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Northern Star (1837-1852), 7th April 1849, Edition 3 of 3, Page 2

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      The Oar- J N* 'Tire' Of Our Cause Ami In...

      Appil 1 , 1849 . 2 THE _NORTrTlilflN STAR > _ m _. . . _^ _. _^^^ _-. _^ jj _¦¦¦ - ¦ " ' _*^ memm 7 _________________ _¦«———~—¦——•*—¦¦ Tk . I

      Jfaveiqn Intelligence

      _JFaveiqn _Intelligence

      France. The Trial Of The Republican Chie...

      _FRANCE . THE TRIAL OF THE REPUBLICAN CHIEFS . _Bot-rges . —On Thursday , the counsel for the prisoners catered on their defence at Bourges . Barbes was called on . bat declined _defending himself . — Sobrier was then called en , and M . Baud , his counsel , addressed the jury in his defence . —Raspail _defended _hiKself . Ha denied his complicity in any plot for lhe overthrow of the government on the 15 th os M 3 _V . The manifestation on that day _ was only in favour of Poland . —Flotte was next called , but declined making any defence . —The counsel for Qaentin nest addressed the court . The court rose at six o ' clock .

      On Friday , a considerable crowd was collected , and the galleries were completely filled by welldressed people of both sexes to hear the speech of M . Bethtnont in defence of General Courtais . The defence was lone and brilliant , and produced much sensation . At its conclusion , when the advocate appealed to Heaven for the truth of his conviction that his client was no traitor , and that whatever may bz now thought , his innocence would hereafter

      bo proved , General Courtais appeared to be much affected , and was observed _eYen to shed tears . — Blanqui was called on to address , according as he -Lad intended , some observations to the court . He -said that the Procureur-General should first reply to the _oiiiervatioiiS of his counsel . The Frocureur-Ceneral had no reply to make until tbe prisoner ' s defence was completed . Blanqui said he was not ready . The President , therefore , adjourned the court at half-past three o ' clock .

      On Saturday , Blanqui addressed the court in bis own defence . He was interrupted by the President , . as he _ztlsekea ihe decree of the National Assembly - competency of the court . The Procureur-General sd-. _lresstd the jury at great length . The court adjourned at sir o ' clock . Great interest was excited at Bourges , on Sunday , bj the-mnouncsment of the arrival thereof Huber , who has surren iered himself . Huber , however , will not be ir _. ed at present . The defence of the prisoners was _continued till six o ' clock , when the court _adjourned . SENTCNC 2 ON THE PRISONERS . BARBES AND ALBERT TRANSPORTED FOR LIFE .

      ' ( From a second edition of the Times of Wednesday . ) The scstf _s-ces were passed at eleven o ' clock on Monday night , April 2 nd , on thc political prisoners at Bourges . _iVies and Albert , transportation for life . _Bianqci , ten years * imprisonment . Sobrier , seven years . _IxaspaH , six years . Flotte and Quentin , fire years each . General Courtais , _Degre , Le Pannier , Bormes , Thomas , Vilain , and Larget , were acquitted and discharged . The sentence on Louis Blanc _aa-i _OsassMiers , was adjourned till Tuesday . It _apper-Jr . hat Barbes addressed the Court at some ieugth , aud concluded his speech by shouting" Vive ia fapidnique Democratique et Sociale ! " •—a cry in which Sobrier loudly joined .

      \ _VEt-5 ESDA-y . —The High Court of Bourges has condemned Lov-s Blanc , Caussidiere , Honneau , La-¦ _yir ron , _Scgnsunet , aad Napoleon Chancel , by default , : o transportation for life . _JXEASIOPS i'ESSECDTIOjr OP THE _ClTIZEST Proutwwf . —On Wednesday , March 29 th , M . Proudhon , the celebrated Socialist representative , and _e-utor of the journal Le Peuple , and M . _Ducbesnci ihe _gercnt of that journal , were brought to trial for a _libd on the President of the Republic , published ia Le Peuple . The two articles incriminated appeared on the 26 th and 27 th of January , and were entitled ' La Guerre' and ' Le President de la Repuhiiaue est responsable . " M . Duchesne

      admitted ki _< r _& UQnsibiliiy as gerant , and M . Proud hon ackno \ _vhd ; cd tbe authorship of the articles . The Advocate-General contended that in these articles the accused had committed the offences of exciting hatred and contempt of tbe government , of attacking ti _: _e Constitution and the authority of tbe President of ' . be Republic , and of having endeavoured to disturb the public peace by exciting citizens to hatred _ag & _i-ui each other . After a long trial both tbe accuse *! were found guilty , and M . Duchesne was sentenced to one year ' s imprisonment and a fine of 1 , 000 francs , while M . Proudhon was sentenced to three years * Imprisonment , and a fiue of 3 , 000 francs .

      Pror . dhoa h 3 s laid an appeal before the Court of Cassation against the judgment of tbe Couit of Assize . National Assembly . —Affairs of Italy . — Friday , March 30 th . —The discussion on the affairs of _itdlr was opened to-day iu the National Assembly by M . Bixio , who stated that the Committee of 7 Weign Affairs had keenly felt the deep emetic !! produced in the Assembly by the communication msce on T 7 ednesday by the President of the Conned relative to Italy . It had immediately met to deliberate on that grave matter . A frightful catastrophe had annihilated the only regular force organised far the defence of Italy , and he would not

      pass over tue belies of that heroical army without paying _ajusttribate of regret to their manes and to the glori * js temerity of their king . ( Murmurs and laugh's ? . ; Austria now menaced tbe whole Italian _penuuuig . 'ftie _questiou was no longer an European or _Itai-aa question . It was a French question . The integrity of Piedmont , uHder Louis XIV ., as well as under tee Republic , was indispensable to the security of France . The passage of the Ticino or the Varby the Austrians was identically the same . The _Committiifl wag accordingly of opinion that the Austrians should be immediately inyited to retire , aud that to * French government should not confine itself to a mere _uxchanae of votes , but take up a position

      on the menaced' territory . He concluded by _proposing tlie following resolution : — 'The National Assemhiv . jealous of _securng the preservation of the two greatest interests confided to it , the dignity of France , _snd the maintenance of peace founded in respect for nationalities , and concurring in the Ian guage _SvM in the sitting of ib . e 28 tb . by the Presiden of the Council of Ministers , confiding also in the g - -vernment of the President of the Republic , declares fait , H the better to guarantee tbe integrity ol fh ? Piedmontese territory and protect the interests and honour of France , the Executive Power should think it _necessary to give force to the negotiations , by the partial aud temporary occupation of any point of

