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Northern Star (1837-1852), 10th January 1846, Edition 3 of 4, Page 1

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    • PATRICK O'HIGGKS.
    • fmton htimimmt*
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      Patrick O'Higgks.

      PATRICK _O'HIGGKS .

      Pc00116

      To The English People. 5fr Deab Friexds,...

      TO THE ENGLISH PEOPLE . 5 _fr _Deab Friexds , —IF we were not bound by ihe _jpggto that" when oneof the community ia oppressed _jjoefr is aggrieved , " I should still deem anything _[ _caueded with the name of tbe gentleman whicli jiands at the head of my letter of sufficient importance to address yon npon without an apology and upon a subject even less connected with , _yourtdves . I haTe reason fo know , and to be proud as

      _^ a Wshman , that the straightforward , patriotic , and jiaa ly conduct of Mr . O'Higgins , has made him an abject of love , affection , respect , and esteem with the jnglish working classes . "When it was dangerous to _jdvocate onr principles , and almost death publicly to jvow and promulgate them , _O'Higgina kept the spark _( f Chartism alive in the damp atmosphere of Dublin , _5 n d was only driven for a season from the position he jud achieved by thai sympathy whieh the threatened _yng ecntion of Mr . O'Connell had created , and now , _te hold ! he is the victim of that sympathy himself .

      Seed I refer to thecaseof the Dorchester labourers , sod to the fact , that O'Connell gained popularity by _locating their cause ont of the House of Commons , jnd singularity by justifying their condemnation in Parliament ? Need I remind you of his onslaught against the trades of Dublin ; of his committee appointed for the purpose of depriving the trades of the little protection thej had ; of his denunciation of the Glasgow cotton spinners ; of his rabid attack upon Trades' Unionists ; of his invitation to the Attor ney-General to hunt down Oastler , O'Connor , and

      Stephens ; of his invectives against the Canadian patriots ; and of his exultation in the conviction of Frost , Williams , and Jones ; and his rejoicings that it was a HANDFUL OF IRISH BOYS that shot Shell find others at Newport ? 2 feed I remind you of his having walked out of the House of Commons _Tvhen his casting vote would have unbarred the prison doors and set the captives free ? No . These insults are green in your memory , and require not to be revived to add odium to his treatment of our respected friend O'Higgins .

      I haTe told you before that of all characters in this world an Irishman most despisesthat of ax _octobheb , and I ask you to keep the whole case of O'Higgins in your mind , and come to any other conclusion if you can than that the liberator has hunted down his Chartist _pbet _, and consigned him to the tender mercy of that Attorney-General from whom te has _lold us xo hoxest mas cas _xxpzct jcsiice , and to he tried bj the Saxos Law ; and by a Saxon _Jubt . Not such Saxons as you are , for I glory in the Saxon blood that flows in _totjb -veins , but Saxons whose dominion is markedby their triumphoverthelawand over erery thine Irish . My friends , mark me , and mark me well ,

      for I have been a faithful sentinel to you . 0 Connell s aid in this prosecution evinces no tenderness for human life—no clemency for the Irish landlords—but vengeance against the principles of Chartism , of Khese progress in my country O'Higgins is the embodyment And , therefore , I say the cause of O ' Higgins is my cause , is your cause , is the cause of every just man in the world , and the more especially when the putrid press of Ireland has joined the Liberator in his crusade against us . Mark the cunning villainy with which this government informer laid his train of supposed guilt , and then pounced upon his innocent victim ! He coupled thisdocnmentwith that tr anquillity which was essential for the accom

      plishment of repeal ! He used it to excitehis hearers against the author hy persuading them that it was a device of the enemy to injure Ireland ' s cause , hav ing at the time the very same means that he has now of attaching tbe authorship to O'Higgins . Oh , if this document had borne ihe stamp of the committee of Conciliation Hall , with what cheers it would bave heen received , and with what avidity and encomiums it would have been whirled through the land npon the wings of the liberal press . But the Nation , the liberal Nation , the Nation that some weeks ago published the whole process by which the Irish people might , in case of an outbreak , destroy all the railroads—the Nation that has asked

      " who eeabs to _iatk of _siseit-iight ? The Nation that was wont to breathe the spirit of a Davis , has it , too , cowered before the nod ofthe autocrat , and does it fear to do justice to an honest injured man , lest it should incur the liber ator ' s ! wrath ? This is a subject which , requires temper to write ' npon . Just when we had supposed that the judgment of three Whig lords , and the triumph at Lancaster , had rendered sedition obsolete , we find the monster revived by tiie Irish liberator , who has held out mere invitations to murder than all the seditionists living . And then we come to the machinery by which the

