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Northern Star (1837-1852), 12th January 1850, Edition 3 of 3, Page 3

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      Poland And Hungary. Comparison Ofthe Yea...

      POLAND AND HUNGARY . Comparison ofthe year 1794 . when Poland fell , with the W Taw _Ttfcea _Htmearv was overpowered by savages , and _SJJSKb * _" _fSSarianEmperoraMeet . Scarce half a cent ' ry yet hath rolled away , Sincenorthern tigers feasted on their prey ! Foland was then , by force compelled to yield To brig and arms , and sink beneath their shield ! Yea his ' try ' s pages still in anger heaves , At crimes that darkly stain the folded leaves ; They tell of deeds which makes the heart to chill , And stagnate into hate , ' gainst Northern _1 MU Of " Royal Robbers , " who , their age disgraced , And Poland , Europe ' s brightest gem , defaced !

      Does power of kings , in plunder only shine , To tell the world they reign by laws divine ? Speak out each page , historic of the world , And let the darkest page be now unfurled ; "Wipe offthe the mildew spots , and let there shine The lig ht of darkness through each crowded line ; And then the black comparison we'R know , _"Between those years or'blood , and crime , and woe ! Shall flaynau ' s carnage with Suwarrows vie , In ghastly horror , and in purple dye ? Shall "Danube ' s rolling tide to ages tell , How tyrants conquered , and how freedom fell ? Or shall the waves of Thesis gladly speak ,

      Of triumph g lowing on the freeman ' s cheek , The harbinger of brighter triumphs still , "When Dembinski shall bend each tyrant ' s will ? And phoenix , like the freeman ' s power will rise , And sweep the tyrants from beneath the skies ! Remembered long wiU be that ghastly , day , When BatthyauTs * butcher gorged his prey I "Waved hi g h the scroll , _f the licence of a king-Did that assassin , Haynau , vilest thing , That crawled npon the brave Hungarian soil , And noble victims sought for vengeful spoil , Dastard avaunt ! no freeman ' s grave awaits . A thing so vile , whom all tbe world now hates ! Waxsbeck .

      * Baron Haynau, It Appears, Complains Th...

      * Baron Haynau , it appears , complains that his authority fcasbeen disregarded by those who had presumed to execute Count Batthyani , by shooting that nobleman , it being Baron Haynan ' s express command that the Count should die bv the bauds of the common hangman . t When Haynau was remonstrated with respecting his crneltv , ho replied , thus , holding np the Emperor » « warrant of unlimited power : — "They say I am fiend , * tiger , a hyena , but I care not , and they shall feel the rail force of m v unlimited power to punish . "

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      The "W Orks Of <*F . P. R. James. Parlou...

      THE "W ORKS OF _<* f . P . R . JAMES . Parlour library Edition . Vol . I .: Tht Gipsy ; Vol . II .: One in a Thousand-London : Simms and M'Intyre , Paternoster Row . _Hotels and romances "heretofore published at the aristocratic price of thirty shillings , may now be purchased for a single coin of , that denomination . The volumes before ns . afford

      another and remarkable proof of the enterprising sp irit of Messrs . Simms and _M'Initre . The author , too , is entitled , to the thanks of the public for his share in this laudable undertaking . Mr . James thus expresses the motives and objects which have induced him to assent to this cheap re-publication of his works : — . If works of a good and elevating tendency were as cheap and easily procurable as the debasing trash which isdailv poured forth npon the public , at a

      very low rate , the poisoned stream at which so many drink would be , if not altogether dried up , at least greatly diminished . * » * But if we place a floodgate to dam up the purer stream , -we compel our fellow-men to have recourse to foul and corrrupted sources . * * : * The office ofthe art of printing is not only to perpetuate but to diffuse ; and one-half of its _utility is lost if we put a barrier against theexercise of its influence npon the unwealthy classes by immoderate

      prices . "With such views , it was natural I should hail with pleasure an attempt made by an old-established and respectable firm , to cany out my views to the utmost possible extent , and that I should see with great satisfaction , rapid and extraordinary success attending their efforts . A piebian myself , my strongest sympathies are , of course , with my own class , and it has given me ho light gratification , within the last two vears , on entering many a

      _cottage , and many a tradesman s dwelling , to and a little range of books calculated to amuse and interest , as well as to instruct and to elevate . "When an opportunity was afforded me by a proposal from the publishers to whom I have alluded , of sending forth my own political productions at a price which would place them within the reach of all , I gladly seized it , in the hope that I mi g ht contribute something , however small , to the improvement and to the happiness of my

      fellowmen . . Mr . James ' s works Laving been long before the public , it is only necessary to state , that , in this marvellously cheap edition they are given without any curtailment . Of course the sale ' will he enormous .

      The Pifflic Good. No. I.: January. Londo...

      The Pifflic Good . No . I .: January . London : C . Gilpin , 5 , Bishopsgate-street . This is a new monthly publication , remarkably cheap , consisting of thirty-two small octavo pages , and sold for two-pence . In politics it is of tiie Stur e and Vescext school;—advocates parliamentaryreform , directtaxation , tbe peace princi ple , teetotalism , early closing , & c ., & c . The contents of the first number include essays on politics , political economy , history , morals , & e ., & c . For extract we select an article from the pen of the editor : —

      _ESOLASD ' s _WEAKNESS A 5 D EKGLAKD S SIBEKGIH . Doubtless , any one who views the character and condition of England , may see many things which wring his heart , and make it bleed with pity . He may see thousands in rags and wretchedness—he may see men and women , who could work and gain an honest livelihood if they could , but they cannot , as thev have no work to do—he may see young men behind the counter , or the desk , working from early morn till late at night , tired , exhausted and prostrated , physically and mentally—he may see women —ves , tender , beautiful women , who deserve a " better destiny , ply ing the needle for sixteen , _eighteen , and twenty hours a day , aud that for the most _nal ' try pittance—and he may see , on the other

      hand , a proud and pampered aristocracy , rolling m xiche 3 , and fining sumptuously every day , and who expend enough in extravagance to feed starving myriads—he may see a huge national debt , which too significantly forebodes national bankruptcy—he may see taxes indirectly , wrung from the working and commercial classes , and recklessly appropriated to unwarrantable purposes—he may see game-laws which exist for the privileged few , and to which the comfort and happiness of innumerable families have been sacrificed—he may see a church , many of whose bishops and dignitaries live in wealth and splendour , and many of whose hard-working curates almost starve for the bread that perisheth—he may see immense tracts of unpurchaseable waste lands ,

