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Northern Star (1837-1852), 21st March 1846, Edition 3 of 4, Page 3

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      Mabch 21, 1846. ^ The Northern Star. 5

      Mabch 21 , 1846 . _^ THE NORTHERN STAR . 5

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      The Polish Insurrection. [We Suspend For...

      THE POLISH INSURRECTION . [ We suspend for a week oar " Beauties of Byron , " io _makewayfortbefoUswinglines , which , weextract from the Illustrated London News of Saturday last . ] "And Freedom shriek'd when Kosciusko felL "— Campbell Eternal PoirV ! whose Word Divine Hath said " that where thy Spirit dwells There also Freedombmlds her shrine !" And there the human bosom swells With thoughts above the sordid earth , With aspirations raised to Thee , t TiU raDt with love of deathless worth .

      Han becomes what he ought to be . "Wilt Thou at hut dash down the chain Close riveted to Poland ' s neck ! "Wilt Thou at last destroy the isign Of ruthleu tyranny , and _chedt The Calrauc vnlturs's shriek for blood , Tha blood of beauty and the brave , Who for tbe Christian cause oft stood _. Or , falling , found a glorious _grarc ! 'Twere blasphemy to doubt Thon art Where Freedom fires the human heart Who thunders at Vienna ' s gate !

      Why skulks the Hun behind his walls * Why not come forth and braveher fate Whicli never valiant heart appals ! The Austrian cowers _befuie the Turk—The Cross before the Crescent flies ; The scimitar faews out its work , Amidst a Nation ' s agonies ! 3 . 0 a!—on!—the thundering Spahis come , Like wolf-packs o ' er the snow-clad plain ; And Europe shudders at her doom , And qnail the crests of Prance snd Spain . "Where are the Champions of the Cross f—Have they forgotten _Atcalon f Why rush not to retrieve the los _^

      Aud prop pale Austria ' s tottering Throne So ! none come forward in that hour Of mortal peril , save One Pow ' r . Brave Poland ' s spear is gleaming high—Her pennons flout the frowning sky ; John Sobieski comes—his swords Scatter like chaff the Moslem hordes . Ths Austrian breathes—his throne is saved—Dictates the peace he lately graved ; O ' trwhelms with thanks the Polish chiefs—And now—oh , gratitude ! oh , grief!—The Hun would trample on the land Which saved him from the Paynim brand ! "What boots it to recaU the day

      When "Vistula recoil'd with shame—When Poland's crown became the prey Of Royal robbers , and tbe name Highest upon Fame ' s blazon placed , The name of Pelaa _d was erased Prom the broad map of Europe ! Strife , Foul civil Discord gave the blow-That demon , with aU evils rife Laid Kosrfnsko ' _s country lo w ! But still she rose again . Her soul , Contemn'd the despot ' s fcul controL The humblest peasant of her soil , Though worn down hy ungrateful ton , Felt that his spirit was _unhroke ,

      And sigh * d to rend the tyrant ' s yoke . And the day came at last . Uprose Poloniain ber glorious might , Scattering before her freedom ' s foes , As day dispels the clouds of night . The heart of Europe leap'd with joy When rush'd forth hoary eld and boy ; E ' en woman grasp'd the pike and sword To save the land they « 11 adored . And saved It certainly bad been , But diplomates stept in between The flying Russ , victorious Pole , Baffled the conqueror near the goal . The tide roll'd back in vengeful flood , And deluged the lost land in tears aud blood .

      Again , again , the nation rallies ! Forth from tbemountains , r-lains , and Tallies , From crowded town and lonely shore , The hamlet , and the forest hoar _. Comes thundering the battle-try Of men resolved "to do or die , " Unequal conflict ! Yet the race Not always to the swift is given ; The mighty may not always place His heel upon the weak . Kind heaven . ! Who seest fair woman scourged to death By Calrauc knout ! who seest the brave And noble Pole _heare bis last breath , Chained , tirtured , in Siberian cave , Raise ap a David , to strike down Tbe Geryon of Royalty : Despots who desecrated a crown , Which they ( forsooth !) receive from thee ! Let not a noble land become

      Th' Aceldama of modern tones ; Let Europe ' s Toice no more be dumb , Nor silence sanction blackest crimes ! Troops had extinguished Poland's just desire" Ik'extinguishers tkesadtes _'' are now on fire .

      33- [The Attention We Are Just Now Compelled To De-Tote To The Cause Of Oar Polish Brethren Has Left As Ao Time To Prepare Oar Usual "Reviews" This Week.]

      33- [ The attention we are just now compelled to de-Tote to the cause of oar Polish brethren has left as ao time to prepare oar usual " Reviews" this week . ]

      Poland. The Following Notice Of The Exte...

      POLAND . The following notice of the extent and population of the different provinces which constituted the ancient republic of Poland will be read with interest at a moment when their Inhabitants are making an effort to become independent of their present rulers . Gallicia , which now belongs to Austria , has an extent of l , 5 &) _geographical miles , and a population of 4 * 797 , 243 , nearly allPeles . About 2 , 0 ( 10 , 000 profess the United Greek religion , about ihe same number sre Roman Catholics . There are rather more than 250 , 000 schismatic Greeks , 30 , 000 Protestants , and 233 , 345 Jews . The republic , of which Cracow is the capital , has about 21 _geographical square miles , and 143 . 737 inhabitants , the territory and the town

      form , a republic , under the protectorate of Austria , Russia , and Prussia . The Grand Duchy of Posen , which forms part of the Prussian monarchy , has it _Euoerficies of 536 square geographical miles ; a population of 1 , 290 , 187 , of whom 372 . 7 S 9 p fess the Prussian Evangelical religion , and are chiefly Germans by origin and in language . There are 763 , 916 Roman Catholics , who are n-ariy all Poles . The Jews are in number 77 . 102 . Prussia has also other _populadousofPolMoriguiiuSilesia , aud eastern and western Prussia , from Dantzic to the frontiers other * of Russia ; but as they have been separated from the Polish people for more than a century , it is not supposed that thev will take any part in the insurrec tion . The ancient provinces of Lithuania , White Russia , and Samogitta , form the Russian governments of Wiina , Witepsk , Grodno , Kowno , . Minsk , and Mobilew . Their population Is -4975 , 369 . These countries have for four years been suffering lrom ,

      scarcity of provisions , and the people are , therefore , in a state of great excitement . The nobles and a portion of the people are Roman Catholic ; the rest , who were formerly of the United Greek Church , haTe now become , by choice or force , members of the Schismatic Greek Church , but a great number of the peasantry hare refuscd . to acknowledge the Russian bishops who were appointed to succeed their priests . There are also a few thousand Poles in the _Russo-German governments of Courland and Livonia . In the _Ukrniraand Little Russia ; -viz ., the governments of Volhynia , Kieff , P-utawa , Kurks , Ac ., the nobles profess the Roman Catholic faith , but the people nuw _profess the same religion as the Russians . The population of these governments , which areot great extent , amounts to eight millions . What _» called the kingdom of Poland , and which is under tueauthority of Gen . Paskewitsch , isalso of considerable extent , and has a _oo-jul & tion of 4 , 709 , 790 . Thus there are

      in—( _jjllilClaa _********************** _•*•»••*•¦••••••¦•••• _TjOl _^ Cracow 115 , 787 The Grand Duchy of Posen 1 , 290 , 187 _Iathnania ....................................... i , 978 , _360 little Russia 8 . . The Kingdom of Poland 4 , 709 , 790 Giving a total of 23 , 981 , 376 The population ef Russia is 63 millions , that of Austria 37 millions , and that of Prussia 16 millions , independently of the population of the different provinces of ancient Poland .

