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Northern Star (1837-1852), 23rd February 1850, Edition 3 of 3, Page 7

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      Destruction Of Bishop's Rock Lighthouse ...

      _VgfflrtBDS ANO TBSASTS US IRELAND . * _-i _^ Kn in _*^ letterisf _** om the _^* _r < * i * _wn '«/ oartia _? , _^* _t SS inthoraddressed . it . Tho bare-2 SSJffi 3 « _d oh Mr . Markey , by his _laud-& T - _H-mn" indeed when compared with the lord , » •* . -J _ndiords at a greater distance from practices oi _¦*" _^"" _Lustown is situate about eighteen ! miles _^* SiiTit was a barren waste when Mr . _(?* _WsGrandfather took it , and spent a fortune _^ _*^ bl ! _rod lasting improvements , a 1 of which , invali _»»|^{ fon of the lease , have become the & _^ _L _^ the landlord . It is not to be wondered p i °£ _^" ow and then hear of the shooting of an j £ j _£ 5 ori 1 ieie and there in that unhappy and p _lnnd _^ rcd cou _^ T- _^ a - has not _% _? _£ _Sffi *> to his - ftWlfann - nor h hD i 5 _t » _lv to do so . - _** _« _p _t-mb » _«* the _hieehax ' s _jocbsai . * " ° ™ RochbeUew , Julianstown , Drogheda , January Sth , 1 S _50 .

      c _.-Tou have proved yourself to be the firm and -- _"""^ _^ _--anf- friend ofthe farm **** - classes , as well as * J nfon " r ? _»^ Uletermined foe to landlord oppression ; and _* e _^? JW _* l you with a few facts which you are at as snch 1 fi _* rj ~ - nv „ 3 T that suits your purpose . Bberty , _-V _^ , ri nc iaJtown lias been in the occupation _•^ _fl _^ _ta three penci-ations = - Owing to the _wgeaeo f _mj f _*™§ _% Z u „ dlor « l and his agent . I was obliged to r 0 _** ° _rt-tari « m the _MH * of _>' o * _-en * her last For tlie _pu _remlcr _"jf Iliave i _^ n tenant from year to year , iu I *** * ' l _LrJt * _-mv _. _HshicBcalion to take alease offourteen * _^*^ f " _l-S term the landlord would give . Finding y _* _*^^ to WTitinne _lay ing the rent I contracted for , my lnaoim } _" _«» times , withm the last sis years , for an _Imp lied _*™" _™ _efteedcachtime . I had then no other _^ fc * n «* . ?~~' —carer the value of my improvements bv _jKoijatJve * *** _" * " _£ " _!• . . after which I served a six months * _^¦* ia ** S O _* tt tue « t ' same lime , _maUn- what I con" _»? l _^^ ftfr offer for the farm , conditioning for a _ceh-eu to oe , _^ 7 „ u _, - _^ was the reply ! The _landloieleaw . ""J _, " _*_ . _„? says : — "I certainly will not l _* _- _** _f _™? _SXient _Arrangement with ilarkc > , who , I niahe _- j alter tlio

      ; .. . _- ~ _w linfajr aavantage numocr think is rain-- -- *' . ' , _^ oa _^ fc _^ _-- TllU rf' S _^ _SlSfS * _™ de toa man paying £ 531 yearly _^^ _^ ( lri _? 10 of « ry badland . _^ _Sr _^^ ftris taken immediately on my leaving , by . an The ftnn via _*»** f _* j _^ _^ n _. _- ndch , who informed inc 88 _^ » _taK _««**»« _^ — _«¦ to bu _**^ _^ _S _? SSt I woul d make an _erjoi-^^ _Sd _^ _otcav _, _S'Snotconacicen-l t 0 _£ ve - « . y _espl-malaon . _Iforgot ¦ S « g _^ 2 SS £ hjrar _BlandeUrEsi-- *> ° _^ y J 1 ** * I _^** _- _^ " _* . - ? I * erpetnalal . sen fi _^ _^ a iiis _justandUberal _agentis _^ icholas tlhs , Lisnar _^' _Glouis , County _Monaglian , and HardmcKe-place ,

      niave now a pleasing duty to perfo ™ , _Jy ™ ° J _*™ Z * _ccutmstmthe cWl . ict of my present landlord , Edmund _Soian , E _^ . agcutlciBan of enlightened and honourable nm « L On tl . e subject of landlord and teuant , his opinions are most liberal and just , advocating the right toco-n-H . iication for permanent improvements where a su & _cientinierest is not given Iff _Inigtli of lease . To prove lus _sinceiily Le has given me three lives and thirty-one years , which is equivalent to 109 years . The Protectionist babble will soon buret The farmers ofthUpait of the country are quite awake to the sordid and selfish motives wliich actuate the movers ofthe _congniracv , and they are determined to defeat the dishonest same . " I have the honour to be , dear sir , Yourverj obedient servant , l _' ATttlCK MiEKET .

      ^^^^^^^^^^^ Mmmmmmi^^***I. 4 '^I^^ 4 ^'I...

      4 4 l _February 23 , _1 _S 50 . THE NORTHERN STAR . _. 7

      —A-**********—A "Visit To Pottersville, ...

      —a- **********—A "VISIT TO POTTERSVILLE , WISCOXSK TERRITORY , UNITED STATES . TO THE EDITOR OF T * IE _XOBTDEnS STAB . Sm , —VVe now commence to give you a statement of the far "WcsL "We were both working on the Plank-road till 2 sth _ISovembDr , when thelfrost set in , and the work being stopped , we started for the "West on the 4 th of December , 1 S 49 , and after going through several counties we arrived in the town of Fort Winebag © on the llih , when fortunately wc fell in with Mr . Scott , the lecturer from Paisley ; we were happy to meet him , but his hopes were all blasted concerning the rotter's Land Scheme , but he was glad at meeting us . Wc all went down to Twigg's land together , which was eigh : miles from the first store , and when we crossed the ferry to the Indian land , we went into the store as they

      called it , but it came far short of what it was r _» - presented to the British public , and we were greatly disappointed at its appearance , when seeing there was nothing in their store except flour and a little pork , and that is all those settled on theland had to live upon . We may here mention , that there are about sixteen men and boys , and one woman _eatins the best fiour and pork , where two good men and a boy could do all they had to do , and some of them set cash , while the poor members who are keeping up their lots do not know of it , —so much tho more pity . To give you an idea ot their handsthe land surveyor , for instance , put ? us in mind of _Twister -J T , and such like fine men . The storekeeper told us their credit was gone , and that

      the pork would be done in a few days , when there wouid be nothing except the bare flour , as there had been no cashsent from England for some time . "We wondered what Twi g" had done -with all the money- that had been sent from England , seeing he Lid purchased no land , hut let theiii ( thc members ) take up where they please , he having no right to tho laud more than any other person in the place ; arid even if it was only that , but he has placed them in the worst portion of land , and the _Yankeeshave picked up and made claim to all the best land in the middle of his claim . _? vow we have diligently investigated into thc case oi claim , and have learned , that if lie had applied to _govcrnmc-ut he might have had it protected when it came into ihe market , but

