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¦¦ * . ¦ ¦ ¦ • A TALE OF MYSTERY. - - Gravesend, Saturday Evening.—An occurrence of im extraordinary character, which at nres'ent is
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enveloped in considerable mystery, has. ...
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HORRIBLE MURDER IM STAFFORDSHIRE AND MUT...
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General Kntdligentt
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Joint Stock Factories.— On this subject,...
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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. _« _jkad I will war , at _leastin wns , ( And—should my chance so happen _^ deeds , ) With aU who war with Thought ! ' ' _ tI drink I hear a little bird , ivhq sings - "' * _ . " The people hy and hy will he Gie stronger . "—Btbos
ITALY , AUSTRIA , AND THE POPE . Italia 1 oh Italia ! thoa -who hast The fetalgift of beauty , which became A funeral dower of present woes and past , On thy sweet brow is sorrow ploughed by shame , And annals graved in charaeters of flame . Oh God ! that ihou wert in thy nakedness Less lovely or more powerful and could'st claim Tby right , and awe the robbers back who press To shed thy Wood , and drink the tears of thy distress . We cannot quit the , " Condition-of-lta ! y- Question / ' which has occnpiea ! ' tliis department of the Star for so many weeks , without a word or two as to the position in which England is placed with regard to that question . Unfortunately it is our painful duty to confess that that position is a very disgraceful one . ¦ . ' ¦ " _
_ From the murder of Caracciou to the opening of _Mizmi ' s _letters England has , by her aristocratic rulers , been made to play a treacherous , cruel , and shameless part towards unfortunate Italy ..... . Perhaps some of onr readers have never before heard of the murder of CabaCciow . After tbeabandonment of Naples , by ( the French Republican ) General Macdonald , in Mayi 1799 , and the fail ofthe short-lived Parthenopean _Republic , the friends of liberty were everywhere subjected to proscription and slaughter at the hands of the agents of the restored monarchy , andthe fanatic lazzaroni excited to the utmost pitch of sanguinary madness by the infamous priests . A number of French troops and iiative Republicans remained masters of , or rather
-were shut up in , thecastlcs of TJovo andNuove . Hard pressed " , and finding their situation desperate , the besieged capitulated . The King was yet absentibis Neapolitan Majesty having some months prefiously decamped to Sicily , taking with him all the treasures and moveable valuables of the palaces , together with some millions of money , and setting fire to the dockyard , —but Cardinal Rtjffo , who had leaded the revolt of the "loyal" Neapolitans ; acted in name and by authority of the runaway King . By the terms of the capitulation , agreed upon between the Cardinal and the besieged , complete security for person and property was guarranteed to all within the forte , whether French or " rebels . " This treaty was not only solemuly entered into by the Cardinal ,
as representative ofthe King , but was also sanctioned by the Turkish and Russian commanders , and by Captain Fuotc on tlte part of t / ic English . Before , however , the treaty could be carried into execution , the British fleet , under the command of Nelsox , arrived from Sicily , and Xelsox peremptorily ordered the treaty to be annulled , _declarinjj its conditions to be " infamous . " lie insisted that the "rebels , " should surrender at discretion , and submit themselvestothe " clemency" of their " gracious King . " As he could not induce thc Cardinal to share in this iniquitous procedure , he took the responsibility upon himself . In the treaty so infamously broken by Nelsok , Prince Cahacciou , if not named , was understood to be included , this unfortunate man
had been forced into , joining tke French and serving with them . Cahaccioii had fled , but a price being set npon his head he was taken , and iy Nelson ' s orders was immediately put npon his trial for "high treason . " The victim was seventy years of age ; he had served his king as a naval officer for forty years , and was generally beloved and respected _ but all tliis availed him nothing . _JJnxsos thirsted for blood ; blood was , to use his own words , his only " comfort . "Writing from Palermo to Captain Tbocbridge , in command of the blockade of Naples , a short time previously , he had said , " Stnd me word some proper heads are taken , of . This alone will comfort mc . " Poor Gieaccioii was seized at nine o ' clock inthe mnrninsr , tried at ten o ' clock , without being allowed
amoment to prepare his defence , his principal judge , Count Toons , being his personal enemy . In less than two hours he was condemned to death , and immediately after the finding of the court , Nelsos confinned the sentence and ordered the execution to take place at five o ' clock the same day . The unhappy victim in vain demanded a new trial , in vain offered to prove that he had only taken np aims on compulsion , _JfEisos was inflexible . Abandoning himself to despair , _Caraccioli entreated that he might be shot , aud not subjected tothe disgrace of _Jianging , bnt even this poor boon was sternly refused . To the _Jramai . e and repeated entreaties of Lieutenant _Pamussox , Nelson brutally replied , "Go , sir , and attend to yoar duty . " As a last resource Caraccioij begged lieutenant Parkinson to try to _gei Lady Ej _ mii . tox to intercede for him , but that shameless ,
heartless wretch , would not he seen ; she , however , was present at her victim ' s execution . _Cakacciom had been tried on board an _Ecglish ship , the _ _Fi'udr _.. yant . He washanged on board oneof Ms own nation's ship 3 , the . Minerva frigate . His body , as had been ordered by his chief assassin , Nelson , was thrown into the sea . It is a sinsular , but notorious fact , that notwithstanding a weight of 250 pounds was attached to the bodv the sea would not retain it ; a week after the execution the bodv was observed upright , and half floatin _* ' out of the " water , bearing down towards thc Poudrovaut . The King , Nelsox , and the _Uamilioss were on board the Foudrovant at the time , and , to _' _cet rid of this ghastly witness of their crime , a hoat ' _s crew were ordered to take charge of thc corpse , and consign it to " Christian burial , " which done
was . _ _ . _ . . . . Manv executions of the unfortunate persons whom _Selsos had seized , and given up to "the clemency of the King , " aecomBanied or followed that of Caraccioli . Nelson found his reward in the title and domain of Bronte . . The history of this assassination will give our readers a better insight into the real character of _Tfeisox than thev wili find in three-fourths of thc accounts of this " naval hero" which they have hitherto been conversant with . Nelsox was a c _ ever fi _^ _htin" brutewhose treed was , " Fear God and
, i * a 0 _ . _--,- , » » J . 3 . « _» .. A .. f- _ - >» _ _tJ _ - »_ _t _ 1- kill * _TiSnomTibe _King *; " great on the quarter-deck , but disaraced by the lowest vices and most ignorant _preiudices . We hope , for thc honour and happiness of mankind , that we shall have no more sueh heroes to make the En-dish name famous and infamous too . His colnnin in Trafalgar-square is yet uninscribed ; and if the inscription , that is to be , was written by the _finder of truth , other achievements besides those of St . f incent , tne Kile , Copenhagen , and Trafalgar , would be blazoned thereon . Viscount Nelsox and Duke of Sboxie would also figure
as"Paramour of Lady Lamaton , Executioner to the King of Naples , and Murderer of Caraccioli !" men the fall of _Napoieox at length eame , again wasltalvbetraved , and England disgraced , by the Infamous Miaistry of whom the execrable Castieeeach was the head . When invoking the nations to _liseauainstXAroLEOX , Italy , amongst other states , was appealed to , and promises were made to the Italian people which were shamefully broken the moment that the end sought by the allied despotisms ivas accomplished . The partial restoration of Italian _-nntionslitv under Naroleox , althougn dependent
