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« «iTHE OlS>jWIfVRDS MtHEFOS: ¦ *! ^ijUAGKETS , THE BLISTERED j^NDS , AND UNSHORNCHINS,
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• --'iiy EnOT8t. ;: v;,;..-7^/' i: ;8 ;;...
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TO MESSRS. HIBBS AND SELSBY. Getstlemen,...
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- '-— - ; -™.-™.*«,~. —. .n^*,.-^ *" - -...
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' ¦ vXlL-ifeN? 517. ; • - .. LCilbJ,:^ —...
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AN APPEAL TO THE MEMBERS OF THE J , 0*J1...
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* See Northern Star, August 21s», 1847
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IMPORTANT MEETING OF THE IRISH. DEMOCRAT...
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DECLARATION, OBJECTS, AND GENERAL OO' VE...
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RE-OPENING OP THE FINSBURY LITERARY INST...
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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« «Ithe Ols≫Jwifvrds Mthefos: ¦ *! ^Ijuagkets , The Blistered J^Nds , And Unshornchins,
_« _« iTHE OlS > _jWIfVRDS _MtHEFOS : ¦ _*! _^ _ijUAGKETS , THE BLISTERED j _^ _NDS , AND UNSHORNCHINS _,
• --'Iiy Enot8t. ;: V;,;..-7^/' I: ;8 ;;...
• -- _' iiy _EnOT 8 _t . v ; _, ; _..-7 _^/' ; 8 _;; ' ; . ; , ' : _1 ' 1 ghould have written you a political letter a _A _- _gweek , upon our prospects ; and position , 2 St for Ae duly impa _& A npon we , of replying « to ibe . aMHufesto of Messrs , Hibbs _^ nd Se lsby . I was the : _* more anxichig to devote '" sppie -j gpace tMs week to that . purpose , incori-£ Smence of ihe avowal of the _Tt » es newspaper of _jf _Wednesday , as to theinterest that _Enjand la bad in fomuig " aa tdUance witb . the Pope , fr from whicHIs b _^ , next week , _* bwyon , lhat t fTOm
jo ffly predicti ( m' _» tothe antidl- « ted _^ ; si such an alliance hasbeenrealised ; andfurther , tt to have convicted the Tunes out of its own tt month of culpable ignorance upon the quests tion of Free-Trade . Iwas also _paous to 1 have laid More you . the e _^ tetion . of the 1 Times at tbe Prohibition of thi use of _Spinti ions Liquors and intoxicating . drinksJn ; the j _'JUmy'to _tc _^ _- _^' - _^^^**^^^ _- _^ I by the Hates , to . illnstratethe sOveialsubii jecte , I shall be able next week , to prove to 5 yon , tbat where the people and their Press i were years ago , the factions and their Press i sre only approaching to now . _' _,. . ' .
. , The subjects will keepi till next week ; and 3 now to my more immediate _Jpurpose-riny j approaching tonr . I shall commence at _Aberi deen—and in next week _' s- Star , I shall map _i ont my route , merely announcing , for the ; present , and I do so -with great pleasure , that . Mr Jones will accompany , me ; this announce-: ment will , l . have no doubt , give satisfaction to the Scotch people , and . to . the Chartists ¦ ¦
_ts _ awfmr _ _Mirni _' . ? _--l _.-- < _~ . ~ ' : ' _.. * - _, . _¦> : _ ., » _,--.-> geflerall y / 5 _'*• . " - _- " ' - : _/^" ' : _«<>* : _; : ; _ ' : Atrother _diestioninferestiiig _, t 6- 'yon ,. and ivx
_^ _sjguswaaBn , muufxunaimjua ' _. ma _^^ _mw for the completion of that document , I was tthu _^^ M _^ _adj upon : discovering , that , from _MblfflayTfforning to Thursday Eveningj not more than Two Hundred and Fifty members
bad signed "it , Now , who is to bear the penalty of your culpable negligence I ' Another error into which , depositors in the Bank have fallen , is making Bank Orders , and Post-Office . Orders , payable to . the manager , whereas , they should all be MADE PAYABLE TO ME . In my letter to Messrs . _Hibbs and Selsby , I might have drawn the attention of those gentlemen to the numerous failures now occurring in -the banking and speculating world , but I merely hint at themj in order to furnish our friends with an answer to the enemies of the National Land and Labour Bank . _^ I remain , your faithful Friend and Bailiff , Feab us _O'Connor *
To Messrs. Hibbs And Selsby. Getstlemen,...
TO MESSRS . HIBBS AND SELSBY . _Getstlemen , If it was not for your pressing and urgent demand , I certainly should , even now , abstain from the publication of Mr Selsby ' s letter , but as you are anxious for it , yoii shall not only have it , but the entire of your manifesto ; and , although I might make some remarks inthe same spirit in which that manifesto has been very cunningly devised , with the intention to wound but the inability to injure , I shall abstain from doing so . But allow me to ask vou what there is in the name of
Heywood , ' in tiie name of Lloyd , in the name of Barclay , in the name of Barnet , or in the name of tiie Manchester Joint Stock Bank , to protect these gentlemen or firms against as elaborate a -controversy respecting each deposit placed in their Bank . In short , have you ever heard of such a . course before ? and the more especially when , by your own arrangements and laws , you had full and ample power to have prevented an occurrence which you appear deeply to deplore . _Wby , jour own showing proves that that which was decided at a slender meeting of members on the
31 st of July , by a majority of twenty-three against thirteen , was more maturely considered on the 14 th of August , with the knowledge of the general secretary , who made it his duty to write to the trustees , and at this second meeting , on the 14 th of August , the former decision was confirmed with only one dissentient . Then steps inthe Executive Council ; and here you will not suppose that I mention the fact from spleen or hasty passion , when I remind you that for twelve years 1 havebeen contending against this description of trade-oligarchy , and I have been incessantly showing . you
that the next trades' struggle ' would be between tiie democracy and the aristocracy of tiie ruling power . Bnt , even here , it is the senate controlling the representatives , because , although not stated in your manifesto , your first resolution was only carried by the casting vote of the chairman ; and then your second resolution is a perfect admission ofthe right of the fourth branch to act as its members think proper , with the mere paternal appeal to them to think calmly and take time , while your manifesto professes to be a chastisement of parties because such an idea of banking money in SUCH A BANK had not been contemplated by the delegate
meeting . The subject was again brought before . the Executive Council , and you decide only that the fourth branch had acted prematurely and upon false premises , because you have stated , as a ground for caution , the very reverse _^ of what I stated at Lowbands . Now let me analyse the several fallacies tbat have possessed you : — Firstly . The Bank is not registered , will not be registered , could not be registered , and need not be registered . Secondly . You have made a very artful use of Branch Banks , and my only being accountable for funds that came into my hands .