      Liberator works out his machinations , and of what do we find it composed ? A Mr . Porter , stipendiary magistrate , and Sir C . Fitzsimon , a police justice , formerly Repeal M . P . for the lung ' s County , a man who knows as much abont law as a dunghill cock knows of a holiday , sit cheek by jowl upon the magis terial bench , and this pot-bellied buffoon , this police constable knight , this ex-Repeal member for the King ' s County , justifies the sending O'Higgins before a jury of landlords ,, whose wrath has been aroused by O ' Connell , npon the precedent , that HE once before had bound over a jeweller to stand his trial in Dublin and inthe King ' s County ; our only

      wonder is that the police knight did not add , and AT THE SAME TIME . But here ' s a desecration of justice ! For such sedition as is contained in the placard in question , which I assert is no sedition at all , Mr . O'Higgins is to be tried by a jury of landlords , each of whom will strain the contents to be an invitation to murder himself . Buthere I'll triumph a bit . I'll mark our English progress and triumph over the Liberator ' s law of sedition ! Here , Liberator , I publish the document , and put a name to it that you would destroy with pleasure . I adopt it as

      a mild document , more mild than ( your language in Conciliation Hall , or in the House of Commons , when advocating your "FIXITY OF TENURE " and the "TENANTS' RIGHTS . " More mild than your _denunciation of the cotton lords , whom you called MURDERERS for working infant children , whose Lord Chancellor you said you would he , and for whose young blood you received a thousand pounds . More mild than your denunciation of the landlords whom you have over and over again styled murderers for keeping up ( the Bread Tax . This is the document with a name to it : —

      "LAXM . OHDS AXD _TESA 5 TS , —TYRANTS TURNING TENANTS OCT . Question : Has a landlord the right to turn a tenant out of Ms holding or farm 1 Answer : He has , when tbe lanll is let on fair and reasonable terms , and the tenant neglects bis farm , or does not pay the rent . Question : Has tiie landlord the right to turn out the tenant without first paying him in full for all his outlay in building , _recltuming , manuring , enclosing , draining , ic , Ac . _ __ . . .. _

      Answer : N 6 : the landlord ha * no such right . It would te rooting tbe tenant to take theland from him Without first having paid him the full value of these improvements , and also compensation for the cost and loss incurred by removing to another place , even to a settlement in America , if he chose to go there . Because , when a tenant is deprived ofhis hind , whether hy the cupidity , Hiiro , or tyranny of his landlord , he has nothing to lire on , and consequently becomes either a burthen to society , oi he , ids wife and children , die of want , which is too often the case ; and , therefore , the landlord is to all intents and purposes * guilty of causing the death of unoffending men , women , and children .

      Question : When a tenant increases the value of the land , by reclaiming , building , enclosing , manuring , draining , 4 c , has tbe landlord a right to charge the tenant a higher rent on the expiration of the lease , in consequence of the increased value of tbe land by the labour bestowed upon it by the tenant ! Answer : No , most certainly not : because the increased value of the land was caused entirely and exclusively by the labour , toil , care , skill , industry , and outlay of the tenant , and not by any act or thing done to the land by the landlord ; therefore , he who charges an increased rent robs the tenant of the reward of his labour . Aud it is written that such conduct cries to heaven for vengeance ! Question : What would be said of the man who would

      give a rough block of mahogany to a cabinet maker to make a chest of drawers , and when he had made them , lhe owner of the tdock charged " _*»» " for making them instead of paying him « Answer : The owner of the block would be called a _mgue , andthe cabinet maker could make him pay . Question : What is the difference between the conduct Of the landlord who chaiges an additional rent , mostly double the amount , to a tenant for rough land which he has reclaimed and made fair and fruitful , and the man who charged the cabinet maker for making the drawers , instead of paying him f Answer : The conduct of the landlord is worse by far _"ftiauthat of tbe owner ofthe block ; because the poor

      To The English People. 5fr Deab Friexds,...

      _^ CaU 2 M > t S ° law with _to landlord ; he must either submit to the fraud or be turned out and die . He cannot canythe land with him . It is sationary ; there it remains . The cabinetmaker can cany las trade and Ms tools with him any where ; and can also keep the chest of drawers till he is paid . Landlords , kneel down , and pray to God to fill your hearts with ssei . se of justice . Ask of him to inspire you with the feeling and desire to "do unto others as you would be done by . " Bear in mind the fate ofthe Hungarian tyrants , and how Moses slew the Egyptian oppressor , and buried him in the sand . Ask yourselves , on bended knees , how you would like to live on rotten potatoes for the next three months . Feibgcs O'Connor .

      Ifow , Liberator , read the placard to your dupessend it to the VINEGAR-CRUET . Invite the lawofficers of the Crown to the contest , and as you are so fond of an appeal to English justice , let us test the justice of YOUR SAXON LAW , to wliich you have consigned O'Higgins and MY SAXON LAW , from which I would expect as little justice as any other man . Yon know that there is no sedition in the placard . You know that there is not a semblance of

      crime in it ! But you know that O'Higgins , finding persuasion to fail , has coerced you into a steadfastness of principle . Bat for him , you would have abandoned the Repeal long ago . He follows you . with the whip of constancy and truth , and lashes yon to your principle . And for that you hate him . Shame upon you , sir ! How dare you thus attack the outposts of Chartism ? Did you think that in our renewed strength we would allow yon , unnoticed , to run down ode Irish Chief ? No ! we have the real blood in our

      veins—the blood that recoils at the bare name of "informer ! " You are coming here to give us cheap bread , and when amongst us you will learn that O'Higgins is respected , honoured , and beloved . You will hear his name , depend upon it , coupled with that of Frost , and when he has triumphed over your Saxon law , we'll feast him in every town in England and Scotland , whether bread is cheap or dear . My Friends , I invite yonr perusal of the proceedings before the magistrates . I invite your attention to the notice from our own correspondent . I invite you to a full consideration of the whole case , and bear in mind that prevention is better than cure .

