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Northern Star (1837-1852), 14th June 1845, Edition 3 of 3, Page 6, THE SAISATORY CONDITION OF TUE WORKERS O...

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      N Thc Other Hand The Orthern, Star. Ju ^...

      THE NORTHERN , STAR . JU _^ 4 ' iB 4 * -

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      V. " ******** Fob ^4* ,Wo. Larnxsvthra ....

      V . " ******** _^ 4 * , Wo . _larnxSvtHra . _SWof the 31 st ult , under this _tifle , in tiULbst colmnn of the 8 thpage ot _tbatpaper , _iheMSKri , are _statrf m _bxxring come forth froni that B _^^^ c _^ mtnce , _SirisanesGraham , Bart ., Home _getietiry & _c- ; and I cannot refrain from _thinlsing . that _^^^ oxxocau and _indelibie dt * s of CharSsm . h & s _canteA youto misquote the words of the _HmxoxcruUe '' Secz _& ry , for { he express purpose of making' your readers _eot-jrit'de that , lie is either in a state of insanityorabsplute iaipjjsm ; . ier i-trtain I am that no man of sane mind could ani _^ _Tfouldut * _CT £ rachhii * _gtiageasthi 6 , vu ., "Themeasure -had , on _*^ w * h » le , wor-keaweU . So _-Mmplaantehaa "been mads by the great body of the people : the complaining _parJnsB were tradesmen , wao had the keheot in their otm _' _msrxi if _tmy chose to exercise it—ihe _wrrHHotnw 6 -ot can > rr . "

      Knowm _*? from conversations you and I have had together , in reference to this non-imprisonment Act , that you are a pretty Btrong advocate for ail laws for it . covE 2 r of ssbts tobe abolished , and to have nothing to depend oa but the hokods and _Hojresrr of eaeh other , or tit- rtfcdag credit to one another ; knowing tMs , / fed t ' AZ more firmly _omviraed tl < at Ton have made the _ffnoiralUe Secretary utter words which he never dreamt of ! Do you think it at all likely that a man of such literary eminence , of sueh profound knowledge of the affairs of -the community in _everr grade , could possibly so far forget

      himself as to wholly overlook the fact that the "tradesmen , who had the . remedy in their own hands ( whom you make the Honourable Secretary treat with no ordinary degreaof contumely ) , form a very numerous and truly useful class of society?—a class , in my humble opinion , hacked by a like opinion of tens of thousands ofthe orderly and thinking members of society , of a thousand times more real national Talue than all the lords , dukes , baronets _,-etlocosjiiijororiC , in the nation lumped together . I condemn you and you alone , Mr . Editor , for making it appear as ifthe Honourable Secretaiy lad forgot the feet _atwvenientioned .

      I condemn you and yon alone , Mr . Editor , on a yet more eerious ground . Tou makcit appear as ifthe _"Uonourable Secretary said they ( to wit , the despised tradesmen ) " had the itmedy in their own lands if they chose to exercise it , viz .. tie _unihhoTdbig of credit" Kow , can yon seriously think , or expect , or entertain the faintest hopes that any , yea , the most ignorant of your readers , will believe that the "honourable" _-mdemiiiniflj ; _Ittmirj-Secretary eould utter any such-like silly sentence , knowing at the very time when-speaking that "iheremtda" was not in their own bands , bnt that tens , yea hundreds of thousand- * of pounds were at that moment , owing to those despicable ( in thc aristocratic Secretary ' s eyes at least ) tradesmen , "ike only complaining parties" of the hardships and injustice of aa Act which , at one fell swoop , deprived them of every remedy for -recovering their debts f Further , you represent him as saying

      . ' * There were , no doubt , defects in thc old (? new ) law : Stat it hadbeen _isteoucced after _oreit _iTiEimo * - * and coKSiOHBiiiOK had been bestowed upon it . It was no such piece of crude legislation as had been affirmed . " It admits of a doubt whether this be not the most unkindly cut from your hand of all others : —fbr in this paragraph you make a man whose veracity is running with railway-carriage rapidity into a proverb ; one whose kaowiedge of the circumstances attending the introduction of the bill _uas of the most consummate characterflatly and irredeemably contradict the true facts connected with that biU . You yourself know—the whole kingdom know , that it was prepared by Brougham 5 b a crude form , without temperate and cool consideration of the probable , yea . certain effects ; that it was introduced at- almost the

      last moment of flic then Session of Parliament , - tbat it was hurried through with a haste rarely practised , except instate Bills , especially of a coercive character ; that it fell likc-a direful and desolating thunder-storm upon the heads ofthe people ; and that its amiable , and consistent , and _sekevolest father , Brougham , was" one of the very first men to complain of it as soon as the ensuing session opened * Clumsy enough , God knows , and despicable enough too were his awkward endeavours to saddle his colleagues with the whole blame for the harshness of its provisions , by laying a charge against them of having rreatlyaltfcredita clauses , and "humping" that they , not he , had made it the ruinous measure it has become to tbe industrious tradesmen and professional men in the middle -rank of life .

      Graham , according to _xoca _wrs-fern ofhis speech , makes a merit , forsooth , that" Ko cumpMuts had been made by the great body of the people—thc complaining parties were tradesmen 1 " * Pray , is it your desire and eipectation that all or any of . the steady and reflecting part of your readers , from the most intelligent down to those poor unfortunate vic tims to the worshippers of _ifammon , who never have had leisure to learn to read , but are beholden to kind neig h _, hours to communicate the truths of- your paper ( and I trust that all both literate and illiterate are a steady and

      resecting class ) wUl believe that the honourable Secreta _^ s faculties were so much obSiscated that he wholly _fergot the immense number of petitions , complaints , and remossfrances that "ihe great body of the people" have from time to time sent—and the only answers given were — - _•' _Boax them fc the stoves of the novst "—and bcest they _AiWATs wra- ; and will it be too much to say that not a few of the men ia office , then ? hangers on , and of * ' honourable mcmbrirs" also , would not have _roted against _ouay of the petitioners being burnt along with the peti _-tfons , had their wills and powers been CO : equal ?

      I have mor & upon this and some kindred subjects to communicate , provided you think this worth part of a colnmii in your paper . I am , "Mr . Editor , yours , Zeta . ( When wc have received the communications _nromls _^ d _an & ve , and learn _fte fuU extent of onr implication in Sir if anus Graham ' s " sayings and doings , " we may perhaps try to wriggle out of the " mess" in which that " dirty funcrioaary _' - -bas involred ns . Meantime we endeavonr -faibear _upundvtheload of obloquy atta !* hable to him , bat visited ouui , a * stoically as we can . —En . A . •? . ]

      Tee Young Irelaxders. ' We Were Anxious ...

