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did they SURREY SESSIONS. ' July 13, 185...
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NATIONAL CHARTER LEAGUE. The weekly disc...
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Aebonautics in Paris.—Extraordinary inte...
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SURREY SESSIONS. ' The adjourned session...
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m — THE ASSAULT ON THE QUEEN. CRIMINAL C...
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DEATH OF HIS ROYAL HIGHNESS THE DUKE OF ...
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ciro ,W Z E ^ 03t ve cent inventions is ...
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l'rinted by WILLIAM KIDEU, of No. 5, Macelesfield-street-
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in the parish ol' St. Anne. Westminster,...
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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Monday, Jolt 8. House Of Lords. - Thb Te...
_gve or the speeches he made . The members who A been least careful oftheir duty—the most dead and insensible to everything worthy of the name of duty—were those who * were influenced by the pitiful vanity of wanting seats in that house . His belief was , that by those men the interests of the eountry were betrayed . ( Hear , hear . ) Ue desired to see a more general and homogeneous system of taxation established than tbe one which at present existed in this country . But that was not what ion . gentlemen opposite wanted . They wanted equality , which , in property , was nothing but destruction of property and starvation for all . ( " No ,
no , from tue Ministerial benches . ) Tes , they -would , without knowing it , bring about here a state of things similar to that existing in France . Nobody In that country said they wanted what they had got , but tbey hat it , nevertheless . Hon . gentlemen opposite might depend on it that the end of all tbeir exertions would be the establishment here of a state of things resembling that which existed in France . Their whole system was founded on contempt ef experience , " and a determination to evolve schemes of government ont of their own brains , and not to be guided by what had happened in past times , nor influenced by the scenes which were passing daily before tbeir eyes . ( Hear . )
Lord D . Stuart should vote for the motion as a step in the right direction , but he would prefer Sir De _Incy Evans amendment , though even that did not satisfy bim . It should be the policy of the Legislature to grant the just demands of the people and to concede them in time . Mr . 2 _ _wnECAiE opposed the motion , whicb he characterised as a crude one , the object of which was not called for by anything in the circumstances of the country . Lord Johs Russell : I shall vote against the present proposition pretty much on the grounds on which the honourable member for West Surrey gives his vote in its _faro « r . ( Laughter . ) The honourable gentleman said be did' not think
there could be any considerable mischief in the present proposition , and that we had arrived at a time ofthe session when we could not get further than to lay the bill on the table , tbat it would be impossible to proceed farther with it during the present session , and that therefore no evil could arise from supporting it Now , it appears to me that this is not the way in which tbe house ought to deal with a question so large and important as the franchise . I think that if the house should determine to make an extension or alteration ofthe franchise , a measure to that effect oaght to be brought forward early in tbe session , should receive tbe mature deliberation of the honse , should be accepted or modified as to the bouse might seem best ; but that at any
rate it should proceed through this house in the course of the session in which it is brought in . To deal with a question of this importance merely by admitting a bill to be laid upon the table , and to leave it there , without any intention of going on with it , appears to me to be trifling with tbis important subject , to be unworthy of our own position , and not to be fair to the people at large . This then seems to me to be a sufficient reason for voting against tbe bill , without entering into its merits . There is another reason for not entering into the merits of the bill , because honourable gentlemen who have supported it have hardly gone into a single _argument which has the least reference to
the proposition before the house . Honourable gentlemen bave invited me to discuss the general question of reform . I certainly shall not enter at any length into that subject on the present occasion , having on a former occasion delivered my opinion fully to the house on these topics . Tbe honourable gentleman the member for the Tower Hamlets bas gone at great length into figures , to show that a number of populous boroughs bare not a sufficient nnmber of representatives , and that boronghs of a small population bave a much greater number of representatives than the great cities . I have always said , when questions of this hind bave been brought before the house , that itis time for those who seek an extension of tbe franchise to come forward and
state broadly what they propose as theu * system . If tbey propose tbat some of the smaller of those boronghs now sending representatives to Parliament should be disfranchised , ( et them say so , and tell ns the number of representatives they propose to give to others . But if you mean to say that representation , to be real , should be on the principle of equalisation , then say so , and produce the plan by which you propose to divide the country , and the system of representation wbich yon propose . ( Cheers . ) You render this the more necessary because the bon . gentleman tbe member for the Tower Hamlets argues with others who are against the existing system as if the population of our counties had no votes and no voice in the
representation ; and he points to certain divisions of counties and certain great towns and villages in support of bis argument , forgetting that Lincolnshire and _Devonshire alone have 40 , 000 electors , and a sufficient , number of representatives in this house . "When we come next to discuss this question , I beg that tbe whole of your plan may be stated—what number tf representatives the great counties are to bave , and how they are to be divided and altered , and how many of the small boroughs are to be disfranchised . I beg that wben the subject is next _brought forward we may have your entire scheme , and that yon will inform us how you are to make it compatible with our present form of government . _IVitfaoutentering into the question of whether the
present system is altogether satisfactory , and without entering into the great question of equal representation , which some hon . gentlemen are continually arguing for , I say that under the existing system the people are attached to our present form of _government . ( Cheers . ) And I think that in any reform ofthe representation , and any reform of tbis house which may be proposed , tbat reform sbould be compatible and consistent with the maintenance of the Monarchy and the House of Lords , which , as well as this house , form a part of the constitution of the country . "When tbis question is again brought forward , I hope the honourable gentleman the member for Montrose , or some other honourable gentleman , will give their