      Are you not struck with horror at the very idea of the most prominent Chartist in Ireland , a member of our association , a delegate to one of our conventions , heing hunted down upon the shallow pretest of the sedition contained in the placard to which I have affixed my name ? And when the brawlers so lustily clamour for justice to Ireland , do you think our friend has been justly treated by those who sing loudest in the choir ? I tell you that my very blood runs cold when I think of any Irishman so far forgetting himself as to become informer , or , what is worse , " the suborner of many informers , against an

      honest gentleman and upright patriot . When the time comes we shall offer Mr . O'Higgins something more substantial than our sympathy ; but for the present let us console him by one universal expression of our horror of his persecutor , our regard for his person , and our confidence in his integrity . It was my intention to have written a long letter upon the cheering prospects of our Land Association this week ; but I feel assured that every member of the society will be more gratified by reading this embodymentof national disgust against the persecutors of our friend .

      I tell you , Englishmen , that if we allow the stray deer to be thus hunted down , the flock would shortly be reduced to utter insignificance . And I tell you more , that this attack of the Liberator is preparatory to that position which he hopes the freetraders will achieve ; and once let them get power with him as then * Attorney-General , and then farewell to Labour ' s

      cause . Ever your faithful friend and servant , _FiARGUS O'COXNOB

      Murder Of Whiggery, And Discovery Of The...

      MURDER OF WHIGGERY , and DISCOVERY OF THE MURDERER . Theawful sensation created in the neighbourhood of Downing-stre & t , a & d indeed throughout the empire at large , relative to the mysterious disappearance of thc unfortunate gentleman ahove named , in 1841 , is , we have no doubt , still fresh in the recollection of om readers . Imagination was literally exhausted in

      surmise , while the circumstance , so novel in itself , led to endless , indeed whimsical , conjecture ; and , had it net beenfor theahnost supernatural exertion of Mr . Sharpnose , of the detective force , the probability is that that sad catastrophe , which has now brought to light oneof the most atrocious and cold-blooded murders that it has been our painful duty to record , would have remained a secret , except from that eye from which nothing can be concealed .

      The circumstances which led to the detection of the barbarous crime , and to the apprehension of the murderer , are briefly as follow : —On Thursday week , the day upon which it was our painful duty to announce the sudden death of

      THE ENGLISH OLIGARCHY , Mr . Sharpnose , of the detective force , hearing that the event had been reported exclusively in the North em Star newspaper , proceeded instantly to the office of that journal , upon the presumption that there were persons about the premises who could throw some light npon the subject ; and while engaged in questioning the parties with whom he came in contact , his suspicion was aroused by a stench of no ordinary nature , which proceeded from an apartment which appeared to be " exclusively used for preserving the records of the journal in question . The

      suspicion of Mr . Sh _ _ypnose was strengthened by the fact of the parties hi the office refusing him admission to the apartment . Not considering it safe to make the attempt alone , and fearful lest anything concealed should be removed in his absence if he left the premises , he insisted upon the publisher despatching a note to the Home Office , the result of which was the prompt attendance ofa large reinforcement of the London police , and , upon search heing made , the mutilated remains of what was supposed to be the parts of the deceased were discovered , concealed in a heap of tiie Norther n Star newspapers .

      Intelligence of the fact having been conveyed to the Home Secretary , an order was issued for the immediate removal of the remains to Chesham-place , and directions were given to the coroner to hold an inquest , and Monday being the day appointed for the inquiry , all the avenues in the neighbourhood were literally blocked with parties anxious to get a glimpse at the supposed murderer , as well as to hear the result of the enquiry . At twelve o ' clock precisely tiie coroner and jury arrived at the Nag ' s Hetd public house , to whieh place the remains bad heen removed , and shortly after a hackney coach , convey ing the supposed murderer , with the blinds up and two policemen sitting on the box , drove furiously through the crowd . Sergeant Wild appeared as counsel for the Crown , and thejury being sworn ,

      Mr . Sharpnose was examined , and gave his evidence as follows—Having seen the death of the English Oligarchy reported exclusively in the North ern Star newspaper , 1 had a strong suspicion that the parties connected with that journal must be aware of facts that could throw light upon tbe subject . I accordingly proceeded to the office of tbat paper , and while in conversation with some parties who appeared to be engaged in the printing department , my attention was attracted to a stench of no ordinary character . I requested permission to examine the apartment from which it came , and being refused admission , and the manner of refusal considerably strengthening my suspicion , I instantly dispatched a note to Sir James Graham , who promptly sent a _re-inforcement of the Loudon police to assist in

      Murder Of Whiggery, And Discovery Of The...

      making tho necessary search , the result of which was the discovery ofthe remains which are the subject of the present enquiry . _ .,.. , Coroner : Were the remains so concealed as to lead you to the presumption that the parties in care , of the apartment and the custody of the property therein must have heen cognizant of the concealment ? Witness : Oh ! I have no doubt of it . Coroner : Did you arrest any of the parties ? Witness : Yes ; theprisoner , Feargus O'Connor . ( Great sensation . ) Coroner : Have you any reason to suppose that a murder has been committed , and if so , have you any reasonable conjecture as to whose remains those are that constitute the subject of the present inquiry ?