      Upper Italy , it would find in the National Assembly the most sincere and cordial co-operation . —The Minister of Foreign Affairs then addressed the Assembly , explaining the state of affairs in Piedmont . — M . Billault , who fallowed , blamed the government lor having adopted , as the basis of the negotiation , the treaties of 1815 , which had been virtually abrogated . An intervention in Piedmont was ridiculous , the g overnment knowing very well that the Austrans did not intend to retain possession of thai country , ft was in Lombardy the real Italian question _rc-sten . —M . Drouyn de Lhuys replied . After which , M . LeuVa Rollin rose and jusfiSid the foreign policy ofthe Provisional Government . If it bad not assisted Charles Albert , it was because that _prinse was ambitious to annex to his kingdom tbe

      Lorabardo * Venetian provinces , and that he was afraid the Frer . ch _so'diers would propagate republican principles in bis dominions . The Executive Commission subsequently proposed to tbe Sardinian government to occupy tbe country ef Nice and Savoy , bnt experienced a similar ' refusal . He then contended that tbe Austrians , by preserving tbe important position of Alessandria , commanded the entire Peninsula , and urged the French government to form an alliance with the Republics of Central Italy . ( Laughter . ) Re then cited passages from speeches , ¦ delivered by Messrs . Odillon Barrot , Thiers , and _Duvergiar de _Hauranne , in 1838 , after the evacuation of Ancona by order of Connt Mole , and maintamed that if they did rot now interfere in Italy -their condemnation of that act must have been a

      mere comedy . —After M . Jules Favre had addressed tbe Assembly , M . Drouyn de Lhuys rose and _an--noonced that the government accepted the resolution presented by the Committee of Foreign Affairs .-: M . Floeott declared that be could not concur in tbe resolution , as it implied confidence in a Cabinet which he distrusted . He accordingly proposed the _following order of tbe day . — 'The Assembly , persisting in its resolution of tbe 24 th May , 1848 , invites tbe government to take measures to guarantee the emancipation of Italy . ' ( Murmurs . ) Some -Olhe _* _duendmenis were _propdW . Ultimatel y the debate was adjourned .

      Paris , Saturday . —In the course of this day ' s ¦ debate M . Thiers delivered a most infamous speech . * You seek , ' said M . Thiers , « the independence of Lombardy and Veneris , which would he equivalent to a _ war with Austria ; or , in fact , a war with tbe whole continent . This would be madness and ¦ anti-national . ' M . Thiers said that it was necessary to uphold the treaties of 1815 , and ridiculed tbe assertion of M . de Lamartine , who , iu bis memorable manifesto , declared that they existed de facto , but not ife jure . Of course , he was loudly applauded by the base majority . Finally , tbe motion of M . Bixio modified as follows was adopted by 444 to 320 . ' The Assembly declares , that if tbe better

      France. The Trial Of The Republican Chie...

      to guarantee the integrity of the Piedmontese territory , and to protect the interests and honour of France , the Executive Power . should think proper to support its negotiations by a partial and temporary occupation of Italy , the National Assembly would grant it its-entire co-operations . Socialism is the _AnMY .-The 6 th Regiment of Artillery in Paris _hai been ordered to quit the capital , although its period of service has not ex . pired . The Ultra-Republican journals assert that its departure is occasioned by its being converted to Socialism , anil that tbe men would not fire on tue people . -,.,, ' Serious disturb

      Socialist Manifestation . — - ances were created at Souillac , in the department of the Lot , ton the 25 th ult ., by a number of Socialists who had formed an illegal club , but having been dispersed by the police they paraded the town , crying ' Vive Eobespierre V « Vive Blanqui l ' ' Vive la MonlagneV rive Barbel V Vive la Guil-Mine I '— Times . The Res Republic—A banquet given on Sunday by the ex-delegates of the Luxembourg collected 1 , 200 guests at the Barriere de Sevres . Several Montagnard representatives attended , amongst whom were observed MM . Joly , Felix Pyat , and Pierre Leroux . After the company entered the basquet-hall the Commissary of Police ofYaugirard , assisted by three peace officers , demanded admission , bnt having been re / used , he took a note of the refusal aud withdrew .

      M . Gamier , in speaking of tbe first toast , * the Revolution , ' passed a warm eulogium on Louis Blanc and Albert , and censured the acts of the present government . He was interrupted by cries of Death to tyrants , ' 'Down with the political scaffold , ' in allusion to the execution of tbe * murderers' of General Brea . The usual toasts were given , and the meeting separated . . Francs Dishonoured . — 'Let us efface from our banners , ' cries Le Peuple , ' the words * National Honour . ' Let us never again speak of our sympathies for an oppressed people , and of the initiative whicb it ought to be tbe glory of France to take over the world . Let us cover with a funeral crape tbe book of our history . Let us , above all , forget the glories of the Republic and the Empire . It

      would be too much shame to endure at the same time . "We are fallen far below the Restoration — far below the government of Louis Philippe . Brought back in the baggage carts of the Holy Alliance , the Restoration freed Greece and conquered an entire continent when taking possession of Algiers . Though the shameless slave of ' peace at any cost , ' the government of Louis Philippe bombarded Antwerp , and occupied Ancona at the very first news of the intervention of Austria in Italy . What the Restoration did , what tbe Ministers of ' peace at any cost' didi we do not dare to do , though France is now a Republic , aud the name of Napoleon is at the bead of the Executive power . See to what baseness we are reduced . Why do you talk to us of Polignacand Guizot ! In comparison with such creatures as you , they were chivalrous guardians of our national honour . '