plan fully , and how tbey propose to maintain tbe existing form of government . ( Cheers . ) In tbe present constitution of parliament , any extension of ihe suffrage which may be proposed sbould be compatible with the existing institutions of the country . ( Kear , hear . ) I wonld not bave added anything more , but that the member for the Tower Hamlets asks me to give seme pledges that during tbe recess I shall turn my attention to tbis subject , and be prepared to bring forward at the commencement of the next session of parliament a measure for the extension of tbe franchise ; and he assures me that if I do not do so , he and others will be disposed to _withdraw tbeir confidence from thegovernment , without which , he says , it cannot exist . And
be says , moreover , that honourable gentlemen opposite will come into power and propose an extension ofthe suffrage , and , therefore , that I had better lose no time in making my proposition . ( Cheers and laughter . ) Now , I don ' t think it necessary to ask or tell tbe honourable gentleman what measures the government will bring forward . next session . Jf we nave not the confidence of-this'House , and if it is thought that a change of government wonld be advantageous , let a change of government take place , and then they will see the { . Ian of parliamentary reform which will be brought forward by thoso in whom tbey have confidence . ( Cheers . ) I shall only add , that 1 shall vote against the motion ofthe bon . member , for Surrey . ( Cheers . )
Mr . Bright said that during the last and present session the government had committed the same error which tbe noble lord bad attributed to the member for Surrey , for he bad to sweep from the table in tbe month of July many of the measures which he had introduced in the earlier part of the session , and be bad told them that he had yet to introduce measures of importance which be hoped to be able to carry before the session was at an end . The noble lord complained that tbe speeches on tbat side of tbe honse had not been to the point , but that observation could not be applied to the speech of the mover of'the motion , or to that of the honourable member for Montrose , who seconded it , for they were both to the point ; but the speech ofthe
noble lord did not contain one sentence which had reference to the motion before the house . The noble lord was partly jocular and partly querulous in noticing tbe speech of the honourable member for the Tower Hamlets , and said that a considerable amount of arithmetic had been expended on ir , and he wished the honse to draw the inference that they wanted to propose a scheme of electoral power in evervplace in the kingdom inconsistent withthe existing institutions of the country . If they had dropped down upon the kingdom tbat day , without any notion of legislation , they would not propose such a scheme , nor would the noble lord himself , with all his courage , when he was wrong , propose such a system as nov existed in Great Britain and Ireland , bnt would take the course which had been taken in tbe colonies and in the American Republic . They were conscious that it was not desirable Or passible , under the existing circumstances of this
country to propose a new form of government , but what they wanted was tint the glaring inequalities of the present system sbould be diminished , and that the grounds of discoutentshould be greatly mitigated or entirely removed . Their proposition was that the borough _franchise of £ 10 should be extended to the counties . The noble lord had lately -visited the county with whicb be ( Mr . Bri « ht ) was connected , and he coald not but know that in that county there were large _villages , containing thousands and tens of thousands of inhabitants who had not tbe franchise at all , and yet thev wero quite equal in point of intelli gence to those to whom they had given the franchise in boroughs . If they agreed i & the motion it would have a beneficial result , in conveying to the people tbe faefc that if they were kept from the full possession of tbeir ri ghts , yet that there was a disposition on the part of _parliametit' - _gradoally to extend those rights , and they w > _ald ; & _consequence , _fcayg confidence in the insti-
Monday, Jolt 8. House Of Lords. - Thb Te...
tutions of the country . He bad not forgotten tbat Devonshire and Lincolnshire had large constituencies , and the noble lord . should not forget tothe had twice been returned andoncerejectedby Devonshire —( hear , hear ) -which he ( Mr . Bright ) considered more a disgrace to the constituency than to the noble lord . The noble lord had been attacked in tbat county , and every body said that Lord John was going to bring in the Pope , and that they would all be burnt . ( Laug hter and cheers . ) But if at that time the noble lord could hare gone from the _parsonage-house down to the £ 10 villagers , he would at _tSat hour have been representative of one of the _largest counties in England . They did not forget that there were large constituencies in Devonshire and Lincolnshire , but they wished very much
that in those counties , and in every otber county in England , there were larger constituencies . ( Cheers . ) The noble lord had said that there was a general feeling of attachment to the constitution throughout tho country . He ( Mr . Bright ) did not deny that fact , and he hoped tbat it was undeniable ; but if the noble lord , when he made his proposition for reform twenty years ago , was impressed with the necessity for that measure , ho should , from the progress which the public mind had made since that period , be now still more convinced of tho _necessity for such a measure as was proposed by the member for Surrey . They had heard much of constitutions abroad , and of their own constitution , but thev ou ght to remember that this boasted
constitution of theirs gave the franchise only to one full-grown man in every seven , and they ought to be ashamed to be told that six out of every seven full-grown men were kept out of the franchise . ( Cheers . ) If tbey persisted in maintaining such a system , it was not to be wondered at if men were to look to other countries where a different and a better system prevailed . He did not think that even in the month of July the question before them was unworthy ofthe attention of Parliameut . They would be many nights yet engaged in discussing subjects which were not of great importance , and therefore the lateness of the period at which the motion was brought forward was no answer to it . He would entreat the noble lord not to wait until ho was driven by the force of an agitation whicli
once before betook him to yield an extension ofthe franchise , and which he could do better now than in tbe midst of circumstances more unfavourable which mig ht arise : and he was sure that if the motion were granted , it would give the greatest satisfaction in every part of the kingdom . ( _Cheers ) Mr . Locke Kixo , in replying , said he was happy lo find that the noble lord , in replying , had not produced a single argument against the motion . In that house there were two parties—the party of progress and the party of obstruction ; and the noble lord appeared between them like a gallant captain who bad said , " Oh bow happy could I be with either , "Were t ' other dear charmer away , But since thus you tease me together ,
To neither a word will I say . " ( Laughter . ) To neither a word will I say . " ( Laughter . ) Mr . _GaiirAN said tbe honourable member for Manchester had complained because in this country only one out of seven possessed the franchise ; but what was the case of Ireland ? Why , that with a population of upwards of seven millions there were only 70 , 000 voters . The noble lord was jocular in the course of his observation , but he ( Mr . Grattan ) thought that , under the circumstances , the minister of this country should . be more morose . The noble lord had told tbem tliat he wished to keep to the fixed principles of the British constitution . He was satisfied with that constitution ,
