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      Could Hold The Last Grief At A Distance....

      September . 21 , 1850 f THE _,-NOtRTHERE , STA R ¦ _— - _^ - _~ _± mm - " l _" _" _" _***''' , _'" _* t _* ,, _™ _" _" _^!!^! _^ ' _¦ ' _" ' ; ¦ ' '" ¦ " ' ¦¦* ' _wL " _- ' _^ ' 'T '" _' "' Q _^ . I I _-1

      Mwq

      _mwQ

      T He Communists' Hymn. Bt -Johh Eoobwnt ...

      T HE COMMUNISTS' HYMN . bt -johh eoobwnt _barmbt . Sisters ! Brothers !; ' Fathers ! Mothersi ! Children of Community ! In dustry , it is bur _pleasure , indoor libonrswee tensleiBnre _, Shared by each and all the free . ¦ ; Letnsgothen ,

      To the mow then , - - - : Singing hymns of joy _a-field , Let ns be _the'harvest reaping , And in common garners sweeemng , j All tbe crops our meadows yield . . Work is pleasure , And the treasure :. Of our works is all our own ; Sanctified by sacred union , Shared by all in sweet communion Flowe rlike , planted , budded , blown

      Let ns all then , ; Hallowed call then , Industry , with her sweet smile ; Let ns at her neck attractive , , Mow and reap with sinews active , - Build the barn , and plant the stile . Let us ever , Praise the giver , Indnstryi of joy and health ; Let each sister , let each brother , Work salvation for the other , ; By the common love and wealth . Sisters ! Brothers ! . Pathers ! Mothers ! Give the ear to Labour ' s call ; And like music tones in nnion , "Work in glad and sweet communion , Ai _ poe Each , ssd Each for Ail I

      Mmew*.

      _mmew _* .

      The London Prisons; With An Account Ofth...

      The London Prisons ; with an Account ofthe More Distinguished Persons who have been Confined in them . By _Hepwokxh Dixon . London : Jackson and "Walford . The substance of this . volume originally _^ app eared in a series of papers in the Daily News , on the chief prisons of the metropolis . In presenting them in a collected shade , the author has materially improved them , and extended the scope of his inquiry so as to include political as veil as common prisons . This new feature possesses , for us , the greatest interest ;

      and it is evident , also , that the chapter which treats of tlie employment of the Tower as a political prison , has engaged the . largest share of Mr . Dixon ' s attention , as a historical student . In preference , therefore , to following him into ihe discussion of ihe vexata giues _Hones of our criminal jurisprudence , arising out of transportation and other secondary punishments , we shall take a few extracts from this part of the wort . It will be seen that the author possesses considerable descrip > - tive power , and the ability which imparts interest to painful subjects , without making them unduly exciting .

      In view of the sanguinary treatment of political offenders which , within a recent period , and even now , disgraces continental nations , we are frequently congratulated onthe mildness and liberality which distinguishes administration in tbis _conatrv . ' The fact is so ; but it should be recollected that we have attained this stage of civilisation , as it were , through a baptism of blood . The annals of our state prisons abound with incarcerations as abominable and as cruel as those which stain the

      memory of any similar receptacle of human suffering . "Whether they arose from the inherent ruthlessness of all political persecutionand especially of political persecution by a weak government or transitory faction—or from the personal malignity of the reigning prince or- minister , the result is the same . "We have not much left to boast of . The leaders of hostile parties were cut off by a speedy or a tardy exercise of vengeance , in such numbers as to make the pages of English history sufficiently red in their hue . Nor was

      the slaughter always confined to leaders . Sir Cheorge Bowes perpetrated the most dreadful and wholesale slaughter in putting down the rebellion of 1569 , in the counties of York and Durham , called the "Eising of the North . " Bowes seems to have been a Haynan in his way , with the exception that he did not flog women ; and , though acting nnder the orders ofa sanguinary Privy Council , he confined his retributory and repressive measures to men . Fear was evidently the motive of the ' cruelties committed in this case . The Government of

      Elizabeth seemed to be in the most imminent jeopardy , and in tbe rough-and-ready logic of that time her Conncil concurred , that the surest way of rendering themselves secure was , to hang af least one man out of every village within the circle of the disaffected country . Stowe _, the historian , says , that he learnt from Sir Geo . Bowes himself , that some of the rebels were executed in every market town and in every public place from Newcastle to "Wetherby , a distance of at least sixty miles , by forty broad , " which mustneeds , " adds the chronicler , " destroy a great number of these

      wretches ; " a concise but indubitable inference . The persecutions of James the First , his son , and Ms grandson , had not the mitigating quality ihat they -were the result of fear , ov of a frail and insecure hold npon power . They were prompted by an aggressive and despotic spirit , which sought to render the will of the monarch supreme over a _^ l institutions ; and make the people hold life and property , subject to the pleasure and the caprice of the throne . We need not , there f ore , be surprised at the expulsion of a race so hostile to pnblic liberty , and at tlie failure of every attempt to restore them to the English throne .

