two governments , that the French army was to retire from Rome with tbe consent of hoth governments , and that that capital was to be -occupied by the Spanish army at the present moment in Italy . I am enabled to state that the _ramrar is perfectly correct , and that orders have _bsfea already despatched for the immediate return to tranee of the French army under tbe command cf "General Rostolan .
The French government . it appears , despair of obtaining any further concessions from his Holiness as long as Rome remains in their exclusive possession . The Pope has ail along declared tbat he will not return to his capital as long as it remains in the -possession of the French , and that he will enter into no terms with his subjects hefore entering , and that he is determined , if not able to return as a free and independant Sovereign , not to do so at all . To tbis * resolution , hacked as it is by the College of Cardinals , he continues to adhere , and the French government , therefore , has _nothing for it but to take advantage of the recent manifesto and amnesty issued by his Holiness , which , though , published freely and of his own accord , ihey aSect to consider a _coicession made to them . The army is therefore to he withdrawn , and it is announced tbat tbe
French government hopes , by diplomatic means , to obtain hereafter from ids Holiness a fuller and more complete amnesty than the one recently published . A Council of Ministers was held to-day , at which it was determined that immediately after the opening of the Assembly the government should demand a credit of thirty millions of francs towards the expenses of the Roman expedition . The * object of the EHnisters is to bring on a debate on the whole our * s tjon of tbe Italian expedition , with a view , if possible _, of obtaining a -vote of the Assembly favourable to the _raiaisterial policy .
It remains to be seen how his Holiness will get on with his subjects under the exclusive protection of the Spanish troops . The belief here is that the Spaniards will not be able to maintain tranquillity in Borne , and that we are on the eve of further troubles in that city . In that case , fresh intervention will be necessarv , and it is not at all impossible that the final settlement of the Roman affairs will ultimately _Revolve upon Austria . It is thought that the French army will _haro evacuated Italy within the next month , bnt it is -probable tbat tbe dispositions of the National Assembly will modify its movements .
The accused of the 13 th of June , who are to appear before the High Court of Justice , yesterday received copies ot the documents which are to figure in the proceedings ; bnt copies of the indictment cannot be communicated to them before to-morrow or Monday . The" Republique"' says : —' We have just been informed that onr friend Felix Pyat bas written to one of his correspondents at Paris , announcing his intention to surrender himself to appear on the lGlh of October before the High Court of Justice at Versailles . '
The ' Naiional' publishes a letter from Brest wbich states tbat tha war steasaer Archimedeis lying at anchor in the roads , fully _equipsd for sea . to convey to Madagascar the parties accused of having participated in tbe insurrectionary movement of June iast . Significant Facts . —The _Democratic Association in Paris had announced a grand concert to take place on Sunday at the Chalet in tbe Champs "Elysees , and a considerable number of tickets had heen distributed . The police authorities , however , Considered that such an assembly was dangerous to public tranquillity , and tbe concert has been forbidden .
A certain agitation bas been _preemptible for _snmc days back amongst the lowest ranks of the population . Applications are made to the working classes to ask for higher wages , though not with any success . Several new revolutionary journals are to anpear on ihe 1 st of _"th _^ ober : on that day , also , it is said that tbe secret societies are to meet in some of ihe faubourgs , and tbat an attempt is to be made to sound the woikmen as to their dispositions for disorder . AH this attempt will , however , prove a comp lete failure , as tbe authorities and General Ciiangarnier are on the alert . —Morning Chrordcle .
The ' _Tides' correspondent writes : — « A dramatic piece entitled ' Rome' bas been presented at the theatre of the Porte St . Martin . The piece _purports to be an epitome of ths events which have taken place in the _« Eternal Citv' antecedent to tbe foundation of the short-lived Republic , as the assassination of M . Rossi forms a leading incident of the pi-t . There is no doubt that the mischiefmakers of that tumultuous quarter of Paris profiled bythe circumstance to give expression to their retolutionary tendencies ; and the feeling was carried to such a poir . t that , whenever tbe assassin of the nnfortunrt- Minister of Pope Pius IX . made his appearance he was received with uproarious applause by a portion ofthe mob who crowded the _galleties . Many of the most respecteb ' e portion of the audience _, however , quilted tbe theatre , apparently in discast .
* But if tbe murderer was received with applause , the _French soldiers who appear in the piece were _invariably greeted with hisses aud hootings ; and in the latter part of the melc-drama the Chant du Depart and otber revolutionary airs , were got up , and chanted by a foil chorus in the gallery . Beyond , however , raakuu- much noise , no act of violence was committed- Ii is considered probable that ( he piece will be withdrawn from representation . " Letters from Agen state tbat the Council-General ofthe Lot and _Garanne , which bird heen _suramon _* -d to bold an extraordinary session , has been unable to transact any business in consequence of tbe Democratic members having wilfully absented themselves , and thus prevented a sufficient number of members from being ; present to _legalise tbeir proceedings .
A new democratic _j-nrnal is about to be published in Paris under the direction of M . Flocon . It will be called tbe ** Revolution of 1848 / _Geemak Refugees . —A letter from Enure , in tbe department of the Ain , states that several German _refugees have passed through that town on their road to Havre . Amongst _the-n was Colonel _Bleinker , -who commanded a numerous bedy cf insurgents in the Grand Duchy of Baden . He was accompanied by _Heiizen-iua agitator , and a single dragoon . These refugees travel at tbeir own expense , aad appear to be well _suppl ' _-ed witb money . We-find the following additional panicnlars conc erning the magnificent manifestation at the Theatre Of the Porte St Martin , in tbe 'Daily News' of "Wednesda * : —
The grand spectacleentitled 'Some' was first given on Saturday evening . His Holiness the Pope is the principal personage , ; and is first seen as a soldier , next as Bishop of Imola , afterwards as cardinal , and finally as Pope . The name of the piece was of course sufficentta attract crowds , andthe theatre was crammed to excess in every part , iramediaUy on the opening of the doors . Before the rising of the curtain the Houses in the gallery amused themselves by singing the ' Marseillaise , ' 'Mour ir pour la Patrie , ' and other patriotic airs . The first three acts passed off quit ly enough , both Houses and aristos loudly applauding , In the fourth act the Pope is -represented as making liberal concessions and grant .
