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20 THE ENGLISH PEOPLE.
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My Well-beloved Fjuexds , ^VUen I was ex...
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DUBLIN NATIONAL CONFERENCE. (From the Du...
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COURT OF QUEEN'S BENCB. -FunuT. MACSAMAJ...
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for some weeks Lpper """ d d rl0US wOU ,...
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AND NATIONAL TRMs' JOTTiMM,. *. ¦ - ¦ •_...
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NARRATIVE EELATING TO MR. O'CONNOR.
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. <StjiUli0t intdUgince.
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MANciiESTEf(.-.On Sunday evening last Mr...
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TO TIIE DEMOCRATIC PUBLIC OF GREAT MITAi...
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FUND FOR TIIE WIDOWS AND CIIILDllEI* OF ...
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n i % i
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, Is.; Mrs. Corre^Rdefiftoi , Mk /KW^d )...
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Transcript
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
Additionally, when viewing full transcripts, extracted text may not be in the same order as the original document.
20 The English People.
20 THE ENGLISH PEOPLE .
My Well-Beloved Fjuexds , ^Vuen I Was Ex...
My Well-beloved Fjuexds , _^ VUen I was exiled from my native land , you adopted me ; and for now seventeen years I bave received kindness , _aflcetion , and gratitude from your order , and to su ' nu amount that you may rest assured , th vherever I may Le , or whatever may he n . \ te , I will never forget you , nor desert you . I told you in last week ' s "Star , " that I wonld make you jump for joy this week ; and I wiU , if you long for freedom , and thc means of _accomplishing it , as much as T do .
Know , then , that when you read this , I shall he on my way to the " Green Isle "there to assist in cementing a union hetween the people of England aud belaud , which neither despot , oppression , persecution , class , nor villain , shall destroy . 1 have received the wannest and most pressing invitations to he present at the forthcoming Conference , and I am also going to attend the Irish Universal Suffrage Association meeting , on Sunday next , the 18 th . And yon may rest assured , that neither excitement nor enthusiasm shall lead me to the commission of a single
indiscreet act , for , as I have told you many a time and oft , I would rather be a drummer in the . arniy of Progress than the Commander-in-Chief of a retrogade or stand-still movement . M y heloved friends , had it not heen for the suspension of the Habeas Corpus Act , and from thc conviction that _ClahexdO"n , the Gaoler-general of Ireland , would have put it in full force against me , I would have visited tax country when her defenders were perse--cuted , and you may rest assured that I will no « protect myself against thc harpy fangs of ¦ what is termed the law .
M y beloved Mends , I look upon this fraternisation between the people of both countries , as the solid foundation of such a union as tyranny cannot destroy , or subtlet y impede . At to _^ _Wkm _^ m _^ L _^ mffia _^ rerfffidtratf _-sent to me by my countrymen , iu 1817 i aud yon , who understand my tactics , know that I -always "bide my time _;' * and now , thanks be to Almi ghty God , the time is come . In this week ' s "Star ' you will read the narrative of my Father ' s trials , sufferings , and persecutions , extracted from " Cobbett s Re-Sister '" of 1810 , with that writer's graphic comment upon it ; and in next week ' s "Star " vou shall hare a faithful narrative of all that
transpires in FATHEK-LA" \ I >; and , upon my _ret'irn you shall hear all ; till when , Believe me , Tour ever Fond , Faithful , and Uncompromising Friend , Feargus _O'Coxxor .
"TO FEAEGUS _O'CONNOK , ESQ . " Respected Sir , " We , your _fellow-counbymen and citizens of Dublin , having learned through thc public Press , and heard through other channels , of tho great and lasting benefits which , you are conferring upon the working people of England , whose cause you have _espoused and advocated through good report
and through evil report , and for whom you have suffered long imprisonment and great I 053 of property , most respectfully istiie you to return—even for a short time—to your satire country , to hold public meetings there , and to develope those political principles and plans for the redemption ofthe working classes of your own countrymen , which have been so eminently successful in England .
" Sir , it is almost needless to state—for the whole world knows it—that after forty-seven years of suffering and struggling for liberty , our condition is twenty-fold worse now than ¦ when we commenced . Disfranchised , turned out of our holdings , sent adrift upon the world , forced for years past to live upon _lumber potatoes , which the very pigs reject when they can get a better sort ; our numbers diminished by some three or four millions , instead of having increased like the inhabitants of every other country ; and now , after all our persecution , we are deserted by those in whom
we confided so long ; left at the mercy of every "tyrant— 'of every reckless political charlatan —who look upon us as tilings to be used up for their interests . "We are left without rudder -or compass , or even a single plank to keep us from sinking—to rise no more . Under these _circumstances , which are but a mere outline of our abject condition , we hope and trust that you will accept of this our hearty invitation . " Best assured , S _" ir , that you—and such of your Eng lish friend' s as may chance to _accompany yoii>—shall receive from us a cordial wel-¦ come—a cead miUefalte . "Dublin , March 2 / th , 18 : 17 . "
Dublin National Conference. (From The Du...
DUBLIN NATIONAL CONFERENCE . ( From the Dullm Freeman , of Nov . _H 18 i 9 . ) llr Patrick O'Higgins has handed to the Secretaries ' this communication from Feargus O'Connor , _Esn "MP Fort "Robert , county Cork , member of the Financial and Parliamentary Reform Association of England :- " I felt the Irish blood begin to _Jowia m veins , and my heartbecame inspired with tone when I read your determination to regenerate our common eonntiy by the moral , forcible , and m-Tincible developement of the Irish mind . Incre is not a sentiment expressed by those who have undertaken to orig inate Ireland ' s regeneration in which I do not heartily agree , while you may rely upon it that Ireland will remain a beggar at
lin--feun ' s door , and the laughing stocK ot the whole world , so long as she is « _WgJj ° _^ Saxon parliament by government took , lickspittles and p atronage hunters , who would cheerfully sell their countrv for a mess of pottage , and to associate with whom , as an English representative , makes me tremble for the fete of unhappy Ireland . To carry oat this movement you musttwve the sinewsof war ; and having spent thousands and tens of thousands in the creation and direction of the English mind _wittl _ttevfe * of serving the industrious of both _Entries n _. v subscription to aid you in the good _^ whether _aimual monthly , or weekly , shall _fe _^ huge as that of any other contributor and as punctually paid . "
Court Of Queen's Bencb. -Funut. Macsamaj...
