On this page
- Departments (3)
-
Text (12)
-
^TO TOM MKimirC
-
¦ ' ~ yL"bw>s, Monday. * ' jly beloveclT...
-
Imperial fiarlfamtitL
-
HOUSE OF LORUS.-Mohd«, km, 3. Lord Broug...
-
/6 ^ yfe^ #a**l£& ^^y*
-
/6 ^ AND NATIONAL TRADES' JOURNAL.
-
VOL X. NO. 456. LONDON, SATURDAY, AUGUST...
-
NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF UNITED TRAD S FOR THE PROTECTION OF INDUSTRY.
-
The Central Committee met at their ollic...
-
MILITARY FLOGGING. v * Last night, Wjai^...
-
WILDERSPIN'PENSION {ORIGIN OP INFANT SCH...
-
NATIONAL VICTIM COMMITTEE. This body met...
Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
-
-
Transcript
-
Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
Additionally, when viewing full transcripts, extracted text may not be in the same order as the original document.
^To Tom Mkimirc
_^ TO _TOM _MKimirC
¦ ' ~ Yl"Bw>S, Monday. * ' Jly Beloveclt...
¦ ' ~ _yL"bw > s , Monday . * ' jly beloveclTriends _, —Mylieart _; _expanfls is I git , otro to write to you daring the time allowed for _jjjjjer . I have not ureak & sted yet , but I am full -f trbat I aw yesterday " upon the bleak "mountain _Jg . I saw THIRTY THOUSAND confirmed _rtjrfistSi some of v ? hom had travelled over thirty
_jales to renew their covenant ; and none could he _resen who had not come more than three miles , as . _AHevfas not a house ( with one exception ) -within _rtjt distance . 1 never saw more devotion to the T « jd ossein my life—I never saw such firm _enthuj - _ctn _ereninthe i midst of aur madness in 1839 . jvery thing now bears a more wholesome aspect than in tbe best days of Chartism . The new Chartist CRY is , _'Down with English _FCJAlTY and Irish
mxii . "We bave been interrupted in our proceedings up io tins time by tbe most brutal , savage , and uproarious conduct of Thomas Cooper , THE CHARTIST He will reply to every one , and interrupt every speaker , chairman and all ; uses the most beastly and insulting language , and his best endeavour to sow dissension between members who spoke freely of other members to him , when he was in Stafford prison .
Four o ' clock . —Cooper having denied the authority of the Convention , aud having insultingly Mused to appear before the Election Committee , has been unanimously _expelled the Convention ; asd I am just ahout to start for Bradford . Tuesday , 12 o'clock . — -What I now write can be confirmed by every man , woman and child in Bradford : so let no man suppose that I write what so many could contradict if not true . "When the train arrived at Bradford station I ' was Kterally astounded . I was prepared for a quiet tea party , hut to my
utter amazement I saw two hands waiting at tbe station , one of them most magnificently dressed , and a long line of carriages , with the streets crammed "Weproceeded in triumphant procession through the lows , and so large -was the concourse of working men when we arrived at the Temperance Hall , where tea was prepared , that I conld not forego the opportunity of addressing the multitude of industry which I saw before me . I spoke at great length , and the old principles are more lively than ever they were at Bradford . We had two meetings going on at the
same time , one in the Oddfellows HaU and the other at the Temperance HalL I was at the latter place , and in my whole life I never beheld a more magnificent spectacle . The place is very large and it was crammed by a respectable audience . Mr . M'Grath occupied the chair , and spoke in his % sual eloquent , pleasing and convincing strain . I addressed the meeting at great length npon the Charter and the Land , and the new position of political parties ; and I can truly say tbat the present popular hatred of Whigs and "Whiggery afford me some satisfaction for the tyranny that I and others hare
suffered at their hands . The resolution has been taken throughout the length and breadth of the land to fight the battle of constitutionality against tbe coalition of Whig finality , Irish place hunters , and newspaper corruption . I now learn , as itis avowedly confessed hy all , that the Land plan has saved Chartism , and revived it for the forthcoming struggle . Yon may rest assured , my friends , that all the machinery of Whig cruelly will he put into requisi tion once more , hut we are determined to meet it at the outset and assert our rights which were denied in 1839 , ' 40 , ' 41 , and ' 42 , by both Whigs
aud Tones . It would he quite impossible to convey to you the slig htest notion of fhe wise selection of delegates made by the Chartist body . Yon will see tbat we number nearly forty ; and bnt one mind appears to govern all , now that we have got rid of the madman . Cooper has heen bellowing at the door for a considerable time this morning , but we have appointed two resolute door keepers , and the shopkeepers in the neighbourhood bave threatened to hand" him over to the police if he continues to i
annoy them . He bellows like a mad bull . Before he was expelled , I challenged him to bring forward all his charges and that I would answer them . It now appears that he has been made the tool of a set of cowardly rascals who had not the courage to strike themselves—fellows who have been sucking me until tbey hoped I had no blood left . I have discovered snch a train of villainy heing hatched
here hy those vampires as would astonish yon ; bnt I willf beat them all , and perhaps may alter their position in society a hit . What think you of this ? A verv honest man holds twenty shares in the Nor thern Star . One of the conspirators , after trying io poison his mind for months , came to him and said , " Come with me to my lawyer , and he'll getjyou tout money . " " No , " said tbe man , " I don't want to waste anything in law . " « OH ! YOU SHAN'T
WASTE _ANYTHING ; MY LAWYER WILL SEE THAT ALL "RIGHT . " I mav now say one "word ahout a letter that appeared in the Star of Saturday last , a letter which should not have been published ; nor do I envy the feelings of the writer ; I mean the letter objecting to the return of Dr . M'Douall to the Chartist cause . I know not what motive could have dictated that letter , hut I may observe that there is this difference between the case of Dr . M'Douall and others which the writer ( of whose name I am ignorant ) does not
perceive . While all others who left us joined our enemies in bitter abuse of us , the Doctor never joined any other party , and never , by word or deed , tried to injure Chartism . And I ask what feeling conld have suggested the notion of criminality in receiving hack to our aid a zealous , enthusiastic , able young advocate of our principles when we require all the aid we can muster to fight united faction . I may now satisfy the writer ' s misgivings by
assuring him that the doctor has heen received with open arms by the Chartists of Lancashire and Yorkshire , and that while the _charge agaiust me has been driving men from the movement , I rejoice in tbe further accusation of encouraging those , who have seceded for a season , in again tendering their aid . I do sincerely trust that we shall have no renewal of the petty differences between the leaders of the people , by which the people are the principal sufferers .
