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M J^fMl^itoD.
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- TO THE WOEEmGlCLASSES. ~ Mr vest . ' b...
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jTdmp Jntelli^itm
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SPAIN. General Cordova has resigned his ...
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INDIA AND CHINA. Akhival of the Oveblanb...
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FOREIGN MISCELLANY
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( AND MTIOML :.T_R&DES^JQUieMM: ¦ ' ' ''...
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YQL. IX. NO. 419. LONDON, SATURDAY, ^VEM...
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favouV'^Herard, the former President .of...
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pasts? vWbflwnts;
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. IMPORTANT ME ETING OF LONDON CARP ENTE...
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UM lphALmiTED ASSOCIATION FOR THE* PROTK...
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*—""*"' * ' ¦-__. I » Thb Miners of Duki...
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
Additionally, when viewing full transcripts, extracted text may not be in the same order as the original document.
M J^Fml^Itod.
_M J _^ _fMl _^ _itoD .
- To The Woeemglclasses. ~ Mr Vest . ' B...
- TO THE WOEEmGlCLASSES . _~ Mr vest . ' beae TsxBSDs , -- _^ _Nbaij and many a time lave I had serious cause to complain of your indifference . It has fiegnently . panned' tliat " cirenmgtances have come so thick npon yon all at once , and not being able to see your way , yon have charged me and others with short-sightedness injnot having taken the precautionary steps necessary to meet them . In a thousand instances of this kind I have been com
pelled to repel the charge of want of precaution or foresight , by directing your attention to the fact that onr want of preparedness arose from your indifference , and not from yonr leaders' want of precaution . U pon reconsideration you have frequently found that 1 have been for years _pupating you for the advent of those circumstances ; bnt yon were deaf to my teaching , indifferent to my exhortations , ' and ' regard-** 2 es 5 of . my advice .
Itis a very thankless , but I trust not a hopeless task , to endeavour to associate the working classes of a whole nation , and to make them of one common mind , to be used for one common purpose . Having said so much by way ef comment on the past , I shall now apply my criticism to the present , in the hope that it may tend to better , future results . If I am tedious , and recapitulate what I have stated scoresof times before , lay the blame to your own indifference , inaptness to learn , or forgetfulness of what yon have
been taught , rather than to my love of repetition or prolixity .. The Land Plan , as a means of creating an entirely new and _isnkeekdeki class of labourers , Las been my study for years , my dream by night , my thought by day , and my hope at' all times . I haye become so fond of it , that I may be led into _captiousness or anger while discussing it ; but , nevertheless , I trust that through the childish predilection of the parent yon will see a paternal ' care manifested for the ofispring .
1 say that ray object in the outset was to establish an independent class of labourers ; and as many attempts have been made by letter , speech ; and resolution to thwart this my primary object , it shall be the head that I will now discuss . Parties who are wholly ignorant of the value of the Land , and of its capabilities , are made to say that they see , in these small allotments of two acres , a dread lest the English occupants of that amount should be reduced te Irish serfdom , and many good , but shortsighted people require either that tiie allotments should be larger , or that those of two acres should be purchased contiguous to a manufacturing town , so that thereby the
occupant may play the double part ofa manufacturing and agricultural labourer . Now this would at once cut at the Tery root ofthe principle ; and , so far from its practical working having the effect of removing the surplus hand ' s from the artificial labour market , it would have the diametrically opposite effect I have always waned against man ' s instincts , wliich , if not subdued by protective mildness , may be thwarted into competitive injustice . Selfishness is the characteristic of man . It is more than habitmore than propensity—more than custom—and . can be only governed bythe circumstances in which he is placed . If , then , we take a town having 5 , 000 of a
manufacturing population , 1 , 000 of which is a competitive surplus , rendered competitive by circumstances over which they have no control , and if we locate that 1 , 000 upon allotments so contiguous to the artificial labour market as to enable them to compete when they pleased with their former assoelates , I have no guarantee , you have no guarantee , those for the moment relieved of their competition bare no guarantee , that they may not , if engaged in the double pursuit of agriculture and manufactures , still continue as a portion ofthe competitive
powernay , as its worst section—and that it may not , as opportunity offers and circumstances press , be con-Terted into a controlling power . Men who have nothing ~ to rely upon hut their day ' s wages , possess within themselves all the elements of combination , and all the materials necessary for resisting their masters' aggressions . Do we not every day see that the'boldest spirits brave death itself in defence of their order . ' Have we not witnessed thousands bearing starvation without a murmur , rather than break the natural code that binds them to tlieir
brotheriood ? If , upon the other hand , 1 , 000 men , or any large portion of them , relieved frem all apprehension of want , and released irom all the conditions of corfederacy , should at any time feel disposed to devote a portion of what they may term their leisure hours io artificial labour , they would , from their circumstances , be the most obstinate , uncontrollable and deadly enemies of the artificial _labouring class . My object has _fcsen to establish a class , every man of which will have the power to arrive at a thorough knowledge of the value of his own labour , with the conviction that the artificial scale should then be
raised to the natural standard ; and tbat , if the -agricultural labourer prefers the artificial market , he will have a standard by wbich he will be enabled to judge of his value . I have always made what ctruckrae to be the proper distinction between small farms and allotments . The allotments I have shown to be merely necessary , and _mayte very small , say the eighth of an acre , for growing vegetables and _flower ? , and affording amusement to the families of those who are otherwise employed , while I have shown that the only amount of Land that can be valuable to a man who performs no other labour , is inst tbat quantity which he can conveniently
cultivate . If he has more than he can cultivate , hepays rent for what he does not require . If he has less , he is deficient ! of . tiie means of devoloping the full value ofhis whole labour . The great question , then , was to agree upon the proper amount ; and I stated that no man , with the aid of tliree or four well-grown chiluren , could cultivate even so much as two acres to the _highestadvantage . Some persons , however , with capacious notions , and without a particle of practical . knowledge upon the subject , lay it down that a man and his family could not exist upon two acres of ground ; and straightway a new principle , a very dangerous principle , is sought to be introduced—the principle of establishing a kind of hermaphrodite society of half agricultural labourers and half manufacturing slaves . I never dreamt that all at once the
occupants of a single district , contiguous to a manufectnring labour market , would betake themselves , as if by magic , to an agricultural life ; but I was convinced that the charm of that simple state presents soinany _miraistakeable comforts , that , by degrees , they would be weaned from that which entailed the greatest drudgery , the greatest dependence , the greatest imcertainty , and the greatest amount of servility . _KotwithstSuding my reliance upon t his charm , however , I still feel assured that this novel undertaking must be entered upon with as few inducements to complete , and as many to emulate , as possible . We must not admit the principle that we are going to establish an association of this heterogeneous kind , because the very belief that the double rescource is necessary , will lead to non-reliance upon
that which of itself is abundant . lake the factions , however , plenty , two strings to yonr bow and a choice of markets , is a good " _enr , " and faction thrives better upon a good " cry" than upon the best principle . I am provoked to make those remarks in consequence of a speech delivered by a person whom I must presume to be a shareholder , at the meeting held on Sunday week last at Dews bury , and the resolutions emanating from which were published inlast Saturday ' s Star . This gentleman appeara to me to have had ample reasons for not becoming a shareholder , and , perhaps , as ample reasons for now discovering the . awkwardness ofhis position , and in another speech , or in a comment
• on all the speeches , there are so many straw-men knocked down by this one man of steel , that we were forcibly reminded of poor Mr . Bradshaw , and bis opponent Mr . Smith , in " Chambers' Employer and Employed . " If the society was _uscoxDrriox ___(_ i . r to give £ 15 16 s . Sd . to each member as he was lo . « _iicd , the society would t 7 . cn be very foolish , and the realisation would be very fboblematicai , indeed . If tke society were to exonerate all its located members from all consideration of those not located , the society would be anything but paternal . If the _socieiy was to undertake to divide £ 37 , 000 amongst the 2 000 original members , the society may not be enabled to perform it , and so far the society ould fail I and all this too from an _aubiibaet best
- To The Woeemglclasses. ~ Mr Vest . ' B...
