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tttf IT, 1845. THE NORTHERN STAR. 7
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jfbrtw Motemtnte
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-..Mid I *nBl war, at least in words, j ...
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TOUNG AMERICA!., oTO i£sis of the Americ...
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The Trial of the Asti-Renteus.—Since the...
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towMxtrnt antr mvtitultuvt
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FIELD-GAKDEN OPERATIONS. For the Week co...
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Ox the Maxciuxc axd Sieefisg op Seeds.— ...
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fianftnt-pte", &t»
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BANKRUPTS. (From Tuesday's Gosette, Mayx...
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MntM hxttllwtim
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Loxdox Coax Exchange, May 12.—Tiie arriv...
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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Tttf It, 1845. The Northern Star. 7
_tttf IT , 1845 . THE NORTHERN STAR . 7
Jfbrtw Motemtnte
jfbrtw _Motemtnte
-..Mid I *Nbl War, At Least In Words, J ...
-.. Mid I * nBl war , at least in words , j * _Vad—sho uld" my chance so happen—deeds ) , Wjih all who war with Thought l " _>¦ I dm * I hear a little bird , who sings Tfce people by and by -will * be the stronger . "—Br cos
Toung America!., Oto I£Sis Of The Americ...
TOUNG AMERICA ! ., i _£ sis of the Americas _Akteass . —Progress _nj ibe National Refobjiebs . —Asti-Resi "Was . i * - this week present our readers with the latest _r-oacte which have reached us of the the progress ' ftbc American Reformers in their glorious efforts ?! redeem the wealth-producers of the republic of _Litatcs from the . grinding _tyravmy of landlords _S cap italists . That excellent paper , the New York _tf-tflini-- * ' ** Advocate , from wluch we have so often _aiiotcd . commenced a new series onthe 29 th of March _Lj _ni ' ikr the title of " Young America . " It is to * y > ' _i . j America that we are indebted for the _iuforma-£ _, tt . ntained iu thc extracts given below . The working meu of New England- —the factory .- - Ci „ f the United States—have been holding a _.-ir _» . rfii « _g Men ' s _ConTention" at Lowell , for the AH _^ iticration and adoption of measures for the _proiH-uea of their labour . The following resolutions 4 Vtv _a-iooted by the Convention : —
Resolved— " That the present policy of thc State _jm reference to the labour of the convicts employed fie stile prisons , is unjust to the honest mechanic , _jBinriou-jto the State , degrading to labour , and hostile to ii -jnianity , and demands immediate revision or abolition . _** TiKi Government is instituted for thc common science ; ihat our present expensive law system-Joes ' _jssA promote the ends of good government , and _ijjoald be so altered and revised as to afford cheap , _pnfliH'i , aud efficient protection to att . " TLat in our State Legislature , as well as in _Con-» it & -, and in all departments of the Government , hbour should be represented as well as capital ; aud that the interest ofthe people of the States—those li the working men not excepted—are entitled to full _isd equal representation . _. tlic lands
* - * Thai die question of de freedomof public ¦ i mc _ithiclt deeplointcresU the _tnechauics of New Eng _ivj ; liiat theprtsent _monof-dy ofthe same in the hands _ff _n-ad-itvrs is at once opposed to national prosperity _iu-l natural right ; and thatthe freedom of tliese lands _pattitof settlers is a matter which demands and shall _ticutt _< _mr immediate and energetic co-operation . "Thatthe oppression and degradation of the prodmim : classes in Europe , caused by the accumulation oi capital in the hands of a few by the spirit of _t MMnereialmouo _^ lv , andtheMuen (« of-macIunei is favour of wealth " and in hostility to labour , pre snt a terrible example of the tendencies of modem _tfcietv io sink the masses into poverty and igno" nac _^ * and loudlv call upon every friend of numaiiity in our much-favoured land to aid in the discovery 3 rd adoption of measures which shall rescue tue jucrican labourer from tiie impending fate to which . ' . 1 J __ 1 - t _. £ _?— . Jl— -uiwirillM . 9 Hll TL 5 i ¦
_fje IS _cipooeu , ana wjucu mucv _jm-v _«»«««» - — - - _jitous action in defence of the inborn rights of man _jioae can avert . "That in view of the approaching evils which _( jjicatcn to involve ihe producing classes of Una _gantry in the serf-like dependence and misery fiiiih present so foul a blot on the fairest portion of jk old world , it is hereby earnestly recommended by j _& Convention to our brother working men throughtat tie land to establish an annual Congress , which -Jail have for its object to propose and adopt such _mosutes as shall be found necessary to secure the r > lits and interests of honest industry , and to hasten li accomplishment of the grand industrial revolu-Se . which is alike demanded by the nature of man , _atlwpts of humanity , and the laws of eternal truth u-Jiustice . " , \ Liter copvof Young America reports additional rrMilutions adopted by the Convention ; among othersthe following : —
, _ " That an _. _V-ridguient of the hours of labour is _i-sdisju-nsaKc to secure the moral , social , and physical _leti-bem _? of the j . _iudncing classes ; and all who opj « C this salutary measure exhibit a . gross and permous . ferog * . mi of the essential principles of justice , E « alitv , and religion . 'That this Convention recommend to the several _jw-t-iaiioiis at once to commence raising a fund , & mi the time when one or more associations , on catare deliberation , shall attempt the adoption of if Ten Horn- System , for the purpose of aiding such «•»&; _a-s w 4 suld . be prevented by pecuniary enibar
_aj-Eiciit . - Tbat on the morals and intelligence ofthe whole _ssple depend die perpetuity of our republican instiisams ; it is , ther efore , the duty and mterest of the Sale to secure to all children in the commumty an _aaaiiou that will fully develope their physical , ad , and inteDectual powers , and render every _issra of the commonwealth worthy and capable to aiaia tiie sacred duties of a freeman . ' ' -Tiiat this Convention recommend to the several _Jweiaiions to form such arrangements as shall seem jikm most efficient in carrying these -measures _McssniEv at the ballot box . "
Mv Rvckman , of Brook Farm , introduced thc folk _» m » resolution , which he sustained in an able _s-tfwb . ilkstrating the necessity of a prompt , _immeauir _. _arj thorough revolution in Industry , and the immiei ! of an Industrial Congress , analagous to hn whicli fostered the liberties of the American teililk . Ills remarks were most enthusiastically
: — - Resolved , —That this Convention reeouunend to & - Vcw _EngL-md Association to organise , as _-ffiflaj . ilyas possible , a permanent _Industrial Revoa & jajrv Government , upon tiie model of the _Conskauon of thc States in 1776 , which shall be _& _feei to direct the legal political action of the _"fisSug men so as to destroy the hostile relations _£ _s at present prevail between capital and labour , _»* _4 to secure to aft the citizens without exception a 3 and complete development of their faculties by likmgh education , phvsical , mental , and moral , ** _* the practical enjoyment of the only inherent and _"pfeible right of man—the _sigsx to iabopb . " " _$ 9 right to Laud . ] this
_^ 'efk-l the following artide commenting on wwemira in Ymm America : — " Tbe _CosventioV . —The _Working Men ' s Conrcnt _» Ki has been held . The friends from different _sectifflsof New England , embracing delegates from a taaba of Associations , hare met , deliberated , and _» ai _* i separated with a determination , we hope , to no _sasnass tbat shall tell for the good of humamtj 4 a shall make known the wants and necessities , _* ¦ - ' _¦' ast , but uot _least'" ) the kicbts of that class _'* : _<& nut onlv for their own support , but wao , _^ ihe present s-vstem of labour , are compelled to _-ps & der bv far the greatest part of tlieir carnmgs _f _fccee who are constantly striving to oppress and ' - _^ _a-k them . Among so many _persons , from so
_* _- ? J different localities , ditferences of opinion , and _siereia views in regard to the means to be used , ' -- •• ¦ I saiurallv li * supposed to exist . We believe , - _^ ir , ihere was nothins , worth mentioning , io _dis-•^ ilic iianuonv of the Convention . There seemed ' '•'•¦ U' « _-e _* -al and deep-seated belief in the minds s an * - resent , that we had talked , and _preached , f * _ifauoned *« . < iwih , —that weuow want action—- "V * - _^ _jieldijii . ' _, uetenuiiied action;—that wc want , f- _'auM _iiavefa closer union among ourselves—m - ?•"> . _ibi we must raise ourselves , or sink deeper and _"iri _-o-ffl thc _luii-cnf jiolitical and social _degradation