Now , tiie one was the answer to the other . I stated that I would not establish branch banks , because the money would not come directiv into my hands , and because it would impose an amount of anxiety and responsibility upon me which I was not prepared to undergo . Besides , I sho wed that the rent of an office and the salary ofa confidential person would swallow up all the funds ; but why make the omission of branches a cause of grievance when you object to the single source from whence they should spring ? As a matter of course , I stated , and now re-state it , that I will not be responsible for any money not
coming into my hands or into my manager s hands . And , then , as to the grievance of giving you an account of the condition of the Bank yearly ; do you object to thi s straightforward * and honourable proposition , as being derogatory tothe character of a banker , or are you fearful lest it might inspire the people with confidence in the Bank ? Allow me to askyou if Sir . Benj . Heywood , or any other banker , would be answerable for funds that did not come into their hands ; whetherjthey would hold correspondence upon every deposit made _contrary to tiie spirit oi a trade ' s rule ; I assure you , if I started with this understanding , I should be compelled to . establish a new paper ,
entitled—THE BANK WEANGLER . And then you state something about a Mr Ho _^ e , which is precisely the reverse of _^ the fact . But what could Mr Hoyle know about banking ? Or what could the whole Conference know about a subject wholly foreign from their pursuits ? when I , a Bamster-at-Law _, was obliged to take the opinion of practised counsel before I would undertake the responsibility of becoming banker . But it so happens , that what you state Mr Hbyle to have proposed , namely , that the trustees be instructed to hand over the property of the Company as security to the depositors in the National Land and Labour Bauk , so far from
being impossible , is the very princip le upon which the Bank is established , under the directions of the ablest counsel _. Your next sentence is the pith and marrow of your whole manifesto . You _sav , in fact ,
To Messrs. Hibbs And Selsby. Getstlemen,...
until the Bank is legally registered in accordance with the law , THERE JS NO SECURITY TO A SINGLE DEPOSITOR . Now tins is your bile , which yoii have thrown off after what you considered a strong preparatory dose for your patient ; but what will you say , when I tell you that the Bank cannot be legally registered , and that there is better security for the principal and interest of depositors tiban _, SirBiHeywood ' s Bank , " or any Bank in England guarantees . And as if determined still to pick a hole , ybu try to shake the stability of the Bank , ( even suppose it was registered , ) by objecting to the lengthof notice required for the withdrawal of money ; and then you introduce"Mr Harding's name , in
order to show that a still longer notice might yet be required . But how did I act before iri a precisely-- similar case ? A poor man had -deposited a large sum in the Bank , and stated that an opportunity presented of turning his funds '" tojajverjr profitable ' - 'jaccoiint , ' ' which he should loseif _, he ; , was _; required to' / give the required notice .- of withdrawal ; that man received his whole money hy return of post . And now the _aniwunceutent in _^ e _^^_ the ; , d _6-^ utatiori _^ _whlcj yousay was but * firivafe _^ anol required confirmation through , the press , I give ityOu ; that I will allow any Trade depositing funds in the National . Land and Labour Bank to withdraw any amount it requires up to £ 200 ; at sight , and the whole of their funds at one week ' s notice . But this condition
shall only apply to Trades , as , anxious as I am for tiie success ofthe Land Plan , I should be sorry that its prosperity should lead to the inability of the Tirades to meet their oppressors with" the sinews of war ; and as you are anxious still to keep up a controversy with the fourth branch , rather . than be the indirect cause of the slightest . dissension , I have given instructions that the trustees may withdraw the whole of the funds deposited at sight . As to Mr Selsby ' s letter I had nothing to do with it ; as a matter of course , I was too much imbued with the spirit of democracy to admit of such a controversy , nor . do I think that it would be at all conducive to the
interest of the Trades themselves . Now you have the whole letter , and although you ask what confidence can be placed in a man who is afraid of the . truth being brought to light , you appear to forget that your truths are all fallacies , while I much doubt that any refutation that I can offer would 'strengthen your confidence in me to that extent which would induce you to patronise the National Land and
Labour Bank as the Bank of the Trades . With respect to your concluding paragraph , I have only to request that the members will insist upon a delay of sufficient length to enable them to peruse the next number of the ' Labourer _? before it is decided whether the money of the Trades is to be ALLOWED to be applied to the cause of Labour and the benefit of Trade .
Gentlemen , I shall make no further observations beyond the expression of my well-founded conviction , that there is some power behind the Executive greater than the Executive itself , and that that power dreads the union oflabour , and the application of its funds to its own redemption . But be prepared for the calamity arid the blow ; for , rest assured , that before this day twelvemonth , in spite of the aristocracy of trade , every guinea of overy trade fund in the kingdom will be deposited in the National Land and Labour Bank , itis
scarcely fair that men who profess to fight the battle of Labour , should seek every opportunity of causing dissension in its ranks , and weakening the confidence of its friends ; and you will be able to judge of my sincerity , and of my conviction that the Land project and the National Land and Labour Bank are capable of redeeming England from beggary , and placing the government ofthis country in the hands of the working classes , when you read the next number of the 'Labourer , ' by which I seek to strip myself of confidence , and to relieve myself of responsibility , by making the Land question a government measure , and
thus destroying all the fulsome nonsense about enrolment and registration of Company and Bank , by giving the members and the depositors government security , and the protection of an Act of Parliament , and whicb , but for the dissensions of labour , I could carry out myself with equal facility and success . Gentlemen , if not too great a task , I invite you to read the whole of the next number of the _^ Labourer '—it is exclusively devoted to the question of the Land and the Bank ; and when you have perused that , and reflected upon it , then I ask you to compare what a foreigner has accomplished for your country in two years , with but humble means , as contrasted with what has been accomplished by the millions that have been expended by the
now impoverished Trades . I assure you , gentlemen , that my delight would be to be divested of all responsibility ; never to touch , or never to see , a single fraction of money , but merely to give to the labouring classes the benefit of more practice , more reflection and experience , upon these , subjects than any other man in England , or the world , can boast of . And , in conclusion , I beg to inform you , or to repeat what I stated in 1838 tothe middle classes of Yorkshire , that the . democracy of each class will become too powerful for its aristocracy ; and this prediction is now . being realised in the instance of kingstiiemselves , as the Pope and the King of Sardinia are in open rebellion against the Autocrat of Austria .