      In the low and melancholy church of St . Peta-ad-Vinculo , which stands at the margin ofthe fatal green in ihe Tower * , lie the remains of men and women , the victims of iH _. _regnlated ambition , or political hatred and courtly intrigue . Among these victims and martyrs there is the last resting place of John Eliot , whose treatment and heroic conduct Mr . Dixon thus deeribes : — John Eliot , the wit , the orator , the patriot , the friend of Hampden , and the foe of Charles . Sir John Eliot was one of the first and firmest asserters of

      pubic liberty against the tyrannous proceedings of Charles Stuart , and his minions ; even in a camp which held such men as Pym and Granville , Hampden and _Disges , Selden and Holies—all men of great learning and eloquence—EHot still held the foremost place . * . * Eiiot , with Selden , Hollis , and manv others , was thrown into the Tower , and ordered to be kept in close confinement , relieved only by hU examinations before the Council ; but neither solitude nor privation could bend the pride of his lofty soul . When questioned as to his doings in Parliament , he boldly replied , " Whatever was said or done b y me ia that place , and at tbat time , was

      per-{ ° f * _f _d hy me as a _pabl > c maD , and as a member of that house j ana \ m > _^ _^ ways _gj _^ _jj _^ reau _* ft give an account of my sayings and doings there , whenever I shall bs called unto by thathonse , where , as I take it it i 8 0 _„ iy to be quesl - ed . " Hollis _Mswered with equal intrepidity , as did tbe others . Snch men were worthy to be the champions of Eng-B a ™ nptiS _^ o !• After a trial , which was _IZ _i _^ t _?*^ V _P s" _* - * _ced to be confined until they acknowled ged thcmselv _. s in the wrong , aud gave security for their good behaviour . Some of them , after various _periodR nf _iLT _. . ! gave way , paid a _*^« _BKiTSrSS

      for them , aud made submission . Hollis naid 1 _nnn marks . Valentine £ 500 ; Selden and _ hotSid to admit _thejustice oftheir sentences , XSL _pnson . When the latter was told _thathe S been sentenced to pay a fine of £ 2 , 000 , he remarked _"T have t _* o cloaks , t « o suits , two pair of boX and _galoche- _. audafew books-tbat h all _nyZSl substance and if they can pick ont of that & S much good may it do them . " When it _became „ ident the captive would never make submission the court , thinking that it had got him secured for life relaxed its cruelties so far as to allow him books and ' writing materials , which he employed in _comnosin _* -

      _nis vigorous treatise called " The Monarchy of Man *' and in writing to Hampden and other friends , as al « o to his children . All this prison-born literature is profoundl y interesting . The correspondence with lug sons is described as truly noble and pathetic . He exhorted them to stand firmly by the principles for which he was gradually _falling a sacrifice—a trust lay upon them as upon himself . He says no enemy had ever been able to _« " _wo-ind his mind ; " and so long as his children remained true te their political faith , he

      The London Prisons; With An Account Ofth...

      could hold the last grief at a distance . For ttinielf ; his health was snfferirig severely from the wretched ness of his cell , the monotony , of the scene , the want of air . generous diet , he was growingfaint and feeble ; , but still he says he shouid not bate a jot of heart or hope . That tiie nation was _^ ot indifferent to its champion ' s fate is certain . -His native county petitioned in his favour , and the v * hole . country beheld his fortitude in so trying a tune with , enthusiastic admiration . . Now , when he _, was dying beyondfall hope , the king put forth bis royal arts tb induce' him to submit and accept a pardon . With this view ; it seems to have been hinted to bim , that he * had only to ask his life at his master ' s hands to receive it . He Tcouldhold ' _thelasJ grief at a ilinfi Tin _liinfi II

      accordingly wrote a manly application to the Lord Chief Justice . That ranctionary replied ,, _« 'Though brought low in body , Sir John is as . high and lofty in mind as ever ! " and that he must writs tothe king . Eliot thereupon wrote an equally manly letter to his Majesty , to which he returnedfor answer , "It'was not humMe enough ! " _. It was then changed as to its phrase , but nothing was said in it which conld , be construed into a triumph by the court . " No answer was vouchsafed . ; . His fate was then sealed . Charles had promised himself the pleasure' of humbling hia republican virtue ; and when he ' found all the arts employed to that end completely baffled , bis resentment knew no : bounds . __ Sir John lingered _s few months more , and then died , as he had lived , With '' the expression of an unconquerable love of freedom on his lips . I am sorry to relate what followed .

      When the patriot was no more ; it might have been expected that tbe hatred of his murderers would have been appeased—but it was not so—the Stuarts never knew what it was to forgive . When his children begged to be allowed to inter the ashes of their father in the same vault' with his ancestors , the ' ruthless kingreplied , '' * Let hini be buried where he died ; " ' andso he was . But the' ungated tyrant missed his object .- He thought to heap indignities on the name of his great , subject i instead of this he added a , new and paramount interest to the place , of his burial . Few men can stand by that simple grave without feeling their pulses quicken , and a generous glow about the heart ; even in death , the tyrant-hater is a conqueror . The sight of his __ tomb still nerves the mind , and inflames the patriot zeal of every ; man worthy ofthe liberties he gave his life to vindicate .

      Close upon the grave of Eliot is the restingp lace of the last offenders on whom the ancient punishment of treason was inflicted in this country-: — . ';¦ ¦ ' - , A stone marked with three circles and aline drawn through them-significant _emblem—indicates the grave in which repose the bodies of the last traitors who died for their crimes in the neighbourhood o f the Tower , and were buried in this church—the Earl of Kilmarnock , Lord fialmerino . and Simon Lord Lovat—leaders ofthe Scotch rebellion of 1745 ; Mr . Dixon brings to notice some of the more obscure inscriptions of the prison-rooms of the Tower : —