      CRACOW . The fallowing descriptive account of Cracow will be read with interest at the present moment : — The republic of Cracow extends over a territory of sixty-four square leagues , and its _exutence , as a state , which dates from the Congress of 1815 , was owing to the differences raised between Kussia . Austria , and Prussia , each _contending for its pussesrion . As these three powers could not come fa , an understanding on the subject , it was determined that Cracow should be converted into a free state , and placid under their immediate protection , insuring e neutrality and inviolability of her teiriiory . except in cases where she sUuuld be found giving an asylum to criminals from tbe countries presided over by the three protecting monarch * . The _hgislativ epGWcr ef thfe _republic is iu a body of deputies elected b y each community ; of three members of the Senateone of

      , whom presides at the assembly ; of three canons of tlie Cathedral _Chapter ; of three Doctors at theUuiversity , and of the Judges of the Tribunals . This body holds a session annual '} , which lasts scarcel y three isouths- it mates laws , votes tbe budget , in « i * _cis the administration and nominates two-thirds of the senators as well as the judges . The _executive power is cunfidtd to a senate , composed of twelve members and a president ; thepnsident and eig ht of tlie members being nominated b y the legislative body , two others are elected by the chapter , and two by the university . Ei _^ htof these _stnatoix are elected for life , and four annually . The prviiGrnt is ekcted every three years . The senate discusses the laws _btfure their prcse « _lati' . n to tin- . National _As-sen-bl y ; it nujiiina ' t-s to civil aul ecclesiastical _cJiiji ' oyintiiis . To _tv _c'i glle to become a _senator , the raiididate _inusihc tl irty . S' e years of age , he must have studied at one of

      Poland. The Following Notice Of The Exte...

      the Polish universities , must have eierciied some public employment , and have paid taxes to the amount of 150 florins , a little more than £ 7 English . The deputy must fulfil the same conditions , only he is eligible at tbe age of twenty-five . The electors are members of the chapter and of the university , all proprietors , merchants , and tradespeople , ar . isnus , or individuals of the learned profession , having paid _tatesto the amount of one . third of the sum _required to be paid by a senator or deputy . The repubUc has a miliiia which watches over the safety of the capital , and a body of armed men for the protection of its territory . Its revenues are fully equal to its

      expenses , more eeperiall y as the republic has no debt , being entirely freed from that which belonged to the kingdom of Poland . The territory of the republic is bounded on the north and west by WoYwodre ; on the south by the Vistula , which _sepaiates it from Gallicia ; and on tbe west by Brinica , which separates ic from _Silitia . Its length , from east to west , is about fiifteeu geographical leagues ; and its breadth , from north to south , about fifteen . The whole extent of territory is an inclined plane towards the south , with occasional small hills , and it is fertilised by numerous water-courses , tributaries of the Vistula .

      The cultare of flax , the rearing of cattle , poultry , and bees , are the principal employments of the occupiers of the land . There is an iron foundry at Cracow , and two or three other manufactories in the whole extent of the republic ; butahnost , with these exceptions , themanufactured articles in demand reach the people from other countries . Under the administration of the republic the condition of the peasants has very much improved . Their cabins or huts , though they axe still built principally of boughs of trees , cemented together by mud and lime , have an improved appearance ; they are whitened outside , and are cleaned within . The roads are well planted on either side , and the fields , like those in England , are , to a certain extent , divided by hawthorn hedges . Their fruits are principally apples , prunes , cherries , _chesnuts , and even some peaches aud almonds . Such is a slight sketch of the aspect of the country principally in the environs of Cracow .

      Cracow itself was the ancient capital of Poland ; the place where its kings were crowned , and where their remains were deposited in sepulchres . Cracow was , indeed , to some extent , sacred in the eyes of the Polish nation . According to the old chroniclers , it owes its name to Krakus , Duke of Cbrobasci Blanche , who founded it about the year 700 of the Christian era . It was _Bolislas the Great who made it tbe capital of bis empire , the scat of which was previously at _Gnesne . Situated in a delicious valley on the herders of the Vistula , it embraced the "Wawel , the raounain on which , history iuforms us , Krakug built a castle , which was afterwards reconstructed by tbe kings , Piast _Sigisinund I ., and Augustus II . ; fortified by Dumouriez in 1768 , restored under the Austrian dominion , and afterwards

      transformed into a barrack fur troops . A part of tbis edifice has since been placed at the disposition of a benevolent society , and thus the ancient residence of kings has become an asylum for suffering humanity . Under the vaults of this palace the treasure of jewels of the crown of ancient Poland were preserved . The tomb of Erakus is on a small rising ground called Hogila Krakussa _, near the city . And not far from thence , Polish patriotism has erected , on the mountain of Bronsalawa , a monument to the memory of the immortal Kosciusko . "Near this royal castle tbe finest cathedral in all Poland has been erected . It has been burnt down and re-built several times . Within its walls ths kings of Poland were crowned , and their mortal remains repose . The funeral monuments of Polish princes and great men ornament sixteen of the lateral chapels ; and , indeed , by pasting through these chapels a

      person may read almost tbe whole history of Poland _, from the time of _Boleslaste Fruie to that cf Kosciusko and Ponistowski . The tombs of these two . celebrated men are in a vault at the entrance of the chapel , where _Viadislas Jagelloa was interred . . National enthasiasm , also , demanded that the ashes of Dombrowski should repose in the same place , but the powers of the day refused . The churches of Cracow are of that noble and splendid description , that places that city as one of the finest in the North of Europe . The University of Cracow formerly sent forth some of the greatest names of Poland ; but since the country has lost its nationality and the republic is concentrated within narrow limits , she has done little for mankind . The last census that was taken in Cracow showed its inhabitants to amount ( in 1839 ) to 25 , 000 inhabitants in round numbers , 5 , 000 of whom were Jews , while in 1787 tbe population was 80 , 000 .

      Mela2scholy Loss Of Two Vessels.— Eighty...

      MELA 2 _SCHOLY LOSS OF TWO VESSELS . — EIGHTY LIVES LOST . Two wrecks , accompanied by a mournful loss of human life , upwards of eighty persons having perished , were on Monday reported at Lloyd'snamely , that of the British barque Ida , 00 O tons buithen , belonging to the pert of London , and the John Minturu , an American built ship of near the same tonnage—both lost while on outward bound voyages from their respectiTe ports . _^ The particulars relating to that of the Ida , as received , are exceedingly brief . She was commissioned by government for tie conveyance of government stores for Canada , and sailed for St . John's , New Brunswick , on tbe 4 th of January . There were on board , besides the crew , eighteen in number , including the master , Captain William Chamber , thirty-eight passengers . A letter ,

      stated to be written by Mr . Sherwood , the British consul at Portland , thus describes her loss : — "On the 26 th of January , being in latitude 44 \ N ., long . 52 30 W ., the barque broached to , while scudding before a severe gale from S . S . E ., and was thrown on her beam ends . The passengers and crew immediately rushed into the long-boat , to the number of forty-five . The land bore _U . N . E ., distant about thirty leagues . The boat got about two cables-length from the vessel when she shipped a sea , filled , and all in her perished . The mate , nine men , and one young woman remained on the wreck , in the tops , lrom Monday morning until Friday morning , when they were taken off by the schooner Three Sistere , of Eden , where they were landed much frozen , the mate being the only <> ne able to travel . "