We are not let into the secret whether the matter to which I now allude was delivered to the meeting in a speech , or whether it was kisdlt sent by way of comment on all the . speeches—but this much I do know , that it savours very strongly indeed of existing _difficulties with which the forthcoming Conference will have no difficulty whatever in dealing . Difficulties which I and my brother , directors , have considered over and over again , and difficulties , the facility of correcting which Ihave explained to _moee than oxb philosopher . But , perhaps , it was thought more prudent to comment upon them before they were corrected .
In this very egotistical and very . inconclusive commentary , we are told that the rent of £ 5 a-year for what the society proposes to give , and _wiBgiye _, is a mere arbitrary rent-a high rent—the apportioning of which will have anything bnt a salutary effect upon the sale of the Land , because it will be burdened by cottages and population . In passing , - I here repeat my old assertion , tbat 2 , 000 men in England will not , as individuals , get what the society proposes to give them , and will give to thm , for £ 10 a-year . Those gentlemen , who would so- * pitefully nibble at the details of this Land Plan , appear to lose sight altogether of the following facts : — * _¦ ¦ ' Firstly , that it breaks through the law of primogeniture . -.
Secondly , that it brings the Land from the whole sale into the retail market , and thereby makes it available ta individual purposes , by giving each man the exact quantity he requires for the exercise of free labour . Thirdly , that without co-operation it could not be done at all , and Fourthly , and above all , for reasons that I have assigned before , neither landlords , manufacturers , capitalists , nor Government , will undertake to forward the principle of sub-dividing the Land for the purposes of free labour .
_ _N ow , my friends , apart from any opposing dc > trine , I submit to you the following simple principle for jour consideration : —Land is the thing-that produces _everything upon which you live , and whieh gives you every comfort you enjoy . The witholding of the Land from you hitherto has subjected your wages to that capricious scale by which capitalists would measure it . The Land is a thing daily purchased as an article of traffic in the wholesale market . No attempt till now has ever yet Leen made to subdue it to your uses by bringing it into the retail market . Bythe application of as much labour as the health of each occupant will allow them respectively and comfortably to devote to agricultural purposes , I hope to create a class of free labourers so large as to set an example worthy of imitation to the working classes of the country .
In propounding this principle for practical working to the last Chartist Convention , I stated that what was then done in the way _otudetail must be taken as mere guess . That it would require five weeks to consider and mature all the machinery necessary for carrying out the principle , but that when we had 2 , 000 enrolled members , that then , according to the true spirit of popular representation , they , by themselves or their delegates , would be
called together to amend and alter the rules as far as necessity required . I was aware that each day ' s consideration would considerably inure the public mind for that day's discussion , and , therefore , although many attempts have been made to force me into a controversy by anonymous writers , by friends , and by foes , I have abstained from offering any suggestion as to the required _alterations , while Ihave placed the question before you in such a way as was likely to insure consideration and sound action .
Then you will understand that my object is to buy the Land in the wholesale market , and to divide it in the retail market , with such profit and such benefits cs the wholesale purchaser in any other commodity derives from his traffic . Such is the whole plan , while you are called together without reference to £ 37 , 000 surplus , or anything beyond the honourable working of the principle , to say what the profit accruing to each retail purchaser out of the consolidated fund shall be , and bow it shall be secured to
him , and , if you can't do that , don't blame me . There is nothing on earth more easy . I have shown you before , that if 1 , 000 individuals require a hat each , tbat each may have to give 12 s . for the hat , whereas if the thousand club their money , they may , by cooperation , avail themselves of the retail profit , and purchase a hat for 8 s . each . Even this is not a parallel case ; because , as retail purchasers of hats , you should pay the manufacturing profit , whereas you save it in the manufacture of Land .
Now , notwithstanding this simple illustration , our critics would actually persuade us that the building of cottages , and better manufacture of the Land , would deteriorate the value of the property . It is remarkable how every scheme for acquiring large interest , undertaken by the trading class , either receives the co-operation of the critics , or passes uncensured , while , curious to say , every proposition made for the benefit bf the most powerful of all classes , is considered a 3 a Utopian , impracticable scheme . Some go so far , in the midst of starvation , as to ask sagaciously , "What shall we do with the surplus V while others cry out , " Lo I we shall starve I" Others say , " How can you give £ 15 out of afund to each of 2 , 000 persons , who only pay _ £ 2 10 s . each ? " If they got it all , each of the 2 , 000 at one axd the same this , it would be a very
difficult problem to solve ; but when they receive it out of the certain p > rofits arising out of the co-operative fund , at such times as that fund will afford it , then the difficulty is no difficulty at all . I have told you how to get the Land ; I will assist you ia showing you how to make the best use ofit ; and then I will devote my every moment to instruct the occupants , as they are allotted , in the art and practice of agriculture , which ! understand better than all the scribblers that ever wiote upon the subject . I was proceeding with the further consideration of the subject , when I received the following gratifying letter and resolutions from the good men ot Derby : —
Deak Sib , — "We rejoice in the glorious progress making by our association , and are anxious for another visit from Doyle- will you have the goodness to present our best respects to him , and that we hope he is growing fat upon his ten bob a-week . Go on , sir , and _nsver mind the _miliu-s of the disappointed , or the ravings of madmen . Yours _respectfuUy , Wm . _Ckabtree . At a general meeting of the members of the Laud Society , held on Sunday night , Xov . Wtb , the foUowing resolutions were unanimously agreed upon : — The Chartist Co-operative land Society to consist of an unlimited number of members , but that it be divided into divisions of 6000 each , That the society be exwUed , providing the name and Objects are not _alterediaeonsequence ol * enrolment .