ting a constitution to his people ; but instead of meeting wilh their gratitude , the people rise in revolt His Holiness goes amongthera , and says : « It is foreigners who have caused you to do this . ' At the word 'foreigners , ' an uproar ofthe most terrific description arose . Shouts , yell ? , hisses , " catcalls , stampng _, snatches of the ' Marseillaise , ' vrith cries _of'Tivela Repebbque Romaine , * ? Vive les Romains , ' blended in hideous confusion , and literally made the roof shake . The occapants of the boxes , and the orchestra valiantly made head against this demonstration by « heartily applauding , but the Houses dec _= d - A ' y bad tbe best of it . They occupied the entr ' acte bv shooting en masse , again and again ,
snatches of revolutionary songs , and especially the chorus , ' Le 3 peupfes sant _tcujoars nos freres . ' Tfce _n « tact introdaced the triumvirs , _asd represented the attack : on Rome by the French . One of the triumvirs , intended for Mazzini , harangued away in pompous melo-dramatic style on the daly of defending the Vatican against the French , of dying for liberty , and national _independence , & c . This drew down tbundg . -s of applause from tbe galleries ,, with disapprobation from the boxes and orchestra . The Houses singled out one gentleman inthe boxes , who ¦ was rather noisy in Lis demonstrations , strongly iasut-4 that be was M . de Falloux , and clamorously demanded tbat he should be put ' a hpoite . ' A _Toanin ' a ret l _/ _fage . with-his haij . gnd b _** ard . « r _t
Trance. (From The *¦ Morning Chronicle. ...
ranged to represent the portraits of Garibaldi } next appeared before tbe triumvirs . _^ He was received with a perfect hurricane ot delight by the galleries and pit , answered hy hisses aue catcalls from the other parts of the audience . The uproar continued for some time , and at length Mazsim and Garibaldi began to talk in a patriotic style , which gave rise to renewed plaudits , and marks of disapprobation , the former , however , greatly predominating . Tbe last _tdblau is the capture of Rome by the French . It was expected that the hangingof cannon , the tattling of drums , the sight of French troops at Rome , and the waving of the French flag from the Vatican would have soothed tbe gods , * but not to be
seduced from their sympathy with tbe Roman heroes , they made greater uproar than ever . Rarely has a more frightful tumult been heard in a theatre ; and seldom a ' row' sustained for so long a time . Finding it impossible < o proceed , the performers fell back and the curtain fell . The tun * ult now became if possible greater than before . The stage manager at last presented himself , and , after waiting for some time until silence was partially restored , said--* Gentlemen I' 'Noinoi' shouted the blouses ; 'SayCifcns ! Citizens ! ' andthe uproar appeared to increase in violence . The unfortunate manager waited some time in patient resignation , but
in -vain — the tumult continued . He then made some observations , but not a word could be heard . When be withdrew the blousei raised a fearful shout of , Vi' * e la Republique 1 ' arid 'Nous sommes freres _!* apparently well satisfied with their night ' s exploit , and then retired . In the course of the evening several of the more boisterous of the gods were dragued to the station-house by the police , and altogether the' row * was perfect of its kind—so perfect as entirely to usurp the interest that might otherwise have been bestowed upon the piece , which was entirely lost sight of by the belligerents on both sides .
On Monday the piece was again played , two of the scenes being left out , namely , that of the triumvirs and Garibaldi , and tbat of tbe assault by tbe French , but the democrats made as great a row as ever , and applauded a outrance all the passages in their sense wbich abound in the piece . It was amusing to hear ( he remarks of some of the conservatives among the _audience who talked of no less than the impeachment of M . Dufaure for daring to allow such apiece to be performed at all . Tbe press of course are divided into two camps on the point . Thb Abbe Lamennais . —The ' Reforme' announces as follows tbe appointment of M . de Lamennais as its chief editor . —
' Our mend _Rebeyiolles has been obliged lo exile himself in order to avoid the prosecution of the royalists whom he had so energetically combalted . He bas gone away , but in the foreign laud he will not be wanting to the 'Reforme , ' aad trill not cease to afford it his co-operation . We bave addressed ourselves to the most illustrious writer of democracy ; we have made an appeal to his devotedness _, to the sacred cause of which he is the glorious apostle . M . Limeti-nais bas understood what the people expected of him ; he has torn himself from repose ; with the zal wbich bas never shrunk before sacrifices , he has ceded to our solicitations , and we are happy to announce to our readers that from tbis day M . LameRnais has become principal editor of the ' Reforme ' . '
OPENING OF THE LEGISLATIVE ASSEMBLY . Paris , Monday . —There bas been no excitement whatever to-day at tbe meeting of the Chamber . here were very few more people about the house than usual ; although a few blouses were seen around and alon ? the quays , they were not allowed to loiter . The democrat members w ? re in full force on their benches , but the Chamber was by no means full , only 490 members heing present . As I informed you would be the case , the government immediately demanded the neceisiry credits / or the paym <* nt of the Roman expedition , and it is supposed that they will be voted by considerable majorities . The conviction is gaining that M . Dufaure will keep his _portfolio . After the memhers present had been called over by a scrafin de division , M . de _Tocqueiille ascended the tribune , and announced
his intention of proposing the _c-edits above mentioned . He said that the moment had not arrived when the French troop 3 _cauld be removed from Rome , but that " the present state of negotiations gave well-founded hopes that the occupation would not be _prolongtd . He begged to present a project of law for a credit of 140 , 0007 * . - for supplementary expenses arising out of the Roman _expedition . He asked further , that a committee be chosen lo which tbis project of law should be submitted . This was granted . The minister of war then presented a project to the same effect , demanding a credit oi 6 , 817 , 000 fr . ; and the minister of marine a project also to _tl-e same effect , demanding a credit of 1 . 945 _. OG 0 A _* _. The money thus _djmanded for the exp ° _nse _*** of the expedition amounts to some -6350 , 000 in addition t > £ 50 , 000 previously votrd . The projects of law were all submitted td the same
committee . The minister of finance then presented another project of the law , moving for the payment of tbe pension allowed in 1812 as dowry to the Duchess of Orleans . After some otber formalities of no interest at present , the Chamber adjourned before five o ' clock . Much anxiety exists in Paris tis to the conduct of Russia in the affair of the exfraditiun of the Hungarian refugees at _Widdin . This caused another fall at the Bourse to-dav .