      TEE YOUNG _IRELAXDERS . ' We were anxious to have a peep at the Nation of _Satarday hist , in order that we might see with what spirit "Toung Ireland" bore the recent severe _ehastaement . " The Nation , which was started to annihilate us , and prepare the way for a new generation—the Nation , which placarded upon every dead wall the "liberator" himself as being among the number of its literary contributors—thelVa _<«> n , which since its birth , has breathed nothing but bullet and bayonet defiance to thc Saxon—surely , " we said , " wiG be in a fine phi-en _^* after tho choice fellows who illurninate the columns -with thekfarUiingrushlights hare been scourged like whipped spaniels . " We procured from an obliging newsman the warlike

      pant , and commenced poring over it to satisfy the cravingof curiosity . A glance at the journal was _' siifieieflt to convince us that Mr . O'Connell had only " scotched the snake , " and that , notm _* _** _Manding aU the late " weeping and gnashing of teeth" "with thfl prodigal professions of _Realty and devotion , "Young Ireland" meditated mutiny when opper _ttiiiitj * sarved to render it tolerably safe and not utterly -ruinous . The first article -which caught our eye was a sort of hysterical outpouring of the soul , smacking stronj : of whiskey punch , and wearing the appearance of liaving been spun-out just after the writer had reeled from-thc banquet , where he had been _emoying himself with the gallants of the ' 82

      Club and provincial burghers , who love fatherland much , and hate not " potations pottle deep . " The diatribe , "however , although full of sound and fury , stiU aimed at accomplishing a covert object , by leaving it to be understood all , hitherto , had not been right as regarded some Repevkrs , and that a solemn pledge not to stop half way , even at this time of day , was necessary . We believe there is not a scintilla of doubt that this literary bomb-shell—a portion of whieh we will now present to our readers tor their amusement and edification—was manufac tured by that ardent Repealer , and , at one time , _sealoua "Whig undertaker , Mr . Michael Doheny , civic Chainberlain of the ancient city of Cashel : —

      IRELAND'S OATH . Friends and Foes ! know ye that Ireland is pledge- !—in words thc most solemn—by representatives the most competent—on an occasion the most august—pledged "before God and man , to achieve independence ! . Thebridge is broken behind us . He who falters now is a traitor , a perjurer , and a coward . . If Ireland ever—but never , never can It break the vow of to-day . The soldier who sells liis flag—the husband who yields domestic honour to a threat—tbe priest who barters his creed—are pure , brave , and holy , compared to Ireland , if Ireland ever accept thc Union . That pledge was the deed of thc day—the day will be ererillastrioi _^ for the pledge .

      " Sever , in our soil , was aprouderpomp—not even when _nmstered for a monarch . There was a parade that ought have graced an Empcrdr ' s tr iumph . In a noble haU , consecrated by the rememberance of 1783 , in the presence of a thousand fair women , stood the men whom _Bnglanrt had accused , convicted , and imprisoned , for seaidng Irish liberty . Here isTeritable thunder and lightning ; but we wBl-gtatifv our friends with another display of fire Tockcte _^ -aibcit , the report may shake the nerves of lord _Heytcsbury : —

      The' garrison of Dublin was paraded yesterday . Its cartridges were ready and its battalion concentrated to meet —• -aaarmed citizens ! "Viceroy ofthe alien ! your precaut ion * ' were cowardly against us as we were , and would have been vain had we been what yon assumed us . Tour troops would have perished in our streets , like a rivulet among : sands _-T * ut you acted as gnat a faliehoodjas the Indictment of IStt , when - _^ u took precautions against onr insurrection . fiwill be sees by the above that , whatever loyalty _*» JGehael IMheny" has for tho Qneen , her _repre' _itotamis treated -iriih _srantcourtesy . We , how L 2 " * » _tara away with pleasure fi * om , this gasconade to _^ j _TOmplato our hero , when his steam has got pro-¦ _Wf tnj ; easayingto mount -trithraiBteadypmions , i

      _ZS * " * ? r . TO 80 ar a * 0 Te " * e _Bacchus which _"f- _** _W _•"'¦ _Wtrfe the doe * , ofhis feTouritetaveni : — _, _-jl _M _^ tn _mtaitjof & e day _!^ n «& _tju » Men _* JiMpi _fljgg _^ _WIWantjr _offtf _ramelBxraeon— & _regraeno * - _^ _T _^ _trig _* V" _&* i m warn the wptessoe iatime

      May Vie Wrath Of God Smite Him Who Break...

      May Vie wrath of God smite him who breaks our tow ! May the arm of God hasten our liberty ' . Dear liberty!—Liberty , for whieh Sarsficld fought , and tone organised;—Liberty gained at GlontarfandDun gannon—lost by _diiision—Come j—come quickly * , we are athirstfor freedom ! "We can readily believe , when Mr . Doheny got this length , that he must have been in a thirsty con dition ; and , as tho freedom he requires is not yet attainable , we hope there was some kind Gannymede at hand to present hhn with a bottle of ginger beer , of unexceptionable quality , to quaff . One cannot help lauglung at "the prose run mad " we have quoted , when it is rememDered that the

      writer did his possible to return three whigs to _far-Uament—namely , JuaticePerrir . , thelate Chief Baron Wolfe , and Jlr . Sergeant Stock , and would , while the Melbourn Administration existed , have put any impracticaule politician upon the rack who dared to avow himself a Repealer or national regenerator . We now , _for-the present , hid adieu to the Cashel patriot , that wemaydrawattention to another article , written , it is said , by Mr . Thomas Davis , the weeping philosopher , and which shows that disunion is still possible , and that there be some who , if the weekiv stipend could be secured , " would rather reign in hell" than serve in Conciliation HalL We must permit Mr . Davis to offer his own explanation , though it savours sadly of egotism : —

      No doubt , thc severance of Monday last was on a graver question . No more serious subject ever agitated a Senate . Its seriousness should have prevented flippancy - , its sacredness should have deterred hypocrisy . Unfortunately both suddenly intruded , and an earnest difference of opinion was changed into a strife . Neither side did or would yield—extreme language was used ( some of it to us , but it was in the heat of debate , and wc forgave it ) . An accident prevented recrimination , a soft answer turned away wrath—and not only was a breach avoided , but a better understanding , and a warmer

      cooperation for the future , were secured . We are quite sure the chief parties engaged in tbat controversy look back on its _tera-inaHoii _willi unmixed pleasure , and are content to be railed at and misrepresented till thc heat of passion and the chai-gin of baffled virulence have subsided . There wasnocompronuseofpo _* _Ucy , _wosurrender of opinion on either side—there was thc retraction of an unguarded epithet—the expression of a kindly feeling—of a willing faith , and of a fervid patriotism . That expression was -received as it was offered , and the greatest peril thc association ever knew was weathered .

      Now this , we say , with all respect to Mr . Davis , is sheer nonsense , and the reverse of fact . Would he have us believe that the Repeal Association would have broken up , had he and a few others retired , _or that he was not in greater peril when Mr . Smith O'Brien , in a fit of trepidation , proposed its dissolution ? No , no ; had our baffled mutineer been thrust out , or voluntarily retired , one hundred , with as good lungs and as "voluble a _tontrue , would have remained behind to play his part and pocket his salary . We used tobe disci * edited when we hinted that , harmonious as matters gene-rally ; appeared upon the stage in Conciliation Hall , the leaders ofthe movement were accustomed to fight behind the scenes like wild-cats . Mr : Davis , in what follows , verifies to the letter that which we asserted .:

      The Association is formed only to Repeal the Unionit cannot bind its members to anything else ; and the introduction of any ether topic is at the discretion ofthe _wmmittee . ' It has hitherto been tbe custom of that committee to prevent discussion in public when the differences were extensive , and passion roused ; and it has kept thc Conciliation Hall as * i theatre for action , not an arena for dispute .. On the maintenance of that policy thc existence of the Association depends , aud we do not doubt it will be maintained ! On rare occasions the disagreement may break "into the public meeting , and will need no little watchfulness . Ve pray thai the occasions may be rare , and the watchfulness against our passions and our enemies great indeed !