      and thousands of famishing men remaining idle—he may see rich and extensive landowners dying , and leaving their entailed estates to their eldest sons , while the other members of their families are left almost wholly unprovided for , and who cannot dig , and to beg ashamed , but , who by political influences aud corruption , are lifted into places to be maintained in affluence by the pHblic purse—he may see intemperance with its million palaces , where no other God but Bacchus is worshipped , and whose worshippers have desolation written on their countenances and their homes—he may see untold numbers of England ' s fairest women brought to shame and infamy , and wbo pass through life plucking flowers , which only grow on the paths of iniquity

      and around the margin of the grave—he may see gibbets to which women , in all the glow and freshness of youth , are forcibly carried to be publicly executed , when their shrieks pierce the skies , and rend the hearts of congregated thousands—he may _gae Smichfieldsand their gory appurtenances , where cruelties are perpetrated on dumb , unoffending animals , which would stain the annals of the barbarons ages—he may see towns nndrained , houses unventilated , and their inhabitants correspondingl y dirty ; localities where diseases breed , and _deatn rots—he may gee the spirit of selfishness pervading the commercial transactions of the people , and competition in its pitiless sway , trampling on the weak and unfortunate , reckless of benevolence and many other considerations which shonld nourish ' and gladden life—he mav see ienorance enthroned in

      toe minds , and wrapping its gloomy mantle around the prospects of millions : and deeper than any of these evils which are observable on the surface , ttay he-seen ¦ _ni » andmbral "' degradation in _count-^ j _® _Jhapes , holding captive the bodies and minds of T . w the _™ L » bright _sb well as dark side to the picture . _W nave nofc on j national y iceS t _bnj na . ™ j" _" _** " _«* Doubtless , there has always been a great deal of active benevolence , and sterling St ™? 1 ? 0 * 1 * _Population ; hutnever , I trow , as _»« eh ¦ _Represent time . 'If we have organised , tav 2 fc _^ B haTC "to mm organised into societies so _eSL"toTO _snch wron - We k _*™ missionary . _tiari _« - ° I home Md abroad—we have _penitentow : _"Varies , and hospitals supported by tug ?** contributions . * We have peace societies s to remove war systems and the war spirit

      The Pifflic Good. No. I.: January. Londo...

      from the _world-temperauoe societies battling with intemperance—educational institutions subjugating ignorance—parliamentary and financial reform associations , labouring for . the political elevation of the people—sanitary commissions and boards of health sweeping our streets and closing reeking graveyards—benefit societies , building societies , insurance companies-associations to budd washin _g bouses , model lodging houses ; and a thousand other associations , for a thousand other purposes . I do not mean to say that all these associations fulfil all they promise , and that associations and the principle of co-operation may not be abused . I have merely to deal with the fact , that the people are beginning to see the potency and practicability of co-operating together , for the multiplication of means for comfort and elevation . I see in this fact one of the grand characteristics of the age ,

      and it tells where England is going , and what she will be , as significantly as any feature or circumstance of the nineteenth century . England with her omnipotent public opiuion , her liberties and hospitalities , stands like a beacon amongst the nations ofthe earth . She is the home ofthe refugee and exile , and the centre to which men of letters and commercial p rinces resort . Yes , "England , with all thy faults , I love the still . " Glorious has been thy past with all its crimes , and more glorious will be thy future . Thou has shaken the world and desolated nations with war ; and thou wilt , in years to come , devote thy matchless strength and inexhaustible resources to consolidating the peace and promoting the prosperity of all peoples . Though errors fester in thy bosom—though injustice and suffering impair thy mightiness—thou shalt weather the storm , and gradually grow stronger , holier , and happier .

      An Earnest Appeal To The Middle Classes....

      An Earnest Appeal to the Middle Classes . B y A Working Man . Manchester : J . Leach , 42 , Turner-street . This is a spirited address to the middle classes by one who has suffered in his own person the wrongs he exposes . The author ' s manner will be understood from the following extract : — If the working classes look for help to those whom their labour has raised to affluence , they point to the number of their children as proof of their folly and imprudence , and to the uncultivated wastes of Australia or Van Diemens Land

      as havens of refuge for the destitute ! If they look to the press—that mighty power for evil or for good —it , too , delig hts to blacken with infamy the virtuous struggles of honest men , and lauds their tyrant rulers as bountiful dispensers of benefits to whom Hay should gratefully bow in silent subjection , If they turn to the laws of their country for redress , they proclaim the sons of poverty as vagrants , idlers , ana impostors , allied against that prosperity they , are made to protect ; if they turn to the judges and executors ofthe law , they are looked upon as a nuisance in society , and are , therefore , cast away without mercy .

      Wc understand that this pamphlet may be had of Mr . A . Heywood , and all other Manchester booksellers .

      Protection For Native Industry. On Monda...

      PROTECTION FOR NATIVE INDUSTRY . On Monday night a public meeting of the working classes , convened under thc auspices of the _National Association for the Organisation of Trades , was held in the Hall of the Edinburgh Castle , Stepney , for the purpose ( as stated in the hand-bill ) of adopting resolutions in favour of legislative protection for native industry , against ihe present unfair and ruinous system of competition ; and certainly it never fell to our lot to attend a meeting of a more stormy and clamorous character , or one which ended in a more signal discomfiture of the intentions of its promoters , than did the gathering in question . It was announced that Mr . George Frederick Young would take the chair . Before the hour for commencing the proceedings ( half-past

      seven ) , the hall was filled with working men . On the platform was Mr . Richard Oastler , Dr . Brookes , Mr . Paul Foskett , and other advocates for protection ; as well as Mr . Samuel Kydd , Mr . Campbell , Mr . . Clark , and other leaders ofthe Chartist party . Mr . G . F . Yousg was called to the chair amidst much confusion . There were between 2 , 000 and 3 , 000 persons present , and the numbers appeared to be so equally divided , that it was almost impossible to determine whether the ayes or noes for Mr . Young ' s election had it . Mr . Young , however , was duly installed into the presidential chair . The Chairmax , in opening the proceedings , remarked that he had always been the friend of free discussion . At tbe same time , he was bound to

      state that the present was / not a meeting for discussion , but for the purpose of hearing certain statements from persons who held the principles of protection . To revert , however , to the business of the day , be must say , that from tbe first moment his attention had been directed to the subject , he had been persuaded that the system at present adopted was deeply injurious to the working classes . For many years past the labouring classes had been bandied about between the political economists on the one hand , and on the other hand by the opponents of that system . ( A voice— " Yes , andparticularly by the Protectionists . " ) Yes , the . labouring classes had been victimised by all classes of politicians—by "Whigs , Tories , Free-traders , and Protectionists . ( Hear , hear . ) ' The time had now arrived when the working classes must determine

