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Northern Star (1837-1852), 14th July 1849, Edition 3 of 3, Page 1, TO -FEARGUS O * CONNOR, ESQ., M.P. _ Siu...

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    • TO THE WORKING CLASSES
    • National Uaira Gcmmm
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      To The Working Classes

      TO THE _WORKING CLASSES

      Mr I'Mexds, ^During The Whole Of Last Av...

      Mr I _' mexds , _^ During the whole of last Avcek , and for soiree tuiie previousl y , my mind was so occupied with matters of various descriptions , that it "was _impo ssible -for me to say a word relative to the _dii _^ assi on apon the People ' s Charter in the House of Commons . I may now state , however , that no circum - _Stance connected with . my long and varied political career , ever gave me so much pleasure , or inspired me with such" strong hope , as the debate upon that question . Though not usually nervou 3 , yet I assure you I never felt more so than in " undertaking to develope the practical views of a nation upon so comprehensive a measure . I feared lest an indiscreet

      sentence should justify-the opposition of those to whose support I had looted for ultimate success , Tou know , as-well as I do , the difficulty ofxeconciling antagonist parties to popular opinions ; and you are also aware of _ihe just reproach to ; "which the leader of those principles subjects himself , if _^ he _^ merges thought ¦ of Jhem in thought _ofrtself- And in this easel -was _mo-st p _^ _- aliarlyj- ' - _^ eircumstanced , as for years I have / beea the target of those who

      ¦ would have justly hased their opposition upon a rambling , exciting , self-landatory speech . But I have ; : beeh more than repaid for the anxiety I endured , by the fact , that "while my speech appears to have given general satisfaction , it also extracted a retractation ofhis old pledges 4- & 'om Lord Joss Russell , by the avowal _| hat he . thought THE TIME HAD _ATHtlVlSD "when large concessions shonld be made to , the "working classes—an admission "which never before "was extracted from the

      _Uoble Lord under heavier pressure . I shall say no more upon the political -question , but shall now draw your attention to the social question . But , in passing , let me briefly _fuiunfjfifirif'rii'ynii the onerous " and trying _eiwnmstances against -which I had to contend last -week _. Firstly . —During the-whole-week I-was suffering severe indisposition . Secondly . —My mind was tortured "with anxiety lest an indiscreet * word from me should injure the Chartist-cause . Thirdly . —At thevery time when I required mental calm , I received intimation of the brutal , "unjust , and ungenerous complaints of a portion of the located members at

      Bromsgrova Fourthly . —I had an action pending against me in the Queen ' s Bench , for an attorney ' s bill of costs for the defence ofthe Chartist prisoners—but upon this subject I shall address "Voh a short letter . Fifthly . —Thc Judge of the Northampton Countv Court gave Mr . _Gcbbets a judgment against me for 21 . 9 s . 9 d . of the 41 , 19 s . 9 d . that he sued for , so that he has lost 21 . 10 s by his action , -while the Judge has granted a new trial even to dispute his right to the 21 . 9 s . 9 d , Sixthl y . —I had another application about some member in Halifax , who "wished to follow Mr , Gubbiss _' s example .

      _Secenthly . —l received a very proper letter -from Mr . Muxtz , the member for Birmingham , complaining of the abuse of him in the " Northern Star" of last week . Now I think that any , the most obdurate , man -will admit that these -were strong grounds for reflection , and well calculated to break the soundest spirits ofthe boldest individual _^ however , the same medicine , — A CLEAR

      _CONSCIENCE—that has always sustained me , has proved an effectual remedy ; and as the "working classes , as a body , are not _un-^ gratefnl , _-uaj-enerons , or thankless , I have received some little consolation this * week from the letters I publish from different parts of the country , but especially those from Bromsgrove , signed by a majority—and by the poorest—of those located by Bonus npon that estate .

      Tou are aware , however , that although a "little leaven Ieaveneth the -whole lump" that it requires a perfect flood of gratitude to overpower these streams of rascality , and yon -will ¦ also discover not only the wisdom and confidence but the self-reliance of the truly industrious , from the feet that four solvent in dustrious individuals have offered to become tenants to four of those reviled allotments , at a Tent of 16 L a-year , and to pay their rents halfyearly . The name of one is advertised in the * ' Star , " arid as to the others , application is to be made through the Directors .

      You "will find that the "want of pumps confctituted the sole ground of complaint , -while the ~ _*« -ells arc sunk , and , as I stated , the pumps are to be put in . But if I required stronger confirmation of the value of the Plan , -would it bepossible to find it more satisfactorily proved than by the letter of those "who have paid their Bonus , and "who have been located upon the estate , and not one of -whom -would let ? In passing , I may observe that one who has subscribed his name to the letter , "Jons Woodex , " occupies the allotment upon "which all the bricks , for building the several houses , - were . burned , and the most unsightly and rugged allotment on the estate , but he is an agricultural labourer , and says tbat he -will show them what to do . And let me here

      inform your order that the application of such labour to the band is the only possible means by which yonr social redemption can be achieved ; Mid , as I have often told you , if the land was locked up to-day I-would not give you three straws for the Charter to-morrow , and that has been my sole and onl y reason for undertaking so gigantic and responsible a task as blending the political and social principles , so that you may be _insfa-ncted in the science of thc totter , -when you achieve the means of carrying it out , by the accomplishment ofthe former . And any man of common sense who casts liis ftye over the past four years aud a quarter , _« nce tlie Land Plan was established , will see the difficulties against which I have had to contend .

      Every one is aware that fury , bombast , ¦ violence , and resolution to die with your heart in your hand , while they cost nothing , will _Jt-cruit ardent and enthusiastic admirers ; while the feelings of a man who has paid five Shillings , orfivepence . todemonstratethepower of co-operation , would be governed by interested selfishness , and will not take the repayment of his five shillings iu long yarns of _cubbish .

