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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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Monday, Aphil 15. Nouse Of Lords.—On The...
_burial-gtoundj at the present time in the metropolis is 138 j "but this cannot Toe taken as the actual number since a great ¦ manv parishes have not yet sentin their returns . The total nuiAber _einnolheless lhan 200 . and is probably somewhat more . There are , then , in London , situated at various distances from each other , and each differing in extent , 200 centres of more or less pollution , each pouring off unceasingly day and night , its respective contribution of decaying ¦ matte * -, but the whole tojjethcr , reckoning only the gases from decomposing human remains , amounting , as we have seen , in one year , to upwards of two millions ana a half of cable feet . Whatever portion of these gases is not absorbed 1 ® the earth—earth already surcharged with the _accumulafionsof centuries—andwhateverjiart does not mis with
and contaminate the water , must be emitted into the atmosphere , bearing with them , as xre know , putrescent matters perceptible t < J sense . Tliat these emanations do act injuriously on the health ofthe people resident in the immediate neighbourhood of the places from which they is < _-u ° appears to us , hy the evidence that lias been adduced , to he indubitably established . From the law of the diffusion of gases they must he rapidly spread throur-h the whole of tlie atmosphere that surrounds the metropolis ; nnd though they thereby become diluted , aud are thus rendered proportionally innocuous , yet that they do materially contrihute to the contamination of the air breathed by 2 , 000 , 000 of the people , cannot , we think , admit of any reasonable doubt
( Hear , hear . ) Without entering into tlie _evidence , lie would proceed to state the outline of the bill whieh had heen prepared upon lhe basis of thereport of the board , leaving matters of detail to be considered when the hill itself should be pmted . He proposed , inthe first place , that , for the purposes of the bill , a district should be formed , to be termed " the Metropolitan Burial "District , " consisting of all the parishes enumerated in the schedule and comprised within the Registrar-General ' s London district , with the exception of a few outlying parishes which it would not be necessary to include in the metropolitan districts to be formed . For this district burial-grounds would be provided either within or without the limits of th e district , which would be placed under the control and
management of the parties intrusted with the execution of the act , who -would also be authorised to fix the fees and payments to be made upon all interments within these grounds . Power would be given to take any of thc cemeteries which had been established underacts of parliament within the districts , making compensation to the companies . Power would be given to shut up any of tliese cemeteries which it should seem advisable on the ground of public health no longer to retain as places of interment , aud , on the other hand , to retain for that purpose such others as it mi ght he deemed expedient to continue . Every burial-ground to be provided under the act would , like im the great cemeteries hitherto established , be divided , one portion bcinsf consecrated and provided with a Suitable
chapel for the performance of service according to the rites of the established church ; the other portion being left- for interment of persons of other denominations . Power would further be given to set apart portions for those denominations who , on religions grounds , required separate places of interment . When one or more of the burial-grounds to be provided under the act should be opened for interment , the Queen in Council would be empowered , upon the report of persons entrusted with the execution of the act , and after due notice , to order burials in churchyards and other existing graveyards in any part of the district to be discontinued , subject to any exceptions that mi ght be thought necessary , and the prohibition mi ght from time to time be extended until interments were discontinued
throughout thc metropolis , with such saving of existing rights of burial in vaults and the like as might be exercised under certain precautions without prejudice to tho public health . The inhabitants of the parishes in which the _burial-grounds were closed would have the same ri ghts of interment in the new grounds as they had in their own burialgrounds , and , to provide for the natural wishes of persons to be buried near the bodies of their own relatives , power would be given to remove , without the expensive process called a "faculty , " bodies from the intramural places of interment into the new grounds . The persons who were to superintend the execution of the act were to beempowered to provide , within the limits of the district , places of reception to which the poor ( who were now so
often endangered by the continuance of the bodies of their deceased relatives in the rooms occupied by the living ) might have the corpses removed . A great practical difficulty in extramural interment was the removal of the bodies to a distant cemetery , especially in the eases of the poor ; and it was therelore proposed to empower those appointed to execute the act to provide means ( of whieh all who chose might avail themselves ) for conveying bodies io the places of interment , and for conducting the funerals , at specified and moderate rates of payment . A large portion of the incomes of some bf ihe London clergy was derived from fees on burials , and it was therefore only just and fair that provision should be made for affording compensation to them and to other persons whose incomes might be
afieeted hy this measure . In the ease of the clergy , some regard would be had in fixing the amount bf compensation to the dimunition of their duties , and the consequent saving of expense which they would effect ; but , in consequence of the large proportion of the incomes of some of tho clergy derived from these fees , it had been deemed necessary to extend the compensation beyond the existing incumbencies . The amount of such compensation Avould , however , he subjeet to revision from time to time . Provision ¦ would also be made for compensation to clerks and sextons during the tenure of the present holders of the office . It was calculated b y ihe Board of Health , in their report , that the whole of the expenses , including the compensations and the interest of the money borrowed for purchases of burial-grounds ,
nnd other expenditure , would be completely covered hy the receipts on the interments-which took place in the district , notwithstanding . a great diminution of the present charges in respect of burials . As , however , it would be necessary to make some provision for the immediate purchase of burial-grounds , the bill provided that in case of necessity the deficiency of the receipts might be made up by a rate on ihe district ; but it was provided that this charge , if it hecame necessary to resort to it , should not exceed an annual rate ofa penny in the ponnd . The Board of Health , in their report , recommended that the powers which were necessary to establish and carry on the system of extramural interment should he exercised by a commission specially appointed to carry out the measure . There were , however
obvious objections to the creation of a new commission , unless , an indispensable necessity could he shown for it , and it had been thought by the government that the Board of Health were fully competent , and were , on the whole , the best body , in the first instance , at least , to carry into effect the measures they had recommended . Their knowledge , acquired in their inquiries and in their other duties , and to a great extent their existing staff , might be thus made available . It was proposed that one additional paid member should be added to the board , and that with this addition , and the appointment of such subordinate officers as mi ght be requisite , they should superintend the measures necessary for establishing a system of extramural interments for the metropolitan districts . Before he sat down he wished to express the sense which he entertained of
the ability and efficiency with which the Board of Health had discharged the duties imposed upon them , and of the value of that great mass of information which they had collected and embodied in their report . The thanks of the public were _esper cially due to the noble member for Bath ( Lord Ashley ) , who , as an unpaid member of that hoard , had most assiduously and usefully devoted many months of his valuable time to carry out the objects of the board , and to obtain information on the subject to which this bill referred . He ( Sir G . Grey ) would only express his cordial concurrence in the hope expressed in the concluding paragraph ofthe report ofthe Board of Health , that their inquiries and recommendations might prove eminently conducive to the public health , by leading at no very distant time to the discontinuance of the great evil of intramural interments .
Leave was then given to introduce the bill , which was brought in and read a first time . The house adjourned at a quarter past one o ' clock .