      So , then , there have been disputes , Mr . Davis , in close divan—serious wranglings , as you inform us—of which the public was kept in the dark ! Ah , Mr . Davis , tliis is a startling disclosure , and trill , wc think , produce among a shrewd public a great sensation . Thc Repealers-will learn authoritatively , for the first time , from the columns of the journal which has been circulated extensively with their _nionej _* , that there are secrets connected with tiie internal management of the affairs of the Corn Exchange which it would be imprudent to reveal even to them .

      Mr . 0 Connell seems , however , determined to be no longer badgered in committee-rooms , but , upon the contrary , manifests a disposition to drag his feeble assailants to the platform in Conciliation nail , and there , in not a very conciliatory fashion , do execution upon them ; and such being his present frame of mind , it is not difficult to perceive how the contest must terminate . We cannot suppose , after what has lately occurred , that Doheny , Davis , Barry , and Co ., are so infatuated as to think they could successfully set up " a little ao" for themselves . —Dublin World .

      The Saisatory Condition Of Tue Workers O...

      THE _SAISATORY CONDITION OF TUE WORKERS OF BRADFORD . A short time ago we -inserted in the Star a report of a public meeting of the working men of Bradford , at which the question of their sanatory condition was mooted and commented on , and a committee of working-meu appointed to institute inquiries on flic subject , ahd lay the facts they conld thus gather before thc public of Bradford generally , and thc influentian mill-owners and merchants in particular , with a view to steps being taken to remedy a state of things existing in the heart of one of the most" prosperous" and " active" of onr manufacturing "hives of _industiy , " that would disgrace even a horde of savage Hottentots . That committee on its _appointment entered energetically on its labours . The town

      was divided into districts , and parties appointed to visit the habitations of the _produceus of wealth in person , that they might see with their own eyes tbe " SHARE" of comfort and convenience which the present system of "high civilisation" deals out to thoso engaged in labouiious pursuits , and report thc facts exactly as they found them . The committee , we find , have dono this ; and the result is , a mass of detailed misery and consequent depravity absolutely appalling ! The report has been published : and from it we shall select a few cases by way of sample , togivctheworkersgenerallyanideaoftheconditionin which " glorious prosperity" in manufactures has placed their brethren of Bradford . The report is introduced bythe following :

      ADDBESS OF THE SANATOBT _COHXITTEE , Appointed at a _uumcroii' * _meeti _' _iii- ' cf Woolcombers , held at Peekoter Walks , on Monday , May 5 ft , 1845 . Tbe Committee having observed ivith unfeigned pleasure the exertions that are now being made by Gorenunent , as evidenced in the labours of the Royal Commission , to bring the deplorable condition of the large towns and cities in this kingdom before the attention of the public , in the hope of inducing all classes of society to take up this all-important and absorbing question . _Considering that we are mutually bound to assist each other at this emergency , we have taken up our portion of the burden , and prepared a report of the condition ofthe Working Classes of this town , in order to induce the co-operation of all who can sympathize with the sufferings of their fellow creatures ; and also with thc hope that working-men in other parts of the country may be influenced by our esample .

      We have upwards of 10 , 000 Woolcombers in tbis town and neighbourhood , the major part of whom arc compelled to make a workshop of their sleeping apartment ; and as the nature ef their occupation compels them to work over a charcoal fire , which is constantly burning in their apartment by day , and frequently left smouldering at night , in order to expedite the labours of the following day , the most dangerous and deadly vapours are thus diffused through the confined and ill-ventilated room , and continually inhaled by the inmates , who unfortunately have no property sare their health , and no means of providing for their fhmilies when their "bodily vigour is impaired and broken down by the ravages of disease . Sufficient proof of these facts are exhibited in the emaciated appearance of the victims of this awful state of things—uniformly followed by premature death . And numerous are the widows and orphans who are thus thrown upon the world , to share its sympathies , or sink under the sorrows which oppress them .

      We feeldceply grateful to those who are now exerting themselves to remove this monstrous evil , and are disposed to give our hearty co-operation , in order to obtain for our families comfortable homes and healthy habitations ; our dwellings are improperly constructed , and totally inadequate for the uses to which tliey are now subjected , and , as will be seen from the report , a most alarming state of physical and moral degradation is the inevitable result—our streets are filthy and in a most neglected condition—contagions and noxious vapours are hourly accumulating around us : even the common decencies of life appear to be disregarded ; all of which circumstances might be avoided , if . a proper system of sewerage and ventilation werc adopted , and due attention paid to the other matters essential to health and common decency , wanting which we must ever remain exposed to attacks of fever and other contagious diseases .

      The philanthropist cannot engage in a more noble and praiseworthy undertaking . What can be more commendable than to befriend those whose labour hath contributed to make this great empire thc most wealthy in the world ? The moral condition of the people cannot be much improved so long as the homes of the workingclasses are so physically impure . Many of the vices of the age have their origin in the squalor and filth which surround the poor , and render them too familiar with 6 cenes of drunkenness and crime , to remove which we must elevate the character and exalt the condition of the whole people . Let all unite and make this a labour of lore . All may unite on this question , and the only

      distinction be , which can do most for society and for himself . Let us hope that the wealthy and the educated will co-operate with , and give efficiency to onr labours on this occasion ; and the heartfelt thanks of thousands will be their rich reward . We ' are _, yours respectfully , ' "Wh . Dawson , George Fuhk , '" " _'* . Jons Howe , Jobs Cm , 3 ohk DewhbmT , President , Thok 48 _Srciw _, Treasurer , Geob « TfmTE . Secretary ,

      P . S . —Ministers of religion , surgeons , physicians , or other gentlemen , are respectfull y requested to assist us by forwarding reports of their experience on this question —addressed to the Secretary , at the Committee Boom . Roebuck Imx , Bradford . The Report then enters into details . It seta forth the place of residence of each case reported , with thc the number of family , the number of apartments in the dwelling , the number of persons working in tho house , the number of females resident therein , thc dimensions of the apartments , and the sort of fuel used at work . Then there are appended to each case such "general remarks" as the case seems to call for , from which we shall give a few extracts , to impart to the general reader some idea of the condition of the working population in one of the best of our manufacturing towns : — FBOH HEeSRS . ruNN i _* s _** > bowe ' s _bepobt _.

      Case Ko 6 . Situate im Cannon-street . Eleven of family , five of them females . Seven work in the house , which consists of three apartments . Four beds . The visitors give an appalling description of this dwelling—six persons work in thc bed-room . Two females sleep there . Bad ventilation , no drainage , pig-stye , and other nui _«

      sanccs . Cases 7 and 8 . Situate in " Coxnmercial y ) afreet . " _Extremely unhealthy . Intolerable heat . Three men and a woman work in the bed-room . An idea may be formed of Ko . 8 , from the fact that two persons , father and son , were some lime _backfoutxd dead in the place , from suffocation . Ko . 13 . In "Marjerison ' s-row . This is a cellar , with two apartments , three feet below the surface . Bad drainage . Continual stench , and the ashes suffered to accumulate in front of the door . An adult male resident suddenly expired in this cellar two months back . The coroner and jury expressed their astonishment at the existence of such unhealthy places , and pledged themselves to bring it before thc public , but nothing has since been done to effect that object . No . 15 . In same place . A female now lies ill in bed in a room where four persons work . The apartment is three feet below the surface .