COURT OF QUEEN'S BENCB . _-FunuT . MACSAMAJU V . FEARGUS o " COX _> 'OK . This was an action to recover the balance of an _attomev ' s MIL The plaintiff had been employed to . conduct the defence of Jones _Fussell , Sharp , and Williams , who , in the month of June , 1843 -were tried at the Central Criminal Court , upon a charge _Sedition The plaintiff bad been paid a considerable suui on _accost , and brought the present actmn to recover the balance . At the trat , which took _nhcTIt Guildhall , before Lord penman , _?? iJ £ & £ after last term , the plaintiff
_obtained a verdict for £ 10117 _s . 0 _o . ; out at Srcommencement of this term a motion was madeTv the defendant for a new trial on the < mmnd that the verdict was against the _fjidence , _fndaiso upon matters contained in certain _affida davits which were read . _Thequestion at thetml _turn-J upon whether the _plvntiS undertook the _SnerTdefence on the defendant ' s retainer , _orTpon _' the retainerof the " Chartist Defence _Coin-^' Justice Coleridge now said , he had communicated with Lord Denman onthe subject , who was _S _^ n _that at _thetriala strong case had been
made bv each side ; and thoug h hei _^ ru _ _™« would not have drawn the same _cof Ia « on which the jury didfromtl K-ewdei . ee , he was not Prepared _tnsav that they were wrong . As to the nutter to say 1 u . 11 _ujy „ _ffi . _i „ vits they were not of sum-™ , U . _tlimfore , I * no role m tins case .
For Some Weeks Lpper """ D D Rl0us Wou ,...
for some weeks Lpper _""" d rl 0 US wOU _" iood have been - . £ J- £ _f _^ f oat 9 offences have been _rire . _^ u p of Talued _at _^ the property of _Mr jo _ft fa aidrobhed _h'mofaoout £ 4 . Heis , ir werf . juries , in a prec arious 1 state _TJWta _^ other nearly twenty cases _<* _* ecp ato _Ujg _^ licei ) fficer , « P . _*? : _*? . _Jn _. » then two guns were fired at the
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And National Trms' Jottimm,. *. ¦ - ¦ •_...
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Narrative Eelating To Mr. O'Connor.
_NARRATIVE EELATING TO MR . O ' CONNOR .
( From "Cobbett ' s _Weekly Political Register" of May 12 ih , 1310 . ) The public will not have forgotten that at the time when the forcible entry was made at Sir Francis Eurdett _' s house , at the time _whence army was called forth to execute the warrant of the Honourable Bouse—at the time when the soldiers , in pursuance of this object , entered Sir Francis ' s dwelling—forced this true Englishman ' s castle , aud with muskets loaded , bayonets , fixed , swords drawn , and
the match at the touch-hole of the cannon , succeeded in forcing him to a prison ; at that time Mr . Roger O'Connor was in Sir Francis ' s house . The public—or at least that part of the public who have been , for the last fifteen years in thebahit of attending to political matters—know that about thirteen years ago Mr . Arthur O'Connor , a younger brother of Mr . O'Connor , was charged with treasonable designs ; and after some vain attempts at producing a legal conviction of him , the government of Ireland entered into
a treaty with him , agreeing to drop all proceedings against certain of his friends , and to ggj ; _s _^ stop to the _jvorks of the _araxagainst the ' pedple—to whom _^ e _' _^ w _^ s'lcnown "to' be attached—upon condition of his giving them whatever information he mi ght possess relative to the views and resources of the people in insurrection ; and upon the further condition of his emigrating to any country not at war with England . Iu consequence of this treaty Mr . Arthur O'Connor emigrated , and is at this time understood to he the conductor of a
_cclebratedpnntcalled the "Argus , published at Paris in the English language—a print which it is supposed , and perhaps trul y , has done , andisdoing—agreat deal of injury to this country . When the peculators and _boroughmongers , and their abettors , are hard pushed , when they are driven into a corner , when they have no defence to offer , and when even their arts of shuffling and lying , and false swearing and canting fail them—when thus hemmed up they have ( as the attentive observer must well know ) always recourse to charges against those from whose powers of detection and exposure they meet with annoyance . These public robbers , like private
robbers—and indeed like real criminals of every sort and description , always , instead of thinking about their own defence , think about nothing but of the manner in which they shall attack the motives , or the character , or both of their accusers . They do not say " the charges preferred against us are false ; " they dare not say "the things alleged against ns are not crimes . ' But unable to deny either the criminality of the deeds , or that those deeds have been done by them , they say nothing at all about the charges against themselves , but fall to the preferring of charges against their accusers ; charges , too , which have nothing iu common with , which have no sort of connexion
with , the charges preferred against them , aud which they do not attempt to repel only because they cannot repel them . In default of truth they never scruple to resort to falsehood , in these their charges ; hut their more common way is to make up that sort of mixture of both , which when applied to a purpose like that here spoken of , is called misrepresentation , and which is perhaps the basest of all possible modes ef hostility . To this mode of attack the boroughmongers and their hirelings had recourse upon the occasion of Sir Francis ' s committment to the Tower . They saw him in prison—they saw that physical force had
prevailed over him . This tbey would have hked well—this would have delighted them—this would have nattered their guilty souls with a promise of cessation , at least of those deadl y hostilities which Sir Francis , at the head of the people of England and ofthe whole kingdom , was "waging againt them . But they saw , to their inexpressible mortification—they saw , at the same time , that the soldiers had been called out—they saw that horse , foot , and artillery had been marched to London—they saw that it required an army—ay , a larger army titan I believe we have now in Spain and Portugal —to take the unarmed Sir Francis to that