      Le Peuple then makes a direct appeal to the army , and calls upon it to declare itself for war , and thus render war inevitable . _BuasAPABTiST _Corruption . —PariSi Tuesday Morning . —The proceedings in the National Assembly yesterday were of extraordinary violence . The subject under discussion was the budget of the Minister of tbs Interior . In the third chapter _, which relates to the pension fund of that department , there appears tbe sum of 52 , 000 f . for tbe retiring pensions granted by M . Leon Faucher , to eighteen prefects who retired or were dismissed in

      consequence ofthe Revolution of February . M . Brard opposed tbe grant , on tbe ground that none or these functionaries bad served the time required by the law of 1790—namely , sixty years of age , and thirty years' service . After a stormy debate , M . Jules Favre proposed an order of the day motive blaming the Ministry . Ultimately M . Roux _Cirbonnel brought forward another amendment stating that the Assembly , not being acquainted with the facts of the case , sent the matter to the committee of finance for examination , and the latter was adopted by a majority of 13 , the numbers being 363 to 350 .

      The Approaching Elections . —The preparations for the approaching elections are now going on with great activity . The Republicans , Buonapartists , Monarchists , and Socialists have all their different committees , and meetings are held every day in which the pretensions of the different candidates are discussed . Defeat of the Government !—In the National Assembly yesterday the government was twice beaten , first on the vote of 50 , 000 francs to General Changamier , when the majority was fifty-seven against the government ; and secondly ! on a grant demanded for the political and moral superintendence of thea tres , which was refused by a majority of 365 to 332 . Tyranny of the President . —Another Onslaught on the Liberty of the Press . —The

      journal Le Peuple was seized on "Wednesday for a ? . serting that the President of the Republic had con * traded money obligations which hampered his will and his political ideas . Paris , Wednesday . —Charles Albert , ex-king of Sardinia , arrived in Paris yesterday afternoon . He came by rail from Bourges .

      GERMANY . _ELECTIOM OP TEE KING OF _TKUSSIA AS EMPEROR OF HUE OEHMASS . FRANKFORT . —The National Assembly elected , on the afternoon of the 28 th ult ., the King of Prussia as Emperor of the Germans . 290 members voted for the motion conferring the Imperial dignity on his Prussian Majesty , and 248 refrained from taking any part in the proceedings . A deputation of twenty-four members was chosen to convey the intelligence to tbe King of Prussia .

      The Assembly received on the 29 th ult . the official information that the Archduke John bad resigned the post of vicar of the German empire , ' on account of existing circumstances . ' In a letter addressed to Baron von Gagern _, his Imperial Hi ghness expresses the wish that he ( the Arctiduke ) may be released from the duties of his office , s . o soon as that release can be effected without injury to tbe tranquillity and welfare of Germany . The house then adjourned till the 4 th of April . Cologne , March 30 . —The deputation appointed hy the Frankfort National Assembly to convey to the King of Prussia the intelligence of his election to the imperial crown of Germany , arrived on the 30 th ult . in . Cologne by one of the steamers . On landing they were greeted witb cheers and hisses , the latter neatly predominating .

      During their stay at Cologne on Friday night , a large crowd assembled in front of the Hotel Disch _, where they had put up , and treated them to a charivari—the famous ' cat ' s music' of the Germans . As it was / eared that other and more hostile demonstrations might be made ( for the democrats of Cologne are all republicans ) , the troops were called out , and they took up positions at the corners of all the streets leading to the above hotel , thus preventing the passage of all persons except those who resided therein _.

      Horrible Persecution of the Birmn Workmen . — The criminal court has pronounced sentence on the persons accused of rioting and destroying machinery on the 16 th of October last . The prisoner most deeply implicated , a labourer , on fome points of law , escaped with the lightest sentence , six mouths ' imprisonment . -The others were condemned to various terms of imprisonment — one to ten years , two to six , and two to four years with hard labour , one to a year ' s simple imprisonment , and one to a year ' s service in the military penal company . Tbe . well-known Linden Midler is condemned to two years' imprisonment in a fortress .

      Baden . — The trial of Strove and Blind was brought to a close oa tbe 30 th ult . The jury declared the accused not guilty of high treason , but convicted there on the minor counts . Sentence had not been passed .

      WAR IN HUNGARY . The news of the fall of Hermannsiadt is corroborated by all the newspaper correspondents . That town , tbe seat of a Saxon population , and for that very reason marked out , like the whole of Transylvania , by Kossuth for punishment , has been overrun by Bern and his legions . An important fight had taken place at Comorn with a body of insurgents , under Gorgey , with what result is not known . The rebels are reported to have displayed great valour , particularly the hussars , who dashed up with irresistible impetuosity . ta the battering train of the Imperialists , and took their guns by storm , like the Polish-Lancers , in the charge of _Semosierra .

      Thk Hungarians again Victorious . — Vmnna , March 28 . —To-day , private communications inform us of a great battle . near Kezskemet _, in which Jellachich bas been again beaten , the advanced . guard of the Magyars is now in Weitzen , about ten German miles from Comorn . and about

      France. The Trial Of The Republican Chie...

      six miles from Pesth , in a northerly direction . It seems that the Magyars do not intend to attack Ofen , which is no position of strategic importance but to relieve Comorn , which has been continually bombarded since the 18 th of this month , but without any success . Kossuth ' s brother-in-law ,, commanding this fortress ,, having received every day two or three officers from the be & eigers , demanding him to surrender , has refused to receive any more . He did so in consequence of those officers being little better than spies . One Austrian officer came into the fortress as a deserter , was kindly received , and nominated major of the artillery . This gentleman was detected corresponding by signals with the Austrians , and whoa the latter , in consequence oj these signals , attacked a place which usually was very badly defended , the deserter was hanged , and the imperial troops received with a heavy fire .

