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Northern Star (1837-1852), 9th January 1847, Edition 3 of 3, Page 1, VOL. X. NO. 481- LONDON, SATURDAY^ JANIM...

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    • LOWBANDS.
    • Gtwrtfett ftttdifgwwfc
    • C&artfet £aift Company
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      Lowbands.

      LOWBANDS .

      -, Tbe Members Of The Chakibt Co-10 Oper...

      _-, TBE MEMBERS OF THE CHAKIBT CO-10 _oPErULW-E IAND COMPANY . Mvd « r Children , It _*« my intention to bave « _tf » _^ _^ _in addition to _myl _^^^^ _^ sot published ; _sometb-g _^ " _«^ rf thU fertile and lovely P an _^/; _3 ne jbut our friend , _^^ i _^ _± r r Sed me such an

      WINDS OF H _£ H { sie (< fr _, upon which lam _* _£ _tW r _£ U John _Bright pap « ofthe 26 th _JSSTw . so , of course he had _^ not _* en ne of the same date in the " Star , " and he had Tat that time , received the lashing that James _Sa rnter . gave him in last week ' s " Star ; ' H indeed , is it l * ely ** he _™** - * turaea from his MESS if he had . hav doubt

      _Bright and the " Economist" e , no , _ea _lculited npon the danger to their slave trade if , i- f » 12 « id ., their slaves could purchase their own manumission , and at the same time somewhat loosen the rivets in the chains of others , whose _labout would become proportionately more valuable _hv diirinished competition . Tbis greedy man , like _jjativ others , too anxious to recommend themselves to their masters , has done too much for the money , and his done it in an untradesmanlike manner - —he is like the devil ' s _apothecary—DOUBLY DILIGENT . Perhaps you remember Baron Rolfe _' s

      obs ervation , when the informer Griffin stated that the Editor ' s only fault with him was , that he WAS TOO INDUSTRIOUS . " Gentlemen , " observed the _jtst judge , " perhaps the Editor may think the SAME NOW , as OUR DILIGENCE NOT UNFAIRLY LEADS TO SUSPICION . " Then , in analysing the mechanism and workings of a conspiracy , that just man beautifully remarked , and it is worth repeating , " Gentlemen , in case of conspiracy , the guilty parties generally make choice of the most astute aud artful men they can procure to carry

      out their illegal designs , and you will say , whether unsophisticated men like Pilling , and many others of the defendants , are of that stamp that would be likely to serve such a purpose , or whether it is net more probable that they acted of their own free wi ' -, and the more especially as all who have addressed you appear rather to glory in the part they hate taken than to repudiate the charge . ' ' Never did Judge more completely sacrifice all par ty and paltry consideration to truth and justice _, than did Baron Rolfe in giving expression to the above simple , but searching and sound truth . I . ¦ h ail now proceed to contrast SUMMERVILLE with Griffin , as regards his OWN INDUSTRY , and shall prove that Bright and Co . are conspirators , and the Whistler their accomplice .

      TI _1 E WHISTLER , in his first letter after visitiug Herringsgate , was nauseously fulsome in his praise of the beauties of the spot , and BIG WITH HOPE in the success of so splendid an undertaking , "the first step in the right direction the working men had taken . " I mentioned to more than one friend , Mr . Clarke among the rest , that the source , the MANCHESTER EXAMINER—Bright ' s paper—was suspicious ; and that he might rely upon it , the OLD

      SOLDIER was only baiting his trap . In fact , the first letter was too fulsome ; and it was against my wish , and only in compliance with that of the Directors , that I allowed even the extract to he published Well , the second letter makes its appearance , and is mainly answered by Mr . Taylor's short reply in last week's Sfar , in which he wholly contradicts every assertion made hy the DEVIL'S -VPOTHECARY Next comes the letter npon which I am now

      commenting , and from which I select the following extract , as proof of the Apothecary ' s great , if not over diligence : — " After further inquiries I got a book at the office _, for which I paid half- * -crown , on "The Practical Management of Small Farms , by _Feargos O'Connor , Esq ., barrister-at-law . _" * At different booksellers ' shops I tried to get the other publications oi the company , and at last I sat down with snch as I could obtain , " and read them all . I soon perceived what

      the obstae ' es to the registration of the society had been , by the great numberof great things which the society " was to do besides the cultivation of small _larnis * That the society was utterly unsound and worthless as a mere business speculation , was soon apparent . And thoug h , unsound companies are registrred and put under the protection of the law , so Jar £ 5 riving their shareholders the means of redress from tbeir trustees and from one another , 1 doubted it the Chartist Land Company _coald be so regis