p rison to which a rote of the honourable House had doomed him ; they saw that it required THE CO-OPERATION OF THE ARMY to enforce the Orders ofthe honourable House against the avowed and well-known enemy of injustice , cruelty , corruption , and public robbery . AU this the boroughmongers and their hirelings saw—all this they knew rig ht well the nation aud the world would see too—they were fully aware of the effects of such notorious and striking facts ; they knew well , they felt , they were taught by instinct , that in minds even the least cultivated and
accustomed to reasoning , the ri ght , the true , the inevitable , and to them the dangerous conclusion , must be drawn from those facts , —and , in due time be acted upon , —unless the public could by some extraordinary effort bo instantly misled by falsehood , or intimidated by alarm . ' Accordingl y , soon after the Piccadill y exhibition had been crowned with success , the boroughmongering crew set to work in their vehicles of falsehood . First , they would fain have persuaded the world , that it was nothing but " a contemptible rabble" who opposed the imprisonment of Sir Francis ; but then there was the army , there were the cannont planted in the streets and squares , there were
the armed boats brought up the Thames and stationed opposite the honourable House . There was no getting rid of these facts ; and unless they could be gotten rid of , it wa 3 , the boroug _hmongera saw , in vain to attempt to cheat the world into a belief tbat the friends of Sir Francis were " a contemptible rabble . The next fetch was to accuse the friends of Sir Francis with violent and murderous actions ; with grin" off pistols in thc streets at the army , and with having formed a design to block up the ends of streets and tumble down the bricks and tiles upon the heads ofthe army . If this haa been true it would have afforded nothing in support of thc assertion _, of the friends of Sir Francis being a "
contemptible rabble , " but it was notoriously _talse ; ana we have now pretty good proof of the falsehood , in the failure of the offer of £ 500 to bring forth any evidence of a transgression of the law having been committed by the people , while it has been proved , upon the oaths of two juries , that some ofthe Life Guards did commit wilfulmurder upon two , at least , of the people . There is no getting over this . Soldiers arc sent to aid in executing an order of the _" representatives of the people , " and in this execution tho said soldiers commit murder upon the , peopit , while it has not in any case been proved that the people thoug h some of thero were murdered by the soldiers , committed any act of violence upon the soldiers . What then were the boroughmongers and _auwu . _19 . ' _-tumrt . tn thfl r old
eXby whom this exposure had been produced . For tiiis purpose the accident of Mr . O'Connor ' s being in the house of Sir Francis at the time of is being broken open , was eagerly seized on , particularly by one writer , who , in his conduct upon this occasion , _SdSv _^ a _degreeofinali _^ _iyandofcow _^ Sv to be met with even in the crew to which he _nclongs , and never to be found in any other description of " men . The baseness of this man s attack upon 3 Ii O'Connor is truly unspeakable . % o words _«? _ndnVnWicetoit . It was not merely a wanton Srty in the case , and it was not only attacking him n _^ iwd crimes of his brother since fie left the for the al _^ iX _^ ile he was in it . In addition SSs Iheri She reflection that the assailant was favoured by a nmg _pop _^ r j > rc > dk « existing
Narrative Eelating To Mr. O'Connor.
in England against the very n ame of O'Connor ; and thc assailant , however deficient in point of understanding and talent , had cunnina enough to perceive that this prejudice would in some degree , at any rate , work for him and his abominable cause . There was , however , something so detestably unjust in the attack that very few persons were influenced by it . Detestation was the feeling tbat it generally excited ; yet I could not satisfv myself that I bad done my duty without bringing the caso of Mr . O Connor fully before the English public ; and , therefore , for the purpose of doing which I begged him to furnish me with a narrative ot what had passed in respect to accusations against linn by the government—which narrative , indeed ,
I was the more anxious to possess , from having heard tbat liberal-minded , kind and honest man , Dr . Lawrence , say , that never was treatment more unworthy than that which this very gentlemen had received , and concerning which treatment the doctor sent me some papers during thc administration of Mr . Fox and Lord Grenville . This circumstance naturally gave a spur to the other motives , which led me to desire to possess Mr . O'Connor ' s narrative , which having obtained , I here present it to my readers in Aw own words . Upon reading this narrative , where is the just man WllO Will not join mc in execrating the recent attempt to excite , to renew a suspicion of his character and his motives ? Well may he set out with observing that thc people of
England know worse than nothing of Ireland . But this is not strange . "Divide and oppress" is an old maxim ; and it would be strange indeed if this maxim were forgotten by the boroughmongers and . their hirelings .. Ilence , the never ceasing calumnies upon the Irish people . Who , upon observing the manner in which Mr . O'Connor has been spoken of since the affiiir of Piccadill y , would not imagine that he was a low desperate adventurer , or at least a man living upon Sir Francis—a sort of hireling patriot—in short , a man almost as despicable as if he were a tool—a gulper of false oaths under a boroughmongcr—almost as despicable as if he were a journeyman in the work of corruption . Yet is Mr . O'Connor a gentlemen of ancient family and of independent fortune , having his possessions in lands , being one of the owners ot his native country , and
having , of course , all the motives tbat a man can possibly have for preventing that country from being robbed—for preventing property from being taken from the miners , of whatever description the robbers may be , or under whatever name they may approach . With this preface J shrill submit the narrative to my readers , beseeching them to reflect that Irishmen arc not only men as well as themselves , that they have not only feelings as well as Englishmen , but that Englishmen possess no rights to tbe c-n joymentof which Irishmen are not fully entitled , and that to deny this proposition is to declare open war against the people of Ireland , and fully to justify every act that they have , or may , commit in hostility to England ; a denial , therefore , which no one but a traitor to his king and country will ever attempt to make .