noon , and subjected to , _French domination , _iian oeen _productive of the happiest results for Italy , lhe inciease of material prosperity , tiie growth ol fraternization , and the progress of intellect , m provinces previously miserable , exclusive , and benighted , moved the immense S ood which the mere partial _Restoration of Italian liberty had effected , and plainly showed what great things wercd _^ _uncd to be achieved by the descendants of the worn ! ai masters , _Sded that Italy , " one and indivisible , " was _SLnfccd to them . _E » _fa ta _^ ms _^ n _% that the Italians could sympathise
L impossible _xrith the enemies of _Napoixox , unless they had been W to hope from them greater concessions than _ihevhad _gained from the Gallic conqueror . 'Ihese SnS nfwere promised , and the English Government was _foremost in tho wgrk of dekbexate _SSchery . Generals Wilsox _, MTarlaxe . , and Lord W Bssxbck _. proclaimed , in 1 SH , the liberty and independence of the Italian people . bbaia e _tndSptndmza Italica" were the words msenbed on the standards of the Legion , also _caiicd Loom , _or-ZT _^ i hv the Emdkh Government in Sicily to be
Innloycd _' in Tuscany . The English agents everywhere desscminated copies of the Sicilian _Unstitution of that Constitution which was _pvei } to _Sicny when that island was important to England as a military position , and afterwards infamously abandoned , in spite of promises , in which the honour ol _England was involved . _KaPOWOS fallen , all these promises were violated and broken . Iu vain did thc deputies of the Italian people appeal to the good faith of England . England was , unfortunately , represented by Castlebeagh , and that miscreant , who had sold Ireland for the price of blood , and was at that very time preparing to attempt the renewal in England of those despotic and hloody acts which he had previously perpetrated in lis native land , was not likely to play any other part than that of jackall to the Austrian monster . Mr . Mazzixi has appended to his pamphlet a report of
one of the conferences of the Italian deputies aviUi _Castcebeagb . All that the deputies could get from the representative of England was the assurance that Italv had nothing to dread from " the paternal Government of Austria . " Three months after this assurance had been given , Italian officers , and civilian s of every rank , were crowding the prisons of Italv Austria , ahd Hungary . Finally , with the sanction nnd concnrrencc of the abominable English Government , the C ongress of _A-ienna with one Ktroke of the pen , erased the liberties , the refonns , the hopes of the Italian people . The old regime was everywhere re-established , pernicious and _batefiil as before , arid thirsting for vengeance . _Thein-Stionf of 1 S 20 , 1 S 21 _T 1881 , _and'the countless E _* tumults , proscriptions , confiscations , mcar So ' ns , and judicial _aginations which every
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* k _..-. _I' * J - ; _iJv' flii _*;"? , -- ' f' _-Crii'ik >/ - " _- ¦ ' _^ - _.- " _.-r - ¦ " *' . year has since . _vjriinesMdj _^ haTO legitimate traits of the eHormbusfraud and wrong perpetrated j in _1814-15 , " in _wHichEngland _^ by its _' _raseally Government , ; was madeitobea principal actor . . ' I . It was in allusion " to the ' betrayal of Italy by _the English Government at this period , that our glorious and- immortal poet , _Brnqx , wrote the following -words , in his introduction to the fourth canto of _vmieHarold"i-. _; _- ;; :.:, ;; ' ;; _" : That _mahmust , be wilfully blind , orlgnorautly heedless , who is not struck ., with the extraordinary capacity of this people , or , if such a word be admissible , their _eapab ' iVl ' , the facility of theh'acqukitions , tlie rapidity of their conceptions , the fire of their genius , their sense of beauty , and , amidst all the disadvantages of repeated revolutions , tlie : desolation of battlus , and ihe despair of
ages , their still _unquenched _"longiug after immortality " —the immortality of independence . And when we ourselves , in riding round the walls of Home , heard the simple lament of tne labourers ' chorus , " Roma ! Roma : Itoma 1 lloma non e piQ . come era prima , " it was difficult not to contrast this melancholy dirge with the bacchanal roar of the songs of exultation still yelled from the London taverns , over the carnage of Mont St . Jean [ Waterloo ] , and the betrayal of Genoa , of . Italy , of France , and of the world . * „ . * * What Italy has gained by the late transfer of nations it were useless f . ir Englishmen to inquire , till it becomes ascertained that England hug acquired something more than a permanent army and a suspended habeas corpus ; itis enough for them to look at home . For-what they have done abroad , and especially in the south , "verily , they will have their reward , " and at so very distant period .
Gome we now to the damning and more recent act of treachery and villany committed by the English aristocratic Government—the seal-breaking and opening of Mr . _ALzzisi _' s letters . - ¦¦ Here it atrikes us that we shall do well to answer the question , " Who is _Joskfu Mazzisi ? " - We take the ibUowing answer from the Westminster Review : — The present state of Italy could not be better illustrated than by describing the circumstances which _ thriw Alazzini into his present position . - He firstattracted the attention of the governments of Italy by the freedom with which , through various channels , he discussed literary questions . We need hardly say that for political questions there is no channel in _' Itnly . A "Westminster Review" would be a greater ' curiosity at Rome than the
Thames Tunnel . Iu 1828 , Mazzini published , at Genoa , a weekly literary gazette , called the "Indicator _Genovese . " It appeared under the double supervision of a civil and au ecclesiastical censorship ; but at the end ofthe year it was suppressed . In 1829 he attempted a similar journal at Leghorn , under the title of the " Indicatore Livornese , " but in a few mouths this also was suppressed . Thesame year he wrote ah article upon European Jitera ture in a review called the " _Antoiogia , " published at Florence . The review was suppressed , after having heen in the first instance prosecuted . ' In 1830 occurred the revolution ol July : and from the exeitement it occasioned in Italy it
was deemed pruuent to put under arrest every person ol known or suspected liberal sentiments . Mazzini was of course amongst them . Mazzini ' sfather , whois professor of anatomy at the University of Genoa , went . to the governor of the town ( Ycnansou ) to inquire what offence his son had committed , and found that the chief ground of accusation was the following : — " Your sou , " said the _governor , "isin thehahit of walking every evening in the fields and gardens of the suburbs , alone , and wrapt in meditation . What on earth cau he hare at his age tu think about ? We don ' t like so much think . ng on the part of young people without knowing the subject of their thoughts . "
A commission of senators was" appointed at Turin to try _ Ua 2 Zini and his friends ; but , as nothing could be proved against thein , they were acquitted . The acquittal , however , signified nothing . Mazzini " was detained for five months in solitary confinement in thc fortress of Sarona , aiid then banished the _COUUtry . At this time Louis Philippe , newly seated on his throne , had not been recognised by thc absolute sovereigns ot Europe , and it was the policy of the French government to protictand encourage the discontented of all nations , especially Italians and Spaniards ; many of whom received money and semi-official offers of assistance . The object of Louis Philippe iu this case has since been explained .