TUESDAY , Aran , 10 . HOUSE OF LORDS . —This house sat for a few minutes only , during which the Exchequer Bills Bill , and the Brick Duties Repeal Bill , were respectively read a third time and passed HOUSE OF _COMMONS . - Taxes o . v _Ksowxedoj _* . —After the presentation of numerous petitions for the repeal of these taxes , Mr . Gibson rose to move the following resolutions * — " "Whereas all taxes which directly impede the diffusion of knowledge are highly injurious to the public interests , and are most impolitic sources of revenue , this house is of opinion — 1 . That such financial arrangements oui to be made as trill enable Parliament to repeal the Excise duty on paper . 2 . That it is expedient to abolish the stamp duties now payable on newspapers in Great Britain and Ireland . 3 . That it is expedient to abolish the duties now- payable on advertisements in Great Britain and Ireland . -L And that the Customs '
duty bn foreign books ought to be repealed . " Hon . members were entitled to raise these questions of taxation as broad questions of national policy with the view of asking the opinion of the house whether any -parUcular _. duty should continue a permanent part of their system of taxation .- It was said a school of repudiation had arisen ; but . to that school he did not belong " . He desired only to examine the incidence of their taxation and the conse-Q ? j * _nce of raising ii in a particular mode , with tho with of _seeiu-f whether they could not mate their _Snaucial _an-jmgeirierits such that the public revenue 2 ml i _^ _"" _-i- _^ ine'd without checking the diffusion _Siv 2 WIcd F orde P reB 8 ing any important branch _T _££ _fte P _"* _<* _toesf _Thefirstresolutionrevenuc _ofenft nty , _^ sr whica yielded a re _" _* finnn L 1 hi _¥ f , at _^ _wing £ 20 , 000 or _^ 0 , 000 for th | . duly paid on paper C 0 o nsumed by the government tbe _^ _^ of _^ * m / jaated at - £ / aO , O 0 Gv -Ad _yertingJirst to the effect of the duty op _the _^ _paper _maii VLfactvnio itself , on the
Monday, Aphil 15. Nouse Of Lords.—On The...
employment "" of lahour" and " other considerations of a commercial character not immediately connected with the diffusion of knowled ge , he should ask whether it was in the power of the government by iiny device they could adopt to protect the honest from the fraudulent dealer ? _^ withstanding , ihe ' _-most vexatious measures were adopted , it failed in doing so . _Whenamanufaeturersucceodedinma Kingpaper from dry materials instead ofthe wet materials from which it was laid down in an act f ° rm r | _-Vo " in , ? that paper should be made , steps were token against him to secure the public revenue _: - _^ _™ J _»^ mise was effected ; yet thesame " _^ _™ ig defied the government , aud , under the . name of feltmanufacturer , made _froffl _^ _- _^ . _^ _jS- _^ K wh _*„ h _nn-nneted with paper . to regarded employ _ni
ment he called the at cut on of hon _gniou - _terested in the rural districts to the lact t uthe manufacturer of paper was _f _/ _K _^™^^ manufacture that existed and the _» ncy ot tne tax was to lessen the number of manufactories , the Production and export of paper , and consequently _Fokssenthe em _* ilo * ynient of labour in these-rura districts . Mr . Crompton calculated that the repeal of the duty would lead to the employment of 40 , 000 people in London alone on the manufacture itself , and on manufactures subsidiary to it . He said a _single newspaper which purchased as much as £ 3 , 1 ) 00 worth of paper in a year employed as much as - £ 1-5 , 000 per annum in labour . When societies were springing up to export the female population who could not find employment , they ought to cause till they had done something to remove
obstacles to the employment of labour at home . The chief view which he took of the paper duty related to its effect iu preventing the diffusion of knowledge among the mass of the people . Ifc was no argument to say that the duty , on a novel , or on _M-Culloch' s Commercial Dictionary would be Od . only . In the petition presented last year , Messrs . Chambers , of Edinburgh , stated that they had been obliged to abandon a work intended to diffuse the blessings of knowledge , and moral culture , and which had a sale of 80 , 000 weekly , because it was unprofitable , tbe fact being tbat tbo paper duty alono would have heen a good return . There was a similar statement from Mr . C . Knight in hia able pamphlet—the Struggles of a Book against Excessive Taxation , which contained the history of tho
struggles ofthe Penny Cyclopcedia against the fatal efiects ofthe Excise dutyon paper . From this it appeared that tho _Pauiij _Cyelopmdia—i book intended exclusively for the instruction ofthe poorer classespaid for paper duty no less than £ 10 , 500 . What an enormous sum to exact from a man before allowing him to spread _throuch this vast community the blessings of knowledge by means of cheap literature ; which , in the words of Sir H . Parnell , "formed the raw material of the social improvement of the working classes of this country !" Another fact stated by Mr . _Knight was , that within the last twenty years he had expended £ 30 , 000 on copyrights and literary labour , and that he had paid £ 50 , 000 in paper duty in order to give the world the benefit of that £ 80 , 000 worth of editorial and
literary labour . Here was a tax on capital and a pressure on tho industry of talented men wliich , he would be . bound to say , was not equalled by anything in the tariff , cither of Customs or Excise . The proprietor of another cheap work—the Working Man ' s Friend—hnd informed him , that beforo he employed labour of any kind he was obliged to pay £ 1 , 000 per annum as the duty on paper which he used ; and it was useless to observe that the paper manufacturer got back these amounts from the consumer ; for the fact was , that this duty prevented the entering upon these speculations at all , and thus the country was deprived of many means of mental improvement . He came next to his second resolution , with regard to the stamp duty on newspapers , and he proposed that the house should resolve that
itwas expedient to abolish that duty . ( Hear , hear . ) It yielded about £ 350 , 000 per annum . He knew it was supposed by many that newspapers had the privilege of being carried through the post for nothing , and that in return they might fairly be expected to pay this amount . "Sow , he did not propose in the sli g htest degree to alter the postal part ofthe question , being quite prepared to admit that when a newspaper went through the post it should pay the stamp duty as ai present ; but when it did not pass through the post that there should not be a compulsory stamp imposed upon it ; and this system was at present adopted in the case of fiftythree _registered newspapers , who published portions of their impressions without a stamp , and the remainder with a stamp . Now , the privilege that
was granted to those fifty-three registered newspapers in London he wished in justice to see extended to all . What good reason was there , if they allowed Punch , the Atlienmim , the Builder , and others to publish such portions of their impressions as did not go through the po 3 t without a stamp , for not permitting the same privilege to the Daily News ? It might be said that the stamp on newspapers was a political question , and that it was necessary to be maintained in order tb keep up the respectability of our newspapers . But how did it operate as a security ? Wh y , there were those papers , Sam Slu , Paul Pru , and the Town , scurrillous papers ,
which circulated what he should call news , and news of the worst description , and who lived by libelling individuals , mentioning their names and naming their places of residence , and they hadheen declared by Mr . Keogh , the solicitor to tho stamp department of the Excise , not to be liable to the newspaper stamp . It was contended that the stamp duty on newspapers prevented the political press from circulating among the working classes . He asked , did it 1 ( Hear , hear . ) He knew it was irregular to produce newspapers in that house , otherwise he could have produced a bundle of unstamped publications as large as one , if not both of the red boxes on the table of the house—most of
them weekly periodicals , -which circulated amongst the great mass of the community , and which contained those very political theories whioh some hon . gentlemen fancied were kept exclusively in the hands of respectable people by the imposition of a stamp . He did not mean to deny that many of these unstamped publications were highly respectable , and were doing much good , but what he wished to point out to the house was , that they were all at liberty to spread p olitical iheories . The words of the Newspaper Stamp Act were , that any paper that ' * published _intelligence , news , or occurrences , or any remarks or observations thereon , " should be liable to the stamp duty . Some might perhaps fancy that those latter words , " remarks and observations , " would apply to the political observations which
appeared in the unstamped publications which he had mentioned . The lax */ , however , had no such effect . They gave their political theories without let or hindrance . The Stamp-office did not interfere with the promulgation of any speculative opinions whatever , provided they were not accompanied with the facts which were necessary to test the . accuracy ot the theories and guide the people who read them in forming a just opiuion thereupon , ( near , hear . ) They might give any opinions tbey pleased ; they might speculate upon religious or political matters to any extent they thought fit , so far as the Stampoffice was concerned ; hut they must not give facts . They might tell falsehoods , there was no tax upon _lies- ( laughter)—but they must not meddle with truth . ( Hear , hear . ) The
Stampofhee could only punish them if they gave tothe working classes the debates of that house , or tho proceedings of the courts of law . Was it fitting and right that such a state of things should exist ? To give the house some idea of the sort and extent of comments ' in which these publications were permitted to indulge , ihe hon . member quoted . a passage from a paper called the Lamp , ridiculing what it called "the solemn tomfooleries" of the dispute between the Bishop of Exeter and Mr . Gorham . If the law allowed men to say these things he held thai it ought also to allow them to publish the facts to which the comments referred . ( Hear . ) The hon . member then read an extract from Reynolds ' s Political Listructor , denouncing in strong terras the foreign and colonial policy of the government .