: _--i Jilo .. uent < . * liaiupionsof the cause were present - _aalrnad , and toutributcd much to the interest of * * -- " ' . ' _uavaitiuu . Hi * . Brisbane , one of thc Icadin-i _^ _'loiis of Eourkrists , on Tuesday evening , gave _'" -- ' -leloqueutaddii-iison subjects connected with •• -i' _-TOof thc _s-vial evils of the present day . . " Mike "Walsi _* ., who has been for some inuutte _^ _isaied in a _ioathsoine prison in the enlightened ' -- " . _' _. f Sew York , simply for telling too much truth l --i the rich and aristocratic oppressors of t :-e _fining poor , was also present , and was received in i ; r w ; hat showed that his labours were _properiy V 5 * _taaiea . He was listened to with marked
atteu-. _"Ma av short but interesting and acceptable _ad-?^ were made . Messrs . Wright of Boston ,
_;^ 'iF-ill Kivcr , Ripley , Allen and Rvckman of , _% * Vain , Cox and Robertson of Boston , and _^ _"" _¦ ""•• ae among the speakers . " ¦ r - "f _^ -extracts refer to the progress of the _Aa-^ . _^ _'iiiuei-s _, orx \ grarian party ; we take the S _* _% _anide from Young America of March '' Mi _MortMEsx P * Err . —The movement of the : T is
; : _^ 5 i ! i _5 ed world toward Repubueamsm . Ao * * ' - _'iaist endom is so dark that it does not obey ji . ; r _'!' _*» * ii . n- « Tative that it does not yield to it . _l ; - _* _7 _** ** Wkin _* ' the fetters from the serf , and _J > _? Hun , j _* £ bv s ] 0 w and toilsome progress , jiff * * - ? cnfraii * _-hisW her " Commons . " Probably hr _^ i " privileged and educated [ classes , of _* y ; _-j _& who -are not hopelessly wedded to the _& _£ _* •" - * ' _» "« me sense admit this movement to be in r _^ to an irresistible law ; and therefore , U _^ * _^ _quiescence , suffer themselves to be _- _^¦ _vanhvith the general tide . But this law tiie , _^ V ? its « _"l * oundcrs more or less authoritative ; ¦ _^^ _•^ Mt baTC its apostles . These have . " _¦ _uiinttfi .- , « , ; nn- Tintr from one
_atiteST _mumother ; patriotic , ardent , andself-Dj en _^ _- PtacLiug the doctrines of progress unto s _^ _Uri *!?* * _" _» -been fomed , _wngresseshave _yearS _/ tlci * lovers of their race . Of late _feU _^ S ?« _*« 8 _ini to take the name according _^ v " _'SV _"Yemig Poland , " _"YoungGcr-£ ' - _" ¦ ' . _* ' « _S ioa » g EnglSid . " These _societns , in tl ? _4 _S . ou * ao-1 tonstitute the extreme right of , _•^ _fS _^^^ l _' rogress . Thev _present nothing cii . _lfc . _^ _-avluske ; ( how could they ?) but _pnn-HiaoSl _^ world areyoung , now festemergdaa _^ J _^ gutofday . In different countries they _-SMi oiis _r _* _^ _t _^ _- _* ecinc measures , according to the _ftej _^^ Goveiiiments and the condition of ii _«* _V'W tending always to human _advaneesll I .-. ] " _" s country we already possess most or fon «« i 1 f ¦ i J of _ProS « ss for whicn tiie re-« - •! : - _» v j 0 _™ wor * d arc ra " t' chii _^ y contend--- ow Amtrin _^ then , must embody something
Toung America!., Oto I£Sis Of The Americ...
more tdt imate than they . In fhe next paper a more detailed statement of these societies throughout turope , their rise and objects , will be given , with extracts from then * constitutions , and other writings . " At the recent cityelectiou for Mavor , Aldermen , ic ., of New York , the National Reformers had several candidates in the field , one for the Mayorship . Of course they were defeated—We say oi ' course , " because as yet the principles of the party are but little known , and less understood ; but the coarse adopted of contesting every election , is the right way to make their principles known , and must result in victory some day or other . A victorv has , however , crowned the efforts of the Reformei * "in the state of Ohio . In Young America of April 19 th , we
find the following : — " Secosd _NxnosAL Reform Viciohv . —In a late number of this paper was an account of the First Political Victory of the _National Reformers , at Birmingham , Pa . I have now the veiy agreeable task of recorfing a second victory in Ohio , in favour ofthe popular movement . Thus , in two cases out of five , in which the principle of a Free Soil has been brought to the test of the ballot box , it has prevailed , and I have confidence that a similar success will attend futur e efforts where the Reform shall be put forxvard in the right way by the right men . The only places where National Reform Tickets have as yet been run are New York city ; Lynn , Mass . ; Pittsburgh and Birmingham , Pa ., and Bleudou Township , Franklin co ., Ohio . At the two last
named places the National Reformers have succeeded . The Ohio State Tribune , in anuomicing the triumph in _Blenilon Township , says , ' There were three tickets run in this township , Whig , Democrat , and National Reform . The National Reform ticket received 2 < 3 majority over boll * Democrat and Whig . '" In commenting on . tliis victory , and alluding to the contest inNew York , the Editor says : — " Our eountry friends must not expect too much of us in the cities . Our task is much harder than theirs , llere official _patronageis concentrated , and here every working man hasmsnosetoalandlord orcapitalist' sgrindstoue from ten to sixteen _hyurs out ofthe twenty-four , and a large portion of our population have been so trained to tliis that they have scarcely any conception of their
natural or political rights , or ofthe degradation and misery that is so fast coming upon them . I can see a vast deterioration in this respect between the present period and "ten years ago . What we expect to do here , and what our friends abroad may depend upon , is this : we will get the balance of power ; and then the very reason tliat now prevents politicians from looking at our measure ( the insatiate scramble for office ) will urge tliem to consider it ; and then , perchance , they may find that an independent freehold for themselves and each of their children , and a superior state of society , such as they had never _dreamedof , is better than a petty office which thev may be kicked out of at the end of the year . We of the Wens will do all that we ean , but it is the farmers that must do the most to cany the free land movement ; it is the fanners that will do it , when they understand that it will secure to each of their sons a farm on which no
speculator or schemer can get his grip , and when they reflect that under the present system the land is fast Ming into the hands of capitalists . Wherever there is a single National Reformer in a township , hc should set ap the Free Soil Standard , and make a begimiing , if only of a single rote , at the next election . Au the other reforms of all the reformers in the Union combined would not effect such mighty beneficial results as this one of restoring man ' s inalienable right to the soil ; therefore , no one who recognises the principle should ever again throw away a vote for any men who are not pledged tosupport it . We must begin to think of a President , too . We have men already in our ranks ( I do not mean in New York ) who are as well qualified lor that office , with perhaps two or three exceptions , as any who ever filled it . But this will be time enough after we have a much larger field to select from ; a time not far distant . "
Our next extracts relate to the Anti-Rent war The trial of Dr . Broughton , at Hudson , on a charge of robbing Sheriff Miller of rent-distress papers , commenced oa _ThuTSflay , tbe 20 til of March . The person _who-twkthesheriff _" spaperswas "BigThuuder , ' an Indian chief , and the prosecutor endeavoured to show that Dr . Broughton was " Big Thunder . " _Ibuno America , of April 5 th , states that the jury had disagreed , eight being for acquittal , and four for conviction . We have heard Irom another source that Dr . Broughton has been absolutely acquitted—thc truth of this report we have no doubt of , though we have no positive proof of it . Young America , of April 5 th , has the following : —
Axu-Rexi War . —The Anti-Rent war has broken out afresh . Delaware and "Ulster counties are filled with * Indians' up in arms . Men , it seems , are determined not to be vassals . " The same paper of April 19 th , contains the following listof " Akti-Rexi _Traturiis . —In the town of Duanesburgh , Schenectady county , the entire Anti-Rent ticket is elected , without regard to old party distinctions . " In Berne , the old parties have miraculously disappeared , and the clean Anti-Rent ticket went in without opposition . " In Knox township ditto . " In Snndlake the opposition did not get SO votes out of 700 . " In Bethlehem , the Anti-Rent ticket was elected with the exception of four names , by majorities of 44 to 85 .