      But here lies my greatest difficulty ; the venom of the units is joyously circulated through _, the organs of faction , while the gratitude of millions is suppressed ; and one enemy can do you more harm than a thousand friends _t-an do yeu good . But , mark my peculiar position ; in all other cases popular enmity is only roused against a principle , or a system , ¦ while , " as regards me , it is directed solely against the individual . And - need I—in _confirmation of this great fact—remind you of the Ster eotyped convictions of promoters for

      " i ? _llKEDOM _¥ OB , THE _MILLIONS - » ' IT IS SOW ASCERTAINED , FKOM PKACUCAL EXPERIENCE , THAT A MAS CAN NOVf _ilAIXTADf HIMSELF , WIFE , AND _FA-3 IILY ; AND PAY THIRTEEN PER CENT . RENT , Upon TWO ACRES OP LAND , COST-| IXG ill AS ACHE . " i If I searched the dictionary , or if I ex-Biausted the English language , could I furnish any revilers with a stronger or more irrefutable feiU £ _* . veriotlieii' continuous slander ? Their reply

      _vould be , " Yes , but that means the Land _lurchasedby OUR friends , and which will lot release the holders from serfdom ; but fours means Land that would make them independent of capital /' Y In this week ' s paper you will also find a sensible addressadopted" _-onanimbusl y "by 160 If the Merthyr TydYl shareholders j and g-hihvl "read it with pleasure and satisfac-| on , there are a few points that _require exg lanation . Kldyifriends should bear in mind , that Con-

      Mr I'Mexds, ^During The Whole Of Last Av...

      ferences were called for _Qjst express purpose of making changes inh _^^ s tiy with altered circumstances , over _whra _^ _hM had no control ; and , that ike _DirectajsMm _^ Iso compelled to _malie changes , in co » SHp _|!^ tb the _resolution of Conference _jano _^ to the abateinent of the twopence per _weeTt'expens _^ they must be aware that that cohclulion _^ _lsT _i _^ _'ived at by the conviction of the Delegates , " that the people would not be able to pay it , " arid that the .

      poorer members would consider it a hardship . AU the other observations made by , the good men of Merthyr shall—as they well deservereceive , my strictest attention , and shall be submitted to the Conference ; and I- can only say , that I subscribe to every one of them , with the single exception of reducing the number of Directors , as they may rest assured that there is more than enough of Work for three at the office , while Doyle does two men ' s "work

      j upon tiie estates . I do not boast of my own work , but I do assert , without fear of contradiction , that the books and accounts of the * Land Company , the most voluminous and multifarious ever kept by any company , are alspjhe _^ mqst accurate , *; complete , an _^^ cntical ; and" any _* man shall _inspiect the accounts of the Bank of England , down to those of the smallest individual banker in the kingdom , ( that is , if they will allow them , ) the largest railway company down tothe smallest , and the largest merchant ' s accounts down to the smallest , and not one of them will be equal in accuracy and mimfteness to those of the Land Company ; land the subscribers must understand that

      upon confidence in those Directors my character depends , and that that confidence has never been shaken . I find that the Directors have decided that the Conference shall be held at Snig ' s End , in the school-room . I would rather have held it in the midst of my constituents ; but I think it as well that my juggled dupes should have an opportunity of seeing Snig ' s End and Lowbands , which almost join , and Minster Lovel , which will be within thirty miles of it ; and as they will be able to judge for themselves shortly , I no-w assert that they will be perfectly amazed and astonished .

      In conclusion , let me ask you if a stronger proof can be instanced , not of the value , but ofthe absolute necessity of popular representation , than the fact , that while all represented classes can insure a legal right to juggle , cheat , and deceive the people , I cannot secure the legal right to protect the people against my own injustice . And why ? Because the friends of faction and opponents of

      freedom , judging by universal precedent , have the matchless audacity to base the hope of my destruction upon the great temptation placed in my hands . Last year , however , I conquered _, them -with a balance sheet ; and this year you shall have another , not manufactured by me , but bearing the names of Mr . _Fiklaisox , and Mr . Ghey , the Government Actuary and Accountant , after the closest inspection .

      My friends , if I had robbed you and lost my political power , I should have been characterised as a clever merchant , but as I have discharged my duties faithfully , and robbed myself , and thereby preserved my political power , I am a swindler , a vagabond , a juggler , and a cheat , but I still remain Tour faithful Friend and Representative , - Feaugvs- O'Cokivok .

      At The ¦^Y/^-/^^-: ^'^ ~<Y^ * /" •*' T-'...

      _¦^ y _/^ _- _/^^ -: _^ ' _^ _~< _y _^ * /" _•* ' _T- _' _-F _^ _. _.-. . ¦ .. _' . _? _.-: ¦ ¦ t V-

      And National Tradef Journal. . ' ._ - ^ ...

      AND NATIONAL TRADEf JOURNAL . . ' . __

      P Yw T ¦ ¦ '' Tol. M..612. _]~ ^ Imdqi, ...

      P YW _T ¦ TOL _. m .. _612 _. __]~ _^ _IMDQI , SATURDA , _^ l 849 _~ «« _KS _^ . „„ _^ m " _^^^^" mmr '¦ - **"" " * _" _******** - ** - *************** * ' ******* _- ** — " ** _- ********« " _» _' _^—•¦ ¦ ' _* _" _- _***** _- *** _- ** _- **** _' _- _^ _- **** _- * _" _- * _- _" _- * _----- * ° - _»» _Mi _^ .. i _^»«—»« 3——Hi _iliiM lM » _i « _ml—kaMj—^—— .- _» . « n i , _ " ™ ' ¦¦'

      ~*++S*****-S**R*-R* *L^M}^* F * R***Rr *...

      _~* _++ _s _***** _-s _** r * _-r _* _* l _^ m _}^* f _* _*** * *** " RUIN THEM WITH EXPENSES !"

      TO THE CHARTISTS , M y Friends , Tou will see -from the report of the trial in the Queen ' s Bench of MACNA 3 L 4 . ua v . _O'Gonsor , that however favourable the law or the judge may he , the privileged jury will act upon the recommendation of Lord Melbourne to ruin the Chartists witli expenses . Nothing could be more favourable than the summing up of Lord _Denjiax _, and , as you will see , nothing could he more conclusive than the evidence , had I not been the scape-goat .

      There are two or three very peculiar circumstances connected with this case . The Goverxok and the _Chatlain of Newgate were the only two witnesses examined against me , and their evidence went merely to show that after the Committee had employed Mr . Mac _>; _amaka , I announced that as solicitor for the prisoners , he-was to have the privilege of seeing them . Now I will not undertake to contradict the sworn information of a-reverend divine , but I declare , npon my honour , that I have not the slightest recollection of ever seeing him . Then as to counsel—although I admit that a barrister will sell his construction of

      law , as a hosier will sell his stockings—yet it is a most curious circumstance , that this very _Seijeaut Allen , who was counsel for theplaintif _£ was the very first man to become a member of the Radical Association , and pay his shilling entrance money upon the platform in Circus-street , in 1835 , and he made such a tremendous speech that I requested the reporter ofthe " True Sim" not to publish it , for fear it would damage us . But so powerful is thc talismanic influence of wig and gown , that the learned gentle-man relapsed "into Toryism , and was the candidate for Birmingham upon Tory p rinciples .