MR . O'CONNOR'S NARRATIVE . From a desire to make the people of England acquainted with Ireland , of which they know worse than nothing , receiving as they do , all tlieir accounts through the medium of a description of person ' s in the constant habit of calumniating that people : and from a wish to give the people of England the means of forming a judgment between the government of Ireland ( during the residence there of Lords Camden and Cornwall ' s ) and me , it cannot , especially at this moment , be thought obtrusive in me to lay before a just , but prejudiced public , a faithful narrative of those facts which took place in my particular commencing on thc 27 th of December , 1796 , and ending on the Sth of Mav _, 1 S 03 , a space of
nearly seven years , during the whole of winch time , a continued fire of persecution was kept up at me . Connorville , the former place of my residence , is situated about fourteen miles from Ban try Bay , where a French fleet made its appearance on the 23 rd of December , 1796 . To oppose a landing of the troops on board this fleet , about 5 , 000 of the Irish militia had advanced and occupied the villages about me . For the manner iu which my tenants , my friends , and myself treated these men , I refer to the panegyrics in the Kouses of Parliament in England and Ireland at the time . Wc cheered them in their distress ; we administered to their wants , of which they had no ordinary share . On the 27 th of December , about nine o ' clock at night—such a hideous night as my remembrance cannot parallel—I was informed that my porter ' s
lodges were full of so _! dior 9 in quest of quarters . I went to them . They were in a sad plight . I found them to be two companies of the Wexford militia , with seven or eight officers . Day or night , rough or smooth , my countrymen were welcome to me . I had then a large bouse well stored . I was in the midst of plenty , full of happiness . I brought all the men to my house . My mind has no register ofthe time they remained with me , nor what I did for them . My tenants were very good to those with them . My friends ( that was the whole country far and wide ) opened their doors to this native army—let tliem want for nothing—and even when the terror of invasion had subsided my tenants and myself presented the poor fellows with thc billet money to Vihich we were entitled , to buy them shoes and stockings . I did my utmost to make the situation ofthe officers as
comfortable as possible , and this I will say , tbat I received from all more thanks than vereduc , and experienced their gratitude far exceeding the obligation . I learned afterwards that these officers—strangers heretofore to me—had been directed by some agitators to my house , in the expectation of my not admitting them , which was the opinion also of all the officers in the army . I dare say such of them as live at this day will acknowledge that they received a more hearty welcome at Connor Yille than at the house ofthe most " loyal" man in Ireland ; that is , the man tbat has the largest pension , or most lucrative sinecure or post in the kingdom . Whilst this division of thc armv was in their cantonmcnti
in my nei g hbourhood , when the men lost their muskets , bayonets , and ammunition—which frequently happened—they came to me , and I had the things restored to them . The soldiers became attached to me . Long—indeed always before these events—I had been an object of great jealousy and hatred ; I had ever been in the habit of committing a crying sin in Ireland . I had borne myself so to all the people , that they were greatly attached tome . I had appointed arbitrators in every parish through an immense district , who decided all controversies , thc occupation ofthe pettyfogging lawyer was nearl y gone . I curbed the vice of drunkenness—I prevented riots—I did all tho good I could . It will not , therefore , surprise any person in the least
conversant with the character or complexion of the ruling factions in Ireland , that I was an abomination to them ; and , when to these vices in their eye » the thanks of the poor soldiers were superadded , my crimes were not to be endured , and I became an object of suspicion and distrust . In this state of things—the French force having left the coast—a young man , from my neighbourhood had gone , in the beginning of March , to see some friends of his at Bantry , where he was arrested for administering the Oath of Union . On being questioned , he acknowledged that he had received it frommy steward , a lad not more than eighteen years of age , who wa » also arrested ; and both were conveyed to the prison of Cork , where every means were used to
extort confessions from them to implicate me . They declared , however , that I was the last person to whom they would disclose anything of the kind . Their honesty and persistence in truth were called treason to their country and attachment to me , and a council was called together in Dublin , at which it was determined that I was very dangerous , and a warrant was issued to arrest me on suspicion , the act of Habeas Corpus being at the time suspended . The secret , however , was not well kept . I discovered the plot . I lay down in mv own house the niglii on wluon 1 knew that an attempt was to be made to seize on me by a large detachment of horse , attended by lords , psnnirps . and generals , and their staff—and before
they had marched half a mile from their quarters 1 was ( at a distance of twelve miles ) apprised of thenhaving set out . They made their search for me , and a considerable depot of arms , which they were informed were secreted in the lofts and cellars of my house ; neither wero there , and they marched bacf . The next day I wrote to the judge , who was then holding thc assizes at Cork , saying , that It ne would _oive mc assurance of a TRIAL , then for anything that could be alleged me I would go to him , otherwise that I would not surrender . As he wai not authorised to give me the assurance I de-1
manded , and as . I preferred the liberty of the con - mon air and the use of my own limbs to unlimited imprisonment , I stood out till the latter end of April , when , finding my health somewhat hurt from the manner of my iTving , particularly from damn I left home , and came to England on tho 3 / : lh of April , where I remained till the middle of June , whenlrcceived advice from home that several ot m _) tenants and others of the poor people , to tho amount of fifty-one , had been flung into prison , and that two unhappy men had been induced to swear against them . The same packet also contained a proclamation that had been issued by Lord Camden on the
Narrative Eelating To Mr. O'Connor.
17 thof _$ fay before , ins _^ pV every person to come 111 and Surrender , m _^ _V _ffiffigiator for the peace on an _jrihwta of _bffiptoMffiir _questioned . Very Jiappy ; aEtne opportunity . thia _^ prdclamation afforded me _tpae _^ opo tho , conspiracy _JaSiihisti'tlio people inpmon , andtoaid them ih > . _tlielrTdefehce _, I returned to Ireland , _surrcndered-myself at Mallow to Lord Emsale and Sir James Cotton , on the faith ot theprmumatwn , performed the terms required of mc w ! _^*? as to give bail to be of the , peace for se \ en _> nil which I apprised Lord Cainden ? _Ju-i M secret J _J ' ' and Mr . Pelham . now : Lord Chicliesjr , on June the 18 th . From Mallow I went homo g & tho 5 th of July , and on the 14 th was arrestee ? b y Brigadier Gen . Eyre Coote , at his camp , whither he had invited mc . Before he detaincdmo he looked for greater certaintv into his and
orueriy _^ poK there found , as he said , an order , dated _^ ho 1 st of July , to arrest me . On his having dono so _^ he was aU loss what to do with me , and attendedvme to Bandon , where I was to remain till he shpnU hear from Dublin . On the third day of _royWjM ' : _¦!» " * don I received a letter from Mr . re _lfe"lWg . ated m Dublin , the same day I war arrestej _^ _it the camp , neitt . \ Bnndon , 180 miles from _towniWTOg-, that Lord . Camden wished much to ' see me 9 / J _$ _!' ' V tM _-ff- wmdoVcomply I might ac P _$ < PP £ n my Pors _« n being _^ _rjeetly safe from Arr _# _^ p that I sh pul _' dbe- _^ _nmted to return ' hom _^ imjjediately . This _' let te ' _r"f communicated to Mr _^ dtm . who said , that as . government did tot _IcuoVr orally arrest at the time-Mr . Pelham wrote , he / _oouMipt let me go ... till ho received an answer fr _AB _^ _ffi } fei to _hJMJSijiappi-ising the government
his orders , which wore to ' _son d _^ mni _^^ oWef _^ to attend me , and Capt . Roche and I sat out for Dublin . The Capt . had a sword , and he had on his sash and gorget . There is a high hill between Bandon and Cork ; we ali ghted from our carriage _; it is a place of rendezvous ; some twenty or thirty carriers were assembled here ; they had not seen me since my return from England . Capt . Roche first saw Ilia danger—Ins sword could not defend him , his sash and gorget eould not protect him . I perceived the workings of his mind—a look of kindness from me to him would save -his life ; I superadded a word of esteem . Capt . Roche was not molested . We arrived in Cork that evening , where we halted for the night . A man of the city got
access to me . Cork is the placeof my nativity ; I have friends there ; would that every man could say the same where lie is best known ! I discovered that it was intended to oft ' er violence to Capt . Roche , I prevented it . I took Mm in safety to Dublin . On our way we called at the camp at Ardfinnan , where the Wexford militia lay . All the officers requested of Capt . Roche to tell Lord Camden tho services I rendered tliem and the thanks they owed me . We arrived in Dublin and saw Lord Chichester , who liberated me from arrest , and wrote to Mr . Coote that I was not to be molested again . I returned homo , and in the beginning of September I went to the assizes of Cork for the purpose of defending my tenants against the conspiracy before mentioned .