      No . 28 . Situate in Wapping , Upper room very hot . Four persons work and sleep in the apartment . Tho under apartment serves as bed-room for two , and kitchen for six . No . 43 . Situate at New Leeds . A miserable cellar , in which four persons work , and five , including threcfcmales , sleep ; four feet below thc surface . "Walls black with damp . Stench intolerable . No . 45 . At same place . Four persons , including three females , sleep in this cellar ; one man works at a charcoal fire , .. . . MESSRS . DAWSON AUD DEWHIBST ' S BEPOB . T .

      Cases 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , and 5 , at Mill Bank . Mill Banku situate in a low part of the town , behind the Sun Inn stables . It is filthy in the extreme . The street is narrow—drainage bad—stagnant water suffered to accumulate , and a most offensive smell continually emitted from the refuse which lies about in various directions . Notwithstanding thc foul atmosphere which exists in this locality , it is augmented to a fearful extent from the crowded state of the apartments in which the parties follow their occupations ; and also increased by using coke at their work , which emits a most noxious effluvia . It will likewise be seen from the five cases selected , tbat there are only seven teds for the accommodation of thirty-three individuals .

      Cases Ctol 8 , situate at'Thorapson ' _s-buildings . Here are twelve cases taken by rotation , which will give a fair average of the condition ofthe inhabitants of tbat neighbourhood . This locality is situate on an eminence at the foot of wliich runs a filthy beck , or stream , impregnated with thc refuse of dye-houses , manufactories , and dwellings contiguous to it . The streets are narrow and filthy , and thc general arrangement of the dwellings unfavourable to health . The inhabitants uniformly complain of ill health . - These twelve dwellings are inhabited by ninety-five persons , having only twenty-three apartunents for all purposes , and twenty-four beds , making an , aueraoe of four individuals to each bed , or eight to one bed-room , the _avex-age size of which is seventeen ' feet by fifteen . In case No . 6 , the brother and sister worked together . Only one apartment and one bed , Site lias now _lefiixx a stale of pregnaxxcy .

      Cases 21 to 25 , situate at Lower West-street , Tetley-row , TMs locality is described by tho visitors as being extremely filthy and ill ventilated , and the stench arising from the heat aud crowded situation of their workshops or bed rooms as intolerable , resembling a stove room where sulphur is used . Fifty-five persons reside in five dwellings with eleven apartments , and only nine beds , being little less than six to each bed . Case 27 . Bottom of " Victoria" (!) -street . Here is one apartment at which two work at a charcoal fire , and four occupy the same as a bed-room . Only one bed for All . Case 28 . Still in " Victoria" (!) street . BED IN _COAL-PLACE . Measured correctly , 3 ft . wide—5 ft . below the surface . THREE PERSONS , INCLUDING A FEMALE , SLEEP THERE !!!!! Case 40 . At Spiuk ' s-buildings , AVhite Abbey . Four feet below surface . In this miserable apartment a man , his wife , axid four children . SLEEP IS ONE BED COMPOSED OF SHAVINGS . General bad health .

      Case 48 , At High-street , "White Abbey . A cellar six feet below the surface . This wretched cellar is a workshop for three , and a sleeping apartment for two . Foul vapours from gas cinders infest the place , and a pool of stagnant water near the door . Case 56 . At Burner ' s Fold , White Abbey . This is a wretched dwelling . Five persons lie in one bed on the floor ef the upper apartment near the charcoal fire . Cases Go to fi 9 . At Regent-street , White Abbey , are truly horrifying . There are two privies within six _- feet of the dwellings , from whence the excrement overflows and sends forth au intolerable stench . Ashes , refuse , and filthy water accumulates with this , and contribut « s to most disgusting scenes , truly disgraceful , The dwellings near this Tile place are thronged with human beings working and sleeping in crowded apartments . Mr . Booth , overseer of Manningham , has expressed his disgust at this locality , " various diseases have afflicted parties , from causes enumerated , especially in hot weather .

      Cases 69 and 70 . At " * 3 _oMeiusquai _* e" (!) , White Abbey . The upper apartments in these dwellings are thronged witli workers , and seven persons work and sleep in the first mentioned , who aro continually inhaling the fumes of charcoal . Drainage bad . Case 83 . At Gracechurch-street , White Abbey . Five feet below thc surface . Shameful ! A mass of filth . A man , his wife , and four _cldldi-cn , together with hie mother , lie in onc bed in this wretched apartment _. Case 109 . At Club-houses . Four persons work in the upper apartment , in which a man and his wife sleep . They had to cease from work a week since , whilst the woman was lying in . Site now lies in bed exposed to their gaze . A DEAD CHILD IS LAID IN THE SAME BOOH . Such _caSCS are Of frequent occurrence , and ought to awaken the better feelings of those whose circumstances place them above such a revolting and humiliating position .

      Case UO . At same place . A filthy cellar , in which two men work . There are two beds in the same vile apartment , in which a number of men and women sleep in . discrhnuiately . It is no better than a common brothel _.

      MESSES . _SPira * -, ANO CABR S REPORT . Cases 12 to 22 . Situate in Queen-street . One general description will suffice for this street and neighbourhood , It is a mass of filth . No drainage . The horse road unpaved and nearly a foot deep in mud , together with stag . nant water . Houses generally crowded with men and women working together Indiscriminately . The back parts of the streets ou both sides have filthy yards and cellars , in which the inmates are also crowded together to a great extent . All this , added to the fumes of charcoal in several of the apartments , are calculated to generate disease . Several children have died of fever within the last few weeks , and a number of men and women are suffering from various complaints . An inspection of this part will convince the most sceptical vl' the necessity of establishing a comprehensive and eificiant remedy .

      Cases 26 to 30 . Situate in Duke _{ . ' ) street , Manchesterroad and _Holgate-sguare . The whole of the yards between Diikc-street and Victoria-street are unfit for human dwellings . There are a number of filthy cellars there , which arc chiefly occupied by woolcombers . Those places are dark and HI ventilated—wretched beyond conception . _Holgatc-square is a miserable hole , surrounded by buildings on all sides . This place resembles a deep pit . No chance of ventilation . A number of men and women work in the cellars near charcoal fires . Seven feet below the surface .

      Cases 42 to 48 . Situate in Nelson-court . A great many woolcombers reside in this court . It is a perfect nuisauce . There are a number of cellars in it utterly unfit for human dwellings . No drainage whatever . The visitors cannot find words to express their horror ofthe filth , stench , and misery whieh abound iu this locality , and were unable to bear the overpowering effluvia whieh emanates from a common sewer which runs from the Unitarian Chapel beneath the houses . Were this to be fully described , the committee might subject themselves to the charge of exaggeration . We trust that some of those in affluent circumstances will visit these abodes of misery and disease . Case 119 . At Back-lane , Westgate . This is a wretched dwelling—truly disgraceful . Thirteen persons lie huddled together , on lu > o "bundles of straw , on a damp floor , four of wltm are females . The filth , misery , and tendency to immorality which such a condition is calculated to engender is truly disgraceful

      Cases 121 and 122 . Situate at Leys . This locality is well known to be the filthiest and most unhealthful part of Bradford . It is occupied by the poorest and most abandoned portion of the working classes . The visitors give a revolting description of the crowded state of the houses and sleeping apartments , and the mode in which both sexes Ue huddled together , regardless of morality or decency . We have not space sufficient to describe this place . It is a perfect nuisance in every respect .