Gentlemen , all attempts to turn me from my course are futile , and _^ utterly hojpeless , and for this simple reason—because I look' upon the working classes as my children , and ' serving them as my only pleasure , and I am not going to abandon the one , nor give up the other . I have the honour to remain , Your obedient Servant , ; . Feargus O ' Connor , Bailiff .
P . S . —Now , gentlemen , if you had confined yonr manifesto to an expression of your desire to hear more information upon a new : subject , I would have thanked you for the caution , and to show you that I , of all men , am anxious for enquiry and ready for discussion , I hereby , and not boastingly , challenge the whole Press of England , metropolitan and provincial , daily and weekly , to meet ae la discussion upon the Land and Banking question , and I invite the Trades of England ,, the Bar of England , and the Bankers of England to discussion upon the same question , and the two naked propositions that I shall submit to such meetings will be : —
Firstly—That the Land Plan offers the only possible remedy for the protection and comfort of the labouring classes , and the security of the lives and properties ofthe wealthy . Secondly . —That the National Land and Labour Bank affords better security to depositors than any other Bank in the world ; that it guarantees a larger permanent amount of interest than any other Bank ; and that it is established upon a principle more secure than any other Bank in the world . Now , these are my two propositions , and you will find them elaborately discussed in the next number of the 'Labourer . '
Gentlemen , as the term challenge implies some shade of hostility , I invite you to name the day upon my return'from the continent , ( which will be in about threeweeks , ) and I will cheerfully meet the Trades o Manchester in
To Messrs. Hibbs And Selsby. Getstlemen,...
the HaU of Science ;' where , upofi _fty part ,. I wiD undertake _^ to cond _uctiith ' e _^ _djrousaonjwith _a-view to arrive , at the truth , not _having the slightest-interest , iri the success of the . National Land and Labour Bank , beyond the inestimable benefits it is calculated to confer upon the labouring classes generally .
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' ¦ Vxll-Ifen? 517. ; • - .. Lcilbj,:^ —...
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An Appeal To The Members Of The J , 0*J1...
AN APPEAL TO THE MEMBERS OF THE J , 0 * _J 13 "SSYMEN STEAM ENGINE , "' MACHINE MAKER , AND , . MILLWRIGHTS ? FRIENDLY SOCIETY , PROM THE EXECUTIVE COUNCIL " . , ' ' , ' -: _ _.,. . ' .. ; v . " ;•; . ;; ! ;; ' . ' "; . _/ . ;< ' » _-i _.-. ' RsgFKcrBBFHntND ! .--At 8 meeting ofthe ' General Executive Conncil , held August 28 tb , 1847 , at wbich the whole . of the members , were present , —I t " wag decided _, thatan Appeal should be made to the members throughont the sooieij , upon a _adbject . involving the _intereatsof every member , and one upon which each member , as far as practicable , should hay ' _^ ' an _opportunity of recording bis vote . The ; subject alluded to , ia tho security ofour lands . ; Our attention has been drawn to the question owing to tbe circumstance of one of the branches , _vii " , ' Manchester 4 th , branch , having decided , on the 3 _ist July , at but a slender meeting of the members _^ although a summoned one for the eleotion of , officers , and , b " ankjrig _,- _^
_twentytbmioting foft . _juadjhirteen jaMinat , _^ _lTi » t , tijL-t _wheteofthefanrJsm'th eir _^^ £ 620 , should be withdrawn from Sir BeDjamin Heywood , and Co . ' s bank , and deposited , in Feargus O'Connor ' s Land and Labour Bank . ' . This decision having _beeaaMidentallyiwmmnnic ' ated to the ' general secretary , he made it his duty , at once , to write to the trustees , protesting against so' hasty a step being taken , until the matter had been fully considered by the Executive Council , and an appeal made , through them , to the whole of the branches ; which had the effect of delaying proceedings until tbeir next meeting , which took place on the 14 th August , and at which meeting they confirmed their former decision , as we are informed by their secretary , by 25 voting for , and 1 against . The same evening , there was a meeting ofthe General Executive , and the subject was folly entered into , and after a lengthy discussion the following resolutions were agreed to : —
Resolved— ' Tbat in the appeal against Manchester 4 th brancb removing tbeir fundi , —Itis the opinion of this meeting , Manchester ith branch have acted _contrary to the spirit of the Sth rule . " Resolved— 'That after ' mature _consldera _' tien of the mode In which Manchester 4 th branch purpose ' s banking its money in the National Land and Labour Bank ;— we respectfully request Manchester 4 th branch to suspend such proceeding until the . opinions of the ' branches ¦ bave been taken , as such _ao idea ef banking money , in such bank , had not been contemplated by the delegate meeting . * ' . '' . ' - ' . _' ' ¦ _¦"¦ ' _- '•'; ¦• • A copy of tbe above resolutions were sent , as early as possible , to the secretary and trustees of the branch . Bnt , notwithstanding this decision of the
executive council , on the 21 st of August , the trustees transferred £ 620 from . Hey wood ' s bank , into the hands of Feargus O'Connor . Tbe subject was again brought before the executive council on tbe 28 th of August , and received their mature consideration _; the discussion of the question occupying the whole ofthe evening . The _security given by Feargus O'Connor ! for money deposited in his bands , and the practicability ofthe arrangements ofhis bank for the society ' s purposes , were the leading features that were discussed . The whole of the evidence that could be brought to bear at the time , upon the subject , both for , and against , was produced , and carefully examined . Several resolutions were proposed , and the following were ultimately agreed to : —
Resolved— 'Thatthe opinions of all the branches be immediately taken on the propriety or impropriety of any branch of omr society depositing our funds in tbe 'N a tion a l L a n d a nd Labour B a nk . ' ' Resolved— ' That it is the opinion of tbe executive council , from tha evidence produced from the Northern Star , and other sources , that the Manchester Fourth Branch haire acted prematurely in the'step they have taken in depositing the funds in the'National Land and Labour Bank . ' ___ . ¦ _- _.- ¦ - j-In considering this question , we would urge npon every member to weigh well the importance of the subject , and for tbat purpose we would refer you to the report of Conference at Lowbands , contained in the Northern Star , of August 21 st . It will there be
seen tbat the National Land and Labour Bank is only at present in its infancy , and can scarcely be said to be established ; the same not yet being ' registered in accordance ' with law . ' Another thing to be observed is , that there are not to be any branch banks , but tbe whole of the deposits are to be made in London—Mr O'Connor having the sole and entire control of the funds . Mr O'Connor states tbat be will hot be responsible for any money not coming through his hands ; that be is not bound to give an account , but will do so . He also states tnat the Land shall be the _security to the depositors ; yet we find atthe same Conference alluded to , a Mr Hoyle proposed— ' That the trustees be instructed to hand over the property as security to the depositors in tbe