      The fate of the John "Minturo _, and her crew and passengers , _amounting to fifty in number , was of a heart-renditig character . The ill-fated vessel was 500 tons burthen , and bound to New York , having , besides a number of cabin and steerage passengers , several shipwrecked seamen , who had been picked up on the voyage . They were within three days' sail of her destination . At half-past nine o ' clock on the 14 th of February she struck with tremendous force , when she broke but did not separate . Every effort , says one of the survivors , a seaman , named King , was made to preserve the lives of those ou board , numbering fifty-one . The captain , with his wife , son , daughter , servant , and cabin passengers , took refuge in the poop cabin . The long-boat was cast adrift and launched over the bows ; five of the crew and the steerage passengers , a Portuguese , jumped

      into her . It is supposed that the captain , his mate , and the pilot remained in the poop , for they were not seen afterwards , and in the course of an hour the ship parted amidships , and tlm after part drifted away into tbe sea . The remaining portion of the wreck then floated considerably in shore . Those who were lashed to the forecastle instantly perished . Between eleven and twelve o ' clock at night a boat was put off to rescue those who were clinging to pieces of the wreck , consisting of two under mates , two ofthe crew and four ofthe steerage passengers , and after almost insurmountable difficulties , they were preserved . In the remains of the forecastle sixteen bodies were found ; they laid in a cluster round the stump of the foremast . Among them could be _rec-. gnized the captain ' s wife and his children . The following morning at daybreak the bodies were brought ashore .

      Lndecext Assault.—At A Special Sessions,...

      Lndecext Assault . —At a special sessions , held on Monday , at Stratford , Henry Isaacs , a youth of about sixteen , was charged with having grossly and indelicately assaulted Mrs . Pelley , the wile of Captain Pelley , and a daughter-in-law of Sir John Henry Pelley . The assault t _» ok place in the forenoon , in some fields , called Dog ' s Fields , which Mrs . Pelley and her sister were crossing in their way to the residence of Lady Ham . Miss Fry , the sister of complainant ( aud a daughter of the late benevolent Mrs . Fry ) , spoke positively to the person of the accused , and other witnesses described the assault , but could not distinctly swear that the accused was the party . — The magistrates , as there was a doubr , decided on sending the case to the sessions ; Mr . Charnoek , on behalf of the accused , stating that he should be distinctly able tu prove an alibi . Bail was then tendered , and accepted .

      FlttE IN _GllACKCIIORCH-STREET . —SUSPECTED ROBBERY and Iscexmakism . —On Sunday morning , between four and five o ' clock , the premises ot Mr . R . Plant , a hosier and outfitter , were discovered to be on fire . The brigade engines from Jeffrey-square md Watling-street stations were quickly 011 the spot . Ihe flames were subdued . The damage done , however , is very considerable ; the principal portion ofthe stock being very seriously burned , as well as the shop itself . Upon Mr . Braid wood making an examination of the premises , he found that the flames had

      _commenced in five or six portions of the shop , and that there hid apparently been some tar placed on the wall to rjuike the flames travel faster . Air . Plant , upon _seat-diing the cash-box , discovered that a £ 10 note had been abstracted , as well as some gold . This _circuMstance , added to others which have since transpired , i » ave Jittle or no doubt that the premises had first heeL robbed and afterwards set fire to , but who the part ; was remains at ihe present , a mystery . Mr . Plant was insured iu the Sun and Globe Fireoffices .

      _Cinaioi-SE _Gardens , Chelsea . —The justices ofthe Kensington division of the county of Middlesex have refused io renew the license fur Cremome Gardens . Tiie matter will b > taken by appeal to the Quarter Sessions . A Poor Max ' s Life saved nv IIoixowat ' s PlLLS . —Jeremiah _Laugfiliu , a porter about the ( _piays of Dubiin , was afflicted for years with shortness of breath , s--itting of phlegm , night perspirations , and _leneral Weakness of body , a want of appetite , sick headache , besides suffering much from the liver . This man was in thesecond stage of _coitaiin-ition , and not cx--ec ;< _.-tl 10 Jive three ni < uths , when he c ; i ; uluv ' _ictd the nscof Holloway ' s wonderful pills , aud bv llieir means _siuue he is now strong , as hale , and as well as ever Le was in his life .

      Craned Fftobtwim

      _Craned _fftobtwim

      Cordwaikbrs' General Mutual Assistance A...

      CORDWAIKBRS' GENERAL MUTUAL ASSISTANCE ASSOCIATION . Associated Siiopmates , —As we arc new nearly on the eve of Conference , aud as thai Conference will be the most important to ourtrade that ever was held in this country—because , while the oligarchical and commercial classes are quarrelling among themselves , as to which shaU wring the large ** amount of spoil from the Industry of the working-iuau , and while the intermediate or employing class , atlcast of our trade , are watching narrowly , not only the moves sf the governing classes , _butmakiug inroad after inroad silently and steadil y , till our association is involved from its centre to its circumference by a desire among our masters to take advantage ofthe commercial _chaujes that are about to take place ia tbis _country , and thereby reduce our wages to the altered circumstances which class legislation and privileged idleness deem proper to inflict on society at large _.

      We say it will be important , for , in judging of the amount of good our union has already effected with its necessarily imperfect ' machinery ; imperfect , _because of the amount of difficulties it had and still has to contend with , inasmuch as it is now resisting acts of the foulest and grossest despotism , not only of those who live on the profits of labour , but by men of our order—working-men , as tbe sequel will show , but it is still wading through all those apparently insurmountable _obttaclei-, and will tre long break down every barrier which may come in its way , but it will te for the Conference to meet and knock all those obstacles on the head , aud , with a view to assist in the good work , we will offer a few-suggestions ; but before entering upon that part of the subject , it is our duty to state , that , as the Belfast strike still continues with

      uuabatud vigour , the levy must remain on eight weeks Instead of four . At tbe _^ ommencement of that strike w « were given to understand that about four weeks would terminate the contest , but such is not the case . There are a number of district officers who wish to know how the strike is going on , and a number who want to knuw whether there is any chance of victory en the side ofthe men , and not a few who say tbat Belfast will be the making or breaking of the association . . Between all these opinions , one thing is certain—namely , thut there is not even a shadow of chance of success on tbe side of the employers , if these men can only be supported a short while longer ; that the association will support them , we have not tbe least doubt , judging from the fteliug manifested within these last few days ; for , be it _remembered

      that there area number of towns in England which had become lukewarm to the association , but who rallied when the position of Belfast was made known . It is true that the levies hdve come in but slowly of late , but it is also true that the commercial changes which are about tu take place iu this country have paralysed our trade : o » uch an extent ai to put it totally out of tbe power of our members to pay as'they would wist—but better times are close at hand , tlie _ajn-ingof the year is dawning upon us ; it is true , too , that our masters have taken advantage of tbis anticipated change by causing strikes in * great many of our outruns , and thereby adding , in a very high degree , to our already embarrassed circumstances ; for instance , Loudon , Leeds , Waterford , Northampton , Cambridge , Oxford , Leicester , Birmingham , Manchester , Nottingham , _andNswry—all those places are either , more or leu on strike , and all those places have to _suppport their owu as well as that of Belfast , which , when c _. upled with the scarcity of employment caused . b y the changes above

      alluded to , will , in some measure , account for tbe position in whieh the boot and shoe-makers of the UuiUd Kingdom arc placed at the present time . But the time is fast approacbiug when these difficulties will vanish , and when we will prove to those masters who now seek to degrade and oppress us , that we will not only establith our right to a fair particip = ti m in the fruits of our own industry , but tbat we will try au experiment which may _prave dctrimential to their class as masters ; but which experiment we will not try if they ( the masters ) will be satisfied to give us a fair , honourable , and independent living out of the wealth which we ourselves create , and such living we must and shall have . "We seek not the property of others by either word or deed , we only want a fair portion of our own ; aud we would warn the _mastew not to make any wanton or gross inroads upon our wages , or else we may be tempted to take tbe advice of the _grsatest statesman of the age , namely , Sir Robert Feel , who says " the working classes must take their own affairs into their own hands . "