      lie has not done so , and now it would take a good deal of money to buy up the claims made around him even if he had the power to do so , but we all think here he never will , as he is ok to England on pretence of _getting money * """" "Rl grist mill , and it is thought by a great many that he never will return with _' the money ; and it will be a great pity if he gets any more into his hands , considering the way he has acted in not purchasing land when he came ont tiith the money first . Plenty of good land could have been hadat government prices if he had looked after it ; if he had done so , the members wonld have run no risk of losiug their land , but now they are in a critical position , and if they have not money of their own to purchase their lots , when it eomes for sale , their improvements are lost also . We saw a great many of them with small families nearly in a stale of starvation , and they did not know how thev were to set _through the winter , and

      were , very sorry they had ever any connexion with it ; Int they were now placed , and could not better ihemseives in tlie meantime , and just taking what little flour aud pork were served out to them , as there was nothing else to give them . We were informed that there was to be a public meeting on Saturday , the 17 th . to see what was to be done for them , * a good many attended , —a great many did not attend ; we were there , and heard all tbeir proceedings , but of all tbe meetiugs ever we have seen we give it the degree . There seemed to be two parties , —the party in the store , and connected with it , " as we viewed it , " were in great favour of Twi gg , and _thought he would return in tbe spring and make every one rig ht * these were the parties reaping the benefit . If anything was to be got others were for the rights ofthe society , to see and inake some arrangements for their general satisfaction , and for the benefit of all . There was one man

      connected with Pottcrsrille , came there to state his grievences , but Twi gg's party would not allow him to remain in the lneetinsr , and ordered him out ; wc had an interview with him afterwards , and he told as tha t himself , wife , and family had lived nine days without food of auv jkitid but what he gathered from a neighbouring / _arWr's field of wheat and boiled it "ffilh water , and that was all they _Lr-d io live upon oaring that time , which was hard enough indeed , and he was not alone . "Mr . Scott rose and well leetared Twig « ailu ]{ l 3 p ; irtv for misleading the people in the old countrv , and ' himself with the rest , _ij sending sack false reports regarding the land and acre _pi-ovui-m _s _; whiIe some of tliem > vho he Pointed out , had wrote snch false letters , and had *«* : « been on the land till after the letters were _vXlht t 4 at Le non ' fclt - 'shamed to look men « we . _fcc ? whom he had ken thc indirect means of "rwsuis into _< i » . * , ,. „ .,. i-.- _ .. -m x i ,. tuuuiuuii iiic _aioi _ciu

      « . „ - ' """ « _- . _-cjici wJ ? _T Upaild wadea Poor defence for himself ; _aLv , _7 _R Lad left Liu * iu _^ arge when he went a « rt » _i ™ defied thc _vh 6 lc society to touch an iL \ vC u onW _imprison any one who attempted as _twT * f _*!«* members think of such conduct _* act * _-4 Bn M * _P jbmson - from t ,, e Paislcy b _" _* ' ch _* the bran cL 1 _'' l i in a " _* - _•? w c 1 ' * _* _** as a cred * te ended _™ _-n . i ? * but stin to r ' ° P" _" P * _theVfonno ,, _rall - * W e they began , further than ( _Wiud . _V _&^ _ofihquiry _. _nineinnumber , _is _tlcns- ? r , r _£ . ' _hcottat - Uobinson ); but what too late vi wLe ali is consumed ? -we fear it is « _5- _* te w _* , ? - - , 4 fiJ 1 ' ** J * - ** * - ** dral morc if ic "• verc « _oa jj t _, " _COliSldeiodit oui- _dutv to write and let tW , , ; " w i tr _** c state of Pottersville , tbat _Wn _«» i '" - or •"• " - ¦ "selves . We would not wish ** nS _™^ to J *» _w the society in * its _pre-•^ _eonnf-ri . J au - one wishes to come out to Tlie _^ 7 _^ _™ do so on their own account _, _"eoced ii w , s _, lieal _* _-by so far as we have _expe-^ _'dn-lnd , - _" , ia" * ejust returned from the West , _eoncladp _,. , - ' 1 P of 30 ° ™ _fcs on foot . Wc now

      " * e shall ir I > 0 I , _t _eDC'C with some of the members , as *" _"ite in _w , 21 cn _i to hear the news , and we will ** hat v ; J _^ _* _* " _•* _- _^ a - " ove a true statement of Wm . OnR . Wm . Gemmeu .

      "Ffl <!**Rnai!!Ui 0l,E D:Ly Endeavouring...

      " ffl

      ^^^^^^^^^^^ Mmmmmmi^^***I. '^I^^ 4 ^'I'I...

      _^^^^^^^^^^^ _mmmmmmi _^^*** _i . _' _^ _i _^^ _^ _'i'i i _^^ _^ _^ i 4 _^' i _^*^*^' , _^**^^* immm THE "NATIONAL PARLIAMENTARY RE . FORM ASSOCIATION . " The meeting to receive the leading members and orators of this Association , on Wednesday evening week , at the Free-trade Hall , was sufficientl y notable in more than one respect . It was remarkable for the absence of almost every public man of the slig htest influence amongst us , whether of moderate or extreme political opinions . The platform was deserted by even the more influential and active members of " the league , " and of its successor here ( " The Financial Reform Association ; ' * and both the principal speakers , and the principal auditors of the evening—the gentlemen upon the platform—as will be seen by the list of names in the report of the meeting , were strangers in Manchester .

      Another c irious feature in the proceedings was the nice skill manifested by the several speaker .- , in that up-. ration ivhich nautical men call sailing close to tbe wind . Tbe National Reform Association agitators avowed themselves _all-hut-Chartists ; one if them—Mr . Henry Vincent—is known to go the whole length of " the six _piints ; " but in order to ca « ch . as they vainly hoped , a favouring breeze from middle-class opinions , the speakers , throughout their experimental trip in tbe Free-trade Hall , tacked from time to time with the greatest care , and were particularly assiduous to sooth the fears of the timid , by assuriug them that , under the particular extension of the suffrage of their advocacy , rank and

      wealth , virtue and moral worth , would have as large an influence with the constituencies as at present . Well ; all seemed smooth sailing ; popular plaudits _supplied to each orator in turn " the favouring gale , " that bore him onwards in his argumentwhen , In ! just as the last of the squadron had reached port , an untoward tquail arose , which did no small damage to these crafts , in the estimation of the quiet on-looking bystanders . Up rose Mr . W . P . Roberts , in all the * dignities of the •¦ P . ople _' * Attorney General , " to thank the orators for their speeches ; and in doini * . so he said that— - " He had

      never , in the course of his life , heai d more thorough * going Chartist sentiments , than had fallen from those who had addressed the meeting . It whs well for us tbat those gentlemen should come for ward and proclaim themselves as they had done ; they alone were allowed to do it . For uttering sentiments not one whit more seditious—not _approaching the amount of sedition he had heard from that platform that night—scores of Englishmen were nnw m gaol . " And he added— " It was plain from what they heard that night , that there was no difference betw -en the Chartists and the members of the