National Land and Labour Bank , '—and the answer that Mr O'Connor gives is , ' that it is impossible . ' Ia fact , until the Bank is legally registered in accordance with the law' there is no security to . a single depositor . Another point to be noticed is , even supposing the Bank to be registered , the length of notice required before any money can be withdrawn . According to an article in No . 4 of The Labourer , Mr O'Connor states , —•'' That ten pounds , or any lesser sum , may be withdrawn on-demand ; for withdrawing any sum above ten pounds and up to twenty , a fortnight's notice must be given ; and for any sum above twenty , one month's notice of intention of withdrawal most be given . ' But , at the Conference , one of the delegates , a . Mr I Harding ,
' thought it would be necessary to cause depositors to give longer notice before they should be allowed to withdraw their deposits . ' : We are informed by the secretary of Manchester 4 th branch , that ,- in a letter sent to the branch by Mr O'Connor , he intimated that he would allow £ & Q to be withdrawn at sight , and thathe also . made the same promise to a deputation that waited upon him from the brancb . But' as tbis is merely a private communication to certain parties , and not announced officially' through the public press , it cannot le depended upon . We' would also begtodraw the attention of the members to _theremarkamadeby . Mr O'Connor * in hisaddress to the members of the Land Company , and to a letter contained in the same paper by _G-. S . Offofd , a member , of Manchester . 4 th branch . For the convenience of tbe members , we . have deemed it expedient to oopy them here . Mr O'Connor says , ' I' dare say yon will derive no little gratification
from the announcement , " that the Manchester mechanics bave deposited ' £ 620 of their funds in the National Land and Labour Bank , and that many societies are about to follow their wise and patriotic ' example ; - and to them , as to all others , I . shall' only say , not that I may perish , or that my right hand may fall from my body , or that my tongue may cease to wag , if I deceive them ; but I : do say , that I am not a pleasure man , ' a drinking man , a drunken , a gluttonous , or a luxurious man , and if they have not 203 . in the pound , and four , per cent , interest for their money , I must be a ro * _> 6 in _^ man-. ' Toknow , byjdear-boiight experience , that Mr O'Connor isa robbing man , if he does not perform what he promises , may afford satisfaction to some , but we think some _, thing more substantial will be required by the majority ofour members as security , for their money , before they consent to allow it to be deposited in his hands . The following is the letter of Offord , — To F _«*»« us CCom-OB _, Esq . ¦ ;; ,
Bespectid Sib , —I have great pleasure In informing you that the minutes of onr last meeting , au t horisin g the trustees to withdraw the money of the Manchester 4 th branch ofthe Jonrcejmen Steam Engine , Mac h in e Maker , and MillHrights' Friendly Society from Sir _Benj ' amin ifejwood's Bank , and tbe placing of the same in the Land and Labour Bank , was confirmed bythe unanimous vo t e , at a summoned mee ti n g of our branoh , on Saturday , the 14 th . Tou will also find enclosed , a oopy ofour ru l es witb the names " of our trustees in the second page , signed by _theasdves , which you will be so kind as to keep forth * purpose of comparing _signature , when the withdrawal of any money ' may ; be re quired . I am also requested to draw your attention to the 9 th rule , which relates to our banking of money as a branch ;
and to request that yon will acknowledge the receipt of this letter and rules ; and send us the best method of transmitting the money ( six hundred and twenty pounds ) to vou with the last expense , as our _voject is to show to society at large , the superiority of the Land and Labour Bank over the present ; and thereby set an example worth following by tbe rest of the trade , for I feel confident that when once set going , it will . be speedily followed by other branches of the same trade _, indeed it is already going on in another branch in Manchester ; I think , sir , after you have read this to your con fe r e nce now assembl e d , that some of them will strike while the iron is hot , and I do expect something from Da vid Morri s on , although at present a stranger ta me , for I think that Swindon cannot lay behind With him there .
I am Sir , yours respectfully . Geob « b Sjurofijj OrroBD 3 , _Chnreb-street , Boohdale-road , Manchester , August 15 th , 1847 .
An Appeal To The Members Of The J , 0*J1...
j 'C onsequent _upon'the above letter aod the remarks of MrFearguB O'Connor appearing in * _thoWorlftern Star , thefollowing letter was ' sent to Mr Feargus O ' Connor , on the 24 th'August :- _^ ¦ ¦• ¦ ¦ ¦¦ ¦ < _< _*; ., 64 ; Dale-street , Manehester , Augu s t 2 4 t b , 1817 Beak Sis , —In looking oyer . the , Northern Star pt , Sa . turd _^ y last , I perceive _. in the course . of your address to the _^ memberg of the Land Company ,, you make allusions to _; the clroumitance , of the mechanics of _Manohesttr having -deposited £ 620 . 6 f their funds in the Sailonal Land _andlfibour Bank * and in . the same paper ' _thcre is align Utter , _ilgned—^ Qeorge Samuel Offord , ! upon tbe _s _* mesabj »( 5 t , My object in . writing , t o _youle , to ' prevent a / _isetap « islon being made . upon : _^ public , but * nore especially , uponthose ofthe mechanics
throtig _* outitbe . cottntry . A , stranger ; to' _^ : © ase , ; ln B _^ rusing your _remai-luand _the'ieifer ' of _Offoirdj ' j *** !" * " *! 4 Jr _» WI to . _!»&* . that ; the ' £ 620 bad'beeri voted into the . National , land , and _jlUboa . r . ; Banli '' with _\^ e \ anan'i _> mous COTsent of the persons iowbpm ' it belongedi But suck il ; x _» r _fioin being thefact .. _itOurls _^ ole _^ yljiicproiw ' sed of between _seyen _^ _and eight thousand members , _eitend . ing over Great Britain and Ireland , and holding o ' _negerit " . ral fund ; t _^ e _fuads in any one branch _. _belpnglng _equally to ¦ _¦ . the . ; m ' lm _^ b ers of ,. any ' . ether ' _ . branoh , , _so . that , . in the event _tjlanyimportanf _, chang e ' inltttVmode ' _of . _oaRklog or . iavestlDg its funds , especially in an eiperlmen _» _whero _. doubu as to iU security may _^ ex | 6 _^ e _« i ' _C _TUal , Tbut ju _« t _, _i tha ' t . those , i _^ _coaiulMd : arid in ' .. Qiii . vi e w r'bf ' thy matter I _^ _faots are , ' ' nstead o ? rae _^^ flye . individuals have decided upon , the removal of the mon ey fro rr i Sir Ben ja mi n _He ywood ' s Bank to the ; National Land and labour Bank , they baviog . composed r a
majority of those who voted ata rneetingof their branch . And I beg farther to Inform , you , _trint _' tnis act' has . been done in direct defiance if _instrucUons given by ' . ' the only acknowledged authority in the Society , vis ., our Executive Council , and , the parties so acting have rendered _themstlves liable to be brought to account for the same , ' Theinstructionsofthe Executlve _^ _Ceuncil were , that tie op inions of t he membera tbronghbut the Society should be taken _, upon t he . ' propriety af allowing branchesto . de . posit the funds in the National Land and Labour Bank ; and any person wishing to do justice to' all could not raise one sound ebjsction' to such a course . Tou will oblige by inserting , this letter in your paper of Saturday next . Wiibing you every success in your attempts to ameliorate t he condi t ion of t he p ee p l e , believe me , .. . _- . ¦ - ' ,.- .- Dearslr ,, _jouvBtruly , _, ' l ' "' . HENET SlLSBT , . ; . Se cretary to the Journeymen _Steam-etiglrie , Machine Maker , & Millwrights'Friendly Society , . To Feargus O'Connor , Bso ' , ' ' _..- ' ,