and so were the people of Ireland , but they wanted to have the British constitution . ( Cheers . ) He wished the noble lord to adhere to the princip les of the British constitution , and to the fixed principles of that bouse , and he hoped they would not allow their countrymen to be without them . They must have their bend—every jot of their £ 8 franchiseand they would not abandon their rights , nor allow tbem to be trampled upon . They insisted upon their rights ; and if the English members assisted the representatives of Ireland , tbey would assist them to obtain an extension ofthe franchise for
England . Mr . Disraeli observed that there bad been exhibited in this discussion a want of comprehension of what our constiution was , namely—a monarchy modified by tbe estates of the realm and by the privileged classes—a constitution established upon the aristocratical principle . The Reform Bill had been a permanent settlement of the then agitated question ; yet since that period the gentlemen whom it had sent to Parliament had been quarrelling with that very arrangement , and were con ' stantly endeavouring to sap it . If tbey proposed that every man of full age was to be represented in that house , they proposed a revolution , since it was plain that then it would be impossible that any power could be exercised by the estates of the realm , or by the
monarchy . If the principle of the franchise was what he maintained it to be , it was a privilege ; but if it was , as tbe assailants of the Reform Act said , the right of every one , however degraded , indolent , or unworthy , he could understand that the object was to agitate the country , and to degrade the men to the franchise iusteadof raising the franchise to the citizen . If this country was to be , as it had been , aristocract'c , and free because aristocratic , let the Legislature place power in the monarchy , order in one estate of" the realm , and liberty in the other . Repeating that the Reform Act was a settlement accepted by the great body of the people , he delivered a pointed invective agninst the supporters of the motion , and the levelling system of political
agitation of which they were sworn friends . Sir B . Ball , in supporting _^ the motion , made a direct charge against Mr . Disraeli of dereliction of political principles . Did the honourable gentleman go down to High Wycombe as the protege of Mr . _O'Connell and Mr . Hume ? ( Loud cheers . ) Did not the honourable gentleman go down to tbat place under the auspices of these two honourable members as a Reformer ? ( Renewed cheers , and a cry from an honourable member , " That ' s a poser , " which excited some laughter . ) He ( Sir B . Hall ) had the honour of being the member for Marylebone ; but did not the honourable gentleman wish , some years ago , to become a candidate for that borough on Liberal opinions ? / Cheers . ) If he had been
aware that the subject would have been introduced on that occasion , be would have been prepared with documents to show this . He would add tbat . he knew a shop where the honourable gentleman wrote a Liberal address to the constituency of Marylebone , and he had no doubt ho could get a copy of it , as he believed it was still in existence . ( Hear , hear . ) The place he alluded to was a tallowchandler ' sshop in Crawford-street , Bryanstone-square . ( Laughter , and cries of " question . " ) He considered this to be a very ugly question . ( Hear , hear . ) "Was it to be supposed that the honourable member , for whose talents be entertained great respect , when he went down to Wycombe under the auspices of the two gentlemen he had named , bad not led them to
believe tbat his opinions were to a certain extent in conformity with theirs ? These two gentlemen , he believed , bad signed the document wbich was called the Charter . Bid the honourable gentleman then entertain similar opinions ? Mr . Hume said be was not quite , to the mark . ( Laughter . ) Sir B . Ham , said : At any rate he might have gone to some extent . ( Hear , hear . ) He would only add , in _conclusion , that the proposition should receive his cordial support . ( Hear , hear . ) Mr . Disraeli said : I hope the house will not take exception to my answering the question just put to me by the hon . gentleman . What the hon . gentleman bas said with such an air of ori ginality has been already said in this house at least twenty times . Although the house may not recollect such an insignificant subject as a statement of mine , I am sure it will allow me to repeat what I have before stated , in answer to the speech of the hon .
baronet . The hon . member is entirely wrong as to tbe circumstances under which I became the candidate for the representation of any place , and as to my observations on those occasions with respect to the Reform Bill because it had then passed into a law , and I was not called upon to express any opinion respecting it . Whatever eccentricity there might have been in my political opinions , they were in direct epposition to tho Whig party . ( Hear . ) I believe the opinions I have expressed were really the historical and traditional Tory opinions of the country . ( Hear , hear . ) I can assure the house with great truth that I then manfully expressed the opinions I entertained of the Whig party . ( Cheers . ) . When , however , the Reform Bill was under discussion , I opposed the Whig settlement of tbe . question , because I then regarded it , as I now do , as being injurious to the best interests of the country . ( Hear , hear , hear . ) I never uttered one sentence in this house or out of it
which could authorise the hon . member to make the assertion which he has uttered this evening . ( Cheers . ) The hen . gentleman said I went down to High Wycombe with the recommendation and introduction of the hon . member for Montrose to tbe electors of that place . 3 Jow _, it so happens that I had long lived hi that borough . 1 was bred , if not born there ; so tbat I was not unknown or uncon nected with the place , and I now have the honour to represent the county in which itis . ( Cheers . ) I never expressed any opinions to the electors of Wycombe which could bear the interpretation of the hon . member . ( Hear , hear . ) With respect to
the tallow-chandler , it is possible that I have been in his shop , and no doubt he is now one of the chief supporters ofthe hon . baronet in Marylebone . I cannot recall to my mind any opinions which I expressed in any address issued by mo to the constituents of any place which were not in perfect unison with tbe opinions I havo expressed in this house . ( Cheer 3 . ) I deny that I ever was the advocate for tho parliamentary , franchise which was advocated by the noble lord and his political friends . ( Hear . ) I opposed it , because I believed it tobe inconsistent with the best interests of the country . I think I have now said enough to refute my having supported those extreme opinions which the
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hon . member has imputed to me , and . bare shown tbat I still adhere to those opinions whioh I have held from my youth . ( Cheers . ) The house tben divided . For tho motion ... ... ... 100 Against it ... ... ... ... 159—59 Adulteration ov Coffee . — Mr . C . Akstky moved for a select committee , to inquire into the means of preventing the adulteration of coffee . Major Blackall seconded the motion , which was opposed by the Chancellor of the Exchequer , and after some discussion , the house divided , and the motion was rejected by a majority of 205 to sixty . Majority 145 .