Itwas merely to einbarras the allied powers wnh their own subjects , that hostilities against Prance mi ght be rendered impossible . When this end bad been answered , revolutionary propagandism was disavowed , and protection was withdrawn from the refugees ; but not till many among them had been led to commit themselves too hopelessly against their own governments to dream of returning to their native land . The unfortunate Spaniards and Italians fell alike into thesame snare . Who among them could bs blamed for believing that the lime had arrived when a blow struck for freedom could not be other than succissful ! They were deceived by a prospect bright but transitory ; soon to be overcast with dark shadows , which could notbe foreseen .
Mazzini was permitted to publish at Marseilles "La Giovine Italia , " aud to form an . association of Italian liberals , under the same name . This association differed from that of the old Carbonari in various poiuts , but especially in repudiating secrecy , whenever it is practicable to claim and exercise the right of public discussion . A free press not ; existing in Italy , the press of foreign countries was used as a medium for tlie open dissemination of liberal principles . The ' . ' political tracts of " La Giovine Italia , " were smuggled by Italian merchant ships from Marseilles into Italy , and immediately produced uu effect whieh alarmed the Italian governments for the result . In various states the symptoms of an impending _revolution could not be mistaken . In some the people broke out inlo open insurrection—a movement in which the foreign exiles hastened to take a part .
It commenced tuo lute . The policy of France had charged . The new liouse of Bourbon came to au understanding with the House of Austria , and Italy was sacrificed as the price of peace . The refugees at Marseilles were now sent into the interior . Mazzini , without form of trial , or reason assigned , was ordered to quit Prance . He refused . Hope had notyet been abandoned , andit appeared to him stillimportant to keephimself in communication with his countrymen . He remained at . Marseilles for twelve months , baffling the vigilance of the French police and Italian spies ; but so rigorous was his seclusion , that only twice during the whole period did he venture to leave his place of concealment to breathe the fresh air , and that only at night , once in the dress of a woman , in the other instance disguised in tlie uniform of the
National Guard . When a large body ef Italians assembled in Switzerland , to aid a populsr movement in Savoy , Mazzini joined them . The attempt then made , although frmtrated , chiefly through the misconduct of their military leader ( General Itamorino ) , brought upon Switzerland the ire of the great powers . Diplomatic notes were showered upon the government of the Cantons . Austrian and French troops were poured upon the frontiers . Mazzini and his friends were compelled to' Hy from Geneva to the Gantonde Vaud ; thence to Berne , thence to Solothurn ; thence to unfrequented villages in the mountains ; ervry where receiving marks of sympathy and kindnest from the people , but finally compelled to look to Bugland as the only country in Europe in which it would be permitted them to find a resting-place or a sale asylum . _.- ' ..
_-How safe that asylum must have proved to some who have since leftit unconscious that tbe reputation of Great Britain for honour and hospitality only masks the same system of secret espionage which prevails on the continent , we leave the public to judge . Mazzini landed in England in 1 S 37 , and has remained a guest of tbis country from that period to the present ; esteemed by all who know him , and enjoying the confidence and personal friendship of many of our ablest literary men . We need not reiterate the disgraceful story of our country ' s degradation , caused by the opening of Mr . Mazzixi ' s letters . _^ At the time when the facts in coRuection therewith were , thanks to Mr . _Doxcomue , made publie , we took the part whieh our love of freedom , our veneration for justice , our sympathy for
Italy , and our regard for England ' s honour dictated . In common with thc better portion of the press , wc demanded the punishment of the traitors , and the _espungiug from the statute book of that odious and infamous law which authorised the abominable acts of _GniiUM , _Aherdeex , and their _predecessor . The efforts to obtain justice , made within and without the walls of the legislature , were , however , mado in vain , because the members ef that legislature represent not public opinion , and are irresponsible to the mass ofthe people . Still , we must confess , that even the unrepresented people were not altogether blameless . For a time the charges preferred by Mr . Duncombe , the admissions extorted from the Government , and the disclosures made by the " committees , "
excited considerable ferment , but tins soon died away . The aristocracy , regarding Mr . Mazzixi as one of the principal representatives of the democratic principle , were consistent in their defence of the spy system , knowing that it is to such means they niuso look for safety against the attacks of the masses . Their country ' s honour was nothing to them ; it was enough that aristocratic domination abroad was endaogered by the acts of Mr . Mazzisi and his _compatriots . This was enough to induce them to sympathise with those of their own caste , and connive at any means , however base , to crush the friends of liberty . The middle class care not a straw for England ' s honour , or Italy ' s liberty . ' If they have any dislike towards the present political system in Italy , it docs not extend beyond dislike of the Pope , because he will not permit " them to traffic in railroads within Ms dominions . Could the English middle classes have the tariffs of the several Italian states modified to suit
their rapacious views ; and could the Pope "be induced to allow them to overrun the "State's of the Church , " with railroads , no matter whether Pope , King , or Devil ruled the land , no matter what are the sufferings and wrones of twenty-two millions of people , these matters would be periectl j indifferent to thc English profitocracy , provided tuey could suck and plunder the Italians as they suck and plunder their own countrymen . They had no sympathy , therefore , for Mr . Mmisi . The working classes , so far as they became aware of the facts of Graiu _* u ' s spy-system , did-earnestly sympathise with Mr . Mazzisi , and burned with indignation for the wrong done te Italy , and the blight cast upon their own country ' s name . Still , there was nothing like an organised expression ofthe opinion even of this class , as most assuredly there ought to have been , had it been _only for the vindication of their country ' s honour . But they had another and a stronger motive which should hare impelled them to active hostility against
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that _^ _systemiunderwhich Mr ., Mazzini had . been so grievously , wronged . ? They , too * , _hadibeen wronged . Itwas proved , admitted by .. the Government ,, that the letters of a great number : of the ; leaders of the Chartist party "had been regularly : opened for the avowed purpose of entrapping the . writers , and immolating them for their political views and intentions . But let us see what Mr . Mazzini says on this subject ; wc beg _ourreaders to weigh wellliis words;—¦ Aiid now , if I-were ah Euglishman- _^ if the prejudice of distrust that still clings too much in this country to the name of foreigner ( a term that-should have had no meaning since Christ spoke ) , does , not ; abstract weight from tlie truths that fall from my lips—this is the lall . guage , my hand on my heart , that I would hold , not to you , Sir James , but to jour countrymen , to whom I am writing under your name . ; .
j Before all things , hasten to wipe from your foreheads ttie burhing stain of dishonour that your statesmen have planted there . ' Toil have , truckling to the foreign absolutist police , in the persons of your statesmen , played the spy for five mouths In most ignoble fashion , on patriots who are seeking to raise from Papal-Austrian mud the land in which their mothers live and sufi * er .: ' . Hasten to throw off , by blotting from your laws an odious and useless power , all identification bstween you and your statesmen . Do not suffer it to be said b y the world , that the nation which abolished the slavery of thc negro tolerates with indifference : the slavery of the white ; and that besotted with calculations of immediate material gain , or blinded by the sordid divisions of political party , she has lost tlie moral sense or the courage to carry out such
inspirations and their logical application . Iknow many men . among you , deploring from the " bottom of their hearts what has psssed with regard to myself as immoral and unworthy of England , who gave their vote in favour of Ministers , not to * shake a power already too much threatened . These , in my opiuiou , are tho true culprits . They have forgotten that they are in their _places . not to support such and such men under all circumstances , tut to support what is just , to overthrow what is unjust , without reference to secondary ca ' culations . They have forgotten that the . safety of England is hot linked with individuals whatever name they may bear , but with the degree of morality . she possesses , and which her representatives are bound to make fruitful . Never has a moral people wanted a Government worthy of if .,.... . '
: The map of Europe is to redraw . The system of old monarchical nationalities , of the treatyofV 7 eshphalia , is decayed . The popular element has dissolved it , and is preparing a new system . . The treaty of Vienna , in organising a tyranny of . the great powers , over the smaller states , . explicitly avowed the danger without succeeding in avevting it . . All that as occurred sinee then has been in contradiction to that treaty . Europe is tending to recomposeitself in gre . it uniform masses ; -Te sulting from a spontaneous popular impulse , —creating a mutual equilibrium as respects guarantees of internal independence _s-harmonising themselves to a common aim ; pursued under various systems , for the civilisation of the world . Who among you scans this map of future Europe ? New nationalities prepare everywhere to form .