Wednesday , 12 o'clock . —Last night we had one of the OLD MEETINGS at Huddersfield . You will remember that I gave the malcontents three full weeks' notice of my intention to give them a field dav at Huddersfield , when I would meet all charges that the slanderers had been for weeks so busily circulating . Meeting after meeting of the conspirators had been held for the purpose of getting up a case , while 1 had no communication with any mortal _livinjr . I used no exertion or even meaus to secure the attendance of those who might be considered
friendly to me . At eight o ' clock I arrived in Huddersfield accompanied hy Messrs . M'Grath and Clark , and was accompanied to the Philosophical Hall hy some of my old friends . I never was received more cordially in my life , nor was there ever a more splendid or triumphant meeting 5 it was , indeed , a crammer . I commenced by making proclamation for any accuser that had anything to charge against me in any shape whatever , hut the valiant slanderers , so brave in my absence ,
thought discretion the better part of valor and did not make their appearance . I spoke at great length , and "M'Grath and Clark , neither of whom had ever hefore been in Huddersfield , followed , and made most eloquent and telling speeches , to the great dclMit ofthe audience , who remained patient , attentive , and delighted . At the close an address , which will he found under the bead Huddersfield , was unanimously presented as au _auswer to my brave accusers ,
¦ ' ~ Yl"Bw>S, Monday. * ' Jly Beloveclt...
When the meeting was over the old Chartists assembled upon the platform and appointed a night for meeting to re-organize the National Charter Association , independently of the conspirators . I shall shortly be able to disclose a conspiracy to you which has heen concocted hy three worthies , sitting in conclave , and accounts of their own arrangements that wiU astonish you and them no less . These are the parties who have inflamed the mind of Cooper , hut some of their confidants have sp lit too soon , and have communicated the correspondence , and how the machinery was to be worked . Your faithful Friend and Servant , . Fkiegub O'Cosnor .
Imperial Fiarlfamtitl
Imperial fiarlfamtitL
House Of Lorus.-Mohd«, Km, 3. Lord Broug...
HOUSE OF LORUS .-Mohd « , km , 3 . Lord Brougham moved for & return of the pensions which had been granted since the year 1838 . He did not mean to offer any objection to the pensions which had been granted , as he believed they were all unobjectionable . They had been given generally . to scientific persons and to persons distinguished in literature . The last one which had been given he highly-approved of—tint to Mr . Wilderspin . However , it was historically incorrect to say that Mr . Wilderspin was the anthor of infant schools , " for they had previously been introduced by Mr . Owen of New Lanark . ( Hear . ) The Marquis of Laksdowhb observed , that the noble and learned lord opposite conld not at any period of his forensic career have put any witness
into the box more lolly-prepared than be was to confirm the statement which tbe house had just heard . He concurred in all tbat had been said in approval of the labours of Mr . Wilder-spin ; bnt he , also went along with the noble and Iearnedlord when hestatrd that Mr . Robert Owen was the founder ofall infant schools . He always had considered Mr . Owen to have been the founder of those schools , although no one contributed more to their extension than did Mr . Wilderepin . The names of Wilderspin and Oberlin would long be gratefully remembered in connexion with those schools . He had himself seen the system as promoted by Mr . Wilderspin at full work in Dublin , and he was able to testify most unequivocally to its beneficial results . Mr . Wilderspin ' _s merits were of a high order , although the design of those schools originated with Mr- Owen .
The Marquis of _Liksdowhe moved tho second read ing ofthe Wash-houses Bill for England and Wales . It was one though humble in name , was nevertheless entitled to considerable respect . There were already established several wash-houses for the benefit of the poor , namely , two in London and one in Liverpool , which produced the best affects . ' In London , there was one in Glasshouse-yard , in the City , and one in Euston-square , where the small charge of three-halfpence a head was found sufficiently remunerative . The expense of the bath in Glasshouse yard was £ 237 , while the number of persons who visited it was 60 , 000 t > and the amount of profits , £ 34 * 7 , or a sum yielding very nearly 31 per cent . The bill did not propose to interfere with tiie rights of private individuals , but to empower corporations and commissioners of cities and towns to build them for the benefit of the poor . The "Bill was read a second time . The Small Debts Bill went through committee .
HOUS OF COMMONS . —Mootat , Aug . 3
_MILITARY FLOGGING . Dr . Bowbixg said , Sir , it is my earnest and anxious hope , that after the inquiries that had been made , the noble lord at the head of her Majesty ' s Ministers , may not be unwilling to state to the house , on or before Friday next , what are the intentions of her Majesty ' s Government with regard to military puuiBbment , especially with a view to the abolition of military flogging —( hear , hear)—and I beg to give notice that I shall bring forward my motion in reference to . "that subject on Friday , on going into Committee of Supply . At the same time I wish to state , that to-morrow I shall ask the Government whether they are acquainted with the fact that flogging has been introduced on a very large scale in the island of Hong Eong , and that on the 5 th of April last , no less than fifty-four individuals were flogged for a violation of the police regulations , and after having been so flogged , were dehvered over for a second punishment to the Chinese authorities .
MILLBANK PRISON . Mr . T . S . Duscoube wished to ask a question , in consequence of some observations that had been made a few evenings ago respecting Millbank Prison . He wished to ask the right hon . baronet , the Secretary of the Home Department , whether he would have any objection to lay the report respecting that institution on the table ofthe house ? aud also he _wished to ask why it was , that in the tenth annual report of the Inspector of Prisons , Millbank Prison was specially left out . Sir George Grey said , that the report which ho bad by him was not a final one . As soon as he received the final report he would lay it upon the table of the house . In answer to a question by Sir Du Lacy Evans ,
Viscount _Morputh said he had received her Majesty ' s gracious commands , that the Birdcage walk should be thrown open to the public during the recess , but that the gates should be shut at different periods . They would , however , be kept open at nigbt in future , the same as when Parliament was sitting .