Posx-Owice Labour os Sunday , —On this division being completed , the clock pointed to three minutes past eleven o _' olock , and upon Mr . Locke ' s attempting to bring on his resolution to resoind the vote prohibiting the Sunday delivery of letters from the Post-office , a confused opposition arose , many members wishing to keep to the letter of the understanding previously come to , tbat the disous sion should not be commenced after eleven . Ultimately Mr . Locke was allowed to proceed . The honourable member briefly referred to the circumstances that rendered the last vote no true test of the opinion of the house , and to the influences which were sometimes used to bias the decision of members upon questions supposed to
involve religious principles . He then showed the success that had attended the efforts made by the administration to relieve the Post-office employes from Sunday labour , and contended tbat by the enforced changes the amount of work on that day might be shifted upon another class , but would not be diminished . Turning to the inconvenience that resulted to the public , he remarked that it fell most severely upon the poorer classes , and gave several instances out of a large mass in his hand , where serious and fatal results had occurred from tho stoppage of communication on the Sunday . He classed the Post-office service with that of the police , the purveying of food and otber works which the necessities of human society rendered
indispensable . Mr . _Roeouce divided the arguments in favour of tho recent vote into two classes—the religious and the expedient . Upon the first ho denied tho competence of the House of Commons to adjudicate . Regarding tbe latter , he argued that expediency required that tbe state should secure the greatest amount of rest for the greatest number of those who wanted it most one day in the week . Lord _Ashlev considered that tho vote which was moved and carried in that house , presented to ber Majesty , and acted upon b y the government , was a fait accompli , and should not be reversed without sufficient trial . He maintained that no such trial had been afforded ; while the changes were
introduced in an unfair and violent manner , on purpose to excite public disfavour . If the course was now reversed we could not stop until the Sunday deliveries were sanctioned in the metropolis itself . Mr . _Aolionbt was assured that the changes had caused more desecration than they had removed . Sir R . H . Ikgus argued in favour of retaining what he termed a great boon that had been granted to the country . . Lord J . Russbu , explained the position in which the government had been placed by the resolution ofthe house , which they were bound not to withhold from the Sovereign , whose consent they had advised . He did not consider that commercial correspondence was tlie chief matter , but the position
in which families and domestic affairs were placed by tbe change , and he owned he could not get over this circumstance , that here was a public department , charged with the conveyance of letters and armed with , authority to prevent their conveyance by others , wbich might transmit a letter one day addressed to a daughter , communicating the illness ofher father , which arriving early on Sunday morning at a provincial town would be detained for twenty-four hours . The effect of this , and there might be a hundred of instances , amongst poor families would be distressing . He recommended the omission ofa part of tbe motion , praying that pend ing inquiry tbe collection and delivery of letters on Sunday be continued .
Mr . Mcstz restated the reasons which had induced him to support the resolution . Mr . _Glaosiosb said , nothing had a greater ten . dency to disparage the authority of . the house than to rescind a motion , especially one so recently passed , before the result of the change could be seen . He objected to the preamble of the motion , referring to the great public inconvenience which had arisen from the total cessation of any delivery or collection of letters ou Sunday , After some observations by Mr . Rice and Mr . A . Hope , Lord J . Russell suggested the omission ofthe words objected to by Mr . Gladstone : and tho alteration proposed by the noble lord , retrenching the words at the commenccmehtand the end of the motion , wns then put as an amendment , simply praying for inquiry .
After some further discussion , in wbich Sir T . Acland , Mr . Hume , Mr . Cakdwell , Mr . _Scholefield , Lord D . Stuart , Lord J . Manners , and other members joined , the house divided , when tho original motion was negatived by 233 against 92 . After some explanations respecting the course that would be taken when tbe inquiry was completed , the bouse divided upon the amendment , which was carried by 195 against 112 . The other business having been disposed of , the house adjourned at half-past two o ' clock .
WEDNESDAY , July 10 . HOUSE OF COMMONS . — Monument to Sir R . Peel . —Lord John Russell gave notice of his intention to move , on Friday next , tbat an address be presented to ber Majesty , in order to tbe erection of a monument in Westminster Abbey to the memory of the late Sir R . Peel , sueh memorial to bear an inscription recording the " great and irreparable loss " the country "has sustained by the late statesman ' s decease . After some preliminary discussion the House went into committee on the Weights and Measures Bill , the consideration of which occupied the House until half-past three . Marriage Bill . —The third reading of this bill was then moved by Mr . S . _Wobtlev .
Mr . Walpole moved that the bill be read a third time that day . three months , opposing it both on religious and social grounds . He contended that the bill ought first to have been introduced into the House of Lords , where tbeologists and divines mi ht have given an autboritive opinion upon the religious _be-mngs of the question . Recapitulating , at considerable length , the arguments which had been repeatedly urged during previous discussions , he concluded with an earnest appeal tothe House to reject the bill . Colonel Thompson- thought that the Jewish prohibition was directed against polygamic practices , and had no authority over us . He supported the bill . Mr . _M'Neill spoke at some length against tbe measure .
Mr . Stuart _Wortlev replied , contending that none ofthe ratal consequences which bad been predicted from the measure would be produced , and that the object of the bill was to afford a great and much desired relief . The arguments against it had proceeded on the presumption that Englishwomen were , generally speaking , unchaste , which he indignantly denied . As to the religious part of the question , the warmest opponents of the measure could not get beyond the assertion that tbe scriptural rule was doubtful , and therefore it appeared irreverent to attempt to lay down a moral law which the Deity had not given . The whole subject had been argued so often , and with the same result , and the sense of the House was so clearly in favour of the Bill , thafc he would not dwell upon it longer .
Mr . Fox Maule conceived the Bill calculated to promote a low standard of morality , and he especially opposed its introduction into Scotland . Mr . Cuisholm Ansiet supported the bill _. On division the third reading was carried by 144 to 134—majority , 10 . Mr . Oswald then moved that the bill do not affect Scotland . This motion on division was negatived by 137 to 130 . Majority _. 7 . THURSDAY , Jum 11 .
nOUSE OF LORDS . —Tho House went into committee on the Inspectors of Coal Mines Bill , on the motion of the Earl of Carlisle . The noble lord described the terrible nature of the catastrophes tbat occurred with so much frequency in coal mines , and most of which were the results of negligence . The bill , whose provisions ho detailed , was designed to provide a _system _^ of inspection , whereby it is hoped the ordinary precautions by means of ventilation , the safety lamps , _ c , should be more strictly enforced . Some _observalions were made by several noble lords upon the details of the measure , after whicb the bill went through committee . Their Lordships then adjourned .