      Witness : Yes ; I have no doubt that they are the remains of Whiggery , who was missing since July 1841 . Coroner : That ' s a long titueago , nearly four years and a half , what reason have you for supposing that the remains are those of Whiggery ? Witness ; Because I was in the service of deceased , and was in the habit of seeing him daily . Coroner : Well , but still the body being so

      frightfully mutilated it ia going great lengths to swear to the identity . Were there any marks to which you can distinctly swear . Witness : Yes , sir ; _perhapayou are not aware that the whole family was missed about the same time . I can swear to the head , the body , and the limbs of my master , they were so remarkably small . Moreover , I know the head by a mole that was under the left ear . I can swear to the nose of Master Cam that was

      considerably turned . I can also swear to the nose of Mr . Charles that had a twist , and lus legs , that were very long . Coroner : Then , upon the whole , youhave no doubt upon your mind that the remains you have seen today were those of departed Whiggery ? Witness : None whatever . Coroner : And you swear that you found those remains concealed in a suspicious manner in an office ofthe Northern Star newspaper , of which the prisoner ii the proprietor ? Witness : I do .

      The next witness was Lord Grey , who gave his evidence as follows : —I am one of tiie nearest relatives of the deceased . I am first COZEN to the deceased , and was very intimate with him . I seldom saw de > ceased from July , 1841 , till Tuesday last , when I attended atthe family residence , Chesham-place , by invitation , when deceased appeared dejected and melancholy . By the Coroner : Do you know the prisoner ? Witness : Yes : well . It is Feargus O'Connor . Coroner : Had you any conversation with the deceased relative to the prisoner ? Prisoner : I object to any conversation being given in evidence at which I was not present .

      Coroner : Then I'll put it in another shape . Have you any reason for supposing that tbe prisoner was in any way instrumental in producing the death of deceased ? Witness : Yes , I have no doubt of it . Prisoner became acquainted with the deceased in the early part of the year 1833 , and upon several occasions I have seen deceased receive violent treatment at the hands of the prisoner .

      Coroner : State the occasions . Witness : I could not , they were so numerous . I have heard the prisoner declare that he never would rest satisfied until he had destroyed deceased . Coroner : Did you apprise the deceased of this fact ? Witness : 0 yes , frequently . Deceased was perfectly aware ofit , and so great was his apprehension , that about 1840 he had the prisoner confined for eighteen months .

      Coroner : When was the last time you saw the prisoner strike the deceased ? Witness : Whenever he had an opportunity , and especially on every Saturday . Coroner : With what did he strike him on those occasions ? Witness : With a deadly instrument , which he calls the Northern Star . Coroner : What was the state of deceased ' s mind when you saw him latterly ? Witness : In 1834 he became dejected , and I think the constant ill-treatment he received at the hands of the prisoner brought on a state of nervousness , which led to total prostration .

      Coroner : Was there anything about the conduct of deceased that led you to doubt his sanity ? _WitneBB * . Yes ; I must confess that at times he appeared to me rather strange . He spoke vaguely of the poor being starved , and policemen having the care of them . He sometimes fancied himself an Irish peasant , and started from his sleep , exclaiming , that policemen had entered his hut at night , and illtreated his wife and daughters , and that he had beentransportedby acourt-martial ; andhefrequently exclaimed , the "Dorchester labourers , " the " Glasgow cotton spinners , " " Cook , of MitcheMevar , " and "Frost ; " and then he became very much ex . cited , and would repeat the word , " Stroud , Stroud ! It was Stroud that made me a murderer' "

      Coroner : Pray , my Lord , from the evidence you give , have you any reason to suppose that deceased committed suicide ? Witness : It was always my impression that he felt life very irksome , and indeed he stated as much . But then the state in which the body was found forbids such a conclusion . Coroner : We had better now examine the doctor . Dr . Peel was then called in , and gave his evidence as follows : —I had known the deceased for many years ; we were playfellows together . We were very intimate , and I have been his medical attendant since 1832 . From that time , to the autumn of 1834 , I found it necessary to use harsh measures with deceased , as he became refractory , and showed evident symptoms of monomania .

      Coroner : Fray , doctor , what waa the character of his monomania ? Dr . Peel : Why he spoke a great deal of " skilley " and " starvation . " From 1834 , to the spring of 1835 , 1 continued the harsher treatment , when , finding his malady increased , I indulged him in his several caprices till July , 1841 , when I found him so debilitated , that I felt it necessary to prevent him from all interference with public affairs , and from that period to his death he contracted several chronic diseases , brought about , I have no doubt , by maltreatment , as , on making a post mortem examination , I find wounds upon every part of the body and limbs . Coroner : Were those wounds sufficient to cause death ?

      Dr . Peel : Decidedly . Coroner : Was the body in such a state that you could recognise it as the remains of Whiggery ? Dr . Peel : Yes , decidedly ; I have no doubt upon my mind . There were peculiar marks that have been described by a previous witnesB . Coroner : Do you know the prisoner ? Dr . Peel : Yes , perfectly ; well . Coroner : Have you ever heard deceased complain of treatment he has received from the prisoner ?