L sent them all to their homes and prosecuted the witnesses , who were both transported for perjury to Botany Bay . I now hoped to enjoy with m / family that peace to which innocence has always right to expect . I was cruell y deceived . An unsigned , unsworn to paper was sen t up to the Grand Jury on the 17 th day ofthe assizes , when two of the judges had left the country , and a bill of indictment was found against me for High Treason . On this paper I was arrested and flung into prison , where in a dungeon nine feet square , filthy beyond description , Hay rotting for seven months , never having felt the influencc _' of thc sun nor breathed on by the air during the whole time ; at the end of which I was conveyed from this dungeon to the court , to 20
through " a trial upon charge * of every species of treason and rebellion . Two witnesses were brought up under a strong military guard . They were sworn . What did they depose ? That thty knew nothing of me ; that one of these papers was written without tbe knowledge of thc witnesses ; that when it was read to him he declared it to be false , and refused to swear to it ; that he was offered £ 300 a year to swear to it , and threatened to be instantly shot , if he persisted in his refusal , and he did persist . The other witness swore that what was called his information was all written down without consulting him—that when ho refused to sign it he was threatened to bo hung , and that at length he was prevailed on to put his name to it
on his receiving an assurance that it never was to appear , and that it was only a matter of form * / iuas acquitted instantl y . All the people , all the military expressed their joy ; the judge trembled ; he was seen stretching out his imploring arms from the bench to me , in the dock , amongst robbers and murderers ; he was heard to cry to iuc for mercy to protect him ; and I did protect him , not a hair of his head was touched . On my being released I did not return even to my house ; I did not even take one day ' s repose . No , my beloved brother was a prisoner at Maidstone ; he is one year younger than I am ; wc were reared and educated together , never one day or night apart for ei g hteen years . The thought of him banished overy idea from my mind ;
I set on to him that very night , arrived in London in four days , as quickly as 1 could travel . I wrote to the Duke of Portland for permission to be admitted to my brother ; I received his answer at five o ' clock next morning , by four kings messengers , with a warrant to arrest me ; and from my bed was I taken to the house of Mr . Silvester , and that evening was I taken off for Ireland . We landed about ten miles frora Dublin at ni ght ; I saved Mr . Silvester and tho Bow-street constable—my companion—from a watery grave , and conducted them safe to Dublin , where we arrived at three o ' clock in the morning , I now for the first time since I left London lay down , and had not been in my bed more than three hours when Mr . Silvester awaked mc , to
tell me that another king s messenger had that moment arrived from tho Duke of Portland to take mc back instantly to London , This was about seven o ' clock in the morning ; about twelve , Mr . Silvester informed me that Mr . Coote desired to see mc at the Castle . Mark the instability of fortune . Behold O'Connor , brought by a constable , to have the liberty of being admitted to the presence of Mr . Edward Coote ! I did see him , the interview was not of long duration , the conversation was not of many words , but it was important . I asked him the meaning of these proceedings , what post haste treason I bad committed in the four days that I travelled from Cork to London , above 400 miles . Hear his answer : " IC « do not pretend to have any charge
against you , but wc know your power , and suspect your inclination ; had my advice been taken , you should not have been brought to trial in Cork . My opinion was , that you should have been kept in confinement under the suspension ofthe Habeas Corpus Act , and it now appears I was right . " Well , that afternoon about two o ' clock , I was obliged to set oft back again towards London , where we arrived the fourth morning—having been forced to perform journies of nearly 1 , 900 miles , and cross the Irish sea three times in thirteen days and nights , daring the whole of which time I never was permitted to take off my clothes , nor to lay down for more than seven hours . I was kept in custody at the house of Mr . Silvester till my brother ' s acquittal at
Maidstone , when we were both taken to Dublin , where wc were lodged in the same prison room on the 2 nd of June , 1798 . In July , a special commission was opened in Dublin for the trial of all those against whom any charges had been exhibited ; amongst whom neither my brother nor I were . Three had been executed . Mr . Byrne , a relation of the Marchioness of Buckingham , was condemned , and was to be executed on the 24 th of July . On Sunday , the 22 nd , some _negociation was set on foot , in a way never yet ascertained , between the Government and some of the state prisoners in Dublin , of which it appears that neither my brother nor I had any intimation till Tuesday , when Mr . Dobbs and tbe sheriff of Dublin entered our apartment , and
showed us a paper purporting to be an acquiescence on the part of seventy-three ofthe prisoners to give information of any arms , ammunition , and plans of warfare , and to emigrate on condition of a general amnesty , and of pardon for Mr . Byrne , who was to die that day , and for Mr . Oliver Bond , who was at that moment on his trial , if he should be condemned . My brother and I declined entering into any agreement . Mr . Byrne was ordered for instant execution , which instantlv took place . Mr . Bond was to die on thc Friday . " We heard no more of the paper till Thussday evening late , when thc same Mr . Dobbs , accompanied by Mr . Samuel Nelson—one of the prisonsers from another ofthe prisons , came
to that where my brother and I lay . All the priioners were called together ; Mr . Dobbs produced a letter he hadjustrecoivedfromMr . Coote , stating " that if my _brother and I would enter into a treaty with the government , by which we should engage to give every information in our power of all mattors relating to tho rebellion , and particularly our relations with foreign states , thero should be a _neneral amnesty—Mr . Bond should be pardoned , and wc should be permitted to emigrate to any country not at war with England ; but that if we persisted in our refusal , military commissions should be issued in the north for the trial ofthe prisoners there , the courts should proceed in Dublin , and the yeomanry
Narrative Eelating To Mr. O'Connor.