      Thejury took three hours to decide , and then expressed their doubts as to their verdict ; however , I am determined to fight Lord _Melboukne _' s successors with their own . wear pons , and to have a new trial in November . I have overpaid this Defence Fund by nearly 60 / ., and if I am to he " ruined with expenses , " the charge will lie at yonr door , for , as I have often told you , a man cannot do a nation ' s work . I am still , Tour faithful and uncompromising Friend , _Feakgfs O'Connoi- * .

      "What The State Gets Bv Xife Assheance -...

      "What the State gets bv Xife _Assheance - "When assurances npon human life are effected for business purposes , we consider that the state should derive benefit from them in the shape of taxation , hut -where they are effected against future calamities , which may come , at any moment , when we least expect such a visitation , perhaps , out of small _earning , and by much self-denial , we find m prac-« _pb that any such impost is a tax upon proyidence ofthe most aangerous and impoUtic tana , _smcelife _S-SiuTis _dinSi-u-hed according to the extent of _tKx About £ 60 , 000 , 000 are invested in life assnrance from which the state derives an annual _SmSmore than £ 1 , 000 , 000 . A _taxuponprovi £ e of such a nature and amount is a curse IS blow dealt at the happiness of a nation . _ _TAe Reporter , for July . , „'' _.-,- ' Tnr . T _^ _cj-5 OT * THE FWHIBIAN (& EBMAS ) _EiQGRAXI

      Smp .-Duringthe last fortnight a number of bodies _supposed to be those of the unfortunate bemgs who _Perched in the Floriditui emigrant-ship ou the long Sands , last February , have been picked ' up by the cruisers off Margate , _^ un _^^ _and _ttotrort of the coast . The remains _W-4 _* fM mutilated , it mav be remembered that _tteieafl ¦ was proceeding from Antwerp to New YoiK , ana that upwards of one hundred and fifty German emigrants were lost . It is conjectured that the hodies were buried inthe sands , as none of them were seen at tie time , and the high winds in the early part ot last week may have slightly shifted thc sand , aad removed them from their temporary grave .

      ¦ -- '' Mr. Muntz, M.P. ¦ '** .:' Ley Ha...

      ¦ _-- ' ' MR . MUNTZ , M . P . ¦ _'** .: ' Ley Hall , hear Birmingliam , * . ' . ; . v ¦ '' ,:. V .. _¦; : ;; . .- -.. ; _-:-j _* _ffl _^ 9 _^ ijB 4 _^ s ' Sir ,- —t ' _jrna shown this " _moi-ning the last " Northern Star" _jn ' _* wMeh . ypu ' : caU : me . a ' _re- _- negade , with some other genteel remarks . .. It would be quite as well before you abuse others to inquire if you have grounds for so doings ; in the present instance I am abused _because I will not subscribe to _eoerything whichjoii think wise , and charged . with having heeK . a Member of the Convention . — I beg leave to' say that I never had any thing to

      do-with the " _-Cphventibn—that I was residing in South "Wales , a hundred arid . fifty miles from _Birmnjgham , when it was got up—that I believe I Was * hamed as one of its . members without my consent being asked , but that I declined actingand never attended any : qf its meetings I think it only fair that , after having so misrepresented me , you should correct your misrepresentations . . Yours faithfully , * ¦* ;; ' - , ' ; :-G ., Fv ; Mo _* s * _iz-i * _FeM'gusGVQonnorjiBSq _^ M . _-GP _^ London .

      My Deab. Muktz, I Assure You That Your L...

      My Deab . Muktz , I assure you that your letter ofthe 9 th inst . gave me extreme pain . I had not read the article in the " . Star" to which you refer until I received your letter , hut having since read it and your letter , T think yon are perfectly justified , not in the explanation you give but in the complaint you make . I am not aware that you were even named as a delegate tp the Convention in 1839 . I believe it was your brother . Nor ainlaware that you ever pledged yourself to the Six Points of the Charter ; but I am aware , as I have previously stated , that there is not a more independent member in the House of Comriions . .

      Those circumstances of which you and others frequently and justly complain , give me much painandcausemenohttleanxiety . The ¦ "Star " is not only open to reflections upon all , hut frequently to observations most hostile to myself , I have tolerated this system for a long time , simpl y upon the ground that I wished to afford all an opportunity of expressing their opinions even of myself , however hostile they may be , and there is no circumstance that has caused me more pain than this uncalled for and unjustifiable attack upon you .

      Trusting , as far as 1 am concerned , that this explanation will be satisfactory , I remain , faithfully yours , Feabgus O'Connoe . C . F . Muntz , Esq ., M . P .

      National Uaira Gcmmm

      _National _Uaira _Gcmmm

      O'Cokxonville.—The Week Before Lost, Mr....

      O'CoKxonviLLE . —The week before lost , Mr . Robotham , lecturer on Chemistry , paid us a visit , and we beg thus publicly to return him our thanks for his kindness in giving us two gratuitous lectures on " Agricultural Chemistry , " and the many valuable facts and suggestions embodied therein . These lectures , and the other _amusements ofthe week , will show that notwithstanding our deplorable condition , as represented in the' Nottingham Review , we liave some enjoyments . On Monday week , we had four vans from London with parties to view the estate ; and on the following day , to prove that we had not forgot the political principles that gave birth to the Land Plan , we determined to hold a rural festival . Firstly : In consequence of the _Rromsgrovc

      location . —Secondly : Of Mr . O'Connor ' s motion for the Charter and thirdly -. In commemoration of the anniversary ofthe American Declaration of Independence . We accordingly got up a gipsy party , and , preceded . by the band , took our way to a romantic dell in the neighbourhood , where Mr . T . Ireland was elected King , and installed with all usual ceremonies ; and we helievc if all kings studied as much to promote the happiness of his subjects-is he did , there would be fewer republicans . After enjoying ourselves for some time we returned and pitched our tents on thc land of thc late Mr . Richardson , wh _* ch is situated in tho

      highest portion of the ground , from whence the whole estate lay spread beneath us , while we could also command a view ofthe surrounding country for a dozen miles on either side . Had our late poetic visitors been with ' us'to havo enjoyed this varied scene , wc do not know what flights thoir imaginations might have taken . After refreshing ourselves and enjoying various rustic games , including the dance on the sward , we adjourned to the schoolroom , where the song and recitation filled up the pauses in the dancing , and the day ' s pleasure terminated with three cheers for F . O'Connor , Esq ., the success of the National Petition , and the Charter .