      The Times correspondent , who evidently is in tbe pay of the Austrians , says in that paper of Wednesday : — _« Things look exceedingly gloomy in Hungary , and if a change of men and tactics do not speedily take place , the worst is to be feared . The Lloyd oi to-day tells us that several hot engagements have taken place within a rayonoi about fifty English miles of Pesth , and as no bulletin lias been issued , it is clear that we have heen worsted . [' We have been worsted . ' That is the vile scoundrel ' s paymasters—the accursed Austrian tyrants . May ' the worst' for them come speedily . ]

      THE WAR IN ITALY . Our last number contained the telegraphic despatch read to the French Assembly , which announced the complete defeat of the Piedmontese army by the Austrians , and the flight and abdication of Charles Albert . We resume the history of these important events . The following is from the Paris correspondence of the Times / . —' The battle which forced Charles Albert to abdicate in favour of his son , the Duke of Savoy , was fought on the 24 th between Novara and

      Vercelli . It was commenced by General _Chrzanowsky , who was at first successful . He recovered the position be had previously lost , hut Marshal Radetskyhaving with consummate skill concentrated his entire force , consisting of 60 , 000 men , on one point , the Piedmontese line was broken , and one division , commanded by the Duke of Savoy , was driven to Bielle at the foot of the Alps , and the other , under the command ' of Chrzannwsky , to Borgo-Manero . The Piedmontese Generals , Perrone and Pasulacqua , both men of large hereditary fortune in Piedmont , were killed , '

      We take the following from the _Constitutionneli' The match of Radetsky was undaunted , hut not imprudent , ft had for its object , as ft trained for its result , to oblige Charles Albert to g ive him a decided battle at the very opening of the campaign . The interest of the Piedmontese seemed to be , on the contrary , to avoid a decisive action , in order to give : time to Lombardy to make a last effort , and come to the aid of her liberators . It was with the hope of an insurrection , of Lombardy co-operating with this attack ,. that- Charles . Albert divided his forces , that he sent a division to the . borders of the Lago Maggiore to encourage the insurgents of the province of Como , while one of his best generals ,

      La Marmora , with 12 , 000 or 15 , 000 men , operated below'the Po and penetrated into Lombardy by the Duchy of Parma . Milan was thus threatened both on the north and on the south while the Piedmontese army was marching direct from Turin to Milan . To Jose Milan by an insurrection . excited by the appearance of the Piedmontese columns , or hy a defeat , was the same thing to Radetsky ; either would oblige him to retire behind the Adda , or , perhaps , behind the O glio . To drive away Charles Albert from Milan when his vanguard was only five leagues / rem that city ; to compel hira to retreat upon the Piedmontese territory , and there accept a decisive battle , which would open to one tbe road to Turin ,

      or to the other the road into Milan , was the problem which Eadetsky has solved . Turin , as well as Milan , is on the left bank of the Po . Twenty-five leagues and two broad' rivers " separate these two capitals . The two rivers are the Sesia , which joins the Po near Ca 9 ale , and the Ticino , which serves as a boundary to Piedmont , and joins tbe Po at Pavia . Both come down from the Alps and run parallel to each other . It was on the narrow tongue of land between the Sesia and the Ticino and the left bank of the Po that this short but decisive campaign passed . If a straight line t e drawn from Turin to Milan , it will cut the Sesia at Vercelli , will touch Novara and Trecate between the two rivers , and

      will cnt the Ticino at Buft ' alora . It was along this line that were stationed four out of the six divisions of the army of Charles Albert . The reserve was at Vercelli with the Duke of Savoy , one division at Novara , the head-quarters at Trecate , tbe Duke of Genoa at Buffalora , and the vanguard , having passed Buffalora , advanced to within five leagues of Milan , before Radetsk y had made a single move . A fifth division , that of Ramorino , was destined to guard the course of the Ticino , and connected the main body of the army with the Durando division , which , following the left bank of the Po , watched Pavia , where Radetsky arrived on the 21 st with 5 , 000 men , and where he concentrated his troops . Radetsky ,

      quitting Pavia , ascended the course of tlie Ticino as far as Vidgevano , where he found himself in face of Raraorino ' s division , and where he crossed the river with the whole of his army . Driving all before him by the immense majority of his forces , he compelled Ramorino ' s division to fall back upon the main body of the Piedmontese army , and Durando ' s division on the left towards , and perhaps beyond , the Po . He advanced without opposition as far as Mortara , where on the 23 d he found himself in front of Vercelli—that is to say , face to face with the reserve of th e Piedmontese army . By this bold march , Radetsky not only dispersed one Piedmontese division , and completely isolated adother division , but

      found himself nearer Turin than Charles Albert , while Charles Albert was nearer than he to Milan . His army remained intact , while that of Charles Albert was weakened by one-third . If Charle 9 Albert went in pursuit of Radetsky to give him battle between Milan and Pavia with the Ticino behind him , it would be a perilous undertaking ; one defeat would have involved the extermination of the Piedmontese army ; if Charles Albert had continued his march upon Milan , and left open the road to Turin , this would have been to give up his reserve , his reinforcements , all his resources , his king _, dom itself . Therefore , the Piedmontese army sud denly retrograded along the road by which he had

      advanced , returned from Magenta to Buffalora , from Buffalora to Trecate , from Trecate to Novara , to which tbe head-quarters were brought back on the 23 d . It appears that on the 23 d tbe Duke of Savoy marched from Vercelli upon Mortara , to try to drive the Austrians back , and give to the main body ofthe army time to move between Novara and Vercelli . In spite of the courage of the Piedmontese , in spite of the heoric valour of the Duke of Savoy , who had his clothes perforated by seventeen . bullets ,. such an en - gagement between forces so disproportioned could not have any other result than ve hat has er . sucd . On the following day , the 24 th , Radetsky left Mortara

      to * . * lace himself between Vercelli and Novara . He met the Piedmontese army , and then took place the battle , the disastrous issue of which has been made known . The Piedmontese army was beaten back towards Borgo-Manero and Bielle—that is to say , towards the sources of the Sesia . Radetsky occup ied Novara , Vercelli , and Trino—that is to say , he marched direct towards Turin . The diplomatic corps went out to meet him at Chivasso to require an armistice .. Thirty leagues of country and a victorious , army now separate the fragments ofthe Piedmontese forces . This is enough to prove that the campaign is at an end .