In a period more or les 3 distant , but inevitable _^ Spain and Portugal will found one Iberian power ; Poland will revive , a nucleus for Slavonian organisation ; Greece will outstep her existing boundaries , to incorporate all those colonies kindred in _language and belief ; Italy and the southern Slavonians will cause the empire of Austria to vanish : and which statesmen of yours occupies his thoughts with these configurations of the future , whose signs are already visible on the _horison ! Which of your statesmen asks himself— " What will be . the character and the power of England when these things come to pass , if , revolving in the egotistical circle of her policy of a day _,- _, she shall have prepared for herself and these new nationalities neither homogeneity of tenderness , recollections of gratitude , orgerms of sympathy f "
Twenty-two years ago there was a man who , if he had net a just conception of the mission of England , had at least a clear intuition of the state of things . Mr . Canning told you within the venerable walls of Westminster ( 28 th April , 1823)— " It is perfectly true ; * * * # that there is a contest going on in tlie world between the _spirit of unlimited monarchy and the spirit of unlimited democracy . Between these two spirits , it may be said that strife is either openly in action or covertly at work throughout the greatest portion of Europe . It is true ,
that in no former period in lustory . is there so close a re . semblance to the present as in that ofthe Reformation . It is true—it is , I own I think , a formidable truththat in this respect the two periods do resemble eaeh other . " Then with this spectacle before him , with ' Europe before him in arms for evil and for good , he coldly concludes — "Our station is essentially neutralneutral not only between contending nations , but between conflicting principles . " This was . precisely contrary . to the _conclusl 6 _n drawn in analogous _timug by Elizabeth and Cromwell .
Since 18 * 23 . tliis contest has hut enlarged . The efforts of nationalities — for that is my only ground in this debate — suppressed or ' unrecognised in ths treaties of Vienna , in somo parts already victorious , elsewhere not yet so , have proved , do each day prove , that this contest is not a transitory effervescence , but a sacred war between fact and right , between the will of millions and the protocols of the old diplomacy . Your policy has been the same . Now as then , you pretend to stand calm , immoveable , iu the midst of the European ferment ; now as then , yon declare yourselves neuter belwecn two opposite principles . That is to say , you , a Christian nation , declare yourselves indifferent between tho good andthe evil , the just and the unjust ; you . a people believing in the unity of the human race the creation of the Deity _, deny all oneness with it , all duty towards it ; you , the emancipators of the blacks , you say— " despotism or liberty , Austria or Italy , it matters not to us : we give alms to the exiled Poles—we give fetes to their perse < _mim- _ we serve God and the Devil—and that is our
part . But this part—this degrading , selfish , and atheistic part you cannot sustain . T hank G od , the force of principles is so great , that you must elect for one or the other —to ascend or descend . You deduced the sole logical consequence of your pretended neutrality when you said , "Let every one look at home ; there shall Veno intervention on our part anywhere ! let there be no intervention from any one else . " And yet you were obliged to look on quietly upon French intervention in Spain , upon Austrian in Italy . You said , "In virtue of our neutrality , we aflbrdhospitalitytoall the proscribed , come from what part tbey may * , " and see what y # ur Government adds to this proud _[ declaration— "Good ; but upon condition of opening tlieir letters , for the convenience of Baron Neumann , or any other agent of a foreign despotic power . " You , men constitutionally governed , who say that liberty is a holy thing , lower yourselves to the footing of spies , to crush tliis holy thing elsewhere and confirm tyranny on the Continent as long as possible .
Let our readers ponder on Mr . Mazzixi ' s words : — "Never fas a moral people wanted a Government worthy ofit . " The Euglisli democrats , though they ave of the people , arc not yet" tlus people , " but with , the words of stinging rebuke from Mr . Mazzini ringing iu their ears , will they not do more than they have ever yet done to write their principles on the hearts of the _multitude , and induce the majority of tho nation—the veritable people—to overthrow that accursed system which makes their country ' s name a thin * ' of scorn and hatred , instead of what itshould be , a beacon of ltope , a watchword of iove , for the patriots of every clime ? Mr . Mazzisi concludes his pamphlet—nominally a ** Letter to Sir James Gia ! iam , "but really an appeal to the -British people , with the following words : —
I would not be misunderstood . I do not invoke the French _propagaiidist-armj of 1793 : 1 do not wish it for my country , for it is not the fact , it is the _conscience ot liberty that we want ; and we can acquire that but by emancipating ourselves through our own efforts . But I do wish that there should be at least one nation in the WOlId tO set an example Of public morality ; one nation professing a belief , whose language and acts should continually harmonise with that belief ; one nation whose international policy should not bo an insult to its internal policy . And I would wish , that cheered by active manifestations of sympathy here afforded us for our misfortunes and our efforts , my countrymen , who now sorrowfully say , — " Wc have all the world against us , even free England , " might repeat encouragingly to eaeh other , — "If we succeed , we shall have friends and allies ; if we fall , we shall be lamented and admired .
As for myself , Sir James , whom you have selected for the object of your diplomatic amiability , all that I have hitherto written must teach you what I think it my duty to do during the years of life ihat remain to me—to speak , to write , to act , by every fair means that are or may be in power , for the emancipation of my unhappy country . I have had it said to me , that in affording hospitality , England did not intend to grant me the right of labouring on her soil for the wellbeing of my country , for the destruction of a great injustfre . I reject such language with all my eaergies ; and in rejecting it , I beT
lieve myself to be more English than those who proffer it . I do not believe that the hosp itality of England is limited to the body of the exile : 'tis theswJ—the soul with all its aspirations towards the just and the true , with all that constitutes the human being—that she intended to weicome . Otherwise , the hospitality she is so rroud of would be but a bitter irony . The man who sets foot on this soil of England is free—free in thought as well as in the instruments God has given him so realise that thought . I am using , and I shall use , this privilege : let him who would not do as rcuch for his country stand forth
and condemn me . Before we conclude , let us ask why the conductors ofthe " liberal" press have , with two or three honourable exceptions , so shamefully neglected Mr . Mazziki ' s pamphlet ? The Mommg Chronicle , when it had a party purpose to serve by showing up the misdeeds of the " ins , " because its own party was "out , " was loud in its denunciations of Sir James Graham and the Earl of _Abeboeen , for opening Mr . Mazzixi ' s letters , but not a word has its columns contained respecting this pamphlet ' . on the
contrary , it denounced the recent insurrection at Rimini as a " disgrace" to the brave but unfortunate men who took part in it . We have been still more surprised at the silence of the Weekly Dispatch . _^ Occasionally , that paper has done good service in the cause of general liberty by its » _""ces of _Italian politics , but not a word even has the '" Republican * Dispatch said in favour of Mr . M . wzisi ' s appeal to the English people , which it was so essential should be made widely known . . ., The greater part , at least all the leading points 0
.« Jkad I Will War, At Leastin Wns, (And...