There was also a paper , the Weekly Tribune , on "the necessity of an entirely new organisation of society based on principles not opposed to , hut in accordance with , nature . " ( Laughter . ) After quoting an extract from Cooper ' s Journal . and Plain Speaker , commenting on the Queen ' s speech from the throne , the hon . member proceeded to say that the unstamped publications were the only papers that had access to ihe minds of the working people , in consequence of the law not allowing the higher class of newspapers to compete with them . The result was that there was no opportunity of supplying an antidote to the poison which those lower class of publications found ifc their interest to administer . Debarred frora recording facts , _ the conductors of the cheap press were compelled to rack
their brains for something to excite the passions or stimulate the imagination . Sometimes they did nothing more than act upon the nervous system . There was , for instance , the Terrific Record ;—that was for nervous people . ( Laughter . ) There was another weekly paper , the name of which he had at that moment forgotten , but which contained a horrible account of a duchess who had been murdered by a maniac , and another " story o f real life , " namely , " the Confessions of a Countess ; or the Life of Lola Montes . " ( "Hear , " and laughter . ) He had been informed by an eminent bookseller in Manchester , that he sold over his counter , every Saturday , 80 , 000 or 90 , 000 of these penny
nublieationsto the working classes , some of them political , some imaginative , and some religious . This bookseller tola him that he did not . believe there was one in fifty of his customers who would not prefer to purchase the papers containing the leading events of the day , but they could not afford the price . After quoting a strong opinion in favour of penny newspapers pronounced by Lord Brougham , when he ; was Chancellor , and a wish of the > present Chief Justice , when he was Mr ; CampbeU , that the working classes could have halfpenny' papers , the hon ; member said , a penny stamp on a penny ; paper was lOOper cent ' , " . and upon a halfpenny paper it was 300 perccnt .- "Wasthis a . tax ' wbichthehouse . _ _!';! .. - ¦ . . ' ; .,, ¦ : ¦' _. - . . " . ' :. .: , ' . ¦ _s _-:. y ' - ' - :. i .... . ....... _¦! . _' .... . -. , - ' -. . _•*• ;' . . _, i ' ul ... / _* . . is _& l ' J \ _—i . Vv
Monday, Aphil 15. Nouse Of Lords.—On The...
" - _^ r _^ 'iA _^ ft-f _^ _iTnTuni not for tbe sake of the rev _- 2 nU ? i _;« nn Se Sledge of J facts amongst the 0 ir ° tt o _™ ople ° ( Hear , hear . ) This has been _SfitP and , so _far ' _as _he . _waa . aware , never withdrawn ' He should be glad , indeed , to find that it was withdrawn , * for it would bo better to put the tax u pon a mere revenue foundation- than' as a matter of public policy to retain it for the purpose of preventing the circulation of a faithful record of facts among our fellow-countrymen . - With regard to the present stamped press , especially the daily journals , the change could not but bo beneficial to them also . Tho hon . member , after alluding to the difficulty of defining what a newspaper was , and the
conflicting decisions of the Solicitor of Stamps on the subject , showed the nature of some of tlie evasions resorted to . He held in his hand a specimen of a very ingenious dovice that had been resorted to by a publisher at Greenock for evading the stamp . This person himself informed him , that having given offence to the authorities by some political observations in a weekly unstamped paper of his , of the character of Chambers ' s Journal he was prosecuted for violation of thc Stamp Act , and finea for each of five numbers £ 25 . Hereupon ho diligently studied tho act , and , finding that printing upon cloth was not within the prohibition , he set to work and printed his journal upon cloth , giving matter " savouring of' intelligence , " without tho penny
stamp , and calling his paper the Greenock News Clout , sent it forth despite the Solicitor to tbo Stamp-office . ( Laughter . ) Unless ifc was proposed to establish a censorship , making the Solicitor : to the Stamp-office the judgo what publication should be read , and what not read , they must do one of two things . ; they must either repeal the stamp duty on newspapers altogether , or they must enforo the law fairly and indiscriminately , and permit no competition between tax-paying newspapers and untaxed newspapers . ( Hear , hear . ) Let all men bear the burden equally , or relieve all from ifc . As tb the revenue of £ 350 , 000 from this source , it would not be wholly lost , for there would'still be payable , according to his plan , all the stamp duty upon
newspapers sent by post . Now there were at present some 80 , 000 , 000 of compulsory stamps issued for newspapers , and upon Mr . Rowland Hill ' s data ifc would appear that of these about 70 , 000 , 000 now passed through the post . He would not say that the whole of these 70 , 000 , 000 would continue to pass through the post , but he believed he mig ht fairly calculate that a largo proportion of them would still stamp themselves for that purpose , and ho was strengthened in that supposition by the vast numbers of fche 53 registered publications which stamped themselves for the post , and for the post only . ( Hear , hear . ) But , even did he ask the house to sacrifice a greater portion ofthe £ 350 , 000 than he honestly believed would be sacrificed' he felt that
the sacrifice would be richly compensated by the inestimable boon which would be conferred upon the nation by the circulation of cheap-newspapers among the masses . ( Hear , hear . ) There was no sound reason why newspapers should nofc be as cheap here as they were in other countries , why the poor man should not have his penny weekly paper , or even his penny dail y paper . Of course , for papers oh which a higher class of intellect was employed , higher payment must be made ; but the working man might still have his penny newspaper , giving him the leading facts of the passing time , and , further , information as _> to the best mode and place of employing himself . -vOnc word as to the bearing of the subject ; upon the law of theland .
You held that no man was ignorant of the law , _* you would permit no man who appeared before a criminal tribunal to plead that he did not know the law ; and yet you prevented the circulation of cheap newspapers throughout the country , of those proceedings in the courts of justice , which were tlie only practical mode by which a general knowledge ofthe laws they were to obey could reach the people . ( Hear , hear . ) He trusted that-the house would not permit the consideration of £ 200 , 000 or £ 300 , 000 , even supposing the sacrifice so much , to interfere with the enunciation of a great-principle . • . _. - . Mr . Cowas seconded the motion , and described the peculiarly oppressive effects of the paper duty , the-incubus of which , with tlie Excise restrictions ,
checked improvements in the manufacture . British paper formed but a trifling articlo of our exports . The _CnAKCELLOB-of the Exchequer would be always glad to remove taxation when he had the means of doing so ; but he had already appropriated his surplus in a manner which was not disapproved , and he declined to commit himself by a declaration against any particular tax until he had the power or dealing with ifc . With respect to the paper duty , he controverted the statements of Mr , Gibson and Mr . Cowan as to tho vexatious regulations of thc Excise , reading documents to show that no excisable article was subject to so few restrictions as _pciper . Every suggestion- for the improvement of tho manufacture had been carried out with the cooperation of tho Excise Commissioners . The amount of the duty was increasing , being £ 5 Sl , 000 in 1 S 40 , and £ 810 , 000 in 1849 . Adding this to the amount of the other duties comprehended iri'Mr .