_MnW _;& . » m _^! _;^; ' _'" _- oe _^ _% to . ' ' Wo both refused ; :. _* _Wb ; said / if » thero are anv ohar tes against us , proceed' - upon thorn . Why proceed against others , - because we will not enter into any iio « oeiation ? " We went to our own rooom , whither Mr . Dobbs came presently . He represented . to us ' the dreadful scenes of slaughter and devesfation that wot ild .. follow close upon our declaration ; . _*;^ was influonoed by _|||^^ to save an . unarmed ¦ P _^ _Plo _^ _rabhsented to _-sacrifico him-¦ jejf ; _-. but . _Isb _^ r _^' tnMe , such proposals and threats with a very differeht . ear . My answer # s thatlsem defiance all their ' machinations , that 2 *' was ready to meet any charge that could be brought against mebut
, that I never would enter into nny 3 groement with the Castle of Dublin during my life ; Nothing now was left unattempted to induce me , by very fair promises , or to intimidate me bythe most alarming threats , to sign this agreement .: _^ were unavailing . At length Mr . Marsden camo aVif secretly and as a friend , to let me know what b y chance he had heard at the Castle . That it was determined to seize my estate if I did not comply . My answer was , that I was prepared against everything , that I was resolute never to comply . In consequence of which orders were despatched to tho officer commanding at Bandon , to send detachments of horse and foot < to take possession of my house , which they did to ; the amount of between two and three hundred men .
Thoy expelled four of my ; infant children and my servants ; the officers broke open my cellars , drank all my wine ; they ordered the . men to kill my sheep affd oxen on which the whole party subsisted ; they _^ _teMMi _^ i _[^ ktp sfiees for their horses ; ; _thefmaoff _^ the house and offices ; -burned all my farming utensils ; destroyed . ' my gardens , the wall trees , the hot house , green house , and all the plants ; turned all their horses out into young plantations which were all ruined , stole every thing moveable , and committed every species of devastation for eight or nine weeks that they remained there , for which I never received one penny as remuneration from that day to this . After this visitation it was again demanded
of me to sign the paper . My answer was always the same . Still I was kept a prisoner ; and when those who had entered into the agreement were sent to Scotland , I was forced by Justice Atkinson and a company of Buckinghamshire militia , at tlie very point of thc bayonet , into a coach , conveyed on board a tender , and conducted to Fort George , in which military garrison _/ was kept for a year and ten months , where by the lenient treatment I received I lost tho use ot my limbs , and was reduced to the very verge of life ; at the end of which time I was brought to London , and lei go on tho 24 tli of January , 1801 , upon a dbbabful recognisance to some immense amount , not to return to _" Ireland , and to reside in such part of England as
the King of England should from time to time appoint ( and Middlesex was named ) during the then war . I took a house at Southgatc , in Middlesex , where I resided for half a year , but having no land there , I looked out for a place with land to occupy my time . I found one to suit me at Elstreo . As I was a stranger , and as the rent amounted to £ 500 a year , I applied to my old friend and companion Sir Francis Buvdett , who immediately became n » y security . There I lived for one year , when the treaty of Amiens taking place I was desirous of returning to my own country , and applied to Sir Richard Ford , tho magistrate , before whom I acknowledged the recognisance , to get it up . In vain . After many fruitless efforts , he at length informed mo that ft
was determined never to give it up as long as I retained the power of living in the south of Ireland . I judged it better to part with Connorville than be shut out from my country . I got A LICENSE to go to Ireland , and on the 1 st of May 1 S 03 , I let « lease for ever of the place of my earliest days . Whereupon ' I got up my recognisance immediately . I purchased , for £ 40 , 000 , from Lord Wellesley , the Castle and Estate of Dangan within a few miles of Dublin , where I have resided with my family ever since , coming over occasionally to visit Sir Francis Burdett and a few other friends in England , where t / _ioiio / i I have estates I have never been known , Jire ctly or indirectly , to interfere in any concerns of the country . I never attended a public meeting
or a public dinner ; though I have many friends , I seldom associate with any one but Sir Francis Burdett and his family . My fortune is ample ; and neither I nor any one of my family , ever cat one morsel thai _zvas not produced from our own estates . We never received any of the people ' s money in the shape of pensions and places , nor was any man ' s meal or comforts ever diminished by one of us . Surely then I must be a most disloyal traitor ! In fine , many , very many , in Ireland love me ; tho militia was attached to me . I surrendered on the solemn faith of a proclamation , which faith towards me was broken ; I protected Capt . Roche , I defended the Judge , I saved Mr . Silvester and the Bow-street constable . There is no kind of place
that has not been my prison ; my own house , camps , guard-houses , taverns and hotels , castles , wherries , packet-boats , messengers" houses , court-houses , bridewells , state prisons ( as they are called , ) tenders , garrisons , palaces ; and as a prisoner have I been travelled from my own house in the south to Carrickfergus in the north of Ireland ; from tho western extremity of Wales to Maidstone—nearly the eastern extremity of England ; from Dublin to Fort George in Scotland—within forty miles of John O'Groat ' s house to London ; in mail coaches , post carriages , and carts , on foot , and on horseback . And all because , ( for I know of no other cause , ) that ten years before the French Revolution , I saw
the absolute necessity of a reform in thc Commons in Ireland , which was _acknowlcded afterwards by the factions of England and Ireland , and because I would not consent to a legislative union , which I regarded as equally ruinous to both parts of tho kingdom . On the whole , then , let the people of England , now that they art in possession of their soba senses , decide between my accusers and me , whether the laws were infringed by me who have gone through every ordeal , who have always courted investig _' ation and inquiry , who for years SEVER CEASED TO DEMAND TRIAL , or by THEM who sought thc protection of a BILL OP INDEMNITY , passed by an assembly of which they themselves made a part . "