HOUSE OF COMMONS . — Abolition of the Punishment of Deatu . —Mr . Ewart moved for leave to bring in a bill to abolish the puuisliment of death . Public opinion , he observed , was becoming every day more unanimous in denouncing capital punishment . Besides tho outrage it inflicted upon the feelings of humanity , the existence of the extreme penalty seriously interfered with the _nd ministration and the effect of our criminal tribunals _Sn _. rS _^ _- _- death m _* inflicted con : stantly led the juries to acquit prisoners of whose guilt there was no doubt , while the , n « . ? Ski 0 ifi n „ d r _^ £ Ma cot o ¦ lS _ta _™ _*™^ theJud _» t of the _^ S _^^ _ST" * ' and contend ! d tha ? it tbo into , _itioLf iu , ° the sc _»* eoi thepublic and sucb _^ sSnis _hr ni r e k to avoid _^ e recurrence of sucu scenes by _performing the sanguinary ceremony
Monday, Jolt 8. House Of Lords. - Thb Te...
without spectators . ' ' - ' A minor punishment , if certain , was a better agent of retribution or reformation than the " severest sentence inflicted capriciously . Whatever-the result , of the present motion , he ' was convinced that the abolition ofjudicial murder was ere long inevitable . Mr . Hume pointed to tlie good results that had followed a milder system of punishment both in the criminal and the military codes , as affording a fair inference-that it was proper to erase the three solitary categories of crime which still remained upon the statute book withthe penalty of death affixed to them . He believed that the law reacted
upon the manners and mind of the people at large , and that when the oriminal code was sanguinary we populaco would become cruel and _brutaiijed . Sir G . Gret deprecated tho abolition ofa punisnment which formed , as he believed , a necessaiy safeguard to human life . Practically speaking , tne only crime for which the life of the criminal was taken was tbat of murder . _Agmnst this crime the penalty of death was the surest _Preventive , ana it was not safe to withdraw it . The usser ion that the public voice had pronounced _agamst capi , 1 punishment he met by a _demaI founded upon the fullest information it was possible to collect .
Mr . Bright remarked that 239 species of crime , formerly punishable by death , were now visited with gentler penalties . Some being expiated by very trifling imprisonments , and yet lifo and property were not less safe than heretofore . He added many instances ,-occurring both in Lngland and Ireland , to show as an almost invariable result , that hanging one criminal did not deter his comrades from orimo ; In cases of guilt the punishment was of proved inutility ; and in the contingencies where men had been condemned though innocent the infliction of so terrible and irreversible tt penalty was abhorrent to all sense of justice . Mr . _Shafto Adaib supported the motion , and after a few words in reply from Mr . Ewart , the house divided . _.-, _" ¦¦'
For the motion ... ... ... 40 Against ... ... ... ... . 46-o ¦
. THE CHARTER . Mr . F . O'CoNNOitthen proceeded to bring forward the motion of which he had given notice , namely , ' " That the house , recognising the great principle that labour is the source of all wealth ; that the people are the only legitimate source of power ; that the labourer should be the first partaker of the fruits of his own industry ; that taxation without representation is tyranny , and should be resisted ; and believing that the resources ofthe country would he best developed by _laws ' made by representatatives chosen by the labouring classes , in conjunction with those wholive by other industrial pursuits ; that ( in recognition of the above
great truths ) the house adopts the principles embodied in the document entitled ' The People ' s Charter , namely , annual elections , universal suffrage , vote by ballot , equal electoral districts . no property qualification , and payment of members . " He said , one way of putting an end to thecrimeof murder , which they had just been discussing _^ would be the placing our representative system on such a sound and satisfactory , basis as that , every person in the kingdom should be represented in that house . But , as an independent member , and as no speechof his would insure a single vote , perhaps the best course that he or any other member could take would be to propose his motion , and take the vote without a word of comment .
Ho begged to inform tho house and the country that , however the opinions of the people . on this question might he neglected now , simply because they were quiet when trade was good , as soon as that trade became bad , which would be at no distant period , the applications made to that house on the part of the people , would meet witb more attention than they did now , or than they had done on any former occasion . He admitted , with respect to the people of Ireland , that they attached no importance whatever to the Charter , or lo any measure which that house passed for that country ; but this was a period of calm in Ireland , and now was the very time for reconciling the people to the government of the day , which it would be exceedingly difficult to do in times when'trade became bad . In that house 105
members sat for Ireland , representing 8 , 000 , 000 of population ; Scotland 53 members returned ; whilst for England , representing no more than double tho population of Ireland ; they had 500 members , being nearly five to one as to those who represented Ireland . He contended that the people of England were more enlightened , and more prepared now to receive the changes which he asked for than the people of any other country in tho world . With respect to France , that country was not now a republic , but a complete despotism . In France , at the present moment the house of
the President was surrounded day and night hy soldiers with fixed bayonets , and the National Assembly , where the representatives of the people met to enact the laws , was always surrounded in like manner by soldiers with fixed bayonets while that assembly was sitting . France was now more of a despotic power than it ever was before . Any newspaper , for instance , published in Paris , containing anything reflecting on tho President , or the majority in the Assembly , was not allowed to pass free through the post ; and any official who signed' a petition against any alteration in the Electoral Law was dismissed . The
house , therefore , had no right to look to France now as an instance why they should not give the people of this country greater power than they had at the present moment . He admitted his motion was a kind of animal farce , —as his old and lamented friend , Sir Francis Burdett , for many years characterised the Reform Bill , which was , however , carried at last—constituted as the house was at present . In this country capital was the reigning monarch . The capitalists sitting behind the ministry would support the ministry in any measure which was antagonistic to the working classes . Did not that prove that the policy of
the ministry was based on the support they received from the capitalists ofthe country ? This question interested overy class of persons out of that house , and before he sat down somo honourable gentleman might perhaps get up and propose that the house bo counted —( a laugh)—but let him ( Mr . P . O ' Connor ) inform honourable members that the people outside had no confidence in the house . Formerly , when the Charter was propounded to the house , monster petitions were presented in its favour ; but on this occasion , he rejoiced to say that not a single petition had been presented favour . He would return to the consideration of the power ofthe capitalists , and tbo effect that the
dependants of labour had upon their votes . If a revolution broke out in this country , ten bludgeon men would put an immense crowed to flight , whereas , if a revolution broke out in foreign countries , officers of all classes , in the army , bankers , merchants , noble lords , shopkeepers , and all classes would join with the people , and what was it that made the foreigner more powerful , it was this ? That when a soldier enlisted abroad , his time of service was only seven years , he was drilled and disciplined and remained a soldier for life , and left the army at the expiration of his apprenticeship , while the English soldier remained a soldier for life . Col . Chatterton . —No , no . Mr . O'CoNNon . —The gallan t colonel said " no
no / however fie remained a soldier until he was decrepit , and became so exhausted that he was no use to the people or the government . That house , divided as it then was , could not profess to _vepvel sent the people ; not only were parties divided , but counties , cities and boroughs were divided Tho loi y , west _Surrey the same ; the citv nf T , nnVinn the city ofDublin , the city of Co" ! and hS _' f tiSn of tno _nS } ° i _* _V _™ _* _«« l _- » ta « _- r oused in flm Zl enc
tno _tnrco great boons that had been conferred upon tho English peoplo by tbeir representatives . * h r / ' _^ m 5 ,- nci Pation which qualified lawyers for the Boneb , for _Queen ' s Counsel , for Commissions in tlio Army , which thoy could not beforo hold , and for other officos , and they wero the greatest tyrants ; but such liopo did tho Irish people anticipate from the promised boon ,, that tbey consented to the abolition of the forty shilling freeholds ;" nnd when the tyrant landlord could no longer base his political patronage upon tiieir serfdom , tiieir hovels were levelled to tho ground . " The blackness of ashes how marks where thoy " stood , - : ' ' .. . ; ¦ ' " While tbo ' wiidmotherscrcamsb ' er hor famishing ' " ¦¦ brood . " _' • ' ¦
Monday, Jolt 8. House Of Lords. - Thb Te...