      Itis a curious subject to seek into the ' nibtives which impel men to write their names on ! their prison walls . Men of all ranks ahd characters do it : —the noble in the Beauchamp Tower } _> the felonr in the house of correction , the nmrderer in Newgate . Per haps it IS the mere instinct of activity , denied , every other mode of expending itself . When political offenders were most numerous , the greatest hardships and indignities were heaped upon them in the Tower . Except as a special grace , no books , paper , or pens were allowed to the prisoners ; no visitor , no : friend , wife , or child , no physician , no minister of religion , conld obtain admission without an order in ' council , and this was granted very sparingly . The original orders still lie in the Record Office ; and they make

      bnt a small handful of papers for two centuries , during which time many , . hundreds of wretched beings inhabited the dungeons of the Tower . Then there was what was termed close confinement . Under orders of this nature prisoners were not suffered to leave their narrow dungeons for air , rest , exercise , or the wants of nature . Asa sample of this may be quoted the act of commitment o £ the Marquis of Argyle , Marquis of Antrim , Sir Henry . Vane , and Sir Arthur Hasclrig . They are ordered to be kept in close confinement , no person to have . access'to any of them , except one servant , to be shut up in the same room wiih each ' of them' respectivel y * and _t-o be debarred from receiving letters , or using pen , ink or puper . The story ofthe sufferings borne by the great Duke

      of Norfolk , serves still better as an illustration ofthe condition of prisoners confined in the Tower in the days of the Tudors . Norfolk was the first nobleman in England ; he was uncle to Catherine Howard , and therefore nearly related to the king ; he had served his country by his wisdom in the council chamber and at foreign courts—by his valour at sea-r-and on the field of F ' odden . He had even been appointed by Henry as one of his executors during the minority of Prince Edward : : His son , Lord Surrey the poet , was one of the most graceful and accomplished . men of _the-ase , and one of the writers of whose fame England is still proud . Father and son were both arrested in one day , and , unknown to each _otberj sent to separate dungeons In the 'foweff The crime laid to

      their charge was , that they , had quartered on their shields the arms of Edward the Confessor . ' This they justified , by showing that their ancestors had done the sfime without challenge , and by producing a decision from the Herald ' s College . Not being a peer of the realm , Surrey was tried at _GuildhalU ' where _^ in spite of the clearest evidence , the court obtained ; by its foul practices , a verdict of guilty—aud the brilliant young noble was conducted at once to the block . A dark day in the annals of England was the , day of his execution . The same fate was intended for the father , but being a peer of the realm , it was necessary to get a judgment against him from his peers . This was not difficult with a king like Henry the-Eighth , and ministers li _'; e the Seymours—but it was a ; work of

      time . Parliament was called together , and a hill of attainder hurried through the houses wiih indecent haste . On the 27 th of that month—eight days after th . _' _deatb . of Surrey—it received the royal assent and orders . were sent to the Tower to have , the Duke executed next morning . But during the interval the tyrant died , and ih the confusion caused by that event Norfolk was forgotten . ' ' During the whole reign of Edward the Sixth he languished in prison . A letter written by Lira _during this reign : is still extant , in which he humbly craves permission to have some books , which were laid up at Lambeth , sent to him , for he says most pathetically hie cinnot keep himself awake—he is always dozing , and yet never ' able to sleep , nor has he ever done so fora dozen years ! ' He

      also : beseeches his masters' to allow liim to walk in the daytime , in tbe ouer chamber ,: for the sake of ins health , which has suffered very severely by his close confinement . * With a touching simplicity he observes that they can still lock him up , as at present , in his small dungeon at night . He also begs that he may be allowed sheets to lie on I - ¦ Such was the economy of an English State prison—such the usage to which the first baron ofthe realm was sub- _, jf cted , at a period when ihe laws did not even pretend to be impartial towards the great and the obscure 1 Look round the walls , of this Beauchamp Tower . Most of these inscriptions were made by men of whom no other trace is left . Like the beings of an older order of creation , thev have completely nassed awav ,

      a few marks in the granite only remaining to tell the brief story of their lives . Yet , read by the light of such memorials as Fisher and Howard have left behind , how fall of saddest eloquence they seem . H ow strangely laden with a sense of desolation , of heart * weariness , of abandoned hope , are those rudely cut old Italian words in the shield on the right hand of the first recess in the wall : — " Disposi : die .: yole : la : fortuna : che : 1 a : mea : _pperanza : va . al : vento : pianga ; ho _volio : il * tempo : perdndo : c : semper : stel : mea : ' , tristo : e : ' disconteto . " "Which may be thus rendered into ' English : —" _Si' -ce Fortune has scattered all my hopes to the winds , I wish that Time itself were no more , my star being ever sad and _unoropitious _. " The signature appended to these words is , " Willlm . Tyrrel , 1541 . " But history has left us no clue to the person or crime of any so named . Fancy will picl Ure him in various guises ; From the genuine agony of his utterance , one could readily

      believe he was lyingat thetimeundersentence of death . Another unknown , of Ihe name of William Rame , has left his _ffisdom printed on the wall under date 1559 , in the following pious proverbs : — " Better is it to be in the house of mourning than in the house of banqueting . It is better to have some chastening than over much liberty . There is a time for all things : a time to be born and a time to die : and the day of death ig better than the day of birth . There is an end for all things ; and the end of a thing is better tban the beginning . Be wise and patient in trouble , for wisdom defendeth as well as money . Use well the time of _prosperity , and remember the time of misfortune . " These lessons are among the commonplaces of our great _t-tore of verbal wisdom ; but no one can read them on the stones of Beauchamp Tower as commonplace . They seem to come like drops of blood distilled from a lacerated heart- In the third recess , part ofan inscription runs

      thus : — ' . , " Unhappy is that man Whose acts doth procure The _misei-y of this house , In prison to endure . 1570 . Tnosus Clarke . " "Who was Thomas Clarke ? jS o one knows Under it we read : — " Thomas Miagb , which Lieth here alone , That faine would from hence begone .