" In New Scotland , the entire Anti-Rent ticket was ' put through' without trouble . " In Guilderland all the elect profess to be Anti-Renters . " In Westerloo the whole Anti-Rent ticket was elected by a majority _^ of 400 over the Whig and Democratic Hunkers combined . " The Anti-Renters expect toelcet representatives from several counties in the Fall . " The Soil—Wno owxs rr?—The Anti-Rent war in western New York is still _goiii" on . The fact is , people are beginning to enquire whether God or man has decreed that the earth shall be the property of the few , while the many shall have no resting place for their foot . Thc supremacy of capital over labour is beginning to be felt seriously in this country . —Lowell Vox Popxxli .
Exgiaxd axd _Asieuica—The Wak Questio . v—We find the following in roun < 7 America of April 19 th , a capital way of " settling" the Oregon question : — " Some ofthe English papers are loud in condemnation of that portion of the President ' s Message relating to Oregon . The London Times says that England will never give up Oregon without a war . If she sends troops to Oregon , the plan would be to give the soldiers 160 acres of land apiece , and send the officers back again for more . " They are talking in the British Parliament about rclici'm _* - * the agricultural labourers : that is something . When they begin to talk about righting them ,
by restoring tneir land , that will be sometmng more . But if we once set the example , they must do something more than talk about it , and that soon . " Here we must close our extracts . Success to the American Reformers I May their exertions to restore the land to those to whom it alone belongs , the entire —the sovereign people , be imitated throughout Europe : and may the only war between England and America be the war of generous rivalry m promoting the principles of Equality and Justice : or , if tliere ever again shall be war , may it be a war , not of the industrious millions against each other , but a war of the millions against the land-robbers and _labournh-nderci-s of both countries!—the only enemies of ftritain and America .
The Trial Of The Asti-Renteus.—Since The...
The Trial of the _Asti-Renteus . —Since the ibove article was in type , wc have received numbers , one , two , and three ofthe Anti-Renters' newly established organ , the Albany Freeholder . Foi * American papers , the Freeholder is a noble-loofeing sheet , worthy to be compared with the most aristocratic of the New York journals . Of course we speak of its appearance ; in its contents , it is infinitely superior to the entire ofthe American press , with a few—too few exceptions . Tiie editor is Mr . Deyyr , formerly of Xcwcastle-on-Tyne . His motto sufficiently explains lus principles : — «• The man of wealth and pride Takes up a space tliat many poor supplied . Space for liis lake , his park extended bounds : Space for his horses , equipage and hounds . The robe that wraps his limbs in silken sloth Has robbed the _ueishb ' ring fields of half tlieir srowth . " _GotDSMiTtr .
Next week we shall try to find room for a few extracts from the Freeholder ; at present we must confine ourselves to thc following _connect statement ofthe close of the trial of the Anti-Renters : — " The jury retired under the charge of the judge at half-past teii on Saturday night . On Sunday morning , at eleven o ' clock , having been out upwards of twelve hours , thev announced to the court that they had not agreed oii a verdict , and that there was no likelihood that they ever wonld agree . —The court thereou desired to know what course the respective counsel liad to suggest . They referred the matter entirely to the discretion of thc Court , and thereon Judge Parker discharged the jury . "We understand that four of the jury werc for conviction , and eight for acquittal . at the next
"The prisoners were remanded for trial regular term ofthe Court , which will be onthe fast Monday in September next . We hear that applications to hail out the prisoners have , hitherto , been unsacccssful . But certainlv , the " authorities wih not be . Vandalsenough to keep these unfortunate men in prison during the long , tedious months of _summer . We are not yet prepared to believe that _^ swindlers , thieves , and ainiinals , of almost every kind , will be permitted to go at large , frequently on straw bail , whilst men who have been guilty of no crime ( a fact estaUishca by two-thirds of thejury ) _--sT _^ _tekept immured for long months before they are again brought to a trial that evervbody now knows will result in theiracquittal . —The prisonershavearightto demand immediate trial , or their liberty on bail . This is then right—if American freedom be not a mere mockery and delusion . "
Send over your Albany Freeholder , Mr . Devtr , in exchange for the Northern Star , and we will take care that the workicsot England and Scotland shall know the real truth of _tvho the Anti-Renters are , and what they want . It shall be no fault of ours if thc wealth-producers of both countries do not know each other better than they have hitherto done . Hurrah , for a free soil ! Hurrah , for the people ' s right to the land—wherever the land is , wherever the people ave .
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Field-Gakden Operations. For The Week Co...
FIELD-GAKDEN OPERATIONS . For the Week commencing Monday , May 20 th , 1844 . [ Extracted from a Diary of Actual Operations on ave _s-ftiallfarmson the estates of Mrs . Davies Gilbert , near Eastbourne , in Sussex ; and on several model farms on the estates of thc Earl of Dartmouth at Slaithwaite , in Yorkshire , published by Mr . Nowell , of Farnley Tyas , near Huddersfield , in order to guide other possessors of field gardens , by showing them what labours ought to be undertaken on their own lauds . The farms selected as models are—First . Two school farms at _Willinsdou aud Eastdean . of
live acres each , conducted by G . Cruttenden and John Harris . Second . Two private farms , of five or six acres * . one worked by Jesse Piper , the other bv John Dumbrell—tiie former at Eastdean , the latter at Jevington—all of them within a few miles of Eastbourne . Third . An industrial school farm at Slaithwaite . Fourth . Several private model farms near the sameplace . _Thecoiisecutiveopei _** ition 8 inthesoreport will enable the curious reader to compare thc climate and agricultural value of the south with thc north of England . The Diam * is aided by "Notesand Observations " from the pen of Mi * . Nowell , calculated for thc time and season , which we subjoin .
" Let us ever remember that , in all our attempts to improve society , we ought to direct our efforts to the young and unsophisticated . By giving them sound mental aud physical training , we may correct the errors and subdue the prejudices of their elders . "—Axioxx . Note . —The school fanxis arc cultivated by boys , wh » in return for three hours' teaching in the morning give three hours of their labour in the afternoon for the _mastcx- ' s benefit , which renders the schools _sevfsorpoRiixo . We believe that at Fanxly Tyas six sevenths of the produce of the school farm will be assigned to the boys , and one-seveiuh to the master , who will receive tiie usual school fees , help the boys to cultivate their land , and teach them , in addition to reading , writing , & c , to convert their _-nroduce into bacon , by attendixig to i _> ig-keeping , which at Christmas may be divided , after payixxg rent and levy , amongst them in proportion to their services , and bemade thus indirectly to reach their parents in a Way the most grateful to their feelings . ]
SUSSEX . _WlosoAY—WiUingdon School . Boys digging , and manuring for swede turnips . Eastdean School . Boys digging , and sowing turnips , chopping clods , gathering weeds and stones . Piper . Hoeing between potatoe rows . DumbreU . Digging . Tuesdat—WiUingdon School . Boys digging , aud manuring for swede turnips . Eastdean School Boys digging , and sowing turnips , hoeing forward potatoes and tares , gathering weeds , and weeding parsnips . Piper . Hoeing between potatoe rows . DumbreU . Digging . Wedxesdat—WiUingdon School . Boys pulling thistles from the wheat . Eastdean School . Boys cleaning the piggery , and pouring tank liquid from it along tho drills of mangel wurzel and carrots . Piper . Hoeing onions , but not veiy deep ; they love aclayeybutrichsoil . Duxxxhrell . Digging , wheeling out manure and spreading .