So much for emancipation ; what benefit did they derive from Reform , although they . were urge d on to madness to accomplish it ? Then , as ; to ireo trade it was _«'¦ a mookery , a delusion , and a snare . Here was England , with idle land , idle labour , and idlo money , importing the produce of other countries thousands of miles across the ocean , while her own land , if her labour was properly applied to it , would produce enough to feed one half the world . But the ministers carried the measure to insure the support of those capitalists who were their principal supporters . Let him assure that house that the greatest folly of which it could be guilty , was the denial of justice to the peoplo . If they had disfranchised Gatton and old Sarum , and enfranchised
Manchester and Birmingham , the Reform Bill might have been postponed , but the peoplo of this country having gained wisdom from the past , and been deceived by every previous measure , had now resolved upon contending for tbeir own rights ; and let him inform that house , that the people of England were more enlightened , and better instructed in political matters than the people of any other coun try in the world . There were more tracts and newspapers sold in one street in Manchester than in all Paris . And let him ask the government , what power they had to resist that growth of mind . Where was the noble lord , the prime minister , and tho majority of his colleague * , when so important a measure was submitted to Parliament ? They were absent—because they were aware that they could
not oppose the measure by argument . For himself , however few his supporters may bo , he was resolved to adhere steadfastly to thoso principles . And let him remind that house , that in former t imes every point of the Charter—with tho single exception ofthe ballot—was tho basis of the English constitution ; they had annual parliaments , universal suffrage , equal electoral districts , no property qualification , and payment of members ; and before he sat down he would analyse the justice of those several points , and woiild show the harmony that that there existed in this country . Here Mr . Campbeil—tho son of " plain John , — moved that the house be . counted , when , there being only . twenty-nine members present , the house broke up .
FRIDAY , Jult 12 . . HOUSE OF LORDS . —The Metropolitan Interments Bill was road a third time and passed , after a division on a rider proposed by Lord Rbdesdalb , in which the numbers were—For tho rider 24 _Ap . _iinsfc it 42—18 . the Commons' amendments , to tho Railways Abandonment Billwere then considered , when those amendments were rejected upon a division , in which the numbers were— . For the amendments 34 Against them 38—i Tho Parliamentary Voters ( Ireland ) Bill _wasread a third time , and passed . _, . . , On the motion of Lord Brougham , the County Courts Extension Bill was referred to a select committee , upon the express understanding that the report of tho committee should bo brought up with as little delay as possible ,
Their Lordships then adjourned , after disposing of the other orders of tbe day . _IIOUSB OF COMMONS . — _Monhment to the late Sm R . Peel . —Lord J . _Rcsseli , moved thatthe house should resolve itself into committee , for the purpose of voting an address to her Majesty , praying for the erection ofa monument to the late Sir R Pee , in Westminster Abbey , with a suitable inscription , commemorative of tbe irreparable loss which the country had sustained in bis death . In a brief address , which he delivered amid the breathless silence of tlio house , the noble lord referred to some former instances of similar honours paid to departed statesmen . The present occasion , like the one he bad just touched upon , invited every man to express in unanimity tbe pride which they all felt in tbe memory of a great man , who had devoted his life to the service of his country . Tbe address was unanimously agreed to .
Massacre op Pirates . —Mr . Hume recapitulated the incidents attending the massacres of alleged pirates in the Bornean seas , and denounced the unjustifiable proceedings of Rajah Brooke and the British officers concerned in the affair . He moved an address to her Majesty for the appointment of a royal commission to inquire upon the spot into the causes and events that attended the military operations against the natives of Sarebas since the year 1841 . Mr . Cobden seconded the motion .
A long discussion ensued , after which the house divided , negativing Mr . Hume ' s motion by 169 to 29 ; majority 140 . The house then went into Committeo of Supply , which occupied the rest of the night .
Did They Surrey Sessions. ' July 13, 185...
July 13 , 1850 . THE NORTHERN STAR . — ' ¦ ¦¦ _' ¦ T 7 _" _7 _TT
National Charter League. The Weekly Disc...
NATIONAL CHARTER LEAGUE . The weekly discussions conducted by this body at their rooms , 5 , Snow-hill , City , were resumed on Sunday evening last , when Mr . Dixon , in an able speech , introduced , ns a question for discussion , and of which he had previously given notice— " The consequences to be apprehended from the repeal of the Corn Laws . " His views were disputed , and an animated debate arose thereupon . The discussion was adjourned until Sunday next , the 14 th inst ,, when the chair will be taken at eight o ' clock in the evening , and tho question will be re-opened by Mr . Side . At a meeting of the council held on tbe evening of Wednesday last , it was unanimously resolved , to present the thanks of the League to Mr . Locke King , for his effort to extend the franchise , by the assimilation of the county to tbe borough qualifiation . The speech of Lord John Russell was warmly reprobated and condemned .
Aebonautics In Paris.—Extraordinary Inte...