That the members ta _*> located aa the opinion of the counsel directs . ¦ ¦ _ _.,, •_ . _t _ . That Mr . Thomas Wilkinson , late of Derby , tut now of Manchester , be _norflinated by this branch as a fit and proper person to represent this district m the Manchester laud Conference . That the hoard of directors be chosen by the Conference , and that the delegate that represents us in the forthcoming Conference be _iustructed to support the re . election of the present board of directors . We hereby tender our best thanks to the board of directors for their unswerving conduct in managing the _rtfairs of the society ; and think they are perfectly justifiable in appropriating the profits arising from the sale of cards and rales to the management of the society .
"Working men of Derby , I thank you . This is just the protection we require . This is precisely the spirit and co-operation that I have a right to look for . The great object of a public man should ever be to leave the largest amount of corrective powe _* Tested in the people , thereby enabling them effectiv . . J * to guard against his rashness , his errors , wan . t o judgment , apostacy , or deceit . If then . it sho * jid bi argued that certain parties have become / ' share holders in the Land scheme , in consequen < _% of thi
- To The Woeemglclasses. ~ Mr Vest . ' B...
fascinating inducements held out in the _prelinnnarresolutions , here is the largest . amount of prot _^ Uonj for that class . ¦' , If any alteration 8 hould be _madeJin " the rules which would justify " or _jiwluce _those now , holding shares to abandon the project in consequenee of such alteration , in such- case I . _shall-subinit * the following resolution to the forthcoming Conference : — - _*'"' " . ' . ; ¦ ' } . _?' ' ' . '/"¦ : Resolved ;—" That we , the _J _reparatives of , the working classes , called together for the purpose of protecting their interests , have made such alterations
in the rules for the government of the Chartist Co ' operative Land Association , as to us seemed best ' calculated to secure the just and equal working of the principle ; and if any parties have subscribed solely from the inducements held out . in the preliminary rules , and are now dissatisfied with'the alteratjons made by this Conference , this Conference decides that each shareholder , se situated , shall receive back tbe full amount of monies paid by him asa shareholder in the above Association ; and that tho directors or trustees , as the case may be , are hereby , empowered to carry this resolution into full effect . " _:, ; .
, _-. Now , ; my friends , ! you hayo always had the ioJJ benefit of my suggestions and exertion , " and I think the foregoing resolution gives you the largest amount of protective power against my ignorance , m _^ folly , my want of judgment , or my deceit . lam . Your faithful friend and servant , . " FEAnaus O'Connor .
Jtdmp Jntelli^Itm
_jTdmp _Jntelli _^ _itm
Spain. General Cordova Has Resigned His ...
SPAIN . General Cordova has resigned his command as Captain-General of Madrid , and his resignation has been accepted .. Madrid , Nov . 9 . —Accounts from Valencia to the 5 th instant , which have reached Madrid hy the ordinary mail , concur in showing that the insurrectionary attempt of the 3 rd was a purely military movement . The provincial regiment of Gerona , which is on duty at Valencia , was one that took part in the Alicant and Cavthagena movement last year ; and it is said that General Ruiz , who was at the head of thc _Carthagena Junta , was mixed up with the present attempt ; the Colone of the Gerona regiment ,
Brigadier Zapatero , was at tlie theatre at the time it broke out , with many of the officers . The light company of the 1 st battalion was quartered at the convent of San Francisco , where the 2 nd battalion was quartered ; the rest of the 1 st , battalion was quartered at the Barracks del Pilar , _^ and a _detachmest of the Jigho company was on duty at the house of the Captain-General Roncali . A sergeant of tbe light company ofthe 1 st battalion , named Suarez , was the leader of the mutiny , and was followed by about forty men ofthe company ( none ofthe 2 nd battalion joining him ) , who rushed into the street about half-past _ssven p . m ., firing on the guard and some officers who
attempted to restrain them , and made their way to the Pilar barracks , expecting to be joined by the battalion to which they belonged ; but notice ofthe attempt had already been sent there , and when they arrived , in company with some few townsmen who had joined them , they were fired upon by the guard , and finding themselves thus unsupported by their own regiment , andtheauthorites and troops in movement on all sides , Sergeant Suarez exclaimed that all was lost , and they dispersed , the sergeant escaping , but the rest are stated to have been ultimately taken . Private letters from Valenciaj mention that two of the officers wounded pn the night of the 3 rd have died .
CoxspmAcr in Barcelona . —Letters from Barcelona state that a conspiracy had been discovered in that city on the 10 th inst . Minnio , Nov . 11 . —The soldiers that took part in the insurrection at Valencia have been tried by Court-martial , of whom twelve havo been sentenced to death , and , by the latest accounts , ten of these unfortunate persons were on the way to the place of execution . It appears , also , that several ofthe most respectable citizens of Valencia bad been banished from that place on twenty-four hours' notice , without trial , or any known proof that they had been implicated in the affair at all .
Accounts from Madrid of the 12 th inst . confirm the report of some insurrectionary movements at Barcelona . Martial law had been proclaimed ; and it was believed by the authorities there tbat General Prim , now residing at Marseilles , had organised a plot , and was preparing to invade either Catalonia or Valencia , at the head of a body of emigrants .
PORTUGAL . Lisbon , Nov . 9 _ih . —The Government papers still continue prognosticating revolts and conspiracies of anarchists . The Government countenances these rumours by an occasional decree from Don Jose ' s department , denouncing parties engaged in attempts to raise the people and seduce the soldiery . The two last of these decrees implicate a dismissed parish priest and an ex-professor of the university . The government papers likewise talk of guerillas iu a state of incipient organisation . There is no organised conspiracy , but there is a desperate state of discontent in all the provinces , arising from the rapacity oi government , and its local agents , and the universal poverty that prevails throughout the country . This is "the rebellion of the belly" which is to be apprehended . ITALY . . - '
Conflict ax Bologna . —The Con titution » I says , " Letters from the frontier of Rtmagna , dat- 'd the 4 th inst ., state that in the evenings of the 1 st and 2 d a sanguinary conflict took place at _Bologna between the Swiss , on the one part , and the Pontifical dragoons and custom-house guards on the other . The troops were subsequently confined to their barracks . Cardinal Cazoni , legate of the province , wished to bring the volunteers of the country into the town , but the municipal authorities gave him to understand that this would increase tlic disturbances , as the _Bolognese were ever adverse to this corps , In
its stead they proposed to call the citizens to arms in the form of a civic guard ; but as the formation ot such a . guard is one ofthe demands comprised in the manifesto of the insurgents of llimini , the Cardinal _bscame alarmed , and refused the offer , but at the same time relinquished the idea of calling in the volunteers . It is also said that disturbances have occurred at Perugia , towards whieh town a column of Swiss was on its march . The sentences of -the commission at Ravenna , anterior to the late disturbances , have been confirmed at Rome . More than forty persons have been condemned to the galleys for various periods . "
UNITED STATES . __ The steam-ship Great Britain iarrived at Liverpool , on Tuesday last , bringing advices from New York to the 28 th ult . It is slated in the Americau papers that Mr . Polk will take a stand as regards the occupation of the Oregon territory in accordance with the opinion he has already expressed in his inaugural address , and that he will assert the unquestionable right of the Republic of tlie United States to the whole of this territory . It is further asserted that the President has refused the offer of leaving the matter to a third party . From Canada , we learn that active preparations are going on for thc military defence of that colony .