Mr O'CoHnor has not thought -proper , as yet , to publish the above lettei , although two of his papers have been issued since it was sent , nor do , we expect thatany notice will be taken-of it by him , and for reasons which we think must be apparent to all who have read his remarks and the letter of Offord . But we say , if he is an honest man , as he professes himself tobe , and possesses a desire , to . do justice to all , hei will publish it . If he does not do so , we ask what confidence can be placed in a man who is afraid of the trnth being brought to light . We consider that the public have a right , to be undeceived ; and to effect tbat has been the sole object of the above letter . ' It has been deemed advisable by tbe Executive Council to lay the whole of these facts before the members , so tbat they may be enabled to judge fairly upon the
subject . All that we say is , decide not too hastily or precipitantly , but give the matter that serious consideration its importance deserves ; above all , avoid taking any step which may have a tendency to destroy that confidence amongst each other which is so essential to the prosperity of our institution , and without whioh , whatever amount of interest is obtained for ear money , oar Society would be a mere chimera . In conclusion , we cannot but regret that any branch of our Society should act contrary to the wishes and instructions of the body , whom they bave appointed to . decide upon all matters of importance , involving the interests ofthe whole . The course we have taken in this matter _^ in appealing to the members , we feel convinced , will' give general satisfaction , and which , as your Executive Council , is all we aspire to .
In accordance with ; the above resolutions , tbe officers of each branch are ; instructed to summon a meeting of their members immediately , and to adopt the best means of insuring as full an attendance as possible , in order tbat every satisfaction may be afforded t _» the members . The question to be decided is—whether , or not any branch shall be allowed to deposit the funds in the 'National Land and Labour Bank . ' . And it will be necessary that particular care should be observed in taking the number of votes for and against , as the , number of votes must decide . In cases where , branches are unanimous' the numbers present must be taken . .
Itis requested that no _unnecessary delay will occur in taking and sending in the decisions , with the number of _votesfor and against , to the general secretary , as early aB possible . 'Yours _respeetfally , ( for the Executive Council , ) Thomas Hibbs , President , Hbnbt _Sblsbt , Secretary . 64 , Dale-street , Manchester , Sept . 9 th , 1847 .
* See Northern Star, August 21s», 1847
* See Northern Star , August 21 _s » _, 1847
Important Meeting Of The Irish. Democrat...
IMPORTANT MEETING OF THE IRISH . DEMOCRATIC CONFEDERATION . At a meeting ofthe Irish Democrats held at Cartwright ' s Coffee-house , ' on Sunday last , Mr Murray in the chair , -the address given-below was unanimously adopted , resolutions of approval and admiration _, of Pope Pius IX . and his noble people were also adopted . Feargus O'Connor Esq . M . P . was , with great enthusiasm , elected president for the ensuingyear . ADDRESS OF « THE IRISH _^ DEMOCRATIC CONFEDERATION OF LONDON / TO . THE ' TOILING COMMUNITY OF GREAT BRITAIN AND IRELAND .
Brethren . —Seeing that year after year we are doomed to tread the gloomy and beaten path oi toiling agitation , '; and yet still continues in the sunny distance ,- the goal of our deliverance ; seeing this , we have dared to ask ourselves—how it is ? or why it is ? that it should be so ? These are bold questions , and political economists might perhaps demonstrate to . the satisfaction cf their employers , ' our utter incapacity , or question our impertinent audacity in meddling witn the ? . ¦ : < . y - ; •; 'Traffic of the learned ; ' _. ¦ ; u Be this ' as'it may , we fancy that we are part and parcel of the body most concerned ; and we have made tip our minds ; come weal come > woe , ' to speak for ourselves . We Have given ourselves the trouble
to consider those questions , and we have discovered that there is nothing after all so very surprising , in such a state' of things . In ' the body politic , as well as in mechanical bodies , the lesser . cannot move the ' greater unless applied witha degree of velocity ; equal to the weight of . the power to be removed j thus it is in vain that sectional bodies attack the great bodies of the state , becauee the velocity of the former not being equal - to the weight ofthe latter , the former rebounds , loses of its motion and is paralysed by-the contact , while tbe weightier body remains undisturbed . Individuals try , and try in vain to disturb the huge mass ; many lend ' a helping hand for a time , when their patriotism and perseverance part , at the moment tbo , perhaps _.
when strength and firm _reaolve should have united them more closely ; 'Ub at such a moment the hitherto invisible and insignificant -animalculae collect around the-wheel of progression ) : and ' stop its movements which'another effort of united action would have _jerushed _.-- By the above rule sectional parties must always fail in attempting to remove the great' mass of corruption that- stagnates the life's blood ' of the toiling community ; Till ! the people shall resolve as one man upon some combined effort , to give velocity to some directing power equal to the _resisisting power of the State , it is morally impossible to calculate any date , as the end of our political struggles . These being our opinions , we have endeavoured to try how far . it would bo possible for us to * go towards the attainment of such a desideratum ; for , this purpose we have cast aside everything in our ' rules , objects , and declaration , ' that ,. can bear the remotest semblance
of partisanship ; the whole peoplo for the whole world , and the world for the whole people , shall be tbe leading tenet ef our political faith . We aim not at _rivalship ; , no antagonism with any existing : bodies of politicians , to aid all , and sympathise with all , shall be our golden rule . ' Old . Ireland and her friends are onr friends , for are we not all born of the same persecuted land . Young Ireland and their friends are no less our brothers because we think proper to adopt a more extended mode of action—a mode of action more consonant with _^ our judgment , our feelings , and our principles ; being of opinion that to assert and uphold the " rights of man ' is the duty of all men . . Others may differ with ns , we shall not quarrel . witb them , for their opinions , nay more , we will even lend them an honourable helping band ; but we will never connive at the suppression ofour own just claims , to carry out the crotchets of others ; we have always openly aiid manfully avowed our disinclination to Beg a Right , particularly from aB incompetent party , and we deprecate the
Important Meeting Of The Irish. Democrat...