      And the verse goes on to say that he has been put to tlie rack in Yain , but is still kept a close prisoner . An inscription , consisting ofa pair of scales and the _folding words , catches the eye : —" 1585 . Thomas j u » T ' * As _virtuemaketh live so sin causeth death . These men have sent their names down to posterity _^ bm nothing m 6 rev Li ererylbing else they nave perished , and the memory of tbeir offences with _^ t _J _" ? emirely as > f they had never lived and provoked the jealousy ofthis world ' s rulers . From these extracts it will lie seen that _Sir . . Uixon _s _. work combines instruction of a valu-

      The London Prisons; With An Account Ofth...

      able kind ) _mthlKe livel y excTtement andiiit _* rest arising but of the stimri _gWvents _^ hich he records . .. Whether , as throwing , considerable light upon some of the most frequentl y mooted questions of the-present day * orupon the treatment of _^ _Uticalprisouers in the past , is equally worthy of perusal . ¦• _' ' ¦ ¦¦ III _f il II i i

      .; .;<+* . .;;.. " The Engineer, And Mac...

      . ; . ;< _+ * . . ;; .. " The Engineer , and Machinist , and Engineering ¦ " - and Scientific Review , for September . - : ' _-Orr and Co ., London . ' This useful periodical contains a large amount of information ; for the classes for whose special benefit it . is published . The vacillation exhibited by the managers ; of _thelndustrial Exhi bition , of 1851 , and its : consequent injurious effects upon those classes-iu this country who are likely to become competitors , meets with severe hut merited reprehension in the opening article . The folly of ¦ entrusting to titled and aristocratic amateurs the practical arrangements for au exhibition was never more

      conspicuously demonstrated . thanf in the past career of the Royal Commission .. Another interesting article is entitled * . Gutta Percha , and its application to Engineering purposes . " This material has been more rapidly and extensively applied in manufacturing and domestic economy than any jother . ever discovered by

      man . ,: /; _,-..-.. In 1843 , Dr . William Montgoraerie sent from Singapore to the Society of Arts of London , sundry specimens , for . which theyf awarded him the gold medal . The Doctor states that there aro varieties of this substance , —Gutta Griek , Gutta Tuban , and Gutta Percha , — -and that the name gutta percha is _pureTMalayan , it being pronounced ' as if f spelt pertsha ., The term " gutta" means the gum . or sap of the tree , and " percha , " the species from which the sap exudes . The use ofthis substance has increased most rapidly ; the first export from Singapore , the island on which it was first discovered , being scarcely ' tivo hundred weight , while _nowl it is

      equal to 14 , 000 _cwta . annually . Whether we look upon it as useful as a decorative agent , for multiplying at n rate hitherto unequalled for cheapness and durability , those specimens of the beautiful , the works of the pencils of our artists , or the gravers of our sculptors , —or as applicable to the less ostentatious uses of various branches in social economy , —wo can have no hesitation in noticing _guttapercha ns one of the most remarkable substances which has yet been , introduced , and one which bids fair—if that is' possible —to be applied to more numerous uses than we

      have hitherto seen it . Extended in its applications to a degree never yet possessed by one and the same substance—unaltered in its composition , and subjected to the same processes of prcparationf-we find it as simply and easily , brought , out in the shape ofan elaborate piece of carving , fit for the palace of a king , as in tho plainest form used for the exterior covering ofa . peasant's shoe . Its applications are daily multiplying , anil thc q uestion is not "for how many purposes can it be used ? " —but , struck by the _never-rcea ' _sing novelties it is changed to , — " where will its applications cease ?"

      After noticing a great variety of purposes to which this exceedingly valuable article has been applied , ' thefollowing is mentioned , which appears to us deserving of wide publicity , and calculated tobe very-serviceable in the humblest households . By tho adoption of this plan , a water-tight , clean , and healthy cistern , may be obtained for a mere triflle . r __ . An ; engineer , of some note , had ordered a wooden cistern to he made for the ' purpose of supplying the boiler of adlrect acting engine . Prom some defect in the ' workmanship , needless to be here specified , tho cistern when finished and set up : in its place , leaked very badly . It could not be remedied , but at a considerable expense . The engineer when referred to , thought of a simple remedy to obviate the defect : he remembered that the

      solution U 3 ed for fastening guttapercha soles on , was nothing but that substance dissolved in naptha . No sooner was the idea settled in his mind but it was acted upon ; the cistern was . emptied and reversed over a coke fire , to dry , it . This done , a good quantity ( a rare order for the vendor of the gutta percha soles ) of the solution was obtained and melted , till" of the consistence of paint . By a broad brush , this " patent waterproof paint "* was guickly applied to the interior of the . cistern . As

      each coat dried the operation was repeated , till three coats were thus put on '; they ' dried'quickly . The cistern was pnee more put up in- its place , with a beautiful layer "• ¦ of gutta percha covering its interior . ; It leeked no more from that day . to this . " The . whole ? operation cost-five shillings ; a lead lining would have cost as many pounds . This simple aiid admirable plan has since been privately adopted for lining cisterns . ' The ; remaining articles are written with a thorough knowledge ofthe subjects referred to , and , as far as we can judge , in an impartial spirit .

      Mdclienzie's Educational Boohs. Mackenzi...