      for themselves what must be the issue of tne present question . Thequestion of protection to native industry always presented itself to him in this light . Mr . Young proceeded to show that the present system in reference to the claims of labour and capital was deficient . He stated that a wealthy manufacturer of Norwich had lately died having accumulated upwards of £ 350 , 000 . That man had been in the habit of paying his labourers 10 " rd . per day . He ( Mr . Toung ) would have had an order for two ships , for the labour connected with which he should have paid within the last few months between £ 5 , 000 and £ 6 , 000 in the neighbourhood of his residence had it not been for the free-trade system . Mr . Kxdd exerted his influence to obtain a fair hearing for both sides of the question ; and Mr . Ai 7 RfA _* _roKR Oampbeij . then rose to move ihe

      first resolution . He said the meeting , having entirely orig inated with the delegates of the London trades , he wished to mention that the Association for the Organisation of Trades had been two years in existence , having for its object the social and political improvement' of the condition of the labouring classes . He said it was by no means an impulse of the present moment which had originated this meeting , with a view . to . throwing their influences into the scale against contending parties , for in 1 S _& 8 , - before the breaking out ofthe French Revolution , the trades delegates who had called that meeting , met then to discuss the very same principles . They had met that night to discuss the rights of labour , on which all other rights

      depend —( hear , hear , from Mr . Foskett)—and they were determined not to rest till these rights were vindicated and secured . He had therefore to . propose to them the following resolution : — " That as lahour is the source of all wealth , it evidently follows that the prosperity and independence of Great Britain and her colonies will be best promoted by employing and protecting the greatest number of a healthy , industrious , intelligent , and moral population , wbich can be educated and comfortably maintained by their own industry ; and , therefore _, m the opinion of this meeting , it is the first and most important duty of the British Legislature , and her Majesty ' s Government , to adopt such measures as will best secure employment to every one ofthe

      population , and for their labour an abundance ofthe necessaries and comforts of life . " These were the principles tbey sought to vindicate . He' contended that labour was the source of all wealth , and by consequence that the greatest number of industrious , active , and intelligent labourers which could be supported in any country , was the best guarantee for promoting the prosperity of the country . ( A voice , "Yes , if you do away with machinery . ' ) The latter part of the resolution adverted to the duty of the government . He knew the political economists , so called , said the government had nothing to do with labour , that the labouring classes must do the best they conld for themselves , and that the government had onl y to make laws for the

      protection of property and capital . He maintained that the greatest capital in the kingdom was the labour ofthe people , but as their power of production had increased , and as wealth had been accumulated , the condition of the labouring people had been deteriorated in proportion . They : had been _supplanted'by scientific inventions , and by superabundance of labour in the market ; and they had been put into competition ono with another , and compelled to undersell each other in the market . That was the system of the political economists . ( "Ko , no , " «• hear , hear , " and disorder . ) He proceeded to remind them that the principle of freetrade was to buy in the cheapest market possible . He said the working of this principle in the

      manufacturing districts was attended with the most horrible consequences . ( "Oh , oh , " ) In the factories male labour bad been successively superseded by female and child labour , merely because the one was cheaper than the other . ( " Was that the effect of free trade * " ) The speaker then pointed to the destitution of Ireland as an illustration of the same principle ( but * voice in the meeting told him , " That ' s the landlords' doing . " ) He continued to argue that no country could be independent which depended on another for its food ; but he was interrupted frequently with hisses and groans and cheers throughout the remainder of his address . . TheCnAiRMANsaid hehadto ask their attention ; for their own sakes . to \

      _ Mr . Ferdinando , a Spitalfields silk weaver . He said : Various parties are now offering themselves to the working classes of this country . You have the Parliamentary and Financial Reformers —( loud cheers)—the Free-traders ofthe Manchester school ,

      Protection For Native Industry. On Monda...

      and what are termed the Protectionists ; ( Hisses and cries of " Order . " ) The trades have not leagued themselves with the Tory Protectionist party ; and as to the Manchester , School , we conceive their commercial principles are wrong ; and we know full well ; that . their labour principles are wrong : ( Cheers . ) You have no power to regulate your own prices of labour ; freedom of labour has no existence —it is rather freedom of robbery . ( Cheers . ) The regulation ofthe wages of labour by theiaw of supply and demand , does not secure us a fair day ' s wages for a fair day ' s work . ( " Shut up ; " laughter . ) Therefore the working men cannot rely upon the Manchester School . But if we are to have protection again , the mere restoration of the corn bill of Sir Robert Peel will not do . It must bo wide and comprehensive , aud the homo market must be

      secured to home industry . The monetary laws must be altered , too , and other changes effected . The old protective system , not the tariff of 1846 * gave prosperity to the Spitalfields silk weavers ; out Mr . Huskisson ' s measures in 1826 threw out of work 7 , 000 looms . The export trade of silk goods in 1836 and 1837 amounted in value to £ 900 , 000 , and in 1842 it amounted only to £ 530 , 000 . So that we exported only half a million , whilst wo imported two millions . Here is the good of the reciprocity system : you have a loss of something like a million and a half in your exchanges in the article of silk goods alone . ( Interruption . ) I ask , then , has free trade operated beneficially for the silk trade ? I" Certainly . " ) Under the old protective system

      the Spitalfields weaver earned his 14 s . a week ; at present he got no more than 6 s . They are suffering , with their families , ' a lingering execution—they are being " slowlymurdered by the cold-blooded p hilosophy of the Manchester School . ( Cheers , hisses , and confusion . ) 1 will tell you one more fact—( " You hav _' nt given us any yet—Bit down" )—during the late visitation of cholera , the disease notoriously proved most fatal where the destitution was greatest . ( Hisses . ) Mr . Thomas Clark said he stood forward to move a direct amendment on the resolution before the meeting , because he found that , with all its talk about protection , it took no notice of what was the greatest of all protection—the protection of the

      vote . ( Loud cheers . ) He discovered in these resolutions , submitted by the trades delegates of London , an endeavour to seduce the intelligent working class of London into lending themselves to a wild attempt to resuscitate protection . The last resolution in the list had a tail to it , which had heen cut off since the meeting assembled . He alluded to the words " praying her Majesty to dissolve Parliament , and thereby give an opportunity to those who hold the elective franchise in trust for the whole people to elect such representatives who will insure protection to . every class of her Majesty ' s subjects throughout the British empire . " So that he was correct in stating that the promoters of this meeting wished to mislead the working classes into a

      movement which would bind them hand and foot to those exclusive holders of the franchise who refused the people a ri g ht to vote for themselves . If Parliament were dissolved ,, the present unjustly limited constituency would doubtless return such men as Mr . Bushfeild Ferrand , ex-member for Knaresborougb , who , in a late speech in Scotland , lauded the conduct ofthe Emperor of Austria . ( Groans . ) That , he maintained , was not a fair representation of the intelligence of the working classes . The amendment he had to propose ran in the same words as the resolution itself , excluding , however , all re : ference to Protection ; and it finished with the following addition : "And this can be done , not by any further legislative interference , but bv the