TURKEY . _TunMFic and Destructive Finn . —One-half of the town of the Dardanelles has been destroyed by fire . At half-past eleven a . m ., of the 25 th October , the fire commenced in . the Greek quarter , a gale of wind from the north-east blowing at the time . Although it was so early in the day , and 2 , 000 Turkish troops , with twelve fire-engines , were on the spot as soon as the alarm was given , it was impossible to stop the ravages ef the all-consuming element , and twenty houses were destroyed before any efficacious aid was given . Much might have been done had the engines been in good order ; but owing to the gross neglect of Ibrahim Pacha , the governor of the town , not one of them could be made to work . Had is not been for the assistance of two Turkish colonists with a handful of soldiers , and the European residents , who occupied themselves in pulling down houses , and reeulatine . the scantv supply of water , tlie hve
would never have been arrested in its progress . • me presence of the Pacha was of little use , as is commands being enforced by the whip , no one would work with good will . This terrible fire was nol subdued _untft _kalf-past two a . m . of the 27 th , having lasted thirty-nine hours . The whole of the Greek mid . _JewM quarters with the exception Of a _^ t fo rty houses , one half of the Armenian qua / ter , about 100 Turkish houses , three mos ques , a sy fiagogue , 100 shops , and a large bath , have fallen a _> rey to the flames . At least 600 houses have beeni destroyed , and as in many of them four to five iamilies lived together , there are about 1 , 200 _famOfes without a home . Of this number , one-half have taken . reluge in thc barracks , and two adjoining villages , 300 have found an asylum in the remaining part of the town , and the rest are exposed to the inclemency ot tne weather , or are sheltered for the time being in tents . The misery is very great , and the winter approac hing _.
Spain. General Cordova Has Resigned His ...
A | ubscription was immediately set on foot by , those who were fertunate in escaping , but will afford only _(^ temporary relief , as most . eft the families have'beCn rendered' completely .. destitute . ; It k _jto be hoped thattheSultanwill sendsoccour _s before long , ' and that charitably disposed ; p > ersons _willbe induced to raise contributions m Constantinople , and iii different parts of Europe _/ : tbn the relief of the poor people ; - ;_ MONTE VIDEO AN © BUENOS AIRES . . _hAuiouTii , Nov _ 16 . —The Hamburgh bark laura and Louise , _Captain'Mareks _; arrived here this morn-! _"S _'» rom Buenos Ayres for orders , having sailed from that ; city-on' - the" 19 ' th < _-of- September . - Prior te her _Wrture letters hadbeen received by the _iaereantile establishments in Buenos Ayres from Monte Video ;
e _? _" _?| s"X _entreating them , on the recommendation _™ _'M * _rytiMtyj-: to wind up their concerns even at a _sacwhee _; ' m consequence of measures whicli most J' - _^ _would be taken by the English . arid French . All _intercoureeibetween the opposing parties has been stopped .- ' Coloriia had been taken by the united forees on the 1 st of September without bloodshed , and a small garrison had been landed ; but the Buenos Ayrean troops were only a short , distance from the town / 'The last _jacket which bad brought the mails _to'Buenos Ayres from Rio de Janeiro had _ sailed im-¦ _Safety , without' waiting : for , .. any returns from _Cpjonja . ; General ¦ ' _: Paz : r had . . _< commenced- . _• .- active measures in : Corrientes- in opposition to ; the . Argentine : Repub . io _/ and ! it was considered he would be assisted as far as possible by : the British and French authorities . ' " _-.- !''
Rosas was exerting himself to make soldiers of the entire male population , from the age of sixteen to sixty , and seemed determined to offer every resistance to the proceedings of the united Governments . His conduct wasas arbitrary and tyrannical as ever ; and his hatred of the English so marked , that most persons were of opinion he was cognizant of , and even sanctioned , the murder ofthe English family , to prove to Mr . Ouseley the indifference with which he view * ed any alliance with England , and what might be expected by the British residents in the event of hostilities being come to . It was calculated that the
English and French inhabitants of the city and suburbs could not fall short of 12 , 000 persons ; and in case the merchants broke up'their establishments , they would have to sacrifice . everything' from the poverty and hostilit y of the people , who were kept by Rosas in thorough ignorance of the real state of affairs between himself and the two powers ; and the most extravagant fabrications and lies were circulated to engender enmity of feeling to the English land French , _provisions would be getting very scanty among tlie squadron by the severe interdict of the Buenos Ayres Government .
ALGERIA . . The Paris papers of Monday contain several despatches from Marshal Bugeaud and other French officers in Algeria . The news contained in them is hot important . 'A report that Abd-el-Kader had been killed , put forward by a Marseilles journal , is shown to be false . A certain Bou-Maza is causing the French great annoyance and some alarm . Thc Journal des . Debats says of this chief " after all that he bas done—after the display he has made during thc last twelve months of his energy and ability , he ought to be regarded as an Abd-el-Kader in the region he has chosen for the theatre of his prowess , and where his popularity will increase daily more and more , il * he be not hunted down without ceasing . "
India And China. Akhival Of The Oveblanb...