IMPROVEMENTS IN IRELAND . Sir Hexht W . Bassos , in pursuance of notice given oa a previous evening , begged to ask the right honourable gentleman the Chancellor of the Exchequer , how much money was now applicable as advances to private individuals or others carrying on improvements in Ireland . The _C'lA-vcELLOK of the Exchequer said that £ 50 , 000 had been voted under the Public Works Act , and in the course of the ensuing week he hoped to be able to lay upon the table of the house papers connected with the expenditure oi the different
sums . Sir Hesrt W . _Bakros said he also desired to ask if it were intended toapply to Parliamentforany means of employing the people on public works during the next winter . He implored the serious attention of the Government to this subject , having received most authentic information from well-informed sources that a large portion of tbe potato crop was already destroyed beyond all powers of redemption . The _Chasciolor ol the Exchequer feared that tbe statement was too true as to the failure of the crop of potatoes , but . from the best imformation received by Government , he assured the hon . baronet tliat there was a sufficiency of food in private bands to meet tbe wants of Ireland for months , and Government would adopt the most judicial practical measures to meet any emergency .
Mr . Duncombe said that it would tend very much towards allaying publie excitement and public anxiety if the noble lord at the head of the Treasury now stated what alterations were _intended to be made by Government and tne Commander-in-Chief with respect to tbe infliction of corporal punishment in the army . He asked the noble lord the question because he believed it was very generally understood that some recent determination had been come to on the subject , and it would be more satifactory ii the noble lord would then state its purport . "Lord Jonx Russell observed tbat the result ofthe recent deliberations connected with the important subject brought under the notice of thc house would be ready for communication to tbe house on Friday , wheu he would be prepared to state what was the _decision ofthe Commander-in-Chief .
'flic Noble Lord , in reply to Mr . S . Crawford , said that the Government bad come to the opinion that it would not be advisable to bring forward , this session , a Bill cither for the permanent or temporary compensation to tenants in Ireland , on account ol thedifficuity of the subject . But at the very commencement of the next session the Government would be prepared to introduce a Bill framed after mature consideration . His Lordship also in answer to a question from Lord Clive . stated that should thc St . Asaph ,
Bangor , and Manchester Dioceses' Bill pressed , he should oppose it ; although , in deference to the _ojmiion of the House of Lords . and the Bench 0 Bishops , the Government were disposed to give tinsubject the best consideration , not wilh the view , certainly , of agreeing to the Bill in its present shape , but of deciding the question with reference to the siatcoftheparishedand boundaries of the dioceses . Lord Cuve _, upon the assurance that Ministers , would , during the recess , deliberate attentively on the subject , withdrew the Bill .
The resolutions agreed to in Committee on Ways and Means , for the future scale ol sugar duties , were _iejiortcd _/ ahd a Bill founded thereon ordered to be hro ' . ght in . On the order of tbe day for going into Committee of Supply , Captain _Latard moved an address to the Queen , pray lug Her Majesty to direct inquiry to be made ,
House Of Lorus.-Mohd«, Km, 3. Lord Broug...
how far the reduction ofthe period of _serrice in the army from the present unlimited term would tend to procure a better class of recruits , diminishdesertion , and thus add to the efficiency of the _servic » _f The Hon Member recommended ten years as the period of service . Mr . Fox Mavlh said , the Government were not indisposed to consider the question of enlistment for life , although it was one of a very grave and dangerous nature . At the present time we required io have 24 , 000 soldiers in the East Indies , and 31 , 000 in tbe colonies generally—making a total of 55 , 000 on foreign service . That force left this country for a period of foreign service of , on the average , fifteen or sixteen years . If , then , they had limited enlistment to ten years , they would , after the expiration of that time , have had to change the whole , of these men once and a half . Was that an expense on wjprich Honourable Gentlemen were prepared at once to embark ?
Mr , Hume assured the Secretary-at-War that if the adoption ofthe ten years ' service would effect desirable reforms , he would eheerfully consent to double the estimates required for that purpose . Sir De Lacy Evans , Mr . Osborne , Mr . Bcrnal , Mr . _Wifliamg , Col . T . Wood , and Col . Sibthorp , took part in the discussion that ' followed , and ultimately Captain Layard withdrew his motion . Mr , Hume moved a resolution to the effect;—That in the opinion of tbe house , and according to the correspondence laid before it relative to the proceedings in the island of Malta during the Carnival holidays in February last , the conduct ofthe Governor and ofthe Magistrates acting nnder his orders , in tbe interference trith the usages of the inhabitants , and their guaranteed right _* and privileges , was contrary to the principles of civil and religious liberty .
The foundation ofthe charge was , tbat tbe Governor had refused to sanction the usage of making on ° a Sunday during the Carnival . Mr . Hawxp , Mr . C . _Woon , and Mr . Fox Maule resisted the motion , which was supported by Dr . Bowring , Mr . V . Smith , Mr . Ewart , and Mr . B . Escott . The house divided—For the Resolution 12 Againstit 50
Majority against the motion ... 38 After a speech from Mr . Williams , the house at length got into Committee of Supply at half-past twelve o ' cloek , and the remaining army votes were agreed ta Some bills on the table were forwarded a stage , and others were postponed . - The Sugar Duties' Bill was brought in and " read a first time . HOUSE OF LORDS , —Tukbdat , Aug . 4 The Lord Chahckllor took his seat on the Woolsack at 5 o ' clock .
ECCLESIASTICAL PATRONAGE AND BURIAL SERVICE BILLS . On the motion of the Bisliop of London , these hills were read a second time . ART-UNIONS BILL . On the motion of Lord Monteagle , this bill was read a second time .