      removal of all the remaining impediments to the free exercise of industry , and by the reduction of the amount and an alteration in the present unjust system of taxation —( hear , hear)—b y the repeal of the laws of primogeniture and entail —( cheers)—together with a system of parliamentary reform , embracing a suffrage which shall enfranchise the : whole adult male population ofthe country ; " ( Loud and general cheering . ) He did not wish to throw discredit upon those behind him on the platform ; but he must say the protection -which they wanted was not for working men ; it was no protection at all . Mr . Campbell , in speaking of Manchester , only told half the truth , and it therefore fell to his lot to tell the rest . He asked who they were that composed the manufacturing population at that moment ? Were they not persons who had been driven bv the

      tyranny of the landlords from the rural districts into the manufacturing towns ? Protection never could be re-imposed , and if it were , it could not advantage the Spitalfields weaver , who , for the last twenty years , under the influence of protection , had been suffering evils that had been daily increasing . Protection was never intended but to increase the price of the working men ' s food The Chaibman : No , no . ( Cries of " yes , yes ; go on Clark . " ) Mr . Clark : It was intended to get them a hi gher price forthe farmers' corn , and to add to the amount of the landlords' rent , and there their patriotism ended . Why . do they not reduce their rents to meet the low prices ? ( Cheers . ) Did any one present imagine the corn-law could ever he reimposed ? Mr . P . Foskett : Oh , no !

      Mr . Clark : Ah ! that touched the sore . ( Laughter . ) The speaker proceeded to state that wages had decreased in the manufacturing districts ; and he thought the expenditure of government ought to he reduced in proportion , and the . burdens shifted to the proper shoulders—to the shoulders ofthe landlords . As for Protection * the best protection they could have would be the non-interference of government with trade . The people knew their own business best , and could attend to it . : Thc speaker concluded' amid cheers , and cries of "Bravo !"

      Mr . Taixok seconded tho amendment . The protection that he wished for was to be protected in his cheap loaf . ( Cheers . ) Government had no right to interfere with commerce or religion : it ought to confine itself to the administration of justice . Did ( he asked ) that movement originate from the working classes desiring protection ? ( "Kb , no ! " and "Yes , yes ! " ) Surely the chairman must have sadly misunderstood the sentiments ofthe working men of that district ,, for if it had been them who had called the meeting , one would think they would have certainly supported him .

      Mr . Hatdon , a working man , next stood forward to support the amendment . They all knew that lahour was the source of all wealth ; hut the poor working man , who was the chief instrument in ac cumulating it , received none of it—it was all absorbed by _the'Protectionists and millionaires . If a gentleman had a horse , and worked it onl y half of theyear , he must provide it with food forthe rest of the twelve months ; but the moment the labouring man ' s work ceased , that moment his jaws ceased also . ( A laugh . ) Let them secure to themselves a voice in the Legislature , and then they could afterwards talk about adjusting the . question of capital and labour . ( Cheers . ) As to what the chairman

      had said about the competition of foreign shipbuilders , a Gateshead paper of last week stated that the ship-builders of- the north had fifty ships ordered . That did not look as if the repeal of the Navigation Laws would ruin them . He would ask , was the country , on the whole , ever in a better state than it was now ? ( A voice from the platform , "Oh , yes , it was never in a worse state . " ) Well , then , admitting the bad state of the country to be as that gentleman represented , what was it all owing to but to protection ? for free trade had not had a breathing yet ; it was scarcely christened yet —( a ; laugh)—and they should wait till it attained to manhood before they condemned it . ( Cheers . )

      Mr . Richard Oastler having been introduced to the meeting by the chairman , rose to address it amidst great confusion . As soon as his voice was audible , we heard him saying that he was now too old and feeble to he heard above many voices , and ha trusted they would : grant him their patience and silence . He had come ; there . by the invitation , of Mr . Delaforce , the secretary to the association "for the organisation of trades , from Broadstairs to discuss the question of protection to labour before the working men of London . And first he would advertise them ; that the question- of labour and capital could not be disposed of in anger , or amidst clamour ; it required great mildness , good temper ' and calmness to handle it _iudiciovsly . It was ,. indeed ,

      the great question that had yet to be solved in tho civilised world —( hear , hear >—and whatever form of government they might obtain , and whatever might be the reduction of taxation , although they might abolish entail and primogeniture , still , unless tlie government understood and applied the principle regulating the industrial increases of society—the increase of wealth—the rich capitalist would still continue to crush the " labourer . He would not discuss about the best form of . government or representation , because the best mode of regulating the industrial pursuits of ' the country , . so as to bring the'largeat proportion of the fruits of labour within the reach or the working man , was entirely independent of all these considerations : and was always the . primary duty of any government . (" Cut it short , " and confusion . ) Oh , clamour had no more before

      effect upon him than as is if thev passed a fly his face ; and if they would not hear him speak ho would sit down . This question had never been truly discussed yet . When he was in the Fleet prison —( a laugh)—it was thought to have been settled . ' They might laugh , but . he had been three years and four months in prison—and na . ww glad of it , because it had made him acquainted with a ., great many wise and good men , _tb" _** J " _- would not otherwise have known . When _^ tne " Corn-law Parliament , was sitting-in _tondon he sent to Mr . Stansfield , - one of the delegates , and told him to tell Mr . Cobden , as he ( Mr . Oastler ) could not come out of prison , _^ he ' challenged him to meet him in a large room where the gentlemen of the press could be present , and where they might discuss free trade ; and th at ho ( Mr . Oastler ) was prepared with no other authority in his band but Adam Smith's work , to prove out of

      Protection For Native Industry. On Monda...

      that _thatfreeitrade was injurious to any : country ( Hisses , _cHeera ' ahd renewed confusion . ) .. ; Ah ! they did not like thafrrrho „ knewihey . did nofc liko it . He only . " wanted to convince them that he had reason for saying that the question had not been fairly discussed ; Well / Mr . Cobden sent'him no answernone . ' at all- ' ; ' : bufc- ' next day three' delegates . called upon him ; from the Anti-Corn Law League , and they together _disbussed the question . 'Those gentlemen were very much struck with what he showed them outof' Adam Smith , . ' directly opposed to the principles of free trade , directly proving that mutual internal exchange , of _produotious was twice as productive to the country as external commerce . After that the free-trade measures were passed , and Sir