INDIA AND CHINA . _Akhival of the Oveblanb Mail . — Lonoon . Saturday Morning . —Late last evening , letters and papers were received from Bombay to the 15 th ol October ; from Calcutta tothe 8 th of October ; from Alexandria to the 7 th of October ; from Delhi to the 7 th of September . The news brought by this conveyance is of more than usual political importance . It announces the deatli of Juwahir Singh , the Wuzeer ,. who was shot by the soldiery on the 21 st of October , in revenge for the death of Peshora Singh . Affairs were afterwards continued in the hands of the . Queen-Mother . The ex-King of Cabool had died at Lahore of cholera . Hostilities were daily expected to be ' commenced in tho . Nizam ' s dominions , and a civil war threatening in , Burma . ! . The bodies of JiiWiihir ; Singh , and of two fellow-sufferers ,- were publicly burnt in the Badamee Garden , on - the 22 nd , four women being also burnt at the same time . ' It was supposed that
the younger brother ol the late Sirdar lleera Sinjjli would be elevated to the post of Wuzeer . The intelligence from Hyderabad in the Deccan is of a somewhat momentous character . A peon attached to the British residency had been killed by some of the subjects of the Nizam . The resident demanded that the murderers should be delivered up to justice ; but his highness , or his government , wns unable or unwilling to comply with this demand . After reference made to the supreme government , the reisdent offered to the Nizam the alternative either of giving up the murderers within one month , or of expelling from his dominions the Pathans , a lawless tribe of Affghan origin , who were harbouring the murderers . Again , his highness was found unable or unwilling to comply ; he neither delivered up the homicides , nor expelled the obnoxious tribe , but begged for additional time . This , however , could not be granted ; and it was rumoured at Hyderabad , that on failure of prompt compliance with the renewed demand of the resident , the city was to be bombarded .
There are indications that war with , the Umttd States is inevitable and not distant .. The Americans are rapidly reinforcing their squadron in the Pacilie . Adding their vessels in the Chinese seas , they will assemble a force of six frigates ( each as large as an English _74-gun ship ) , five corvettes , one brig , and one schooner . On the English side , Admiral Sey . inour , at or about this time , is near the coast of Oregon , with one ship of 80 , one of 50 , one of 18 , anil one of 16 guns . ' . _AnnivAL op the Gkeat Western . — _Ihfoutant News ox the Okegox Question . — London ,
Satuud . vy _MonsiNO .- — The stenm-ship Great Western arrived at Liverpoool yesterday morning . The news brought by this conveyance is of considerable importance . The Washington Union ( official organ ) oi Saturday last , in a very long and empathic leader , which of course speaks the intention of the government , claims the whole , of Oregon up to the Russian frontier , and urges Congress to maintain this claim , intimating that America claims to 2 _Jossess the whole against all nations . A letter from Washington says that it is a well known fact than the President will express himself strongly in the message for the whole ofthe Oregon .
Foreign Miscellany
FOREIGN MISCELLANY
Deaths of _CEUJnRATEO Characters . —Count de Goix , former lieutenant ofthe body guards of Louis XVI ., and first page to Queen Marie Antoinette , died at his chateau of Marecreux , on the 31 st ult . General _Compans , peer of France , and one of the most distinguished soldiers of the Republic and the Empire , died lately at Blagnac , near Toulouse . _SuicmE of a French Peer . —The National states , that the Duke of Sault Tavannes , peer of France , has j ust put a period to his existence . One of his friends , upon entering liis ¦ chamber . on the morning oi * the 12 th instant , discovered him suspended by the neck ; he immediately cut him down and ran for medical aid , butthe vital spark liad long fled , This act of despair is attributed to personal griefs . The Duke of Sault Tavannes was quite a young man , tall and powerful , and ofa most vigorous constitution .
Spanish Cooks . —It is said that Maria Christina is well versed in tne culinaiy art , and that in the pic-nicsof the Court to the country she likes to test the ability of those about her in this respect . On a recent occasion she requested the Ministers of War , of Justice , and of Foreign Affairs , each to prepare a dish after his own fashion . General Narvaez prepared agaspacho ( a kind of soup made of water , bread , oil , vinegar , milk , salt , and pepper ) , but itwas found that the garlick predominated too much . M . Mayans dressed fowls with tomata sauce , but the dish was smoked , and M . Martinez de la Rosa prepared a dish of hard eggs after a peculiar fashion . The Royal Family , it is said , laughed immoderately at the want of ability displayed by the ministerial cooks . These cooks are cooking " hell-broth" for themselves , which they will be compelled to sup at no distant day .
"Bubble , bubble , toil and trouble , Fire burn aud cuuldrou bubble !" _AjiEmcAN Items . —A Mrs . Maria Ann Bickford has been murdered in the most barbarous manner at Boston , and her dwelling set on fire by her murderer to conceal the foul deed . John Pope attempted to kill his wife in Philadelphia , and thon destroyed himself . Virgil Knapp lias been indicted , in New York , for the murder of Sarah Decker , whom he had seduced . There has been a conflagration at Winchester , which has destroyed many houses ; also large and destructive fires in New York , Boston , and Randall ' s Island . There has been a sharp shock of an earthquake felt through Long Island , part of New York state , and Connecticut . Houses were much shaken and some little damage done .
Canaman Items . — The Governor-General of Canada is recovering his health . There have been very destructive fires at Kingston and St . Catharine s , Canada . A valuable _slate-mine has been discovered on the shores of Lake Hurop . More Tboiw . is Hayti —An insurrection _lw taken place at Port-au-Prince , St . Doniinjr 0 , ii
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Yql. Ix. No. 419. London, Saturday, ^Vem...
YQL . IX . NO . 419 . LONDON , SATURDAY , _^ VEMBEff 22 , 1845 . ,. lve * , _^ J 2 _% _™™ _£ __ _,
Favouv'^Herard, The Former President .Of...
favouV _'^ Herard , the former President . of Hayti , and : » _strong force had assembled to attack the _Dominu'aii's . ¦ _- ¦ •• ' . . _.. ¦ -.... _ ..:.. ' A _Moi'Mc * _*** ' Nation . —Jn ¦; the midst of the _em-^ arrassments arising out of tho Oregon question the people of _Oxey on are talking loudly ; of " nationol independence , " . _*« id a new , singular , and important , feature has _apj -eared , which may be pregnant with unlocked for com _equenees , namely , theMormoj ) 9 , wlio are literally com . oelled by persecution to quit their homes in Illinois , ' have solemnly resolved in conclave assembled , to mig . rate to Oregon and there to settle . They will be at leas t , 12 , 000 in number ; sufficient to found a nation !
Pasts? Vwbflwnts;
pasts ? _vWbflwnts ;
. Important Me Eting Of London Carp Ente...