Gibson's resolutions , the total was £ 1 , 370 , 000 ; and he hoped the house would forgive him for suggesting a few reflections upon these successive proposals for the repeal of taxes . Ho was- nofc more nervous than a Chancellor of the Exchequer ought , to be respecting our finances ; but he could not look without serious anxiety at the course whicli a portion of the house seemed ' disposed to pursue . If all these taxes were to be given up , either fresh direct taxes must be imposed , or the expenditure reduced , whereas all the services had been already voted , and it was impracticable to diminish expenditure to such an extent . By adopting these resolutions the house would , by its own deliberate act , create a deficiency of revenue , which would place the country in a position in which fears of repudiation might be entertained ; for if the house caused a deficiency , without providing for it , the public creditor might naturally apprehend that tho credit of the country could nofc be maintained . Mr . Hume had a motion
on the paper to-night for ihe repeal of Custom duties to the amount of - £ 1 , 538 , 000 , so that ifc was proposed in one night to vote away nearly £ 3 , 000 , 000 . He thought it would bo unwise and discreditable to do so and that the house should not even pledge itself that these taxes should be dealt with next session . Taking the motion as a whole , ifc would , in his opinion , be an act of political suicide to throw away the financial advantages we now possessed , and he called upon the house to negative the motion . ¦ .: - ' • _- Mr . Home said , if our large military establishments were reduced there would be an ample margin for repealing these taxes , as well as the window tax , and the duties he proposed to abolish . Let
these and all obnoxious taxes bo removed , supply additional means of diffusing Knowledge , thereby diminishing crime , and the country would-then enjoy real relief . . Mr . _Ewaht . recommended the substitution of direct for indirect taxation by increasing its rate upon property , thereby extending labour and cheapening production , which was the true policy of this country . . .. . Mr . _Aguokbt waa obliged to vote against the motion , which , whatever its effect , could be of no practical advantage to the country . ¦ . Colonel Thompson hoped to he excused from voting with Mr . Gibson , because he did not consider that by doing so he did more than , express a hope that the Chancellor of the Exchequer would
remove these taxes . Mr . Roebuck denied that this was a matter for a Chancellor of the Exchequer or of fiscal regulation —it was a question affecting education and the moral condition of the country . He believed that no proposition could be of equal importance to that of Mr . Gibson , because tho people of this country were now asking for education , and if ifc was not given to them , there were Republicans and Socialists and Communists on the other side . uf tho water , who , if we did not give the people a right education , would give them a wrong one . The multitude were at present rising up ; they could hot bo prevented from obtaining political power ; and how great would be the evil of an ignorant multitude being in possession of the power of regulating the affairs of this gigantic empire ! Ho would teach them to understand their own interests , and then they would minister to the interests of mankind . - . ' . :,
Lord J . _JtussEu _, recapitulated some of the objections offered to the motion by Sir C . Wood , who , ho thought , had . taken a right view of the question when he asked the house to consider its effects upon the general interests of the country as regarded public credit . Itwas the duty ofthe government to see . fchat thecredifc was , not shaken , and to p lace distinctl y ; before the house the consequences of adopting the proposed resolutions . The governments with which he had been connected had not been indifferent to these taxes . Lord Althorp had reduced the advertisement duty and Lord Mohteagle had diminished the stamp duty on newspapers , and the excise duty on paper . These reductions amounted to £ 775 , 000 . upon the very articles referred torn Mr . Gibson ' s motion ; and if no other taxes were more objectionable , he should be ready to reduce them still
, further or abolish them altogether . He , however ,. thought there had been great exaggerations as to the advantages of abolishing these , taxes , which wave . invidiously termed "taxes upon knowled ge" Ifc was very desirable that the people should have political intelligence ; hut much of the matter contained in newspapers was , hardly to' be dignified with the name of knowledge . With regard to the higher class of newspapers , the reason ; why their price was so high was that thoy wero put to an amazing expense to obtain early intelligence . The state of France , to wliich Mr' Roebuck had , alluded , was nofc owing to the want of newspapers or of education * but from the newspapers _„ attacking government in ' the _Abstract , and ; fromithe schoolmasters end eavourihg _. to . render religion odious , ille ' asked _% _kouse io rej _^ i . ' . " a " , ' _$ . ' / . ' . ' _/ : y _.. ' , _! ' ¦ - _£ . ' ; . ' . . _- ' . ' v . - _« _i _»^' , V ' _-- v , jv
Monday, Aphil 15. Nouse Of Lords.—On The...
Mr Gibson in many of his . objections ; but this was nbt'a ' tinie when the '/ house Bhoiild ' condemn taxes ' necessary for the support of' public credit and bf establishments essential to the defence of the country / IIo asked them , therefore , to concur with him in rejecting the motion , and thereby show to the country their determination to maintain its credit , and that they were worthy of the people they represented . Mr , Disraeli reminded the house that the question immediately before them related simply to the duty on paper ; but , he could not view the question entirely apart from the financial exposition of the government . He held ifc to ho a general rule that two considerations ought to influence a'financial Minister in dealing with a surplus—first , the relief of any suffering interest ; and if- there were none , secondly , the reduction of the public debt . Believhe . _ * _:.,-.. „~ r .. ; . _
ing that there was an interest greatly suffering had proposed to relieve ifc ; but the government had opposed this proposition , and instead of devoting the surplus to a reduction of thodebfc , they had so applied it as to leave a portion of it _unappropriated , and Mr . Gibson asked that a part should be applied to repeal the duty upon paper . He ( Mr . Disraeli ) had to consider , then , whether upon the whole , it was most forthe advantage ofthe country that that duty should bo repealed , or that the Chancellor of the Exchequer should remain in _poscssion of this fund- without any security tiiat he would discreetly apply it , for ho had not stated what ho intended to do with the Stamp Act . There might be two op inions as t © the other resolutions , but his opinion was , that ifc would he prudent , politic , and beneficial to the country to repeal ; the papor duty .
The house having divided , tho resolution was negatived by 190 to 89 . The other resolutions were negatived without a division . ' * " Industrial Investments . —Mr . Slanky then rose to movo for a select committee to consider and suggost meaua of removing obstacles and giving facilities to safe investments for the savings of the middle and working classes , and fov affording them the means of forming societies to insuro themselves against coming evils frequently recurring . The richer the person and the larger the investment the less did it cost in proportion . Now , taking a man possessed of £ 5 , 000 as representing the richer class he miirhfc invest that sura " in land at a cost of only
£ 2 l 0 s . per cent ., or £ 125 . A man possessed of only £ 500 mig ht represent the middle class , but tlie investment of that sum in land would cost him £ 10 per cent ., or £ 50- ; whilst a man possessed : of only £ 50 could not invest ifc for less than £ 20 per cent ., or £ 10 . That gave the humbler _classesa strong claim to . relief being afforded to them in some other modo of investment . It might bo said they could invest in the public funds ; but they might invest when the funds were high , and be obliged to aelL out when the funds were low , and thereby lose a part of their capital . There was already an example for-what he proposed .-The other day a large lodging-house for tho humbler classes had been established in this metropolis , in shares , yielding profit ,
and ho believed that the noble lord at the head of the government and the Chancellor of the Exchequer , as well as the noble lord lately at the . head of fche Woods and Forests , were partners in it . A charter had been granted , to it , and it was being carried on by joint capital . But the local improvemenns which he proposed could not at present be undertaken without a separate act of parliament in each case . He asked , then , only that the same principle should be applied in this case as was applied for the kindod gentry a short time sipco for the enclosure of commons , at a comparatively small expense . He did not ask the government to give anything , but to afford to the humbler classes the means of a safe investment for their small savings .