      Dr . Peel : I have heard him not only complain , but I have seen the prisoner treat him most barbarously in my own presence . Coroner : When did you seo deceased last alive ? Dr . Peel : On Tuesday last . Coroner : In what state did you find him then ? Dr . Peel : Why , he had so far rallied , that I felt inclined to abate some of my previous restrictions , and to allow him to amuse himself with public affairs ; but I _veqflEoon discovered that he was

      Murder Of Whiggery, And Discovery Of The...

      totally unfit for the task , and Iheard no more of him till I received the melancholy tidings of his death . Sergeant Wilde : Mr . Coroner , I think the jury have now heard enough to warrant their finding a verdict of wilful murder against the prisoner . ; The Foreman : Mr . Coroner , we have made up our minds long ago ; indeed , before we heard any evidence Coroner : Prisoner , you have heard the evidence . Have you anything to offer in your defence ? but whatever you say will be taken downin writing , and may be used against you .

      Prisoner : No ; I shall reserve what I have to say for the proper opportunity , merely observing , for my own justification , that when the proper time arrives I shall he able to prove that it was the second witness , Lord Grey , and not I , who was the immediate cause of deceased ' s death . ( Great sensation . ) The Court was immediately cleared , when the jury returned a verdict of Wilful Murder against the prisoner , who was instantly committed to Newgate upon the coroner ' s warrant .

      N-*« A--«Ihhhhn The Funeral. Eleven O'Cl...

      n- _*« _a-- « _IHHHHn THE FUNERAL . Eleven o ' clock on Tuesday last being appointed as the hour when the remains of Whiggery were to leave Downing-street , to which place they had been removed after the inquest , every avenue in the neighbourhood was densely crowded . The numerous relatives and friends of the deceased had arrived at an early hour in the morning , and precisely at the hour appointed the melancholy procession was formed , and proceeded through Scotland-yard , Hungerford-market , St . Martin ' s-lane , _Monmouthstreet , to St . Giles's ( where the remains were interred ) , in the following order : — - — --- — — — _*/ . _>__ >

      Page of the deceased on Horseback . Six mourited Policemen , Two and Two . The Poor Law Commissioners and Paupers of Westminster , Carrying the Poor Law Amendment Act , Two and Two . The Dorchester Labourers Carrying the Combination Act , Two and Two . 'The Canadian Rebels Carrying their Pardon , Two and Two . The Wives and Families of Frost , Williams , Jones , and Ellis , Two and Two .

      The Glasgow Cotton Spinners Two and Two . The _Mothers and Widows of Shell , Holberry , Clayton , and Duffy In deep mourning , Two and Two .

      Containing Daniel O'Connell , the chief mourner , Richard Lalor Shiel , Thomas Steele , David Pigot , Thomas Wyse , and Sir Henry Winston Barron . Friends and relatives of Mr . O'Connell , Two and Two . The Irish Chiefs of Police Carrying the Coercion Bill , Two and Two . Members of the Conciliation Hall , Carrying the Judgment of Lords Denman , Cottenbara , and Campbell , Two and Two . Poor Law Guardians , and Paupers of the Strand Union , Two and Two .

      Procession of Infant Factory Operatives , all lame and distorted , Two and Two . The Whig Cabinet in deep mourning , wearing _scarfB and hat-bands ( Lords _Palmerston and Grey in front ) , Two and Two . Understrappers to the Whig Cabinet , in deep mourning , Two and Two . Procession of Rathcormac Widows , in deep

      mourning ( two and two ) , singing The Irish Hullagone . Hullagone ! Hullagone ! Whiggery , what made you die f What made you die ? 0 ! yea , yea , yea , Whiggery , Hullagone , hullagone , What made you die ? Dr . Peel's private carriage , with the blinds up , and servants in deep mourning . The Whipper-in To the Whig Government , on horseback .

      N-*« A--«Ihhhhn The Funeral. Eleven O'Cl...

      The vast procession was followed by a large concourse of the working classes and the private carriages of the numerous relatives and friends of the deceased closed the mournful train . It is but right to state , that the streets through which the procession passed were lined on each side with cavalry , while the police , with their staffs , were busily engaged in keeping order ; several indecent attempts being made toiiteult the remains of deceased . Indeed , it was as much as the military and police could

      possibly do to suppress that indignation which was apparently manifested throughout the whole line of procession . However , by the excellent arrangements made by the authorities , the procession reached its destination—St . Giles' Church—precisely at twenty minutes past two , when the remains were met at the church gates by the ReY . Mr . Skinflint , the rector , who performed the funeral service , after which the chaplain of the deceased preached a pathetic sermon , from the foUowing text ;•—

      "HOW ARE THE MIGHTY FALLEN !" The remains were then deposited in the family vault , after which the friends and relatives of deceased returned to Downing-street , where , to their dismay and astonishment , they discovered the family mansion was closed , ai d hills posted upon the window shutters , with the following words in large letters : — \ REMOVED TO ST . GILES' .

      Ar00111

      , S Vi T ®| T Ji«Tj Tm Mm, I Am) Nationa...

      , ®| t Ji _« _tj tm Mm , AM ) NATIONAL TRADES' JOURNAL .

      X I « To Vol. . No. 426. London, Saturda...

      X I _« to VOL . . NO . 426 . LONDON , SATURDAY , JANUARY 10 , 1846 . ! j _^*™«» , - - ___________ = — - ______ —— . ' _JKive _aiuinngs and Sixpence pel * Quarter

      Fmton Htimimmt*

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      France. Louis Phihppe Received On Thursd...