THE BISHOP OF EXETER AND THE DUKE OF SOMERSET . The Earl of Radnou entered into explanations relative to the charge of breach of faith recently made by the Bishop of Exeter , against the Duke of Somerset , in reference to the Rev . Mr . Shore and the chapel at Bridgtown . The Bishop of Bath and Wells , on the part of the Bishop of Exeter , who was absent , read a corresf _. pondence between the Bishop of Exeter , the Earl of Radnor and Lord Seymour . On the motion of the Marquis of Lansdowne , the Joint-stock Banks ( Scotland ) Bill was read a first time , after a . remonstrance from the Earl of _Eglintonand Lord Kinnaird against pressing forward such a measure this session , and contrary to the desire oi the Scottish people . The second reading was set down for Thursday .
The Irish Marriage Act Amendment Bill was read a second time . - The Baths and Wash-houses Bill passed through committee . Earl _Gbet gave notice that , on Thursday , he would move the second reading ofthe Poor Removal
Bill . Lord Beaumont gave notice that , on Tuesday next , he should move for copies of correspondence that had passed ' between the Government of this country and the Courts of Vienna , Berlin , and St . Petersburgh , relative to certain events which had taken place at Cracow , in violation of the treaty of Vienna , HOUSE OF COMMONS .-Toesday , Auo . 4 .
MILLBANK PENITENTIARY . Mr . T . S . Duncombe presented a petition from Edward Baker , who set forth that he had sometime since petitioned the house and memorialised tbe Secretary of State , complaining of the cruelty and mode of treatment practised in the prison at Millbank . A report had been made upon the subject which had been printed by order of the house . Tke petitioner asserted that tbe report had been made after an _investigation secretly conducted within the walls of the prison , and in the absence of the petitioner , who assured the house , that it was in mamparts absolutely false—tbat facts were distorted in it , and the truth suppressed . . That notwithstanding the governor ' s denial , tbe petitioner again asserted
that prisoners had been closely aud illegally imprisoned and kept upon bread and water , some for three days , and some even for so many as eighteen days in tbe month . That many had been so put upon bread and water , and that twenty persons had attempted or committed suicide in consequence of the cruel conduct of the governor , and that tho state ot the prison afforded a strong and melancholy contrast to that which it had presented during the last twenty years . The petitioner furthar stated . that several persona in a dying state had been removed from the prison to Woolwich , where every second man of them had since died , and that tbe object of so removing them when in that condition was to prevent inquiry and the consequent exposure ofthe conduct of the prison . And further , that ne account had been rendered to
the Secretary of State of the fines imposed upon the officers within the prison , who were obliged to give receipts for their full amount of pay , and thc deductions consequently did net appear . The petitioner concluded by praying that the house would order a thorough inquiry into thc cruelties , the deaths , thc attempted suicides , and the lines upon the prison ofiieers , and also how far the inspectors had done their duty in allowing those irregularities to exist without having reported upon them . The petitioner said he was prepared to prove all thc charges he had made , and he prayed further that if sucb an inquiry as he sought for were granted , all the witnesses be might call for should be protected . Tbe honourable member concluded by giving notice that he should move to-morrow that the petition be printed with the votes .
Lord J . Russell presented a petition from the booksellers , camplaining of the effects ofa clause introduced into several railway bills which enabled thc directors _^ to open parcels and charge separately for their contents' nnd praying that it might be amended , the effects being most injurious to their trade .
FLOGGING IN HONG KONG . Dr . Eowhing rose in pursuance of notice , to ask whether the attention of the government had heen called to the frequent application of flogging _a-s a punishment for petty offences in the island of Hong Hong , it being stated tliat no less than 5 i persons were so punished on Saturday , the 25 th of April last _, for not having obtained tickets of registration ; and after such infliction were delivered over to the Chinese authorities , Co be subjected to further penalties under the criminal code of that empire . The hon . member said it was stated in the Hong Kong papers that flogging was habitually practised there . For the most trifling offences ihc Chinese were sentenced to he _scourged , and the people of tho
country were impressed with the notion tbat wc were a very cruel people . On the 25 th of April a Chinese was accused oi robbery , and having been followed by some officers into an adjacent village , the natives throw _stonesat the officers , and succeeded in rescuing him . The consequence wasa ueneral arrest of the whole ofthe male inhabitants of the colony , and no less than 54 ou beinjc found without thc letters of license from the authorities were publicly flogged _, _fhese persons were then delivered up to the Chinese . Hitlioritifis of the neighbouring districts , aud for the offence of leaving their owu country , tliey endured a second infliction , lie wished to know whether tbe lion , gentleman the Under-Secretary lor thc Colonic ? was _cojniizauttjf the facts ?
Mr . Hawks said no accounts of what the hon . gentleman referred to had been received by the government . The only punishment which the magistrate ' could inflict under thc Registry Act was a pecuniary fine , or , in the event of the fine not being paid , imprisonment with hard labour . The attention ol the noble loid at the head of Ihe Colonial Department would be directed lo the matter , and tho most searching inquiries would be made .
House Of Lorus.-Mohd«, Km, 3. Lord Broug...