Such , reader , is the political history , such are the crimes of Mr . O'Connor ; such is the person to have had whom in his house at the time when the army stormed it , was—if the public h _.-idbeon still fool enough—to be set down to the account ol Sir Francis , and as proof presumptive at least that he had wicked designs—designs against the peace and safety of the country ! Reader , if you be an Englishman , and have neither job nor contract , nor place , nor unmerited pension , nor defalcation in your accounts with the public , in short , if you profit from no species of public robbery say , how should you like to be treated as Mr . 0 ' Connor was ? How should vou like this _sortof treatment ? How should
you like to have your house , your gardens , your ' fields , your plantations laid waste and destroyed as his were ? How should you like to be hurried from prison to prison , to be thrown into dungeon after dungeon , and when you demanded trial refused that trial ? But surely 1 need not ask these questions . Well , then , is there to be no feeling for him because he is an Irishman ? Are we ready to avow this to the Irish people ? I trust not ; I trust that we shall prove to that unfortunate people that wc feel for them as for ourselves ; that we arc as ready to resent their wrongs as we are our own ; that in a word , we regard them as our _comiti-i / _mcn , and that we aro resolved to consider tlieir enemies as our
enemies . This is the way to produce an union with Ireland , a real union , an union of the hearts of thc people of the whole kingdom , and this sort of union it is that the boroughmongers and their hirelings would wish to prevent . Hitherto , indeed , they have prevonted ic . They have never missed an opportunity of misrepresenting the people of Ireland . _Tney have caused tlie people of England to believe that those of Ireland were bent upon a surrender of their country to France , and that all their demands relating to political and civil liberty were mere pretences . What evils havo not sprung from this accursed source ? I beseech the reader to consider that it is not in nature , that the people of Ireland should not hate us , if we persist in our credence to these calumnies . It is , on all hands , agreed , that Ireland is our vulnerable part . Does it not then
become us to strengthen that part , to use nil the means in our power of regaining the good will of the Irish people , and to induce them to make common cause with us against the common enemy ? Aud what can be moro opposite to this than reviving the menioiy of those cruel times to which Mr . O'Connor ' s narrative refers , than tearing the skin from the hardly-hcalelandhardly-hiddenwound ! What he has said 1 e his been compelled to say . He has been calumniated in the most foul and infamous manner . To remain silent might have been construed into a consciousness of guilt . His calumniators , therefore , arc answerable for the revival of the memory of that which he was willing should be forgotten , and which nothing but boroughmongering malignity could bave induced » ny ono to attempt to revive . Wit . COBBETT . Botlcy , May 9 , 1810 .
. ≪Stjiuli0t Intdugince.
. < _StjiUli 0 t _intdUgince .
Manciiestef(.-.On Sunday Evening Last Mr...
MANciiESTEf ( .-. On Sunday evening last Mr . Wilhams ,, of Stock port , delivered an . animated -lecture _m tbo People ' s Institute , on tho War of Interest , which was listened to throughout with « rcat ' satisfaction . After the lecture , Mr . Amho . _ie _~ Tomlinson gave a recital of his sufferings while in York Castle . At tho close of tho meeting it was unanimously ' agreed that the county delegate meetin ' , ' should bo held m the Hall of Science , Camp Field , on Sunday , the 2 _< 5 fch iiist . The chair to be taken at ten o ' clock in the morning . Derby . — -In accordance with a resolution
unanimously passed , at a public meeting held at the Town Hall ; { the _^ riiculars of which recently appeared in . the _'Imtfifffiy _' _- 'Sfar , ) . I ; forwarded the memorial , adopted in behalf of all our imprisoned brethren , to Lawrence Hey worth , Esq ., M . P ., for presentation to Sir G . . Orey , and havo received the following letter from . that honourable gentleman in reply : — " ' ' YtWftrce , near Liverpool , November 0 th , 1 S _1 U . LEAH Sm , —I have had great pleasure in transmitting to Sir George _Grcythe pi-tition from the inhabitants of Derby , in public _meejMig assembled , mid which , bv authority of the meeting , _yonhnys done me the honour of forwarding to me . I have expressed to Sir George Grey an earnest hope Hint the prayer of tin ' s petition may be favourably received by her Majesty , Die Queen , and am , dear sir , , T-v . _„ : ¦ ¦ Yours , truly , w . Lewis Fairo . ¦ _:..-. . _Lawbexce IIetwobth . Westminster . —T » b En ' _suiso "' CiuimsT
_Cosfe-BKNCE _;—Atnmeeiirig _- of this locality , held at the Two Chairmen , Wardour-street , Soho ; Mr . John _Milno in tho chair . . On tho motion of Mr .. John Arnott , seconded hy A . Piercy , it was unanimously resolved , — " That a public . meeting be held fpr . the purpose of electing four delegates to represent _Jho city of Westminster in tho forthcoming Chartist Conference . " A committee having been appointed to effect this object the meeting' adjourned ' to Tuesday evening ' next , Nov . 20 th . ! _WiuiraoTON _isn Cat . —At the weekly meeting it was resolved that tbe secretary , call on thc various . Idealities in the Hamlets , to send two delegates to ., the above house on Sunday evening , 'November 18 th , ' by half-past sis , to devise thc best means of carry * ing on the agitation . The meeting then adjourned . _FiNSBunv . Locality . — Tho members of this
locality met on Sunday evening last at S 3 , Leatherlane , Holborn . Mr . Fuzzen in the chair . The secretary read a letter which he had received from G . W . M . Reynolds , Esq ., and a vote of thanks was given that _geptleman . It was then moved and se-. _condocL— " Tljiit thk _localjtehold a public meeting _WflnMItty . _W _$ D _^^ Itooms , Theobald-road , Nov . 20 th , for the purpose of electing four delegates to thc metropolitan Conference . " A committee was appointed , and the _secretary was instructed to write to Mr . Kydd , asking that gentleman to allow himself to be put in nomination for _Finsbui-y . Three other delegates were nominated , after which a subscription was entered into for the purpose of getting up the meeting , when the sum of Ills . 4 d . was collected . The members then adjourned until Sunday evening next , Nov . 13 th .