. IMPORTANT ME ETING OF LONDON CARP ENTERS . ' A public supper , was hoh len at the Silver ( fop , _Cromerstreet , _Grays-inn-lane . on 1 _Monday evening last , _bj- 'ihat truly democratic body , the L ondon lodge of the " General Union of Operative Carpen ters of Great Britain , * _'Su order to afford the _opportunity of present . _^ a handsome silver cup to Mr . John Gprdard , treasurer to tht lodge , in gratitude for his sen dees . ' Brother _JSayiiejvas caUc 4 _\ t 6 : & e '' cfeai _*^& u ' d _''^^ chair . J' This supper , a good su _bstnntial one , gff ? 9 great satisfaction . ' The tables having \ been cleared , th _& Chairinan said , —He knew it was usu ' _-al at public festivals to give as the first toast , " The Que en , " but he thought it would be more in accordance wit ) i their feelings end His own , if he gave instead the true _Sovereign , and therefore , with their permission , he would ' give it thus , — " -The People—may they speedily obtain _thtehr just aud iQ ? _i . enable rights ; freedom of thought and aetion , liberty of speech , and power to make the laws > _y which theyare governed . " . Drank with three times tins * and one _chntr
more . Brother Diamond in eloquent terms _suspended . _ Efe said , he thought no one would attempt afctfcistime of _dsy . to deny that the people were the source of all power ; but at present tbey had very little to do with the ssercise of tha *" power . If the wealth producers would * Sut form one grand phalanx for Universal Suffrage , thi ___ t _power would then very Speedily be acknowledged , liut whcle one called himself an " Independent Chartist , ' another a " Complete Suffragist , " and were thus divided , their _weakness would still lay them open to oppression . ( Hear , hen .-. ) . Theretore , he said , let tliem unite under one general banner , and the things enumerated in the toast weald : soon be theirs . ( Loud cheers . )
The Chaikman said , he now rose to propose thc toast of the evening— "The health of Brother John Sordard , may ho live long to enjoy the confidence oi ' l )» bi > otliei ' . in union , and may his example be followed by m . inv thousands of the working classes . " In giving this toast he had also the pleasure , on . behalf of the lodge ,, to present liim the cup he held in _hiTliund . Tiie cup _» a handsome , embossed , richly chased , silver one , of exquisite workmanship , aiid bears the following inscription *• — " As a token of respect to Brother John Gordard , from , the London lodge of the P . S . O . C . of Great Britain , for hiss services as treasurer , and untiring exertions in support ' ing general union , and the rights of the working classes ,
November , 1815 . " Brother Gordard had been a _member of the general union from the very onset . His woitth was well known to them , and duly appreciated . His . eonduct had ever been consistent and undeviating . He was a perfect democrat in the true and literal sense of the word , he , to use the language of Julian Harney , " kaew no foreigners , " all men were brethren , ahd he upheld a general union to support their dearest interests . Hv hoped the cup he now presented would be handed down to posterity , as an incentive for unborn generations to follow the brilliant example set by Brother John Gordard . ( Great cheering . ) The cup having been presented , the brethren and visiters present rose and honoured the toast with tliree times three and one cheer more .
Brother Gobdaed rose , and tho cheering was renewed . He said he cordially thanked them for the confidence tliey reposed in him , and thc handsome prisent they had been pleased to make him . The working classes were not represented in the Legislature , and he » ue he waa in favour of trades combinations for self-protection . He believed that if the people had representation according to the principles of the People ' s _Cliai'ter , trades combinations would be Unnecessary ; and he really did think that as all men contributed to the support of the State , so should every man have a voice in controling the affairs ol
the State , lhe aristocracy combined , and had then * clubs and reading-rooms , and why should not tho working classes also have theirs % ( Hear , hear . ) He did not think they should ever enjoy true happiness , until equal right and equal laws prevailed . ( Loud cheers . ) Hv again thanked them for their confidence and liberality , and would take the liberty of proposing— " The health of Thomas Slingsby Buncombe , tho representative of the industrious millions in the House of Commons . " Drank with three times three and one cheer more , upstanding and uncovered .
The Chawjun next gave " The General Union of Carpenters , and all otlier honourable societies of working men , May their endeavours to obtain evenhauded justice , and a fair remuneration for their labour , be crowned witli success . " _BuoTU £ a Soulsby , in responding , said this liad ever been a momentous question with bim , He had embraced it , seeing no way of effecting tlic social amelioration of the working classes , without a general union , without consolidation . A new era had arrived . Through the indomitable perseverance of an O'Connor , and the integrity of the glorious "Northern Star , " a happior state of things was approaching . Working men had now learned the advantages conferred by consolidation and general union ( loud cheers ) , and they now sue the necessity , not only of producing wealth , but also of enjoying a much larger share of that wealth than they had hitherio done .
A Land plan had been sent forth to the world , it had been taken up _' wiih great sp irit , and would speedily gr » sp many thousands in its embrace . ( Cheers ) . Tliey had been taunted and told that they were not able to maiia « e their own affairs . He would point those sneereis ' w their trades' officers . Did they not always choose tho most steady , the most intelligent , tlie most moral men , possessed of the highest integrity 1 ( Loud cheers . ) L - _* t bu t the working classes become united—let England , Ireland , and Scotland be as one , nnd then wc may do more than talk of " evenhanded justice . " Then , not even tbe power of an Iron Duke , or the machinations of Sir Robert Peel , would he able to prevail against the _working men . The _C-UAUlilAlt next gave— "Tlie National Organisation of Trades for the Protection of Industry . May the working classes see lhe necessity of supporting it , and may it be enabled to prevent the inroads of capital . "
Brother John Bush , vice-president of the Association for the _Protection of _Industry , ifi responding , said : The Association now toasted , and which he had the honour to be connected with , was established under the able presidency of Thomas Slingsby Duncombe , M . P . —( loud cheers)—for the more effectual union of the working classes ; and during the last few weeks they had acquired a large accession to their numbers in England , Ireland , and Scotland . That such an association was necessary he thought would be readily admitted . ( Hear , hear . ) A very forcible example of the benefit of their association had just _b-. en shown . Thc tin-plate workers had been out . The masters said to the men , " We will starve you
iuto compliance ; " but the men rejoined , " You might have done that when wewere isolated , but we now form a . portion of the National Association for the _Protcctien of Industry , aud , happily , that is now impossible . " The consequence was , that in two days after this the _mastens cent for the men , and they were now at work at an- increased rate of wages . ( Great cheering . ) Brother Bush next entered most lucidly into thc objects sought to be obtained by theAssociation for the Employment of Labour in Agriculture and Manufactures , and showed the great advantage of having Land on whieh to employ tho surplus labour and manufactories of their own , 2 _ _a' ; , lBus * S 3 resumed his scat much applauded .