      Mdclienzie ' s Educational Boohs . Mackenzie , Wine-office Court , London . ' Foe a mere trifle Mr . Mackenzie has put it in the power of a poor working man to ' supply his children with an ascending series of , admirable school hooks , beginning in the simplest and most elementary , and gradually rising to the more complicated and difficult studies of our usual commercial schools . "When ' , we £ ay that Mavor _' s Spelling Book , and Murray's

      Grammar , are each to be obtained for a couple of pence , and this bthei * works " at a like price , we have done sufficient to indicate the' value of the boon wliich this series confers on the working classes . The high rates at which they are ordinarily published , constitute a serious item in the quarterly school bill of the middle classes , and we can conceive of no undertaking \ . mbre useful . ' in- itficlf , or more worthy of general support , than one which thus places the power of acquiring accurate and varied knowledge , within the reach of the humblest classes of society . .

      . . . Excroacniients On St. James's Park...

      . . . ExcROAcniiENTS on St . James ' s Park . —Once upon ii time , as the ancient chroniclers report , Queen Elizabeth took it into her head to enclose St . Jamea ' _s Park ; and on consulting her great Chancellor as to the cost at which it might bo done , the staitled philosopher replied—" . To enclose the Park , madam . '—a crown . " The Londoners have ever retained a proverbial , almost passionate , love , of their parks . Their fathers for many generations back have sported _thoro as children , made lovo there in their prime , reposed amid tbeir leafy shades in old age . Physically , these green spaces arc called the lungs of London ; morally and historically they are not less intimately connected with a metropolitan organisation . The Hellenes had their sacred groves ;

      Englishmen have their parks , which in en other sense they hold to be every inch sacred ground . They look confidently on these verdant expanses as a property set apart for ever , an inheritance of health , beauty , and innocent enjoyment to their children ' s children . It is now said tliat the proposal—made in Parliament last session , and then understood to be abandoned—to cut off and enclose a large portion of St . James _' _s-park : is in progress of being carried into effect . ' This noble garden' was solemnly , made over to the public—it is maintained at the public expense—no whisper has been uttered against ; the order , care , and abstinence which have marked the behaviour of those who use it . Every fine Sunday it is said that 50 , 000 person . " , from the

      close and crowded courts and alleys of the city , spend the greater part of tbe day among its pleasant haunts—keep up here their alliance with Nature—take moral lessons from the scent and hue of flowers and the song of birds , and treasures of health from the free breeze . Of this reservoir of many of the beneficent agencies that the people bave needed so long , and now use so harmlessly , it would seem that they are now about to be to a great extent deprived . We trust the Minister will not commit the Queen and her people to a quarrel on such a point . The public cannot afford to lose a yard of tbis park . There is no wise government which takes on itself to sequester any part of it in the absence of Parliament . It is well to speak plainly , because authority ia just now _coquetting offensively with the park at Richmond . There is something especially ungracious in the circumstance that these encroachments are made under the

      sanction ofa statesman who is not only , lodged in town atthe public charge , but occupies gratuitously a house and grounds belonging to the nation situate iu one of our beautiful parks . —Athenceum . Hatnau . —The following inscription may bo seen chalked upon a wall at Bankside , in ' the neighbourhood of Barclay and Perkins' brewery : — " Near this spot , in the arms of the police , and covered with dirt , fell General Haynau , 4 th Sept , 1850 . Tho very stones do prate of his whereabout . " Paul ' s Evebt Man ' s Fbiend , ( Corn Plaister _. ) m » y be relied on as a speedj and certain cure for those painiul anil Stubborn _annojimse * _Qtmmd ¦ Bunions , causing the lame and afflicted to walk with comfort . A large ahd incrcasinf _* demand having proved Us efficacy , ' has Induced several persons to put up a spurious _pteparatkm _. _so be sure to ask for "Paul ' s Every Man ' s Friend . " and do not be persuaded to purchase any tiling else . A single trial wUl convir . co or its immeasurable superiority over all other _plaist-jrs , liquids , & c .

      • L-^.* .I *I: Usi '".F;R __?_ --'Ti. * R.-..-V-I .

      • _l- _^ . _* . i * i : uSi '" . f ; r __?_ _-- ' ti _. * r _.-..-v-i .

      Jme!Itth7tij^K ^ Comes It That Oysters T...

      Jme ! itth _7 _tij _^ k _^ comes it that oysters thrive so ? - - nol ak _^ _SiS . _" _^ _*** handle , there ' s _thvSlwS- _*^ _- _-I _« hou wilt ; befcured by tby ignorance , _confess it _* - man _ww ° n P NIOti i 8 a . _'i , ) ri 8 diction _* _K < _h _«>« wise deWf . _™* - ent , re , y 'ecognnise nor entirely horTe soin a / n ? n n r _raale J «« PPing on one _leglike _' a gSo £ | - * _^^ Stest . Pace _?^ Because _* it ' s . a _wZ _^ _i ? _*? , Use _* ° Nelson ' s statue be like , 3 _M ' v green ba ; _* _- ' _- rfae _& " » Mat ,

      J _^ _Tt Zi Whlch w e- »» ake 'One friend and one ! _SLJ _Jt-H _$ , . atue because revenge is a much stronger principle tban gratitude . ' ' ¦ _nmvnJLtM HouSEO , CoMMONs .-Accordingtoa _parliamentarypapery £ 9 , 400 will- be required in the of the new House of Common ' . ¦ •' , _t _™ * M » n the , 80 il of freedom , " cried a stump J « 2 n _..-. exoIai _* nedf his _ehoemaker , " you stand in _. a pair of boots _thatvyoufhave never paid J _^ _nf Tam imia i 8 of _"self Pleasure ; but to know this , one must have suffered . : UBENCH _JouRNALs . _-Of one hundred journals founded after the French revolution , ninety-six havo already perished .