      FLINN AND CARE ' S REPORT . Cases 4 G to 73 . Situate at Bowling . This is a large and important district , situate on an eminence , having the extensive iron works in the immediate neighbourhood . The same general neglect of drainage , sewerage , Sic , which has been already described , prevails here also ; and is rendered worse by the close proximity of a large . number of furnaces , which continually send forth volumes of sulphureous smoke . AU this , added to the crowded state of tho upper apartments and the noxious fumes of charcoal , tends to produce a state of things inimical to health and destructive of domestic comfort . Case 74 . At same place . In this dwelling two females narrowly escaped suffocation from the charcoal vapour . A woman named Barber died some time since from the

      same cause . Case 76 , at same place . Two persons work , and five , including three females , sleep in the upper room near _«

      Charcoal stove _i . _Thisplace _isnecupiedby a widow , whose husband " was laid out in " the room whine the inmates worked . The report from which we hare selected the foregoing extracts , closes as follows :--The committee feeling deeply the great and paramount importance of the present inquiry , and being extremely anxious that a vigorous effort should noxv be made to remedy the grievances under which the working classes are compelled to suffer ; her "Majesty ' s Government having felt the necessity of taking the initiative in this great work , voluminous reports , emanating from the scientific , the wise , and benevolent , having been prepared and laid

      before the country , the thinking and humane must feel convinced that the time has arrived when something effectual and comprehensive shall be done . The co-operation of every friend of his species is urgently required , as an opportunity has occurred for removing the causes which lead to such a large amount of misery and disease . It has been clearly shown that malignant diseases can , to a groat extent , be removed , and health secured to all classes , in an infinitely larger degree than has previously existed . We therefore come before the public of Bradford with this report , trusting that tho same ardent love of their fellows may animate those who peruse it , as has been the guiding principle of the originators of the inquiry .

      From thc kindness and excellent feeling displayed towards us by clergymen of every denomination , aud the wealthier classes genorally , wo have reason to feel a sanguino hope of thc result of our labours . Our deputations have received a cordial reception ; the most lively iuterest has been taken in the success of this great design , and from all sides promises of co-operation and support have been received . We have likewise been kindly favoured with communications from Sir Robert Peel , and the Duke of Buccleugh , as president of her Majesty's Commission "for inquiry into the health of large towns and populous districts , " and received from the latter nobleman voluminous reports concerning the present question .

      It appears by those reports that the rate of mortality in Bradford is five per cent , greater than the average in all England—that medical aid is sought for to a great extent—that the heat and state of tho air is most offensive and destructive of health , especially in the dwellings of the woolcombers , and that the streets and yards occupied by this class of operatives are infected with foul vapours , sufficient to disseminate disease and extend it to tho other classes . Having thus far developed our general views on this subject , and without the most remote idea of assuming to dictate , we trust that the following suggestions will be received with that good feeling which we are so desirous of establishing .

      In the first place , we propose that proper steps should be taken , in order to cause the removal of those who crowd the sleeping apartments , and whose occupations engender the noxious vapours complained of , to commodious and well ventilated shops . This would , in a great degree , tend to make the cottages of a great portion of the working classes of this town subservient to domestic purposes , aud to a considerable extent remove the evils arising from the amalgamation of both sexes to wliich we have previously directed attention . Secondly , —In older to effectually work out this praiseworthy object , wc think it desirable to conciliate the good will and co-operation of the manufacturers , believing that even on pecuniary considerations they would find such an arrangement tend to their advantage , as well as conferring a great public benefit in wliich themselves , as inhabitants ofthe town , would become participators .

      Thirdly , —The propriety of applying to Parliament , ov by a deputation , to the Government , requesting that any clause or clauses deemed necessary for carrying out the general question of sewerage , drainage , Sic , should be introduced into thc general Act now contemplated by the Government , or to apply for a local Act , if such should be considered necessary . Finally , —That anything necessary to carry eut the remedy which is contemplated , and wliich does not come within the immediate jurisdiction of Parliament , shallbe provided for by the united efforts of the benevolent portion of the wealthier inhabitants , by means of a general subscription for the purpose , aud that the committee to carry out this important business should be partly composed of the wealthier classes .

      We haye great pleasure in announcing that the inhabitants of Leeds have cordially taken up tho question of sanatory improvement , and that all classes and parties are united in working out thc great blessing . A committee has been formed , consisting of tho mayor , the vicar , and other highly respectable gentlemen on the one hand , and by a number of intelligent working men on the other . This is a truly pleasing state of things ; ahd we trust that the excellent example of Leeds may be followed by the respectable portion oftho inhabitants of Bradford . May this feeling go on and increase , and _miy the estrangement which has heretofore existed between tlio various classes

      of society , give place to nobler sentiments . -We now leave tho question to the discernment and humanity of the public ; and feel convinced that all who read the facts set forth in this report , will conclude that the time lias-arrived when a great and comprehensive change shall take place in the condition of the working classes . And we sincerely hope that no interested or party feeling may enter into this question , in which the health and happiness of all are concerned . —On behalf of the Committee , _GtoBGE White , Secretary .

      THE IMMEDIATE RESULT . Thc publication of the Report , the result ! of the labours of the Working Man ' s Committee , has not been without its effect : for on Tuesday evening week-a numerous meeting , convened by the constables , ' 0 n _** a requisition signed by about thirty-seven gentlehien ( including the Vicar , three magistrates , clergymen , merchants , and _manufacture , of all parties ) , was held in thc large room of the Exchange Buildings , for the purpose of considering the necessary steps to be adopted for improving the sanatory condition of thelabouring classes . The room , which

      ¦ There was one expression commonly used by politicians , whieh , though of apolitical character , he would use , because it represented a great truth ; aud that was , that if they wanted to obtain any right they must agitate , agitate , agitate . In abetter than a political sense he would adopt tho word , and exhort them to agitate ; this was amoral , a social , a godly object , and he would say to his brethren ofthe working classes , continue to labourcontinue to bring forward your claims , your , sufferings , and your requirements—continue to bring these before the public mind , and in due time , whether tho iron were hard or no , the impression would be made . But he was far from supposing the iron would on trial be found to be unreasonably or extremely hard . It was in the nature of the public mind that it required effort to movo

      it . There was auother condition they had to contend with , as regarded progress . Thc huinan mind was sensible of cases of suffering that affected the . eye ; it was a natural condition ofthe mind to sympathise with what was seen by the eye , because such aflliction associated itself with the individual and forced the thought , —If it had been I that had so suffered ! Suffering which came by imperceptible steps , by minutes and small portions of time , by a slow , deliberate progress , which could scarcely be traced , was hardly appreciated ; the public mind could not apprehend that kind of suffering . It was the kind of suffering , however , the burden of wliich many of those before him had to lament , and the remedy for wliich they were seeking . Take the case of the dwellers in unwholesome dwellings . It did not at first' sight manifest