lhe Chaibman said the next toast he had to . propose came home to the breast of every man , and quite sure be was they would all heartily respond to it . It was— " The People ' s Charter . May it speedily becon . ftthc law of the land ; and may all men exiled for _advocifcing . its _jaiiL _. _ciples , and the freedom of opinion , be recalled to eaj . oy its benefits . " Brother Hotchings said : He regreited his inability to do justice to this excellent _sentiments lie thought it was necessary , in order to carry out _tiat _tenumant , that all shonld unite . It was high Urn * tha exited _patriots wns restored . ( Loud cheers . )
Mr . ____ dmum _> St _ ill ¥ ood having ; been sailed on , rose amid loud cheering to respond , aid- said , —Tt gave hiin unfeigned pleasure to hear ths- " People ' s Charter " toasted by such a respectable bwly . of tradesmen , anil so well received . One of the gray * objections urged against the people possessing the franadiiso was _; their want of intelligence , and their _inability to use the suffrage ; now lie argued , first , that as all contributed to the State—so should all enjoy a vote in . the election of those men who made tbe lawsfor the _guidance of the State ; ( hear , heart , ) and secondly , that the _charge of ignorance was unfounded , and he thought those , -who made the charge must have
a face of brass , se'Jmg how ignorantl )* the affairs of State were at pre 6 er _, [ managed , nnd how often we were on the verge of farjine and the very brink of revolution . ( Loud cheers . ) Lord Brougham had said , the working ' classes , in _addition to being tillers of the soil , workers in mines , _fabricators ef clothing , and builders of houses , were the aut _' _. iors of five-sixths of the works of art and science . ( _I _ oud applause . ) Mr . Stallwood next pointed out numerous instance in which the sons of toil had occupied stations of the highest importance , and with the greatest ability . He admired tbat kind of feeling which bad prompted them to couple the restoration of the patriotic exiles with the sentiment of the " People ' s Charter . " He
. Important Me Eting Of London Carp Ente...
cordially thanked them for proposing such a noble _--entf .. ment . Mr . Stallwopd aat tloivn much _npiilaiideil . "•"" Brother GOBDABn said , —He was entrusted will a iriosfl noble toast . They _Imd payed him a marked nd very _handsomecompliment to-night for bis j _jfh-ocaey of general union ,. buthadit not been _thatJichad mixed in political circles , he should not have teen the advoe . ilc of il general union of trades ; it whs'in ' the school _foni . crJy denominated "Radicalism , " _thiithe lenrut the _advantage ot union . ( Ilear / hfear . ) ' The sentiment he liad to propose wan , — . " Health ; happiness , and long life to 1 ' eargus O'Connor , Esq ., the proprietor of the Northern Star ; may he ever
continue the friend aiid advocate of the worMig _t _ln _^ _se _. _'' _. _' As a politician Ki > hid known Mr . O'Connor a Jung time , and admired his undeviating consistent ? ami _prliieiples . ' The CHAIRMAN said , —Before putting , the _SEBliWient ho sliould like to add a few words to those ot Brother Godard , Peargus O'Connor had sacrificed ro _« v » e fur the working classes than any man breathing ; owl neither persecution or prosecution could drive him from his post . ( Loud cheers . ) So long as that gentleman conlimwd hisprcsent course , so long wou : d he esteem it an hi . iumi'tobe numbered among his admirers and supporters . ( Great ; oheering . _) The toast was then dranS amid loud and long plaudits . Mr . _SiAitwooD returned thanks for Mr , O'Connor .
The _Chaiumas . said his next toast was we he WiiB con * vlnced would be heartily responded to , it was;— "'Thty Northern Star , its Editor , and lteporter ; long may it con- * thine the adro « ate of the rights and _inteuests of ths working millions . '' The toast was drank with threetimes three and one cheer more . " Tilt-health and _happnesa of Mr . _AlexnndV _. one of the Calthorpe-slreet jury , " was next drauk . Mr . A 1 . EXANBEB returned thanks , " The Chairman and _Vice-Chairman , " followsd ' next in succession-, and were drank with musical _henoursi-Tbe company then separated .
Um Lphalmited Association For The* Protk...
_UM lphALmiTED _ASSOCIATION FOR THE * PROTKC' _^ ON OF INDUSTHY AND T 3 E < EMPLOYMENT OF LABOUR IN AGRI--; CU 3-TLK . E- AND MANUFACTURES . ' Mr . © avid Rons , of Leeds , delivered his first lecture * to a metvopoliian audience on tlie objects sought to * beobtiumd by -tlit above association , in the Literary land Scieniific _Institution , John _^ reet , _Tottenham--leourt-TOul ,, on _Tuesday _e-wmmg ,. November 18 th . _i Mr . W . Rcfeon , ladies shoe _ naker , a « d vice-president _lor ' the _"Asss-seiat on fov the Employment ol ' Labour , " _Svaa called te > the chair ,-and briei _?? introduced tha _Jlecf-arer to tht mi _ebing * . Mr . Ross , who was received , witl _>] _oiidaj . p 3 _* iuse , saf < _I-t'lieo . _* niso of labour had not jliad _SlmO att ? slion p _^ 'd ' to ii its nisi'its demanded . _| He _had seen the _worSins classes- im comparative
! prosperity , , and he had also sceirthsm reduced to jbeggarj ami _distitution . God _and'nhture evidently { intended that all- should- ' Jive ,, and live happily . ¦( Hear , _lnear . ) The _tillers-of the ooil ,, the hand-loom . weavers , tht * shoemakers , the tailorB ; in conjunction ; ivith the other _sflBs-aiid _^ _aiighteES-ol'toM , produced _lenougii _wsalth lor all ; but , alas !• tliey were not _ccr-Imitted to ei joy it | nor would they * , until such time ithey iiosspssvd sufficient _intelligenccfto form a grand _joonfederatfOTi of- trades * for _thein jjrotection . Majchinery wnsrjnaliing giant strides ; aad far be it from jbim _< _td-attea _ gt to arrest its progresa _'* . all lie desired was ,, that the jarodaetive' classes * sliould enjoy its blessings . M » twit _ _istai > ding . the-Act'of Parliament _iiaoently passed , _tlimmnds of women , and children were still degraded to the condition ol ' . _slaves in mines
and factories , while their-husbands and brothers were _compelled to become unwilling idlers , and walk tha streets from _laakiof employments . The great failing of tlio English working classes-was * thair proneness to owr . working . However , they , were- now _beginninii to _philot-opliise ,. and were now- demanding a shortening ofthe hours of _laboun _Tdio- Miners and the taiiles of _Sheffield had learned- than short horns brought long wagos . ( Loud cheers . ) The working classes _possi _s-sed suffioient intelligence _aniong themselves to work _oui tlieir own redemption .. What was _Steplioiismi , the eminent , engineer originally but a , _pooirMhGn ! . What _fludson ,. the- Railway King , but a plodding Diaper ! . Dougla _* Jerrold was also of the order of industry , and Thomas Goop 9 H „ who had recently gained so _muohianiebyhisnoeni ,. was an