If the government thought his motion was too extensive , and refused it , ho trusted they would consider tho subject , for he felt confident that , for the encouragement of the middle and humbler classes _,, and attaching them to this country , nothing was of more consequence than to give them every facility for the safe investment of what they had obtained by thoir labour and diligence . Mr , Labouciiere had great pleasure in stating , he did net feel it necessary to oppose the motion of his hon . friend . No one could doubtthat the object of his hon . friend was of the . utmost importance , and ho thought ifc probable that the committee might obtain valuable information on various topics connected _, with it : at the same time , some of those
topics were , of great difficulty . He agreed with his hon . friend , that it was of great consequence for industrious persons among the humbler classes to have greater facilities than they now . possessed of investing their savings in ah easy and safe manner , and he should be glad by every means in his power to remove the obstacles to carrying out that object . Tlie inquiry , however , would involve serious questions connected with the law of partnershi p , upon which point he would refer to the evidence g iven by many of the most eminent men in tbe _mercantile world , before the committeo of 1837 . But he would suggest to his hon . friend the propriety of altering the terms of his motion , as the latter part of it was not very clear . The first part ofit was for a select committeo to consider and suggest means of
removing obstacles , and giving facilities to safe investments for the sayings of the middle and working classes , and so far was clear enough ; but the latter part of it , " and for affording them the means of forming societies to insure themselves against coming evils frequently recurring , " was obscure . The hon . member had better omit the words . Mr . P . Howard hoped tho committee would direct its attention to tho removal of the difficulties with which building societies had to contend . Mr . Slaney said he might defend the phraseology of his motion by high , authority — " Coming events cast their , shadows before them ; " but nevertheless he would omit the passage which had been objected to . . The motion , as amended , was agreed to .
. WEDNESDAY , April 17 th . ' HOUSE OF COMMONS . —Education Bill . —On the motion . for the second reading of this bill Mr . Stafford moved that it be read that day six months . In a speech of considerable length , he cautioned the house neither to outrage the religious opinions ofthe country , nor to accede to a new system of centralization of a most objectonable nature . The country had a strong feeling against merely secular education , and both tho National Society and the British and Foreign School Society were opposed to ifc . ; He regarded the Bill as an assault upon civil and religious liberty , and concluded by solemnly denouncing the establishment of schools in which the name of the Redeemer would never be heard : .
The Earl of _AnvsDEh and _Subbex" seconded the motion , and as a Catholic , declared indignant hostility to a system in . which religion was nofc made the first consideration . He dwelt upon the demoralization which he said had been caused in France by the adoption of the new system of education , and proceeded to denounce a variety of cheap works published in England , and reprinted here , from America , and in which the history and character of the Saviour were treated with apparent devotion and admiration , while in reality the
Gospel narrative was discarded , and the language it placed in the mouth of Christ was described as inconsistent and -unworthy of Him . Asserting that such publications wero favoured by the atheistic school which produced this Bill , he declared that we were gathering for the great battle between reli g ion and infidelit y , God and the Devil , Heaven and Hell . Mr . RoEBbcic contended thatthe attack of the previous speaker was unjust , and that secular education did not mean atheism . He said that the
hostility of Lord Surrey to the bill arose from the fact that secular education withdrew the people from a meddling priesthood , whom he insisted on calling a Church , which it was not . He ( Mr . Roebuck ) was just as much a , minister of the church , when teaching his children , as any priest in the work ! . This was a question not of religion , but of policy . He named nine different religious parties who had to decide on this bill , and said ihat if they all came together and opened the Bible , no one would agree with another as to what its teaching meant . How , then , was it possible for Parliament to afford religious education ? . And so we were to do nothing just because , we were a Christian nation . ,
Lord Ashley said that it was impossible to . _over--rate the importance of this question ; and he der nouhcedin the most solemn way the , system of teaching which , while it effected to impress Christian upon a _chilil , denied him the acknowledge that the founder of that morality was the Son of his God . He argeed _, against tbe enactment on the ground of the extensive . interference it would exert over all the educational , bodies in the country , on the _giourid ' that it would . cause an immediate levy of taxes , to . the amount of upwards of two millions , but chiefly on the ground that it was a . , scheme withholding Christianity from the people . ' Mr . Monckton Milnes thought that the opponents . ef the measure ought to have brought forward a plan of education ( which there ; oouldhe no _doubt . was demanded by the country , ) which . should combine the religious and , the secular conditions .. '
Lord J IlussEiiii said , in ; Bpeaking of this bill he wished to avoid as much as _ possible all intemperance , arid to make every admission which was fairly duo to the author of the bill and to the biil itself . . ' In the first place , it could not be denied that there was . a lamentable want of-education amongst the poorer classes , arid that it was desirable that Parliament should , endeavour to remedy the deficiency "; in the next place , he thought it would be unjust to infer that if the , schools proposed by this bill woreestablished , it would follow . ' as _anecessarY consequence , Ihat tho doctrines inculcated in the'ivritih ™ referred to by-Lord Arundel _> rbuld be prevalent ambiicft the teachers . But he thought uny education on a Sv secuIa _^ basisOTiiJd . i _' _ie . lamenta ' Wy _^ sufficient ¦• and that any scholastic -system , in whieh the immortal _naVi-nf _mnn woW . bi lo 5-triisSjt . of ; would ( u _^ _rScumtencf _* of he greatest _necaaratyj be . a " , ead' W _& mi _^™ d &
Monday, Aphil 15. Nouse Of Lords.—On The...
charge of our duties : He _^ _mVQ _^^' _J _^^ m with the liberties of ErieliiKuieni aha with the character of the important element . V A . . power was proposed to be given tothe Committee of FriVyCouncil fo force a system Lon the nation , _andme thought , the enormous- power of taxation which was also to _^ he f * iven was . most objectionable . The Bill had not at all been what-he expected , and he should therefore support Mr . Stafford ' s amendment . He wished however , that parliament had more information upon tlie subject , after obtaining which thequestion might be reconsidered . .: - _,. Jlr . Hume supported the Bill / , and said that Mr . Fox ' s statements on Introducing it had not been answered . ' He expressed great regret at the unexpected and inconsistent conduct of Lord John Russell , , .. . The Marquis of Blandford spoke against the Bill . _liiiii _... " „; ,.. _j ., _« id- _Wfi--tKoueTit ~ t _**» _"TiUl iiicompatible
Upon tlie motion of Mr , _Chisholm _Anstet , tho debate was then adjourned for a fortnight , The orders ot the day were then disposed of .
THURSDAY , April 18 . HOUSE OF LORDS . —The Marquis of Lansdowne moved the second reading of the Pirates ' Head Mosey Bill . A short discussion took place , and the bill was read a second time . HOUSE OF COMMONS . —National Land Company . — -Mr . T . Duncombe presented a petition from 2 , 000 members of the Nottingham branch , declaring their confidence in the honesty and integrity of Mr . O'Connor , but praying that in consequence of fche difficulty of carrying the Land scheme into effect tho House would pass a bill to wind up the affairs of the Company ; by Sir J . _Pechell , from the members at Brighton , complaining of attacks which had been made on Mr . O'Connor , and alleging that one of the " allottees " sublet his land at one period for more than thc sura for which Mr , O'Connor let it to him .