      Hull . —At the usual weekly meeting , held at the Malt Shovel , "North . Church Side , on Monday evening , July 9 th , Mr . Jackson in tho chair , the secretary . read the correspondence from Mr . Wheeler , in _answer to some reports spread here , which was received with satisfaction ; after which the letter of Mr . O'Connor was road from the Star , and a strong debate ensued . On the motion of Messrs . Oliver and Smith , it was resolved : " That the discussion he adjourned to next Monday evening , in order to atiord every member an opportunity of giving his opinion on its contents . " Norwich . —At a general meeting of Land members belonging to this branch , held in the Chartist Room in St . Mary's , on Monday , July 8 th , after a vote of confidence in Mi ' . O'Connor and his brother Directors , the following resolution was agreed to : —

      " That this meeting is so disgusted with tho fortunate allottees and members generally for their treatment and ingratitude towards Mr . O'Connor , who has devoted his life and property in their hehalf , that they are of opinion the only plan is , in our present position , for that gentleman to apply to Parliament for leave to wind up thc affairs of the Company , and pay off all the dissatisfied members . " We beg also to inform our brother shareholders , through the Star , that in the event of the Company being wound up , several gave in their names to give Mr . O'Connor full power to take the money thoy had paid to assist him in carrying out his new move of buying wholesale and selling retail , or any other plan calculated to emancipate the toiling millions of this country , with no other security than his word , and they hope other localities will come forward and do the same .

      TO FBARGUS O CONNOR , ESQ ., M . P . Sip , —Trusting you will insert the enclosed , report at full length in the Star of next Saturday , for there was a very strong muster of members here last Sunday , and we went to a considerable expense to call the meeting . There were 160 members together , and they all earnestly request you to insert it , for it is very seldom we trouble you with long reports , and you see unless some plan is adopted the Land Company will soon go to destruction , but if the old plan is adopted it will speedily be restored to its usual vigour . Yours , most truly , D . R . MORGA . Y .

      _Mer-th _*** _- ?; T-nmi .. —A special meeting of the members of the Land Company resident in this town was held on Sunday evening last , in their room , back of Wellington-street , when the proposed Conference was taken under their consideration , and all came to the unanimous conclusion'that they could not see the utility of the proposed' Conference , for nearly every rule made at the Conferences had been broken ; some by members , and a . large portion by the directors : there is one in particular —and on it the entire prosperity of the Company depended—that is , the non-enforcement , of the members to pay the twopence per share per week . However , we are of opinion it is not yet too late to re-organise the Company , for there are very blooming prospects now before us ; all are now aware

      the press—with a few exceptions—is now advocating Land schemes of some description ; and they are springing up in every part of the kingdom with gigantic strides ; we are firmly of opinion if the above rule was carried on with strictness , the Company would he now in a _prosporous condition , for if there were only 20 , 000 members in it , there would be only land and houses for that number wanted ; and if each of them waa to pay sixpence per week—that is ; the paid-up as well as the uiipaid-up menibers—the above sum ; from 20 , 000 members , would amount-to £ 500 weekly , —that would be £ 2 , 000 per month , and it would amount to theneat sum of £ 26 , 000 per year . But it would be better if there wove Only 5 , 000 members , good , in the Company , than to be iri the miserable position

      O'Cokxonville.—The Week Before Lost, Mr....

      TO FEARGUS 0 CONKOn , ESQ ., _TA . V . Sir , —It makes my very heart ache to read of your intentions of winding up the affairs of the Land Company—to have , as it were , the cup of hope dashed from my lips . The land , ofall things , was niy fondest wish , I havo beon a paid-up three acre member before the first draw , but the luck of being drawn seems in some instances to have fallen into the hands ofthe ungrateful , the selfish , and I may say , some monsters inhuman shape—but such things are . Ah ! sir * , had the men been put on according to priority , it would I think-havo been different ; the best men , the men who placed confidence in you , men determined , to carry out the system , were , iri the first division , if I may judge at least

      by the early members who paid up in Reading . That you are . tired arid sickened at so much ingratitude I do not doubt , for I myself am tired in my little way , in combating with members who have lost three ' , four , or'five shillings , as they say , by the Company—men who hesitate to pay a * shilling towards emancipating themselves , but will spend four shillings por week in cold fourpenny—sueh men would not purchase their freedom if it depended on their spending a dry shilling . I . have had jobbing gardeners at me likeaswavmof bees , and I have invariably found them as ignorant of what they produce in the several gardens in which they work as a young jackass is about his own father , ' for I have always beat them by their own answers to my questions . Where then , sir , is the intelligence of the working man ? for who there is such a mass

      O'Cokxonville.—The Week Before Lost, Mr....

      ° fignorance"how c . in wo . _exjeefc gratitude _^ when . the minds of inen 1 ate » o barren cf schoolboy intellect , as not to _knaw'how many _cablkges he grows . ore a pole of ground . _H- _' . you , sir , _iwoJo' to < plant . suckling pigs , and trees * , . that * should : boa- ** ; . i * _oa-st ; beef , -hid wereto scald the ; pigs when ripe forthenij and chew the . beef for them , when they , wanted ; - they wouliS grumble and throw dirt" in your face- if _yoir did not carry them to bed when gorged to repleticn likewise . . Duttherdi arc some *; good . mon among us , and is it . noti apily rthat _^ _suoh-i » en should be thrown back to th " e , w 6 i kh 6 _use- ; door by . such fellows ? ' Is it riot hard arid grating , think you , to the very souls of such men _^ to - know t hey aie slaves through - the ignorant apa & My of-their oww elass I . Talk not tome

      of the intelligent and generoiis . working classes- of England , when a gentleman _eomes forward with all his soul , intellect , time , and property , descends _fi'orri his high station , with , the sole intention to benefit the poor , weak , trodden-down * working-slave '; to raise him up from his degraded prostrate condition —a man who will , in after years , when history will record his actions without _prejudice-or party feeling _,, place his name upon the highest pinnacle as the greatest philanthropist that Great Britain can boast _,, and throw the . Howards and Prys iato the back grourid as _pigriiics . j I say ,-talk * oot of the working classes ' - _*; iiitelligen " ce . arid generosity , when sueh a man gets for ' all his great efforts neglect , insults , and selfish motives plastered upon his name . * TVhv don ' t