      Nat onal R-form Association : there might be a differe ce of name , but he did net care for that : he I ad only spoken of a name , when there had been a pariy a-king the Chartists to g ive up their name—and tbat they never would do . But , * in principle , there was not the slig htest difference between them . " We are certain that no one who will lake the trouble to read the speeches of Sir Joshua Walmsley , Mr . 6 . Thompson ( which , as an attack en the Honse of Commons especially , we have never heard surpassed , ) Mr . Edward Miall , and Mr . Henry Vincent , can fail to arrive at the same conclusions

      as Mr . Roberts ; who , from his peculiar posit on ought to know , as well as most persons , what is , and what is not , Chartism . But , though Mr . Roberts ' s observations fell hke a hand-grenade amongst those whom he called " the genthmen b-mind him , " not one ot the speakers whom he thanked _ventured to deny ' * the soft impeachment ' , , with which that vote of thanks was so maladroi ' . _Iy coupled . Mr . Miall avowed that he had imbibed and advocated all the principles of the People ' s Charter , before tbat Charter was framed or thought o " .

      Mr . Wilkinson , the treasurer of the association , in a sort of official protest , said it was qu te true that many members of the association were in favour of Universal Suffrage , and it was equally true thanhere were many who were not . But each was expected to concede something of his extreme views , for the sake of the common advantage . And he thus continued— " He _wished to have no approval of the assoeiation , on the ground that it was going for the principles cf the Charter ; because he . believed that to do so wonld deprive it oi all its usefulness . The Charter had been struggled for a long time , but had not tucceded ; and the association

      were not going for the Charter , hut for something perhaps as good , and which they believed could be more easily obtained . It would damage tbem exceedingly in the public mind , which they were anxious to _cuicillate , if it were thought that they had conceded this principle , and if it were thought that they had becorap , as some of their friends seemed to think , Chartists . ' ' And , in acknowledging Mr . Robert ' s vote of

      thanks , Mr . George Thompson by no means repudiated the imputation that he was a Chartist ; but , on the contrary , urged that he was no fledging _t-dvocate in the cause of the unrepreseuted n a > ses . — He bad never held any other opinions than he had avowed that night ; he learned them not from the Charter ; bu * , before the Chatter was conceived , he Tead thesn in the Charter given by our Common Maker to ai ! his children , who in His sight were equal . ' '

      And , lest this should not be deemed sufficiently explicit , he added—* ' He was not ashamed to come there—bis anteepdents would bear inspection ; and as he had said before he said again , no Chartist in this realm ever maintained , through evil and good report , the principles which those Chartists now held , wiih greater integrity and with greater fearlessness , than he ( Mr . Thompson ) had done , " We have here , then , an organised association , which , according to its president , ha 3 already held 120 public meetings for agitating in various parts of the kingdom , —patting forward as its ostensible principles a tenement-rating Franchise , Vote by Ballot , Triennial Parliaments , Equal Electoral District ? , and No Property Qualification for members ; — bnt whose chief advocates , when brought to the test , are all six-point Chartists ! It

      it well tbat this test lias been applied ; it removes the thin veil which might otherwise have concealed from many honest and w _; 1-meaning but somewhat fasUgoiog reformers , that ultimate _object , to w ic " i it fprms no part of their own aspirations : o atiam . Universal Suffrage men , asking for a Property Qualification for elector ? , while they would _exempt the elected from all such responsibility ; advocates of annual parliaments , afftctiug to be _satisfied with triennial ; such are some of the anomalous and iucoosisteut positions in which tbis association would p lace its members . But " more remains behind , " and those who , thanks to Mr Roberts , have been favoured with a peep behind t he scenes , must be blest with a large amount of gullibility , if th ' i 3 does not suffice to disgust tbem - _* _-i"h the farce performing before the audience . — Mancliester Guardian .

      Dlstunbaxces Among Thk We6leyaxs At Bris...

      DlSTUnBAXCES AMONG THK WE 6 LEYAXS AT _BRISTOL . —A terrible disturbance took p lace on Tuesday _Jiigbi , at the langton-steet , Wesleyan Chape ) , Bristol . It would seem that the Rev . Messrs . Dunn and Griffiths , two of the expelled Wesleyan ministers , having made preparations for preaching in that city , the Kcv ., thc President ofthe Conference . Mr . Jackson , invited the members of the Bristol South Circuit to meet him at the _Langton-street Chapel , with a view of hearing from him an exp lanation of the matters in dispute , and a vindication of the conference policy . The admission havin s been by ticket of membership , the full particulars of what occurred withm the walls of tho sacred

      edifice have not transpired , but it is known that there was a very great disturbance , in the course of which ( as some contend prematurely ) thc police of the Bedminster division were sent for . As soon as the president and some ofthe ministers ascended the platform , they were assailed with loud cries for the admission of Mr . Dunn . Thc president attempted to speak , but not a word could be heard from the incessant clamour of the majority of tbe congregation , who demanded tbe admission of the excelled ministers . Other ministers tried to get a neariog , but with no more success , while Mr . Griffiths , a brother of the expelled minister , who applied tbat he might be admitted to hear the charges against him , _ivere heard with tolerable

      patience , as were some other parties who spoke on thc other side . Thc president and others at length declared the meeting dissolved , and left thc building , having previously given notice that a meeting , of the _Xorth Circuit , announced for the following evening , at Ebenezer Chapel , would not be attempted . The affair has caused a good deal of excitement among the religious bodies of the city , and on Tuesday nightMr . Dunn preached at Bridgestreet ( Independent ) , and Mr . Griffiths at Lodgestreet ( Independent ) Chapel , both of which places of worship wereerammed to the doors , many hundreds being turned away .

      Tue _Wonns "kersey , " "linsey , " " worsted , " are borrowed from villages in the south-east of En _** land . " Blanket" was the name of a Bristol man , the first weaver of _blaultets . Taxes on the " Times . " — The limes gives its taxes as rather more than £ 16 , 009 a-year for the paper , £ 60 , 000 a-year for the stamps , and £ 12 , 000 a-year for the advertisements ; total , £ _fc _* , opo a-year .

      Imperial ^Arifament

      Imperial _^ _arifament

      Monday, F-Jb; 18. House Of Lords.-The Du...