      It is monstrous to see that everything invented by tbe scientific , tbephilanthropic , and theexalted of our species is immediately brought to bear against tbe interests of the working-classes—every new invention of science or mechanics is a fresh signal for their degradation . If an income-tax belevied to carry on the business ofthe country , forthwith it is taken from thelabour of tbe workingclasses ; if corrupt and ignorant statesmen , by their malpractices , destroy the trade ofthe country , forthwith the masters makeup the loss "•) - taking it from their men . If a famine threatens to spread its ravages all over tbe

      empire , the W 3 y in which the masters try to alleviate it is , by immediately reducing the wages of their workmen — " an admirable way , truly . " If tbe men of Belfast tryto eke out au existence in the land of their birth , their masters at once unite , turn round on their men , and indict them for doing the same , and if one jury do not make them guilty , tbey can be discharged und another impannelled or selected that will do the job . But we are much mistaken in the bout and shoe-makers of the United Kingdom if they do not get justice done to tht _Rflfnst men .

      Our object in glancing at these things is to show the association and the public at large the difference between the motives ofthe master-class and those ofthe working _, class ; in the former we gee everything that is immorul , tyrannical , and despotic—in the other we | 6 ee nothing but what is independent , moral , and just . The workingclasses want nothing but their owu : the master class want to aggrandise themselves at the expense of others , and wallow in all the luxuries of life , while the workers are compelled to live and bring up large families , of both sexes , irom youth to maturity , huddled together in one room , to the uttsr destruction of their mental aud moral faculties ; and , _nnnlly _, to the injury of society nt large . These remarks apply only to those masters who array themselves against their workmen .

      It will be borne in mind , that in the foregoing remarks relative to the difficulties of the association , we hinted that some of our own order were working against us—tbe short facts of the case are these : some short time since , a portion of the trade of Glasgow thought proper to joiu our association—this portion had from Loudon curd 6 and general laws , and the secretary attempted to put on a levy ou these who joined to support the men of Belfast , hut no sooner did the old body , as tbey are called , see tbis step taken than tbey went to the masters and solicited them to " aid and assist them ( the old body ) in putting the unionists down , " for , said they to the masters , " if you do not help us to destroy the unionists they will soon destroy you , as well as they are seeking to destroy tht masters of Belfast . " The masters of Glasgow of course ,

      true to their own interests , united at once with the old body , and they both conjointly struck off every man that belonged to our association , and sent to Edinburgh for men to fill up their places , —Edinburgh being on strike at the time . Is there not something auomolous in striking off flints and sending for flints to take their seats of work ! But , say the men of Glasgow to the masters" If you do Hot help us to beat down the union tbe union will destroy you . " " To beat _thrm down is the very thing tbat we want , " say the masters . What a victory 1 And what Is it for * Did thejuniuuists attempt to reduce wages ? No . ' But the old body said , in substance , tliey would raise it , and so they told the masters , and tbe masters , of course , put down theparty which the ; thought would in time be tbe most powerful to contend with . Thus it will be seen , that while the masters ot Belfast are

      persecuting and prosecuting the unionists for attempting to unite at all , the operatives of Glasgow are knot-king it ou the head altogether . Verily , you _Glasgow heroes , yon kave done a noble deed!—u deed which will shed lustre on the trade of Glasgow . Wiat will the association do after this ? WiU they still relieve cards from the old bodies ! We shall see . For our own part , we believe there ought not to be one card relieved in future , except our own . Seeing the brutal manmr in which our oppo nents are nctiug towards us , could it ever be imagined that any body of men could be found in our trade to act iu so foolish , weak , and base a manner as to deprive a number of men of employment for merely believing that a general uuion is better than a local one ? However , it is now in the hands of the _association , and they may deal with the act of the men of Glasgow as they think

      proper . But to return to the Conference ; it might be as well to inform the country that there are a numbur of changes ih , and amendments to , our general laws contemplated by the men of London , and perhaps tbe same _feelings pervade the men ofthe country ; if so , the best and fail est way to act would be for any district in London or the country to reduce all their amendments to writing , and send them in a letter to us , in orucr that tLey may be piintcdand transmitted to the country in time for the annual district meetings , so that the whole ofthe amendments might

      be seen at one _glaace , and their bearing upon each other clearly ascertained . The constituency might instruct their delegates as to the ) maimer iu which they should vote , thereby _^ facilitating the business of Conference , and _giving tlie delegates proper time to consider well the propo . _itions to he laid before them when they meet . It will therefore , we think , be only fair that all parties should be made acquainted with the changes intended to be proposed , and it is with no other view but that of having tliose amendments printed and laid before the cnuntry that we have offered the suggestion .

      There is another subject which the Conference must take into thuir serious consideration—uaiiiel } _-, that of cards ; if tlie associuliou _suffers more from on < - tiling than another , it is from the _issuing of cards . _I- ' or instance , when a town ib suspended , thut town still retains its raids . Of course , ihc members of that town can _trainj _) and receive relief from our funds the same as if no suspension hud taken place . It is also a fact , that towns write up to London for support in eases of strikes , well knowing that a refusal is cei tain . But what line tlll'V

      They have union cards to tramp with . In one instance , 11 very import-ait towu wrote up for support , though that town has not paid a farthing since we have been in _ullii-e . Another town in the south of _Bugl-md broke up , and divided the curds that remained among the members that suod . ill the last . Now , our reason for mentioning these things here is , tu point out to the country the manner in which this sjstcm affects our association , and to prepare the minds ul" the _delegates , when _CinilVreiice meets , to meet it in all its bearings . Let any man _XHisscssiug an ordinary ,-unuuut of com-

      Cordwaikbrs' General Mutual Assistance A...