Mr . MmiNi _' 8 pamphlet ,, has now . been laid before _{ l _^^ d _era . ; , .. We should ' not . have , 'feTfc' _^ uraelv es at ««» rty . to have « printed '__ b ' muchofthat gentIeman ' s work , had we not had his permissibh'to do soT'That permission lie kindly gave ; and we'h ' ave availed ourselves . of it _^ to the full , our desire' _fcing _.-to make Known to the English working-classes , the actual _>? T * ° * eir Itillian brethren ; We will now add , that _^ whenever Mr . Mazzisi ; ' or any of his known and trusted countrymen , think proper to avail themselves ot our columns to publish the wrongs of tlieir country , or Vindicate ' their holy cause to the English people , those columns willhe found open for tliitt _purport . >> e had purposed to have offered sonic observations of our own as to the present state and prospects of Italy , andthe duty the English Democracy owe to their Italian brethren ; , but the great length to
which this article has extended forbids this . Enough for the present , that for ourselves , ahd for the democratic party pf England , wb repudiate the slavish doctrine of Canning ; the'" neutral" is notour position . We . have ranged ourselves On the side of progress , and taken biir stand with the men of every clime who have sworn to devote themselves to the overthrow of tyranny and the emancipation of the nations . We sympathise with Italy , and therefore we execrate the Austrian despotism . Wc _commisserate tke -roles , and therefore we do hot join in fetes given to their persecutor . AVe are the advocates of freedom , perfect freedom , for all mankind , and believers in the everlasting progress of the human race , and therefore we have vowed inextinguishable hatred and unceasing war against all who would keep the minds and bodies ot our fellow men in darkness and bondage
. We respond to Mr . Mazzisi ' s allusion to the word foreigner ; it is a word < . we repudiate . We bid him good speed" in his mission ; and success as the reward of his labours , It is our unfaltering hope that Italy will yet be free ; liberty and fraternity bc in thc ascendant throughout Europe , and . " ¦ ' " Miin to man ; the _warld o ' er , Brithers he and a'that . " !
¦¦ * . ¦ ¦ ¦ • A Tale Of Mystery. - - Gravesend, Saturday Evening.—An Occurrence Of Im Extraordinary Character, Which At Nres'ent Is
¦¦ _* . ¦ _¦ ¦ A TALE OF MYSTERY . - - Gravesend , Saturday Evening . —An occurrence of im extraordinary character , which at _nres ' ent is
Enveloped In Considerable Mystery, Has. ...
enveloped in considerable mystery , has . been discovered at Cobham-pnrk , _-fouf _tiniles distant from this town , the princely domain of the Earl of Darn _^ ley , and which has created the greatest _Bensation throughout this part of the county , there being no doubt that a duel has taken place , and that one ol the combatants was seriously or mortally injured . The particulars connected with the tragical affair , as-far _' as we have-been enabled to glean , are as follow . *—
It appears that , between the hours of ono and two on Friday evening , the keepers , or watchers , in the service , of the _. Earl of Darnley , on duty in the preserves of the park , heard the report of lire-arms in the direction of the main road , near the Blue-gate , and , suspecting that it proceeded from some poachers , they were induced to keep a more than ordinary look out , but no one was seen . One of the keepers , however , shortly after daylight , in going off duty , and passing through that part of the park where the unfortunate Mr . Dadd was murdered by his son , a few years since , discovered , probably not more than thirty yards from the spot where that dreadful affair happened , a brace of _jiistols lying on the grass , and in the immediate vicinity were found the case for the
pistols , a pocket handkerchief , and a ginger-beer bottle . On examining the pistols he found one of them loaded with ball , and cocked _^ Tke other was unloaded , and apparently had been recently discharged . The handkerchief , a white cambric one , was saturated with blood ; one part in particular appeared to have been pressed against a wound , and was stained with blood . Near where it WAS piolud iip was a large pool of blood , fully showing that thc unfortunate individual had bled profusely , and ; from foot-marks and clots of blood which were traced sonie distance , it is evident that he must have been carried away . On the ginger-beer \ bottle being drained , it was found t © contain a small portion of brandy . The gamekeeper , on making the discovery , immediately hastened to the park-lodge , and obtained further assistance , so as to scour the domain . The ground was strictly examined , and after the spots of blood had been traced some distance , the track was
lost ; itwas , however , in the direction of the mam road . Information having been forwarded to Daws , the constable of Cobham , he took charge of the pistols and the other articles found on the ground , and sincft Lia _boati most actively engaged in endeavouring to ascertain what has really occurred ; but up to the present period all efforts have failed to solve the mysterious affair . During the whole of yesterday and to-day the park , preserve , and adjacent land , haye been strictly searched with no better success , lhe authorities of Cobham have directed the numerous pooh of water in the vicinity to be dragged ; and nothing lifts been lost sight of that will tend inany way to unravel this perfect mystery . At the principal inns in Rochester , Chatham , Maidstone , and Gravesend , inquiries have been made as to whether any post-chaise had been hired in the course of Thursday night , but not the least clue has been obtained . It should be observed , that the pistol which appeared to have been fired was besmeared with blood .