      FRANCE . Louis Phihppe received on Thursday , on the occasion of the new year , the members of the corps diplomatique , the Presidents and deputations of the two Chambers , the Archbishop of Paris , and other dignitaries of the State . In reply to the President of thc Chamber of Deputies , he said" I am happy to acknowledge with you the powerful aid we . derived from the co-operation of the Chamber of Deputies in weathering the storms with which we were assailed , and in bringing the vessel of the state into harbour , where we aro so happy , so proud , and so glorious to behold it to-day . Strengthened by that co-operation , that union , those sentiments , and that appreciation of all the blessings conferred upon France by Providence , we henceforth defy all the attempts of agitators to compromise the ¦ 'rcat and fortunate results we achieved . With your

      affection , with the support of public opinion and the general co-operation of the nation , we will accomplish the exalted destines of France ; we will continue to secure at the same time the happiness of rich and poor ; we will maintain all the liberties . Upon them rest the advantages wehave acquired . We will teach all classes of society __ to appreciate them more and more , to know that in wishing to exceed them they destroy them , and to be gratefal to God for the blessings we enjoy . Whatever value may be attached to my life , the trust committed to me by France—her institutions and liberties—shall be faithfully kept by her children . I thank you for your acknowledgment of their _devotedness and patriotism . I am happy to express to you once more the affection I feel for the Chamber of Deputies , and my gratitude for yourgood wishesin behalf of the Queen , my family , and myself . "

      The Ciumbkks . —On Saturday the Minister of Finance presented to the Chamber of Depute the estimates ol * 1846 . The Minister , after entering into an expose of the financial situation ofthe country , which he described as prosperous , observed , that notwithstanding the engagement he had taken last year to submit to the Legislature a measure for the reimbursement of the Five per Cent , stock , he felt obliged to postpone that presentation , and to wait for more opportune circumstances . The Minister of Marine next deposited on the table a project of law demanding an extraordinary credit of 93 , 000 , 000 f . for naval constructions and supplying the arsenals . It is expected that the public debate on the address will not commence before Monday next . " We regret , " says Galignani , " to announce the death of Mr . Lewis Goldsmith ( father of Lady Lyndhurst ) , which took place last night ( Monday ) , at his residence , in the Ruede la Paix .

      SWITZERLAND . We take the following from the Times . — "'She intelligence from _Switzerland published by the Paris journal refers to a political incident which was likely to complicate the situation of the canton of Vaud . M . _Bluntschli _, in opening , as president , the session of the Grand Council of Zurich , cast a _i-etrospective view on the recent events of the country , and particularly those that passed in the canton of Vaud , which he reproved in the strongest terms . He then energetically protested , in conclusion , against the revolutionary tendency of the ruling party . Thc language of that high functionary caused a lively irritation in the canton of Vaud . M . Druey , its dictator , assumed to himself a portion of those re-Droaclies , and presented tothe Grand Council of that

      canton a motion to tho effect of demanding explana- _, tions j and , if necessary , a reparation from the Government of Zurich . A stormy debate ensued , M . Druey was vehemently attacked , but , as he disposes of tlie majority , he prevailed on thc Assembly to adopt the following resolution : — 'The Grand Council rejects with indignation the insulting and calumnious words pronounced by the President of tlie Grand Council of the canton of Zurich . It direets the Council of State to forward this protest to the Government of Zurich , the present Federal Directory , to call for explanations ; and , if they be not satisfactory , to insist on a just and prompt reparation . ' The Government of Zurich had not yet replied to that communication , but it was known to be little disposed to acquiesce in the injunctions of M . Druey . " ,

      ITALY . THE COMING BEVOLUTION . A storm is gathering throughout Italy which will probably burst before the present year is six months old . In Rome the seeds of trouble are springing up and bearing fruit daily . The Pope ' s government had thought proper to publish a reply to the pamphlets of Messrs . Canuti and Mazzini , on the condition of the inhabitants of the Pontificial dominions . There needs no rejoinder from Mr . Mazzini ; the people themselves are supplying the best answer to the Pope by their unmistakable disaffection . In vain do "his _Iloliiiess's" provincial governors assure the people that their prosperity forms the constant object of the cares of eovernment . The people are incredulous .

      Rumours of approaching dearth , founded or unfounded , have been circulated through the Papa States , and they whose scanty means of subsistence Jay them most open to apprehensions , have more than once been excited to acts of violence by beholding cargoes of corn and provisions leaving tho ports . Recently a very characteristic scene took place at Itimini , where the _paople seem to have acquired an appetite for insurrection . A quantity of grain was about to be shipped ou board an Austrian vessel , when the citizens rose , took the affair into their own hands , compelled the merchants to sell their corn at a low price on the spot , and even proceeded so lar as to insult the Austrian flag . None of the offenders were punished , possibly it was found impracticable to

      discover them . The exiles , who have taken refuge m Malta and Corfu , and are there supposed to be planning fresh descents upon the coasts of the Adriatic , occasion "his Holiness" no little anxiety . Report has attributed to the S panish General Prim , now in Italy , the design of joining thc refugees . We earnestly , hope the Italian patriots will have nothing to do with this adventurer . He is a traitor , and if ever a traitor merited the axe of popular justice , he merits it for his betrayal of tho brave Catalonians , and subsequent murderous warfare against the heroic people of Barcelona . Let thc Italians beware of him . Alarmed by this prospect of danger , his Holiness has implored the aid of Austria , which has sent him a frigate , three brigs , and a war-steamer , to protect him against the vengeance of his own exiles . Possibly , however , All the