      mon sense reflect for a moment on the effect of such a state of aftairs , and he will wonder why it has not broken up our union long before this ; together with which the mem bers of the association _tlunuelra add in a very nigh degree to our difficulties by relieving cards , of the old bod y _particular _ul ' ur the manner in whieh they have acted in GIU ( fiy „ . Lmdou and Lim ., ) uui . In London they employ men to write letters in disparagement ot our principles and motives—in Liverpool they relieve all union cards , itktr u _* , but It would be far better if they did not , because they do more hurm by to doing than good , inasmuch us when the person relieved calls for his card , the Liverpool body give him one of their own in : stead ; it will be observed thut tbis places tlie person so relieved in a worse position than if he were not relieved

      at all , for it is selling his card for relief , a Liverpool card liking no manner of use ; this mode ol action on the part of Liverpool places Irishmen who belong to our union , and come over on strike , in a most awkward _pradiea . ment , and we sincerel y hope Liverpool will cease acting in this manner . Thus it will be seen our opponents do things under the guise of liberality , which in nudity are meant only to perplex and embarrass . Let any candid and unbiassed man compare the actions of the old bodies of London , Liverpool ; and Glasgow , and he must alnilt at once that their nunuer of acting is entirely wrong , for while the London body employ men to write letters ( at 6 d . each ) to undermine our position and Villify OUr motives , the Liverpool body are snaring our cards , in order to dhgust our members , intending , of course , to prove the inutility of our association , while Glasgow wantonl y and basely unites with tha common

      enemy , for the purpose of depriving eur members of their employment . Let any honest and fair man compare all these things _together , and he must come to the conclusion that nothing could engender such feelings and actions , but a _ortital and sordid determination t 8 break us up at all hazards ; and for what J Have wo ever been tbe cause of reducing wages ! Have we been the cause of worsting the position of the boot and shoemakers of Great Britain and Ireland f No ; on the contrary , our members haw made personal and aggregate sacrifices for the purpose of carrying out a great principle ; and be . lieving _, as we do , that that great principle is necessary to secure our independence as a trade , we are willing to pay for tbe carrying out of so resplendent an _expsrinieiit ; wu therefore thiuk our own _shopmates at least ought to give us a fair chance to work out a system which has alreadydone so much good , and will do more , if it get anything like fair play from our own order .

      It should be borne in mind , that we are the first trade who solved the problem of whether the working-classes ( of different countries ) could be united for a common object , though differing widely in other respects . VYe have solved that problem , aud , perhaps , in after times , it may redound to the everlasting fame of our calling , that we were the first who achieved so desirable aud moral an object ; for remember , the only hope the privileged idlers of the earth have of living and revelling o « the wrongs of man 1 b , that the working-classes of all countries are destitute of the elements necessary to form a union strong enough to secure their own _inUrests ; remember , too ,

      that those privileged orders use every artifice which wealth can command and scientific imaginations can suggest , to keep the working-classes divided , iu order that , by their divisions ( they , the privileged orders ) ' , may the more easily keep up their nefarious practices ; remember , then , that tbe boot and shoemakers were the tint working-men in these realms that solved the problem alluded to above , and that they not only _formsd a general union , but united men , who , a few years sines , were deadly enemies to each other . If the other trades of Britain could unite to the extent that we have—if they could unite men of their trades in tbe different countries

      as we nave done practically ( despite the machinations of our enemies ) , thoBe trades unitedly might form it mighty phalanx , before which the leagued despotisms of the world ( whether oligarchical , commercial , or political ) would quail . Shame ! 0 , shame , on you ! old bodies of London , Liverpool , and Glasgow , that do not use your wealth and talent for higher and nobler purposes than trying to destroy an organisation whose aim and objects arc similar to your own , though seeking the end in a different way .

      It may be as well here to state that , from the manner in which the levies came in , until lately , I was almoin fearful in calling for another , lest it might crush the association ; for , taking into account tbe unparalleled depression of trade , and the numerous strikes we had , and still have to contend with , I was really fearful tbat tbe association might fall under increasing expenses ; but , from the feeling tbat is plainly manifesting itself within tbe last few days , it is clear that things will be all right now ; you are , therefore , herewith called upon to forward , for the use of the association , 3 d . per member per week , for four weeks . Taking your numbers according to the last returns at _, your share will be , which you will please to forward every week to Mr . Thomas Tolman , King aad Queen , _Foloy-streot , Marylebone . * The levy to go on from Feb . 2 nd . ( Signed ) * Wm . _Clakk . General Secretary .

      Fmohs.—At A Conference Of Delegates Repr...

      _fmoHS . —At a Conference of delegates representing the tailoring trade , recently held at Leeds , the following statements were raa ' de by the delegates : — Mr . HuEtltr _. of Bradford , described his section us doing tolerably well , but another portion ( the No . i section ) was in a deplorable state . Connected witb the latter portion were a number of superannuated men . The No . 1 section found uo fault with their present bill of prises , but members of the No . 2 section had been most unfairly treated by some of the masters . He mentioned these facts , in order to stimulate the Conference to some laudable effort on behalf of section So . 2 .

      Mr . _Worsey , one of the Manchester delegates , said—For the last sixteen or seventeen years I have been connected with the respectable portion of the trade . When I first pointed out the ruin that was about to overtake us , I was told that I was a marked man -Aliis I havebewi , and have suffered accordingly . Prior to last August I was paid at the rate of 27 s . per week for thirteen hours'labour daily , including dinner hour ; now , however , owing to the spirit of unjust competition , and the blight which the system of " sweating" has thrown over the trade , I can only earn 14 s . Cd . a week , never working less than fifteen hours per

      day for that miserable pittance . I have visited a man in our trude of the name of Charles Hall , whose average earnings , after slaving six days in the week , only amounted to 8 s . 6 d . Another of the name of John Bently , was employed on work , and his average earnings , supposing him to be constantly employed , only amounted to 6 s . per week . A third man , of the name ol" George "Wildgoosc , living in Spritigficld-lane , Salford , I found making gentlemen ' s dress cuats for 4 s . ( _Jd ., and the trade price averages for the same work 10 s . 7 | il . Another person visited by mc had a wife and seven children . Their condition _wat

      pitiable ; they were living in a cellar , aud the husband and wife conjointly could only tarn 10 s , per week . William Harrison , living in _Garden-strcct , Huhne , miserablywretched : was making tunic suits for 5 s ., the trade price being about 9 s . Cd . This man was working fur Hjam , and as he had to find his own sewings , he was receiving only half bis _l-. gitimate wages . William Hughes works for Mr Jones , in Deansgatr , has a wife and one child . This family make up all sorts of garments , and the hui . band , wife , and daaghter labouring conjointly can only earn 10 s . per week . William Worrell works for George Webster ! was making cloth trousers for 2 s . a pair , tho ordinary price being ' 6 s , 9 d . Persons working for thai establishment must cut their own garments before they can be employed . These are not extreme cases .

      Mr . Glass , of Manchester , said—Gentlemen , you are all aware that Manchester is on strike , and mnst have fallen had not the Protection Society rushed into the rescue . The men of Manchester owe to that society their lasting gratitude , which Is also due to Mr . I _' avker , _whote prudent advice , friendly counsel , and ardent zeal deserve every commendation that we can give him . Mr . Alexander Allan , of Alloa and Stirling , Scotland , said—I beg to inform tho delegates of the circumstances which gave birth to our section . When first we heard of the Protection Society , a person of the name of John Gibson { who wrought in a _slop-shop ) called a meeting and formed a committee . We then sent to London for rules , and in the next place addressed the masters with a memorial , for we were anxious to meet them in a friendly spirit . Most ofthe masters were with us , save one who

      met us by making out a list of wages 13 per cen t . lower than it should have been . We called a meeting of arbitration , when our opponent promised he would never invade our rights again . Yet this same man called a meeting of the masters , wishing them to reduce wuges again , I waited upon him in order to remind him of his former promise , when he treated me most uncivilly , aud told me to go about my business . He next proposed to starve bis men for a month in eider to bring them to compliance , and had it not been for the honourable conduct of another employer , Mr . Dawson , he would , no doubt , have tried tbe experiment . On my return we shall commence at once n brisk agitation , and by that means build up a powerful public opinion ; and , supported as we are by the Protective Society , we shall soon be enabled to drive oppression out of the field .