      The following is . from the correspondence of the Daily News ¦ — Turin , March 25 . —I have the painful task of announcing . to you the loss of the liberal cause in Italy , for such must be the consequence of the event known here only this day . The ministers here have at length acknowledged that for several days past their communications with the headquarters of the array have been interrupted . Annexed you will see the official bulletin , No . 9 , published this day —

      - N 8 W 8 of the War . —Not by letters , bht by trustworthy messengers , we learn that on the 23 rd inst ., at eleven a . m ., a great battle was fought before Novarra and in its neighbourhood . The fight lasted most obstinately till night . The king , his sons , and the armyj gave proofs- of extraordinary _valoar ; but , towards night , the superior numbers of men and cannon ou the side of the enemy prevailed , Oqt troops ' were unfortunately obliged to retreat , and in the morning ofthe 24 th left Nevarra , going in the direction of . Borgomanero . Great was the loss , both on our side and on that of the enemy . It is not known where the head-quarters are at present . The messengers sent yesterday and last night bavenot yet returned j other messengers have been expedited this morning . We hope soon to receive fresh information , and God grant it may be of a less disastrous purport . Citizens ,, the present

      France. The Trial Of The Republican Chie...

      moment is supreme . Continue to give proofs of _reference and affection for your country and for our iTberal institutions . The government feels he _eravity ofthe duties incumbent on it . and with the fid of the g enerous national guards it will know bow to fulfil tbem . . The Minister of the Interior , Ratazzi . ' _Td -mk , March 26 . -To . day the city is calmer than for the last few days . The announcement

      ( though not official ) of the departure of the Hon Mr . AWomby for the _head-q aartewo-Marshal Radetsky _, and that of Baron _Mamnena _,, the _eynd-c of Turin ; and that a truce ; of 48 hours , and an armistice of a week have been-the former certainly , and the latter probably-granted , has trauquilbsed tbe inhabitants to a certain extent , and at least al layed the fears entertained of a sudden irruption into the town of tbe Croat ? , whose very name

      inspires terror . . An * official statement of the events of the present short and disastrous campaign has just been pin _> lished here , signed Ratazzi , Minister of tbe Interior , dated Turin , March 26 . It begins thus- 'From the _head-q uarters of the army , whence no news had heen received for several days past , we have received to-day the following :- ' On the 23 rd inst ., a pitched battle was fought ; the troops were tired with long marches and countermarches , performed on the two preceding days , but the battle could not be deferred , as the enemy came on fo the assault . The line of battle _extended ftomBicesca , a small hamlet , or rather group of buildings , situated on the road to Mortara , as far as the canal lying a little behind the . small country-house called Corta Nuova , on the Vercelli road .

      The document goes on to describe the position of the different corps of the army . The 1 st Division , commanded by Gen Durando , forming the right wing . The 2 nd Division was next composed of the brigades of Casale , Aquiand , tbe Parmenese ( Casale , where the first brigade was formed , lies but few miles from the field . ) The 3 rd Division , composed of the Savona and Savoy brigades , was commanded by Gen . Perrone . The Savoy _vegimenta behaved best throughout the successive engagements . The King himself was at the head of the first , with the rank of colonel . The Duke of Genoa was behind , commanding the reserve division . The document

      then continues :-The Duke of Savoy supported the right wing with the brigades of Cuneo and that of the guards . He was at a short distance from Vercelli , on the low plains that extend beneath its walls _, and thence to the roads . At eleven , a ; m ., the Austrians began the attack at La _Bicoser—our extreme left—the engagement began at this point and soon extended all along the line . The Savona regiment , p laced in the first line , gave way , and the brigade of Savoy advanced to replace it . Soon _the-e two brigades together re-took the last position , and _advanced as far as the country-house called' _Lavincbi / on the left of the old buildings called « La Citad ' _ella . '

      At this moment the fire of the Austrians seemed to slacken on our left , and it , appeared that they directed all their efforts upon our centre at La Citadella , which was taken and re-taken several times by the brigades of the Casale , Aqui , and the Parmanese , commanded by Gen . Bes . Here the assault of the enemy was felt strongest on our left . The brigades of Savoy and . Savona commenced to give way , falling back upon La Bicesca . This last position was soon lost , and with it the fortune ofthe day . The Duke of Genoa , with the reserve , was sent

      to support it , but , though be fought most ¦ , bravely , had several horses killed under him , and was obliged to continue the fight on foot , all his efforts were fruitless . The Austrians then brought all their forces to bear on our centre . The action was _laottest on our right and centre , but our battalions falling hack one on the other , towards night we were obliged to retreat . The day was lost for us . The centre and right wing re-forming under the walls of the city , continued to resist . till night put a stop to tbe attacks of the enemy .

      March 27—The Duke of Savoy , the eldest son of Charles Albert was yesterday proclaimed here under the name of Victor Emanuel , and the troops in garrison took the oath of fealty in the presence of the Prince of _Cariguau , Lleutenant-General of the kingdom , as will also the _nalional guard . Probably the King himself will be present at this solemn but ( under existing circumstances ) sorrowful ceremony . His Majesty arrived here last night late , and was saluted by numerous ' vivas' on bis _alighting at the palace , where a crowd awaited his arrival not with _, standing the lateness of the hour ( half-past twelve ) . The _English and French ambassadors came back with him from the camp of Radetsky .

      An armistice bas been agreed on for an indefinite period , till a treat )* of peace between Piedmont and Austria can be arranged . Meanwhile the former is to pay a contribution of 100 millions of francs ( four millions sterling ) , and to place Alexandria in the hands of the Austrians as a guarantee for the payment and the observance of peace . Notice bas been published this morning of the sale of considerable extent oi forest land belonging to the crown , with a view , of course , to replenish the exhausted treasury of the ex-King , which his successor must have found empty .

      On the 27 th the new ministry entered on its functions . It is thus composed : _M-M . de Delaunay , Foreign Affairs ; Pinelli , Interior ; Cristiani , Justice ; Nigra , Finances ; Mamelli , Public Works ; La Bcrmida , War and Marine . Among tbe generals aud other officers killed around Charles Albert and his sons , were Generals Durando and Passalaqua , and General Duperron _, a _French officer , who commanded at Lyons under Louis Philippe . The last was mortally wounded , and died at Novarra , whither bia wife went to him , passing through tbe midst of the Austrians .