      tered . . . " To _resolve'thatdonbt Chsncery Lane was visited , and from that locality I found _nvj way to the office for the regUtration ofjoint stock companies in Sergeants' Inn , Fleet-street . At that place I was told that tbe company was registered . I asked to see in wh 8 tform _, for what purpose , and who of its shareholders were registered . A book of indices was handed to me . I found the title " Chartist Co-operative Land Company , " and a number placed against it . I repeated the number to one of the clerks , who said , -- One shilling , if you please . " Whereupon I paid one _shilling , and he , going to a shelf and finding the number on the back ofa very thin book , laid

      the book before me . It was a very thin book indeed , containing only four pages , and only one of theleaves being written , and very little being written on that leaf—a good deal less than shonld have been written if tie Chartist Co-operative Land Company had been " placed under the protection ofthe law" to " give inci eased confidence to persons about joining the society , and to secure [ due diligence and honesty on the p 3 rt of the officers . " I shall come to the words and names which were registered before I quit the legal branch of this subject . But I proceed now aa I pttettded then . V- " Is this company legally registered !" A- "We cannot tell . "

      V " If anything is omitted whieh skould have beea registered , what will the result be ?" A . " We cannot answer legal questions here . If an > thing is omitted , the act provides tbat heavy penalties shall beincurred . You must consult the act of parliament providing for the registration ofjoint Btoek companies . " y . "Can I get tbe act hare !" A . " No ; you can buy it at the Queen's printers ; or of the law stationers in Fleet-street . "

      Hearing which , I proceeded tothe office ofthe Queen' -- printers , and paying Is . Sd . for tbe act in question , took it back to the Registration Office , BMwed it to the Registrar , and enquired if that was thc act under which the Chartist Co-operative Land Company was registered , and he , looking at it , said it was . He added that if the company was not registered in conformity to that act , they were liable * to all the penalties set forth in it to prevent its infringement . I shall now quote from those portions ef it which refer to the Chartist Land Company " Now then , reader , what think you of all that disinterested research , and all published in the Journal of an Economist , who will vote for anything- you

      ask him in PROPER SEASON , except THE TEN HOURS' BILL . Now observe , he first goes to Herringsgate from Manchester , 200 miles ; he trave > rse * _5 thewholepkceTorfijllthreehours , onawet , cold , pelting day ; he had heard all that he published in his second letter , but withholds every sentence of it ia the first—not a word about the fresh timber , and no water , and bad roads , and drunken plasterers that he drank with in the Beer Shop ; no , he was all hope—FULL OF HOPE , BURSTING WITH HOPE ; he doesn't go back to tha BUTTONLESS BLACKGUARD at once ; no , the sympathetic , in .

      dtistrious youth' goes to London , and gives you an account of his enquiries , but not a word of truth . No ; Oliver-like , and Castles-like , and Edwards-like , the * 1 'V MISREPRESENTS himself . He did go to the Land Office , but he represented himself as a raagishate for two Counties , with large landed estates , _* hich he proposed turning to the same purpose as _t-ie Company ' s Land , and wished for a copy of their _•^ es , and ail the documents connected with their _PHILANTH ROPIC undertaking ; and for a copy of _Mr . O ' Connor ' s work on Small Farms , stating that _ew-u intimately acquainted with me , O'Connor , as e did at Herringsgate , though I never laid eyes on

      -, Tbe Members Of The Chakibt Co-10 Oper...

      the man in my life to my knowledge , although 1 sympathised with him , and made many bold speeches on his case , when he was flogged ; and more than once used language in his behalf which should hare insured a more straightforward course from him as regards anything I was concerned in . So much in proof of the conspiracy , and that THE WHISTLER is a hired spy ; and now to prove him in the

      concomitant character of INFORMER . He goes to tho Land Office , and shame ! 0 shame to tell ! _sras three gentlemen with THEIR BACKS to the fire on a COLD DAY . He asks for the only work the Company professes to sell—the Rules—and he gets a copy—he then asks for a balance sheet , and he gets it , though the Company only professes to print it for its own members . He asks for other works

      which he is told are out of print ; and ihen he asks for others , which the cold gentlemen told him " are suppressed , in compliance with COUNSEL'S OPINION , until the Company was COMPLETELY REGISTERED . He then buys my work on Small Farms , but he has prudently abstained from comment upon that ; friend Bright , no doubt , telling him that he had better not WHISTLE AT THE SPADE . Well ; he is very inquisitive , and goes off to the Registration Office , and pays one shilling , and is banded a very THIN BOOK , just as thick , however , as it wonld be had it contained the mere PROVISIONAL