      Mr . J . W , Parker begged to inform the Conference ofa circumstance which redounded to the honour of their Scottish brethren . When the Stirling strike had reduced their funds and left them all but helpless , he ( Mr . Parker ) remitted them a _five-pound note , promising the single men 7 s . and the married 8 s . so long as the strike continued , but their reply was " We will onlj accept 5 s . Cd . for single , men and 7 s . for married , and with that , if needful , would stand out for ever . Mr . Gidreon Box , of Maidstone , said — Maidstone , although n small town , is nevertheless an important _« nu . We have always maintained good credit , and supported every institution . We have no No . 2 section—all who work in shops are paid the same rate of wages . Tho tailors of _iluidslouc arc thoroughly democratic . Wc arc nut depressed by the _sweatiii ); system , and * in- cause gains strength every day . We are determined lo agitate and bring in the country , though we pay for il out ut our own pockets .

      Mr . _Taiker said , on behalf of StaflV . nl , that he was specially charged by them to ( haul- the trade for the supp ort rendered them in their lute strike . Mr . John Leech , of Hyde , drew a fearful picture of ? . Shopmates should never mute money _orders payable any where but to _Totteuhnm-court-rond Post-office ; for by making them payable to " London , our treasurer will have to go two miles to cash money ; and when it is taken into account thai he Rets nothing for his services , it is rather hard to be put to such trouble , wliich trouble may 1 c obviated by making the urdcrs payable in every case at _Tatteiihant-eourt-ruad .

      Fmohs.—At A Conference Of Delegates Repr...

      the miseries attendant on the " sweating system . " In Staleybridge slop-work Is paid 40 per cent , less than in Ashton . Cheudle swingers are made there for 3 s . Cd ., and fustian ' trousers lor ls . In the town of Hy de the trade is eru-hed by H . vnin , and men of his class . His puff-bills arc to be feun on evi . ry corner , and no little muster can compete with him . In Asluou men and masters were on the boBt of terms . Mr . _nussell _, of Birmingham , said , he had lived three years in Birmingham , where scenes of wretchedness met the eye on every hand . One such casehe would mention . A person , of the name of William Hill , lived in Uttlo Hill-street , _Briitol-road ; he had a wife and two daughters living in a wretched abode ; they bad 110 furniture , no cooking _u-ensils worthy of the name , and were all but Hsked ; for the husband had not a coat , having to borrow

      one from a neighbour when he weut to the shop . Thiuk of this—a man who , for the best part of his life , had Ueen engaged in making coals , and could not h y his labour obtain one for himself ! His wife had not a gown ; she had only an old filthy petticoat , and a dirty _rjg wherewith to cover her naked shoulder * . The children were much in the same condition . The whole of this family were at work upon a coat—husband , wife , and children . Bed tbey had none , _butsleptoa tbe floor in a closet , on tha parings wliich came off the cloth , covering themselves with the very garments which , in _u few _houi-6 , might be conveyed to the shoulders of somepride-pumpercd gentleman ! The poor mother died—her husband grew desperate ; ho conveyed his children to the workhouse , andlias notfincebeenlieurdof . In his opinion the cooperative plan , if carried out , would ret cue the trade from the thraldom under which it laboured .

      Mr . Cowley , of Leeds , gave in areport of _tbestateofhis district . He afterwards read a lengthy report ( which he had prepared from actual inspection ) of the sanatory condition of that portion of the trade called " sweaters . " An aged person , an Irishman , living in Kirkgnte , who worked for Hyani , had his-wife confined In childbed , aud in the same apartment there was a rag and bone shop . The wifo is since dead , and no wonder . The only nmrvul would be how any being could ever have existed in such a place . The poor tailor works fifteen hours a day , yet can scarce earn as much as will keep body and soul to . gcthcr . And this worse than Egyptian slavery is endured

      in order to swell the pride und increase the dignity of men like Hyain , who would cover the laud with poverty in order to enrich himself . Let mc tell you of another " improvement" ( falsely so termed ) just being introduced into the trade . A Frenchman hut recently introduced coats that are to be pasted together . This very week a quantity of those articles have arrived in Le . _ds . The coats are made by •¦ sweaters" in London . ; . 'If the mas . ters refuse to aid us , if they will toleratt a system that makes Hyani and Moses the arbiters of our trade—if they can see the ruin , and will _notamt ' it— why , than , we must by cu-operaiiou do the work for Wselves .

      Mr . Barling , ot Jersey , reported his section as being ia a healthy state . A number of other delegates gave in similar statements . Iu order to destroy the influence of Jew monopolists , it was proposed to raise a co-operative fund , to be applied to the purpose of _optning depots or factories , in wliich to employ the surplus funds how iu the labour market—thus restricting the power of unprincipled capitalists on the one hand , and affording a refuge for the most depressed portion of tha trade on ths other . The first establish _, ment to be opened in Manchester , The above propoiitioi was transferred to a committee for further consideration .

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      Cnnisium Ciumir.—A Few Days Ago, Tlie Re...

      CnnisiUM Ciumir . —A few days ago , tlie Rev . T . S . Guyer , dissenting minister of Ryde , Hampshire , died , * n «! was to have been buried at _^ instead , in the same county , where two of his children are buried . On application being made to the rector , Mr . Hewitt , that worth ; refused to permit the burial of the body of tho deceased , assigning as tlie reason that the late Mr . Guyer wns a dissenting minister , and that he had preached against tho Church of England . The deceased was subsequently buried in a vault prepared in the chapel where he had so long laboured . _Mkukwit All—It appears that the Pacha has decided on coming to Europe in tho summer , after the return of his son , Ibrahim Pacha ,

      Singular Circumstance . —As ft servant of Mr . J . Hamlcy was driving his master ' s cows through _Bodmin-street , one of them dropped down and died instantly . In order to discover the cause of death the cow was examined by Mr . John Mudge , veterinary surgeon , when , on opening the pericardium , or heartbag , a brass pin , one inch and a half in length , was seen penetrating the fleshy substance of the heart , midway between the two ventricles , causing ulceration of the coats of the coronary vein , and giving rise to au effusion of blood , whicli coagulated around the heart , thereby forming a mechanical impediment to its action .

      The _KNionis of St . John . —Tlie Cmmier Francois announces that the principal members of the order of St . John of Jerusalem have been summoned to meet at "Vienna on the 20 th of April next . It is said that the object ofthe contemplated meeting is to examine a plan proposed for establishing the chief seat of the order in _Algeria . If this plan be adopted a demand will be made on tlie French Government to grunt u tract of land in Algeria for an agricultural , religious , and military establishment , on a basis which will permit tho members of the order to obey the French laws whilst they preserve the principle of independence belonging to the order .