      MONDAY , _F-jb ; 18 . HOUSE OF LORDS .-The Duke of Richmond presented a petition from Rochdale , against the relay system in factories , and praying that the principle ol the Ten Hours Act should be carried out . Acts of Parliamrst _AnBim * iATioN Bin .. — - On the motion of Lord _BuouGHAXithis bill was read a second time . Okange Processions . —Dolly ' s Brae . —Lord Stanley moved for copies of correspondence between the chief magistrate of Armagh and the Executive Government in June and July , 1846 , and also for a variety of papers relating to the collision which took place in Castlewellan , in July last . In doing so , his lordship observed , that he should f eel it his duty to

      bring matters of importance under their lordships ' notice , as affecting the due administration of justice —the independence of the magistracy—and the public conduct of persons in high oflice . While _reviewins the conduct of the Lord-Lieutenant of Ireland , —which in this transaction he considered erroneous —he was ready to admit that the noble earl had been actuated by a desire to perform his duty for the welfare of the country . He should also have to impugn the conduct of the Lord Chancellor of Ireland , in having permitted his office to be degraded into a purely ministerial office , and having abandoned the magistracy , which he was bound to protect . After expressing his disapprobation of party processions in Ireland , either on one side or another—a feeling

      which he knew Lord Roden shared—and stating his beliefthat the Orangemen were in the main loyal and religious people , he proceeded to describe in detail the circumstances of the collision which occurred last year at Dolly ' s Brae . He contended that neither tbe _jusUces nor the stipendiary magistrates had reason to believe that the procession was illegal , or thought to be illegal by the government . He afterwards referred to the correspondence between the chief magistrate of Armagh and the Irish Government , with the view of showing that it was calculated to lead the magistrates to the conclusion that Orange processions were not illegal . He complained of the garbled nature of the report given by Mr . Berwick of the evidence taken before the Commission < f Inquiry ,

      and put it to the government whether , in 1848 , they did not rejoice in tbe demonstration of the force and numbers of the Orangemen , who were then intrusted with arms by the command of Sir E . Bl _ickr . ey , With respect to Mr . William Beers , their m ' ght be a prima facie case for his removal from tbe commission of the peace , but Mr . F . Beers was most anxious to prevent any collision ; he gave information to the inspector of the police ; by the latter he was requested to be on the spot , and for being on the spot he was summarily dismissed from tho commission . Mr . Berwick ' s commission was more liable to the suspicion of illegality than the procession , and some of the facts testified to by the wituesses were not , as Lord | Stauley contended , fairly represented by Mr .

      Berwick . Referring to the presence of Lord Roden at the Castlewellan petty sessions when informations were preferred arising out ofthe collision , he m > intained that _thouuh it might have been discivet for Lord Roden to have been absent , yet his attendance in the ordinary discharge of his duty formed uo _vindie ition for his removal from the commission of the peace ; and it likewise appeared from the evidence in support of the informations , that the magistrates exercised a sound judgment in refusing the informations . He considered the Lord Chancellor of Ireland had acted unconstitutionally in summarily dismissing magistrate *? , simply at the dictation of thc Lord-Lieutenant of Ireland , and this proceeding had created a feeling among the _maiiistra ' es that their

      position was dependent on the caprice of the political chief of the day : had irritated , by the dismissal of _magistrates of irreproachable character , a most loyal body ; and had called forth expressions of _symp . thy and r- spect in _favourof Lord Roden . Besides being unconstitutional , that act was arbitrary and unjust . In conclusion , he stated thet he abstained from moving a direct vote of censure , because be wished that this great constitutional question should be kept apart _fr-m any party conflict . The Earl of Clarendon had travelled from Ireland , leaving public business much delayed by his absence , out of compliment to their lordships' hous' _* , and to answer a formal challenge , to decline which might have rendered him liable to misconstruction .

      But he protested against converting this instance into a _precedent , or placing the members of the executive at the mercy of every leader of the opposition who might choose to question his official conduct . The point of view in which party processions had been regarded since 1815 was not that they were ipso facto illegal , but only liable to become so , as resulting so frequently in breaches of the peace . Governmen I s of which Lord Stanley was a member had pursued a similar _course in cashiering _magistrates to that which his lordship now characterised as arbitrary and unconstitutional . For years it had been his ( Lord _Clarendon ' s ) object to put down all party processions indiscriminately , or to provide for the absence of dangerous _ weapons among the parties taking part

      in theni . Following Lord Stanley through the events of July the 12 th , at Dolly ' s Brae , the noble earl showed that many warnings had been given of the conscqu- nces likely to ensue from a persistunce in holding the procession , or of taking the route wliich was nevertheless adopted . That such resu'ts ultimately appeared proved a charge of laches again-t the magisterial authorities who might have prevented tbem , but , though prestnt . had omitted to into fere . Concerning the atrocities that followed the repulse ol the Ribbon party Lord Clarendon read much documentary evidence , _proving that they were far more flagrant than had appeared from Lord Stanley's slighting mention . Even although processions nere nnt illegal the magistrates who held aloof nhile

      proceedings so dangerous and finally so fatal were being planned , had shown themselves unfit for the exercise of their high functions . His lordship then vindicated the conduct and character of Mr . Berwick . That _gentleman was selected to rarry on the inquiry _tecanse he w : is acute and yet no partizan , and had justified the selection . The circumstances related iii the report of Mr . Berwick were acted upon with great pain aud reluctance . They had involved the dismissal ofa noble lord ( Rodt-n ) who had been often useful as a magistrate , ai > d was esteemed as a ftiend . All personal feelings and motives of convenience would have induced him to abstain from that step , butthey had succumbed to the dictates of duty " and to the determination to assert the impartiality of the

      law . Tbat the lr . qmry itself was not illegal and unconstitutional , as Lord Stanley had disignated it , the noble earl proved by many precedents and arguments . Mr . Berwick was in the commission ofthe pence , and had . while conducting the investigation simplv exercised the powers conferred on hini by the very words of the statute . In vindication of the _accin acy of his report Lord Clarendon showed that the report _? relied on by Lord Stanley were prepared for Orange newspapers , and falsified in many important particulars , and gave an indignant denial to the accusations brought against Mr . Berwhk ' s character for probity and impartiality in drawing up his official documents . While professing to di dain the task of refuting the miscellaneous libellers who had attacked

      him in every shape since tbe occurrence , the noble earl proceeded to remark upon the formal charge _authenticated by thc signature of a peer , aad accusing him of having courted the Orange party , and offering them arms during the first apprehensions ol rebellion . Early in 1818 , he observed , requests for arms were s nt in to the government by various loyal bodies , and it was true that in entertaining those requests no very stringent inquiry was made into tho religious tenets of the requisitionists . But there requests were refu-ed when united with certain party propositions from members of the Orange lodges , who were the only parties that _f-eemed inclined to turn their loyally to _accs-unt . Lord Clarendon then alluded to the celebrated loan or gift of £ fi 00 from

      Captain Kennedy for arms , which ho declared to have _bren a strictly private transaction on the part of the captain , and read some letters from that officer in support of his declaration , expressing a regret _thalhe subject should have been _a-ain opened for discussion . The noble earl informed their lordships officially that Ireland was unusually free from sectarian spirit and political hostility , and concluded bv calling on them to accept the measures for abolishing party processions now lying before the other branch of the _ligislature . Lord Roden thought he had been harshly treated by the government and the Lord-Lieu ' enant . Within ten davs of the Dolly Brae ' s affair he had written to Lord Clarendon expressing hit regret and

      sympathy , and placiii 2 his commission at the disposal of the government . To that letter he received a friendly roolv disclaiming any idea of his dismissal , and he heard nothing more from the Castle until , on the 7 _* h of October , an official missive arrived _annOlinceing that he had been summarily superseded as a magistrate . Three charges were laid against mm— -ot having abetted an illegal procession ; of omitting to interfere to prevent bloodshed ; and » f having s « t as a magistrate in judgment in his own case . , these charges the noble _1-rd went on to rebut , stating that he had already received punishment without a trial upon them , liis lordship then entered in a minule detail of his conduct during and after the Orange procession of July 12 , and _brought a charge of persecution _a-iainst the government .