      REGISTRATION of a RAILWAY COMPANY TO THE MOON ; hut this meddler knows that the poorer class like a great deal being said and written about them , and , therefore , they should understand that provisional registration does not infer the writing of a book , but the mere preliminary step towards COMPLETE REGISTRATION . Well , having paid a shilling , which is no doubt an item iu his account per contra John Bright , he asks so many questions that the cold -gentlemen in that office ,

      like the weaver at Herringsgate , were too busy to gratify his curiosity , though CHANCERY LANE was visited to RESOLVE that doubt , as our critic stiles it . Well , that wasn ' t enough , hut off he goes to the Queen's printer ' s , and actually pays ls . 3 d . for the Act , though they GAVE HIM THE WRONG ONE , and back goes the WHISTLER , "And is this the Act ? " he says ; bursting with anxious solicitude for the victims . " Yes , " says one of the gentlemen ; and then " says I" and " says he "—

      I have now traced this conspirator , spy , and informer ( if he could make anything by it ) , from Bright ' s lie shop through bis maze and back again to the manufactory , and I ask any man of common understanding , to come to other conclusion than that he is a slavish tool employed by a slave owner , to do his bidding . Now let me tell him , and the reader , that the Act under which the company is provisionally registered , and will be COMPLETELY REGISTERED , was framed , not to aid informers , but to protect societv ; and that , before he could

      recover BLOOD MONEY , he should prove wilful neglect ,, or peculation , or dishonesty , against the officers . I teU hira more , that the laws of the rich are not framed for the protection of the poor , and still more , that they are not so framed , any one of them , as to protect society against INFORMERS , for , as has been observed millions of times , yon may drive a coach and four through any Act of Parliament , and if so inclined ( which God in his mercy forbid ) I would undertake to prove neglect or noncompliance with Statute Law against every society in existence—but I should not like to return to

      society with the brand upon me . And I tell the informer more , that every thing required has been complied with ; and the Company being in existence before being provisionally registered , and the law not allowing more than a stipulated amount to be raised on each share , the amount of shares bas been altered to meet the law , but not to affect the members . He forgot that , where he hoped to prove neglect , ho was establishing vigilance , as he tells us

      thatthe COLD GENTLEMEN had suppressed some documents , in compliance with the provisions of the Statute . And now it is my duty to tell you , tbat it is your duty to put us and yourselves , as speedily as possible , beyond the reach of thh > and all other CONSPIRATORS , SPIES , and INFORMERS , by furnishing the Directors , WITHOUT DELAY , with the names , occupation , and place of abode of every member .

      I always told you that enrolment or registration would hamper or perplex us—now you see it . You asked for it The want of it gave our enemies a handle , and I resolved that I would not be thwarted by charges of dishonesty or concealment ; hut if the members had been left to their own judgment , they never would have required security beyond confidence in me , though all their property was vested in me and MY HEIRS FOR EVER ; well-knowing that all their property would he conveyed to my heirs , as their trustees , to execute the several trusts

      conditioned with them . Thus I have explained all to you . It is now three o ' clock on Wednesday morning . I am the only one up in the house , after having walked and re-walked every field of Labour ' s second estate , and at this hour of calm reflection I am not thoughtless of the stupendous responsibility I bave imposed upon myself . I know that , at three to a family , THIRTY-SIX THOUSAND little children

      and their parents are , though sleeping , DREAMING confidence in me . I know that I would rot in a BASTILLE before I would forfeit tbat confidence or lessen their scanty bread by a single crumb . I know myself , and feel determined to go on in spite of letter-lord , slave-masters , CONSPIRATORS , SPIES , and INFORMERS ; and I envy not the coldblooded reflections of the cold-blooded monstei who , for hire , would write himself down a hypocrite .

      I travelled here on Tuesday with REBECCA and my old bailiff and family , who never saw a steamer before ( as he terms the train ) , and already all have conspired against us , except the elements . We have FIRE , AIR , EARTH , and WATER , _^ h ich they cannot keep from us ; but the owner of the principal stone quarry bas forbid bis tenant to sell us stone ; and the owner of the barren sand-pit , open fo all for a century , will not allow me to have sand , nor will ther allow us to have stuff for making roads ; and I learn that the farmers will not send their teams to work , and my neighbour

      threatens to stop up a HIGH ROAD to prevent access Read that , WHISTLER , and chuckle ; but read this and tremble ! I can get the best bricks in England for about £ l . 5 s . a thousand—that is , 17 s . a thousand cheaper than at Herringsgate . I can purchase carts and horses , or would wheel the bricks in a barrow . I have FOUND SAND ON THE SPOT , and in six hours from this time , I will have a clay-kiln on fire , burning clay to make roads—the finest material in the world . So , TYRANTS—1 DEFY YOU !!! INFORMERS — I DESPISE YOU !!!