attempts occasionally made by a side-wind at onr prjnbiples . ; We ; are told that our principles are full _ofabomihntions / that weare for the establishing-of a universal , mart to barter away men ' s souls and bodies , and that we degrade ourselves by seeking for our rights from a foreign legislature , and that we ought toreseryeour _? five . ' points' for presentation to an'Irish House of Commons . -In other words , we are advised to forego yonr claims . _'^'• ' Help us to repeal the Union , and then bring forward your abominable principles , and we will give you , battle-when we are snugly seated in College Green . -Those who teach this dootrine know full well that the old corrupt borougbmeng ' ering _soul-and-body-selling parliament of Ireland crushed those pribciples in the very front j of bristling bayonets—in the very smoke of Irish
cannon ,- and in defiance of a host of antagonists _. _'led on by the eloquence ' and arguments of a Grattan 9 hd a _^ Flood ! ' Besides , what _ainever-ending spring of agitation , turmoil , and rebellion must flow from sach a policy !¦ J : The people have rights or they have no rights-, if they _baveTighte _, as we maintain they i _TPli- -tne bounden duty . ; of those ' who pretend to lead ; the people , to , keep their rights steadily and perseveringly _alwaysinviewof tho people , otherwise they make expediency , subversive of orinoiple and praotiseadelu 8 ion which must end ra disappointment broken promises , ' , aiid degradation to all parties . , 11 the ; people : . haye : no ; _rigbts l ; then , in the nameof common sense ,, let those leaders _stand _. forward who think so , and manfully avow their position ; or if the rights of the Irish people . are : so ; unde 6 nable _| or W \ _milW i mim _^ 4 im _^_ mf 9 mmoithr _. of notice , and
ought to bo _' cast into abe _^ noe _unUrth _^ _tstnT _^ ith propriety be cooped up within the walls of an Irish House of Commons!—then , it were as well to fere-• yarn them , tbat they may hare as fair a chance of redress as tbe bodies and souls of poor Africans in _appealing to their heartless taskmasters , from the stronghold of the slave-ship . Alas for poor human nature ! it must not . degrade itself by seeking for national representation , because it is more fashionable to ' _seek for the repeal of the Act of Union !! Well , we will even go with the fashion ; but we cannot , nor never will consent to ' abandon the " glory of the degradation for which , we have long struggled , and for which the great and good , of our land have perished , on the : field and oh the ' scaffold .,
Believing that politioal rectitude must be universal or imperial , to bear any weight against the corrupt ' ays . terns of profligate nationalisms , we propose a union of action and concord with the good of mankind , irrespective of- nations . We are anxious to see discard and petty jealousies buried in oblivion , to tbe end of a union—a happy union-a political uniona moral union—a social , and a great union of all parties . ' A moral , confederacy is theterror of the evil government , while sectional squabbles , party feuds , and . national prejudices , are the safely valves ef his despotic power ; - deprive him of their political barometers , and , though he wereaPolignac or a Wellington , he flees before the gathering storm of an enraged people , till they gather into the lap of plenty ,
the fruits of peace , love ; and unity ! Towards one of our objects we claim your particular attention , — namely , 'To organise _< a system of stamped news-? apers for voluntary distribution in Ireland . ' Every rUhman _, however limited his means may be , will thus have an opportunity of conferring a benefit on his country . Alas ! few countries stand more in need ofa helping hand from her exiled children . When we know how much depends upon the spread of knowledge to aid in carrying out a social reform , it may well be supposed that we look upon this part of our system , as no small auxiliary to the task we have imposed npon ourselves . When we reflect what Ireland once was , and what she now is , we are pained at this subject .
Once the theatre of refined and polished literature , a portion of whose records might well astonish ) as it did , the modern Chambers of Edinburgh ; but now , alas ! what do we read— ' Seventy-foui towns , with a minimum population of 2 , 500 souls , enclosing a circuit of six counties , there is not a single bookseller !' When there are no booksellers , the maximum of knowledge in the population cannot be expected to rate very high , and the limited circulation of the newspaper press , with the haughty notions of some of tbeir subscribers , who consider themselves alone entitled to think and to read , are not very likely to assist in filling up the vacancy . God willing , with your aid , we shall try to banish this national curse . Englishmen wonder , and well may they , to think that eight
millions of people can be cheated aod starved to death , in one of the most productive countries in the world ; but how can a people be expected to wield a power the very possession of which tbey know not of ; or , if for a moment they are permitted to bask in the sunshine of their strength , itis only to be bent like a supple twig in the hand of some blaod-sucking mercenary informer , ' or broken to pieces by some political trafficker in their _^ all confiding hopes . Could we but give to the people of Ireland the knowledge to confide in themselves , we might hope that the daystar of their redemption was about to appear , in the heavens . Could we but impress upon our fellowcountrymen in England , the necessity of following our example , what gladness would it yield our hearts .
Could we but _eeehalf-a-dozen men id each ot thelarge townB of England set to work , and Bay , ' Let us try what we can do , ' they would soon be surprised to find how much might be done by ' firm resolve . ' Witb such help , we would soon nave the' Winged Press'flying from Cape Clear to the Giant ' s Cause way , from the Hill of Howth to tbe plains' of Conemara . Nov alone do we call upon Irishmen to aid us in this imposing task ; Englishmen , Scotchmen , Welshmen , aid us ; your taskmasters are the oppressors of our country ; but we do sot forget that they also have your ' pound of flesh ; ' let the wrongs of Ireland , and the grievances of England , awake in our souls the great truth that ' power is in the people , ' and that the people knew how to wield it . In conclusionwe beg to state that we are strongly
im-, pressed with the cbnviotion that a Convention or Conference , sitting or , , acting in unison in London , registering the- votes of the Irish representatives , and keeping a close watch over their parliamentary proceedings , would do more to . prevent the cause of complaints , arising ; , from negligence , incapacity , or truculen ' cy , on the parts of honourable members , than any other body could do , holding its sittings the other side ofthe channel . Honourable members would be more careful in giving preference to the ball-room , instead of the senate house ; upon important motions , if they knew : there were 50 or 60 honest ; indefatigable
men , sitting in council within 500 yards of them , watching their proceedings , and who would the next morning take the most effectual step to discuss with them the intrinsic merits of their promises ! pledges '!! and sparkling champagne M ! We have now laid our views before ' you ; '' Firm Resolve' is onr motto . No pWor on earth shall put us down , if ybu support us , till we have • ¦ ' Ireland for the Irish , ' ; and _« England for the English . ' ' J . Bbzbb , ' ' -C . M'CABrar , G . Hi Tuck . br , : J . Joiob , W . Mabiix , ; L . T . _Ciakct , Sao .