SWITZERLAND . A letter from Geneva states that a duel has taken place near Lausanne , between Sergeant Boichot , lhe Socialist representative for Paris , and a Spanish officer of the Regiment of Isabella Segunda . It appears , that whilst on hoard a steamboat l _^ _t-we-en Nyon and Lausanne , Sergeant Boichot spoke in disrespectful terms of tbe young Queen of Spain and Donna Maria of Portugal . Count Moreno , of the above mentioned regiment , contradicted in strong terms what was sta'ed by _B-jichot . The latter repeated what he bad said , and added , ' I hnpc that the Spaniard * will some day prostrate themselves
before Lola Monies and choose her for Queen . The Count instantly demanded satisfaction for this language . A meeting W _2 S arranged for the same evening in the wood of Greni , on tbe brink of the lake . Thc Count was attended by an officer of Dragoons , and a colonel in the service of the King of Wurtemberg . _Servant Boichot had as seconds M . Felix Pyat aud Dr . _Peuin , of Montloul . They fought with pistols at a distance of twenty pace- * . No injury was done at the first shots . On the second fire the Count was severely wounded in the shoulder and neck , and at the same moment Sergeant Boichot received a ball between the ribs ' of tbe left side . Hc
was so severely wounded that it beca . Te necessary to carry him from the ground on a mattress .
ITALY . MANIFESTO OP THE POPE . POPE PIUS II . T _*> HIS WElLBELovrn SUBJECTS . _Scarcely had the valiant armies ofthe Catholic Powers , who with a true filial devotedness have cooperated in the re-establishment of our liberty and of our independence in the temporal government of the States ofthe Holy See , delivered you from that _, tyranny which oppressed you in a thousand ways , than we not only addressed hymns of gratitude f o the _Almighty , but weat the same time hastened to send to Rome a governmental commission in the person of three considerable prelates . They were charged to resume in our name the reins of civil government ,
and to advise on the measures which wire called for by circumstances for the interest ol order , security , and public tranquillity . We are occupied in estab _Ushing tbe bases of institutions calculated to secure to you , our well-beloved subjects , suitable liberties , and at the same time to secure our independence , which we are obliged to preserve intact in tbe face of the universe . This measure has for object to satisfy _thise who have merited our kindness and our esteem , and to undeceive those unfortunate , misguided men who had taken _advant * ge of our concessions to overthrow social order . ' 1 o _convince every one that we have onYy at heart your true and permanentprosperity , we have of our accord , and with the full knowledge and plentitude of curau'hority , decreed as follows : —
'Art 1 . _Jherei-i _instruted at Rome a _Council of State . It shall give _iis advice on bills before they are submitted to the sovereign sanction . It shall examine alUmpor tant questions in each branch of thc puldicadministration , on which it shall be consulted by us or by onr Ministers . A special law _slial * determine thc number and the quality of the _councilors , their duties , tbeir prerogatives , the rule of their discussions , and all that may be connected with tbe regular working of so important a concession . • Art . 2 . A State Consalta shall bc instituted for the finances . It shall give its opinion on the bud-ret
ofthe Mate ; it shall examine iulo the expenses ; it sha'l advise on the _establishment of new taxes ,-and oa the reduction of existing ones ; on the best mode of assessment , on the most advisable means to he adopted for the re-establishment of commerce , and on all which concerns the interests of the public treasury . Tbe members ofthe _Consulta shallbe chosen by us from lists presented by the provincial councils , Their nunber shall be proportioned to tbat of the provinces which number may be increased by a determinate addition of _persons which we ihaJl re-6 _« 75 to _* 05 th * right name . A special law shall
Trance. (From The *¦ Morning Chronicle. ...
determine the mode of presentation of the members ol the Consulta , their requisite qualifications , the mode of managing the affairs of the finances , and all which may effectually and promtly contribute to the reorganization of that important branch , of the ' Art 3 The institution of the provincial councils is confirmed . The councillors - -hall be chosen by us from lists presented by the communal councils . 1 he provincial councillors shall discuss the local interests of the province , the expenses to belaid to its charge , the accounts of receipts and expenses of the interior administration : that administration shall be directed
bv an administrative commission chosen by each provincial council , and for wliich it shall be responsible . Some of the members ofthe provincial council shall be chosen to form part of the council of the chief town of the province , to assist in the functions which fall on the municipalities . A special law shall determine the mode of presentation , the qualifications and the number of the councillors for each province , their duties , and the relations which are to exist between the provincial administrations and the great interests ofthe State , and tlie limit to which the latter is to extend . . . .