Thursdat— WiUingdon School . Boys hoeing wheat Eastdean School . Boys digging , and sowing lucerne , watering it , turning dung and mould , hoeing potatoes , preserving the weeds . Piper . Keeping his liis hoe at work continually . Dumbrell . Gathering and burning rubbish for the ashes , sowing turnips . _FitwAY—WiUingdon School . Boys and self' hoeing wheat . Eastdean School . Boys digging , chopping clods , sowing turnips , rolling and watering . Pi p er . Setting potatoes , and damping the rows , put in a little tank liquid , and covered up . Dumbrell . Digging , drilling tares . Satcbdat— WiUingdon School . Boys emptying tanks , and cleaning up for Whitsuntide . Eastdean School Boys emptying tanks and portable pails , rolling tares , hoeing potatoes , cleaning school . Piper . ifoeing jDOtatoes . Dumbrell . Gathering and burning rubbish , the ashes to manure his turnips with .
TOBKSHIBE . Slaithwaite Tenants . James Bamford , sowing swede turnips , planting potatoes , preparing ground for tares . John Bamford , earthing cabbages , & c . COW-FEEniNG . WiUingdon School . Cows stall-fed on tares . Piper ' s . Cows are stall-fed with tares and lucerne , and doing well . Dumbrell's . Two cows grazed in the pasture , and stall-fed morn and even with Italian rye grass . Heifer stall-fed with potatoes and rye .
NOTES AND OBSERVATIONS . Auxiliaries io Farm Yard Manure . — [ " Before we choose manure for plants , we ought to inquire what substances are required by them . "—Liebig . l—Experience would seem to suggest that natural or domestic guano , as well as the other hand tillages in general , should be used in aid of , rather than as substitutes for manure . The turnip may not be like the Italian rye grass plant , so greedy as to eat up nearly all and every kind of plant food it can find , to the starvation of neighbouring plants , fetching out ofthe ground as it does so many of the inorganic matters that arc required for the support of animals . It has , however , a rather large and delicate appetite ; is fond of variety , aud sends forth its long attenuate roots a
great distance , to pick aud cull the best of everything . We must pamper it a little , then , by giving it every variety of food ; and amongst the rest , not omit to supply it with bone ash , or earthy part of bones : for if not provided with it , how can the plant furnish any , to be afterwards worked up into the bones of animals for whose food it is intended . The natural guano , containing a limited quantity of phosphate of lime or bone ash , must yield , I tliink , in this respect , the palm to thc domestic guano ; for during the manufacture thc latter may be fed to almost any extent with thc bone gruel solution and chamber-lye . Speaking then from some experience , I may safely recommend this to be your first medicine for turnips , and to be applied in conjunction with dung that has been completelv saturated with tank liquid .
IX AID OF FARM TARD MAKURE . Application No . 1 . —Domestic Guano . —The dose before described containing one bushel of bones , will suffice for half an acre ; but wood-ash charcoal , instead of coal ashes , would be better in fabricating the domestic guano for this purpose . No . 2 . —Native Guano . —Mix 2 ewt . of finely pounded guano with eighteen bushels of wood-ash charcoal , or if you have none , with half a ton of coal ashes , or mould . Place the manure iu thc drills , scatter the mixture upon it by hand , _closa in thc drills , aud sow in the usual manner .
No . 3 . —Bone Dust . —Drill under the seed 4 ewt . to the acre , after the manure is placed iu the drills . No 4 . —Rape Dust . —Drill near the seed , not in contact , about six bushels per acre , after the manure is placed within the drills . No . o . —Artifiiial Mixture—For onc acre , take eypsuin 1 ewt ., sulphate of ammonia 301 bs ., nitrate of soda 201 bs ., mix well together , and scatter the mixture upon the manure when placed in the drills . In _applying thc above substances , estimate their cost , and reduce thc usual quantity of farm yard manure in proportion . Consider , before applying them , which may be requisite , and choose one or other , according to previous manuvings ; for instance , if boning may have been ample in preceding years , rape dust mav be preferable , and vice versa , & c .
Tcrxip Seed . —That which is new comes soonest , therefore it may be well to imitate Mr . _Tull , by mixing new seed with old , so that the plants coining at different times may chance to escape the fly .
Ox The Maxciuxc Axd Sieefisg Op Seeds.— ...
Ox the Maxciuxc axd Sieefisg op Seeds . — Professor Johnston says , in an article with this heading , in a number of the Highland Society ' s Journal of Agtieulturc— " Public attention has lately been drawn to the possibility of so manuring or otherwise doctoring the seeds of our usual grain crops before they are put into the ground , as to do away with the necessity of manuring thc soil itself . It has been long known to practical farmers that , by steeping their seeds in urine , in salt and water , or in other solutions , and sprinkling tliem wliile wet with
qnieklimc , theu-growth is in many cases promoted , and the rust , smut , and similar diseases , in a great degree prevented , lt has been observed also in regard to potatoes , that in some soils a dusting of lime makes the cuttings more productive than they would otherwise be , and that , when powdered with gypsum , they thrive still better . The absolute effect , indeed , of all such applications , to thc seed-corn or to potatoes , will in cveiy case be modified by the kind of soil in which the seed is sown . Ifthe soil abound in common salt , _thesaltingofthcsecd willbclcssefficacious , while , which if it be rich in lime or in gypsum , the dusting ofthe potatoes with these substances will produce a loss striking effect . Yet the above observations of practical men show that it is possible in certain circumstances , and by the use of certain substances ,
so to doctor or manure the seed wc intend to s ow , as to make the growth of our crops more sure , and the return of our harvests more abundant . From this limited conclusion , which is justified by experience , some persons have hastily leaped to the _genex-al assertion , that all seeds mag be so doctored as , in all circumstances , to grow more luxuriantly ; and still further , that they may be so treated as to render unnecessary any manuring ofthe soil in which they are to & e _souiii . Itis in Germany that this latter broad assertion has been most confidently made and most pertinaciously repeated . It has met with some credence also among ourselves , from persons chiefly who , like the German fathers of the statement , know a little more than the generality of practical men , but who do not know enough to enable them to
Ox The Maxciuxc Axd Sieefisg Op Seeds.— ...