Aebonautics in Paris . —Extraordinary interest had been excited in Paris by the announcement that M . Poiteven , an aeronaut , would ascend on horseback with a balloon , Upwards of 10 , 000 persons paid for admission to the Champ de Mars to witness the ascent , and outside , on the hei g hts of Chaillot , Ac , upwards of 150 , 000 individuals were collected . There was a vast number of carriages and horsemen . The receipts must have been very large . The President of the Republic was present , and was received with great enthusiasm . The balloon was fifteen metres in diameter , forty-seven in circumference , and twenty high , but it only weighed 160 kilogrammes . It was a matter of considerable difficulty to fill the balloon with gas , owing to the
violent wind which prevailed ; and when it was filled , it was beaten to and fro so strongly that several of the spectators had to assist in holding it . At a little before six o ' clock tbo horse , a handsome dapple gray , was brought out . A stout cloth was placed round tho body , and several straps , passed over the shoulders and loins , were united in rings , nnd by these rings the animal was attached by cords to tho network of the balloon . A platform of basketwork , seven or eight feet above the horse , contained the ballast , and to tbis platform the aeronaut had access by means of a rope ladder . A cord , passing through an opening in tho platform , enabled liim to open the valve ofthe balloon . The aeronaut was dressed as a jockey , and had with him Rftveral
bottles of wine and some bread . Some confusion was caused by the crowd attempting to force their way into the reserved place , but tbeywere kept off by the soldiers . At length , at ten minutes past six , tho horse was duly attached to the balloon , and M » Poitevon having mounted its back , the signal to rise was given . The horse plunged a little as it lost its footing , but when fairly lifted from tho earth it dropped its legs , as is the caso when horses are slung for embarkation on shipboard . Tbe balloon rose majestically over the Ecole Militaire but at times the wind was so violent as to drive it in such a position that it appeared on a level with the aeronaut . The emotion of the spectators was very great , and one lady fainted . M . Poiteven displayed extraordiuary saiio _/» oid , and saluted with his can
_nAM V ' a Attei _' _?™» ° howas seen to leave his saddle and ascend by means of the rope ladder to the platform containing the ballast , in order to _£ \ l ° Z ° A _° f _% ° " rise _W"" . This _fc _» ° SCend _, da d a ain mo « _"ted the horse . There was no network or anything to protect him _Kw " K ' The balloon went in the direction of Fontamebloau , and M . Poiteven intended to remain m tho air about an hour . Sevoral balloons weie Jet off before M . Poiteven ascended , to ascertain the direction of the wind , and some persons connected with him went off on horseback , in order to be able , if possible , to render him assistance in descending . It is reported that the daring aeronaut alighted nt Meaux , and tbat horso and rider have returned safo and sound to Paris .
Convicts' Provisions . —By the conditions attachod to tho contracts for supplying provisions , & c , for the use of tho convicts on board the hulks at Portsmouth , we percoive that tho provisons aro required to be ol a much superior character to those which two-thirds of tho population of these towns are able to procure—they are , indeed , required to be of tho very best qualities it is possible for even a tradosman or a man of affluence to procure for himself . The beef must bo " good ox or heifer , sound , sweet , nnd fresh , ( bull , cow , or stag will not be received , ) in fore and hind quarters alternately , " The
mutton , too , must be " the best weather mutton to bo supplied in equal proportions of fore and hind quarters ; " and the broad bo " tho bost ' wheat-en . " —Hampshire Independent . . The , Harvest in France . - _^ provinoes of _Guieniie , the Centre , Burgund y , Francho Cotnto and Alsace , tho wheat crops aro excellent _inVl _boans _, potatoes , „ c „ promise to bo abundant Tho hay u of oxce lent quality , and the rye , _rlsLlinl which fears had been entertained U «! _£ „ , n speaking , in a good state . ' SSi vl \ JS _^ fered from the frost n March l » if ¦ ,, . 7 l , tbo complaints made are cxa _^ _a _^ U h ol ?» Medoc , _thcYouue , Baori 0 | _ct-LoJri 5 Ih " ? ln
Surrey Sessions. ' The Adjourned Session...
SURREY SESSIONS . ' The adjourned sessions forthe oouiity of Surrey commenced on _: Monday , at the Court-house , _Newington-causeway , before . Thomas Puckle , Esq ., and a full bench of magistrates . Tho calendar contained the names of only thirty prisoners for _" hoosemi kakino . —H . Thorn , 24 , and J . Field , 19 , two labourers , were indicted for breaking _mto-the dwellin g-house of B . Colebrook , at Chertsey , and stealing twenty nine sovereigns and other money , his nrooert y .-Prosecutor deposed : that be _, was a . g ocerTchertsey ., On Sunday rx . orn . ng , the 26 th of May , he left h ; s house safely fastened up whdo ho t to church In the drawers in his bedroom in SURREY SESSIONS .
wen . there were two bags containing about _^ 55 gold and silver , besides about 20 s . in the till- On . his return home he observed that tbe staircase window had been forced open , and on entering his bedroom , he discovered that all his money was gone . In descending , he perceived the larder had been entered , and when he entered the shop he found the till ransacked . He immediately gave information , to tho police , and the prisoners were apprehended the same day . The money was afterwards found under a clump of firs , by the direction of Field , who took them there . —James Cotton , a blacksmith , residing near prosecutor ' s house , said he saw the prisoners pass his house on the morning in question . Tbey went in the direction of prosecutor ' s . "—Harriet Beddell , another neighbour , said she saw Thorri'Ieave
tho prosecutor ' s bouse a little before twelve in the morning in question . lie went up in the Cobhamroad , and stopped at a clump of firs . He stooped down , and afterwards walked away . She did not take particular notice of bim , as he frequently passed . —Field pleaded guilty , and , without the least hesitation , the jury found his companion " Guilty . "—The Court sentenced them to ten years ' ' transportation . —As soon as sentence was passed ,. Thorn turned round upon his companion in a furious manner , and would have attacked hira had not officers been behind him . He was forced away , and taken to the cells with great difficulty . The prosecutor here interceded for Field , whom he knew to be the dupe ofthe other , when the Court called him back , and reduced his sentence to twelve months at Guildford .