' Art . 4 . The representations and the municipal administrations will enjoy the most extensive franchises as far as regards the local interests of the communes . The election of the municipal councillors shall be based on a large number of electors , principally having regard to property . Those elected , besides such qualification which are intrinsically necessary must be in the payment of a certain amount of taxes wliich shall be determined by a law . The chiefs of communes shall be named by us , and their deputies hy the governors of the province from a triple list presented by the communal council . A special law shall determine the qualifications and the number of the communal councillors , tlie mode of election , the number of
members of the municipal administrations ; and shall regulate the duties thereof , making them consistent with the interests of the province . Art . 5 . Reforms and ameliorations shall also extend themselves to judicial order , as well as to the civil , criminal , and administrative legislation . A commission shall be named to occupy themselves _trith this important object . * Art . 0 . Finally , being always led bythe inclination of our paternal heart towards indulgence and pardon , we wish on this occasion to perform an act of clemency towards the misguided men who were impelled to felony and to revolt , by the seductions , the incertitude , and perhaps by the inertness of others . We must have present to our mind , in this
circumstance , what is called for by justice , the rights of others oppressed or destroyed , the duty which is imcumbent on us to protect you against the return of the misfovtuues which have overwhelmed you , by the obligation to remove you from the pernicious influences of the corrupters of all morality , and from the enemies ofthe Catholic religion—that eternal source of all happiness , of all social prosperitywhich has caused your glory , and which distinguishes you as an elect family of God . and favoured with his especial gifts . With these feelings we will that there shall be published , in our name , . in amnesty for the penalties incurred by all those who , within limits which shall be determined , sliall not
be excluded from this benefit . Such are the dispositions which for your welfare we have thought it our duty to publish before God . At the same time that they are compatible with the duties of our apostolic _fttnet'ons , we have the firm conviction that they may , if faithfully executed , produce the happy result which is desired by enlightened and honest men . I have for gurantee the just sentiment of each of you , whose heart sighs for happiness in proportion to the trials undergone . But , above nil things , let us put our confidence in God , who , even in the midst of a just anger , never forgets his mercy . ' Done at "Naples , in the Faubourg of Portici , the 12 th . of September , 184 . 9 , and in the fourth year of our Pontificate . ' Pius P . P . IX . '
With the motu propria of his Holiness has been published the following notification : — " OOVERXME . _VT _COMMISSION . "His Holiness our Lord tbe Pope , having regard to the circumstances which extenuate in a certain number of his wcll-heloved subjects thc culpability of their participation in the political troubles which have recently afflicted the Pontificial States , desiring to show more and more ' the truly paternal kindness of his heart , and using his full power in favour of misguided mon , rather seduced than seducers , bas ordered us to make known in his august name what he has deigned to decree in consequence of Art . 6 of his sovereign mvto _projirio of the 12 th of this month . We , therefore , in conformity to the
venerable command of his Holiness , hasten to publish the following dispositions , according tothe terms of the _sovereign idea expressed to us : —To those who have taken part in the last revolution in the Pontificial States is granted the pardon of thc penalty to which they shall be liable for the political offences for which they shall bc responsible . The members ofthe Provisional Government , tho members ofthe Constituent Assembly who have taken part in the deliberations of that Assembly , the members of the Triumvirate and ofthe government of the Republic , thc chiefs of the military corps , all those who have already on a former occasion enjoyed the benefit of
the . amnesty granted by his Holiness have forfeited their word of honour in joining in the late political movements ; in . fine , those who , in addition to political offences , have rendered themselves guilty of other crimes provided against by the laws now in force , are excluded from tho ' benefits of this amnesty . The present amnesty does hot imply the maintenance in the employment of the government , or in provincial or municipal posts , of those who have rendered themselves unworthy of them hy tbeir conduct during tbe late events . The same reservation is applicable to the military and employes of all arms .
" Given at our residence at the Quirinal tliis ISth September . "Bella Genoa _Sai-matei . Vax . vicei . li Casoxi . Altieri . " ROME , Sept . 19 . —After Generals Bedeau , Magnan , Guesvilliers , Saavar , and a host of others , having been mentioned as positive successors to General Rostolan , the question appears lobe now definitively settled by the arrival of General Randon at Civita Vecchia . The situation * of commander-in-chief is C 2 rtainly a very responsible one just now in Rome ,
aud hut little calculated . ( miles- ; the line of French policy really _changes as much as is hoped ) to bring honour upon the individual who holds it . The French officers them . se Ives are indignant at the treaU _raent their army has received from the restored government , and but little disposed to become the - . uhrr . issive instruments of ecclesiastical tyranny , bul military discipline and the snpr me decrees of cabinets are alike unanswerable , so that they content themselves with a shrug of rcs \* : naium , and a mysterious remark , that it is une affaire tres compliguee .
The triumvirate of cardinals , meanwhile , continues its onward march in thc reJeutless line of conduct laid down for its _observation . A list of some two or three thousand persons has been drawn up , and every ( ffurt is used lo send thera out of Rome , as they are all those _individual , whether Romans born , or inhabitants of the _provinces , in any way _vcmaikable for the part they have taken in the late movement , or the opinions they have expressed concerning it . Many of these have received intimation from the police , in a private wav . that they bad better
_q-iit the city , _an-l have bc _: n presented with passports for ths provinces , _altlnu ' _-h on inquiring whether they should be free from further molestation in Roraagna or La Marca , tbey received tbe unsatisfactory reply that the authorities in Rome could not be answerable for the actions of the Austrian commanders . Some individuals on the condemned list bave absolutely refused to go , unless compelled to do so by force , or by a positive and public edict . This step , bas been considered either impracticable or injudicious , and is therefore , for the present , suspended .
Mazz > ni ' s address to the Romans , dated August 5 , ult ., _callitw on them to imitate the example of the Lombards in abstaining from French products , bas already appeared in the English papers . The following ; appeal , which has been just secretly printed and widely circulated , may serve as a fresh demonsfraiion of the spirit that prevails throughout the country : — . ' Citizens of the Roman Provisoes —The cry of our brothers of Lombardy and Rome has heen , Italians , abstain from French products Tlieir . deeds confirm the patriotic intention , nor must we show ourselves inferior to thera in rcsolu . tion . Let manufactures , wines , and all french mer . _cbandiss find no place in our shops . Let ' them be consumed hy no oue who feels a love for his country . Tbe servile _jrmmaJs of the French liberticide
government already deplore this blow to French in _trrest , but seek to overcome it hy their usual sophisms . TLey say . that « c cannot f _"> o without tlieir manufactures , their cloths , their wines . _I- ' _alse , as usual ! Let us show them that the wine of : our hills is more grateful than their adulterated liquors , and that we spurn clothing prepared by the a sassins of our liberty . Thus wc shall serve ' at once the cause of honour and the interests of Italian commerce—we shall encourage matiy of our fellowcitizens , impoverished by the despotism of foreign manufactures ., Not that we intend to break off with the people of France , hut her oppressors hiuder us from maintaining friendly relations : tie victim can have nothing in _' _coiiomon with the executioner , or with the servants ' of * tbe executioner Fathers of families , husbands , wives , M i \] yoil _J people that love Italy , to you is entrusted theful-
Trance. (From The *¦ Morning Chronicle. ...