see the difficulties that _baset their own views , nor the limits within which their statements are true . " One ol the tor-man writers on this subject whom Professor Jolmstonquotes-a Mr . Vietor , an apothecary-thus lays down tneprinci pleon which hc prefers manuring thc seed , to manuring the soil : — "The manure can never bo so equally distributed through thc soil that the diio proportion of food shall be given to each seed or plant ; and , besides , before the plant comes to require it , much ofthe organic matter of tho manure has become decomposed and lost ; and even the inorganic matter is liable to assume forms of combination in which _iitcan with difficulty be made available to tne nourishment of the crowing nlant . " These disadvantages , he says , may be avoided bv _manuring
the seeds tnemseives ; while , at the same time , the following advantages will attend thc adoption of this method : — " 1 * . The same crop may be repeated on the same soil , though already exhausted , or even in any unusually unfruitful soil . 2 " . Wc can manure the seeds with those special substances only which it is not likely to find in the soil , or of which it has been exhausted by previous crops . 3 . As the rotation of crops is rendered necessary chiefly by the abstraction of saline subs tances from the soil , it may be rendered unnecessary by adding again tliese substances , 111 such a way as to be within the reach ofthe seeds only . 4 " . The rust and other diseases of corn plants arc owing either to an excess or to a deficiency of food in the soil . These extremes can be
best avoided by manuring tho seed itself with the proper materials , and in the proper degree . "—The substances Victor employs in manuring his seeds before they are sown , ave as follows ;— " 1 " . Blood in the liquid slate is mixed with otic-eightieth of its weight of Glauber salts , dissolved in a litile water ; when thus mixed it may be kept for a long time , in a cool place , _withoutcongealiTig or undergoing decomposition : or clotted blood may be dried either alone , or mixed with a little larth ov powdered clay , and then reduced to fine powder . 2 ° . Wool , hair , parings of leather , horns , hoofs , and bones , are charred in close vessels , until they are capable ofbeing reduced to powder . 3 " . The dung of all animals is dried and reduced to powder . 4 ° . Fats and oils of all kinds are
mixed with so much earth , clay , or rye-meal as will enable the whole to be reduced to powder . Oil-cakes are also powdered for use . "—In using these , lie makes up a semi-fluid mixture , with which he mixes the seed , and then he dries up the whole by the addition of powdered manures which he has ready prepared . His semi-fluid mixture is thus prepared : —For a bushel of wheat or other grain , take 20 to 30 lbs . of clay in fine powder . \ \ lb . of pounded sal-ammoniac , or 3 lbs . of common salt . 3 to 5 quarts of whale , rape , or other cheap oil . 15 to 20 quarts of fresh blood , or blood kept in a fluid state by means of Glauber salts , or , in the absence of blood , as much water . 3 to 5 lbs , of linseed meal '" or pounded oil-cake . Tliese are intimately mixed together , and water added , if
necessary , to make a half-fluid mess . The seed is then to be poured in and stirred about till every seed is completely enveloped by the mixture . A layer ofa dry mixture , composed of powdered clay , horn shavings , aud bone dust , or clay and powdered dung , fee ; , is then spread on the floor , over it tl \© seed , and then another layer of dry powder . The whole is then stirred together , and left to dry , —Much caution is to be used in completing the operation so quickly that the grain may not be permitted to sprout . Professor Johnston remarks , in reference to Victor ' s views , — "There is a show of reason in what he states : for though we may fairly doubt , or perhaps entirely disbelieve , that the quantity of manure with which he envelopes his seeds can he sufficient to snpplv the
wants oftho crop that is to spring from them , yet there can scarcely be a more economical way of employing thc same quantity of manure—one in whieh there will be less waste of it , or in wliich it will be more useful to the growing plant . In every way of applying manure to the soil which has hitherto been adopted , a large portion never reaches the roots of the plants . Even when drilled in along with or near the seeds , a notable quantity escapes from the neighbourhood of the roots , and is more or less completely lost to the crop it is intended to feed . Such must obviously be the case to a very much smaller extent where it is in contact with the seed itis to nourish , and actually envelopes it . Still it is doubtful whether the gain or saving
effected by this method will be equal to the cost oi time and labour wliich it involves . Should such a mode of manuring be found easily practicable , more skilful mixtures than those of Victor—such as would be more certain to succeed , and such as would be fitted specially to aid the growth of this 01 * that kind of crop—could easily be suggested . The fact that saline manures are beneficial , in many eases , to the growing crop , when merely applied to the soil , is in favour of steeping the seeds in saline solutions . The salts , it is true , when applied to the soil , enter the plant by its roots ; but , nevertheless , their action is simply to yield saline matter to the plant in a larger quantity than it could otherwise readily obtain it from the soil . This additional supply might at once be given toit , to a certain extent , by steeping theseed itself . "
At the Highland Society's late show at Dundee , the most extraordinary exhibition , amongst the seeds , roots , plants , Ac , was that of Mr . James Campbell , of the Dundee Public Seminaries . It consisted of magnificent plants of oats and barley , grown from seed which had undergone a certain chemical preparation , and without the aid of any manure whatever . Since thc show , Mr . Campbell lias placed the particulars of his process in the hands ofthe Society , for the benefit of agriculturists generally , and , to further his good intentions , the Society has published his own explanation , which we now lay before our r eaders : — " Much has of late been said ana written on the subject of extraneous and other manures , and a great _' many nostrums have been puffed off
and applied with various success . Many composts have been formed , whose tendency is to yield abundant crops on certain soils ; but it must still " be confessed , that no manure or other application of much permanency of effect , or approaching to anything like universal aptitude to soil , has yet been produced : and , in all circumstances , the expense of manures is still very great . Thc discovery , therefore , of a process by wliich the cereal and other gramineous seeds might be obtained in _extraordinary abundance , without the use of manures , is certainly a great desideratum . Now , this desideratum , however strange it may appear , I have good ground for concluding I have attained . It is no w a considerable time since I began to imagine , that ifthe ultimate principles of whicli
the proximate constituents of most of the gramineous seeds are composed , could , by any possibility , be made so to enter the substance ofthe seed , and at the same time not to injure its vitality , as thoroughly to imbue its texture with an excess of these principles , the end would be accomplished ; and it is by doing this to a certain extent , that I am convinced I have succeeded . I steeped the seeds of the various specimens exhibited at the Highland Society's show in sulphate , nitrate , and muriate of ammonia in nitrate of soda and potass , and in combinations of these , and in all cases the results were highly favourable , For example , seeds of wheat steeped in sul p hate of ammonia on the 5 th July , had , by the 10 th of August , the last dav of the show , tillered into nine , ten , and eleven
steins of nearly equal vigour , while seeds oftho same sample , _uxiprepax-cd _, and sown at the same time , in the same soil , had not tillered into more than two , three , and four stems . I prepared the various mixtures froin the abovespecifted salts exactly neutralised , and then added from eight to twelve measures of water . Thc time of steeping varied from 50 to 94 hours , at a temperature of about 60 ° Fahrenheit . I found , however , that barley docs not succeed so well if steeped beyond CO hours . Rye-grass , and other gramineous seeds , do with steeping from 10 to 20 horn's , and clovers from 8 to 10 , but not more ; for , being bi-lobate , they ave apt to swell too much and burst . The very superior specimen of tall oatsaveraging 160 grains on each stem , and eight avail ,
able stems from eacli seed , were prepared from sulphate of ammonia . The specimens of barley and bear were prepared from nitrate of ammonia ; thc former had an average of ten available stems , awl eaeh stem an average of 34 grains in the ear ; and the latter an average also often available stems , with 12 grains in the ear . The other specimens of oats whicli were next the most prolific , wore from muriate of ammonia , and the promiscuous specimens of oats were from nitrates ofsoda and potass—strong , numerous in stems ( some having not less than 52 ) , and not so tall as either thc preparationsfrom the sulphate ormuriatcof ammonia . It was objected by some that the tallest oats werc too
rank , and would break down before coming to seed ; but I have no fear of that , as they werc strong in proportion to the height ; and should there even be any ground for the objection , I am confident that a combination of sulphates of ammonia and soda , or potass , would rectify the excess of height , and render the grain equally productive . From thc experiments which 1 have already ( September , 1843 , ) tried , I am quite satisfied that even without the application of common manures , double crops , at least , may thus be raised ; and under the application of the ordinary manures , crops tenfold greater than usual . The various salts were prepared by me from their carbonates .
Fianftnt-Pte", &T»
_fianftnt-pte" , _& t »
Bankrupts. (From Tuesday's Gosette, Mayx...
BANKRUPTS . ( From Tuesday ' s _Gosette , Mayxi . _J John Furnival , Kettering , Northamptonshire , corndenler-Thomas Seager _, Haniuiersinith , _luather-cuttcr—Jolm \ Wkev Ellis , Lawrence-lane , Cheapside , warehouseman —John Brain , Winchester-place , rcntonvitle , copper-plate dealer-Mark Shirley , Southam , Warwickshire , organ-builder-William Htmi'v Webb , _Stratfordupon Avon , wharfinger-John Brookes , _"BucMee , Kidderminster , n _orcestershire _, mercer-Joseph Young Betts _, Cardiff , giwer-Hunry JIalpas _, Hath , victualler-John Simpson , , laleutire , Comberhmd _, ship-owner— William Davies , Liverpool , mill-seller .