      Robert Peel stated in tho House of Commons that it was not to himself or to the noble lord ; that the honour of having passed these measures ought to be given , but that it ought to be given to Mr . ; Cobden , whose eloquence and whose appeals to reason had convinced tho country of the truth of free trade . Very-well ; he ( Mr . - Oastler ) turned now to Mr . Cobden , and asserted that Mr . Cobden had not attempted to demonstrate the truth of free trade . ( Oh , oh . ) He wished to . _giye no offence to any man living , but truth was truth , and as long as he wns able to speak in defence of the ' rig hts of industry , he would defend them by the principles of truth . ; Now he had shown them that the great question had . been settled avowedly by Sir' Robert Peel upon tho .

      demonstrative arguments of Mr . Cobden . : But what did Mr . Cobden-himself say ? They would perhaps listen to him while he read his words , ' and be surprised to learn that he deprecated discussion , stating that it had been already demonstrated by Adam Smith , Ricardo , and others . They would find tho passage he alluded to in his first manifesto issued upon the question of the establishment of the Anti-Corn-law League , No . 1 , Auti-Corn-law League Circular , and it . was the following : — " At length , however , the obvious truth which Adam Smith , Ricardo , and others had so clearly demonstrated , that these restrictions and prohibitions upon trade tend , in ninety-nine cases out of a hundred , to divert the national industry from natural and

      remunerative pursuits' into artificial and less productive channels , was recognised by the statesmen of this country ; from this timo the justice or injustice of the corn laws assumes a new shape . It is no longer ono of doubt to the honest inquirer , but presents itself simplified and _unvested of every difficulty ; and all attempts to carry us back in the discussion of the subject beyond the period when the principle of free trade was applied to commerce , shipping , and manufactures of this country and the colonies , shall be avoided' as supererogatory , and tending to mistily what has been from that time to this a plain and unembarrassed question . " [ As the _meeting was by this time becoming impatient , the reading of this *! extract was followed by disorder throughont the hall ;] . . ¦•¦ _" ¦" .

      ¦ Mr . Oastler : Do you wish io hear me ? ( "No , no ; " and great confusion , during which the honourable gentleman . continued to occupy his place in front of the platform ; voices throughout the meeting shouting out " Put the amendment . " ) Mr . Oastler contraBtod their opinion of what was fair dealing with that which ho obtained in Yorkshire , and was proceeding again to andress them ; but he was met by increased shouts of " Put the amendment . " :.

      The Chairman : No : I will do no such thing till every individual has been heard . ( Shouts , noise , and disorder again rose throughout the hall , and continued for a time , while all on the platform , Mr . Oastler still wanted to address them , continued to look on with every possible appearance of calm indifference . ) Dr . Brooks in vain appealed to their veneration for the old man who stood ready to address their chairman ; meanwhile declaring that it was the first meeting he had attended in which the chairman was not listened to .

      The Chairman : Will you hear me ? ( Shoutsof M , ho , " and- ' laughter . ) Then I will put the amendment . Again the storm rose and again it fell , till'for about ten minutes at a time , both parties in the singular scene had contemplated each other almost in solemn silence . Mr . Clabk then came forward aiid was received with cheers ; He appealed to the chairman and Mr . Oastler , ori account of the lateness ofthe hour , aiid the necessity for tho gentlemen connected with the press leaving- with the decision of the meeting on the question at issue , that the chairman ought to put the question . ' - ¦ The Chairman : No ,. no . Here followed a scene which it is impossible to describe ; opponents were engaged in wordy warfare across the chairman ' s table , and oven the chairman

      was , for . a time , drawn into the strife , Mr . Oastler meanwhile looking on with grave stolidity , and the meeting almost hushed into forgetfulness of ; their importance by the scene presented on the platform . But sundry gesticulations , of a mysterious meaning , across the chairman ' s table , electrified the meeting into new signs of life , ; shouts ,. and cheering , and cries of " vote , vote . " This startled the combatants on the platform for a moment into something like decorum , but the next minute the chairman ' s table was again the centre of verbal conflict and the barrier of contending parties . Again , at the solicitation of Mr . Kydd for a fair hearing , the meeting was so far quieted that Mr . Oastler . was able to enunciate half a sentence in the way of

      gathering up the-thread of his argument ; but an immense shout arose throughout the hall which it was quite hopeless to contend with . Both parties , therefore—Mr . Oastler and his audience—at length surveyed each other in silence for at least a quarter of an hour . A Voice : Put the amendment . The Chairman : Not till every one who wishes to address you has been heard . I have sanctioned that which I perhaps ought hot to have done , the discussion of this question here by those opposed to it in a meeting convened to support it . You may clamour , but that shall not keep me from doing my duty . ( The occupants of the platform again divided into parties , and engaged in vehement argument . ) The Chairman : Whatdoyou wish , gentlemen ?

      . Voices-in the meeting : Put the amendment . The Chairman : ' Respectfully , I will not do that till every one is heard . ( Another interval ensued , during _which-Mr . Oastler remained in statu quo , in front of the table , the rest grouped at random . Mr . Paul Foskett thoughtfully with his back to the wall on tho right of the chair , and the meeting intensely engaged in giving three enthusiastic cheers for something which none ofthe gentlemen connected with the press knew anything about . ) ¦ The _Ohaihman : Gentlemen , will you please to recollect that you have heard three _speeohes for the amendment ; Mr . Oastler ' s is the first speech against it . ; But if you have come here to refuse 'hearing- what does not suit you , that is not

      a kind of fair discussion , which I will consent to preside . oyer . ( Cheers . and laughter , and roars , which continued for a time . ) ¦' _. ¦ ¦¦ ¦ Mr . . Oastler again essayed to address the meeting , but his first words . were the signal for tho renewal once more of interrupting yells and hisses , rendering it ' utterly impossible for him to proceed . At length a brief lull took place , and he seized the opportunity to continue his remarks . He held that guilds ought to be established to regulate every trade , and protect the poor man from tho . rapacity and oppression of tho capitalists . ( Cries of "time , time , " arid confusion . ) He thought an export trade advantageous alone to the few , so long as the workmen were not adequately provided with

      supplies of the article they ; made . ; Mr . Oastler was next proceeding to descant . on the evils * of infant labouvin the factories , when aperson on the platform reminded him that he had promised to occupy no more . than five minutes longer . Approaching the person who interrupted him , Mr . Oastler exclaimed with great indignation , " I never agreed to five minutes—not I ! " This led to another outburst of yells and hisses , which arrested the speaker for some time , but after it had subsided , he continued with vehemence , " I was observing , and I intend to be heard yet _"^ - ( Groans ) . : Mr . Clabk interposed to entreat the meeting to listen patiently to Mr . Oastler ' s remarks ; at the same time , howevor , administering a gentle rebuke to the resolute and pertinacious veteran , by

      recommending him to consult tho convenience of the meeting by being as brief as possible _^ Mr . Oastler replied : I think I have consulted its convenience , and I insist upon being heard yet . I will give you another illustration . ( Renewed uproar . ) Mr Cohden stated at Leeds ( here he was interrupted again by a person in the body of the meeting proposing three cheers for Mr ' . Cobden , which : were heartily given ; upon which Mr . A . Campbell got up a counter manifestation on behalf of Mr . Oastler , which , however , seemed to bo concurred in by the occupants ofthe right side of the platform alone . ) ;