_ Z _^ t of t he naiional p lan . Although some few _Tllites of priestly tyranny may choose to accept £ h merc _handise , God forbid that their example Sd be followed by anyone in whose heart lives a ! „ ark of noble indignation , and who feels that Serous privations mature the fruit of our common liberty . When that springs up , then we will embrace all as brothers . Meanwhile courage and hope . Thc jLice of God will fulfil the justice of the pe ' language may be considered rather higbflowo , hut I _assure you tbat it finds a warm response in the hearts of the people ; and , as a proof , 1 may
tate that many shopkeepers have , to my certain _knowledge , given up keeping French products , _preferring the cloths of Spoleto ( although far inferior ) to _^ those of _Senan and Louviers , and encouraging the cabinet makers and jewellers of Korae to imitate those articles of luxury for which Paris bears the vaunt . With regard to wines , an English friend of mine gave a dinner the other day , and not a Roman present would touch the champagne , as being antinational , . . ...
France will find tbat the bayonets of her soldiers In Borne have struck a severe blow at her own commerce ; and England , also , may regret , when virtually shutout from all traffic with this peninsula , that a franker and more generous support of Italian na tionality had not entitled her to an eminent place in the gratitude of a rising people . As it is , Austrian influence prevails in the ports of either sea . Austr ian troops occupy Tuscany , Romagna _, and La Marca . besides-the imperial pvovincts all _toun _4 the Adriatic coast . The free port of Venice is _aimo-t abolished , and in fact it is only in tbe Ionian isles that British products , destined for the Adriatic , can find a depot free from foreign iufluence . The continental powers well know that , to attack England , they have but to assail ber commerce .
Private letters from Rome , dated the 21 st ult ., state that the irritation felt tliere in consequence of the Pope ' s manifesto was very great . They also mention that this feeling was participated by the French seldiers , several of whom were put under arrest for having torn down or otherwise defaced ihe copies of the manifesto affixed to the walls . The amnesty , in particular , was made the object of popular odium . The Italian journals are unanimous in tbeir
opinion of the papsl edict and amnesty . Florence , Turin , and Genoa alike speak out in this sense , and consider the act as _i-npiditic , and essentially contrary to the interests of the popedom . The most seriously relig ious men are those who are most alarmed At Home the edict is treated in a way dearly showing what is the _feelinp- of the population . The papal _motu-proprio and amnesty have been posted up a second time , and again defiled with mud , and in several places with blood .
The attitude of the French military authority is quite expectant . It awaits orders from Paris , but disapproves de facto the measures ordered , by the papal government ; and whilst the cardinal dare not walk the streets of Rome for fear of encountering the popular fury , the . victims marked out by their inquisitorial decrees walk about freely . Tbe _« Concordia' of Turin , of the _27-h ult ., givei the following account of th ** persons excluded from the papal _amnesty : Members of the Provisional Government , 9 ; members of the Constituent Assembly , 200 ; triumvirs and . ministers ( Mazzini exespied , who is not a Roman ) , 12 ; commanders of different corps , 14 j persons amnestied in 1846 , and especially excluded by the present . amnesty , 6 , 000 ; officials _und-r prosecution , 4 , 000 ; the corps of gendarmes now dissolved , 3 . 000 ; total , 13 , 235 .
PIEDMONT . —At the sitting of the Chamber of Deputies at Turin on the 25 th tilt ., the renort ot the commissions on the bi _* l presented by the . Minister of Finance for _authorising bim to collect the taxes for tbe present year was read . The houss then d scussed a resolution _proposed by tbe Minister o ' Finance for raising a loan of 75 . 000 , 000 of lives to pay the war _contribution to Austria . After a stormy discussion the resolution was passed by a majority of 119 to . 21 . A demand , made by the . Minister of Finance for an additional sura of 21 , 000 , 000 for extraordinary services , was placed on the oide ' rs of the day for the 26 . li , and the Chamber adjourned . SICILY . —The official journal of Catania of the 9 th ult . announces that serious disturbances had
taken place at Nicosia and _Grammichele , two cimmunes of the province of Catania , in conseque - C * of the re * establishment of th' * tax on flour , which had heen abolished by the Provisional Government Sivera ! wealthy inhabitants had fallen victims ti the popular fury . A military . force wa 3 marched ngainst the rioters , and order was restored .
SPAIN . ' Much sensation _bss been excited in Madrid " by a Carlist manifesto , published in tlie ' Esperanz _/ in French and Spanish , and * in the name of fourteen millions of Spaniards . ' The document ,, which is directed to bis Imperial Majesty tlie Emperor of all the Russias , begins by congratulating him on having saved the north from revolution ; and begs him , now that his attention must he ' more free , to turn his eyes to the fourteen millions here , who ,
since the year 1830 , consider him as the _bei-t ally of their sovereign , who has always expected his help . It calls on the Emperor to form a coalition wilh the northern powers , to put an end to the revolution in France , and establish legitimacy there again , and to begin his work by taking possession of the keys of the Black Sea , in spile of England or Lord Palmerston . Tbat by neglecting this opportunity , his _Alajesiy runs a risk of seeing _parliainenta'y government in St . Petersburg , that he has the same light to interfere in France as in Hungary .
GERMANY . Debates on thu New Prussia : * : Constitution . —The Berlin Chambers had been debating tile octroyed constitution . The revising committee of the Second Chamber proposed to _restore the right of taxation to the people , by omitting the first seven words of the 108 th article . On the 25 th ult ., ibis proposal was carritd , against the opposition of Ministers , by 212 to 93 . On the same day , the First Chamber ca _* ne to a resolution also modifying the octroyed document . Thereupon _Manteulft-l , thc Minister , made a declaration which was regarded as
a compromise on -the point ; but it was so ill received , that the majority against Ministers was expected to be greaily increased . On tho 26 th , the Second Chamber to a great _exc-nt ended the work of the preceding day , by adopting an amendment to the _effi-ct that in case there should be any delay in bringing forward a new budget in consequence of disagreement between the two Chambers , the tax _* : s hitherto voted are to _enntinue to be levied until an agreement is effected . The Crown may now make use of the First Chamber to defeat the control of tbe people ' s house .