THE DENOUEMENT . Among the passengers on board the Waterman steamer No . 3 , which left the _Bellwater-gate , Woolwich , on Saturday evening , at five o ' clock , was a tall , portiy , well-dressed man , about forty years of age , who , soon after the vessel left the pier , seated himself aft , behind the man at the wheel , with one leg over the taffrail . This position , attracted the notice of Mr . Phillips , the mate , who was steering , and who told the passenger that he was acting very foolishly , and that he had better keep his leg _in-board . The passenger replied that he would take care of himself , and that he always assumed the same position on board steamers , because it was so much like riding on horseback . He then called for a glass of hot ginwhich
and-water and a cigar , were supplied to him , and the mate again requested him to alter Imposition and take a seat upon deck . He refused to do so , and said he was very comfortabb . Directly afterwards tho mate heard a splash in the water behind him , and , looking round , missed the _passanger . He immediately called out there was a man overboard , and Mr . Smith , the master , gave the order to stop the vessel . The engines were reversed as soon as possible , ropes were thrown out , and a life buoy was also flung overboard . The man floated upon his back on the surface of the water , and made no effort to save himself , or to lay hold of any of the ropes thrown towards lum . ' Two collier brigs were drifting down with the tide , and were hailed by the crew of the steamer . A
boat was lowered from one ot them , aud two seamen entered it and pulled towards the man who floated like a cork on the water , and never disappeared from the moment he fell overboard . He was again Taken on board the Waterman , and appeared to suffer little inconvenience from his immersion . The captain , however , told the man to keep a sharp look out after him . He was taken into the fore cabin , and as he had complained of being cold , he was supplied at his own request with a glass of rum-and-water . Just before the waterman reached the Blackwall Railway terminus lie put a sovereign on the cabin table , and said that was for the men who had saved his life , but soon afterwards picked it np , and put it in his pocket . On the arrival of the vessel at the terminus , Mr . Smith gave his passenger in cliai *'' e to a policeman on tlie wharf , who said he
would not detain him unless the captain proceeded to the Pop lar station-house , and signed the police-sheet . Mr . Smith declined leaving the paddle-box , as he had a great many _passengers on board , who were proceeding to the Adelphi Pier , and said if the policeman thought proper to release him , he would do so on his own responsibility . The vessel proceeded on her voyage , and about half-past nine o ' clock the same evening , Mi * . Smith had occasion to go aft to inspect some trifling damage , when he found a large pocketbook behind the steerage wheel . Curiosity induced him to open it , andthe first thing he saw was a sealed letter , with the following address upon it : " To the captain onboard the steam-boat . I go in —I believe it will be one of tlie Waterman ' s boats , but whether five or half-past five I cannot say . " The captain , not- doubting that the letter was intended for him , and that it was written by the passenger who threw himself overheard , opened it , and found the contents to be as follows ;—
" Woolwich , Nov . 15 . 1845 , Two o'Clock . " Sir—I , whom may the great God forgive , expect to he no more before you receive this . This ii my Eecond at . tempt at suicide . I am now suffering with a black eye , and part of face blown away through a pistol shot . I was not , it appears , to die with my own hands , with a pistol , I am now going to try water . Inclosed is a halfsovereign to defray any expenses you may be at in sending the inclosed letter to my liouse , and letting my unhappy wife know her husband ' s untimely end . " I am , sir , yeurs obediently , "J . P . P > I , MEB . "P . S . I say the Inclosed letter , I mean another letter in my pocket-book , addressed to my wife . "J . P . P . "
Inthe same pocket-book were many papersand memorandums , and three scaled letters of considerable thickness , all addressed " Mrs . Palmer , 3 , Beauvoir-terrace , Kingsland-road , London , " and upon caeli tlio _following direction which was written above the address— " To the Captain , deliver this with the otlier two . " On the back of one of the letters there were three spots of red sealing-wax , and below them the following words were written : — " My dear wife , kiss thc three wax spots , and you will know my lips have been there . I am in death , yours truly , P . "
Mr . Smith had no sooner read the letter addressed to himself and the address upon the other , than he proceeded with all possible expedition to the Kingsland-road , with great misgivings as to the fate of his passenger , whom he never expected to see alive again , supposing that he had been liberated by the policeman , and that ho had sought his death some other way . On reaching the liouse No , 3 , Beauvoirterrace , he made known his errand as delicately as possible to Mrs . Palmer , who at first denied that
Enveloped In Considerable Mystery, Has. ...
lieriiusbana _^ _K _^ ao _^^ herjthe lettere . and the . pocket-book- She was much _agitoteoYofryarihg tliat herhusband had attempted to' commit suicide-in- the-riveiy and .-then admitted that heiliad been brought home inthe course of the evening by one of the police of the K division ; and a porter _belonging to the railwav station , arid that he had informed her . he had fallen into the water by accident . -, Aftei * . sonie delay Mr . Smith was introduced , at the . patient ' s own request , to Mr ; Paltrier ,-whom he found in" bed , and labouring under delirium tremens . Mr . Palmer immediately recognised the captain of the steamer , thanked him i ' or his kindness , and said that he had left En ' _tli in the afternoon in a gig , arid that oh his way to Woolwich the horse
liad . taken fright and the vehicle was dashed to pieces . Mr . Smith asked him if it was true lie had _shothimself , with a pistol , and he said that he had received a wound in a duel in Cobham Park on Friday morning . On being asked how the affair originated . lie said -lie was dining with a party at an inn "the other side of Rochester , " and that . a gentleman gave him the lie , and he called him out . That he received his adversary ' s ball in the mouth , and that Mr . Coward , a surgeon in Beauvoir-square , had extracted a bullet since he came home " . He also stated that he was a little excited when he wrote the letter addressed to the captain , and that he never had any intention of shooting oi'drowning himself . Both Mr . and Mrs . Palmer appeared very anxious to obtain possession of
the captain ' s letter , but he declined parting with it . After a long interview with Mr . Palmer , who assumed an air of indifference and jocularity , and said his adversary wasi . too :. higli to get a shot at , Mr . Smith proceeded to ' tlie residence of Mr . Coward , in _Beauvoir-square , and learnt from that gentleman that he liad been called upon about eight o ' clock the same _evening to attend upon Mr . Palmer , and found him in a highly excited state , and very , cold from his immersion in the water , and that Mr . Palmer informed him he had fought a duel , and that a pistol shot was lodged in his mouth . Mr , Coward added that he discovered by the light ofthe candle a
bullet fixed in Mi * . Palmer ' s upper jaw , and succeeded in extracting it . In doing so , he was compelled to remove a small portion of the jaw . The ball entered Mr . Palrher ' s mouth in an oblique direction , carried away a part of the upper lip and two of his front teeth , and then entered the upper jaw . The ball , when , extracted , was nearly flattened . Mr . Smith handed , thei letter 'he had retained to Mr . Coward , who perused it with great attention , arid said it was his firm conviction that Mr . Palmer was labouring under temporary insanity , and that he had given directions he should bckept very quiet , and not allowed to receive any visiters . . _' .--..
_ The mystery in which this extraordinary affair was involved at Chatham and Gravesend , is thus partially cleared up by the subsequent conduct of Mr . Palmer . No doubt is entertained that he shot himselt in Cobham-park , and after he had discharged the pistol threw it on the ground , where itwas found with a loaded one beside it . What favours this supposition is that hisieft eye was blackened , and his face slightl y burnt with the powder . This could not have happened . if he had been shot in a duel by another man a few paces distant . Mr . Palmer is a leather factor , and has offices in Coleman-street . He left home on Thursday evening _, and proceeded to Rochester via Gravesend , where he is supposed to have slept on Thursday night , and to have strayed towards _Cobham-oark on Fridav
_morning when he committed " the rash act . " hVBTHER Particulars . —There now remains not the shadow of a doubt that Mr : Palmer shothinisell ' m Cobham-park , and threw tlie pistol away , with another which was loaded , after he had made " the attempt . It is somewhat remarkable that he did not obtain any medical aid till Saturday night , _irhen Mr . Coward , of Beauvoir-square , Kingsland-road , extracted a pistol ball from his upper jaw . There is no question that he bled profusely , for foot marks and clots of blood were traced some distance on the grass , in Cobham . It was quite dark when the report ofa pistol was heard in Cobham-park ; and it seems that he went to the park at a very unseasonable hour , , to prevent observation . It is hot known how he spent his time after he wounded himself , until he embarked
onboard the Waterman steamer , at Woolwich , at five o ' clock on Saturday evening , but a gentleman , exactly answering his description , breakfasted at Erith the same morning . He made great preparations for making his wife acquainted with his attempts to commit suicide , for he wrote three letters to her enclosing others addressed to his friends and connections , stating that he had shot himself jn OoUiam-park , and that lie intended , as his first attempt on his life had failed , to drown himself . He also embarked after sunset , when tliere would be less chance of his being picked up after he had thrown himself overboard . Here again his intentions were frustrated , for he floated on his back like a cork , rind _although he was in . the river a quarter of an hour he never disappeared once , and he is no swimmer . He appears to have repented of his attempt on his life , for when he was landed at Blackwall he _betraed ofa -.