      Here Mr . Kyddtooktheopportunity to explain some remarks affecting himself ,, made by Mr . Clark in the course ; of his speech , and threw down the gauntlet to the latter gentleman on the question of Free Trade and Protection . Mr . Clark apologised , and accepted the challenge ; . and this episode terminated . Mr . Oastler , again made as if he would speak froiri the place he had never quitted , but he was received with deafening cheers , amid which Dr . Brooks , if we might judgei from the altehate opening and shutting of his mouth , was making . great efforts to be heard , and the chairman sat gesticulating ominously with head and stick , for his walking cane by this time had become his wand of office .

      Dr . Brooks ; You see it istoo late .: I think so too ; and therefore beg leave to move the adjournment of this meeting . (" Ah , ah !' , " and groans from the _. meeting , with cries of ' . ' never , never . " ) The Chairman , moved by the obstinacy of those he had to deal with , rushed from his seat and planted himself in front ofthe table on the verge of the platform , Mr . Paul Foskett at the same time bustling from the position at the wall , and placing his manly bulk in a line with Mr . Young .

      Protection For Native Industry. On Monda...

      i The Chairman then , appealing tb : their respect said he . ' had received * other amendments , but he knew he cOuld not entertain' _^ more , than one at a time . However , the amendmeht _ _fbr-adjournment was _oneTwhioh took precedence of all others . ( Shouts and yells from the meeting , who seemed n terror that he was about to , outma " naiuvre them . ) The Chairman : ' Hear me . I do not wish you to adjourn ; if you do not wish it , then do riot hold upyourhands'for it . v The question for adiournment was then nut nnd

      rejected b y all biit about a dozen individuals , with loud cheering . ¦ _, . ' / The Chairman doggedl y returned to his chair behind the table arid seating himself with almost dangerous force ; " Now , '" he said , " you must hear Mr . Oastler . " ( Terrible disorder arid malicious bursts of laughter from the body of the meeting . ) Mr . Hickman , a weaver , in the meantime , below the platform , reminded Mr . Oastler of sundry promises not to speak if they did not wish to hear him ; and Mr . Clark appealed to the chairman to put it to the meeting whether they wished to hear Mr . Oastler .

      The Chairman once more made an effort to quell the rebellious spirit ofthe audience _^ and : used his most coaxing words , but the effect was indescribable disorder , vociferations , whistling , cheers , with tho deliberate introduction of "hip , hip , hurrah , " dogs barking , and every conceivable intonation of human and canine sound . Mr . Clark at length came to the front of the platform , and said : Gentlemen , I move thatthe chairman do vacate the chair , as having lost the confidence Of this meeting . This was seconded and put , and carried by a vast display of hands , some five or six being held up to the contrary . Mr . O . F . Young still kept the important seat . Mr . Clark : I move that Mr . Hickman do take the chair . This was put and carried without a dissentient .

      All eyes were now turned to the chair ; but there sat Mr , Young , authoratitively grasping his upraised cane , which rested on the table , his lips compressed , and his head significantly nodding consent to his own internal resolves . Mr . Hickman , a weaver , then came forward to tho front of the chairman ' s table , but Mr . Young having refused to vacate his seat , another chair was brought and the rival chairmen sat side by side . Mr . Hickman then put the amendment pro and con ., and declared it carried unanimously ; He also said , " I declare this meeting dissolved . " The meeting instantly dispersed , till only about a hundred were left in the room .

      Mr . Young then announced that they should he able now to get on with their business , since the noisy part had left them . Mr . Oastler accordingly resumed his speech , amid a loud tramping noise , which comically kept pace with every syllable as it fell from his Up 8 , and entirely drowned the articulation . He concluded by telling them ho had had is say in spite of . them . Mr . P . Foskett then , taking off his hat , gave the company " Mi * . Oastler , " and with a . " hip , hip , hurrah , " led off the select chorus on the platform in three cheers . . . ¦ _- ;' . """ Mr . A . Campbrll moved , and Mr . Delaforce seconded , the adjournment of the meeting . This was declared carried , and the chairman ( Mr . Young , ) with Mr . Foskett , Mr . A , Campbell , Mr . Delaforce , and others , descended , and left the hall amidst the _hobtingsof the workmen who had remained .

      There was no attempt to put the first resolution ; and the second and third , though printed and distributed to the gentlemen of the press , were not so muchasread . They were as follows : — " That the unrestricted forei gn cheap labour policy which has been for a series of years encouraged by the Legislatures of this kingdom , and greatly extended by the present Parliament , is , in the opinion of this meeting , theoretically wrong and practically injurious to the industrious classes , by compelling them to enter into unfair competition with capital at home and abroad , destructive to the general prosperity of Great Britain and her colonies , dangerous to the stability of the

      Empire , and opposed to the independence and happiness ofthe whole British population . " " That as the principle of Protection for Native Industry is founded on justice to all , and as the acts of the present Legislature have been opposed to these sentiments and injurious to the welfare of the British population , a memorial founded on the foregoing resolutions be presented to her Majesty , praying her Majesty to dissolve the present Parliament , and thereby give an opportunity to those who hold ) the elective franchise in trust for the whole people to elect such representatives who will insure protection to every class of her Majesty ' s subjects throughout the British Empire . "

      Royal Polytechnic Institution. We Have P...