      the generous English working men who are in employment , say— " We are not members of the Land Company , but to show our generosity we will GIVE from our wages a , halfpenny per week for twelve months , ' and in spite of a dastardly , government , you SHALL go on ? " The amount weekly from so many would be large and work wonders , but the tax upon that boasted generosity would be only a pipe of tobacco less—wonderful sacrifice—a grain of mustard seed from each would fill a bushel , and let the registration and Joint Stock Company ' s Act go tothe devil . Thc working man ' s freedom is in his own hands if he would but exercise a little wee bit of generosity ; in fact , it is too little to be ealled generous , it is a slur upon that virtue—it is a duty one man owes to another when it is to elevate las fellow creatures and at the same time working out his own and his children ' s redemption . I hope and trust that the Conference will suggest some plan to enable us to go on and not to wind up . My son ,

      Henry A . Major ,, was . drawn a three-acre man in the last ballot ; he is willing to transfer the possession tome—would to Dod 1 could get it . I am too poor through having so miich affliction in my family so many years , that I cannot pay a bonus , or I should have been one at Bromsgrove or bought before now . I am well known by all the Wheelers , at O'Connorville . I hope , but it is ungenerous in me to abk you to persevere for me ami others like me , when you get nothing but ingratitude for your glorious efforts . That sweet hope seems now to be flying from me and to leave me no prospect but the workhouse . But thanks , sir , for . the great efforts you have made on my behalf , and may the blessing * - of God reward you , —you have the prayers of thousands—and your name will be handed down to posterity and will have the blessings of thousands yet unborn . Please to excuse the liberty in trespassing on your valuable time .

      I remain , an admirer of your philanthropy , Thomas Major 43 , Whitley-street , Reading , Berks , Julv , 1849

      We Ai% Now In. We Have None To Blame But...

      we ai % now in . We have none to blame but tho DirecfcoKfj * that the above rule is not carried into effect . _-W _*^;^ propose the following rilari for the consideration of all the Land _. moiribcrs of the 'WMo , and we trust all will meet , and _coe-llv and _^ _ffefully . deliberate on -it , for it will do quite _V- _^ ii as ] _"W"ng a Conference , and save much _cxpense-r-that is to lay a levy of 6 d . per week on _eveiypaid-up member , as well as the unpaid-up ; and -x _•* y _' 0 _l ? PanyA 0 be carried on as it commenced , aad not bother , the detestable government about protectioD . * All . that had confidence in Mr . O'Connor would come forward : and pay , and those of the unpaid membere that would not _bomnlv . _'tliBir '

      nnmfi-to . be , immediately erased from the'books of the Company . ; Re-establish the ballot , for that is the only _^ hing that "will place the Company on a firm toundation ; for the poorer members' are entirely disheartened since the ballot was abolished ; and let this he as a fine or penalty on the paid-up members that will not comply with tho rule , not to stand any _. chance . inthe ballot , andthe unpaid to be erased from * the ; books . Then we should soon know how _manyigood members were in the . Company , and all those ; paid-up mem bers that would not comply , with the above rule , to have their money back at the _winding-upTof the Comrariy , ;; that . ' is when the last man _waston jthe land , " arid'let them have . four _' per _^ _titmj _^ tamney _.- _^ yfe' are firmly of opinion , -if

      there _wereTKty plans proposed , none would work so well ris . this plan , for we are sure it would meet with the ' approbation of ten out of every twelve in the Company , and wo arc agreeable that the bonus should be contihued as at present ,. for if any member had _. nioneyfiiy him , and anxious to go , we think it right'he should go . We . also think if there was a ballot to take place every three months it would greatly -facilitate the above objects , for every one would then exert himself to clear up every three ' months , and we are of opinion the number of directors should be reduced down to three , for wo think that number plenty to carry on the operations of the Company when it shall be cleared of its present lot of lumber ,

      ( we mean two with Mr . O Connor ) , and if the Company goes on more prosperous than we expect then Mr . O ' Connor can add one more to the number , or employ an additional clerk ; and we arc also of opinion , that annual elections for directors should take place in each locality , as well as at the Conference . We have seen with extreme regret in the letter of our esteemed father that he is intending to retire from public life , we humbly and earnestly implore him not to do so , for if that was done all hope in this country would be for ever lost . We have seen with great astonishment , in the report of our friend ' s "Day at Lowbands and Snig ' s End , " that a large portion of that estate is waste and unproductive , and very likely portions of the other estates may be in the same condition . We consider it the

      duty of the Directors , whilo they are in the employ of the Company and paid for their services , to take to any land that may be deserted by any allottee the instant it is made known to them , and they should request the members located on each estate to furnish them with intelligence if any one should quit his allotment . And vre are of opinion , the first on tho books of the balloted members should occupy all such vacant allotments , for . we consider it a crime of the greatest" magnitude to let the land become a wilderness , and so many of the members in want of bread , —many in this town would be glad to have the chance to go there . We have calculated , by what we have seen in our friend ' s report , that on Lowbands alone tliere is at least £ 50 a year lost to the Company . We trust thc above neglect will be speedily coi'vected ;

      TO FEARGUS O COXNOR , ESQ ., M . P . Honoured and . Respected Sir , —We , the members of the National Land Company , resident in this town and vicinity , have seen , with extreme regret , iri " your letter in the Star of last Saturday , your intention of retiring to private life . We , the above members , humbl y and earnestly implore of you not to do so , for if you do all our hopes and prospects are for ever vanished . We extremely regret to hear of the constant torment with which you are troubled by a portion of the located members and somo of the others . We are at a loss to know

      what is the reason of their grumbling , unless they are too well off . There are many in this town who wish they had their chance—but we earnestly trust you will not be daunted by the few discontented . Wc held a meeting of Land members here on Sunday evening last , and there was a very good number of members present , and the proposed Conference was takeri under their consideration , and they came to the unanimous conclusion that they could not see the utility of it , for every locality could send in their opinions to you as well , and , perhaps , better than at a Conference . You will have the

      goodness to read our report that we have sent to the Star this week before it is published , and wo have no doubt you will highly approve of it . Wc have all recommended the Company to be re-established on the old form—that is , to establish the ballot , and not to trouble the government for protection . We have enough of confidence In you for our protection . Wehave recommended a levy ofGd . per week on every paid-up member , as well as the unpaid-up members , and we have made a calculation that 20 , 000 members would be found to comply with the proposal . Sixpence per week from that number would be £ 500 weekly , £ 2 , 000 monthly ,

      and £ 26 , 000 annually , and we propose that all those paid-up members that will not comply with the rule shall have four per cent , for their £ 5 4 s ., and havo it back at the winding up ofthe Company—that is , when every man that has complied with the rule is located—and all those unpaid-up members to hare their names erased from the books ofthe Company , and to ballot every three months . That will be an inducement for all the paid-up members to clear up every quarter , and also to the unpaid-up members to exert themselves to clear up , to stand their chance .