      Chartists ! the man who has scoffed at your principles bas hired a spy to break up the movement that would give to each of Labour ' s sons a nest and labour-field . Slaves ! the master who makes money ( Continued to the Sixth Column . )

      -, Tbe Members Of The Chakibt Co-10 Oper...

      ( _Ctoxtimtedfrojjtthe Second Column . ) of your infants' blood , aud would sacrifice his seat rather than untrammel them , asks for YOUR VOTES ! Land members ! Bright has hired a tool to ruin your movement , and insolently relies upon your support . Voters ! oppose him ; non-electors 1 hoot him from the hustings . Don ' t believe him , if he disowns the " Examiner , " he is the PRINCIPAL PROPRIETOR ; it speaks his sentiments , and iau 8 be opposed to yours , KICK IT OUT OF EVERY HOUSE OF RESORT . The _Informer HAS NOT ACCEPTED MY CHALLENGE , he dare not , he cannot , rely upon my countrymen now to MURDER m ? .

      My children , rejoice in the opposition all are offering me , else I might grow dull , and tame , and inactive . At the next election , the SPIT AND THE LEG OF MUTTON will be our watch word and our CRY , and let confident tyranny presume aa t may , I tell you , that , when that time arrives , we will be better prepared and more resolute than out enemies may suppose . Our first duty is to strengthen Duncombe ; our next is to weaken our enemies . Bright is one of our greatest . Good night . Ever your faithful friend and bailiff , Feargus O'Conkor .

      Ar00110

      And National Teeades , Journal.. "**"**^...

      AND NATIONAL _TEeADES JOURNAL .

      Vol. X. No. 481- London, Saturday^ Janim...

      VOL . X . NO . 481- LONDON , SATURDAY _^ _JANIM RY 9 , 1847 . - „ . _/ _JsS" «™ _" _- _«««« ~ — _= - . j ' 7 Vive § hilling » nnd Sixpence per Onniter _" _** " _**^* _"" _**—™ * _" _—« _^—^^_^______^__________„—

      The National Lamp Luffl Labour Bam. Reck...

      THE NATIONAL LAMP _lUffl LABOUR BAM . Recklessness , want of economy , indifference of the doubtful future during the prosperous present , have ever been the most unanswerable charges brought by the wealthy , the wily , and the fortunate against the labouring classes . We are not prepared to defend this wholesale charge in the abstract , while we contend that the want of thriftiness evinced by the many is a consequence of our institutions , both commercial and political , being framed and altered from time to time for the convenience , security , and protection ofthe hasty made capital of the wealthy , rather than for the accumulated savings of the daily labourer or slowly thriving shopkeeper . For instance , our giant trade and commerce preclude the possibility of the poor man becoming a competitor with the rich speculator , while our monetary system rejects him as an ally from the impossibility of qualifying himself as a partner or participator from his daily or

      weekly savings . The Savings Bank becomes his only alternative , the only depository for his daily or weekly parings , and from the fact of this department being his only source , the government charges a large profit in diminished interest for the convenience afforded by the institution , For Instance , the speculator with thousands , or even witb hundreds , in the commercial or money market can command the highest rate of profit or interest , while the poor man is redueed to the alternative of being his own depositor without interest , or accepting the highest rate that his gradual savings can command . Hence the man with a thousand pounds may secure four per cent , upon mortgage , the man with a hundred pounds something over _thres per cent , in Consols , while the poor accumulator during the process of saving , and who has not a sufficient amount to take advantage of any of these securities , receives no more than £ 2 . 18 s . per cent , secured upon * 'his _owigodustry and the dissipation of his thoughtless fellow-labourer . He is reconciled to this lower rate of interest— \ ' ' - '• . " ' " "

      Firstly . —By the fact that it is the only market open to him .- Secondly . —That it presents security . —Thirdly , -Thai it guarantees the power of with drawal in seasons of necessity , but even this power is restricted by conditions sometimes harsli and inconvenient . ; % . Thus we establish the value of co-operation without industry at one pound two per cent ., that being the difference bet *** een the rate _$£ interest received by the poor saver and hira who can command a sufficient amount to insure the highest rate of interest . " . We have been reminded to surfeit that the glory of England consists in the equal opportunity afforded to all in the market of speculation . We admit the fact , while we assert that the sun of England ' s glory would speedily set if all men were mere agents for the transfer of property , and none were producers of property . And it is in order that the latter class , which will ever be the large majority , may be armed with the power of co-operation as a means of placing them upon an equality in point of protection _wifh the former class that we advocate the principle of co-operation , and propose to establish the only medium by which it can be efficiently carried