OECL \ tt > . _TlOHS OF DIVIDENDS . G , and S . Potter and J . Krauss , Manchester , calicoprinters , first dividend of 2 s Cd in the pound , Wednesday , Jlny 21 . any subsequent Wednesday , at the office ot " Mr . Pott , Manchester . X . Cartwright , Heaton Son-is , banker , first dividend of 6 _^ in the po und , any Weduesdav , at the office of Mr . Pott , Manchester .
Bankrupts. (From Tuesday's Gosette, Mayx...
6 . Sharp , Liverpool , grocer , dividend of 2 s 6 d in tiie pound , any Wednesday , at the office of Mv . "Morgan , Liverpool . 11 . Williams , Newborough , Anglesea , shop-keeper , dividend of 8 _Jd in the pound , any Wednesday , at the office of Air . Morgan , Liverpool . B . B . and B , G , Owen , Pall-mall , tailors , first dividend of 8 s in the pound , Wednesday , May H , and two following Wednesdays , at the oflice of Jfr . Turquand , Old Jewrv , Cit v . J . Ayling _, Leeds , cabinet-maker , first dividend of 8 s in the pound , Wednesday , Jfay M _, and two following Wednesdays , at the office of Mr . _Tun-juand , Old Jewry , City .
DIVIDENDS . June 6 , T . G . James , _IUvev-stveet , Myddleton-square , builder—June li , J . Hopkins and 3 . Drewett , Arundel , bankers—June G , S . Cox , _Brunswick-strect _, Stamfordstreet , horse-dealer—June 8 . K . Slade , sen ., Poole , merchant-June 8 , W . Attwater , _Devonshire-street , Queensquare , dyer—June 6 , E . Dollman , Clmrdi . court , _Clenient ' s-latie , merchant—June 4 , J . G . Todinnn , Gray ' s-innlane , licensed victualler—June C _, P . £ . Blythe , Colchester , porter merchant—June 6 , W . Chandler , Mnories , chemist —June 6 , 15 . M . Herbert , " _Kividiii ' , ' _' , _fea-dMler—June (> , 11 . Bliiiulen _, Alton , Hampshire , plumber—June 5 , M . Oxborrow , Stockport , pawnbroker—June a , J . Peters , Godstone , Surrey , innkeeper—June 0 , G . "Woolcott , _Di-owulow-mew- _* _, Gray ' s-inn-lane , builder—June 4 , 3 . II . llaruyinan , Lovelane , Eastcheap , merchant—June 4 , D . W . Acraman , Bristol , merchant—June 9 , G . 1 ) . Thomas , Wem , Shropshire , grocer-June G , J . Storey and i , Gibb , Liverpool , ship chandlers—June _** _, C , and A ., and J . Potts , Monkwearmouth Shore , Durham , ship-builders—June 1 , W . Hall , Durham , grocer—June 4 , H . Spencer , -Newcastle-upon-Tyne , scrivener—June 4 , A . and F . Atkinson , Newcastleupon-Tyne , colour-manufacturers .
Certificates to be granted , unless cause be shown to thc contrary on the day of meeting' . June 3 , lt . Cann , Woolwich , bootmaker—June 5 , C . S , Sweeny , Chester-place , Hyde Park square , apothecary—June 5 , S . llurd , _llochester , dealer in _ditna—JuiicS , II , and W . lumber , Water-lane , City , wine-merchants—June 5 , T . Clegg , Deptford , coal-merchant—June 5 , E . Bumpstead , Ilalesworth , Suffolk , grocer—June 4 , J . G . Todiuan , Gray ' s-inn-lanc , licensed-victualler—June 4 , G . Barron , Davies-street , Berkeley-square , builder—June 6 , J . Chris ** , Great Tower-street , City , wincbroker—June 0 , L . J . li . and L . O . B , Vaudeau , _Wood-strcet , Ciieapside , dealers in artificial flowers —June 5 , D . Morton , Lower Thamesstreet , fishmonger-June 5 , A . Itadelitl ' e , sen ., and A . Itadclift ' e _, jun ., lleruiitage-place , St , _Jolm-street-road , patent glaziers' diamond manufacturers-June 3 , G . Pliutolt _* , Plymouth , bookseller—June-1 , G . Dickinson , South I _'
ortiuaiiuicws , Portman-square , farrier —June 6 , A . Green , Brighton , apothecary—June C _, A . V . _FuUjames , Bath , auctioneer-June 3 , W . Hall , Claypath , Durham , grocer-June 3 , A . and i \ Atkinson , _Kewcastle-upon Tyne , _colourniaiiufacturers-JimeS _, C . Watson , jun ., Darlington , Durham , tea-dealer—June 4 , T . Davison , Stockton-upon-Tees , grocer—June 13 , W . II . Lagoe , Atherstone , Warwickshire , victualler—June fi , J . Harley , Wolverhampton , Staftbrdshire , plumber—June 3 , J . Wilson , Jevrayn-stveet , St . James ' s , bootmaker—June 3 , T . Smith , sen ., Jliuto-street , Bermondsey , wool-manufacturer—June 3 , P . J . PapiHon , Leeds , wine-merchant—June S , W . Benbow , Liverpool , merchant—Junes , L . Da-vis , Ewhurst , Susses , wine-agent —Juue 3 , M . Atkinson , Temple Sowerby , Westmoreland , banker—June 3 , T . . Metcher , Southampton , plumber-June 3 , W . Knight , Manchester , oil-cloth-inanufacturer —June 3 , J , North , Map ' s-row , Stepney-green , licensedvictualler .
_PABTKERSnirS DISSOLVED . T , Chapman and J . Dean , Liverpool , _hoop-benders—C , Whitworth and J . Lightbrown , Blackburn , Lancashire , cheesemongers—C . Webb and R . Hancock , Bath , _brushmttkers—G . S . Wortliington and G . Vince , Lancaster , _wflie-mei-chants—G . and G . N . Strawbridge , Bristol , masons—W . Binns and G . Pilkington , Salford , Lancashire , linendrapers—M . and E , Hallum , Stockport , Cheshire , cottou-caudle-wick-manvrfacturers—J . B . Moens , T ., and W . W . IUtchie , City , commission merchants ; as far as regards J . B . Moens—J . C . Taylor , II . Humphry's , and J . Hurst , Manchester , linen-merchants .