      there may exist other causes of alarm . troops in the Papal States , wc are told , when quartered for a length of time in particular districts , have betrayed too strong an inclination to fraternise with the inhabitants , for which reason tlie system of frequent reliefs is to be adopted . Recent intelligence from Rome represents the Pope distributing medals of gold and silver to his mercenaries , whom he likewise harangued in good military style on tho valour they had displayed against the citizens of Rimini . Verily , the " holy" old sinner shakes in liis shoes . No doubt , influenced and overawed by surrounding despots , M . Belzoppi , the newly-elected President ol tlio republic ot San Marino , had convoked tlie Couccil-Oeiicral , and prevailed upon it to decree the expulsion of tlie insurgents of Rimini , SO in number , who had sought refuge on its territory .

      The Tuscan Government has adopted of late arbitrary measures towards the refugees , and ordered several to be delivered up to thc Papal authorities .

      France. Louis Phihppe Received On Thursd...

      Some Tuscans , convicted of having joined in the insurrectionary attempt , haye been sentenced to various terras of imprisonment . An illustration of the actual state of Italy occurred at Naples , during the visit of the Czar . A religious publication had , a short time previous , contained an article commenting on tke persecution of the Roman Catholics in Poland ; audit being feared that a copy IImight find its way into the hands ofthe Imperial Visitor , the police were sent round on a domiciliary visit to all who subscribed to the work , requiring them to deliver it up to the government , with a promise that it should be restored after the Emperor ' s de parture !

      Throughout a large portion of the King of Sardinia ' s territories the precursors of agrarian disturbances have been strikingly manifesting themselves Bands of incendiaries , it is said , excited by external agencies , and impelled by political motives , have spread themselves under cover of darkness throughout the country , firing ricks , and barns , and farmsteads , Thc tools of the Sardinian despotism denounce the Communists of the Canton de Vaud ( Switzerland ) , as the authors or abettors of these acts of incendiarism . They assert that proclamations have been discovered in the localities ot the fires , addressed to the Savoyards , inciting them to make com mon cause with the Communists for the purpose of overthrowing the government . These reports must be received with caution . One thing is certain , the Communists ofthe Canton de Vaud are just now

      terrifying the despots and aristocracies both of Switzerland and all the neighbouring countries . May they march on conquering and to conquer . Thus hastens the future . Louis Philippe crieB " peace , " while war is at hand . The war of the people against their oppressors . He defies the " agitators , " and cries " we have conquered them . " Poor silly old man . You have been a cunning man for your time , but you are but a lool as regards the future . The '' agitators " are stronger than ever . A day ia coming when your sons and your sons' sons will turn pale 1 MovBMEi « 8 of TnE Russian Autocrat . — The Augsburgh Gazette states that the Emperor of Russia , whose arrival in Venice on the 24 th has already been announced , had on the 26 th reviewed the troops in that city . The Emperor wore the uniform of an Austrian Hussar . An immense concourse of people collected to get a sight of the Czar .

      UNITED STATES . _Liveiipool , Tuesday . _EvENiso . —By the arrival of the packet ship New York , Captain Cropper , from the port after which she is named , we have received papers of the 16 th and 17 th ult . inclusive . These papers contain nothing definite as to the Oregon question . On the 12 th of December , Mr . Buchanan had an interview of several hours with Mr . Pakenham , but it is not known , though it is surmised , that the Oregon question was brought in some form under consideration .

      An old man named Barnett , and his wife , were hung for murder , at _Fayefcville , Arkansas , on the Gth of December , their aon being also in prison for the same crime , There have been serious fires in New York , Saratoga , Greenville , Lockkmd Mills ; while at East Brooklyn , Tucker ' s rope-manufactory , value 50 , 000 dollars has been destroyed . At Quebec Captain Gabriel Chebot , of the vessel Dorchester , was accidentally killed . At Warsaw , on the 6 th , Mrs . Winn , a respectable lady , was killed by theaccidental discharge of a rifle which she was removing . Mr . Merlin was found murdered near Rochester . Joseph Jacobs , Esq ., of De Solo county , Mississippi , was killed on the 9 th by being thrown from his _hotse .

      John Briscoe , Esq ., planter , was killed at Richmond , Louisiana , in a quarrel , by a man named Garratt . Mr . Briscoe was formerly In the Senate of Louisiana . Mr . Dearmon , a sheriff , was killed on Tuesday , near Lynchburg , Virginia , by a lawyer named May . At Saratoga a man named _M'Kintry was killed , having been stabbed in eighteen places , by one Wilcock , who afterwards tried to hang himself , but was cut down before he was dead , and is now in gaol . The French ship Emilie was wrecked , during tlie late gales , on Cape Henry . The captain " , _jtyjfct and several hands were saved , hut many were drowned . Several vessels have been lost on Lake Erie . A smaU trunk was stolen from the Waltham stage , containing nearly 20 , 000 dollars in bank bills .