HUNGARY AND AUSTRIA . The greatest discontent and immense excitement prevail in every village and over all the rural districts of Hungary . The news of the capitulation of Comorn is not confirmed . Joseph Von Rudnianski , Bishop of Marbial has been sentenced by court martial to be deprived ef his bishoprtck and is to be placed in close confinement for six years . The ex-Minister Tangis was carried in chains to thc prison of _Neugeband . where Baron Terengi , President of the . Board of Maynites , is also confined . ' . ' . _'"'
M . Schwal , the principal rabbi , of the Jewish community , has been sentenced to six . years' close confinement , for having preached a political sermon . Tbe Hebrew communes in Hungary are doing all tbey can to soften the hearts of their oppressors , and have sent delegate * to intercede at the foot ofthe throne for a remission of the burdens laid upon them . As an instance , of the exactions by which whole communities are niade to suffer , the Arad communes that were mulcted by General Schlick to the amount of 30 , 000 . florins ( - £ 3 000 ) , are obliged to pay 10 , 000 in silver and 800 in goblin addition to which they are required to provide a hundred thousand rounds of cartridges , within six weeks' time , at * intervals of eiilit days ; for every day that yields nothing a fine " of 200 fl . rinsbv wnv
, of penalty . They are also expected to bring _thtii _* sbare to the contributions laid upon the Banat Israelites , though Arad was never reckoned as belonging to the Banat . There were 10 000 _calflenther pouches , 10 , 000 infantry cloaks , 10 , 000 , pair id shoe ;* , and 5 , 000 pair r _. f _haf-hcMs _* —all to be got ready within four month * * * , in equal rates , and for every delay a fine of 1 , 000 florins awarded . The demand for ball cartridges must be particularl y annoying to a conquered people ; nor is it easy . to see the object of this singular requisition , now that the Austrian army must be well off f- _» r ammunition ; and at . a time when so much is said of reduction in the ar my -not to meution the impossibility of complying _with the demand in six weeks .
. Letters fom _Graefenberg give but a poor _acrouni of Count Stadion- * -- health . He appears to have _los be power o _angulation . [ This beast was one of the principal author * of the _prongs ioflicled on
Trance. (From The *¦ Morning Chronicle. ...
Hungary . His crimes have thus far been punished with insanity and other horrors . He has bis reward . ] .. r A correspondent ofthe » Daily News' writing from Vienna on the 26 th ult . state that on the 23 rd ult . the war council sitting there , had resolved to accede to the Magyars in Comorn , in so far as concerned the amnesty required hy them , and the exchange of 200 , 000 Kossuth florin notes for thesame amount in tangible gold and silver , whereupon the Magyar chiefs would leave Austria and emigrate .
REPORTED SURRENDER OF COMORN . The 'Tiroes' of Thursday , says : —A postscript to our Vienna letter of the 28 ih ult ., contains the announcement of the surrender of Comoro , and that hostilities had ceased . The * Cologne Gazette' of yesterday haa no news from Comorn ; but it affirms on the authority of Vienna letters of the 27 th ult ., that Kossuth and his companions were already safe on board a British man-of-war .
TURKEY , RUSSIA , AND AUSTRIA . PROBABILITY OF WAR ! ( From the'Times . ' ) CONSTANTINOPLE , Sept . 12 . —I mentioned in my former letter that an aide-de-camp of the Emperor Nicholas , the Prince Radzivil , bad arrived here from Warsaw . The day of his arrival he , in company with M . de Titoff , the Russian Minister , had an interview with the Grand Vizier . On the following day Prince Radzivil had an audience of lhe SuUan , to whom he delivered an autograph letter from the Emperor , contaiiiin _/** a demand that the Polish refugees now in Turkey should beg ' ven np , and recommending
that the Hungarian refugees should be abandoned to the Austrians . This letter is written in very strong terms , and it is said that its tone bas given great offence to the Sultan . Tiie Czar insists that the Polish refugees shall be given up to him , and the Hungarian refugees to the Austrians . He employs no argument in support of his demand , bat he says that if bis _wishes be not instantly complied with he will take hostile measures against Turkey . He requires a short and explicit answer—yes or no . The F _' olish and Hungarian refugees are at present at Widdin , and tbe Emperor says in his letter that the escape of a single one of tbeae men from tbe place
where they now are he will consider a _cisus holla . The Grand council has met almost daily since tbe arrival of Prince Radzivil . M . de Titeff and the Emperor ' s aide-de-camp complain of unnecessary delay , and the latter threatens to return to Warsaw if a definitive answerbe not given to Cz . _ir' 8 letter today . Two posts back I informed you that tbe Porte liad refused to give tip tbe Polish and Hungarian refugees at the demand of the Russian and Austrian _representatives , and that tbe Sultan approved ofthe dscision of his Ministers . The Sultan persists in the resolution that he came to at the time , and the Grand
Vizitr , Mebemee AH Pasha , tbe Seraskier , ana tbe Minister of Foregin Affairs , are on the side of His Majesty : but the great majority as the council bave , it appears , been alarmed by the threatening tone of the Czar ' s letter . The consequence is , that no official announcement of _thedecision ofthe Grand Council bas yet been made . The representatives of England and France encourage the Porte , it is said , to resist Russia ; and there is reason to believe tbat the Turkish Government , prompted by their own s ° nse of justice and national dignify , and urged on by Sir S . Canning and General Aupick , will reject tl e demand of tbe Emperor .
It is to Ir supposed ihat the Russian Emperor will put his threats of war into execution should the answer to his letter be in the negative . With the almost constant northerly wind a fl . _* et will reach the mouth ef the _Bospborous from Sebastopol in twenty-four hours . Nearly the whole of the Turkish fleet- is , however , in thc Golden Home at present ; all the skips fully equipped and ready for sea , and there is an army of 60 , 000 men concentrated about Constantinople . A current runs downwards from the Black Ssa , through tha _Bcisphorus and Dardanelles , at the rate of four or five miles an bonr ; and this , aided by a northerly wind , makes it a verv
tedious and difficult thing to get through these Straits unless towed by steamers . This gives immense natural _advantages to Russia , who , moreover , has in her favour her relative proximity to Constantinople . An English fl'et conld not reach the Dardanelles _fram Malta in le-s than-12 to 14 days , nor c > uld the _thipj get through the straits to tbe Golden Home in less than three or four days more . With the fleet here at present the Turks may bc able to defend the ent-nnce to the Boiisuhoru _* , but their army bears no ' _-roportion to tbe forces nhicb the Emperor can in a few days march across the frontier .