      itsolf to the community that a man living in one of those dwellings was a slain man ; but the observant mind of the medical practitioner , or the registrar-general , who analysed the deaths , found that though such a man were not slain by machinery suddenly , yet he was actually slain by inches ; his days were shortened—tliere was an imperceptible advance of maturity and old age , and death . This being the case , it would be requisite for the working men to bring forward and press such statistics on the public mind as those they had appended to their report , which showed that the average mortality in Bradford was five per cent , more than that of the kingdom in general ; aud if tbe report had gone further it would have shown that the mortality among certain of the working classes—they

      who were obhged to work in the day over the fumes of burning charcoal , and sleep in the night with the residue of those fumes , or perhaps the still brewing noxious gas ifthe scrutiny had gone * to them , the case drawn out , and the balance been struck , tliere would have been fouud a still greater proportion of mortality to those engaged in different trades . Thepublic mind required to havo tliese facts impressed upon it ; and he hoped the committee would make respectful , earnest , and lie would say , affectionate appeals to those who had the means to come over and help in the effort to remove such evils , ne should be most anxious , and rejoiced to see the work carried out by them with good heart and perseverance , until they had impressed it on the public mind , and carried it along with them to ultimate success , ( Cheers . )

      Resolutions in accordance with the object of thc meeting "were moved by thc Rev . J . S . Frost , of St . John ' s , Bowling ; Joe . Poppleton , Esq . ; the Rev . W . Morgan ; Mr . John Carr , working woolcomber ; ThoB . Beaum ont , Esq . ; George _Flinn , working woolcomber ; the Rev . James Cooper , of St . Jude ' s ; Dr . Farrar , and Mr . George White . A committee , composed of clergy , gentry , and working men , was appointed to forward the desirable object : and the meeting , which lasted four hours with unabated interest , separated in the best ' of feeling . In relation to thc wholequestion thus raised bythe Woolcombers' Committee , the Bradford Observer justly remarks

      :--The disposition to effect such a union is now stronger on both sides than ev * r it was before ; ana the will in such oases is a pretty sure element of eventual success . But it were foolish to hide from ourselves that there are form idable difficulties in the way of a speedy and permanent elevation : of the general social condition of tho working classes . The question at once arises _^ ' How and why do the working classes inhabit such pestilential dens as many of our harrow , crowded , ill-drained , ill-ventilated streets confessedly are V Ihe answeris , « Their poverty

      but not their will , consents . " This leads us one step nearer the original evil—theporerti ; of the working classes . After malting the largest allowances for the improvidence , and intemperance , and other bad habits of the working classes , we fear wo must come to the conclusion that large masses of them are in the receipt of such miserably incompetent wages as necessitates much of the physical wretchedness which is to be found , not in towns only , but in villages , and among the rural peasantry . This is the peculiar _phasis of the great social question of our age , wliich calls for the most thorough and sifting investigation of the leading intellects of the country . But waiving this / view ofthe question at present , itis clear that nothing but a resolute will and a good heart is wanting on the part oftho middle and upper classes to effect , almost at once , great and beneficial ameliorations in the condition of their less fortunate fellow-countrymen .

      Nothing else is wanting to pave and drain the streets in which tlicy live ; and nothing else is wanting to build workshops for the combers who are now compelled to make their miserable houses workshops nnd sleeping rooms . These are points wliich we hope the committee appointed to carry out thc object of Tuesday ' s meeting will not fail to urge upon all our uiill-spinncvs and iufluential citizens ; and if these points were carried , and these alone , they would reward all the labour that has been expended in getting up the Woolcombers * * Report , and in conducting the other proceedings which have resulted from it .

      Is One Ot The Largest'in Bradford, Was C...

      is one ot the largest ' in Bradford , was crowded in every part , aud included a great number of clergymen , manufacturers , tradesmen , and other men of local influence , and in circumstances of ease and comfortyefinbmg by their , marked attention to the heart-sickening details which wero laid before the hieeiing , theu ; deep interest in one of the most important inquiries that can engage the minds , or draw forth the united efforts of men , towards the amelioration of the hard lot of numbers . Thc Vicar of Bradford , Dr . Scoresby , occupied the chair . In the course of his observations he said : —

      The Farmers Acting, As Well As

      THE FARMERS ACTING , AS WELL AS

      SPEAKING . The " _" _Whistleus at the Plough" against the Whistlers in Downisg-street . " Central Agricidtural Protection Society . Repeal or the Malt Tax . —Owing to the extraordinary movements of SirR . Peel in the House of Commons , and the consequent defection which he has caused in the ranks of those who had been sent to Parliament to watch over the interests of thc farmer , the efficiency of this society had become of late greatly impaired , and it has somewhat disappointed thc high expectations _which had heen raised on its formation . The ill effects of the Premier ' s free-trade nostrums were seen at the commencement of the session , when a deputation from the committee of the

      society waited upon him . Several of the yeomen wished particularly to press upon the attention of the Premier their claims tor the total repeal ofthe malt tax : but the supporters ofthe Government , supposing it might embarrass the Premier , cried " hold" ; and , at their suggestion , the farmers gave way . The consequence was , as many had expected , Sir Robert Peel took advantage of this circumstance to give the manufacturers all they asked for , and the farmers just nothing at all . At the subsequent meetings the yeomen complained of their leaders , and seeing themselves deserted , and the cause of protection jeopardised by her Majesty ' s Government , expressed a strong determination , under their increasing difficulties , to direct their energies to the removal of their burdens ,

      At the April meeting Messrs . W . Bennett aud Baker placed a notice on tho books of bringing the repeal of the malt tax before the Society . At the general meeting ofthe committee in Bond-street , onTucsday , tiie 3 rd instant , pursuant to notice , this question came on for discussion . Mr . W . Bennett , being called on from the chair , said that he felt great trepidation in venturing in so respectable and influential a meeting to take so prominent a part ; his friend Mr . Baker , of Writtle , bethought should have been put first , as he had drawn the motion he was about to submit : but somehow or other his ( Mr . B . ' s ) name had been first coupled with it . He regarded the malt tax under any circumstances , as a frightful incubus on agriculture , but

      under its present increasing depression a most _uujust and intolerable impost . He would not take up the _valuable time of the meeting * by attempting to prove what he thought had been already reduced to demonstration , but would simply give some authorities on tliis subject , and then answer one or two objections to its repeal . The lato William Cobbett { thougkdo _* ibt ) _ess extravagant in some ofhis views ) was regarded on all hands as a man of strong mind , and greatly acquainted with men and things . Mr . Cobbett , through the whole course ofhis life , always denounced this tax as the most iniquitous scheme for raising money that was ever devised by any minister of any country—a scheme which not even the necessities of war could justify ( cheers ) . Hc had given one authority from

      the people , he would now give them one or two from a very different quarter . John , late Duke , of Bedford , a nobleman endeared to all who knew him , in a letter with which he ( Mr . B , ) had keen honoured some years since , and wliich he then held in his hand , uses the following emphatic language : — " I have alwaysbeen , and am still a decided Mend to the total repeal of the malt tax , * I consider it as an impost pressing heavily on the industry and energies of the fanner , and deeply injurious to the comforts as well as to the morals of the labourer" ( cheers ) . _Andthen _, who does hot remember thc name of the Marquis of Chandos as coupled with this subject ? Who does not remember the nice calculations he made oftho benefit the farmer would derive from its repeal ?—calculations whicli he