      The new King of Sardinia , Victor Emanuel , was born in 1820 . In 1842 he married the daughter of the Archduke Reyriier , the former Viceroy of Milan , who bad himself married the sister of _Chatles Albert , Thus the new King is cousin-gerroan to the ex-Emperor Ferdinand , first and second cousin to the present Emperor Francis Joseph . A Turin letter of the 26 th , in the National , says : — ' The army _hasjbeen completely beaten , thanks to the defection and cowardice of several regiments , who refused to take part in the battle . With a certain party this war was unpopular , and this party

      reckoned among its most ardent members several officers of the army . This influence has home its fruits , and it must be allowed that at the hottest moment of the fight the sauve qui peut was general with these regiments . It must at the same time he acknowledged that the troops which did engage with the Austrians performed _prodigies of valour . The brigades of Savoy , Aoste , and Pignerole , the mountaineers , in fact , were sublime in courage and energy . These unfortunate soldiers were decimated in contending against four times their number . Four generals and three colonels were left dead on the field .

      It is reported that General _Chrzanowsk y has comraitted _uuicide by blowing out bis brains . Armistice between the Piedmontese and Austrians . — Extraordinary Scene in the Chamber at Turin . — The following is a report of the sitting of the Sardinian Chamber of Deputies , which met on the night of the 27 th ult ,, at which tbe new ministers were present : —M . Bunico , Vice-president , read a letter from General Ramorino , complaining of having been unconstitutionally arrested by the national guard of Arona . As a' member of the chamber he claimed the benefit of his inviolability . The Minister of the Interior , M . Pinelli , next communicated to the assembly the following document ¦

      • Armistice concluded between his Majesty the King of Sardinia Victor Emanuel , and Field-Marshal Radetsky , ou the 26 th March , after the abdication of Charles Albert * . ' The King of Sardinia gives a solemn and positive assurance that he will conclude , as far as it may be consistent with bis honour , a treaty of peace on the following bases . Article 1 . The King oi Sardinia shall disband ten military , corps , composed of Hungarians , Poles , and Lombards , his majesty being at liberty to retain in his service any officer of those corps he pleases . Article 2 .. Count Radetsky shall apply to bis majesty tbe emperor to giant an entire amnesty to tbe Hungarian , Polish , and Lombard soldiers , subjects of his imperial majesty . Article 3 .

      The King of Sardinia allows 18 , 000 infantry and 2 , 000 cavalry to occupy the territory comprised between the Poi the Ticino , and Sesia , and one-half of the garrison of the fortress of Alexandria is to be formed of Austrian troops . ( Loud _murmura in the Assembly and the public galleries .. The president threatened to clear the latter , and M . Pinelli was enabled to continue . ) That occupation shall nowise interfere with the civil and judiciary adminittration of the . province of Novara . 3 , 000 Austrians shall compose one half of the garrison of the city and citadel of Alexandria , and as many Piedmontese soldiers the other half . The Austrians are to have a free communication between Alexandria andLomelhne , through Valenza . A mixed military com . _rnittee . shall be appointed to provide for the

      France. The Trial Of The Republican Chie...

      _* t the Austrian troops . The oarmaintenance rf _«* Au tr an y _^ dinian troops shall _evacuate the a-J . whicb _Pisces , «» d _TiiW . _tot » , tt _^ mumt previous to the war , did not neiong hi Article 4 . B being _impossible or _one-balf of tbe Austrian garrison of Alexandria to reach , b _> re three or four days , their admission into the _^ fortress shall be guaranteed by the Sardinian _jpwra « rt . Article 5 . The Sardinian fleet shall quit «« Adriatic , with all tbe steamers , within a delay oi fifteen days , and the Piedmontese , now at Venice , shall be ordered back to their own country within the same delay . Article 6- King Victor Emanuel promises to conclude a prompt and durable peace , and to reduce the army to the former peace standing . Article 7 . The King of Sardinia regards inviolable all the conditions above stipulated . Article _^ , -. Car

      8 . Both parties shall send plenipotentiaries to whatever city may be fixed , for the conclusion of a definite treaty of peace . Article 9 . The peace shall be concluded independently of the stipulations of the present armistice . Article 10 . If peace was not concluded , the cessation of the armistice shall be announced ten days previous to the resumption of hostilities . Article 11 . All prisoners of war shall be immediately returned by both parties . Article 12 . All the Austrians , who have already crossed the Sesia , shall re-enter the above-mentioned limits , ( Signed ) Cbbzanows ' ky . Radetsky .

      A long agitation followed this communication , and in the public galleries , cries of ' Down with the ministry' were uttered . —M . Piazza said that this armistice was of a piece with that of Solaseo ; and as respected the paragraph relative to tbe duchies , he formally protested against it , as representative of the duchy of Piacenza . —M . Lanaz denounced the armistice as the most humiliating act , and the conditions as the most dishonourable ever imposed on Italy , even in the days of her former bondage . II was ' an intolerable infamy—a shameful capitulation . The government _cauld not constitutionally undertake to pay tbe expenses of maintaining the Austrian

      garrison of Alexandria . That premature and impolitic armistice had compromised everything , even the retreat on the Appenines , the defence of Genoa , and the junction _with-Tuscftny , The chamber could not accept that infamous armistice ; the cabinet who presumed to ratify it should- be impeached . ( App lause . )—M . Tosti said he hoped that the traitor who recommended the armistice was not an Italian . He moved that the Chamber should sit permanently , and contrive means of obtaining positive intelligence from the seat of war . —M . Lanza then proposed that tbe . assembly should declare the armistice unconstitutional , and that the government who executed