Sir Benjamix Hall -reminded the hon .. and learned member for _Nottingham ( Mr , F , O'Connor ) that he hud given notice of introducing a bill for winding up tfie affairs of the Land Company as early as possible after the recess ; he wished to ask if that was still hia intention , and if so , whether it would be a public or a private bill ! Mr . F . O'Connor said tho hon . baronet was correct in saying , that ho had stated it to bo his intention to introduce the bill in question aa aoon as possible , after Easter . The truth was , that ho had
not been able to be in the house until the night before last , having been ill since before Easter , but hebegged to tell thehon . baronet that ho had appointed the next morning for a consultation with Mr . Walmsley _. of 21 , Parliament-street , ' with a view of accomplishing the object . He had now a question to pufc to tho hon . baronet . He begged to ask him whether ifc was true that he was once a trustee of the funds of a number of poor people in . hia neighbourhood . ; ( Cries of ' ¦ order , " and laughter , amidst which the hon . and learned member resumed
his seat . ) " . ,, ' . On the house going into committee on the Larceny Summary Jurisdiction Bill ' - . Sir B . Hall rose , and requested tho indulgence of the house whilst he said a few words in relation to what had fallen from , the honourable and learned member for -Nottingham . - ( Cries . of " Order , order . " ) , The Speaker said the honourable baronet must iake some other opportunity of making any explanation he ' wishedto give . The motion was that the Speaker do leave the chair , - and the honourable baronet must speak to that question . Sir B . Hall said he would then move ihe adjournment of the debate . ( Hear . ) ¦ The Speaker said the honourable baronet was still out of order . ( Hear , and a laugh . )
- Sir B . Iull begged then to say that to-morrow he would take an opportunity , on the motion for the adjournment of the house , to make his explanation ; and he challenged the honourable and learned member for _Nottingham to be then in his place . ( Hear . ) ' - ' .-Mr . O'Connor , amidst loud cries of " order , " intimated , as was understood , that he would be present . ¦ _- .: ; : : _,: On the motion for going into Committee on the Larceny Summary Jurisdiction Bill ,
Mr . M'Cullagh moved that the Committee be gone into that day _. six months , which was negatived . Sir G . Strickland moved as an amendment , the omission of the whipping provision as regarded offenders exceeding li , and under 16 . ¦ ' - Mr . Roebuck , in vehemently opposing the whipping clause , produced a certain sensation , by significantly asking whether there was no scion of . " a distinguished family" who had committed petty larceny at the age of 16 , and what would have been the feelings of his famil y had he been sentenced to be whipped . Tlie Committee then divided , when the numbers
were— _= For the amendment ... ... -170 For the original words ... ... 89 Majority againsfc . the original words—81 : The Bill then passed through Committee . On the motion that the Marriages Bill go into committee , a long discussion ,, on a motion for ; its postponement took place , andthe debate was ultimately adjourned . .
. FRIDAY , April 10 , HOUSE OF COMMONS . —The National Land _Company . ~ On the motion that the house at its rising do adjourn till Monday , Sir B . Hall rose , pursuant to the notice he had given on the preceding evening , to call upon the hon . and iearned member for _Nottingham for an explanation of the allusion he had then made to him ( Sir B ; Hall ) . Mr . F . _O'Coxnob . rose , but The Speaker intimated that he had thought ifc right to interfere on the last occasion when . M heard thai the question about tobe asked by the
hon . and learned member related to a private and not to a public circumstance , and that being so , the matter of it was not within the cognisance ofthe house . : _c ' : Mr . O ' Connor said the only explanation he could give was , that what , he had said had arisen from a letter he had received , and which he now had with him , and the . purport of which . he would communicate to the hon . baronet , if he chose to have it . It appeared that the hon . baronet was allowed to put questions to , him ( Mr . O'Connor ) , but that he was not permitted to ask any in return , However , he bowed to the decision of tho chair . -
The Spearer said he was not aware that the hon . baronet had ' put any questions to the hon . and learned member which were nofc strictly ,, in accordance with the rules of the house . The question the hon . baronet had asked , related to the decision ofa committee in regard to a bill to he brought beforo the house , * while the question put by the hon . and learned member did not relate to a matter in the cognisance of the house . Sir B . Hall bowed to the decision of the chair ; but while he sincerel y desired to show every deference to the house , he might at least say . that , if he betrayed a tendency to pugnacity on the last occasion , it mig ht have been excusable on account of the manner . of the _hpn . gentleman . He , would content
himselfwith saying that he had not put any question to the hpn . and learned member that did not relate to . any public question , and -although he would never make that house , devoted to public business , the scene of private and personal discussions , yet he should not swerve froin the path of public , duty he had chalked out ,, and , therefore , ; the hon . and learned gentleman having said ho had consulted competent persons as to the course he ought to pursue , he now gave notice , that on Tuesday , the 30 th of April , he should ask the hon . member , with reference to the bill so often . alluded to , when he intended to move for leave " to bring in a ' measure for winding up the ; affairs of the National Land Company , and whether that bill would be a public or a private one ?
Mr . O Connor said that if the honourable baronet chose he . would answer thequestion . at once . He had told the honourable baronet yesterday , not that _. he had . consulted , but that he was going to consult Mr . "Walmsley to day . He had consulted that gentleman , and was advised that before he could move" for'leave to bring in ; a' bill . 'he ' , must give lioticc'three times by advertisement , in the papers circulating hi the counties where the property was situated , as well as in the Gazette . . Perhaps the honourable baronet washot aware that the question had been for some time beforo the Court bf Queen ' s Bench , ' whether tho _^ Registrar-General was bouiid under the act to register the Company ,
Theseproceedings had cost htm a great deal of money . - The hearing was to take place " on "Wednesday or Saturday next ; and , if the court decided that the registrar ought to have registered the , Company , then there would be ho difficulty in winding up the affairs , under the . Joint Stock Coihpanies Acfc ; . bufc , if the decision was the other way , theu it was his intention to hand over the property to three trustees . 'in order that the people might have ' . the entire advantage of the money they had invested ' and then to petition tho house for leave to bring " j ' . _fl private bill to wind up the ' affairs ' of . '" the National . Land Company . He hoped this explanation yfassaUsfivctory to the honourable baronet . " . ; . The adjourriiheht wasthen carried .
me nouse , then . _^ went mto committee on ; Tub Australian Coloniss ' _iBill , and the , discussion was ad journed till Monday . \ ' _.,. ; .
S' ' < This Charge Of Dutieshe^ ^^' •-¦¦...
8 * .. _.. E . HE _. xN _^ R-T _. _aERfH _S'TAR _. ' _< _^ _i-eil , 20 ,. i 85 n - - ¦— ' i in ' _¦ - ¦ // _MLv 1 t :- I
The :Wini>Ow Duty. —Sir George Pechell, ...
The : WiNi > ow Duty . —Sir George Pechell , has obtained his annual , return , which was printed bn Saturday last , connected ' . with the window . duty . . Tho ampuntasae ' ssed in the year onding _tho oth of April was ' - £ 1 , 893 , 983 , and the net amount _roeeiveil was £ 1 , 813 , 629 . . The number of houses ' . charged _,. was _, 4 S 7 , 'i : ll . ' In _., Manchester there " , were ,. _7 , 75 i [ houses charged , the duty on which . assessed , was £ 2 i ; 925 , ' ' an ( i the amount received / : £ 20 , 57 _*) . ' _. In Liverpool the . number ofhouses was 11 , 342 , and . the amoqnt ' assessed £ 32 , 461 , and the amount received : £ 2 S _$ ti ;¦ whilst , at ; _Bir _^ _ing _^ _am -the ,: _:, numb ei _^/ of houses . charged ' with _; duty ; , was 5 , 423 , ; the , _tluty ; " assessed / was ' £ _icji ' 6 i , - and . ihe , amount " received £ U : ® 0 r "" - * - " . _-iviiihr _-d-X-h ] XX'X : _^
•-¦¦-- •---•• - ^Ii Yr^S-^Sessi^^ Illega...