Declaration, Objects, And General Oo' Ve...
DECLARATION , OBJECTS , AND GENERAL OO' VERNMENT OP THE IRISH DEMOCRATIC CONFEDERATION OF LONDON . ¦ ' ¦ ¦ President . — ' Feargus O'Connor , Esq ,, M _. P . ' Vt « -Pre"id « nt . —Mr J , Dwain . Cammittee of Management . — Mr John Bezer ; Mr Charle * M'Carthy ; Mr Q . Henry Tucker ; Mr J . Joice ; MrW . Martin , ¦ . ¦ ' Treatxwtr . —Mr J . E . Cartwright . Sesretary . —L , T . Claney . DECLARATION . Wo bail all men as brethren , a nd bold them equals by inherent right to the citizenship of the world . We recognise the right ] of all nations and peoples to govern themselves by the will of the majority of their own inhabitants ; ~ We deprecate all restraint upon thought , ma t t e rs of opinion , free discussion , and the rational will of tbe subject . ¦ ¦ '
... We bold the right of property as inviolate In the just disoharge of its duties with the rest of the oommunlty . We hold taxation without representation as the exer . _cise of a usurped power , alike subversive of honour , honesty ; and justice . ¦ ;!¦ ¦¦• ¦ We recognise merit _alene as the standard of political asoendancy , ond the _ealtivation of virtue and knowledge as a surer guarantee for the future bappinaBB of man . bind than the bristling bayonets of mercenary hordes , We hold every wanton and eauseless restraint of tbe will of t he s ub j ec t , whether practised by a monarch , or a nobility , or a po p u l ar a s semblage , a degreeof tyranny , We hold it as a deplorable _^ and unanswerable test of thc unfitness of the _rnllBg power to govern a country , who permits the land to be waste , while i t s peo p l e die of want , or are comptlled _, in need of the necessaries of life , to emigrate to other climes .
We hold a social and _eatnest political brotherhood ' of the toiling community of Great Britain and Jreland _. _as an Imperial bond , wanting alone the signet of the people , to ensure the restoration of tbeir long and uu _> " natty withheld rights _.
OBJECTS , To use our best exertions to obtain a Repeal of the Union between Great Britain and Ireland , and to establish a parliament in that country , based on the full , fre e , and fair representation of the whole people of Ireland .
Declaration, Objects, And General Oo' Ve...
ts _rir _? S *» lUvateJa . _betterunderstanding amongst all grade _ofjhe . t o _il _!^ ¦ 3 _^ _Tbartir tlathe downfaU ' oftbebydraiheadetlmonster _^ ' _#$ _P _^ ' _^^ § _; wbi [! _% i , ot _' : m _^ _% . _ffi _^ for the 7 advancement of : their own _perfiaioris _^ pufpoTes _^ u i _^ To _aMiiiVln _^ be _^ _spm _^ _la Ireland , by _prganlaing . a : _sjstem . of voluntary contribu . tions of stamped newspapers . ' 1 - To impress upon our countrymen in _England , by all t he urgen t means In our pow e r , _j the rieccBBltjr _ofestabli-hing an Irish Conference ,, to asiembie at least oneo , a-year in-London , in order to watch , the , parliamentary _proeeedingsj and otherwise aid arid _assisfin giving due effect _tsthe _Ugitimate struggle of the Irish people for effect t _» the Ugittmate struggle or u » _o _unuywyio 10 I . _^|^ oeulUvateJa . _betterunderstending amongst all grade
Repeal . - ' ' •' _> . •'• ¦ ¦ - ¦ •;• -,. oENEBAIi OOVBaSMXST . ' The affairs of the 'Irish Democratic Confederation shall be ; conducted by a president ; a _viceipresidenti a t reasurer , and secretary , wi t h a manag ing committee of five : the president , vice-president , t r e asurer , and secretary shall be elected by ballot annually ; the managing committee shall be ballotted for quarterly . ; The . members of the . Confederation' shall meet at least once a week , to be presided over by the president , vice-president , or in their absence by a chairman ; elected In the usual way . ' , ¦ ¦¦;< TBE _PBESIDEST—HIS _DUTIHS . ¦ . :. ; It shall be the dd ' ty of the _presWent to attend all public meetings of the ; Confederation , . ' and preside over their . deliberations '' ; ' _^ he ; shall 'be " empowered to order an official meeting of the Confederation , to bo
summoned on any extraordinary occasion , as _^ well as t e order a meeting of the officers of the Confederation when he may deem it necessary , ' ¦¦ ¦ ¦ - ¦ ' , '¦ THI VICE-Pa ' lBIOEMT—HIS _DOTISS . ¦ 1 Tbe vice-president shall assist to regulate the order of all public meetings ,, taking counsel from the president uponall questions relative tothe _Confederation _/ as well as presiding over its weekly meetings . , ; . ' TBE TBEASOBEE—HIS _DOTIEfl . 5 The t reasurer 's accounts shall be opes at all times to the inspection of the members of the managing committee ; he shall prepare a balance sheet of receipts and expenditure , to be laid before the Confederation half . yearly , ; - ' - .: • - - ¦ ¦> _-. _; " . _- ,:. : _ ,- ' _,- '¦ . _- .. _- . ¦ . _-. " _/(
_, THE 8 E _0 BBTAM—HIB _BUTIIB , The secretary shall attend all meetings of the Confe . deration , and keep correct minutes of their proceedings . All monies which may p » 88 into his hands , he Bhall hand oyer to the treasurer , and keep a wireot account of the _« ime ; f _^ _0 _W _% _^* _± _^/^ _jiiMBEBs'ov TBEKAHAGtHO _^ crmnmB— 'r etj »(» _TjraB < _^ i Tbey ( ball meet for the transaction of- business at least once a week they shall investigate / arid decideupot the course of policy to be pursued by theni ) upon all questions which may be brought forward at the weekly meetings of the Confederation ; they shall _determine in ' what manner they can best promote their _interest , an d carr y out the ob je ct s , of t be ' Confederation . '
. _LUBIUIIEB OF MEMBEBS . Any member ofthe managing commltteeabsentiDghim . self for two successive meetings of the committee , wi t hout showing satisfactory cause , shall cease to be a member of said committee , and another shall be elected in bis stead on the next weekly meeting of the Confederation . . . _ELIOIBttlir OF _MEHBEBS . ' ' All . persons approving of , and acting in accordance witb the deelared objects , and conforming to the ruleB , of thiB Confederation , ere eligible tobecome members , on taking 6 _utcafd 8 of membership , for which each person shall pay sixpence half-yearly . " - < •' A monthly report ofthe incomeand expenditure ofthe Confederation to be laid before the meeting . '' No member to exceed a quarter of an hour in addressins the weekly meeting ofthe Confederation . No member shall speak twice on the same subject , except in explanation , or the opener by way of reply .