      ALGERIA . The Journal des Debats publishes despatches from Algeria of the 23 th ultimo , which announce that on the 18 th General Bedeau _hadja warm engagement on the left bank of the Isser with Ben Salem , who had advanced within sight of Algiers . The Arabs were completely routed with the loss of forty killed , and in their flight abandoned a quantity of arms and ammunition . In the province of Oran General Korte accomplished some successful razzias , which were Mowed by the submission of numerous tribes . Marshal Bugeaud was at Ain Peskeria , eight leagues from Toniet-el-IIad , where he had proceeded to procure a supply of provisions , with the intention of forming a junction with General Joussouf , who was still in pursuit ol" Abd-el-Kader in the south . The death of the celebrated Bou-Maza is contradicted in these despatches .

      Crate* #Lobemmt&

      Crate * # _lobemmt _&

      National United Association Op Trades Fo...

      National United Association op Trades fob the Pbotection-of Industbi _. —A meeting of the central committee W _^ s Held at the trades office , 30 } Hyde-street , Bloomsbury , on Monday , January Sth . Jfr . Bush , _vicepresident , in the chair . Messrs , Milne and Boyle attended as a deputation from the general committee for getting up an entertainment in honour of the honourable member for Finsbury , on the 21 st instant , to request the co-operation of the trades on that occasion . The deputies having been heard it was unanimously resolved— " That the _gtmeral committee do attend the soiree in a body , and

      use all their influence to induce their several trades to attend likewise . " Letters were read from the frame work-knitters of Belton , announcing their adhesion , aud enclosing cash . From the block printers of Lancashire , Yorkshire , Derbyshire , Cheshire , aud Cumberland , an . nouncing their intention to amalgamate with the United Trades ; from the handloom weavers of Wigan announcing their adhesion to the number of 800 * , from the framework-knitters of Heanor district , Derby , announcing their adhesion ; and from the Nottingham framework-knitters , announcing the adhesion of 110 additional members . Letters were also received from a considerable number of provincial trades requesting information .

      The Conference of rut Miners' Association was held at the house of Mr . A . Aldred , Queen's Head Inn , Ilkeston , Derbyshire , when a goodly uumber of these brave men assembled to consider the best means of extending the association . It is but just and fair to observe , that lhe candour and straightforwardness of the delegates in giving their opinions pro and con , on the different subjects brought before them , would have done credit to assemblies whose pretensions are much greater . The following meetings of the colliers of the district have been held : —Monday , Jan . 5 th , Messrs . Smith , Duro , and Jude , addressed a goodly band of the miners of Kimberley , iu the large room of Mr . "Wass _, _^ Horse aud Groom , The room was densely crowded . The same evening Messrs . Clark and Berry addressed the miners of

      Eastwood with effect . On Tuesday evening , 6 th , the colliers of Brinsley gathered together to hear addresses by Messrs . Clark and _Walsby . The _jsame evening Messrs . Stokoe , Ilall , and Duro , delivered excellent addresses to the miners of Cotmanhay , On each ofthe above occasions the speakers were well received , and a most excellent spirit prevailed . No doubt but that the men of Derby and Nottinghamshire will see the propriety and utility of again coming forward to join the association in their wonted numbers . This evening a meeting will take place in the large room , where thc conference is being held , when W . P . Roberts , Esq ., is expected to attend , and several ofthe coal masters have promised to be present , —[ There was no date to the above letter , nor was it stated therein when the conference commenced its sittings , but we suppose on Monday last . ]

      The New Ministry. The Following Has Been...

      THE NEW MINISTRY . The following has been published as the official list of the members of the rc-constructcd Cabinet of Sir Robert Peel : — Sir Robert Peel , First Lord ofthe Treasury . Sir J . R . G . Graham , Secretary of State for the Home Department . Lord Lyndhurat , Lord Chancellor . The Duke of Buccleuch , Lord President of the Council . The Duke of "Wellington , Commander in Chief . The Earl of Aberdeen , Secretary for Foreign Affairs . Thc Earl of Haddington , Lord Privy Seal . Tho Earl of Ripon , President of the Board of Control .

      Tho Right Hon . II . Goulburn , Chancellor of the Exchequer . Lord Granville Somerset , Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster , Earl of Lincoln , First Commissioner of Land Revenues . The Right lion . Sidney Herbert , Secretary at War . The following are the new members of the Cabinet : — The Earl of Dalhousie , President of the Board of Trade . The Earl of EUcnborough , First Lord of the Admiralty . The Earl of St . Germans , Postmaster General . The Right Hon . "W . Gladstone , Secretary for the Colonics . Lord Lyttelton , Mr . Gladstone ' s brother-in-law , is to succeed Mr . Hopo , as Under-Secretary for the Colonies .

      Moiav Maouhie Is Dublin. —Tho Caso Of Mr...

      Moiav Maouhie is Dublin . —Tho caso of Mr , Alley , of Artonc , has been followed up by an attempt to murder the overseer to Mr . George Woods , of Milvorton , a magistrate of tlie county of Dublin . The name of the intended victim was Samuel King , * and while sitting at his own table , on Saturday evening , a shot was tired in through the window , which fortunately did not talcs _cilect . The Lord-Lieutenant has ottered a reward of £ 100 for the discovery of the perpetrator ofthe outrage ,

      I • .-J" *** ' ¦4^ \ " V W I "* *

      i .-j " *** ' ¦ 4 _^ " V w _"* *

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), Jan. 10, 1846, page 1, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns3_10011846/page/1/