Ad00716
2 s . 9 d ., 4 s . « d ., and lis . each box ; or , post free , 38 ., 5 s ., and 12 s . ¦ COPAIBA AND CUBEBS ENTIRELY SUPERSEDED . WRAY'S BALSAMIC PILLS , a certain , safe , and the most speedy remedy ever discovered for the permanent and effectual cure of strictures , seminal weakness , pains in the loins , affections of the kidneys , gravel , rheumatism , lumbago , gonorrhoea , gleets , local debility , irritation of the bladder or urethra , and other diseases of the urinary passages . The unprecedented success that has attended the administration of tliese pills , since tliejwerc made public , has acquired for them a sale more extensive than any other proprietary medicine extant , and the circumstance of their entirely obviating thc necessity of liaving recourse to those disgusting , nauseous , and in many cases highly injurious medicines ( as copaiba , cubebs , & c ) , has obtained for them a reputation unequalled in the annals of medicine . Prior to being advertised , tliese pills were employed in private practice in upsvards of 1 , 800 cases , many of them most inveterate—in many thousand cases since , and in no one instance known to fail , or to produce those unpleasant symptoms so often experienced while taking copaitm , and that class of medicines usually resorted to in these complaints . The proprietor pledges himself that not onc particle of copaiba , either resin or balsam , cubebs , or any deleterious ingredient , enters their composition . Copaiba and cubebs have long been the most commonly employed medicines in the above complaints ; but , from the uncertainty in their effects , together with their utter incflicacy in many cases , are fast declining in reputation ; and , from the unpleasant symptoms invariably produced from taking copaiba , especially iu the early stage of the complaint , many of the most able modern practitioners condemn it as dangerous , and a medicine not to bo depended upon . Many persons , after having suffered more from the effects of the remedy than the virulence of the disease , and , after a patient but painful perseverance , have been compelled to relinquish its use , the whole system having become more or less affected , and the disease as bad , if not worse , than at thc commencement . As regards cubebs , ft is true that those violent effects are not experienced as while taking copaiba , but they seldom effect a- cure , unless more active medicines are administered . The Balsamic Pills are free from any of the above objections ; they act specifieally on the urinary passages : and , from ' theii * tonic properties , tend to strengthen the system and improve the general health . They require neither confinement nor alteration of diet ( except abstinence from stimulants , where considerable inflammation exists ) , and , as experience has amply proved , thoy will effect a cure sooner than copaiba ( the dangerous results of which , in the inflammatory stages , are too well known to need comment ) , or any other medicine in present use , and may be justly considered the only safe and efficacious remedy in all stages of those disorders . In addition to these advantages , the very convenient form iu wliich this invaluable preparation is offered to the public , must also a desideratum . Prepared only by M . 0 . Wray , and sold , wholesale aud retail , at 118 , Holborn-hill ; and at the West-end Depot , 344 , Strand , London . May also be liad of all respectable medicine venders in town and country . Patients ia the remotest parts of the country can be treated successfully , on describing minutely their case , and inclosing a remittance for medicine , whicli can be forwarded to any part of the world , securely packed , and carefully protected from observation , _, i . i - - ¦ i - ' —~— --- ——— - ~~———— _~——
Mntm Hxttllwtim
MntM _hxttllwtim
Loxdox Coax Exchange, May 12.—Tiie Arriv...
Loxdox Coax _Exchange , May 12 . —Tiie arrivals of wheat coastwise were very liberal during the past week , but those of barley and oats from our own coast were small ; of the latter grain , however , the receipts from Scotland and Ireland were good . Of English beans and peas the arrivals were very moderate , but of flour and malt more than a usual weekly quantity came forward . From abroad a few cargoes ot wheat , a large supply of barley , and several thousand quarters of oats were received . At to-day ' s market the show of wheat by land-carriage samples from the near counties was moderate , and there was less barley offering than might have been expected , considering the extent of the arrivals ; of oats there was a good display , but of beans and peas few wore
son of the year , and vegetation is generally backward . Thc demand for wheat was slow to-day , except for choice qualities , and even the best sorts were not dearer than on Monday last , whilst all other descriptions moved off tardily at the rates then current . The transactions iu free foreign wheat were on a restricted scale , still lower terms were not accepted . Thc recently received Rostock cargoes were mostly held at 52 s . " to 53 s . per qr ,, duty paid , —prices which the millers did not seem much disposed to pay . Flour hung heavily on hand , without being actually cheaper . Barley , whether of home or foreign growth , was
extremely difficult ot disposal ; m some cases low rates were taken for foreign—say 25 s . duty paid for Danish , weighing 521 b . per bushel . Quotations of English barley remained nominally unaltered . Malt was nearly unsaleable , though offered at rather reduced rates . Oats , notwithstanding the somewhat liberal arrival , were held very firmly , and the business done was at the currency of this day se'nnight . Beans were held ls . per qr , higher , which checked the enquiry . Peas were saleable at fully previous prices . ( Janarysccd maintained its former value , and though the enquiry for other sorts of seeds was slow , quotations underwent little or no variation .
CURRENT PRICES OF GRAIN , PER IMPERIAL QUARTER . —Brim 8 s s a Wheat , Essex , & Kent , uew & old red 42 48 White 49 51 Norfolk and Lincoln . ... do 43 47 Ditto 48 SO Northum . and Scotch white 42 47 Fiue _« S 52 -Irish red old 0 0 Red 42 44 White 48 48 Rye Old 30 31 xScw 2 S 30 Brank 33 35 Barley Grinding .. 25 26 Distil . 27 29 Malt . 30 S 3 Malt Brown 53 55 Pale 55 59 _Ware 61 62 Beans Ticks old & new 33 30 Harrow 34 38 Pigeon J _9 42 Peas Grey 35 36 Maple 37 88 nlute in 39 Oats Lineolns k YovksWve _i ' eed 21 23 Poland 24 25 Scotch Angus 22 24 Potato 2 o 23 I rish White 20 23 Black 21 ) 21 Per 280 lb . net . s s | Per 2801 b . net . s s Town-made Flour . . . 42 441 Xwfolk & Stockton 32 33 Essex and Kent .... 34 35 | Irish 3-4 3 j Free . Bond
Foreign . » » » ., Wheat , Dantsie , Konigsburg , A * e 5- ' 5 u _^ 3 Marks , Mecklenburg ••••••• • * g « ft g Danish , Holstein , and _Pnesland red 42 45 20 23 Uussian , Hard 44 46 Soft . - - 4 * f 26 28 Italian , Bed . . 46 48 White ... »« 28 32 _Snnmeli Hard , 45 46 Soft .... 48 50 is Si Barlev S nV 24 26 _Malti „ . . 29 32 18 25 _Brans' Ttata . 38 35 _Egyptian . 33 34 26 SO S s ' White .. 36 38 Maple .. 36 37 28 30 Oats' Butch , Brew and Thick 24 26 19 21 _ZT _Bussiinfeed , 2122 15 16 . Danish , Friesland feed 21 23 15 17 Flour , per barrel 24 26 10 20
Loxdox Coax Exchange, May 12.—Tiie Arriv...
Lomio . v SjurriFiKin Cattle Mamcet , _Mosuat Mat 12 . —Thc late almost unprecedented advance considering the comparatively short period during which we have had to trace the improved demand for flic description of stock hero alluded to , wliich lias taken place in the value of sheep in this market , has , as might be imagined , produced numerous inquiries as to the probability of the present quotations being supported for any length of time . As this is a matter of such vital importance to graziers and others , especially at a moment like this , when the transactions in store animals arc becoming extensive , wc shall here lay before our readers a few fsicfc * connected with the cattle trade as it now is , and which may prove interesting , and serve as a guide to present and
future operations in this and other markets . Assertions have , we find , gained currency to the effect that the quantity of stock in England , sheep in particular , is smaller than has been known for a scries of years past . "We are quite ready to admit that in some districts ( arising Irom many of the floekmasters being compelled to dispose of _flicir supplies at a much earlier part of thc season than usual , in consequence ofthe want of fodder—thc result of last year ' s protracted drought ) such is positively the case ; yet we see no reason to justify tlio statements lately published , that thc arrivals of sheep hither during the next three or four months will be exceedingly limited . So far as we have been enabled to lenro , the greatest deficiency appears to be iu the northern districts , to
which large numbers ot sheep have been lately sent from Norfolk _. jSuflblk , ifcc . Should , however , the numbers of that stock shown here prove even seasonably large during the present year , we conceive it is placed beyond a doubt they will be light weighers from the fact before stated . However we are of opinion that—though , on account , perhaps , of over abundant supplies , the present extreme ratcsmay not be maintained during the next three weeks or a month—prices will prove norc remunerative than was the case last year . Still much remains in the hands of the graziers themselves , for it must be evident that by sending us large numbers of any kind oflive stock , a fall iu value will be a _nccr-sary couscquchco . As an illustration of these rcnv . i _>« wc mav refer to last
_Friday ' s trade . On that liay the _nuiuiwrs of sheep and lambs were nearly 12 , 000—far above average ones—while , to effect a clearance , the _salernoi were compelled to submit to a reduction of quite 2 d per Sib in tho quotations . As respects the _sl . iu'jhtcrcd condition ofthe sheep , wc may observe that it certainly exceeds our previously-formed expectation * , yet we think the future supply of rough fat will be smaller than usual . There is one ciraunstance connected with this market demandingsome attentionwe mean the transmission of stock per railway for it . It has frequently happened that the trains on some of tho lines arrive in the metropolis too late for the day's trade ; hence very great losses are thus incurred by the graziets . When wc observe that nearly a moiety ofthe boasts and sheep now sold here are received per railway , all will agree with us that it has become
indispensably necessary that they should come to hand as advertised by the various companies . In the Dast week , three steamers , viz ., the Giraffe , Columbme , and Batavicr , have arrived iu the port of London , from Rotterdam , with live stock for this market . The number of beasts thus received has amounted to 125 head , in , generally speaking , good condition . At the outports , about DO oxen and cows have been received from Holland . The above imports , added to those previously advised , form the following totals for the present year— . _,, . . ' _-, O'ceii ami Cows . Sheep . London , ' HOG 000 Liverpool o __ Hull 184 — Southampton — 3
Totals MO 90 S The number of foreign beasts here to-day was 40 , the whole of which found buyers , at prices varying from - £ 18 to £ 19 each . From onr own districts the bullock droves fresh up this morning were but moderate , and , for the most part , only of middling quality . The attendance of buyers being tolerably numerous , the beef trade was steady , though not to say brisk , and last week ' s quotations -were supported in every instance ; the primest Scots producing 4 s to 4 s 2 d per 8 lb . Both the beasts and sheep were again suffering from the epidemic , though instances of Josses on thc roads have not been so numerous as wc have be * fore had occasion to notice . From Norfolk , Suffolk , Essex , and Cambridgeshire , we received 1600 Scots .