_nHeaconstable and a railway porter to see h im home to his residence , No . 3 , Beauvoir-terrace , which he had no sooner reached than lie sent for Mr . Coward , his surgeon , to extract the bullet lodged in his mouth . He-persisted in his original statement that he had been shot in a duel , and fell from the Waterman steamer bj accident , until he left home on Sunday morning . His own letter , addressed to the " Captain on board the steam-boat I go in , " now in the possession of Mr . Smith , of Watorraan No . 3 , in which he slates that he had shot himself , and as the pistol failed he intended to try water , gives a flat contradiction to his assertions . His motives for making tho attempts on his life remain involved in mystery . His surgeon , who had occasionally attended him , and Mrs . Palmer , describe him as a very cheerful , intelligent gentleman , and tliat he never observed any symptoms of insanity about him .
Horrible Murder Im Staffordshire And Mut...
HORRIBLE MURDER IM STAFFORDSHIRE AND MUTILATION OF THE BODY . Staeford , _Satokoay Morxixg . —A most horrible murder was perpetrated on Wednesday last , at a place called Alsager _' _s Bank , in the parish of Audlcy _, in this county , which from the shocking circumstances connected with it , has produced the greatest excite ;; ient throughout thecounty . The name of tlie murdered man was Adolplms Fielding , forty-nine years of age , respectably connected , living in Stockroad , Newcastle . He was a potter by trade , but his _siglit declining , became a hawker in small wares . The murderer is a stone-mason ofthe name ot James Dean , he is a married mnn , separated from his wife , and lived with another female . It sppeavs that about noon , on Wednesday , Fielding went into the cottage where Dean lived , who had been ill during the week , and had not been at work . It does
not appear that there was any one else in the house at the time , excepting Dean's son , a little boy five years of age . Shortly afterwards , the woman who cohabited with him was met in the road bv the child , who told her that his father was beating the old man . On her hastening to the cottage , to her great horror , she saw through the opened door the headless body of the unfortunate man on the floor , deluged with blood , and Dean striking at the head of the murdered man with an axe . The alarm brought numbers to the spot , but , from the ferocious appearance of Dean , they were afraid to enter the cottage . Seeing tlie crowd , Dean took up a portion ofthe brains of his unhappy victim , and threw them at the bystanders . A collier , named Seott , more resolute than the rest , then attempted to secure him
and received several wounds about the neck and face , Dean having armed himself with a pair of scissors and a knife . The infuriated man then bolted the door , and having placed the head ofhis victim on tlie fire , commenced ; _blowing it with the bellows . It appearing to be the intention of the murderer to consun e the body , several people got on to the roof of the cottage , and , by pouring water down the chimney , extinguished thc tire . They then stopped the chimney up , and the force ofthe steam and smoke drove him to one of the upper rooms . The street door was then forced by the villagers , and the extent ot the frightful tragedy was immediately apparent . The body still remained on the floor , and the head ] when taken off tho fire , was so burnt that it scarcely presented a human aspect .
During this time Dean stood at the top of the stairs , armed with another axe , of a larger size than that he had just used , and repelled his assailants bv brandishing it about , and throwing bottles and other things that he could lay hands on at them . Eventually , some policemen broke through tlio roof , and rushed upon liim as he was crouched in one corner of the room . What with his blackened features from dust and smoke , and his clothes saturated in the Wood of Itis unhappy victim , he pveiented a spectacle perfectly appalling . After very great resistance he was hand-cuffed , and then conveyed to the "lock up" at Audlcy . At the inquest held on the body of poor Fielding , on Thursday last , before Mr . Harding , the county coroner , the following evidence was adduced * —
Frances Maycock said she cohabited with Dean . Between the hours of eleven and _twelveVclock on Wednesday last she left Dean and his little boy in the cottage . Had not been gone more than five riiinutcs , when she met her son , who cried out that his father was beating the old man . She ran to the house , and on opening the door saw Dean on the floor with the body of the old man , whose head was off . He did not appear to notice her , and she ran into thc main road and gave the alarm . The razor produced _belonsrcd to a widow who owned tlie cottage in which they lived . Inthe early part of the week she had
noticed that his conduct was very strange , he appeared not to know what he was about . William Scott , the collier , stated that he was passing the cottage when his attention waa drawn to a loud screaming . The door being open he went in and saw Dean cutting away at the head of the deceased . He held the hair in his left hand and was cutting at it with an axe-hammer witk his right hand The next moment the head was severed from the body . When Dean saw him , he dropped the axe , and took up a knife from a bench which was near him , aud pointed it to witness with a hissing noise .
Horrible Murder Im Staffordshire And Mut...
_^— _. - ~ _—g— — -Haviug , KotEa _, rttii _4 o .. uejvuJ , _hii _!« eH When he found Dean had aimed lumse _. f with a pair of _sciMorsTaiid _^ him in the face and neck , Inthe Btiwgle they fell , and having recovered , he ran out of the house . He then assisted the police in breaking through the root and taking Dcaii into , custody . . ,,, _,,.,. . A police inspector having proved the nnding n a shovel and a pair of . tongs with blo-id . upon them , which showed that those weapons ' _^ had been used inthe deadly affray . ¦ ¦ _-., . , -, _p-Mr . C . Tait , surgeon , of Audley , said tho head ot the deceased was taken off near the shoulder . The primary , cause of death w . is no doubt a fracture Oil the temple , which was apparent . All the witnesses having been examined .
The jury , after ii short consultation , returned a verdict of wilful murder against the prisoner James Dean . : _- The prisoner , who was in the court dttring the whole proceedings , and appeared quite unconcerned , was asked by the coroner if he wished to say anything ; he replied , ' with a vacant stare _^ " I was not taking any notice . " ' ¦ '' On the coroner telling him the verdict thejury had returned , he said , "I nave a good deal to say , but I have forgot it ; I did not want to kill him ' : I did not kill any man : did I ?"