      The Earl of _Wischuska . thought , the conduct of Lord Clarendon arbitrary and inconsistent . Lord Brougham hoped that hereafter som e surer ¦• round would be sh own for the reliance whicli tier Majestv expressed , in the royal speech , upon the _j-o d sense of the people of Ireland . Turning to the _iej-al question , he said that certain acts and meetings ufuht be perfectly lawful , but in the number ot those who attended danger might iie , and that dange r constituted a degree of illegality involving a very serious responsibility to all who were assisting . In _processioas like those at Dolly ' s Brae , collision * . were always eminently probable . And as a collision re * quired the presence of both parties , it was impossible for one party to disclaim all the gitdt of the catastrophe , by throwiufj it upon thin' opponents . He gave it as his judgment that the

      Monday, F-Jb; 18. House Of Lords.-The Du...

      process of tha removal ef . Lord Roden and the Messrs . Beers from the-magistracy was not unconstitutional . The peace of Ireland was endangered by giving power to men who were zealous in wrong doing , and sanctioned acts of tho most perilous nature , while actuated by the purest motives . In these party processions the members took up their Bibles and their _Wnndcrhussca and went to a picnic . If anything was left at home it was not the weapons . He concluded that on the whole perfect justice had been done by the government and Lord Clarendon .

      After some observations from the Marquis of Clanricarde _, who declared that Lord Clarendon had the entire approbation of the government for the manner m which he had acted in _theafTair brought uuder the notice of the house , and from Lord _Abingcr , who stated that he had not been able to collect why Lord Roden was _dismisseU from thc commission of the peace . Lord Stanley replied . He was satisfied with tho result of the debite , and believed that the country would share that satisfactim . He doubted the authority on which the truth of his version of the Dolly s Brae report had been questioned , and retained full confidence in his own witnesses . His lordship concluded by declaring his own strenuous _disapprobation of all party processions , and especially of the Orange organisations and parades . Tiie motion , which was for the production of papers , was then agreed to , and their lordships adjourned at one o ' clock .

      HOUSE OF COMMONS . - Privilege . — Mr . O'Coxxor wished to ask the Speaker whether , as tbe hon . and learned member for Sheffield had brought certain charge against bis ( Mr . O'Connor ' s ) character in another p lace , there was any course open to him , by moving tins adjournment of the house or otherwise , to reply to the accusation in the house ? Tlie Speaker knew of no course which would enable thc hon . and _harned gentleman to bring the matter before the house . Affairs of Denmark . — Lord Palmerston , in reply to a question , stated that the Danish

      government had consented to the renewal of the armistice of Ju y last , upon certain conditions , now under _cinsideration at Frankfort and Berlin , and that in the meantime tho armistice was virtually prolonged . Business of the Housb . _—Afterdiscu-sions and divisions , in the course of whieh members of all parties complained bitterly that the time allowed to private members for introducing business was gradually but steadily abridged by the government , ' Lord John' Russell succeeded in carrying a motion that on Thursday , 11 th April , and every alternate Thursday following , the government business shall have presedence .

      Australian Colonies Bill . — Mr . Hawes moved the second reading of the Australian Colonies Bill . m Mr . Scott thought it the duty of every state to give its dependencies constitutions like its own . Our proposed Australian constitution , on tlie other hand , rather resembled the single chambered republi _; in France . He was altogether in favour of giving the colony the full benefit of popular representation , secured by a double co-ordinate chamber . He moved the postponement ofthe bill until further papers were produced . Mr . _Labuijchebe believed that the proposed constitution would work well and efficiently . The colonists might form another for themselves hereafter if they wished to extend the principle of representation .

      Mr . Roebuck objected that the measure would practically place the legislative administration of Australia in the hands of government nominees . They ought to plant liberal institutions at once in the colony without forcing upon its inhabitants the agony of a contest in order to obtain them . Lord J . R'jssell charged the hon . member with historical inaccuracy . The constitution proposed for New South Wales was but the extension and popularisation of thc one that had existed there for soiiie years . It was not the fact that tho colonists had seriously objected to that constitution . By the present system the crown possessed tlio power

      of introducing an assembly and council as elements in the administration of any colony , and needed not , if the */ had so pleased , to have required the sanction of parliament to the measure . It was the system in theory that all our dependencies were to have a governor , a council , and an assembly , even as in England there were the _OjUeen , Lords , and Commons . But in such communities , it was not easy to provide a second chamber that should possess any influence in the country—or , on the other hand , it might happen that the single chamber would prove move democratic than the double one .

      A long discussion ensued , in the courso of which an almost unanimous opinion in favour of a double chamber was expressed , after which the house inconsistently carried the second reading without a division , and consequently the single chamber to which it is opposed . The . Distressed Union Advances ( Ireland ) Bill was also read a second time , after a few words from Col _SiuTiioRP and Mr . P : _* Scrope , followed by a brief explanation from Lord J . Russell . The house then went into committee on the Party Procession ( Ireland ) Bill , on which a few verbal amendments were made without any discussion .

      Landlord and Tenant ( Ireland ) Bill . —Sir W . SoMEStviLLE introduced his bill for providing compensation to tenants for improvements , and for amending thc law of landlord and tenant in Ireland . Thc measure was founded in a great degree upon a bill that passed the lords' committee in 1843 . Some important clauses were , however , now added . One of these was designed to prevent the carrying oft ' of crops by night from the ground . Postponing any further discussion until members had read the bill which he placed on tpe table , the hon . baronet expressed his belief that'it would bo found as complete and yet as moderate as it was possible to make it .

      After a few words from Lord _Castlereaoii , Mr . M . 0 'CoNNELL , and Colonel Dunne , leave was given and the bill brought in and read a first time . The Committee on Public Libraries was afterwards nominated and the house adjourned a few miuutes hefore midnight .