      out—The National Land and Labour Bank . We may be told that Joint Stock Banks , Railway _Companies , Mining Companies , Steam Navigation Companies , and all other undertakings introduced to the world with a fascinating prospectus establishing a fictitious amount of shares , and a mere nominal amount of call , present the desired opportunity to the small capitalist . The result , however , of attempting to engraft this fascinating reality upon an uaheeded fiction , has been the ruin of thousands _; and the effect has been as follows : —Many a poor man , jumping at the promise of high interest , and unscared by the phantom of future calls , has paid the required deposit , which an inconvenient call compels him to sacrifice altogether , or preserve as a forlorn hope , at the expense of future contributions , until the society's affairs are wound up , and he finds himself liable to all losses ; a few wily concoctors and solicitors taking his crippled child to nurse ; and thus fattening upon his credulity . Hence , we show the simple value of Co-operation without industry , while we assert , without fear of contradiction , that the earring on the necessary operations of trade depending upon individual industry , is not restricted to three , four , five , ten , or even fifteen per cent . Indeed , the value of capital can be best appreciated by the enormous amount of wealth that its possessors have been enabled to accumulate out of hired labour .

      Let us illustrate this position . A teuant holds a hundred acres of land at one pound an acre , and dear in its present state . It will require -6500 , or * £ 5 an acre to drain it , and then it becomes worth £ 2 an acre—thus returning the tenant twenty per cent , upon the expenditure of - £ 500 , so that , had he giveu fifteen per cent , for the capital , he would still be a gainer of five per cent , by the transaction ; while , through that amount of expenditure in labour the district shopkeepers would be benefitted , through them the domestic manufacturer and merchant , and , through all , the government . But this source of speculation is stopped by the landlord ' s indifference to benefit his tenant , and the tenant ' s indifference to benefit the landlord ; whereas if it belongedto the occupier the work would be done . But how much more pointedly the fact will present itself to the reader , when the capital is applied to enable and encourage the small husbandman to prosecute his own industry . The summary of these observations is that

      A Nation ' s Greatness is better secured by individual prosperity than by commercial traffic , which must restrict industry . The duty of a government is-to increase the national resources of the country to the highest state of cultivation they will admit of ; and the way to insure this national good is , by the application of free labour , and the equitable ( NOT EQUAL ) distribution of its produce ; while the error of the present system is , that those who possess capital have the power of resisting the cultivation of our national resources to that particular standard which insures them . the largest monopoly of the produce . We hold it to be an indisputable fact tbat the application of free labour , which means the labour of the small proprietor to the land , the cultivation of our mines , minerals , and fisheries , can alone develope the national resources , and at the same time establish a satisfactory standard of wages in the artificial labour market , while the higher rate superinduced by well requited industry in the natural market , could be borne by the manufacturer , the merchant , and trader , by the incalculable impetus given to domestic trade and commerce , through the increased consumption of the free labour class .

      The industrious man who has contributed a long life ' s accumulation of property for others must start at tbe announcement of our present prime minister : — " That the criminal law is a problem yet to be solved . ''— " That the sanatory condition of the people is miserably deficient , " and " That our whole system of education requires deep consideration aud improvement . " Now we hold that governments , and governments only , are answerable for the law's inequality and imperfections , for sanatory deficiency and educational regulation ; and we further hold that free and well-requited labour would render our criminal law , now a problem , if not obsolete , at least a thing of rare application to an improved and moral society . That the free labourer can best educate his own children , ventilate his own house , and preserve his own and family ' s health . In the free labour market we estimate a man ' s labour cheaply , very cheaply _. at £ 50 per annum , and thus , if we have a million of paupers whose strained labour is now worth £ 10 a year each , the ' nation loses £ . 40 , 000 , 000 per annum , added to an expense of seven millions per annum wrung from the labour of the industrious , for no other purpose than to keep up an idle reserve at other people ' s expense , for the capitalist to fall back upon as a means of reducing and keeping down wages in the artificial market . Here then is a national sacrifice to class gain aud individual monopoly . In order , then , to illustrate our plan for creating a free and independent labour class , whose industry shall be applied to the cultivation of our national resources , we propose to establish

      The National Land and Labour Bank upon the following principle : —viz . That it shall consist of three departments;—a Deposit Department ; a Redemption Department ; and a Sinking Fund Department ; and we shall now treat of those several departments each under its proper head . Deposit . The Deposit Department to be open to all who wish to vest their monies upon the securitv of the landed property of the