      it should violate the fundamental compact . —M . Pinelli invited the chamber not to vote too hastily BUeh resolutions , and to wait until the facts were better known , for fear of exposing the country to complete ruin . ' The terms of the armistice besides , ' exclaimed tbe ministers , ' arenot of such a nature as to make us despair of the resurrection of Italy . ' ( Murmurs . ) The resolution moved by M . Lanza was then put from the chair and carried . —M . Tosti next proposed—1 st . That the chamber _shoiild declare itself en permanence ; 2 d , that the ministry be invited to procure all the information possible on the real state of affairs ; and 3 d , that the chamber should send a deputation to the king to acquaint him with tbe sentiments of the assembly , and know his

      royal intentions . The first and third paragrap hs of the proposition were alone adopted . The _a-sembly subsequently concurred in another resolution of M . Meltona to the following effect : — ' The chamber , being unwilling to sacrifice the honour of the nation , invites the government to concentrate all our forces under the walls of Alexandria , and , after proclaiming the country in danger , to call to Genoa all the able-bodied men capable of bearing arms . ' Tbe assembly likewise voted the following resolution , M . Ravina moved : — ' Should the ministry permit the Austrian forces to enter the citadel of Alex _, andria previous to the approval of tbe . armistice by parliament , or recal the Sardinian fleet from tbe Adriatic , it will be guilty of hi gh treason . ' Tbe chamber afterwards adjourned .

      Insurrection at Brescia . — Accounts from Lombardy state that an insurrection broke out at Brescia on the 23 rd ultM owing to the arrival of refugee Lombards from Switzerland . The governor of the citadel was made prisoner , and the officers who accompanied him shot . During the 23 rd and 24 th the fire of musketry and cannon resounded in the streets of . Brescia . The Austrian garrison still occupy the . citadel . REPORTED DISSOLUTION OF THE PIEDMONTESE

      CHAMBER OF DFPUTIES . ( From the Paris correspondent of the Times . ) Paris , Monday .--Considerable alarm ' for the maintenance of peace was felt in Paris during the early part of this day , in consequence of the very hostile attitude assumed by the Chamber of Deputies of Turin . Fortunately these fears have been allayed by the receipt of a telegraphic despatch , announcing ( as in fact had been anticipated ) that the Chamber of Deputies had been dissolved hy the King . NAPLES AND SICILY—The following describes the state of things in Palermo ( Sicily ) up to the 17 th ult : —

      * Words fail us , and our emotion is so great that we cannot describe what we have seen and observed , and taken part in . The country is in danger . The country baa sent forth an appeal to her children to defend her . What have you witnessed ? Princes , dukes , barons , counts , ministers ; judges , priests , monks , soldiers of the National Guard ,-women , children , the old and the halt , all assembled in the Piazza della Vittoria with spades , pickaxes , hammers , and every kind of instrument of maiming . And why was this prodigious number of people there assembled ? To _makefossss , barricades , forts , mines . Every one runs , every one flies to devote

      himself to his country ; nor is there any distinction of noble or plebeian , young or old , woman or man . Every one gives his work—his arm , his heart—his substance . Assembled yesterday morning , at six o ' clock , in the Piazza delta Vittoria , this prodigious number of people , amounting to more than 30 , 000 , and furnished with every instrument of masonry , walking through the Toledo in the most perfect order , divided in companies and battalions , carrying at the head of each it 3 banner , borne either by tbe ministers ot the altar or by citizens with musical bands . And here how is it possible to describe the emotion of the people , the acclamations of the

      women , and of those who thronged together in the balconies ? A general evviva ! ' resounded every _, where , intermingled with repeated imprecations on the tyrant ; and these sons of / Etna , in their enthusiasm for the salvation of their country , marched to the place pointed out to them by the engineers for the construction of defences . We cannot describe the imposing scenes which took place in the evening . The return of labour showed the true spirit of the Sicilian people . Tbe women marched to th ; sound of musical instiuments _, tbe men of all classes followed , singing the tremendous hymn , ' Delle pelle del Borboneil tamburo dobliam formar '

      ( of the skin of the Bourbon will we make our drum ) , until they arrived beneath the windows of the Minister of Foreign Affairs , when Ruggiero Settimo , the idol of Sicily , spoke patriotic words to the people . In the evening there was a general illumination ; and thus finished this greatest of de . monstrations—thus Palermo responded to the ultimatum of the infamous Ferdinand of Naples—of that Ferdinand ffho was not the legitimate sovereign of Sicily , by virtue of the 104 th article of the treaty of Vienna ; but possessed of the simple title only , as of Jerusalem . We await the moment of the rupture of the armistice , to make a slaughter of the Neapolitans—our only example to tyrants . '

      At Naples the Government has re-instituted a reign of terror . A number of the deputies of the late . Assembly have been arrested . Arrests of other parties to a considerable extent had also been made . Some reports carried their number to 12 , 000 in tbe capital and provinces . In the provinces thirty . four judges bad been displaced . The Neapolitan army is said to be averse to the war with- Sicily , and _nume . rous desertions have taken place . The Calabrias are stated to be in open revolt . On the 20 th ult . the Sicilian government pub . lished the following proclamation : —

      • Sicilians I . Tha shout of war to you is a cry of delight . Tbe day of the 29 th of March , on which hostilities with the despot of Naples are to recommence , will be hailed with the same welcome as that of the 12 th January , and with good reason , _became liberty can only be gained by the price of Wood . The peace which you were offered was ignominious . It destroyed at one blow every interest created by the Revolution . You have won the admiration if all Europe ? buuf you had been more forgetful of your rights and had _agaiu submitted to _^ _ibVlying des _^ tum of a yrant , what would that world have _£ « _hi ? r t n , thou 8 h _* ctory be no' _"rtain , _wmttHT _? IlgUi % immoI & te itMlf- Beft _« r , LL » _\|* _«* - » WBed in the flaming ruins of our country than t 0 exhibit to Europe the spectacle ofvite cowardice . Death J , preferable to 8 layery . » ut , no j we shall _conquer-we confide in the sa .