      You may depend , if there were fifty companies formed , none would work so well as this proposal , for as soon as the ballot was abolished , the whole oi thc poorer members were disheartened—but the Bonus may then be continued . If any man had a hundred pounds by him , we see no reason that he should not go on an allotment . We also proposed to reduce the number of Directors to three . We omitted to propose a levy towards paying thc Directors . You will have thc goodness to consider this report and give your opinion ; we have no doubt it will meet with the approbation often out of twelve ofthe Land members throughout the kingdom . We were greatly astonished at reading the report of our Worcester friends relative to Lowbands , that fourteen acres of it shouid be waste and unproductive , but we do

      not lay the least blame to you , for wo are perfectly satisfied that you perform enough of work for tho mon—we ave looking to the other directors , for wc are sure they have but very little now to do ; they should take to every allotment the instant it would be deserted and cultivate it for tho benefit of the Company , or let the first on the books of tho balloted members Occupy it . There are many in this town would be glad to have the chance , and we are perfectly satisfied they would be industrious tenants . We calculate that the fourteen acres on Lowbands is at least £ 50 a year lost to the Company , and there may be other estates the same . We trust you will stir the Directors about it and not let such things be reported again , for it is a crime of the greatest magnitude to Jet land waste and the peoplo starving for oread , and that land within our grasp .

      I am , honoured and esteemed father , Yours most obedieritly , David It . Morgan . ( Signed for the Land Members of Merthyr Tydvil . ) Merthyr Tydvil , July 10 , 1849 .

      To -Feargus O * Connor, Esq., M.P. _ Siu...

      TO -FEARGUS O * CONNOR , ESQ ., M . P . __ Siu—Seeing in the Star that you are about to visit Manchester and Todmorden on the loth and 10 th inst ., I write you to come and view my small farm of nearly two statute acres , situate in Sale , Cheshire , six miles from Manchester , on the Altvingham road , if you can make it convenient to do so when you are in Manchester . I will show you a young cow that has had only one calf , and which I expect to calve again in September next . She has already given me two hundredweight of butter , that is 22411 > s . ; _andjs giving near five quarts of milk at a meal now , morning and evening , that is near ten quarts a day . I should feel great delight in seeing you and showing you over my little

      larm . 1 am cultivating from your " Small Farm Work , " and have done so ever sinco I began . The people about here scoffed at me at first , on account of my following your farming system , but now they watch me like a cat watching a mouse , I havo such splendid crops . Receive , then , my grateful thanks for the valuable information I have received from your production . I never was accustomed to agriculture before—the lastbusinesslfollbwedwasdispensingdrugs . I would advise all who go on tho Land to persevere and be determined , or tliey had better far never go . Had I had the chance of having land from the Land Company , I should not have had the same difficulties to contend with that I have had . But neither the Purchase Department nor the Donus was thought of when I bought here .

      If you should favour mc with a visit I shall be g lad , and would go to Manchester on purpose to accompany you to my farm , it * you would condescend to drop a line to that effect to me , stating what time I must go to meet you , and where—at the Moscley , or elsewhere . I am , dear Sir , yours respectfully , _lticiiARD James Radford . Radford Farm , Sale Moor ! Cheshire , July 9 th .

      To Feargus O Connor, Esq., M.P. Mv* Dear...

      TO FEARGUS O CONNOR , ESQ ., M . P . Mv * Dear 0 'Cox * fon , — I hear from this day ' s Star , that you intend to give up the Land Plan , and your dear _* childrcn , that have fought with you through good and evil report and who love you with all their heart . Now , if you do so—but no , you cannot ; who is tu . lcad them on to liberty ? As for me , I have paid £ 5 4 s ; Sd . the share of four acres , and if Hose it all you shall have no frown or reproach from me . Rut will you not try the sons of Scotlandwhat thev can do by bonus in thc purchase of land ?

      You will find them hard-working men . If you wore to hear thoir lamentations at the loss of your services I am sure you would retract your promises . Go on , dear sir , and you will have the prayers ofall the working-men of Scotland . Tell them to bo sober , and lay up tlieir pence , . and you be tlieir unpaid bailiff , is the kind wish of an old Chartist , and will be so till life is no more , and long may you he spared to help tho needy , is the wish of John Can-vox . 15 , Adelphi-street , Glasgow , July 7 , 1849 .

      To I-Barcus 0 Connor, Esq., M.R. Honoure...

      TO _I-BARCUS 0 CONNOR , ESQ ., M . r . Honoured Sir . —I am in the most sorrowful mood I ever experienced in my life , by reading your letter in the Star of this week , showing the discontent of those allottees that have taken possession of Bromsgrove Estate : but , sir , I hope you will not-give up thc glorious Land Plan , which is a means to an end—tho only means whereby the working classes may expect emancipation from slavery . I have been a working Chartist now nearly ten years . I am also a payed-up shareholder in the Land Company , and have the greatest confidence in you , for had I ten thousand times ten thousand

      pounds you should have it all for the purpose of carrying out your noble Land ' Plan . Go ou , noble sir , thou champion of liberty , and father of the poor , securing real freedom for tho millions , and posterity will bless your memory . —I know , sir , thou hast given thy time , talent , and money , and spent the best days of your life in the advocacy of the cause of the working classes of this country , and all for what?—the scoffs and sneers of the wily , cunning , and selfish . But , sir , go on , a glorious future lies before you ; bright , shining , sparkling in the distance , the bright sun of liberty is now beaming through the thick cloud of misery to cheer and animate the world . —Dearest father , you may publish this-with my name .

      Yours in the cause of freedom , Carlton , July 7 , 1849 . Samueic Hudson

      To Feargus O'Connor Esq., M.P. ' Dear An...