      National Co-operative Land Company . and bearing interest at the rate of ' ii per cent , per annum . The capital deposited to be regulated by the . following scale : —that is to say , —that for every £ 60 payable as rent-charge by the occupants , over and above the amount necessary to pay the interest of £ i per cent , on the Redemption Fund , the directors will be empowered to receive £ 1000 , thus leaving a sinking fund in this department , over and above the company ' s liabilities , of two and a half per cent . ' Suppose , for instance , an estate producing £ 600 a year over and above the Company ' s liabilities of £ _i per oent . ( upon the amount in the redemption department ) to be occupied by the members of the company , who will each have received a conveyance in fee of his allotment , subject to a rent-charge proportioned to the purchase money and outlay ; upon this estate , conveyed by the trustees as security to the bank , the directors would be empowered to raise £ 10 , 000 , and would be liable to £ 350 a year interest at 3 pe r cent , upon the borrowed capital _offil 0 , 000 Each depositor of any amount not exceeding £ 10 would be entitled to draw that amount on demand . A depositor wishing to draw any amount from £ 10 to £ 20 , must give one week's notice . From £ 20 to £ 50 , a fortnight's notice ; aud from £ 50 , to any amount , one month ' s notice . The amount of deposit at any one time not to be less than two shillings and sixpence .

      Redemption Department . The Redemption Department to be open to the members of the Land Company , and who , whether _oecupants or shareholders , will be entitled to deposit their funds in that department upon the following conditions : — That each shareholder may deposit any amount not less than threepence at one time , and for which he shall receive interest at the rate of four per cent , per annum . This fund will be applicable to the purchase of Land or fining down ofthe occupants' rent-charge , at the rate of four per cent ., or twenty-five years' purchase—that is , that a depositor having £ 25 in the redemption Department when he is eligible for occupation , will be entitled to a reduction of £ 1 per annnm from his rent-charge—that ig , the member who , if not a depositor , would be liable to a rent of £ 8 a year , will , when he has paid up £ 25 , be entitled to receive his allotment at £ 7 rent . We state £ 25 , but the depositor of any sum under that amount , down to £ 5 , would be entitled to apply his deposit to the reduction of his rent at four per cent . The additional half per cent , being guaranteed in consequence of shareholders who deposit their monies in the Redemption Department not being allowed to withdraw more than one-half the amount deposited , and being obliged to give a month ' s notice before they can draw any portion of their deposit from that department , which however would be equivalent to ready money as a transfer of the deposit less the month's interest ( the lender receiving the interest ) could be effected .

      Sinking Fund Department . The funds of this department would consist of two and a-half per cent , in landed property over aud above tha Viability of _three-and-a-half per cent payable as interest to the depositors . The profits from this department to be added to the redemption department , and equally applied to the pur chase or reduction of the rent of shareholders who had been depositors in the redemption department ; and to be applied in aid of the location of the poorer occupants , to be repaid by them in easy and convenient instalments . We shall now proceed to consider the LIABILITIES AND CONTINGENCIES consequent upon the deposit departmeut , and the Company's means of meeting them . We will presume that _£ 5 , 000 , or one half of the whole sum in the deposit department , was liable to be withdrawn on demand . The Company should , consequently , be prepared with that amount , to meet any contingency , and which it proposes to do in the following manner ; that is to say . by the application ofthe Company ' s floating capital for carrying on building and other operations , and which would be always vested in a Bank , paying two and a-half per cent , as at present , aud would be constituted of fuuds paid upon account of shareB , and not belonging to any of the three departments . The remainder of the funds in the several departments would be applicable to the purchase of laud , erection of houses , and location of occupants .

      _Expenses . The expenses of the Banking Department are amply provided for by the payment of one shilling per year , per share , payable by the shareholders in the Land Company , and the surplus in the several departments to be applied to the benefit of the shareholders upou the winding up of the section to which they belong .

      Mode Of Securing The Means Of Meeting Li...

      Mode of Securing the Means of Meeting Liabilities . The Land Company proposes to locate its members upon two acres of land which shall have cost £ 18 . 15 s . per acre , or £ 37 . 10 s .: to erect a house which sballcost £ 30 , and to expend in improvements , and give to the occupant , the sura of £ 15 , making a total of £ 82 . 10 s ., andfor which preliminary expendi . ture the Company charges £ 5 a-year ; and five per cent upon all monies above that sum expended in the purchase of the Laud and the erection of a house ; that is , if the land costs £ 30 an acre instead of £ 18 15 s ., and the house £ 60 instead of £ 30 , the occupants will pay £ 5 per cent , upon £ 22 . 10 s . the additional price of the Land , and £ 5 per cent , upon the £ 30 , thc additional price of the house , making a total increased expenditure of £ 52 . 10 s ., thus making the rent of occupant in the latter case £ 712 s . 6 d . per annum ; the same scale heing applicable to any priced land aud any priced house in a descending as well as anascending ratio—that is , if land shall be _putchased at a less amount than £ 18 15 s , an acre , £ 5 per cent , in rent shall be deducted from the reduced price of the land .