      France. The Trial Of The Republican Chie...

      j n * ' tire' of our cause ami in tbe ardour of our creu _u »<" S there . See the flaming desolation of _Medina War , then , is for us the symbol of ven . _eeance and of love . One city of Sicily alone _groan _Seethe yoke of the enemy of liberty . To arms to arms ! Then , there , we must conquer or die . ( _Sizned ) ' Ruggiero Settinio , _*¦ ° ' Prikcessb di Buffera , ' Vincenzo di Marco , < VlNCENZO EBRAMT , « Parguili Calvi , Gaetano Catalano , ' Mariano Stabile . < Palermo , March 20 , 18 i 9 . ' OFF C _1 AL AN NOUNCEMENT OF THE BLOCKADE OF SICILY . ~ _~^^ 7 ~ QMr cause and in the _ardoiTTfoTr _r . _TMi UW

      Paris , _WEDirESDAr .-Tbe Monileur contains the following notice .- The Minister of Agriculture and Commerce has addressed the following Circular , dated the 3 d ot April , to the Chambers of Commerce of our principal ports t- ' The government of . the Two Sicilies has notified to the Minister of the Republic at Naples , that the Gulf of Palermo has been placed in a state of siege and blockade by the naval forces of bis Sicilian Majesty ; This blockade will be put in execution from the first day of the present month . M . de Rayneval has been at the same time informed that the Neapolitan cruisers have received orders to watch all the coasts of Sicily , in order to prevent absolutely the introduction of arms and all matters fit for war . "

      SECRET TREATY BETWEEN AUSTRIA AND RUSSIA . It is said that a copy of a Secref Treaty between Austria and Russia has been discovered by the French Government .. The alleged treaty binds , it is said , these two Powers to make united head against the revolutionary movements in , Southern Europe .

      BELGIUM . We must warn our readers not to be hasty iu crediting every word of the following , which we take from tbe Morning Chronicle '!— « A conspiracy has been discovered at Brussels . The chief of tbe plot is a man named ¥ eyder , and it appears that it was at Arras that he recruited bis principal accomplices , and prepared his revolutionary plan . The plot was to have broken out on Sunday or Monday and coincide with an expected movement in Paris . Feyderand thirty of his accomplices were arrested , and important papers have been seized . The conspirators intended to put out the gas , pillage and burn the ministerial hotels , and in the confusion thereby created proclaim a provisional Republican government . '

      UNITED STATES . By the New World ' , Captain Knight , which arrived at Liverpool on Tuesday , we have New York papers to the 10 th ulfc . The most remarkable feature of these papers is a letter from Henry Clay , ontbesubjeet of negro emancipation in Kentucky . He declares unequivocally that the time bas come when a beginning must be made with a view to abolish negro slavery in the state . He proposes a plan by which he thinks this maybe safely accomplished .

      INDIA . DEFEAT OF THE SIKH ARMY . The mail of the 4 th of March from Bombay brings intelligence from , the theatre of war in the Punjab to the 21 st of February , on which day a battle was fought by the united forces of Lord Gough and General Whish , which ended in the complete rout of the Sikh army . Of this victory , however , no details have arrived by this mail , as the despatches ofthe Commander-in-Chief had not reached Bombay when tbe steamer left .

      The proceedings of Lord Gough up to the 10 th of February , were chiefly confined to the defence of the position which the British army occupied at Chilliamvallah . The Sikh forces , having received some addition to their numbers by the junction of Chuttur Singh , the father of their leader , Shere Siugb . took up positions to the right of Lord Gough ' s camp , a 3 if with an intention of outflanking the British . This movement led to the supposition that tho Sikhs contemplated an attack ; but _nothing of the kind took place . The enemy caused a good deal of annoyance to the grass-cutters and campfollowers ; but no serious encounter took place , for Lord Gough persisted in his plan of waiting for the arrival of the Bengal division under General WJiish , and ofthe Bombay column commanded by Brigadier : Dundas .

      During several days from the 6 th to the 12 th of February , various skirmishes took place , but no se _« _rieus encounter , as the British general continued to act on the defensive . Provisions were abundant in the British camp . On the 11 th , the Sikhs advanced to a village near the British camp , as if to bring on an engagement , and the whole line was turned out , but no fight took place . The Sikhs plundered the outward and in _« ward mails from the camp . A . proclamation was published by Sir Henry

      Lawrence , m the name of Dhuleep Singh , thc young Maharajah of Lahore , which promised _forgiveness for the past to all those who should retire to their homes , and threatened condign punishment to all who persisted in the rebellion . On the 12 th , the Sikhs , who during the late feigned attacks on Lord Gough ' s camp had found means to remove their heavy gunsfrom their intrenebments at _Russool , drew up their cavalry at the village of Coira , and under its cover struck their tents , and marched towards _Goojc-rat .

      On the 16 th Lord Gough marched from Supooree to Sudalpoor , a village about five miles from the Chenab ; while General Whish constructed a bridge of boats over __ the . Chenab at Hurreke Puttam , which facilitated his movement to join tho Commanderin-Chief . On the ISth , the troops were hastened towards the point at which they were to _" concentrate . The Bombay column , under Brigadier . Dundas , ai-rived at Rumnuggur , and on the 10 th marched to join Lord Gough .

      On the 20 th , the last preparations were made ( on the conflict , and on tho 21 st , Lord Gough attacked Shere Singh in bis position near Goojeiat , det ' eatci him on ail points , and routed the Sikh army . Shere Singh fled , leaving a great portion of his guns anil of his ammunition , as well a 3 his standing eamp , in possession of the victors , who were engaged in the pursuit of the dispersed Sikhs when tlie intelligence left . Thc news of this victory reached Bombay bv _express late at night of the 3 rd of March , and a Lloyal _salute was fired in its honour on the Hth , at one o ' clock in the afternoon .

      Ad00208

      THE EXTRA ordinary _pro'ienta of this medicine are tlni described by an emmen Tfovsieian , " who s ; iys > " After particular o /« _r jvation of tlie www o Parr ' s Pills , I am i ! c [ terniined , in '" '' oi * ini" » that the iollowuvi _M their true _pyejwvtU _!*' . — "First—They im _* roa = < the strength , whilst mi ' - -1 other medicines li : nv ; weakening effect \ _x \ _^ the system . Let : my on *

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), April 7, 1849, page 2, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns3_07041849/page/2/