homebreds , and shorthorns ; while from the northern districts we received 150 shorthorns ; from the western and midland counties 390 Herefords , runts , Devons , & c . ; from other parts of England 300 of various breeds , and from Scotland 400 horned and polled Scots . With sheep we were scantily supplied for the time of year , hence the mutton trade was steady at fully last Friday ' s currencies , and a clearance was effected without difficulty . From the Isle of Wight , 200 lambs came to hand per railway ; from other ; parts receipts were scanty ; yet the lamb trade was exceedingly dull , at a decline on last week ' s quotations of from 4 d to 6 d per 81 b . Calves , the supply of wliich was moderate , sold heavily on somewhat easier terms . The pork trade was rather inactive , yet the prices ruled about stationary .
By the quantities of 81 b ., sinking the offal . s . d . _s , d Inferior coarse beasts ... 2830 Second quality .... 3 2 3 6 Prime large oxen .... 3 8 3 10 Prime Scots , & e . .... 4 0 4 2 Coarse inferior sheep ... 3 4 3 10 Second quality . . . , 4 Q 4 2 Prime coarse woollcd ... 4 2 4 6 Prime Southdown . , , 4 8 4 10 lambs 4 10 5 10 large coarse calves , ... 3 6 4 2 Prime small 4 4 4 8 Suckling calves , each , , , 18 0 SO' 0 Large hogs 3 0 3 0 Neat small porkers . , , 3 8 4 0 Quarter-old store pigs , each . , ¦ 16 0 20 o
HEAD OF CATTLE OU SAtE . ( From the Books of the Clerk ofthe Market . ) Beasts , 2 , 705-Sheep and Lambs , 20 , 620—Calves , 72—Pigs , 315 . Liverpool Con ** Mmikei , Mosbai , Mat 12 . — From our own coast or from Ireland , we have had only a moderate supply of grain , meal , or flour this week ; but from the Baltic we have the first arrivals , in several cargoes of wheat , from Rostock , Stettin , and Wismar . The only alteration in the duties is an advance of Is . per quarter on barley . Thc general demandfor wheat since Tuesday has still been limited ; but we have been able to move several parcels ofthe lower qualities of Irish to Manchester at 6 s . toOs . Id .
per 70 _fbs ., whicli is a new feature in that direction . The value of other descriptions has been pretty well maintained , without , however , any activity of business . The sale of sack flour has been steady at the reduced quotations . We have continued to experience a steady country demand for oats at fully late rates ; 3 s . per 45 lbs . has been easily obtained for choice samples of Irish mealing , and 2 s . lid . to 2 s . Hid . for second quality . Oatmeal has also been in fair request , 24 s . lid , to 24 s . Mi . being realised for good Irish manufacture . No change as regards barley , beans , or peas . Ivuhe bonded market , thc principal business has been in Egyptian beans , at 26 s . per imperial quarter , cost , freight , and insurance , to arrive , and 26 s . Cd . per quarter in store here .
_iiiVKKPOOi _. Cattlk Market , _Moxoav , May 12 . — There is no alteration to quote in the supply or quality of stock at market to-day from that of ' last week . Beef , _o-H . to Gld , ; mutton , 7 d . to 7 _" Hl . per lb . Cattle imported into Liverpool , from the " ith to the 12 th of April . —Cows , 1 S 30 ; calves , 1 ( 1 ; sheep , 302 ( 3 ; lambs , SCO ; pigs , S 491 ; hmscs , S ' J . Maxcuester Con . v _Maiikkt , Sati * _iidav , Mav 10 . —The weather during the week has been . " -bowery aud cold for the season of thc year , easterly winds having for the most part prevailed . The flour trade fbr the same period has varied littlo , if any , from the tone of our previous advices , prime fresh
manufactured descriptions _having continued to meet a moderate consumptive demand without material alteration in value * , whilst parcels that have been long in warehouse could only be moved oil' by accepting com- : paratively low offers . A steady inquiry was expe- > rienccd for both oats and oatmeal , at fully former ; \ rates . At our market this morning but few trans- actions occurred in any description of wheat , and we r repeat the quotations of this day week . In flour no i change cither in price or demand was apparent . 1 Both oats and oatmeal wero in steady request , and n fully supported the currency of this day se ' nnight . < Beans met a moderate sale , at previous rates .
_Riciiiio . _Ni ) Con . v _Maiikbt , May 10 . —V c only had u a thin supply of grain in our market to-day . Wheat a sold from 5 s . 6 d . to Gs . Od . ; oats , 2 s . 4 d . to 3 s . ; bar- ti ley , 3 s . Ud . to is . ; beans , Is . 3 d . to 4 s . _0 d . per bushel , e York Cons I \ Iauk . kt , May 10 . —We have a thiu ii attendance of farmers to-day . Fresh threshed wheat _: i is in better demand , at last week ' s prices . Barlev ic dull sale ; oats and beans as before . Malto . y Conx Market , Mav 10 . —We have a fair " a supply of wheat and barley , but moderate of oats , it offering to this day ' s market . Wheat and barley _•]< same as last week ; oats a trifle lower Wheat , red " , ei 44 s to 48 s ; white ditto , 48 s to 52 s per qr . of 40 st . s Barley , 27 s to 31 s per 32 st . Oats , lid to Hid per pi stone _.
Leeds Con * , * Market , 'Iuesday , May 13 . —Our 0 \ supplies of wheat , barley , and beans , this week are a moderate ; of oats we have more offering than for . f sonic weeks past . Ih the value of wheat , to-day , la there is no material change , but the demand is con- co fined almost entirely to thc best fresh qualities ; all ; : stale chambered descriptions arc very dull and rather til lower . Thc weather continues cold for the season , is ( and the inquiry for barley is , in consequence , kept up it at full prices . Oats and beans do not go off freely at sly last week ' s rates .
Leeds Cloth Trade . —During the past week th « k demand for woollen goods has been limited , thoughtoi trade may still be considered good , asmostoftlW clothiers in this neighbourhood are pretty fully _emiy ployed malting goods to order . Wool stiU continueitii high , and an advance rather than a diminution utio price is anticipated at the present sales in London , _doi
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), May 17, 1845, page 7, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns3_17051845/page/7/
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