      Suppose , then , the occupant , whose land sha ll have cost £ 30 an acre , and whose house shall have cost £ 60 , and who shall have received £ 15 capital , that occupant will have cost the Company £ 135 , less £ 2 10 s . the original amount paid for the share—thus making the Company's expenditure £ 132 10 s . -without taking credit for any portion of the £ 15 capital expended in operations of husbandry or other improvements which increase the value of the holding . For this £ 132 lOs . the Society receives £ 7 12 s . 6 d . in the shape of rent-charge , or within a fraction of 51 per cent , upon the outlay , without any margin for the increasing value secured upon the expenditure of a man and his family ' s labour to that amount of ground . . In the case of a man holding four acre * of _gronad , and whose house would cost £ 80 , the Society ' s profit would be reduced to about 51 per cent , upon the outlay . This scale shows the equity of the standard upon which the rent of allotments has been established , and , perhaps , may be met with the assertion , that it is a high per centage _npoi the outlay , and wliich assertion we meet thus—Firstly , —Without co-operation the occupants could not procure a single _allotmeat . Secondly , —An individual carrying out the scheme would charge rent according to the retail value , amounting to about £ 15 per cent ., regulated only by the convenience and deri e of the poor occu pant to have a field whereon to expend his own labour . Thirdly , —The individual would not convey the convenient allotment in fee , and consequently the occupant would be liable to a periodical increase of rent as a tax upon his own industry .

      Fourthly , —All profits consequent npon saving of rent over interest is divided equitably amongst the several shareholders . Fifthly , —A small proprietary class is the only possible means by which the fair standard of the price of labour can be established The on ! y means by which porr rates _a"d workhouses can be made unnecessary ; The only means by wliich the national resources can be fully developed and profitably cultivated j The only means by which famine—save that which is the will of God—can be averted ; The only means that can render man indifferent to foreign production ; The only means that can give an impetus to home trade and home industry ; The only means that can secure a national milit ' a , who will fly to the cry of " My cottage and my country are in danger 1 "; The only means by which education can be encoura ged , health secured , and violation of the laws of society , be considered crime The only means by which tbe arts and sciences of Britain can he made to vie with those of any other nation upon . earth . The only means by which tbe good in each man may be developed , and his evil propensities kept in subjection by the wholesome of public censure and disapproval .

      in the arti in the artificial market

      chastisement

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      Greenwich And Deptford. , The Following ...

      GREENWICH AND DEPTFORD . , The following motion was moved and carried at ' st full meeting of _shareholders of the Land Company at their usual place of meeting on Tuesday , January' 5 , 1847 :-Thtit tbe _shareholders of thc Greenwich and Deptford _Braucli ofthe National Co-operative Land Company , aro of opinion that it is highly essential that shareholder ! only shall be _employed by the Directora on the Company s estates , in all building and other operation ; tbat it' there be not a sufficient number of shareholders to complete the Company's works in an efficient manner , that mea connected with the National _Asiociation of United Trades be employed in _preference to any others , as it if tho opinion of this meeting , that all good men aud _trua should protect each other .

      TO THE PEOPLE . Dixon Hotel , Manchester , Jan . Cth 1847 . _Deau _Fbiends , Some very annoying mistakes hare occurred ia the _arrangements announced for my lectures , by which great inconvenience , aud loss of time have ensued . No answers hare been Bent me from Halifax , Itochdale , or the Potteries . Hence any disappointment which may have been felt should not bo attributed to negligence oa my part . I have always _endeavoured to be punctual to an appointment . I regret tbe mieuudcrstanding , as to Sheffield , and will do array with that by lecturing there on Sunday the 17 th , and Monday the 18 th , if these daya will suit them .

      I will also remedy the disappointment at Rochdale by lecturing there on Sunday , tbe 10 th . witboutfail . I have accepted the invitations from Aceriugton , awl Blackburn , and will lecture in the former town , on Monday , tbe 11 th , and In the latter , on Tuesday , tho 12 : h . I _propos * visiting Preston , on Wednesday , the 18 th , aa a friend informs mo a room cau be had . 1 can ulso be at liberty to deliver a lecture in Chorley , on Thurs . ' ay , the 14 th , I hope the above arrangement * will prove sa . tisfactory to the people , and bimeficiai to the cause . Answer * had better be forwarded in all casus to me if up to Monday , the 11 th , at Dixon ' s , Great _Ant-oat-street _, Manchester , or to the above mentioned places in Lane * _, shire if later . _Faithfullyyours , in the cause . P . M . _M-Do-jail .

      cut locality :. On Sunday evening a meeting of this body took place , IVIr . _Caughlanin the chair . The necessity for more energy and vigour on tha part of the Chartist body was brought forward by Mr . Tucker , who was of opinion that the Land movement was diverting public attention , from the Charter agitation . He moved the following resolution whieh waa carried : — " That we the members ofthe City Locality , call upnn the democrats of those places visited by Messrs . M'Grath and Clark during their recent tour , to say whether tho inUrcst of the Chartist movement was attended to by them . "