• - ¦¦ -- --- •• _- _^ ii yr _^ s- _^ _sESSi _^^ iLLEGAtlOT _OPSBeTTWG IiMs . —The en _i ' " Monday at Clerkenweli , for theVrDo _s _^ fV on appeals against thb refusal of the divisional _** " _>« to grant _antoenew public house _licensos . ii a 3 ti _*« 8 geant Adams ,, the assistan t judge , _m- _« i " i 0 T " ' ser . first case on the list was an _appealbykin ,, ! rc , Thtj against the refusal of the justices of the _ar ¦ . ea " . e St . _Martih-in-the-Fields , to renew a W Sl 0 * i of _theO Geo . IV . , c . Gl , to sell _^ ciSe £ _^ He the house called tbe Salisbury Arms Burh _' " Q Strand ; Counsel having been heard twV " ' t't Judge _' said the bench was unanimous _' lv r . f **•« " ( that those hotting lists were * ' _wamin _* - >» _^ P'nion _r i _... n _u-. "; : i ..,..:. — _t . ., _*» " " o- and tiw * _MIDDLESEX-R-rSct _^ _ts" _^^
the trade would have a distinct intimation th " _^ i licenses of those who persisted in kceDin < , _v tll " i lists would bo endangered ; and the m _% below had taken a very judicious course in *! " * *" " * -- " the matter forward . Any future infract ;™ " _$ *" _? Jaw in this respect would bo severely X ft -to and this the bench wish to be _utidcvsS ' _" ' ¦•'» license was granted , with £ 10 costs to be nai Ik " _"' " ' " appellant , with this intimation also , that I y a discontinue the betting lists . ne musfc In the case of _Joseph Ban * , of the Wind-m ,. n " and the case of Saffory Middleton , of thl A Swan Long-acre , the renewal of whose linen , r beeii refused on the same _groumls w , * W granted , upon promises that betting l [ st 3 1 :. , _^ discontinued in their houses , each of th » c » " * _^ lants paying £ 10 costs . leSe " «
Music and Dancing LicENSEs . _—Tnig appeal against a refusal to renew the licc _nso _? « i Hope , Stephen-street , Lisson-grore . 3 ir jr .. _^ . stone said he opposed this appeal on behalf „ fT * justices , who refused to renew the license n l ground that the appellant had suffered musi dancing and card playing in his house , but m *• particularly for the manner in which the aDDpl | , a facilitated the escape from his house ofa man wh " a woman accused of robbing her in the room wh the dancing was going on . "When the officers arriv _^ the gas was turned off , and the man got _mL I ';
he was afterwards taken , tried in this court ' art sentenced to six months' hard lai _/ ow . Theft ! were _comammcatfed to tha jurstieos b y the Cornm sioners of Police , and the justices felfc bound t _^" refuse the license—After some discussion tt license was renewed , with an intimation that tha music and dancing was to be discontinued , and tint all publicans who had music and _danctni in their houses , and had their licenses refused in Q g , quence , would have but little chance of success on appeal to the Quarter Sessions . Granted , with an order on appellant for £ 10 costs .
British College Of Iiealtii,. Jxew-Road,...
BRITISH COLLEGE OF IIEALTII . _jXew-road , London . TO THE _FINANCIAL & SOCIAL REFORMED- - THROUGHOUT GREAT BRITAIN . Fellow-Coustrtmen , —Prove , as most easil y yon can , how ihe doctors ior ages cheated the people on thequestion oi their health , and all the ref orms that you demand must follow , and that , too , in quid succession . The dishonest y of the medical bodycaa be most easily established . "We are , Fellow-Countrymen , Yours in tfie cause oi Salutary Reforms , , The Members oi * iiie British College April 11 th , 1850 . or Health .
Amew, &
_amew _, &
Corn.. Mabk-Saj-J-, Monday, April 15—The...
CORN . . _Mabk-SAJ-J-, Monday , April 15—The supplies of all English grain to-day were short , but we have had large arrivals of foreign wheat , barley , oats , and beans , since this day _se ' _miiglit , with some turther quantity of flour . The _wfewt trade was very ( lull , the best samples of English selling is and inferior sorts 2 s per qr . under last Monday's prices . Foreign wheat was offered Is to 2 s loiver _, according to quality , but met very few buyers . There was no alteration in flour , but sales were quite retail . 1 'ine English barley sold fully as dear , having very little here , and the _bestsorts of foreign were taken off at full prices , but all inferior samples were rather cheaper , with a sion- sale . Malt neglected . Pme dry beans and peas , both white _andgwy , maintained their prices . Oats sold heavily unless tine , and _6 d to ls cheaper , owing to the supply . Tares were almost nominal . Cloverseeds very dull sale at reduced prices . In linseed cakes no alteration . The current prices asunder . . '
Bnnisn . _—^ eat—Essex , Suffolk , and Kent , red , _netr 3 * 3 to 37 s , ditto white 30 s to 41 s , Lincoln , Norfolk , and Yorsshire , red SOs to 34 s ,. Northumberland and Scotch , ivWte SOs to 35 s , ditto red 30 s to 33 s , Devonshire and _Somsrset _. shire , red , —s to —s , ditto white — to —s , rye , 21 s to 23 s , barley , 20 s to 23 s , _ScotclrlOs to 2 _ls , Angus—sto- « , Malt ordinary , —s to — s , pale 40 s to 49 s , peas , grey , new 20 s to 22 s , maple 28 s to 2 as , white 22 s to 23 s , boilers net ? "Ms to 26 s , beans , large , new 19 s to 20 s , ticks 20 s to 22 s , harrow , 23 s to ' -Ss , pigeon , 25 s to 209 , oats , Lincoln and Yorkshire feed , 13 s to lus , ditto I _' oland and potato , 15 s to 17 s , Berwick and Scotch , 15 s to 18 s , Scotch feed , 13 s to 14 s , Irish feed and black , 12 s to 14 s , ditto potato , 14 s to 16 s , linseed ( sowing ) 50 s to 52 s , rapeseed , Essex , new £ 30 to £ 31 per last , carraway seed , Essex , _netr 27 s to 32 s per cwt , rape cake , £ i to £ 410 s per ton , lin _. seed , £ 9 Os to £ 9 10 s . per 1 , 000 , flour , per sack of 28011 s , Ship , 24 s to 26 s , town , SSs to 37 s .
" ? oBEtO !* . -- '\ Vheat . — _Eantziu , 38 s to _ios , Anhalt and Marks , 33 to 39 s , ditto white , SOs to 39 s , Pomeranian red , 35 s to 37 s , Rostock 33 s to 42 s , Danish , Holstein , and Friesland , 30 s to 83 s , Petersburgh , Archangel , and Riga , 28 s to 31 s , Polish Odessa , 30 s to 34 s , Jfarianopoli , and Berdiauski , SOs to 32 s , Taganrog , 28 s to . 31 s , Brabant and French , 32 s to 31 s , ditto white , 31 s to 38 s , Salonica , 28 s to 31 s , Egyptian , 22 s to 24 s , rye , 19 s to 21 s , barley , Wismit and Rostock , 16 s to 10 s , Danish , IBs to 22 s , Saal , lis to IDs , East Friesland , 13 s to 14 s , Egyptian , 12 s to 13 s , Datiuifi 12 s to 14 s , peas , white , 22 s to 23 s , new boilers , 2 _'s to
25 s , beans , horse , 18 s to 22 s , pigeou , 23 s to 24 s , _Egjp _* tiau , 18 s to 20 s , oats , Groningen , Danish , Bremen , and Friesland , feed and black , 10 s to 12 s , ditto , thick and brew 13 s to 16 s , Eiga , I _' _etcrsbui'gh , Archangel , and _Stredis & i '•» Jo 13 s , flour , United States , y , er 10011 * 3 ., 20 s to 22 s , Hamburgh 19 s to 21 s , Dantzig and Stettin 20 s to 21 s , French per 28 01 bs ., 2 Ss to 30 s . " Wednesday , April 17 . —VCe have again to report a large supply of grain to this market , as per statement below . The accounts from most of our provincial and country markets advise us ofa dull trade and declining prices . ITe aro to-day without activity on our market , but the rates oi Monday may be considered without alteration .