      TUESDAY , February 10 . HOUSE OF LORDS . —The Railways Abandonment Bill was read a second time , and referred to a select committee . The Earl of Glenoall introduced a bill for facilitating the transfer ol land in Ireland , which was read a first time . . HOUSE ' OF COMMONS . —A number of petitions were presented from various agricultural district s , praying f or a restoration of protection . Ono of those petitions has arrived from Devonshire , bearioemoi'o than 15 , 000 signatures . _TiiB- . _Ift'coMB Tax , —Mr . Henlki observed that , under various clauses of the income tax , tho amount levied upon real property was fixed upon an average

      of tho produce during three years . _Now , the last valuation had heen made in 1843 ,. since which timo the owners of real property—at all events of landed property—had been subjected to a great alteration in the value of that property . ( Hear , hear . ) Now , what ho wished to ask was , whether it was the intention of thc government , either by legislative measures or other wise , to give power to parties so circumstanced to avail themselves of any reduction of income which might have happened to them—to avail themselves of that , by paying a diminished amount of income tax ? ( Hear . ) lie also wished to ask whether anything was to be done for tenants under schedule B who were unable to get a reduction of income tax although thoy had obtained a reduction of rent . ( Hear . )

      Lord J . Russell said that it was not the intention of her Majesty ' s government to propose any alteration in the income tax . Of course any relief to which parties might be entitled under tho act would bo accorded to them . Poor Law _Burdess _uros Land . —Mr . Disraeli , in pursuance of his notice , moved for a committee of tho whole house , to consider such a revision of the poor laws as mi ght mitigate the distress of the agricultural , interest . lie lamented the continuance of agricultural distress , and tho diminution ofthe farmers ' means to maintain tho amount of tho employment they bad bestowed upon thc labourer , and much of , which had for some time past been factitious . Adverting to the poor law the hon . member

      admitted that the management of that department had merited the confidence of the country . But unexampled distress existed and must be somehow relieved . On that ( the Protectionist ) side of the house this distress was attributed to recent legislation , and its removal chiefly expected by the return to the princi ples that . had been abandoned . It was , however , not expedient to convert that house into a mere debating society ; and he would not , therefore , re-open a discussion which , as the division lists in both branches of the legislature had proved , could not lead to , any remedial measures during the present parliament . An alternative now loomed over the country . If protection was denied to tho cultivators ofthe soil , in ' ustice tbey could demand that tlieir taxation should ' bo adapted to their altered circumstances . There were masses of taxation that

      fell almost exclusively upon the agriculturists ; and fiscal restrictions tliat fettered their industry . Even in the presence ofa majority of cconomisfs he did not despair of finding a response to this appe al for justice . The hon . member then reviewed m detail the various classes of tax and rates concerning which ho had resolutions to propose . These rates ho argued , even by tho admission of Mr . Hume , foil in great measure upon the occupier and tiller of the land . Ho assorted tho paramount importance of the territorial population , and its ralfec as a creator of wealth and preserver of order , and appoaled from the judgment of the house to that ofthe country in denial of tlie dogma that land was to bo lumped up with other raw materials of labour . Yet oven accepting that dogma , he argued that other raw materials were more favoured by the legislature than theland . Tho margin of pio-

      Monday, F-Jb; 18. House Of Lords.-The Du...

      fit afforded by the remi ssion he should propose would redeem large districts from impending abandonment and sterility . The hon . member then lectured upon the subject of rent , and vindicate 1 the landlord class irom the sneer which stigmatised it as limited , luxurious , and useless . Its numbers were 250 . 000 . Of tliese 20 , 000 who possessed manors might bo called an aristocracy ; ' tho rest , _oleveiitwelfths of tho whole , were strictly democratic "; The total rental of England was sixty millions affording £ 240 on an average to each proprietor—a sum that gave little room for luxury . Beginning with local taxation , he stated at- _twcl-. o millions the amount of the secondary branch of the reversion which , though appropriated to general

      pur-, poses , was levied in an unjust proportion from tho soil . The land tax had contributed one hundred millions to the national exchequer , as to tho iiici dence and amount of the poor rate , since 1800 the land had paid to that rate 581 millions against 159 millions raised upon other species ot property . The maintenance of the poor was both a matter of police and of social duty . Either purposo was one of common interest , and should be defrayed by the contribution of every class . That a large proportion of the property should escape paying its due share was an act of flagrant injustice . Tho argument that land was bought or inherited , subject to theso burdens , had often perplexed when it had not convinced , but it was not true , nor , as matter of

      principle , was it just ? If a tax was impolitic or unfair , thc circumstance of the inheritance was insignificant . Mi ght it not happen that , together with its burdens , the land enjoyed tho protection of laws which gave its produce an adventitious value ? The objection that an interference with these taxes would embarrass the system of local administration , was equally f allacious . Tlie "hon . member then promised " a series of measures" calculated to remedy the injustice he complained of . One of this series related to tho poor rate , and would be submitted to the house if it would consent that night to go into committee . He should , in that case , propose a large remission of tho charges upon the land for pauperism . The establishment char-res .

      amounting to ono million and a half , he should propose to transfer to the consolidated fund . The same course ho should suggest for the accessory charges , such aa thc registration expenses , the jury pcnals , sanitary reforms , and other miscellaneous assessments now raised by the poor law machinery from the real property of the kingdom . Tliese rates amounted for the United Kingdom co more than £ 700 , 000 per annum . A third resolution would embody a proposal for the transference to the general revenue of the charge for maintaining . the casual poor . All these changes he should propose to commence from thc 25 th of next March . They were undeniably just ; their cost came within the limits of the much boasted surplus in the Treasury ; and

      their introduction would inaugurate a happy system of justice to the ill-used agricultural interests . He hoped that Ministers would not be deterred from an act of justice by the fear of giving a triumph to their political adversaries . Asserting his belie f in the desire of . the house to do justice , ho concluded ( amidst the loudest Opposition cheers ) a speech of nearly two hours , by exhorting parliament so to act that our children might not despair of the institutions of the country . The motion was seconded by Col . _SiBTnonr . Sir G . Grey rejoiced that the mountains which had been prophesied in so many county meetings had resulted in so harmless a proposition as that of Mr . Disraeli . It was a great kindness to the farmers to remove trom their minds the mischievous

      impression that protection could be restored . It was equally kind towards the houso to save its time from wasting in useless discussions , by admitting tho hopelessness of any reversal of its recent commercial measures . The hon . member had based his demands upon an assumption of agricultural distress . In proof of that assumption , he had alleged that since the date of the last poor-law returns , on the 5 th © f January last , a great increase had taken place in the cost of pauperism . That allegation was altogether fallacious . Distress , the hon . baronet would not deny to exist ; but he denied that it had increased . Thc returns of crime and

      pauperism were the best tests , and both concurred in proving that destitution had diminished since 1848 . To establish this point , Sir G . Grey quoted many documents , comprising reports from the Middlesex and Quarter Sessions ; and from poorlaw "" authorities in Ireland and Scotland . In passing on to the proposition of Mr . Disraeli , the lion , baronet signalised tho important omission of any reference to the law of settlement . T ! _-, is law as it existed he admitted to bear heavily against the landed interest , and recommended the subject to the attention of those who had constituted themselves the protectors of British industry . The proposals that were mado were founded upon a confusion of all descriptions of real property with