      ROYAL POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTION . We have previously noticed the very excellent lecture delivered by Dr . Bachhofiner at this Institution , indeed , so interesting and so entertaining ia this subject of Philosophy ot Recreation , that a few remarks will be but justice to its accomplishment . The Doctor treats the subject in quite a new mode ; first of all introducing his experiments under mystic guise , to tho astonishment of all beholders , afterwards , however , ' explaining their manner of execution , and the laws by which such remarkable changes are governed . The bottle trick was introduced under two distinct forms ; first of all sherry , port , milk , water , " and champagne , were poured from a common bottle filled in tho first

      instance with plain water ; the change produced in Touring out the fluid was truly astonishing , and seemed certainly to partake " of conjuring as much as anything we had ever witnessed ; the Doctor , however , explained the cause of such by charging similar glasses with certain compounds in small quantities , so small aB to escape detection even when closely observed , and these compounds produced , when brought in contact with : the fluid in the bottle , the various appearances of wine , milk , & c . Not only this , wherein appearance only was produced , but another magic bottle of the Doctor ' s found out eau-de-vie , sherry , port , rioyeau , and many other compounds , all drinkable , and of

      firstrate quality , in this increasing the wonder and surprise he had previously created . By a variety of conclusive experiments , the Doctor pointed out the laws governing these apparent anomalies , the latter expenriient being dependent upon pneumatical laws for its production , while the former formed an important fact in chemical science , a knowledge of which , and similar changes , enabled the practical chemist to perform his apparently difficult task of analysis . In conclusion , the Doctor begged to be understood , that although he . might ' apparently have been conjuring , yet he hoped that they would not for so doing consider him a conjurer . The lecture was numerously attended .

      Tale Of A " Water Doo."—A Very Extraordi...

      Tale of A " Water Doo . "—A very extraordinary and unprecedented occurrence took place on board the Ayrshire , a : ship belonging to Mr . Warren , of Hounsditcb , on her homeward voyage from Calcutta , in May last . Shortly after the ship had crossed the line . Captain Browne , the master , had oocasion to pull at a rope , passing through a block , which was badly secured with soirie rope yarn . Whilst tugging at the rope the block gave way , and his own impetus suddenly carried him over the side . A noble Newfoundland dog , which was a great favourite on board , With the generous instinct natural to its species , jumped in to his master ' s rescue , and , seizing him by the collar , brought him alongside , when both were hoisted on hoard . It was

      only then that the danger to whioh the captain and his brave deliverer had been subjected , became fully evident . A huge shark , which had been playing for some time about the ship , watching for windfalls , had marked the captain for its prey , and was making towards him just as his four-footed deliverer bounded to his assistance . They did not , however , escape altogether unscathed , for just as . they were getting up the side their voracious assailant bit off half of the poor dog ' s tail . The gratitude of the captain for his double escape will he better felt than described , effected as it was in so providential a manner . The poor dog , who was , of course , much caressed , suffered a good deal from the injury , but was ultimately cured . ' . . :. : - '• A Protectionist ' s ' . C onsistency .- —Mr . Disraeli has Raises his Rents . —B . Disraeli , Esq ., M . P ., is at this moment receiving an advance of about 6 s . per acre upon his farm land . Two of his tenants

      havo left their farms . He will not , however , abate one single farthing of this 6 s . per acre advance . Sir Robert Peel may , if he _cjiooses , como down twenty per cent ., and the agricultural interest may be in such a fix that land is becoming useless lumber , but itis , nevertheless , a broad fact that the mighty alarmist himself recently purchased land from the executors ofthe late John Norris , Esq ., of Hughenden House , upon which ho is now receiving the advance we have stated . The rental ofthe farm occupied by Mr . Abraham Gilletthas been raised no less than * 50 , and Mr . liedrup , the present ocoupier , _ is required to pay down the increased amount . If this is false , Mr . Disraeli will be pleased , perhaps , to come to the County Hall on Wednesday night , and contradict it , face to face , with Mr . Cob _^ - den . If it is true , then fanners may judge of the sincerity , patriotism , and eloquence ofthe Bradenham hero . —Bucks Advertiser .

      Rent of Houses . —A correspondent of the Worcester Herald gayB "A Housekeeper" writes on this Bubieot ' . — "Whilst there is so much said _abousrent on land coming down , not ' aword is heard about the rent on houses . lam sure that in this borough the rent and local rates on houses occupied ; by tradesmen is as unreasonably high as the rent and county rates on any farm , whilst the expenditure of the landlords must bo greatly diminished , not only in domestic outlay , but in everything necessary for the repairs of then property . I hope tbat ere long a House-rent Reform Association will spring up , it being , like the ' good time coming , ' not before it is wanted . "

      ¦ , . : -. , ¦—-— , ..... — ..-. , J

      ¦ _, . -. , ¦— - — _, _..... — ..-. j

      Bishops Described.—Most Certain It Is (A...

      Bishops Described . —Most certain it is ( as all our stories bear witness ) , that ever since their ( the prelates ! coming , to the see of Canterbury ; for nearly 1 * 200 years—to speak of them in general , ' they have been in England , to , oursouls—a sad and doleful succession of illiterate and blind guides , to . our purses and goods- * wasteful bund of robbers—a perpetual havoc and vapine , to our state , a continual hydra of mischief and molestation—tha forge of discord and rebellion : this is the trophy of their antiquity and boasted succession through so many ages : and for these prelate-martyrs they glory of , they are to be judged what they were by the gospel , and not the gospel by them .- John Mlton . Of Reformation in England . 1641 . ' : Snow . —Winter ' s dressing gown . Ice . —The sheet of the rivers bed . "' . _' ''

      Icicles .- Nature _s pendants , manufactured from gems ofthe purest water . m Dew . —A bill drawn by Night and Co ., taken up and accepted by the Sun . Fog . — The clouds' _embrace-Bdhnino Water instead of Lamp Oil . —The New . York Sun has a letter from Worcester , Massachusetts , in which the writer claims to have invented and put in use , an apparatus which separates the oxygen of which water is composed , and produces gases for lights . This it does at no other expense than that of machinery—as no material hut water is used . The water is decomposed by a current of electricity , evolved by the apparatus . The labour of five minutes , once in two hours in the day , in winding up the machine , is all that is required to produce 259 cubic feet of gas . The expense of the machine is 300 dollars , and it can be carried by a man under hiaarm . Such is the description of it , 'lime will determine whether it is even se .

      Woman . —The morning star of our youth ; the day star of our manhood ; the evening star of our age . God bless our stars ! ..-OiD and Rotten . —There was much sound palpable argument in the reply of a country lad to an aristocrat , who boasted bis ancient family : — " So much the woise for you , " said the peasant ; " as we ploughmen say , 'The older the seed , the worse the crop . '" Accounts fbom Tuscany state , that the priests have commenced prosecutions against two printers of Florence ; for haying , under the republic , printed a translation of tlie New Testament in Latin . _t It is stated , on the authority of Sir F . Kelly , that since the commencement ofthe present century , upwards of forty persons-male and female-have been hung , who were entirely innocent of the , _crimes laid to their charge . . . o

      Man ' s Injustice to Women . —The fact is , that men have increased woman ' s inferiority ; till they are almost sunk below the standard of rational creatures _. Let their faculties have room to uufold , 'ijnd their virtues to gain strength , and then determine where the whole sex must stand in the intellectual scale . It is difficult for us purblind mortals to say to what height human discoveries and improvements may arrive when the gloom of despotism subsides ; but we may safely predict that when morality shall he settled on a more solid basis , women will be either the friends or the slaves of man , and not , as at present , be mocked with empty praise , or have their improvement impeded to gratify his sensual appetites . Surely there can be but one rule of right , if

      morality has an eternal foundation ; and whoever _sacrifies virtue , strictly so called , to present inconvenience , or whose duty it is to act in such a manner , lives only for the passing day , and cannot be an accountable creature . If women be really capable of acting like rational creatures , let them not be treated like slaves , or like the brutes who are dependent on the reason of man , when they associate with him ; on the contrary , cultivate their minds , give them the salutary and sublime curb of principle , and let them attain conscious dignity by feeling _themselvesonly dependent on God . Teach them , in common with man , to submit with necessity , instead of giving to render them more pleasing , a sex to morals . — Mary Wollstonecraft ..