All amendments and propositions arising out of business under discussion at the weekly : meeting , shall be submitted to the chairman in writing . Oae week ' s notice shall be given prior to any motion being entertained by tho weekly meeting of the Con ' federation . All monies subscribed shell be expended in carrying out tbe objects of tbis Confederation , unless specially notified otherwise . Voluntary contributors of stamped newspapers for distribution in Ireland , Twelve copies of any newspaper for distribution in Ireland , Bball be considered equal to six months ' subscr ipt ion ; b ' x copies equal . to three months'subscription .
Ev e ry m e mber o f t h e Confed e ra t ion s hall be e n t i t led t o give iu the name of one recipient for the voluntary press in Ireland , . to the secretary , who shall cause all such names to be wiitten , with their proper address , in a book kept for tbat purpose , to whom one newspaper shall be forwarded weekly , according to priority of names . AH surplus copies of newspapers shall be forwarded to the secretary's _reading-roms , in Ireland , HANNEB OF POSTING THE NEWSPAFEBS ' , The secretary shall cause all newspapers , received in
the course of each week , to be laid on the table before tbe weekly meeting of the Confederates , properly folded and _directed . Tbe president , vice-president , or chairman , shall then cause to be selected two members from the meeting , whose duty Bball be to Bee them carefully posted , during the sitting ofthe meeting , if practicable . TheBe rules , objects , and declarations , to be altered , cancelled , or amended , only by a vote , of the weekly meeting ofthe members of the . ' Irish Democratic Confederation of London . '
AH communications , news p a p ers , & c , to be addressed to Mr L . T . Clancy , Cartwrigbt's Coffee-bouse , Red Cross _, street , Cripplegate , London .
Re-Opening Op The Finsbury Literary Inst...
RE-OPENING OP THE FINSBURY LITERARY INSTITUTION . This institution , established for the purpose of affording the Radicals of Finsbury an opportunity of meeting together and discussing scientific , political , eduoational , and historical subjects , capable of holding , comfortably , rather more than 800 persons , is situated in Frederick-place , _Goswell-road , near the New River . The re-opening was celebrated by a tea party and _ballj _, on Tuesday evening , September 14 , . when a numerous and highly respectable party attended , which was presided over by Dr Bowkeit of Poplar ; who , in taking the ehair , said they had met to renew the battle of progress against ignorance , poverty , and superstition ; . and on entering their
hail , he was pleased to see a notice that they had one of those opponents o ( poverty , a building society , meet in that place . ( Cheers , ) ' lie rejoiced at being the founder of those institutions , Beheld in institutions such as that in which they , were now assembled , the true religion was tanght—he meant the science of doing good . ( Cheers . ) He held , 'The way to be healthy , wealthy , and wise , ' could only be learned in such halls . Dr Bowkett , by some happy illustrations , showed what the people might effect by meeting and co-operating together in their own institutions , instead of assembling merely to enrich publicans . Here they would learn beta political and cottage economy , and cultivate the purest friendship . ( Cheers . )
Mr J . B . O'Bbien moved : — That all institutions having for their object ihe enlightenment , of mankind and their rational recreation , are entitled to public support . He then said , that it had been the object ef governments , from the earliest period down to the present time , to keep the people in ignorance and profound darkness—no matter whether those governments were of the aristocracy , the church , the land , or the mill , they all seemed desirous of keeping the people down by class-made laws ( Cheers ) , He had mixed much amongst the people , and from his experience he waB convinced , that there was not one in a thousand of them that understood what laws were
necessary for their government , either commercial , educational , or moral . Time waa when , the middle classes were equally backward , but they now had thruBt themselves forward , and obtained possession of ti e corporations , the management of the poorlaws , and had now managed to obtain * at least one fourth of the House of Commons—( hear , hear)—and he found that one of their order ( Mr Cobden ) was courted , feasted , and flattered as much as a duke was wont to be . Well , then , was it not necessary that the people should put themselves forward ,- and obtain their fair share ) of legitimate power , by means of such halls as they were assembled in ? He had much pleasure in moving the resolution . ( Cheers )
Mr G . J . Holtoare , in seconding the resolution , said , the success of institutions like this in a great measure depended on their management , and happily for them this had fallen into the hands of that very experienced caterer , Mr Mason , which argued much for its future success . He was gratified that it was started on a good foundation , and was in every _respeet likely to be carried out with energy and enterprise . ( Loud cheers . ) The resolution was unanimously adopted . Mr Wambb _Coopbii moved the second resolution _, as follows : — That we view with satisfaction the _re-openlng of tbis insti t u t ion , as it professes to afford to all Glasses the means for intellectual or scientific acquirements , on these grounds we regard it witb interest , and wish , it success ; " -
He looked upon the re-opening ofthis institution , as being well calculated to cause a re-union of the good and true hearts . In _institutionE of this kind , the true system of democracy was taught—the doctrine ef human brotherhood—here they paid no respect to rank or title , no , no , * "A man ' s a man fora ' that . ( Loud cheers . ) Mr D . W . Sato seconded , and Mr Goodwlv Barmby , and Mr T . Shobtbb supported the resolution , which was then unanimously adopted . Mr Mason rose amidst considerable applause , and
thanked his friends for the support they had given him , and hoped that the institution would ever be found an auxiliary in the great cause of progress . Ue assured them that nothing on his part should be wanting to ensure success . ( Loud cheers . ) A . vota of thanks waa awarded by acclamation to the chairman , which having been duly acknowledged by Dr Bowkett , the hall was cleared for the enjoyment of the votaries of _Terpischore , who tripped it en the Might fantastic toe' until night was at ' odds with morning , ' when the party concluded a happy evening ' s entertainment .
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Northern Star (1837-1852), Sept. 18, 1847, page 1, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns3_18091847/page/1/
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