      landed idterest . Difficulties had always stood m the way of fairly rating personal and trading properties . These difficulties were still insurmountable . But the burthens complained of were decreasing . Since 1813 the amount raised for the poor and county rates had diminished by nearly a million , while the population upon whom it- was assessed had expended from ten to seventeen millions , and tho value of the real property chargeable had increased from fifty to ninety-one millions . Of this the land bore a rated value of only forty-three millions . The rest consisted of housos , railways , and various other forms of realised property . Land had nevertheless not decreased in absolute , but only in relative _va-Jue , and , as was-thus proved , had in no

      degree gone out of cultivation . These figures disposed of the allegation of injustice to the land in the incidence of local taxation . Sir G . Grey then commented upon Mr . Disraeli ' s several proposals . Instead ofa million and a half , the establishment charges of England were , last year , £ 700 , 000 . If this was withdrawn from local checks , considerable danger of extravagance would he incurred . Much the same might be said of the other charges included in the propositions . Rut on this point the hon . baronet , would not , on the instant , declare what the government might determine when they came to decide what was to be done with the surplus revenue . He denied , however , that they differed materially in principle from other items

      of local taxation . The charge for the relief of the casual poor , it was highly inexpedient to remove from thc local control whicli had effected recently a considerable economy in its distribution . Altogether , he characterised tho propositions as narrow and immature . They would purchase , at a cost of mu , ch trouble and complication , a relief not exceeding threepence in the pound on the aggregate rates . Even this modicum of benefit would Co monopolised by the landowner . The hon . baronet concluded by challenging Mr . Disraeli to reveal a little more of the threatened series—whose first member had turned out so inauspiciously , and asked what had become of . his sinking fuad and tho ad valorem duty .

      The Hon , F . "W . _Ciiarteris preferred an appeal for justice to a suit in forma- pauperis . Capital , stock in trade , and funded properties did not pay their fair proportion of the taxes . If the Legislature could not contrive an equitable rating the landed interest could justly require a measure of compensation . They asked no favour , but a right . Mr . Anderson ( who had given notice of an amendment upon Mr . Disraeli ' s motion ) made a long _speeds-supported by a number of documents , to prove , from the details of taxation , that Mr . Disraeli ' s statement as to the burthens upon land wero unfounded .

      Mr . Skymkr said that farmers were not in the habit of talking treason , but in theso times you must not look for any romantic feelings , for a sense of loyalty now was closely connected with a sense of well-being , in tho match playing between All England and Lancashire , would take the side of All England and believed he should win . He stood by his class , which was the most important in the country . ' If the agricultural party bowled well ho anticipated ft return to protection before the close of the

      session . . Mr . ' Rice deprecated any idea of a return to protection , but if the agriculturists had only asked to be relieved from local burthens he would bave supported the motion . He thought much of tholncom-tax and the Exise duties very unjust , and that much might be done to relieve the landed interest , but it ought to be after inquiry . Sm John Tyrell was as well satisfied with thc last speaker as he could be with himself , but supposed he was speaking with a view to another election at Dover . The agricultural interest complained of receiving great dosrespect from the First Minister . The real feeling in reference to the prosperity of free trade . was the samo us we felt when we heard that ' a tliief had broken into

      tho larder , and robbed tho till . " The agriculturists considered free trade as-a bygone question as regarded that house , and they looked " _elsowhoro . " Mr . "Villiers wns , i " destroyer , " but Mr . Cobden was a " divider of the spoil , " and ought to bo in office ; and he ( Sir John ) begged to ask Lord John Russell whether it had been offered to him , Sir John then complained that Lord John smiled , but that the expression of his countenance was a riddle . After keeping the house in exceeding good humour for some time , Sir John complained that thc middle of Sir George Grey ' s speech was read in The Morning Chronicle of the morning preceding its delivery , and declared that the Protectionists had " qualifications" for obtaining justice , " and , by Heavens they would use them . "

      Mr . Honiiousi * said that if tho Opposition had somo time ago been as content with a fixed dut . v ns thoy now would bo , they would have been enjoying protection at tho pvesent time . He opposed the motion , on the ground that it was impossible to relieve inequalities of taxation . Lord Joun Mannbrs supported the motion , and objected to Sir George Grey ' s statistics of crime , whioh , however , he said , showed that agriculturists in distress were less turbulent thau manufacturers in the samo condition , no defended Protectionist ** against inconsistency in trying to get an instalment

      Monday, F-Jb; 18. House Of Lords.-The Du...

      of the justice due to them . He supported the details of Mr . Disraeli ' s plan , especially urging the injustice of casting the relief of the casual poor—by which he meant vagrants who were chiefly Irom . large towns—upon tne poor rates . He concluded by hoping that the resolutions wouid be passed in committee , and that this aad the sister kingdom would unite in gratitude for a common justice . Mr . Bright congratulated Mr . Disraeli on tho _improvement in practicability and absence of mystification shown m his propositions . Yet his positions were untenable . Distress was alleged nevertheless many farms were producing a profit , and the value of the fee of the laud in no instance became depreciate d , other nronertv fluctuated ,

      mines , houses , and rail wav shares had suffered under incautious legislation . Under pretext of saving trouble , the member for Buckinghamshire prudently declined to ask for the poor law returns , which would have told so much against him . Crime , during years of high prices , lamentably increased , involving a torahlo responsibility upon any attempts to raise the cost of food . If the propositions were not expedient in themselves , the abolition of thc corn duties formed no justification for them . They would occasion a transference of two millions a year from real property to those industrial employments which wero alread y heavily taxed . How could these proposals satisf y the clamour whieh the Protectionists had . so busily

      excited during thc recess ? The self-called farmers " ' friends did not attempt to remove tho farmers ' taxes by taking off the duties on tea , tobacco , and malt . Nor did ' they speak ono word about reforming tlie game laws , or appear willing to support the tenant compensation lately introduced into the house . The true prosperity of the cultivator and thc landlord would spring from the expansion of industry , the increase of population , the improvement in wages , and the reduction of crime and pauperism—results that wero rapidly following as legitimate consequences of free trade . The Hon . member , in conclusion , thus addressed tho Protectionist landlords : — " You have ruled in past times in tho house with an undisputed sway . ( Hear ,

      hear . ) You have been in the habit on the hustings of teaching the people that you came here to promote agricultural prosperity and to maintain a high price for corn . ( " Hear , " and " oh . " ) As sensible men , I would say to you , get rid of this habit as soon as possible . ( Cheers and laughter . ) Well would it be for you if all the volumes of Hansard for thc last ten years could be burnt . ( Ironical cheers from tho Protectionists . ) For then your children and grandchildren could never have tha opportunity of reading the speeches you have made in this house . ( Cheers . ) I am convinced that the proposition ofthe hon . gentleman contains within it no element of benefit , improvement , or restitution , to the tenant farmer of this country ,