SUSPENSION OF RELATIONS BETWEEN TURKEY AND RUSSIA . _., Constantixcple , Sep . 10 . — - The French steamer which ought fo have left yesterday will not start till this evening . She was detained by the French Minister , General Aupick , that be might be able to send to his government the final determination of ihe Port with regard to the Polish and H . muarian refugees . Prince Radzivil , the Czar ' s aidede-camp , docs not return to his Imperial master till to-morrow . He was to have left Constantinople today , hut he delayed his departure in hopes that tho Turkish government would reconsider tbeir
determination not to gratify the _Empecoi * _Nichola-i ' s _tWrsl for vengeance upon the unhappy refugees . Prince Radzivil has not hesitated to say openly that it is the intention of the Czar to have every one ofthe Polish and Hungarian fugitives now in Turkey hanged the instant they fall int . _i his hands ; and after this unblushing avowal hc has the "hardihood to insist upon the extradition of his intended victim ? . The whole Turkish nation protests against ln-ing made participators in such a murderous policy . The G'and Council with one voice have determined t <> resist the demands of Russia and to defy her threats . The _Saltan bas approved of their resolution , and in this his Majesty is supported by the
_Sbielc-ul-I-biem , or chief of the religion , and the whole corps _ofUlemas . The Sheik-ul-islaem said thafc , to give np these poor refugees would be a violation of one ofthe first principles of the _Mussulman religion , which ordains Ihat thc followers of Mahomet " shall give hospitality and protection to all who are in misfortune without distinction of . creed or country . In the interview which Prince Radzvil bad with tlie _Stiban , his Majesty did not disguise ihe indignation lie felt at the demand of the Czar , and al the overbearing tone in which it was made . As to Austria , she lias sunk into complete _inaignifwanca ; her name is not even _raentio-ied in ( he present negociations .
_Septemper 17 . —From the commencement of the * present question the Turkish government bad refused to comply with thc demands of the li- ***** .---or of Russia for the extradition of the Polish ant' Hungarian refugees . But the Purte wished to do eo in the manner least calculated to produce anv unnecessary irretaiion . This mode of proceeding did _»** i coincide , it seems , with the instructions which M .
de Titoff had received from tbe Czar , and he therelore _. jn the afternoon of the loth ult-., ' made known to the Port , that if within thirty hours from the date of hia note the Turkish government ; did not give a decisive answer to the demands of the Emperor , he would suspend all diplomatic relations . Tiie Russian Minister , at thc same time , ordered Prince Radzivil to refuse the audience of leave which had been offered bim by the Sultan .
Late , last night tfic Porte communicated to tbe Russian and Austrian Embassies its final _determination of rejecing the demand of the Emncror for the extradition of the Polish and Hungarian refugecs . M . de Titoff has , in consequence , suspended relations with the Porte , and Prince Radzivil has taken his departure for St . Petersburg . The' Conslitutionnet' states tbat it is the intention of the Sultan lo remove the Hungarian and Polish refugees who have taken refuge in his dominions to Constantinople . Fur that purpose a steamer was despatched secretly o _* _i tl . e n _' ght of the 15 th tn Varna , _tobrin-j them to the bapiml _, whence it would be easy to send them t _*> _Evg-and . ' AN ENGLISH F LEET ORDERED TO THE
_DARDANELLES . The . ' Genoa Gazette' of the 24 th ult . announces that passengers arrived that morning from Naples Inthe steamer-h ad _brat-rht . i _* h _« news that the _Eivli- ' fleet concentrated at Malta had _received _o-ders to proceed to the Dardanelles . [ This requires confirmation . ] 'Lloyd , ' by a letter dated Ihe 17 th ultimo from Smyrna , informs us that an insurrection had broken out in the istand of Samos . Troops had been sent there from Constantinople , who , at the departure of the courier , were still fighting against the insurgents . The ' Debats' has the following letter of the 16 th ult ., from Constantinople : —
' Yesterday , after the ultimatum handed to the Porleby the Russian and Austrian ministers , General Aupick decided on detaining the Telemaqus steam-packet for twenty-four hours , in ord-r to an .
Trance. (From The *¦ Morning Chronicle. ...
nounce the result of tbat step to his government . I take advantage of this circumstance to add some details to those . I sent you yesterday . It was only this evening that the reply of the Divan to that ultimatum was made known . Tbis morning the Minister of Frreign Affairs addressed to ihe French and English ministers a note , in which he put the following questions to tliem . Do tbe treaties of Kutcbuk-Kaynardji and of _Pasaarovitch give the two powers , Russia and Austria , the right to demand the extraditions of the Hungarian refugees ? 2 Would the refusal of the Sultan to deliver thera up be considered an infraction of those treaties ? 3
Could the two powers in consequence of such refusal declare war aganst the Porte ?—4 . In the event of the two powers declaring war , would England and France support Turkey with an armed force ?—5 , Are the refugees claimed by Russia the subjects of that power . '—6 . In case the refusal of the Porte should only cause a rupture of relations between the Divan and tbe ministers ofthe two demanding power and a state of coolness more or less prolonged of these two powers towards Turkey , would France and England interfere fo re-establish the relations on their former footing ? Soon after the receipt of this communication , tbe French and English Ambassador
had a _con'erence , and decided oa replying by a cotlective note , which was delivered in the course of ihe day to the Turkish _Minis'er of Forei gn Affairs . Thc reply , if I am well informed , is as follows : —On the first question , No ; the treaties alluded to do not confer the right on Austria and Russia . —On the second question , No ; ihe refusal of the Porti would not bc any infraction of the treaties . —On the third question , It cannot be ad . mitted that such a refusal could he followed by a declaration of war ; and such a declaration , if it took place , would be unjustifiable . —On the fourth question : Tbe two ambassadors cannot guarantee
the co-operation of the armed forces of England and France without rceiving special _insrucfions . — On tbe fifth question : It is impossible Ibat some of the refugees claimed by Russia may be still sub » jects of tbat power ; but for the generality of them , it is incontestable that the refugees , whose extradition is demanded , are not Russian subjects . —On the sixth question : Yes—France and England will actively interfere with Russia and Austria to re-establish good relations between these two powers
and the Porte . There can be no doubt , in my opinion , but _thatthis note will powerfully contribute to maintain the Porte in its former determination ; that ihe ultimatum will be rejected , and there will result a rupture of relations between the Russian and Austrian ministers and tbe Divan . But a declara . tion of war for such a motive would appear such an odious act , that we can barely admit its possibility . There is , however , everything to be dreaded on the part of a power such as Russia , and Europe wiil dowell ta be on its guard .