      _. i TP _. _^ , tton is the lowest _fsouled of all animals , the butcher s boy is to him an Atlas bearing heaven on _rns shoulders . . . , _< _.-., ° _. 'N ov the claimants on the Treasury , after repe _^ wlthout « # < _" ! ( query ; effeets ) , was coolly told by the chief clerk , that he wasn ' t wasting his r ! - / . as „ certainly , appeared to be acquiring "habits of application . " ,.-, i . ' _-.:. ' .. ' _:.-A curiosity . —Amongst _^ the , '' latest from America , it is stated that an _editor down east got his pocket fullof money ,, and was . afraid to go by the Museum , lest they should catch him for _; a curiosity . 1 eople who are always talking -sentiment have usually not very , deep feelings . ; The less water you have in your kettle , the sooner it begins to make a noise and smoke .

      The Honey-comb . —? ' Mother , why docs Pa' call you honey ? ' . ' -. " Because , imr dear . he loves me . " - " No Ma' that isn ' t it , " - " It isn ' t ! What is it then ?"— ' I'know . " —" Well , what is it , then ?" — * Why , its because , ' you have 60 much comb in your head—that ' s why . " ff ' Jf xouarenot ' resolve ' d steadfastly _, to combatj to bear everything without , bending , never to weary , never to yield , keep your chains , and renouiice ' a liberty of which you are . unworthy . .. A NEi _ T . married couple riding in a carriage , were overturned , whereupon a sYander-bv said it was " A shocking sight . " " Yes , " said ' _tHe gentleman , " to see those just wedded fall out so soon ; " ,

      A lady having surprised : her ; husband kissing her maid , took ; the earliest . opportunity of discharging her j observing , "Ihave no longer any need of you ; the work you dp here , I am quite able to perform myself . " _^ ¦ .. : : " <¦" ¦ ; In yeaiis gone' by , when it was the fashion for ladies to trim their straw bonnets with , artificial wheat and barley in ears ,, a satirist of the ; time " let on" as foIIowr _i— _' . _!¦ : ;; : ¦ . ' .: a "Who now of threatening famine dare complain ; " . When every female forehead teems with " ¦ grain ? . , See how the wheat sheaves hod amid the plumes—Our barns are now transferr'd to drawing room '

      And husbands who indulge in active lives , To fill tiieir granaries , may thrash their wives . " A bookseller , while making his catalogue , came to a Hebrew book , and not knowing how to Oame it , set down , "Moreover , a book , the . beginning , of which is at the end . " John Wilkes was once asked by a Roman Catholic gentleman ; in a warm dispute on' religion , " Where was your Church ' before Luther ?"" "Did you wash your face this morning ? " inquired the facetious alderman . " I'did , " sir . '' 7 " Then , ; pray where was your face before it was washed >" The _enormous gun of Beejapore , one of the greatest trophies ofthe Mahratta war , is expected to arrive in England in the course , of next month , and is to form a prominent object in the Industrial Exhibition . It is cast entirely of brass , ahd weighs forty-1 ¦

      one tons . ' . ; . ...... j " : . ExniBiiioN of 1851 . —The Nacionnl , Lisbon pa , per , states thai nothing will be sent from Portugal to the General Exhibition of Industry ; and this remains uncontradicted by " -the . other papers ., As Portugal had a national . exliibition last year , this seems the more surprising .. . 7 , _i The Standard _BEAitEn . —A Fable —A standard bearer "as sent out to raise the inhabitants of a certain town . As he ran through the streets , 'he ' dragged tho standard behind him , so that , iti trailed jn , the mud ; and a rabble of boys and dirty vagabonds ran after hiin trampling upon it . ' After a"while he turned round to . see whof'followed hira ; ' Looking

      upon the rabble and upon the torn' and dirtied standard , he was about to revile the . towii ' s-peoplei ' when one of them advised him after this fashion : — "The next time you aro appointed to carry a banner ; beatit heavenward , that the sun may shine upon it , and the pure winds float it over our heads ; that we may read the moUo ' upori it . When you trail it through the mud , you disgrace : the cause whose servant you would call yourself , and no upright man can read your message . ' -T- _^ E M . Another SiNECUttE . —The offices of ranger and keeper of St . _Janes's Park , and Hyde Park , vacant by ihe death of , the . late Duke of Cambridge , have been bestowed iipon the Duke of Wellington . '

      The Railway . King . _—Ash'ewd Northumbrian farmer , who has ' . a race-horse , which , until , lately , was called , the Railway _Kingj has , in consequence ol recent occunvnees , changed his name to 13 _cggar-my-Neijjhboui' . —Sunderland Herald . Irish Labooi ; ebs : 4-A respe _' ctable farmer stated to . us ( Waterford A eivs ) this , week , that he is acquainted with farmers who have labourers emplojed at the niunifieiont sum of _scvenpence per week , and their diet ; and others have offered to work for their diet alone . : _- '

      Sir R . Peel s Originality ;—Blackwood , in , his number for September , demolishes one of Sir Robert Peel ' s pretensions to originality . Everybody , thought that the famous saying , "The' battle of the constitution is _t-. i be fought in the registration courts , " was Sir Robert ' s "; but'it ' . is ' now shown that the phrase was printed in large capitals in thc peripdicBl ( of which the statesman , was a regular reader ) in the month of May before lie uttered it ! " Pig-tail . "—An acute arithmetician has calculated that , if all , the , tobacco consumed in Great Britain iii , one . year hadbeen worked into "pig-tail , " half an inch thick , it would have formed a line' ninetynine thousand four hundred and seventy miles long ; enough _t" girdle the world nearly four , times !