      and that being my op inion , I will be no party to a proposition , the object of which is to transfer taxes from real property and lay them on tho industry of the country . ( Hear , hear . ) To do so would be to reverse tbe policy of the last seven years—a policy which has been pursued with advantage to the population , and which is tending to the permanent security of every valuable institution in the kingdom . ( Loud cheers . ) Mr . Drummohd thought it would require powers of mystification equal to those of the hon . member who last spoke and the hon . gentleman who made the motion put together to persuade the farmers that they were not suffering deep distress . ( " Hear , " and a laugh . ) He for one could not be fairly

      charged with having raised a cry in the country for the purpose of obtaining a revival of the policy of some _yeai' 9 past , for he had always led the farmers to believe that we could not after tho peace hope permanently to maintain prices higher than those of the continent . But the farmers had felt deeply the injustice of having been made instrumental in lifting a faction into power on their shoulders , and then being kicked down as useless . Farmers and yeomen were plain-spoken men and called things hy their right names , and they called such conduct _treachery , and they said if there were any state necessity for reversing the policy which both sides of the house had declared over and over again to be essential to the welfare of the country , that some

      provisions ought to have been made " for dealing with mortgages , settlements , fines ,- or renewals , and other arrangements which had been made ou the faith of those declarations . ( Hear , hear . ) "I cant help , " said the hon . member , contrasting the way in which the manufacturing and trading interests have been treated when they have come before you as supplicants , with the treatment which the agriculturists have received and are receiving . Were tho manufacturers sneered at ? ( Cheers . ) Wore they laughed at and ridiculed as the agriculturists were for not understanding agricultural chemistry ? ( Hear , hear . ) Did not the honourable member for the "West Riding tell us the other night that all great discoverers ruined themselves , but

      that afterwards another generation arose who profited thereby ? So that his argument was thisthat tho present race of farmers should try experiments , fail , pass into the workhouse , and let a better lot succeed them . ( Great cheering . ) "Were the manufacturers ever taunted in this house with _, their ignorance ? Yet is it not notorious that no English manufacturer ever yet made ono single useful discovery in arts or science ? ( Cheers from the Protectionist benches . ) We have heard a good deal of the School of Manchester . ( Laughter . ) What has it ever produced that was scientific or useful ? Has it any name in chemistry to boast of ? Can it point to a Fourcroy ? ( Cheers and laughter . ) Can they quote any Manchester manufacturer who has written upon any scientific subject connected

      with his trade ? Why , sir , it is well known that they know no more of the chemical agents required for their own print works than the blocks they use . ( Great , laugh tor and cheers . ) _JTay , " , sir , did we not take pity upon their intense vulgarity — ( a laugh ) — when they confessed that nothing but the actual cheapness of their wares could find them , a market , and that there was not a person in Europe who would not prefer the more artistic taste and the more beautiful fabrics of the French , or indeed even of the Chinese manufacturer ( loud laughter drowning the remainder of the sentence , ) Yes , indeed it was so and in mercy we gave you a school of design ; but so little have you profited by it , that in the last report of that school it is stated that you

      draw just as badly as ever . ( Laughter ) Free trade had promoted some manufactures but destroyed others . It hud annihilated the farming trade , cut down half the value of timber . and . bark , and reduced the produce of all the laud in England from eighty shillings to forty shillings an acre _. The destruction of property on one side had surpassed its increase on another , and the whole system was ono of class legislation . The proposals of the Free Traders to remedy this were ridiculous . " When we ask you , " said Mr . Drummond , " what is to bo dono for the rural population ?"—you reply , " Oh , tako the tax off advertisements . " And why ? Because you want to be , puffed in the newspapers . ( Cheers and

      great laughter . ) . Do you ask that the tax should be taken off beer ? "So . "When a poor wet labourer—( a laugh)—yes , out of the 310 working days , about 250 are wet through —( shouts of laughter)—when a poor wot labourer comes cold and tired to his home , instead of a glass of ale , you give him a newspaper . ( Laughter . ) Oh , yes , this is your love for the poor . When the hon . member for the West Riding was recounting all that had been gained by free trade , ho exclaimed— " Seo how cheap preserved fruit is . " ( A laugh !) Preserved fruitone of the luxuries of what is called " genteel life . " In other words the manufacturers have got their sugar plums cheap . ( Laughter . ) I hold that every foreign trade employs foreign labourers and not

      British . I say that you ought to have a duty on everything which comes from a foreign country . ( Hear , hoar , and " Oh , oh . " ) . "Sot only that , but we intend to insist that we shall have a right to use our own barley as wo please—that the labourer shall have a right to pluck his hops from the hedge , and use them as he likes—and that the people of Ireland , Lincolnshire , and the cast of Yorkshire shall have a right to grow tobacco if they please . Until this be carried out , not a moment ' s peace will you have . ( Great laughter . ) You think that you have settled free trade . ( Hear , bear . ) Why , this is only the first skirmish ofthe battle . The struggle is to bo between capital and labour—it is to be between wealth and life . ( Hear , hear . ) You are tho

      advocates for money aiid capital , coiite qui coute ; but I say , and wo . say , thatthe labourer shall be allowed to exist . ( Great cheering from tho Protectionists , and ironical cheers from the Ministerial benches , j The Manchester school ha 3 mado a great discovery . As honourable gentlemen are possibly not well read in its publications , they may bo surprised to hear this passage from one of them— " We arc not an agricultural country . " Are we not , indeed ? Hero is a noser at the " outsofc . " If tho prosperity of England depended upon its agriculture the nation would be a mere nothing . It is our manufactures whicli gives us our wealth—our power—and em * population . " Observe , wealth put first : — " Si p ' ossis reetd—si non , quocunque modo rem . " Anything for money . Did tho manufacturers recommend us to submit to a national horse-whipping

      rather than thc risk of not selling their wares ? Did they not counsel us to allow any town on the coast from Plymouth , eastcrwardly , to be burnt , rather than go to the expense of keeping up a fleet to guard them . ( "Oh , oh , " cheers , and countercheers . ) I will support the motion of my honourable friend , * but it is nothing to what we . mean to have . ( Laughter . ) _WoVill have the Excise , to wliich I referred , done away with . Your old , cry of faith with the public creditor , has lost much of ita charn * . ( " Oh , oh , " laughter , and great confusion , in tl e midst of which the Speaker repeatedly called members to order . ) The hen . gentleman continued : OI * , it is of no use , sir , when you see hon . gentlonwn with white waistooats and brilliant eyos , your attempting to cont'd them , ( Great laughter , ) l » 5 _» t , aa I was ' say _iw' ths cry o igood faith with ths |

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), Feb. 23, 1850, page 7, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns3_23021850/page/7/