      thought , by the bye , much under the mark . Who , he repeated , did not remember how all Buckinghamshire rung with the noble marquis ' s protestations against this tax ? But where is that nobleman now ? Does Buckinghamshire rinir now with that nobleman's appeal to her spirited yeomanry on this subject ? How is this ? Are the noble duke's sympathies for his former associates quite exhausted ? 0 , he would not , he must not , insinuate ; but one thing he would say , and he wished he had a trumpet-YOlGC that could be heard through the land . He would say , that t iiat nobleman , and scores besides , voted for a repeal of this tax ivhen not a penny could be _spax-ed from , tiie exchequer ; but now , fox-sooth , ivhen thc minister announced that he had three millions to give aivay , not a

      svagle voice was rmsed among these farming representatives for the repeal ofthisaboxninable inmost ( cheers ) . Could it be thought thatthe yeomanry of England would quietly look on allthis , and not feel that thebonds which unite tiie middle and higher classes ivere being _sevex-cd asunder ( cheers )? But he had been speaking of authorities for the repeal of the malt tax . We had not merely here and there a commoner , a marquis , and a duke , the advocates of repeal , but the House of Commons had twice ( if he were not mistaken ) voted off this tax , and then , under the whip ofthe minister , voted it on again ( a laugh ) . But he had a higher authority than this . The master of the . House of Commons—yes , he repeated it , thc master of the House of Commons—( laughter ) .

      Sir R . Peel , had more than onee admitted that this tax was a heavy burden on agriculture . With such authorities , then , on his side , he would not detain the meeting by answering any little paltry objections , such as , all farmers would not be equally benefitted . Thepeople in one or two counties drink cider ( and , by-tiie-bye , uutaxed cider ) . The benefit of malt for feeding cattlo may not be so great as is expected . "No , he would not honour such puerile objections with a word of reply . ( Cheers . ) But there were one or two objections to repeal which he admitted had the air of plausibility about them . It has been said that the benefit woidd be more foreign than native j that the increased demand would give greater facilities to the introduction of foreign barley , this , however , would

      turn out more imaginary than real . He did not contemplate in the first place ko great an advance , especially iu thc price of tho best barley , but rather to restore the second and third-rate qualities to their relative difference in value to the good barley ; whereas that difference is now measured by 22 s . per quarter duty , added to the price . Besides which , barley being less expensive to cultivate than wheat , an increased demand would produce a greater growth of home-grown grain of this sort . Further , the large importations of barley are only found in deficient seasons , like the last . Had the crop been anything approaching to that of wheat last year , instead of upwards of 30 s ., wc should , under the depression of agriculture , have barely secured 20 s . per q uarter :

      and foreign barley would have been out of the question . But let us even suppose we arc mistaken in these calculations , and that the repeal of this duty would somewhat increase importations—what then ? If you are making good prices—if you can do what you like with your own—if you are allowed to turn the produce of your own farms to all such purposes as the most improved science can point out , witliout let or hindrance , what need the farmers troubletheir heads about the importations ? Why not be glad that thc foreigner is replenishing the exchequer , while they are pocketing tne thc malt tax , and their families , their labourers , and the public at large , getting at their hoinesa cheap , useful , and invigorating beverage . ( Cheers . ) But we are told again , as a second

      objection , that tins burden got rid of , will furnish an additional argument for the total repeal of the Corn Laws . What , have not thc farmers of England been already sufficiently plucked in this way to entitle them to this boon ? Is it too good a thing in their present circumstances ? Is thc payment of so large a share of thc poor-rates , county-vatcs , highwav and church-rates nothing , besides their share of assessed and income-taxes ? He appealed to his brother farmers , whether their hands werc not everlastingly in their pockets for payment to these things , Did any man in his senses suppose that , in the event of entire free trade in corn , these other charges coxdd be endured ? Besides , he had said nothing of the landtax , assessed and property taxes , with the rent charge upon the landlord . It was _Mn-JOssi & Ze , howevex ' , not to perceive that the shadow of protection we still have _ts being frittered awav , and that by an

      amalgaxnation of the _othex-ivise most discordant parties . The yeomaxvnj of England had been _bstrayed ; but they had this satisfaction—they were not the betrayers . ( Cheers . ) He now implored them to muster theu shattered troops , and to attack the enemy in thc most vulnerable part ofhis fortifications . Let them tell the minister , in a tono and manner not to be mistaken , that he is taking away the means of our paying thc taxes , and vie find ourselves neither able or vMing to endure them . He did not say that the repeal of the malt tax would do everything ; but he woidd take it as au instalment . The third and ( he admitted the most potent ) objection was , how is the lost revenue to be raised ? To find a substitute was , perhaps no part of their business ; but he would say , if you ean find no bettor , take the bull by tiie horns , ana lay the saddle on the right ' bach—raise thk property , tax from three io _nvE pee C 8 NX ,: that was one mode .

      The Farmers Acting, As Well As

      But , on thc other hand , if thc article _., _-f beer must be taxed in some form or other , - let it be in thc ma nufactured , and not jn the raw state ; liberate mult and the use of it in every form where used for do mestio purposes , and let it be taxed when _consumed in public-houses , where men resort mostly for the sake of company , and not becsiise they need the article . It was not Ids intention , however , to pr that part ofhis motion which referred to a substitute if it should appear at all to be the opinion of the gentlemen around him that it would be best to omit it ( cheers ) . —Mr . Bennett then read his _resolution whicli embraced the total repeal ofthe malt-tax ; the precise words we did not catch . Mr . Baker , from Essex , rose , and admitted that

      while Mr . Bennett on a former occasion _wasspeakfo-, upon this subject , and it appeared doubtful whether the question could be entertained without a _prooer notice being given to that effect , he drew the motion which had been placed on the books , and wliich had just been so ably moved ; and he concurred , he say most heartily , m every sentiment which his ftjen _< j had uttered in bringing this motion before the meet in ; . Mr . Baker then took an enlightened view of the present state of tho agricultural question ; and considered , under all the circumstances of the ' case deceived as they had been , a united effort for the repeal of this insupportable burden was the best course that could be at present pursued . We rcrel that our limits will not allow us at all to _dojastm !

      to this gentleman , lie concluded by heartily second _, ing the motion . My . T . _Um » _"em , irom "Warwickshire , was glad of an opportunity to support the proposition which had just been so ably moved and seconded by Messrs Bennett and Baker ; and he was glad to " find that there would be no objection to the" recommendation of a substitute for thc tax being dropped . ne thought , as did many of bis friends with whom he had conversed , that we had better name no substi . tute , about which there might be , and doubtless was ' a difference of opinion ; he moved , therefore , as an amendment , after the word " repeated" the other words should be expunged , and others added ( which we could not distinctly collect ) .