He was then removed in custody of the police to Stafford gaol , to await his trial at the ensuing assizes . Further Particui . ars . —No one can peruse the account of this atrocious murder without arriving at the conclusion that it was the act of a maniac , and the present state of the prisoner strengthens that supposition . . Dean is by trade a stone-mason , and was for some time employed in the alterations and improvements in Trentham-hall ; lie has lately been similarly engaged at ApedaU , the _matision of R . E . lleathcote , Esq . He had lodged at the widow Colcloueh's , Alsaeer's-bank . for the last twenty-three
weeks , and bore the character of a quiet and inoffensive man . It is said that about fourteen years since Dean was married to a woman . named Sarah Plant , at Dane-eri-Shaw , hear Congleton ; he lived but seven weeks with his wife , arid then left her , it is said , through feelings of jealousy . From that time up to about six years since he passed as a single man . At the latter period ,, while employed at Trenthamhall , he became acquainted with Frances My cock ; from the birth ofa little boy , the result of this illicit intercourse , they lived as man and wife , and it was thomrht by the neighbours that they were legally
married . On Saturday night last , Dean arose ; in the middle of the . night and disturbed the inmate ' s ' of the cottage by calling out "Glory be to God , 'I ' ve found pardon , " and other similar expressions . He showed evident signs of insanity , for when Mrs . _Colcleugh offered to protect the child , who she thought was in danger frorii tho half frantic gesticulations of Dean , he resented the interference . Dean continuing in that disturbed state of mind , Mrs . Colclough , fearing the consequence , _w _* ent for her son . The night passed away without anything worth y of further remark taking place . On being questioned by a neighbour on Sunday morning , as to the cause of the disturbance during the night , Dean said , "It was the power
of God that was upon hie . " He desired Mrs . Colclough to get his razor from his razor-case , bnt she refused to do so ; he got it himself , arid appeared to be playing . with it , without any objectj She desired him to put it back , but he refused , answering , V Can't I do as I like with my own ?! ' During the day Dean and Mycock , accompanied by the little boy , went to Newcastle . Mycock observed that on . starting Dean put the razor in his _trqwaew' pocket , and on the way kept taking put the iristrument' -and making stealth y glances at it , several times she remonstrated with him . When they had arrived opposite the Almshouses , Dean took the razor and a knife out of his pocket , and put them down on the stones ; then with a large stone he broke them into pieces , saying to Mycock , " There ; now are you satisfied ?" In the evening , for the first time during the five
years ol their cohabitation , Dean went to the Wesleyan Chapel at Alsager's-bank , where he conducted himself in a very indecorous manner , requesting Mycock , who was with him , to nudge him if he acted wrong . On Monday . Dean went to his work as usual at Apedale , but was sent away in consequence of not performing it in a proper manner . Instead of chiselling a stone , he applied the hammer , to break it to pieces . He then carried a razor with him , and holding it open in one hand , he solicited a maid at the hall to go into a shed with him , saying he would show her how " pigs were killed . " On Tuesday , Dean , Mycock , and the boy visited some relations of Mycock's at Stone . They returned in tho evening as far as Hanford , where they slept at the cottage of a
relation , and arrived baqk at Alsager about eleven o ' clock on the Wednesday morning . Mrs . Colclough having occasion to go to Newcastle , had left the cottage , and Mycock wishing to execute an errand at tlie village shop ) left Dean and the little boy alone in the house . Within a few minutes after this , poor Fielding was murdered . Dean was j ; csterday removed to Stafford . The general impression is that he is decidedly insane . The body of tbe murdered man was removed from Alsager ' s Bank to Stoke-road , last evening , for interment . The uncle ( William Ratcliffe ) with whom the deoeasecYlodged , and by whom he had been brought up and adopted , is a very aged man , upwards of
seventy ; bidding was something over forty years of age . William Ratcliffe is a bachelor , in possession ofa small competency , which it was understood he had devised by will to deceased , with remainder to the children of his brother Humphrey . The family aro much respected for their probity and industry . A series of domestic _nffletions seem lately to have fallen upon the Eatcliftes . Aboutthree months since , a daughter of Humphrey ' s married to Dr . Whitehead , now practising as a barrister at New York , died under painful circumstances ; another daughter lies at the peint of death in the liouse of her parents ; . and their cousin , the deceased , was cruelly butchered in the manner described in the preceding account .
General Kntdligentt
_General Kntdligentt
Joint Stock Factories.— On This Subject,...
Joint Stock _Factories . — On this subject , Mr . W . Howitt , the celebrated author , writes to the Leeds Times : — " What reason is there , that railways , and steam-packets , and ga 3-works , and joint stock banks , and nil sorts of trade and money incorporationsshouM thrive , and that joint stock factories should not I There is none . The million may have their shares in such companies , whicli shall be regularly managed by paid agents as these other investments are , and thus receive their fair share of profit over and above the mere price of their labour . If this principle could be brought to bear , and worked into practice , it would confer on this country , and on the world , the greatest possible blessing . " Nfw _Oraxge MovBMEKT . —The Orange confederacy , so recently established at the " Orange Institution , " under the advieeofits counsel , Mr . Napier , has adopted the new designation of " the Protestant Alliance . "
Death op a _CfiLEBRATEn Daxe . —Li Copenhagen , _thehealingarthassustainedalossby the death , iri his 72 nd year , of tlie celebrated surgeon , Christian Fenger , Director of the lloyal Academy of Surgery in that city , chief surgeon tothe king , and author of a greatvariety of professional works—the most important of which have , it is said , heen translated into English , French , and German . Nkw Work by Thomas Carltlb . —A new book , in two vols , octavo , is announced , from the pen of Thomas Carlyle , entitled ' * Oliver Cromwell ' s Letters and Speeches , with elucidations and connecting narrative . " IIoxovr to Art ix Belgium . —The King of the Belgians has created M . Wappers , the most eminent of living Flemish artists , a baron ; and conferred the order of the Legion of HonouronM . Hubert , the promoter of the Wilhelin System of Musical Education among the people .
SurposED Shipwreck . —Copenhagen , Nov . 8 . —To the many losses in the late storm we iear we may add that ofthe Victoria steamer , purchased in England of Mr . Lundt , for a week ago a piece of tbe side of a steamer was driven on shore tothe north ofthe Agger Canal , which is thought to be a piece of the Victoria , as nothing has been heard of her since she left England on the 18 th of last month . Railways . —Nearly 270 railway schemes , exclusive of those in Ireland and Scotland , are already announced for next session . Potatoes _ako Provisions . —There has been a very visible improvement in the quality of the potatoes introduced into the London market during the last few weeks . At Spitalfields , however , the great emporium for the supply of the Eastern districts , the quality is still inferior .
Determined Act of Suicide" bt a Policeman . — On Friday evening police constable Thomas Peters committed a most determined act of suicide by cutting his throat at his lodgings in Lock ' s Fields , Bermondsey . Upon his landlady going to call him to go on duty , she lound him with a razor in his hand , and a dreadful wound in his throat ; he was not quite dead at the time , but breathed his last at two o ' clock on Saturday morning , Wortht op Support . — A subscription is in progressforthe widow and young family of Mr . Augustine Wade , the late song writer and * composer , who died prematurely in very indigent circumstances . Life Preservers . —A few days ago , a large concourse of persons assembled on the cliffs , at Brighton , to witness a trial of somo life preservers . The novel feature ofthe trial was to see two men smoking their pipes and waving their hats on the water , although the sea was running tolerably high . The life-preserver kept the men above water admirably .
Tke Sandwich Islasds . —It appears that the Sandwioh Islands have a kin ? , an independent government , and a local legislature . Commutation of Sentence . —The government have commuted tlie sentence of death passed on Martin Maher ( Tierney ) at last Tipperary assizes , for the murder of Timothy Cleary , the bailiff of John Carden , of Barnene , Esq ., and bave directed that he b « transported for the p « rM of hia natural life .
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), Nov. 22, 1845, page 7, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns3_22111845/page/7/
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