humble son . of Crispin . The invention of ; calico printing anil many other _ingeniouB-tkings wero the brain-work uf the working order ; ( JJoai ! , hoar . ) .. Many attempts had been made to benefit the working classes , and _amongst others isolated strike * had . been tried , and these , ineffectual as they were , had i . on . been without ; good results , for many , mon were now in the enjoyment of their 23 s . pe » week _as-wages ) , vfho otherwise would not receive I 9 s .. ( _iLoud cheers . ) But the trades bad _secently resolved in ihsming a , grand con- _, federation , of whieh Thomas . Slingsby Duneombe , M . P ., was the president . ( iLoud cheers . ) The lirst of these Associations was- for the _ptiutection of industry , and the mutual support of . each other ; to give to any one trade that might _require it , the support of' the whole confederation . With such an irresistible combination , who coui _' il anticipate a failure . ( Great cheers . ) , In that Association ,
betore entering on a strike they _woulcsi well survey the ground , and make morally sure _befbi'Sjthey struck the blow .,. Thus , with care , prudence ,, and union , would tliey goon conquering ana to _eonques- ( Loud cheers . ) This Association was progressing rapidly , they had enrolled no less than 3 , 000 members within the last month , and had already had a preoi' of the efficiency of such a combination . One of the Metropolitan trades were out . The employers- * ' said , we will starve you into compliance , but rejoined the men , tliat is new happily rendered impossible , you might _, have done so when we were an isseiated body , but we now hum a portion ofthe " National Association _iiir the Protection of Industry , " and we have thesupport of all tlie trades in that confederation . ( Hear , hear . ) The consequence of which was , two days after , the employers sent lor the men and they were now at work at an increased wage . ( Loud cheers . ) Such , must ever be the moral iniluence ' of a well-dircc'cd
general union of the trades . ( Great cheering . ) From the first , had sprung the second Association , " For the Employment of Labour . " This was alsounder the able presidency of the honourable member for Finsbury . ( Loud cheers . ) This association was intended to draught the surplus hands from the labour market and employ them profitably for their own advantage on the Land , and who would nofc rather labour in the healthful fields than be confined in tlie murky atmosphere ofthe shop , the factory , or the mine . ( Loud cheers . ) And what an incentive to action was it , to know tliat such withdrawal , left full employment , at increased wages , for those who remained . ( Great cheering . ) How much better would it be for their turn-outs to bo employed _iabuildings of their own , . or in manufactures on their
own account , than to travel fifty or a hundred miles , to compete with their still more wretched fellow-men . Right pleasing it was to know that working men had begun duly to appreciate the advantages ot " self-einploy mc nt . " 'Iho Woolcombers of Bradford had learned that tliey could , with advantage , comb tlieir own wool —( hear , hear , )—and a portion of the trades of Leeds hail started a project for building a colony of seventy cottages , with all the appurtenances _jo £ _drying-Sniiiiiiis _, baths , < fcc . » such coitagis if let at a simple rental of £ 5 per annum would return interest to the amount of six per cent on thc _capital required _, lie was aiso happy to find that a portion of the Conlwaincrs of the metropolis were dubbing their . pcnce with a view of locating themselves on the green sod .
( Loud cheers . ) The association he represented was also an illustration of this growing . feeling ,, they already had SS 3 shares taken up , on which depositsto lhe amount of £ C 50 had boon paid , and . which _, would of themselves , when thc entire was paid _,, amount to £ 1 , ' J 10 . The association would commence operations so _Mn-n as they had outlined _bubscriptions to the amount of £ 5 , 000 , and if working mcu only supported these associations as thaU * own interest ; _, demanded , they would soon be in possession of all tl ;© . c great blessings , combination , . wisdom , energy , ami perseverance was so well _calciihttcd to busto . wl ( Great cheering . ) Mr . _ltosa resumed his seat amidst great applause , Several questioniwcrc then put _tix and answered by the lecturer . —A rote . of thanks waa then moved to Mr . Ross for the _ihlc _kctuxe he had .
delivered , which was seconded a _ijl . carried ny asclama . 4 k . _ 3 . — -A vote 6 $ thanks was g _^* _n to ilieahA _irpiaa and the meeting was dissolved . Ox _AYedxeshat Evening ! _»& Ross _repeated his . lecture with mueh success _ai-jtho _Sostli Lpndon . Chartist Hall , _Biaekfriars-road ..
*—""*"' * ' ¦-__. I » Thb Miners Of Duki...
_*—""* "' * ' ¦ _- . I » Thb Miners of Dukikfif . _i _ _£ _, / return their sincerethanks to the _Counterpane " _Vieayers tf _Dnlton , and . the Spinners' Lnion ol _La-jc _^ _viw _, _fai- . tlo . support th # y have leeeivid . Book _^ bearing : thp . seal of . _tlm Miners '' _Assm-iatim will _ba-,. _fnr . ni . slu » d to the _peiSLUJ _appointed ti > mcive _cos & ribi . _tion'j , w , l . i h , if they cannot produce , ihey _rwy be ( itemed _importers - Any _Mane smiling bv p _^ _st-ofh ' cc order , E _& ist maka the order payable to _IfriWillism Fcikin , t \ t Mrs . Elliot ' s . Miners'Ai _* ms » . _JDnkiuIeld .. _Signed on . be-. half of tho Miners ot _3 } nkii . fiild anil Flower . , lipid , _Wiiu-wi FeuKic _., Simtary .
Casko . n Ikon ' vVoii- * _i > T _ _rMovfflHR _^ _SiRi . \ i " .--ThpS 6 workiAcn _, niter _bejotg . out for ; tnrse weeks , _com-, _mencedworkingaqe » in . on Monday ,, ' _they'd ( N )) n * nt in , pursuance oi' a . _rj £¥ . ijl utivnin {{ reej to by _tllClJ ) , " tOi go in and worh to * a , monfcJi ,, with a . view , of enabling the master to _liviil his _fluomis © of redressing their grievnncrs ; ami iu the event ft ? his not giving satis- _* faction , to tunv . u & again at ths end of thai period . " Considerable _aw-n- ' _jaent'has already been made on several _art-. _clss—it Icing all piece work _; - and it is hoped that ii \ p f . _oW _i , vw jj y . )\[ _^ p ersCYeml in , _to that a second _strike may bc rendered unnecessary . On _Saturiky _ewainsr . the Gth current , a large num-.
ber ot the _w-oiknien assembled in _Binnie _' _s Hall , _U-alinrostou , io hear an address from Mr . " Wm . Douro , _age-jt for the Miners' Association . This gen . . Ionian , ' urifjuj . U having little ' pretension to oratory , has _eo-jsidci'iiblc powers of uttevar . ee , a cordial detest ation of oy >] rcssion , arid a heart deeply inibucil wilh sympathy for suffering humanity : while , from thc sinterity and earnestness of his appeals , he produces a { . rent impression oil his audience . After discussing a variety of topics bearing on their particular case , miii adverting to others concerning tho general welfare , thc lecturer concluded by _strongly inculcatiiij : on all present the duty and necessit / df ! self-culture , as the most effectual and sure means of acquiring and preserving their just rights .
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), Nov. 22, 1845, page 1, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns3_22111845/page/1/
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