      TO FEARGUS O ' CONNOR ESQ ., M . P . ' Dear and Honoubeb Patriot , — Permit me to address you individually , for this reason—I have not , I do not , and , I hope , never shall grumble ; and the reason why I so address , is because you , Sir , include us all , and I felt hurt , because I would not bo thought ungrateful , for I am sanguine ; I am averse to that , and all that I ever wanted was to bo placed upon my own resources . This , honoured Sir , you have already done , for which I hope never to repay you with ingratitude or slander . Permit

      me to state I found all as I expected , with the exception of the pumps . M y cottage has surpassed my expectation . With' diligence and labour my labourfield will beoome a paradise , and your promises , as contained in the Northern Star , lay me under new obligations . Whatever you find in this paragraph that is not right you must attribute to ignorance and not to presumption ; and I . hope , as this is the first letter I ever addressed to a gentleman of your order , you will receive it as a father , from yours , •¦ _-. ¦ ¦¦ ' Elizabeth Dewhirst . Bromsgrove , July 9 th , 1849 .

      To Feahous O'Connor , Esq, Jf.I', " •Lio...

      TO FEAHOUS O ' CONNOR , ESQ , Jf _. I ' , " lIo . vovRED Sir , —There are a portion of the allottees on this estate who ' feel grieved , nnd _unhappy

      To Feahous O'Connor , Esq, Jf.I', " •Lio...

      j at the conduct of tlie other portion of the - _aflotfdes I but who are bound in gratitude to state their satisuetioi * , and whose ' desire . is to work out tlieir emancipation . iy e believe those who have said most are « i variably the most fortunate , with , regard to pecuniary matters , and those that have said least , or nothing at all , aro the poorest-members ; and-we further beg to state our heartfelt gratitude for vow generous promises in tlie Northern ' -Star—namely * the pumps , the guano , and turnips ; said , most of ah-the length of time given before _-veri exact tho rent . * But , Sir , with regard to the Company being wound up ,- we , the- allottees , are decidedly against , it , ¦ because ; we know there are hwhilrcds , perhaps thousands , ; of the ' -poorer . members , whnl

      like ourselves ,-w ould be but too happy , to _kftvetiio _la'boiir market , . and who solely depend on -you-, -sir , ant ? -this plan . ; "Go ' on , brave and lioiiouV ' cii . patriot ; in spite of the " Whistler " , and . all' your foes , , awl you have many . But you have the majority . * - _*^ the v toiling millions with you and deporiding ori ' _- you ' .: ' * , ' Wo r ' smain , yours respectfully , on behalf •"• Of the Allottees , - ! *" - ; - - - _.-..- > . _IfATIIA-YIE _* -- _DE-THHtsr , J . C . B _** NT 0 >' , _IIasxah W _.- _} _ni > , _AnnWooii , . ' William _AchJ- _Wiuia-M Wai . KEB , " . f James Joii . \ so . v ,- BpiiEiir . West , _, John Monday , WiLUAj _^ MKAD-. _i-cony James _Finlkv , John _Woodk-v , ¦ ' ! _JoHjf _Cacoii . 1 , Jonx F . Topi * , Jou . v 3 lCtti ! Oi . r ., Semv '

      To Tbe Chartimb Of Timvnlted Kingdom.

      TO TBE CHARTimB OF _TiMVNlTED _KINGDOM .

      THE LATE CIIAltTLST * n 5 MLS . _ . _MACXAMABA V . ' . o ' _COX . VOE . Bear _Bothers in t _&& - cause v & _Tnvxit AND JusneB to All , —We , the _unfc-si gned , members ' . o £ the late Naiional Victim and Defence Committee , and witnesses ou th © , ] ate trial in tb _^ e _ceort , of Queen ' s- ; Be"nch ; between Macaamara _^' ' : ; _plaintiff , and Eeargus Q > Conner , Defendau *; in an _a-Aion to rosover £ 101 , for _defending Ernest Jones and 1 others of the Chartist leaders , do hereby make an eavnest appeal to-your love of justice and *

      fairplay ,, hoping you * will at once each arid all ¦ subscribe your mites , and send theni without delay to the Step office , to pay-off-this MU andeosts , given against Mr . O'Connoi- ) tut ¦ which really belongs to the Chartist people . Trusting you will at once respond , to this call , and not suffer for one " moment , the stigma' of ingratitude to Mr . 0 Gonnoiv . or the desertion of your cause , to restmp . on you , Dear Brothers , we remain your- follo » --worker _, ? in tho work o f _emancipating : t & e ¦ white slaves from the- fetters of Mammon ,. _Eoijert Side ,-. "William AsMft'an .

      Court Of Queen's Bencu.-Mondat,. Macnama...

      COURT OF QUEEN'S BENCU .-Mondat _,. MACNAMARA >* , o ' COSSOR , _XCP . Mr . Sergeant Allen and Mr . Bramwell . _appearei- i for the plaintiff ; and Mr . Sergeant Shoe and- Mr . Prentice for the defendant . This was an action on an attorney ' s bill , . the bill being that which was incurred in the _defence-ofthe Chartists on their trials at the Central Criminal Court . The plaintiff was an attorney . The defendant is Mr . _Feargus O'Connor , one of the memhers for the town of _Nottingham , and proprietor : oft the Northern Star . Tho bill had boon originally-. £ 3 i 6 17 s . 6 d ., but the plaintiff admitted ihat ho- had received payments to the amount of £ 215 ,.. and he brought the present action to recover the _roiiiaijider . The defendant _pleaded that Jic was- never

      indebted ; that the plaintm had not delivered , a . signed bill according to the terms of the statute ; and , lastly , that the bill had been paid . It . _appeared in evidence tliat Ernest Jones , Fussoll , and . others were in June , 1843 , committed to take their : trials for seditious practices * that on thc 9 th or- 10 th of that month the defendant visited them in JSewgate , when he learned from Mr . Cope , the governor ,, that several persons had called at tlie prison , . proposing to act as attorneys for the prisoners . In . tho- conversation that ensued , Mr . Cope asked who . was to act as their attorney , when the defendant , said that Mr . Macnamara was their " solicitor , ?' and no other , and that he was to conduct their _defenoo-. lie shortly afterwards said something of the samo hind to the llev . Mr . Davis , the ordinary , addinsr ,. when