      Largo Law has a venerable inhabitantof eightysix , the mother of thirteen sons and daughters , who have seventy-three children and nine grandchildren . She boasts that she has sent off eleven , daughters , each with a heavy two-horse cartful of household furniture and household gear , and never found _hersell the poorer , _"f ,, - ., _--, Animal Cunning ' . —A farmer in the North di _* ccvered that a fox came . along a beam in the night to seize . his poultry . He ace ' ordinglv sawed the end of ihe beam nearly _througlij' and in the night the fox fell into a place whence he could not escape . On going to him in the morning , the farmer found him stiff , and , as he thought , lifeless . Taking him out of the building , he threw ! him on the dunghill , but in a short time Reynard , opened his eyes , and seeing that all'was Beifo and . clear ,, _galloppcd away to the mountain , showing mure cunning thau the man who ensnared liim . - ! ' ;; ¦ " " •' ¦ ' _' ¦

      Thk Housb Fly . —Affly . 'on thc wing is no less curious an object than one , on foot ; yet when do we trouble our heads about it , . except as a thing which tvoubles u- * ? The most obvious wonder of its flight is __ its variety of direction , most usually forwards , with its back like a bird ; but on occasions backwards , with its back downwards , as when slatting from the window and alighting on the ceiling . Marvellous velocity is another of its characteristics . By fair comparison of sizes , what is the ; swiftness of a race-horse clearing his mile a minute , tothe speed of a fly cutting through her third of the same distance in the same time !

      ' The f ] oman Rack . —The u * -ual estimates of the population of the globe vary from eight hundred to a thousand millions ; and taking the meau , the human family would seem to be distributed among the race " in something like the following proportions : ' —Tlie White , 350 , 000 , 000 ; the Moneolian , 300 , 000 , 000 ; the Mala ; an , 120 000 , 000 ; ' thoTeliugan _, 60 , 000 , 000 ; the Negro , 55 , 000 , 000 ; the Ethiopian , 5 _. 000 _. 0 UO ; the Abyssinian , 3 . 000 . 000 ; thc Papuan , 3 , 000 , 000 ; the Negrillo , 3 , 000 . 000 ; the Australian , 500 , 000 ; thfi Hottentot , 500 , 000 .

      Cruelties of Haynau . —The traveller in mountainous regions often stands in the edge of an abyss so deep , and dark , and fearful , that he shuddeis to look down into the chasm . With a similar feeling humanity recoils before the character of this Haynau , scarcely daring to cast a glance into its depths , so fmhtfu ! is every outward and visible manifestation of the . influences there at work . Hardly had he received the command , hardly had he time to muster his forces , reconnoitre the ground upou which he was to begin the war iu earnest , hardly had he issued a single order ofthe dav , when already two sentences

      of death had received his signature . Baron Mednianski died on the gallows , and with hira Gruber , on the 5 th of June , atPressburg . The fcrme ' r as commandant , and the latter as artilleryman , had taken an active part in the defence ol Leopoldstadt . A cry of horror rang through the whole empire , a wild cry of revenge echoed through Hungary , when people saw the manner in which Ilaynau passed sentence 0 n the prisoners of war ; aiid , hhrdly had the pftle look of _horror disappeared from men's countenances , when the sentence of death was passed and executed ( June 18 th ) on the priest Ra / ga . In vain had the citizens of Pressburg supplicated mercy for this universally honoured man : he Was doomed to the ' gallows , and

      Jme!Itth7tij^K ^ Comes It That Oysters T...

      ever since that time the hangman . has had fu ) l employment . wherever"Haynaii-s ' _courts-martia _;! ' have been' held / Bat witli alMiis blood */ sentences Haynau could only create martyrs :: to intimidate , to terrify " , to ' 'disarm , td ' ' dbnnif < _x , ' _'W'if _^ 'dnahlei _^ A _^ _'Mlesinger ' s Wa ) _% in Hungary ! Z [ Z ' " . ) .. 7 -v ' .. ' . '

      Brother Chartists&Gt;. '¦ 'Beit/M- 'Of " Ii R Olvis&Gt;In Sheepi '• Fj '7 '7" "'•'. Clothing! ¦!''' ¦ " ¦ ' ¦ ' : F ;R|1 '''" ,; '! ' ; 7

      Brother Chartists > . ' ¦ ' Beit / m- 'of " II r olvis _> in Sheepi '• fJ ' 7 ' 7 " _"'•' . Clothing ! ¦! '' ' ¦ " ¦ ' ¦ ' : f ; r | 1 '''" '! ' 7

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      - DUtierersare earnestly cautioned against dangerous imitations of these medicines by youthful , self-styled doctors , wno copy _^ _his announcement , professto cure complaints tor 10 s . only , and dare to infringe the proprietor ' s right by _makm-r truth-ess assertions , and advertising a spurious compound under another , the use of which will assuredly hrmg annoyance and disappointment .

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      SKIN ERUPTIONS , ' SCROFULA , .. DISEASES OF THE BONES , AND GLANDS . DU . DE ROOS '\ CONCENTRATED GUTTjE VITiB ( _pr Life'Drops ) is as its name implies a safe and permanent _^ cure , for . every variety ef disease _arising , from solitary habits , youthful delusive excesses , and .-infection ,, such , as . ' gonorrhrea _, syphilis . He , which from neglcctor impropertreathibntby mercury , copaiba , cubebs , and other deadly poisons , invariably end in some ol the following forms of secondary symiitom ' 8 ,. viz ., pains and swellings inthe . bones , Joints aud glands , skm eruptions , blotchtsand pimples . _Ayeakhess . ' of the ' eyes ' , * loss , of liair , disease and decay of the nose , sore throat , pains in the side , back , aiid loins , fistula ; piles ,, die ., obstinate diseases of the kidneys . * and bladder , gleet , ; stricture ,. seminal weakness , nerveusand , sexual debility , Iossfofniemovy , aiid : finally such a state of drowsiness , lassitude ' and _general prostration of strength , unless skilfully arrested , f soon ends in a miserable death ! :..,, " , ' f . " ... ' " .