      TO TUE LONDON CHARTISTS . Brother Democrats , —Although fully aware of the many appeals that arc made to your sympathies , yet we considor it our duty to submit to your humane consideration the distressing case of John Harris , Bhoeraakev , residing at No . 5 , Hertford-place , _Weston-street , _Somers-Town , Ho is a sterling Democrat of many years standing , and by those that know him he is highly and deservedly respected . For many years past he has only been able to obtain partial employ , and at very loiv wages . His eldest son (• vho had been the chief prop ofthe family ) has also for several _weekB been out of employ , consequently poor Harris , his wife , aad seven children , have beea reduced by slow starvation until he is now confined to his bed . The men of _Somers-Town on being made acquainted witii his distressed situation , at once formed themselves into a committee , and have

      assisted , and are still rendering all the assistance in their power . He is now receiving the miserable pittance of 3 s . and 3 loaves per week from St , Pancras parish , which is the only certain income they have to subsist on . We beg most earnestly to recommend the above case to your benevolent and prompt attention , as , probably , should assistance be delayed it may arrive too late . Signed on behalf of the committee , ) John Abnott , Secretary . Notici . —On Monday evening next , at 8 o ' clock , an Harmonic meetiug for the benefit of Mr . Harris , will be held at Mr . Duddridge ' s Bricklayers ' . arras , Tonbridge-street , New-road , when the smallest con tributions will be thankfully receivod j alio by Mr . Hornby , 15 , _Northam's-buildings ; Mr . Laurie , 44 , Brill-row , _Sowers-Town ; by Mr . Wheeler , S 3 , Dean street , Soho ; and by the Secretary , 8 , Middlesex place , Somors-Town .

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      The National Co-Operative Land Company. ...

      THE NATIONAL CO-OPERATIVE LAND COMPANY . Mr . T . Clark lectured in support of the above ) company , at the Hall of Zethus , White Lion Street , Bishopsgate , on Tuesday evening , January the oth , and pointed out the great advantages likely to ensua from the universal adoption of its principles , and the great aid the projected National Land and Labour Bank would afford in propelling on that desirable object . The lecturer was repeatedly cheered , and at the close a vote of thanks was unanimously awardod to him .

      The Fraternal Democrats. At The Meeting ...

      THE FRATERNAL DEMOCRATS . At the meeting on Monday evening , January i , Joseph Moll in the chair , Julian Harn _» y , in accordance with the pledge given bv hira in the letter written in reply to the Weekly Dispatch , tendered the resignation of the secretaryship , and proposed the appointment of Ernest Jones as secretary . Mr . _Ernkst Jones said , that highly as he valued the honour pruposcd , he could not think of obtaining it , nor , he felt sure , would the _sooiety think of _bestowing it , through tlie displacement of such & man as Julian Harney , than whom , lie believed , they could not have found a more efficient secretary , or associate with a more noble-minded and deserving democrat , and concluded by moving the following resolution : —

      " that this meeting do n * t accept the _resieinatiou of Julian Harney ; but . in inquesting him still to retain the office of secretary , ho has so ably filled , take this opportunity of recording the high sense they entertain of his eminent services , and of tendering their thanks for tho same . " Mr . Jones ' s resolution was unanimously adopted . Several new members were elected , inoludiug ( as honorary members ) Thomas Rayner Smart of _Leicester , and Geoigo William Wheeler of Reading . Some now rubs for the guidance of the society were read , and ordered to be considered at the next meeting . _^ In consequence of having to . attend r .. meeting in connection with the Land Company , Mr . Doyli could not be present at this meeting , hut it was announced would attend the next _meeting to deliver his promised address . The meotiug adjourned tiil Monday evening next , January 11 .

      Trans-Atlantic Contkmpt Ok Counr.—A Lear...

      Trans-Atlantic Contkmpt ok _Counr . —A learned justice was supported ou his right and left by his I _' orthy associates , when Mrs . V . was called upon to give evidence . - 'Take off * our bonnot , Madam , " "I had rather not , Sir . " " _/^ _urnls and brimstone , Madam , take off your bonnet , I say . " "In publie assemblies , Sir , women generally cover their heads . Suoh I am sure is the custom elsewhere ; and therefore , I will not take off my bonnet . " ' Do you hear that , gentlemen ? She pretends to know more about _theso matters than the Judge himself ? Had you not better , _Aladnin come and take a seat on tha bench ? " '' No , Sir , I thank you , for I really think there are old women enough there already . " —American paper .

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  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), Jan. 9, 1847, page 1, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns3_09011847/page/1/