BUSINESS OF THE HOUSE .- MORNING ¦ v _^ y ¦ _SITTINGS . _-, "v '; : _"•?¦ . Lord JeH » " _* _tossB * aflaid * thatfroM the 2 nd of Jury last year- the Abuse , met each day at twelve o'clock for the transaction bf public business . He did not mean io _propero that such an arrangement should honieinto effect this' week ' , but he intended moving that alter _^ he present week they should meet each day at twelve o ' clock to dispatch public business ,
THE TOBACCO DUTIES . ! Dr * _£° w * n « said that he felt some regret to be compelled , by a sense 0 f duty ,, again to call , the attention of the House to that legislation which regarded the introduction of Tobacco into this kingdom . He tookioccasion some time ago to show , to the House , by . what he considered important facts and figures , and by irresistible statistical , evidence , theevilresults of the duties on tobacco . Upon a previous occasionhe had shown the immense increase which had taken place i _» i the United Kingdom iii the number of _feixureg in consequence of the degrading effects of _tfe | i « nicious . duties on tobacco alluded to , and the > innumerable evils and cruelties which had _ansett from the game unhappy source . He
would venture to call upon ; the Right Honourable Baronet the Home Secretary to look around him , and see _theitate of the law on this subject . Let him inquire w _^ r _euch enormous multitudes of people were Droupht before the magistrates , crowded into prisons , with heavy charges upon the public , in order to carry , outtieir _puishment . _Thm ,-Km ' inflicted a great hardship on innocent individt fab _/ ne knew that moat . respectable persons , most unimpeachable in character , living in Norwich purchased a cask of tobacco / stipulating a price for a particular qualitj , as the _Exciseknew and acknowledged . The cask was received , the seal was broken , and the cask opened , when the tobacco , was discovered to be ofa mixed quality . The case was carried
into court and the Magistrates decided that legal possession could not fix the purchasers with damages ; but this decision was overturned afterwards , and the purchasers were fined in the limited sum of £ 50 Such proceedings were a great hardship . The hon . and learned member concluded by moving— "That the state of the tobacco duties required the revision of Parliament , with a view to their early reduction . " The Chancbllor of the _Exchequer admitted the existence of many of the evils complained of , but said that in the present state ofthe revenue , he was not prepared , on behalf of the Government , to agree to the motion . He could , however , assure the hon . and learned member and the house that the subject should receive the earnest consideration of the Government .
An hon . member moved that the house be counted and there being only thirty-five members present , the house adjourned at a quarter before six . HOUSE OF COMMONS , _WurnnDAT _, August 5 , Mr . Mackinnon , in moving the second reading of the Public Cemetries Bill , described the objects which it was intended to accomplish , and the machinery bj which those objects were to be attained , The expense which must be incurred in carrying this bill into effect would not exceed 3 d . per head per annum , and he proposed to defray it by making a small addition to the poor-rates . As this subject
ouglit to be taken out of his hands by the Govern : ment , he proposed to read his bill a second time now , pro formti , in the hopes that in the next session the Government would found upon it a satisfactory measure . ' Sir G " . GnEY hoped that Mr . Mackinnon , who was entitled to great credit for the pains which he had taken upon this important subject , would not call upon the house to pledge itself to the principles of his measure , but would leave the matter in the hands of Government , with the assurance that they would give to it the most anxious consideration . ¦
Mr . _Mackinnon assented to the suggestion and withdrew his motion . Several bills were then advanced a stage . On . the motion of . the Chancellor of the Exchequer , the Sugar Duties ( No . 3 ) Bill was read a second time . Loan Morpeth moved for leave to bring in a bill to empower the Commissioners of "Her Majesty ' s Woods to sell , on certain conditions , sites for dwellings for the poor , out of the hereditary estates of the Crown ; and on another bill , empowering the Commissioners of Her Majesty's Woods to sell , on certain conditions , sites tor dwellings for the poor , out of lands vested in them under actsf or thc improvement of the metropolis . The Earl of Lincoln considered .. the . object ofthe noble lovd to be most legitimate , but contended that it should be obtained in a legitimate mode by grants of money .
After a few words from Mr . Hume , Sir R . _Inqlif , and Mr , Henley , the hills were brought in and read a first time . _ Lord Morpeth also obtained leave to bring in a bill to enable the Privy Council to make regulations for the prevention of contagious disorders , and for the more speedy removal of nuisances . The other orders ofthe day were then disposed of , and the house adjourned at 6 o ' clock . HOUSE OF LORDS , Thursoay , Aug . 6 . The Irish Marriage Act Amendment Bill passed through committee . On the motion of the Lord Chancellor , thc Small Debts' Bill was read a third time and passed , The Joint-Stock Banks ( Scotland and Ireland ] Bill was read a second time . On the motion of Earl Grey , the Australian Waste Lands' Bill was read a second time .
POOR LAW REMOVAL BILL . Earl Grey moved the second reading of the Poor Removal Bill . The Duke of Richmond urged its postponement . If the law of settlement wns to be altered , why was the law of removal touched until the whole question underwent due consideration ? He disliked this sort of patchwork legislation . The present measure , if passsd into a law , would only give the magistrates needless trouble , and would afford no relief to the poor . It was said that this was one of the great boons given to the agricultural interest fur the Com Bill , and tbe boon was , that a party living five years in one parish—which , by-the-bye , would be difficult to prove—was not to be removed , forsooth !
The Marquis of Salisbury and the Earl of Winchelsea recommended the postponement of the Bill . Lord Redcsdale , the Earl of St . Germans , Lord Beaumont , the Lord Chancellor , the Marquis of Lansdowne , and other noblo Lords supported it . The Bill was read a second time . HOUSE OF COMMONS . —TuunsDAY , August C . Mi * . T . Duncombe presented a petition from Thomas Mitcliam , a letter-carrier , complaining ot the hardship of being dismissed __ from the Postoffice in constquence of having given evidence before Mr . Peacock , the solicitor to tbat establishment , and praying for inquiry . Sir J . C . HouiiousB presented a petition from Nottingham , complaining of the practice of flogging iu the army , and praying the House to take the subject into consideration .
Mr . IIumb moved for a return of the number ol floggings that had taken place in the army during the past year .
RELIGIOUS OPINIONS RELIEF BILL . Lord Join Russell moved the order of the _daj for reading thc Religious Opinions Relief Bill a second time . Mr . Estcourt opposed the measure , and moved as an amendment that it be read a second time that day six months . After considerable discussion the amendment was lost on a division , by a majority of 10 to 10 . The Bill was then read a second time , and ordered to be committed . *
SUGAR DUTIES . The Ilouse went into Committee on the Sugar Duties Bill , and the several clauses having been agreed to , tlie house resumed . Several other bills were advanced a stage , and thc house adjourned . HOUSE OF LORDS .-Fbiday , Aug . 7 . The Royal Assent was given by commission to some official and several Railway Bills . The Citations' ( Ireland ) Bill and tho Books and Engravings' Bill were rc . id . a- second time . Tiie Joint-stock Banks ( Scotland and Ireland ) Bill passed through committee . Tlie Baths- and Wash-houses Bill and the Art Unions' Bill were read a third time and passed . Their Lordships adjourned to Monday . HOUSE OF _COMMONS—Fiuday , August 7 . The report on the Sugar Duties Bill was received , and the third reading fixed for this day _.