The Turks are not at all uneasy . They cannot _comprehend " thai war will be declared against themsolely because they have refused to give up a few unfortunate refugees who have confided in their honour ; and tbey accordingly rely on fhe support and sympathy of the whole of civilised Europe , The good Turks , however , are not blindly trusting to the chapter of accidents or to the decrees of destiny . They are actively preparing for all hazards . AH the available troops have been _ojderetj from tbe frontiers ; the army of Rouraelia , 40 , 000 strong , is ordered to hold itself in readiness to match at the first signal ; and the provincial r edifs , or local _mi'itia , have been embodied .
The castles of the _U-jsphorus are to be fortified ; the greater part of the fl'et is armed and equipped ., and cm , in thc course of a few hours , tast anchor at the mouth of the Black Sea , so as to defend the entrance of the Bosphorus . Nor does the Turkish government appear to be wanting in what is expressively called the ' sinews of war . ' It has plenty of _rrady money with which to commence war , andthe Minister of Finance has declarad his ability to place 40 , 000 , 000 at the disposal of the Minister of War , wit bout delay . Tbe Sultan has offered an equal sum from his private purse , and we are assured that even the mosques of the capital , whose wealth is er . or « n ous , aro prepared to make tbe greatest _sacrifices to support the government on a question which all pious _Musslemen regard as one of religious principle .
INDIA . The sentence on Moolraj has been commuted into transportation for life . It is believed that be will _b-j sent to Singapore . Tiie cholera has been very prevalent in Bombay , as well as at Poonali and in tbe Deccan generally .
NEW SOUTH WALES . Another Rfbelmous Colony , —By tvay of Singapore , advices have arrived from Sydney to the 1 ltd of June . The revival of the transportation system , indicated in Earl Grey ' s despatch of the 3 rd _September , 1848 , is _strenuously opposed by the colanists . In the Legislative Council , on the 1 st of June , Mr . _Cowper moved tbe following resolution relative to the despatch : — ' That this Council declines to accede to the proposal therein contained for the renewal of transportation to this colony , and strongly protests against the adoption of any measure by which the colony would be _degraded into a penal
settlement ; and that this Council , therefore , would earnestly entreat her Mnjesty to be graciously pleased to revoke the Order in Council by which this colony ha * , beea _ajaivi _vawl-j a _placfs to wbich British offenders may be transported . '—This was carried unanimously . On tbe 10 th of Junp , however , a cargo of convicts arrived at Sydney , in the ' Hashmeney . ' The colonists were instantly up in public meetings , On the llth of June , the people _o £ Sydney ' assembled as one man , ' under the chairmanship of Mr . Lowe , their Member in lhe Council
alt public business being suspended for the day , The meeting adopted resolutions solemnly protesting _against the act of the Colonial Office—asa violation of thi viill of the colonial majority , clearly expressed at all times ; as a breach of faith ; as an invasion of colonial freedom and of local self-government j as an injustice p litical and social ; and as a great hazard to colonial relations with the _Motlier-couutry . The protest was handed to Governor Fizroy who signified his intention not to land the convicts from the' Hashmeney- * until tbe answer of Earl Grey should have been received .
WEST INDIES . JAMAICA . —We have received our usual correspondence and files of pipers from Jamaica to tba 7 th of _September ; tlieir _contents arc interesting . The _ncv Colonial Parliament assembled for the first time on the 5 ih of September , and on the very first night the Country parly showed that tbe general election had proved favourable to their cause , tbey having displaced the . former Speaker of the House , one of tbe government _p-trty , and elected hi his stead Dr . Morales , from iheir own Milks ,
The Governor addressed the House in a _speseh of ' ordinary length , ' taking a review of the financial condiiinnof the Island , and urging the House to proceed with the business of the country . The reply to the speech was agreed to bv the House the night before the packet left , but had not been presiuW . U _*« aS _toWu * m _\ vs language , but firm , declaring the right-of the House to manage their own finance ** , and expressing their determination to maintain that right . An amendment to the address was - , ff _<* r . -a by one ofthe government , or * King _'« House , ' party , pledging the House to raise the ordinary revenue , but the original address was carried—24 to 14 .
UNITED STATES . An arrival had taken _phice from California . One million dollars have been received . A serious affair has occurred between the French and American governments . It seems that the French minister of Washington sent an impertinent letter to the American cabinet relative to cotopensa * tion demanded b y his government for losses in the Mexican war , amounting to one or two million dollars ; that the American Government complained to the authorities in Paris of the spirit of tbe letter , and received for answer an approval thereof by the government of France . Thereupon tbe cabinet at _Washina-oa presented the ambassador with his passport lo b ave . The aff .: ir has created great sensation .
1 he fall of Venice , and the _confirmation of the Hungarian disasters , although anticipated , and weighed heavil y on the minds cf the large majority <" ¦ ' -be A : ' , _f--r : ean _ri- z : i : _*> . A deep _ft-tjing of _sympaiiiy for K .. ) ssu ' vh and his compatriots was every * where expressed , and the hatred towards the traitor Georgey was indescribable . Imprisonment for debt has been abolished throughout the entire state of Virginia . '
The Mormon emigration in the direction of the Great Salt Lake , was said to be larger than ever ; Several hundred waggons passed Council Bluff , by the latest accounts , on their way across the plains The Mormon votes-are now looked upon as of considerable influence . In the Nauvoo district the Mormons voted for the _Lscofoco candidates . In Monroe dUtrict , in Iowa , tbey voted to amanfoi the Whig ? . "
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), Oct. 6, 1849, page 2, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns3_06101849/page/2/
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