      Protection to _Niohtikgales . —A curious order of the police was issued at Berlin 011 the 2 nd instant . With a view of preventing the diminution of nightingales in their natural state of liberty , it is decreed that every person in Prussia who keeps a nightingale in a cage shall pay an annual tax of ten thalers ( forty francs ) , und that any person putting a _nightingale in future into a cage , without giving information to the police , shall be fined thirty thalers . A Whale in _Livkkfool . — The Welsh steamer Cambria , arrived in . Livevpuol on _End'Ay _uvonuug , having a huge Greenland whale in tow . The monster is forty-one feet in Jength , and was towed by the Cambria from Carnarvon-bay , where it was taken , having got entangled with the rocks . It will prove a rich prize .

      Illseks of Mk . Gregory . —Wc regret to announce that Mr . Gregory , M . P . for Dublin , has been , since Tuesday week , labouring under a dangerous attack of fever . _Pkkparatioxb for War . —Iu order to expedite the 01-ders ; at present in hand for the coast defences and the armament intended for the Lakes on the American frontier in Canada , thirty boys were entered and set to work on Saturday , in the Royal Laboratory Department , Woolwich ; and on Monday thirty men were entered for the same department . Forty extra mechanics , consisting-of blacksmiths nnd wheelwrights , and ten labourers , were also entered on Tuesday iu the lloyul _Carriugc Department , where manr of tlie men are now working over-time .

      Ueciiuiting . —A Fool . —Recruiting for the army is carried on with great spirit in Leeds und the surrounding localities . On some days not less than six or eight young men are sworn in before the borough magistrates . Smart is also paid by many ofthe recruits . One of these raw novices paid smart on Monday : in the evening he regretted , and again enlisted ; and on Tuesday re-regretting , he again paid smart . Tea Tkade , March 16 . —The deliveries of tea last week were not more than 479 , 6871 b ., and the market

      for some time past has been in a very dull state . 1 o _« morrow there will be a small public sale , and it is considered by many that the offering of moderate parcels , and frequently , will be much more likely to ensure a good result . Parsky ' b _CoMrRKssED Air-Engine . —The motive power by which this engine is worked is compressed or condensed air . It is retained in receivers , and operates upon the machinery in the same way as steam . The inventor undertakes to compress a sufficient quantity of air iu a magazine or case to carry or draw for thirty miles , on any railroad , a train as heavy as any that is drawn by any steam locomotive

      engine now use . More _Peeparaiions for War . —Government orders for munitions of war have been received both by the Bowling and Low Moor Companies ( Yorkshire ) . The Bowling Company havo received an order for several castings for war-steamers , and the Low Moor Company for several cannon of large calibre . The Emperor of China has issued a proclamation remitting all arrears of taxes up to the present year , amounting , it is said , to upwards ot 38 . 000 , 000 taics . This act of grace is done principally in honour of his mother ' s seventieth birth-day . Tim Doke de _Hordkaux left _Vcnico on tlie 29 th ult . for Fronsdort , but is expected to return iu July for sea-bathing .

      Tiie Ministerial Measure in the Louns . —The general belief in the political clubs is , that the measures ofthe government , for the immediate reduction and eventual abolition ofthe duty on foreign corn , will be carried in the Ilouse of Lords by a majority of from twenty-five to thirty . —Observer of Saturday . Stafford Elkctio . _v . —Lawrence Hoy worth , Lsq _., was brought forward to contest this election with Captain Carnegie ( recently appointed a Lord of the Treasury ) , hut being convinced , from what ho observed , that his election could not be carried without

      a distribution of spirits , ale , & e „ ho intimated to his committee on Wednesday that he retired from the contest . A Dr . _Slcij-h was then put forward by the Protectionist _p-u-t y , and the polling c . _' . _nimcnoul on Friday . At the close , tic numbers were—Carnegie , 182 ; Sleigh , 251 " jNo . nk hut _rnoiBSTANTS seed ArriA _' . "—The Cork Examiner states ( hat Major _Hastings Doyle had refused live recruits , brought in by the recruiting party of the 24 th foot , because they were Roman Catholics ; and that the Major , though anxious to get Irish recruits , only wants Protestants .

      Arrival of Food from America . —A large Amaru can bark , _thirty-ninu days from New Orleans , has arrived at Liverpool . The cargo consists of 3 , 250 barrels of Hour , liOO sacks of maize , and a quantity ot salt beef and pork . More _Murhkbs in Ti _i-i-eraey . —We have to record two more murders in the county of' ! . ippemry . The first that of an _iiid-istrioiisman , nauied Jnmcs _Ki-ano , who as he was _proc-ediugin the direction uf liis home on the night of the 5 th inst . was attacked bv three

      Cnnisium Ciumir.—A Few Days Ago, Tlie Re...

      rufhaus , who felled him to the ground , mulcting a fatal wound on the left side of the head . No cause ha _^ been assigned for theperpetralien of tire outrage . —The other murder was committed on the night of Sunday last , by _» party of six men , who entered the house ofa man named _Meara , and after first knooking him down with a stone , inilicting a . deadly wound , beat him on the head till his brains were dashed out , Tub Ualtic .--A letter , dated Feb . 28 th , has-been received from Elsinore , by a gentleman of Dundee , stating tiiat the weather in the Baltic was quite like spring , and that there iva ? not a _vestige of ice or snow . The downward bound shipsh ' nd ail sailed .

      Tub Vintaok in Portugal . —Owing to tho entire failure of tho Douro vintage this year , there have been little more than 5 , 000 pipeB marked of the first quality—an occurrence unprecedented for a century . The average exportation vo Kngland ( 24 , 000 pipes ) must be made up from the stock of former years . _Tiik Rait Shark . — On Sunday morning a very hn © Bi'eeimen of that exceedingly rare _im-iister of the deep , called the ray shark , was exhibited in Preston _, it was captured by a , party of young then , between Glasson aud Sunderland , on Thursday , at the mouth ofthe river Luue . Its length was five feet , and the width ofthe < . npc two feet , exhibiting a double row of true shark . Utth . The owner was en _rtmw for Bolton and Manchester , expecting to _disptisu of his prixe to the Natural History Society ai the latter place .

      _Si-anisu Potatoes . —A large quantity of potatoes are arriving iu Ireland from Spain . Seals . —Aw immeuRe number of ( seals _hswo lately been seen in Dornoch Firth . Printkrs . —Three members of the U . S . _Senate—Measis . Cameron , Nilet , and Westcott—wero journeymen printers . _Marciiino _aku _Ciiaroino . —In marching soldier ? _, take 75 steps , in quick marching 180 , and in charting 150 steps per minute . Thk Lakb of tuk _Blusi . —The township of Tapton , near _Chcsiertieid , is at this time the most singularly circumstanced parish or township in the county , or perhaps in the kingdom . There is neither church , chapel , parson , lawyer , doctor , public-house , or pauper , in the place . "Nor editor , we presume . Happy Land !] _EnccAnoa in North Walks . —We arc informed by a _correspondunt that agame notice was latelv served ononpofhis friends to which the names _oi _' _tw-ntysixsubtantial fanners in Denbighshire were appended , and that of the whole number only fourteen were able to sign their names .

      Tue Navy . —ihe number of seamen required by the navy estimates is 27 , 500 * boys , 2 , 000 ; marines afloat , 5 , 500 ; ashore , 5 , 000—total , 40 , 000 . FlUB AT llANBSWOBTH , NEAR BlHMINOHAM . —On Saturday afternoon afire broke out in the rick-yard ofMr . Toye , farmer of llandsworth , and in a very short time two ricks , one of barley , the other of hay , were consumed ,. The prompt arrival of the engines put a stop tO _j _tlni further progress of the fire . Tha general opinion is , that it is the act of an incendiary : the damage is estimated at £ 100 , ' and we _regrot to add that tho owner is uninsured . A Perilous Nursisri _Gnounn . —The children of the Bloopiug isle of Rattray , when they first begin to toddle about , arc tethered to a stake to prevent thorn from rolling off into the sea '—Wilson ' s Voyage round Scotland .