Arrivals this week : — Wheat—English , 1 , 350 quarters ; foreign , 10 , 310 quarters . Barley—English , 1 , 810 quarter *; foreign , G _. 3 S 0 quarters . Oats—English , 1 _. S 70 quarters ; foreign , 2 o * , 060 quarters . Flour—English , 2 _. S 60 sacks . RicnjiosD ( YoBKsnuiE , ) April 13 . —We had a fair supply of grain iu our mrii'ket this morning , ivhiuh was all soli * off , but there was no advance on last week ' s prices . Wheat sold froin 4 s 3 d to os Cd ; oats , Is lOd to 2 sCd ; barley , 3 s Od to 3 s Gd ; beans , 3 s 6 d to 33 9 d per bushel .
BREAD . The prices of wheaten bread in the metropolis are bo " Gd . to _Gid . ; of household ditto , 4 d . to Sid . per 4 fts . loaf _.
CATTLE . SMiTHFiEtD , Monday , April 15 . —With foreign stock our market was very scantily supplied , while its general Quality was by no means first-rate . The numbers of lionwJ £ " beasts on offer this morning were considerably less _{ _* _**"» thoso exlibited " on this day se ' nnight . Their condition ¦ was , howeuer , prime . Notwithstanding ihe utlfaVOUraW " " weather for slaughtering , the beet trade , owing to tlieCOB . * paratively small supplies of meat in Xewgate and _leaaenhall , ruled firm , at an advance on the prices of iionttay last of quite 2 d per Slbs ., the primest Scots _selUnj readuj efiecteJ i
at 3 s Cd per Slbs ., aud a good clearance wis ' . - w » Norfolk , Suffolk , Esses , and Cambridgeshire we receiveii 1 , 700 Scots and Shorthorns ; from other parts ot Eng anil , 500 Herefords , Runts , Devons , A-c . ; and from _Scotlano . 210 Soots . There was a slight fa »'» S > * : f , u p , 'i , ? , sheep j yet it proved seasonably extensive . All Di ' teus sold freely , and the quotations improved Sd per » _u > -. Prime old Downs , iu the wool , realised Is 2 d to 4 s lid ; _mose out of the wool , _SsCdto 3 s Sd per Slbs . We liad an improved demand for lambs , at 2 d per Slbs . more monej . Prime Down breeds went . at os lOd per Slbs , The s ! _\ * f calves was inactive , yet prices were _lairly supported _, pigs very little was doing , at late rates . .,-, Beasts o _«
Head of Cattle at Ssiitupield . —Friday . — , i sheep , 3 , 010 ; calves , 260 ; pigs , 300 . Mondaj . - Beasts , 3 , 295 ; sheep , 19 , 830 ; calves , 92 ; pigs , 210 . . .... Price per stone of Slbs . ( sinking the offul . ) -Beof , 2 s f ' " 3 s 5 d ; mutton , 2 s lOd to is 4 d ; veal , Ss Od to os lua > pork , 3 s 2 d to 4 s Od . f * s _** . v" 6 A'sb J . SB _LEkiimHiLL , _Mc-ntlav , April lo , —li ' ™ beoi ; Is lOd to 2 s 2 d middling ditto , 2 a 4 d to 2 s fid ; _P * " _* ' _* large , 2 s Sd to 2 s lOd ; prime small , 3 s Od to 3 s 2 d " ! ' _- _""V _* pork , 2 s lOd to 3 s 4 d -, inferior mutton , 2 s 2 d _tc- 's ou , middling ditto / is 8 _d to 2 s lOd ; prime ditto , 3 s Od to 3 s w , veal , 2 i 10 d . to 3 s 6 d ; smaU pork , 3 s Gd to is oa , _lainhs , 4 s 8 d to 5 s 8 d ; per 81 bs . by the carcase ,
. ; _PRoyisiqiSB . .. Londo * _-, Monday . —Since our last tho demand for Irisn butter slackened , _n ' tid the iratisfietions last week _WCte OB a more limited scale . The stock has further diminished i tho market , however , closed dulL The supplies of _foreig 0 wore large , and prices for the best kinds 4 s to Gs per cwtcheaper . Bacon . —Rather more was doiug in Irish of n 1 " 11 cure , at ls . advance . There was a steady sale for American , at last _quofations . Iu hams and lavd _KfllOT any variation . . Engwsu _Boti-ter Market , April 15 . —Trade is very _ow with us , and prices are fast ruuning down . Dorset battel how comes in an increased supply , so does fresh ; am . _' there is much difficulty , in keeping EivHsU butter cleM ? _' ' off . Dorset , ' fine . weekly , _SGs to 90 s per cwt . ; ditto nu «" _dlJng . ' 70 s to SOs ; ditto old , nominal ; FrosJi Ss to lls per doz . lbs . ' ¦ . ¦ ¦ : ¦ _'¦•' ,- ¦ ¦ . ¦ ¦
• : FISH , . POULTRY , & o . . New _HuNGEBFOBD .-Turuots _' _Ss Od to Hs ; brills 2 s Odto 5 s Od ; codfish is Od to Gs Od ; _wliitimrs id to 9 _d mackoi _" Gd to 84 ; haddocks 9 n to Is 3 d ; ml mullets , 9 d to is , and lobsters ls Gd tb 2 s Gd each ; soles Gd to 2 s Gd per pa » ; fresh herrings ,- Od to 0 s ; and smelts . ; _lsfld to _^ sou i » _ dozen ; eels , 9 d to ls ; and salmon , Is 3 d to Is Gd pern * - Supply plentiful , trade middling . _= - . „„ , ' -Turkeys 5 s Od to 7 s Od ; goslings , 7 s Gd to Ss ; fowls «» ' , 5 s 0 d _"; _capons-Ss Gd to Us Gd ; chickens 3 s Odto 4 _sw J ducklings -is Od to 4 s e & ;; rabbits Is to IsCd ; bare' , _- _;^ to 3 s" Gd ; guinea fowls , 3 s Od to 3 s Cd ; partridges Os un OsO ; and pigeons Gd to Sdeach . Meat ner lb .: —1 ' _"i legs of mutton 7 d , shoulders Cd , necks 0 d , * 5 iid b reasts *• roasting beef 7 d to 74 d j . boiling ditto Gd to Gi _, ; ' _" ' " ? ' ! _S pbrk _. ' _TM to Sd ; Iamb ( finest quality ) _Ud ' t' 6 'M ; _^ inio in proportion , - Fresh butter ls to-lg " Sfl ; best saIt , "» lOd to IsOd . ; common'ditto . 7 d ; to " . 9 uV ; 'Cheshire cM : 7 Jd to 10 d -double Gloucester , 7 d _toSd ; ami single tUl 5 Jd to Gid pcrlb . —Supply good , trade moderate . .
. * " _:.. ; - . ' . ' r 11 _^ '" ' ' . '• ' CoMi « aiwxa . —Supply good ; and trade voir dull . _ , ' . _AVhitechah-l . —Both hay a _„ d straw sold slowly , a- " quotations . _;;
In Printed By "William Rider; Ofno; 5. Maeeiesfield-St**«''
in Printed by "WILLIAM RIDER ; ofNo ; 5 . _Maeeiesfield-st _**«''
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), April 20, 1850, page 8, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns3_20041850/page/8/
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