      he alluded to the prisoners , that "ho ( the-defendant ) never left his children in the day of . ttsouble , and that they should all bo defended . " Sonic-letter--of the defendant were also put in ovidcnco ,. m one of which , addressed to the phiintiflj lie said , " In future I request you will transact your professional business vith me . " In another hc said ,. "Two counsel had been engaged for some [ of'these defendants ] , which is altogether needless . Iu futare you must consult me . " And , " No expenses must bo incurred without consulting me ; " and ,. "I shall only be answerable for what 1 approve of . ;* ' and in another , " You are young in the profession , this case , if well done , may be the making of you . I shall recognise no solicitor but you , ; and you must not engage counsel without my approval . ' * * There

      was also an address by tlie defendant . totlie Chartists , published in the Northern Star , in which . he said that a bill of .- £ 316 had been incurred iu defbadin _^ . tlie prisoners , and in the course of which ,, urging his readers to subscribe , he said , " Surely you will not allow all the expense to fall on myself , ! ' and " Yon ( the Chartists ) will take cave that ' . I . shalLiiot bo the SUftei'Ol ' . "' The defence was , th _; it .: i . ll : t _' i _** . t hail been done was chargeable not against the defendant , but against the Chartist Defence Committee _^ which had been got up in tiie early part of J . une ,. fov thc pur * pose of providing for the defence of tbe Chartist prisoners , and which was to conduct its-labours with subscriptions received irom tlie Chartist body . Several members of tho committee were called , arid thoy stated that thev , as _couiu-ittcc-incn , had

      retained the plaintiff ; that the _defendaiu had nothing to do with tho matter till the 2 : jrd of June , when he and the plaintiff attended a meeting of the committee at Osborne ' s Hotel , in the Ailelphi . Thc defendant , who wanted to know ho * . * - matters stood , had occasioned the meeting to assemble , and it then appeared that tliere werp £ 40 or £ y _$ ' m hand , which sum was laid on tlie table . Andthe defendant was then asked to assume the management of the _business , and , instead of the _committee , to engage the counsel . At that time the defendant , while conscnting to do what was thus _I'dpiBsted , said tliat he should have preferred employing . Mr . Roberts , who . was a ' man of experience . iu business , and had had the conducting of . _; thc Chartist . _trials on former ocr easions , instead of employing the present plaintiff ,

      who was young , and inc . \ pur _* enced ; but as the plaintiff ha _' d been retained , he . . of course , should not think , of making any alteration in the ii _* . r . t v _-ai ; . Tlio defendant then added , that though _undcrt-.-. kin 5 * the . management , hc would , "iot be answerable ibr the expenses , except so fa ; yas the funds collected would meet _them , as there were a number of prisoners to be tried in the country , and the London prisoners should not bo _allowed to swallow * * , up the whole of the siiuscriptious _. _r-they would only be _' . eii ; titled to their proportion . . Lord _Bexman ' , after stilting tho nntv _*** . * of the action and of the pleas ea , bho record , said that ti- ; question * was , whether _M- »\ O'Connor _had-conducled himself in such a manner , as to make the phi ' uipE

      believe-that he was realty responsible , raid to _uidiuee thc plaintiff to do _ths-work on . tho faith of his b ' _siag so . _M he had led _ti- (* . plaintiff to _belissve that , and the-work _had'booadQiip . on the faith ofthat belief , th ! " * fl the defendant , was answerable ,, but he might remark , that should , the plaintiff aot succeed he would not bo much . of a loser , as ia no bill _-jf _" " like amount had he-ever , seen the moi !? y out of ]* ocket form so _dispnopoi'tipnate an it tarn . A _pajs-i" had been read in whicli . was an ariiclc of ths- defendant ' s , and ccrtaii )) iy the expressions t "*> -jxs used were strong .. Among other _things he sl # , " You ( the Chartists ) _wiJi take care _ifcat 1 _shallot be the sufferer . " He coald not bo tb . e _sufferer i £ ho was not responsible ; but then tho _; -tjuestion . -s ; ai 5 , whether in another part ofthe _transition it- _di'djaot _. appear that what the defendant did-was dona _. oia behalf of the men who were really _responsible ,, !* - !! other words

      was the contract for ncti _*^ Jt employ v . e * _sift made by tho . defendant , or by other j _^ _s-sons , wi . _% the plaintiff . ' _** The learned judge woni _/ _through _^ - . a ' . evidence , _aa ' i left this as thegucstien _, to be _de-yd . _ac '* by the jury , . The jury retired to , _consider _thair verdict , 7 u : d after being absent fo .---three hci-3 . 75 ,. returned _-nt-ft-h . verdict for the _plaiiuiff fov _tho-ijili amount _daimed , £ 101 17 s . Cd . The-foreman ., said , the jury had had great difficult-, ' _ia-, coining tc- _^ _ai _v-ardict _, on . account of the plaintiff apt having * 5 « iQp « rly _ascertained who was his _eniploKQi * .. . _.-. "• ' The Daily Nev . % of _Monday , in a _paragraph relating to this trial , concludes as -fellows : —The psesence _ftS ' sc . considei _;* i . }) ie number _c-SQhanists collected together in oiingpot in the ccv » £ : i ; 6 of _Lt-rulnu created _vonsideraMe sensation , ;; iv « _t- the authorities were _co & sequentiy _ayluced to ad _^ fr precautionary measures , by distributing in the . , vicinity a number of tho detective police .

      The Minsns Or The Noisihr—Thc -Miners -U...

      The _MiNsns or the _NoisiHr—Thc -miners -usual delegate mooting was hold at Newcastle , on Saturday last , and was attended by an increased number of _derogates , and also by nearly oiic thousand _niembeils . Among the various resolutions agreed to , was jnc embodying an appeal to Mv , _> YyiV have the inspectors of imncs " _pvaCtlCSsl , was si-rned by the whole of the delegates intimation given that a petition _numerousl would follow .- The appointing ' of route , closed the pvocoedin ss . The meeting wil be held attl \ e sign of tho CJWth > _» OH tho 21 st inst , * " ¦

      .}, M.L'., To Inch. Which , And An Y S^-...

      . _} , M . l _' ., to INCH . Which , and an y s _^ _- _* Rd the ! ee"a * S & _g next deMP _CfXtk _^ Sw "' g P lis , M . l ' ., to L men . which _^^ _gi ; ates , and i _* _a" 00 ¦ ously _jj _& _$ < lx & g _icxt de _^^^^

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), July 14, 1849, page 1, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns3_14071849/page/1/