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      PAINS IN TUE BACK , GRAVEL , LUMBAGO , RHEUMATISM , GOUT , INDIGESTION , DEBILITY , STRICTURE , GLEET , & o . > _V \ R . DE ROOS' _COMFOUKD EENAL * - _^ FILLS ( of which there are useless imitations under other titles ) have in many'instances effected a cure when all other means had failed , and are now established by the consent of tlie FACULTY as tlio most safe and efficacious remedy ever discovered for the above dangerous complaints , and diseases of thc kidneys and urinary orcans generally ; whether resulting from imprulence or otherwise ; which , f if neglected ,: frequently end in stone of the bladder , and a lingering ' death ! > It is an . established fact that most cases of gout and rhematism occurring after middle age , - are combined with diseased urine , lionr necessary is it then , that persons thus afflicted should attend to these important matters . By the salutary action of these pills on _acidityiof the stomach ,. they correct bile and indigestion , purify and promote the ' renal secretions , thereby preventing the formation of stone , and establishing for life a healthy performance of the functions of these organs .

      Ad00317

      Brother Chartists Beware !¦ " of Wolves in _Sheeps Clothing . " HuTTUKES EFFECTUALLY CURED WITHOUT A TIUIRS !! ¦ THE ONLY CURE FOR RUPTURE Is DR _. ROOS' REMEDY , of which there ave numerous dangerous imitations ; sufferers , are therefore earnestly cautioned against a gang of youthful impudent sell-styled doctors , some of whom have lately left the dough trough , and others the tailors ' board , who dishonestly counterfeit this discovery , adopt a multiplicity of names , both English and Foreign , for obvious rensous ; forge _testimonies ; profess ( under the name of a lady assumed for the purpose ) , amongst other wonders , to tell the character of persons from their handwriting , produce whiskers , & c ., in a few weeks , and by assertions the most absurd and confliciing . have recourse to tho basest practises to victimise the public . Testimonials from numbers of tho Faculty and patients who have been cured of Rupture , establish the efficacy of I ) B . Dr ! HOOS * ItEMUDY in every case hitherto tried . It is perfectly free from danger , causes no pain , confinement , or inconvenience , applicable to both sexes , and all

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      ' _W _^ _MP _^ _WAW _i € _^^^ _fYm '' NEW ZZ . z _' y _^ "REMEDY !! H tocii has nm * been known to fail—A cure _effected -d ' atwb , ' J _, _mZ _„ the Money returned . ''¦ ' 7 . _MATNu _S BACK . 6 RAYEL , LUMBAGO . RHBUMA 1 I _8 M , QOUT , DEBILITY , STRICTURE , GLEET ; _ c . _. ¦ : _,, . P' _^ _'i BARKER'S ¦ _•** _.- ¦ :., P : _? -, J _e ; I o ; ; : pi i / xs ft _noK ih _„^ l . i kn 0 Wu ¦¦ _'¦«» only certain cure for pains in the back and kidneys , gravel , lumbago , _rheu-S * " _^ aj _. _l _^ _^*;**** " _^ diseases of the bladdertuid urinary organs generally , whether the result of imprudence ine unctioni

      Ad00319

      ON PHYSICAL- _UIStlUALIFICATIONS , _GENERATIVE INCAPACITY , AND IMPEDIMENTS TO MARRIAGE . Tliirty-first edition , illustrated with Twenty . Six Anatomi . cal Engravings on Steel ' , ' enlarged to' 19 G pages , _'pvice 2 s . 6 d ; by ' post , direct from the Establishment , 3 s . ' in postage stamps . ; - THE SIL EN T F RIE N D ; a medical work on tho exhaustion and physical decay of tlsesystem , produced by excessive indulgence , the consequences of infection , <» r the abuse of mercury , with _observations on the marrried state , and the _disqualifica ' _tionii wliich prevent it ; illustrated by twenty-six _colouredien-. gravings , and by the detail of cases . By R . and I . PERRY and . Co ., 19 , Berners-street , Oxford-street , London ..: . . Published by tlie authors , and sold by Strange , 21 , Pater _, noster-row : Hannay , 63 , and Sanger , 150 , Oxford-street , Starie , 23 , Tichborne-street , Haymarket ; and Gordon ,, 146 , Leadenhall-street , London . ; J . and R . Raimes and _0 o ., Leithwalk , Edinburgh ; D . Campbell , _Ai-syll-street , Glasgow ; . T . ; Priestly , Lord-street , and T . Newton , Chui _* ehstreet , Liverpool ; 11 . Ingram , Market-place , Manchester

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      IMPORTANT . Established Fifty Years . THE great _guccegs which has attended Messrs . _PEEDE iu their treatment of all those Diseases arising from _iiriinrction or excess , and the number of cures performed by them , is a sufficient proof of their skill and ability in the treatment of those complaints . Messrs . 1 _' _eebe , Surgeons & c ., may be consulted as ' usual from 9 till 2 , and G till 10 , in all stages of the above complaints , in the cure of which they have been so _pre-tmiinently successful , from their peculiar method of treatment , when all other means hare failed , whieh lias secured for them the patronage and gratitude of many thousands who have benefited by their advice and medicine . Their treatment has . been matured by an extensive practice in London for upwards of Fi ty Years , and will not subject any patient to restraint of diet or hindrance trom business .

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), Sept. 21, 1850, page 3, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns3_21091850/page/3/