MILITARY FLOGGING . Upon moving tho order ot the day , Lord John _Russell , in anticipation of Dr . Bowling ' s motion for the" abolition of flogging in the army , said tliat he was prepared to make known the result of the ( _lelibciiitions of the Cabinet with the Duko ol Wellington upou a subject respecting which public opinion was so much agitated , ilia Lordship said ho had no wish to claim the credit of the ameliorations in the military code which hail been determined upon : neither did he desire , on the
House Of Lorus.-Mohd«, Km, 3. Lord Broug...
n _I !& fe _& H ? ( to ? the responsibility . The Duk _^ of Wellington had not thought it right to abolish corporal punishment in the army j and the _Government concurred with him in deeming it righfr to stop at thehmit proposed by his Grace . By the present _MjjalatioM no offender , convicted by a general or garrison court-martial , could suffer a greater punishment than 200 lashes ; a district court-martial could inflict 150 lashes ; and a regimental courtmartial 100 . The Duke of Wellington , baring considered the subject , had determined to issue regulations by which no court-martial would havo the power to inflict more than " fifty" lashes , with special directions , that" the condition of health oi the offender shall be ascertained to be sufficiently robust to bear the punishment inflicted without its bcine
dangerous to life ; and taking such other precautions about the weather and other accidental circumstances so as to guard against danger . His Lordship then appealed to Dr . Bowring whether , as the government bad thus mitigated the punishment down to the lowest point which they deemed safe and necessary to maintain the discipline of the army , the hon . member would not withdraw his motion . Dr . Bowring haying expressed dissent , the noble lord then expatiated on the paramount necessity of _preserving discipline . in the army , citing the various authorities in Bupport of corporal punishment which have been so repeatedly appealed to , especially the report of the Commission appointed in 1835 . His lordship added that his own views were in favour of elevating the condition ofthe soldier , and he instanced with great satisfaction his own
efforts , whilst at the head of Chelsea Hospital . He said that flogging in the army had greatly declined _of-ljite 1 years , corporal punishment being only I in 100 men . He trusted that by the system of military prisons now coming into _operation , of rewards , increased pay , and the commissions given to private soldiers , that the condition of the soldier would be raised so as to render corporal , _pumehment unnecessary . The house ought not , at this late period of the session , to step in to abolish a system , which had endured bo long , merely in consequence of the excitement created by the late unfortunate case . His Lordship concluded by passing a high eulogium upon the Duko of Wellington , and entreated the house to rely upon his judgment in a matter upon which his experience go eminently qualified him to form a correct judgment .
Dr . BowniKa then rose for the purpose of moving the total abolition of corporal punishment in the army . The hon . member with great good taste and judgment alluded to the late distressing case at Hounslow ,. and said that Government ought not to delay the total abolition a single day . Necessitj was their sole plea , hy which plea Torquemada had justified the Inquisition , and Charles IX . the massacre of Sti Bartholomew . The hon . member cited Dr . Fenmsson , to prove that even 12 lashes might affect life ; read , with prodigious effect , a number of authentic statements of various excessive floggings which had terminated fatally , and in which the severity of the punishment had in its consequences been disproportionate to the offence , One man had , at different times , received 15 , 000 lashes . The evidence of Colonel Slade , who boasted that 50 lashes such as were administered under his
superintendence , were equal to 1 , 000 lashes of whips and cats , particularly excited the indignation of the house : The lash ought not to be placed in the hands of an executioner who had , at his discretion , the power to increase or diminish the punishment . The honourable member stated that which was repeated by several members during the debate , that the result of torture is a matter of calculation , and depends on the constitution , which differs in every individual , and is In proportion to his strength and sensibility . " The _fonre of the muscles and the sensibility of the nerves being given , it is required to find the degree of pain necessary to Inflict torture without depriving him of life . " Men , by the lash , have been put to death , who were not condemned to death . The demoralising effect of flogging a lump of dead flesh was only equal to its cruelty ..
Mr . H . Bbbkblby supported the motion , and was followed by Colonel Peel , who insisted that until , the army was elevated in a moral point of view , itwas impossible to abolish coporal punishment . Ile entered into a long defence of Colonel Whyte , who , he contended , had been unjustly attacked . Mr . Williams made a long and able speech in favour of the immediate abolition of flogging . Captain _Layaru spoke at great length in favour of the motion , contending the proper remedy was an improvement in the mode of enlistment .
Mr . Neville and Colonel Reid , the members for Windsor , spoke at considerable length on the great advantage of improving the condition of the soldier . Captain _Beunal Osbornb thought the experiment might be made on the household troops to abolish flogging . Thc hon . member plunged into a long historical argument respecting flogging in the army , exhibiting considerable research ; although his own amendment , of which he had given notice , was to the effect of preserving the power of inflicting fifty lashes on a march , or in case of mutiny or theft , he should support Dr . Bowring's motion .
Mr . Fox Maule expressed his surprise tbat Mr . Osborne , after an argumentative speech in favour of _retaining the power of inflicting fifty lashes , should vote for the motion . The right hon . Gentleman thon went over the same ground as Lord John Russell , suggesting the propriety of giving higher rewards to the soldier , and that while you retain the power of inflicting corporal punishment , it may remain dormant , so that at no distant period flogging may be unknown in the British army . Sir Charles Napier said that it was impossible to maintain dsscipline in the army and navy without flogging , and quoted a case wherein the soldiers in the Peninsula , having deserted their officers , where recalled to their duty by the Duke of Wellington ordering two men to be hanged by the Provost Marshal on the spot .