_Curr-PL-EOAK Locality . —At a special meeting held on Sunday evening , a committee of five persons were appointed to select a place for a public meeting for the election of four delegatos to the forthcoming Conference . Two shillings and ten pence was collected for the defence of the action between Mr . O'Connor and Macnauiara . Several small subscriptions for the Monument were also brought in . Halifax . —Public Mektino . —A large and enthusiastic meeting called by public placard , was held here on Tuesday evening , the _l"Jih inst . in the Working Man ' s Hall , Bull _Close-Une , for ths purpose of adopting a memorial to the Queen , praying for a free pardon to all political offenders . Mr . J . Clissett was called to tbe cliair : when
the fol _' owing _rc-olutioiis were passed unanimously , being moved and sec mded by Messrs . G . Webber , Maud , Rushton , and Crossley , siippi . _rted by Mr . John West . 1 st , — " That , this meeting is decidedly of opinion that the imprisonment of men fir expressing their honest convictions up » n political subjects , isdirectly at variance with that spirit of freedom ran / lobe inherent in the British constitution , and contrary to that liberty of speech , in the expression of political opinions , which is considered to be the right of » _" ' British subjects ; as we consider that an "" lightened public opinion is the safest and most 1 ffectual way to attain this nation ' s rights , and , therefore , tliat the expression of thought on all questions of religio * s and civil polity should be free and unfettered . This
meeting , also , is of opinion , that the tyrannical and persecuting spirit of our undefined sedition laws call ( liUiil y upon Parliament ior their liberal revision or immediate repeal . " 2 nd . — " That a memorial be drawn up by a committee _i . f three , founded upon the above resolution , and presented to her Majesty the Queen , through Air . Cobden . M . F ., prayiug for a free and unreserved pa-don to be extended to all political prisoners now confined in any of thc _prisoni of Great Britain . " 3 rd . — '' That it is the opinion of this meeting , 1 hat the lime has now arrived when the people of Great Britain should memorialize the Crown , and petition the Houses of Pai-liau > cnt for a remission of the
sentcneo ol all poi . ieal c nvicts now _suiU-nng in our penal settlements , nnd that we recommend the consideration of this question to all patriots . " 4 th . — " That , Mr . William Darnells , Mr . Geur _^ e Webber , and Mr . J . Clissett , form a committee to draw up and forward the memorial founded upon the foregoing resolutions . " . Theme « ting wasalterwards addressed by Mr . John West in his usual talented manner . Votes of thanks were then voted to Mr . West , the chairman , when the meeting separated .
To Tiie Democratic Public Of Great Mitai...
TO TIIE DEMOCRATIC PUBLIC OF GREAT MITAi'N AW IRELAND . _BiiKTimE . v , —IVe , the undersigned , being a committee acting for , and on behalf of , Dr . M'Douall , now a political prisoner in _Kirkdale-gaol , do most respectfully return thanks for the timely aid afforded by those localities who have been ever ready to protect the patriot ' s wife and children from want . It is not generally known the great sacrifices that our friend M'Douall lias made , struggling for the cause ofthe people , against tyranny and oppression , during the last twelve years ; we tire certain , was it known , a greater number of his admirers would have come to his help before now . The amount of money , spent hy him for the people ' s
cause—the valuable time , and the exti-.-iordin .-iry ta : oiit and genius , which might have been employed in providing a competency for old age , and the support of his family . But that is not the least ; he has suffered at the hands of Whi g judges and juries rear three years' incarceration in a dungeon ' s gloom , with one hour ' s exercise daily in the company of murderers , robbers , and all otlur immoral inmates of a prison . From his lonely cell his prayer has been , ne . U to his wife and children , thatthe Supreme Power would change the hearts of the tyrants and oppressors , and that the poor may obtain the just reward for their labour they are entitled to get .
It is scarce six years ago , when this good man advocating thc rights ofthe poor , by a _slight word , gave offence to the possessors of power , whereupon they issued a proclamation offering one hundred pounds reward for his body , winch forced him to seek shelter in a foreign land . In fine , wo know of 110 man who has suffered more , and borne it so patiently , as our friend Dr . M'Douall ; he havng spent l \ _is-, \ U , and sacrificed , every domestic comfort and family interest for tho people ' s cause and a dungeon ' s gloom ; and all for us and our order ! Then shall we ever deserve to enjoy heaven-born liberty , if we so basely desert him no w ? We consider his claims on us can never be repaid . Therefore , with a view to assist him , wc propose a National Tcstlnial , to be called
•• TIIE M'DOUALL _TESTIMONIAL , " to be raised bv voluntary contributions , from all Chartist Democratic localities , for the express purpose of enabling this patriot to recommence his own profession as a medical man . His talents have been admitted on several occasions , by the public press ; his abilities , as a writer and orator , are very well known to be pre-eminent . We therefore beg leave to inform our friends throughout the kingdom , who may be desirous of contributing to " The M'Douall
Testimonial" that all subscriptions will he received by tho Treasurer of tho Committee , and acknowledged privately , or through the Northern Star . We are , Brother Democrats . On behalf of Dr . M'Douall , Yours Fraternally , William L'Costixe , John Waddkll , Cliairman , James Mkrckh , Andrkw M'Fkk , Treasurer , William 11 oiiin . so . n-, Jasiks Sedlip , Secretary . P . S . —All Post-office Orders made payable to Andrew MTee , 6 , Agustine-strect , St . Martin ' s , Liverpool .
Fund For Tiie Widows And Ciiildllei* Of ...
FUND FOR TIIE WIDOWS AND _CIIILDllEI * OF SHARP AND WILLIAMS . The following subscriptions have been alroady received by the Committee : — Sir Joshua Walmslcy , M . P 2 0 0 Mr . James llnnner , ( _ira-A-lwDw / _wtc / i ) ... 110 Mr . Thomas Prout 110 Mr . William Williams 110 Mr . George W . M . Reynolds ... ... 5 5 0 Collected at a Public Meeting at Derby 0 17 0 Digby Arms Locality v . 10 0 Subscribed by tho Clerks and Compositors in _Ileyuoldss Miscellany Office ... 0 10 0 Mr . D . ltuffv 0 5 0 Proceeds of Ball in tho Tower Hamlets 0 10 0 T . W „ 2 s . Od . ; per Mr . _lllingworth and . Miss Eagle , Is . ; Anonymous Ilemiolds ' s Ah ' Ktttami , Od . ; Ditto a Youth , 3 d . ; J . H . ' _fShorpditch "William _Bayis G . W . M . joihj J . Ferwsanw
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, Is . ; Mrs . Corre _^ _Rdefiftoi , Mk / _KW _^ _d ) , 3 tW _^> 7 _* , _clmrMril yM y ; Rkynolds _^ # _^ M > v _.-) ' _mmmM >*** _L _t i'Vi _* - * _igworiii _, is . ; _jwrs . _^ is CorresPORd " m _^ _rrf _^ » _, Od _^ _&^ l _^ 'A > iw - " ' - _- . i '" _---7 _M'iEM'iSii ! _^ € 53-
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), Nov. 17, 1849, page 1, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns3_17111849/page/1/
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