      Mr . John Hudson , from Norfolk , seconded the amendment , which was agreed to by thc mover and seconder to stand as part of the original motion . Mr . Stafford O'Bbien said he was not surprised at the disappointment which the agricultural gentlemen below had expressed as to their present _posi tion , nor at the factthat they , under such disappoint _, ment , were anxious to turn to some other source of relief . The Government had certainly manifested no disposition to relieve agriculture , but rather tlic eon . trary . There was no hope from the present ParUa . ment ; the fanners must fight their own battle atth e next election . He had not failed to impress upon the Government the great probability that thc rejection tX

      the late measure he had introduced would be met by a systematic attack upon thc malt tax . ( Cheers . ) The Duke of Cleveland had , in years back , sought the repeal of this tax without effect ; the position of agriculture was different now , although lie could not hold out immediate prospect of success . Mr . Alnut , from Berkshire , thought the repeal of the malt-tax would strengthen thc demand tor the repeal of the Corn Laws , while he considered it more important to get thc Canada Corn Bill anu the tariff repealed . The malt-tax was a bad and oppressive tax but he would not give up tlio chance of getting better Corn Laws . He therefore moved as an amendment that it was not expedient for the society to take up the repeal of the malt-tax .

      Some gentleman from bhropshire seconded the amendment . Mr . Fisher Hobbs , Mr . J . _Elk-iax , and several other gentlemen whoso names did not reach us , strongly supported the original motion for a total repeal of the malt-tax . A gentleman from Lincolnshire , although , hc liad for many years regarded the malt-tax as a heavy burden on agriculture , thought the restriction of the currency even worse , and woidd rather vote for a repeal ofthe currency laws . Mr . Weal , from Surrey , was in favour of the , original motion .

      Lord Wobsley had iieard the discussion with a deep interest , although ho regretted he [ had lost thc former part of the debate . He thought at any rale it would be mischievous fbr this society to decide against the repeal of a tax which was admitted on all hands as pressing so heavily , not so much directly as indirectly , on agriculture . He thought , under " the altered circumstances of the farmers , thev had made out a good case . Mr . Bexxeit rose to reply . —He thought he could gather from this discussion a great majority of this meeting were in favour of the motion lie had tlic honour to introduce-. If the two or three gentlemen who had spoken in opposition had pointed out any practicable mode of relief , he thought it would have been another thing . Mr . Alnut might as well whistle

      to the moon , as to hope , under our present _civcuinstances , to obtain greater protection ; and he thought it was in had taste , and a most unpopular sentiment out of doors , to seek to retain a burden as a justification for protection . He would find , in fact , no member ofthe legislature , in the present * state of parties , to take up his cause . And , however tv . ic it was , that a restricted currency was an evil to agriculture , he ( Mr . Bennett ) had still less hopes of a redress o ' t grievances in this way . His intention was to press his motion to a division . Notice of thc motion had been given to every local society in the kingdom ; from several wc had letters of approval , and none to the contrary , and a very large share of them was represented in this meeting . We had done little good hitherto , and he thought it high time to make a move iu thc right direction .

      The Duke of Richmond , after stating that the farmers must look after their own interests at the next election , said hc feared they woidd do but little good with the present Parliament ; but he had informed the Government that they might prepare themselves for a very spirited attack upon thc malttax . Hc then put thc amendment of Mr . Alnut , for which four hands only were held up . The original motion for thc total repeal of the malttax was then carried triumphantly . Mr . Gueaves and Mr . " Ujibebs , from Warwickshire , moved that thc resolution be printed , and copies sent to thc different local societies of the kingdom . Lord Wouslet . moved thanks to the chair , and thc meeting separated . —Bell ' s Weekly _Messenoer .

      Framework Ivkiiiers' Movement. — A Gener...

      Framework Ivkiiiers' _Movement . — A general ! meeting of the whole of thc branches of this trade in i and near Nottingham was held on Monday , June flth ,, at two o ' clock , in the _Town-halj . Mr . Samuel Win- ters , of Carlton , being called to tho chair , said that ; he felt great pleasure in being appointed to preside over such an important meeting as was _tllCH _asSClli ** * bled . Subjects important to them as Framework i Knitters werc about to be , brought before them , and i hc trusted that each speaker would be heard without t interruption . He then called upon Mr . Jonathan n Barber , who addressed the meeting on the importance ; C of the frame-rent trial , the present position of the ie Framework Knitters with respect to their coiiaoli-idated Union , tho general Trades "Union and theie

      forthcoming Conference , and urged , with great force , e , the necessity of the workmen uniting for mutual pro **)* tectionand benefit . Thomas Stone next addresscded the meeting , and spoke at large on the condnct ofof _oce of the largest manufacturers in Nottinf ' _t ° _* _- " wards his workmen . Hc stated that the ¦ '• . ir > hchc Messrs . Morley ) wcr » in the habit of re _* • *> g * _* a serious amount tlic earnings of their hands bjbj the most unjust means , such as giving _ordeM to have tho work done in a particular form , anano when such work had been made in the best _possiblcblc way according to the directions given , still finding ag ** fault , and deducting—though , in fact , there was n < n < fault to be found , except thc complying with _th'thi directions given . This was a practice of frifn

      qucnt occurrence with the firm hc had just nanieuieu who have been held up as the most _honourablnbl amongst thc master manufacturers . JJufc that wawa not thc worst part of the story : if any of the _hand-nd working for that firm should take any part in _Tradeulei business ; lie is punished ; first found fault ivitit ; an an then deducted for inferior work ; and at last throwow out of employment : and still these men wcre _pbcbc _fessh . _-g Christians ! Mr . Joseph Souter came foi foil ward to give the meeting au account of the resulsuM derived by him from a small portion of land which ih li held , and enjoined the Framework Knitters to ncvccvc cease in their endeavours until they got a fair po po tion of the soil for themselves . B . _Humpliriariei general secretary , came forward , and cave an ai a

      count of thc business connected with the Govcrvcrii mental inquiry . Thomas Stone was called on by tly til chairman to read a petition . It was then _proposfposi ; by _Joseph Harrison , and seconded by D . "Bland , th ; th :: the petition be adopted by this meeting , and _thatliat be signed with as little delay as possible , whwhiii passed without a dissentient vote . Mr . John ClaClaii came forward and read several letters—one in _partparii cular received from Leicester , stating that the _fraairaaii rent case now stood the 12 th on thc list , and t ! d tj ! court would sit for the dispatch of business until fiil i 4 th July . The chairman then brought before tve tj meeting the outstanding debt of the central _coi con mittee , which being vsiy considerable , it was _agi-cagre that a levy of one penny per frame per week be poe pr : until such debt be liquidated and the petition < on <( penses paid . Thc committee of management will will at t at tt

      to receive the same every Saturday evening , King George on Horseback , Nottingham . Meeting o ? Trades at Derby . —In _compliaipliaii with a request of thc iron trades of Bury , a put puL [ meeting of trades was held in this town on _Thursftursfl evening , June 5 th , to take into consideration jou II position of the men now on strike at Bury , when hen 1 following resolution was passed :- _*" That in 'in 1 * opinion of this meeting , the men now on _striketrikethe firm of Messrs . Walker and Co ., Bury , oughtugh stand out with vigour and _deteimiuation until tfcil til obtain their just ends : and we pledge ourselycselycs * assist them with pecuniary meanB for so desirable _tible « laudable an object . " After hearing a lecture * leljvc ' eUvc : i by Christopher Doyle , on tho _subjoot of » conaolitolwai union of trades , and also on the Land schonie , as » , as remedy for the evils that press on tho worton _Wn " * a goodly cumber of rules wero sold . "

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), June 14, 1845, page 6, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns3_14061845/page/6/