Mr . Wakley then rose , and in a very effective speech vindicated his conduct at the late inquiry at Ilonnslow . Ho cited several cases to Blvaw that accidents to the skin , often slight , produced diseases of the pleura , and death , and that no medical science could pronounce upon the degree of punishment which human life could sustain under the lash . Mr . _ChaveiT Berkeley having impeached Mr . Wakley ' s conduct on thc inquest , that gentleman defended himself for having excluded the medical gentlemen , inasmuch as they had previoulsy given their evidence upon an insufficient post mortem examination . Mr . Charles Buller defended tlw regulations of the Horse Guards , and repudiated thc imputation that they would not bo carried out in the spirit in which they were conceived .
Mr . GouLBuns was anxious to see thc _morale of the army improved . Mr . BiiiGnT spoke in favour of Dr . Bowring ' s motion , and lYfr . Humk expressed his satisfaction at the improved tone of the debate on this subject . Colonel Sibthorp and Colonel Wood defended the system of flogging , and Jlr . _Curtkis spoke strongly in its condemnation . The House then
divided—For Dr . _Bowiuno ' s motion 37 Against it 90 Majority against the abolition of flogging—53 Mr . Osborne then moved his amendment , limiting corporal punishment . in the army to fifty lashes for offences committed on the line of march , mutiny , or theft , upon which the house divided , when there appeared—For Mr . Osborne's motion 25 Againstit 81 Majority 50 Mr . Escott having postponed his motion ou the subject till Monday , the house then adjourned ,
/6 ^ Yfe^ #A**L£& ^^Y*
/ _6 _^ _yfe _^ _# _a _** l _£ _& _^^ y _*
/6 ^ And National Trades' Journal.
AND NATIONAL TRADES' JOURNAL .
Vol X. No. 456. London, Saturday, August...
VOL X . NO . 456 . LONDON , SATURDAY , AUGUST ¦ «; 1846 . ~~ _~^~ ** s _^^ J " ' ¦ _" _'' ' _; - _gtT « Shilling * and Sixpence per Quarter '
National Association Of United Trad S For The Protection Of Industry.
NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF UNITED TRAD S FOR THE PROTECTION OF INDUSTRY .
The Central Committee Met At Their Ollic...
The Central Committee met at their ollice , 30 , llv / _le-strcet , Bloomsbury , on Monday , August 3 ; T . S . Duncombe , M . P ., in the chair . As usual , a voluminous mass of correspondence from all parts of the United Kingdom was read by the Secretary , and a deal of business was transacted . The Committee , in accordance with the expressed wish of thc late Conference , have resolved , on sending a missionary to every town in tho United Kingdom lo expound the principles and practices ofthe
Association ; Mr William Robson is appointed Missionary . Mr . — Felkin , from the frame-work knitters , attended and submitted tho depressed condition of that trade , and the gross injustice practised on thc operatives , his statement was listened to with great attention , and excited the _sympathy ofall present ; the Committee requested Mr . Felkin to convey tho expression of their sincere sympathy to his trade , and at the same time , to inquire of thc frame-smiths , if they are disposed to send in tenders for suitable frames , with a view to the employment of the much oppressed , _frame-worl knitter * .
Military Flogging. V * Last Night, Wjai^...
MILITARY FLOGGING . v _* Last night , _Wjai _^ _ewMrkftathi _^ _WhigB triumphed v n i ? _—W _* _tf n _»» itary _, aogging by defeat-A 1 '• BowBn ? ' s "solution ' for ' the-total abolition of- torture by the cat ; 6 ' ' nine tiiis / _IW _^ tiifiaionV ™ _WP _W _$ ; _"Ht _$ ; . _n _^ it r flO ; ST ? i dont « ua _< ice of torture by the Engbsh knout . 53 . _Noxt week we shall have our say on this question ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦¦ " _" _" ,
. - < r . ; _, We think that the _Chartufcought'to tafceiip this . question . _Itwa Sain 8 ttnem M : _- _^ . _^^ ek _ mg theirnghts that the ¦ _oldiery _. are employed . The poor soldiers , belonging themselves to the working class , are made , at the Word of command , to shoot ; stab , and destroy their own brothers and _txitiM Would it . not be well to prove to .. the , soI _$ _<( r | ' . _^ _fit their only real friends Are the men of ttieiryown order ; that while the aristocracy are determined to
uphold the the system of tearing the flesh _from their'backs , ' aiid dooming them io _^ death 1 by ' * mode of torture worthy of the miscreant , Nicholas , the people , the working men , the \ _-Cfartists _, are , those who desire to see an end put td ; this abo minable system , and are determined to" _accomplish that end ? . ' .. ' .. ' ' . , '¦ _•' . ¦' . ' _.. _V'J We believe that on the day of the great Demonstration at . O'Connorville , a public meeting will take place on the people ' s own land '; we knb ' wntofc what business the committee purpose ' to have _"brought
before the meeting , but we offer for their consideration the suggestion , that brie part of the business should be the adoption of a petition for the total and immediate abolition ef flogging in the army and navy . ; At the moment we write this ( Saturday morning ) we have no . opportunity of consulting Mr , O'Connor astd the propriety of this suggestion , but we think no harm can be done in offering it to the Committee for superintending the Demonstration , for their consideration and decision , ' •' . '• ¦¦ - ; '
Wilderspin'pension {Origin Op Infant Sch...
WILDERSPIN'PENSION { ORIGIN OP INFANT SCHOOLS .- ;' TO IHE EDITOR OP THE NORTHERN STAR . Sin , —I rejoice that the Government has , by the grant of a pension to Mr . Wilderspin , acknowledged the great importance of Infant _SchVols / and' the ' ' service which that gentleman has rendered iii the
cause . I confess , however , I was somewhat astonished to find by Lord John Russell ' s letter , that the pension was granted . to Mr . Wilderspin as " the Founder and Promoter of Infant Schools , " because I thought the fact had been sufficiently well known , that Robert Owen , and not Mr . Wilderspin _. i was the Founder and that the system had its origin at New Lanark . : I have hefore me abundant evidence of thisfact , obtained from a variety of sources ; and it has , on more than one occassion , been stated in Parliamentary Debates on the subject of National Education . . .