      Loss A 8 HLEr . —At the commission of the Free Church of Scotland , on Thursday week , itwas agreed ( on the motion of Dr . Candlish ) to send an address to Lord Ashley , as a Christian philanthropist , expresaivc of thoir admiration of his _creat services to the country . _Salmoh . —The Duke of Richmond ' s salmon on the Speyare selling at the high price of 2 s . 6 d . to Ob . a pound in the neighbourhood ofthe fishing giounds .. Sir Robert Peel ' s late tariff lias in no way diminished the value of this noble fish . —Inverness Courier .

      InK Duke in Danger . —Ou Tuesday night , we regret to learn , a spur was broken frv . m one ofthe bas reliefs on the pedestal of the Wellington statue-Ting is the third or fourth case of _mutilation which has occurred , and we are sure it would be a real gratification to almost the whole community if the perpetrator or perpetrators could bo diacuveiod . — Glaigow Argus . . Modern Tournaments . —The correspondent of the Athenceum says that the tilting of Naples during the carnival proved a sad Quixotic burlesque , not one of tho knights being unhorsed , since the lances were so arranged as to double up on _meeting with the slightest oppORit ion . Extermination op Tenantry . —To add to the misery of the wretched peasantry of this unfortunate country , the landlords are ably contributing to their

      bitter draught . Day after day we hear of families , aye , hundreds of wretches , turned to die i * the ditches by their heartless oppressors , the landlords of this country . Not later than yesterday , wo an : told Mrs . Gerrard dispossessed not fewer than 447 wretched _beinga—turning them upon the world , and rasing their huts to the earth . A poor man , whose family was lying in fever , implored to have the walls of his cabin lett up in order to shelter them ; but to no purpose . A poor woman with her child at her breast , was not even allowed time to quit her domicile , and iu the act of running out a boam fell , aud , we are told , killed the infant in her arms . If we arc correctly informed , Mr . and Mrs . Gerrard have dispossessed upwards of 2 , 000 human beings within the last few years . — Roscommon Journal .

      Tiik Columbia . — The total distance fiom New York to the Mouth ofthe Columbia river , _acrois the continent of North America , is 3440 miles , * to travel wliich at the present time , would occupy about five months . Tho voyage by sea , from th « same port , round Cape Horn , to the mouth of the Columbia river , occupies about eight months . Fatal Affrat . —A fev \ r nights since a difference urose between two men , about a . right of precedence to put com on a kiln at the mill of Gam-veen , near Giautahe ; blows ensued , and some mutual friends of the parties , who happened to be present , took part—it is much to be regretted not for the purposes of making peace ; Une of the men , named Manion , had his brains dashed out on the spot ; aud so severe were the woutids received by the other man , that he has since expired , —Juan * Herald ,

      Mayo _Ellchon . —The _Homiciois at _WiiSTronT . — The { -rand jury of the county of Mayo have ignored the bill against Mr . Fletcher , who had been committed on the coroner ' s warrant for having fired at and killed a woman at Westpcrt during the excitement of tbit late election . Mistaken Lovk asp Suicioe . —An investigation , whieh lasted a considerable time , was gone into before Mr , Carter on Wedurstlny , nt the Grove-house Tavern , Camberwell Grove , on the body of Emma Vokins , aged nineteen , who had committed suicide by hanging herself . Verdict— " Temporary insanity . " _Triuius Fever , which is very prevalent in Ireland at the present time , is also very prevalent and fatal on the continent , particularly Belgium , Iseghem , lngelmunster , and Meulebcke .

      Modern Amazons . —At the Get-graphical Society's meeting in London last week , a . letter was read from Mr . Duncan , tke African traveller , in which hestates that the King of _Asliantee entertainod him with a review of 15 , 000 female troops , whose arms , accoutrements , and performances were truly astonishing . Clerical Wit . — " If we go to war , father , " said a bright-eyed boy tho other day to his clerical parent , " from what part of the bible shall you get the text for a new sermon 1 " The good minister being taken by surprise at the question , thougiit a moment , and then smoothing the locks of the child with asostef pvternal pride , answered that he believea it wouid be from _ittniewtwtioni . _—Anericon paper . Tiik KiNGrisiiKR ;—On Tuesday Mr . Langford . of Newington , shot one of those rare birds , the kingfisher , in l ' RUersca marshes . It is seldom these birds are to be found so near the metropolis .

      The MAOisTiiAcr .-Mr . G , 1 \ Elliott , ofthe Western Circuit , has been appointed to succeed Mr . Henry , « t the Lambeth police court , on the promotion of the latter to Bow-street , nice Mr . Twyford . We understand that Mr . Grove , of the Greenwich police court , has tendered his resignation . _Skhvants' Benevolent Institution . —On Wednesday a public meeting was held in the Devon and Exeter couee-house , _Tottenham-court-roau , to raise 11 fund towards the erection of forty alms-houses , and also a pension fund , for the reception and relief of aged servants of both sexes . From the report read and the speeches delivered , it appeared that tlie founders of tho institution intend to raise by subscriptions amongst the 12 , 500 servants that Iiro ia the vicinity of London , and also with tho assistance of the nobility and gentry , the sum of 25 , 000 / . towards the above objects .

      Death of a Lady of Fortune by Fire . — On _Wednesday an inquest was held at Tootina , on the body of Miss Harriet Newton , aged 58 , a Jady of independent fortune , who came by her death by burning . It appeared that the deceased lady was blowing the fire ; a spark is supposed to have fallen on her dress , for iu a short time she was enveloped in a body of tire . She expired in about eight hours , from the effect of the injuries . Verdict— " Accidental death . " _SUICIUK THROUGH PiCUKIARY DlFPICULTlKS . — On Wednesday an inquest was held in Kent-street , Di'ver-road , on the body of Mr . Benjamin Charles

      Minors , aged 35 years , lately residing at _In o . 2 _J 0 , Kent-street , who committed suicide by hanging himself . The deceased had been for some time past in a staio of dt-spnndency , arising from his business having failed through another shop opening in the same street , which had taken away the chief portion of his trade . Verdict— " Temporary Insanity . '' Si : r / . nui : op _Couxtmh-kit Coin ix Biu . minuii . im . — On _Sumlav last the police of _Birniinj-lnnii lock _possession ef ii parcel containing a quantity of well executed counterfeit shillings and half-crowns , which had been manufactured in London , and transmitted to Birmhuham for circulation

      - . , _Rkcrcit-s pos thk Navy _.-TIic walls oi I _^ crpool aro cuv . ml with placards inviting sonmen to < enter the ship- helonginjs to the . rojal nu-vy , w . _in-h -.. c . now »«»« . wit atth * _dillcmil naval awenal _* _-. _£ ¦ ' _«•» _£ «¦ able 7 . m .. bcra of >»« .. have entered , . _>• - _^^ _ilwi-aiched by railway to the ports » . _¦* . } _. _wjf a _» minted .

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), March 21, 1846, page 3, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns3_21031846/page/3/