      A Little boy hearing his father say that " there was a time for all things , " climbed up behind his mother ' s chair , and whispering in her ear , asked , " When was the proper time for hooking sugar out of the _sagar basin . " If a girl has pretty teeth she laughs often , if she ' s got a pretty foot , she'll wear a short dress ; and if she s got a neat hand , she ' s fond of a same of whist ; and if the reverse , she dislikes all these small affairs . An Expatriated confederate thus depicts the position of the Irish in the United States : f- " They are shunned and despised . The name of Irish politics is anathema , and Ireland is as much a subject of contempt as of pity . 'My master is a great tyrant , ' said a negro , lately , ' he treats me as badly -as if I was a common Irishman . ' " The Province of Manster , "from information of the most authentic sort , " corroborates Mr . B . ' s statement .

      A Wise Landlord . —One night a judge , a military officer , and a priest , all applied for lodging at an inn where there was but one spare bed , and the landlord was called upon to decide which had the best claim of tho three . " I have lain fifteen years in the garrison at B . ; " said the officer . "I have sat as judge twenty years in R ., " said the _^ ud ge . " With yonr leave , gentlemen , I have stood in the ministry twenty-five years at N ., " said the priest . " Thatsettles thedispute , " said the landlord . " You , Mr . Captain , have lain' fifteen years—you , Mr . Judge , have sat twenty _yeais—but the aged pastor has stood five-and-twenty years , so he certainly has the best right to the bed . " .. ¦ Why is every teacher of music necessarily a good teacher ?—Because he is a sound instructor . " Ma , do you know why horses don ' t wear hats ?" — "No , Johnny . " '" 'Cause it would give th ' em a _hoss-tile appearance . "

      : Elbctricity and tht Holy Temple . —The Temple of . Jerusalem stood untouched by a single stroke of lightning for 1 , 000 . years , in a region of thunder ..: This " glorious edifice was studded or bristled oyer with gilded iron spikes . Their object was to prevent the roofs being made resting-places for birds , flies , or insects ; but another and unexpected purpose was fulfilled by these bristled roofs—the gilding prevented the spikes from oxidating , and rendered them at all times admirably adapted to ward away irregular quantities of eleotrioity . If ihat fluid prevailed above , it was silently and effectually carried down by the points and gilded pillars , quoins and columns , to the earth . If excessive below , the current was conveyed up by the same golden channels , and flowed away into the air from the millions of points which studded the glittering roofs . — Sir J , Murray ' s Electricity a Came of Cholera .

      The Strong madb Weak . —At the police-court of this city ( Boston , ) a week or two since , a man was charged with being a common drunkard , who was once , a publisher and editor of a leading political paper in this city . He had sat at the private boards of Webster and Clay , and sipped their wine ' At the inauguration of Harrison he might have been seen standing in the east front of the Capitol at Washington with the strongest men of the nation . . He mingled in fashionable life , drank deep of pleasures , and fell a victim to them , Reduced in circumstances , he wandered from his home , leaving : his family to look out for themselves . Becoming destitute , and frequently frantic with delirium tremens , he was at last arraigned on a charge of being a common drunkard , to which he pleaded guilty . -- England Washingtonidn ,

      • Number of Miles that a Printers Hand Travels . —Although a printer may be setting all day , yet in his own way he is a great traveller , or at least his hand is , as we shall prove . A good printer will set 8000 ems a day , or about 24 , 000 letters . . The distance travelled over by his hand will average one footp _^ er letter , going to the boxes in which they are contained and of course returning , making two feet every letter he sots . This would make . a distance each day of 48 , 000 feet _, fora , little more than nine miles ; and in the course ofa year , leaving out Sundays , that member travels about 3000 miles ! Robihson . Crusms ' s _Island . —A conteriiporary says , _that the island of Juan Fernandez at present contains sixteen inhabitants . Among them are two Americans , one a sailor , arid the other a shrewd , enterprising Yankee , named Pierce , from Maine , who is fast accumulating a fortune , by tradiiig with passing _voMls . —Boston Clironotype . j

      Animal and Vegetable Diet . —England is the most flesh-consuming country in Europe , while-its mortality is the smallest ; the duration of life bein < * about a third longer than in Italy , where maccarpm and other farinaceous substances form the staple diet , and where mil Ic , partly from deficiency , of pasture _, and partly from prejudice , is little used . ; Servants in America . Complaints . were often madeto us ofthe difficulty of finding , or of keeping , when found , good servarits in the States ; and amusing anecdotes were told of the independence _, o £ American Mm in this 'Viand " ofliberty" Thus ,

      " agreen mountain boy' of Vermont engaged himself to a family in town , there was an evening party at the house , and he came in with a tray ; seeing some ladies sitting talking in a corner which he could not reach , he called' out , " Hullo , girlB ! how are yon off there for cream and sweetinin ?" Being directed to light a five in the morning in the parlour for the children , when the mistress came down she found the servant sitting in a cbair , with his feet up , and reading the newspaper : without rising , he cried- pointing to the . flre , _"Tsn " t that a roarer ? " * . , -

      ' Mr . BcgginsPuzzled . —Buggins- ( atthe breakfast table : ) "Mary Anne , bring me a' egg—Finished daughter : "An egg , if you please , father t _Jwf _Ss " ' not a' egg ; pray speak correctly . "—Buggins ; " An egg , is it my dear-an egg , eh ? Well , I suppose you ave right , though in ray time peeple said a egg . _«» egg , oh ? Well , Mary Anne , instead of one youiW bring me two negs . '' _. _ntli'S ' Aristocratic GovEnNMENTS _. - Goveromeii • almost always been a barrier against which Mien hf » bas to 8 truggle , - ( _3 _' flW » _?

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), Jan. 12, 1850, page 3, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns3_12011850/page/3/