The truth is , that Mr . Owen outlined the system in a work published in 1812 , entitled , " Essays on the Formation of Character ; " and about the same period commenced arrangements for putting it in practice , by the erection of a very large and costly building at New Lanark , which was opened on the 1 st of January , 1816 , by an address from the Founder , and on the following day the first Infant School was commenced . Mr . Owen felt that teachers for an Infant School had yet to be trained ) and that the best would probably arise from the school Itself , which was in fact the case . For immediate purposes ,
however , he selected James Buchanan , a simple hearted weaver of the New Lanark Mills ; who , ( to borrow Owen ' s description , ) " had a strong natural love of children , and the patience and forbearance necessary for the purpose , with a very pliable and teachable disposition , so far as his limited powers of mind would admit . " What follows is quoted from the introductory chapter of " Chambers ' s Educational Course .. ' Infant Education from two to six years of age , " first published in 1836 and will show how , and where , Mr . Wilderspin became first connected with the system .
" In the year 1816 , New Lanark was visited by a party of statesmen , amongst whom were the Marquess of Lansdowne , Mr . ( now Lord ) Brougham , Mr . Smith , M . P ., for Norwich , and Mr . Mill of the India House . Being conducted to the Infant School , they were much struck by the novelty of the system , and not less impressed by a sense of its great capabilities , as a means of elevating the physical , moral , and intellectual condition of human beings . The formation of a Society for the Pro- ' moting Infant education , and the establishment of * Model Infant School at Brewer ' s Green , Tothillfields , London , were the consequences ; and Mr . Buchanan was translated from New _Lanark , with
the approbation of Mr . Owen , to take charge of this more important seminary . A locality was soon after chosen for another Infant School in Spittalfields ; and , as it was impossible to obtain a teacher already qualified , Mr , Buchanan was requested to lookout a person capable of being taught thc art , and likely , when taught , to practice it with effect . This gentleman knew well how peculiar a range of qualifications , moral as well as intellectual , was required in an infant teacher ; how indispensable , above all things , was that benevolent enthusiasm , without which an infant school flags and expires ; and he therefore requested time to perform the duty imposed upon him . He at length recollected
that bis school had been visited by a young man named Wilderspin , who was in a counting-house in the City , who seemed to differ from all other visitors in the intensity of the interest which he took in what was going on , his ready appreciation of the value of the system , and the great deli g ht he displayed in witnessing the improvement and happiness of the infants . Mr . Buchanan piomiscd to sound Mr . Wilderspin as to his views in life , aud to ascertain whether he might be induced to embark in the profession of an Infant School teacher , and
begin with the Spitalfields School . Mr . Wilderspin , when the scheme was proposed to him , requested some days to" * reflect upon it , as his acceptance , if it should take place , would be no light choice , but a pledge of the devotion of his life to tbe pursuit . He made up bis mind , and , presenting himself to Mr . Buchanan , declared himself ready to embark in the enterprise with every energy which he possessed . Af 'ter benefiting by all the aid which he could receive from Mr , _Biwhatian , Mr . Wilderspin was , in due course , appoiuted to the Spitalfields ' School . "
There is , I believe , a slight inaccuracy in the above , as to the date of the visit to New Lanark . It was not until the year 1818 or 1819 . The substantial facts , however , set forth by Messrs . Chambers _, iu the foregoing paragraph , had been previously stated by Lord Brougham , in his speech upon the Education of the People , in the House of Lords , on the 2 l . at of May , 1835 , wherein he said ?— " In this country , I think it is now about sixteen or seventeen years since ray noble friend ( Lord Landsdowne ) and I , with some others , began the first of these Seminaries , borrowing the plan , as tcell as the teacher , from Mr . Owen ' s manufactory , at Lanark ; and though it has been eclipsed by others , to wliich it gave rise , especially Mr . Wilderspin ' s , in _Spitulueldsj and Wilson ' s , at Walthatnstow , & c , & c . "
And again , in presenting a petition from Mr-Owen , on the 29 th of July following , Lord Brougham described Mr . Owen as having been " the first to establish an Infant School , in which the children of the persons who were employed in bis manufactory were instructed in the ways of morality and virtue . I have in my possession various other documents connected with this subject , among which is a copy of a letter addressd to Messrs . Chambers , by Mr . Wilderspin , in 1836 , in which , speaking of the amount given by those gentlemen , of the origin of Infant Schools , ( and which I have already quoted , ) he says , " In the main points you are correct . "
Believing that neither you , nor the public , wil misunderstand tbe object of this letter . I am , Sir , Your ' s , Adelphi , August 3 , _18-1 G . Justitia .
National Victim Committee. This Body Met...
NATIONAL VICTIM COMMITTEE . This body met at the South London Chartist HaU on Sunday , August the 2 nd , Mr . T . Mills in the chair . Mr . Stallwood , on behalf of thc secretary , submitted the report of the committee ' s proceedings during their year of office , which was unanimously adopted , and ordered to be transmitted to the Convention at Leeds . A vote of thanks was given to the chairman , and the meeting terminated .
AGED PATRIOTS AND VICTIMS WIDOW AND ORPHANS FUND . A public meeting was held on Sunday , August the 2 nd , ut tho South Loudon Hall , for the purpose of electing a secretary , vice Cooper resigned ; Mr . T . Mills was calleilto the chair . _Mn-. T . dark , of tha Executive Committee of the National Charter . Assooiation , was unanimously elc cted _* to that ofiice ; the following persons were also added : to the committee , Mean * . 1 \ Mills , J . Milne , W . J . Souter _, J . Simpson , and E . Stallwood . _TheBeewtary _^ as wqneBted to issue an address to the . pufe W behalf of the funds , and the meeting was dissMyeU _^ " . _, _--.. . . - " P / m _^^ -ir _% ¦ A" _^ W- ' -- _•'¦ - V ' \ : & _vL / . _'l ; _¦•"•' - " * -y •• * .,- v ... '
-
-
Citation
-
Northern Star (1837-1852), Aug. 8, 1846, page 1, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns3_08081846/page/1/
-