M — The Assault On The Queen. Criminal C...
m — THE ASSAULT ON THE QUEEN . CRIMINAL COURT . —THURSDAY . Some time before the opening of the court the doors and entrances were besieged . by crowds of well-dressed peoplo , who were anxious to be present at the trial of the man Pate , for assaulting her Majesty , but no one was admitted without an order from the Under-Sheriffs , and the court was at no time overcrowded . Their lordships arrived a few minutes after ten o ' clock , and the prisoner was immediatel y placed in the dock . There was nothing new in his appearance to call for remark . He was dressed in a blue
surtout buttoned up to tbe neck , and seemed to be but little concerned at the situation he found himself in . He stood firm and erect , with his hands behind him , and his whole demeanour and bearing was that of a military man . He was described in tho calendar as "Robert Pate , aged 30 , gentleman , " and the charge against liim was thus stated— "Unlawfully , and with a stick , striking the person of our Lady the Queen , with intent to injure our said Lady tbe Queen . " Upon being called upon in . the usual form , he pleaded " Not guilty" in a firm voice . The evidence forthe prosecution was merely arepetition of what has so lately appeared in this
paper . Mr . Cockbchn then proceeded to address the jury for the defence . He said he could not dispute the fact that the prisoner had been guilty of the act imputed to him , and certainly , if the prisoner had been responsible for what he did , it was an act meriting the severest punishment , but his learned friend had rightly conjectured tbat the act would be excused on the ground of insanity . the prisoner had been rightly described as the son of a gentleman of fortune , who resided in Cambridgeshire . In 1841 ho joined the 10 th Hussars in Ireland , and up to a particular period , which he should presently refer to , he performed all the duties of an officer to the satisfaction of his
superiors . He was very much attached to animals , and had two favourite horses and a dog . Tho dog , while suffering from an attack ot hydrophobia , bit the two horses , and eventually tbey died in a state of frightful madness . This circumstance so affected his mind that he became gloomy and strange in his manner . His father , however , having heard of the loss , sent him over to Dublin a very valuable horse ; but before it reached there the prisoner , without saying anything to his groem or servants , quitted Dublin and came over to London , where he was met by some of his friends . His manner appeared to them so wild and extravagant that they persuaded him to go down to his father ' s house , where he becam
still more outrageous in his behaviour . He declared to his father that the reason he had left Dublin was that the cooks and mess of his regiment had entered into a conspiracy to poison bim . His friend ' s , however succeeded in disabusing his mind of this delusion , and he returned to Dublin , but be had not been there long before he sent word to his father that his inside was filled with brickbats . His father immediately repaired to Dublin , and consulted Dr . Murray , the surgeon of the regiment , upon the state of his son ' s health . Tlie general impression then was that he was harmless and light-headed , nothing more , and his father allowed him to remain in Dublin . Shortly afterwards the prisoner again came to London , and , with
out communicating with his father or his friends , he sold his commission , and went to live in Germanstreet . Here his habits were of the most regular character ; he always dressed the same both in winter and summer , kept regular hours , and strange to say , for fifteen months , at four o ' clock in the day , no matter what the weather was , wet or dry , he went in the same cab , wbich was a Hansom , to Putney-common , where he would remain for an hour at a small pond without any apparent purpose , llis conduct in the cab was always violent and strange . After this he went
to live in Duke-street , where his conduct was equally preposterous and silly , while his mode of conducting himself in the street , and the manner in which he threw his arms about was so utterly at variance with the practice of a sane man , that the police had long kept a watch over him . Evidence for the defence amply bore out the statement of the learned counsel . The _AiioBNEy-GuN _BiML replied , after which the Judge summed up , and the Jury retired , and were absent four hours , when they returned into Court at ten minutes past sevon o clock with a verdict of " Guiltv . "
Mr . Baron _Aldersox , in a feeling ? dress , sentenced the prisoner to be transport id for seven years , observing that it was only out of respect to his family that the Court refrained from _ordering him to be publicly whipped _. The prisoner , who remained unmoved to the last , was thon taken away .
FRIDAY . RonBERT op a Cheque at tub Globe Insurance OFFiCE .-Walter Watts , late lessee of the Olvmpic Ineatro who was tried last sessions , was brought up and sentenced to be transported for ten years ' . Throwing a Wife out of Window . —Daniel B . Donovan was found Guilty of throwing his wife , A . Donovan , out of window , with intent to murder her . —Baron Alderson ordered judgment of death to be recorded , aad he at the same time said the judges would recommend his life to be spared , but no more . Just before the rising of the Court , it was stated that Donovan had destroyed himself in gaol . He had , it appeared , tied his handkerchief to an iron bar , and had thrown himself off the scat in the cell , and when he was discovered he was quite dead .
Death Of His Royal Highness The Duke Of ...
DEATH OF HIS ROYAL HIGHNESS THE DUKE OF CAMBRIDGE . The Duke of Cambridge expired on Monday night . The following is the bulletin announcing the death of his . Royal Hi ghness : — Caittbi'idge-house , July 8 th , 1850 . 10 O ' clock , p . m His Royal Highness the Duke of _Cambridge after passing a tranquil day , expired somevfia fi o " clS ° Sufferi _^ . _^ _twenty minutes Thedeceased Prince Adol phus Frederick . ? ° _^ ttt _^ Sf ° nth and y ° 4 ett si of George III ., had completed _the-fcth year ol _ShSyJlS ! _^^ ° ° the _lM °
Ciro ,W Z E ^ 03t Ve Cent Inventions Is ...
_ciro , W Z _^ ve cent inventions is ono for enruhl 5 i t _u re of carriage-wheels with India-1 p « 0 _^ _Th their F ° S iess i 9 remtoe « aois ehft imVn * l _le _""vantages alleged iu favour of SrhPin ° , _? 8 «» _Teconomy , the wear ana tear being very slight , H _, _? _p TniK _. rcceived _£ 21 , 000 for " The History of _whi V onsulate and the Empire , " several volumes of wnicn are-yet unwritten . The publishers , afraid in tneso stvmng times that ho might be cutoff , wished to insure his life , and tried tho London offices for tUO purpose , but they declined tho risk .
L'Rinted By William Kideu, Of No. 5, Macelesfield-Street-
_l'rinted by WILLIAM KIDEU , of No . 5 , _Macelesfield-street-
In The Parish Ol' St. Anne. Westminster,...
in the parish ol' St . Anne . Westminster , at tlie Printm _; , _Oftice _, 16 , Groat \ Vi !„ _mUl-street , llaymarket , in the City _ofWestsiiiiMer _. _forthel'roprietor _. _PliAUGUSO'CyNNOK E 3 q . M . I ' ., aud published bv the said William _Uidej : , at th ' o Oftiue . in the ' au me street _uu _4 _liarisli . S . iturua _^ July 13 th , 1 _SSP .
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), July 13, 1850, page 8, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns3_13071850/page/8/
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