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Northern Star (1837-1852), 24th April 1847, Edition 3 of 3, Page 7, MONDAY, April 19. HOTJSE OP LORDS.—Some ...

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      Kmkwi$4. 1847. The Northern Star. 7

      _kmkwi $ 4 . 1847 . THE NORTHERN STAR . 7

      •Foreign Ieobrments

      • foreign _iEobrments

      Ind 1 •'And 1 W>H *"» At Leiut M Werds, ...

      ind 1 'And 1 w _> H _*"» at _leiut m _werds , s 3 ~ -. _£ B 3 ~ -t _ a _ ldiay chance so happen—deeds , ) Witi With all who war with Thought' . "

      T_I_-( Thin. 1 Hear A Little Bird, Wbo S...

      t _ i _ - ( thin . 1 hear a little bird , wbo _singa . peop ' _ie people _by-and-by will be the strongtr . "— Blion .

      0p1 Opening Of The Prussian Diet, Be <Th...

      0 P _1 OPENING OF THE PRUSSIAN DIET , Be < The opening of the _Prussian Diet was briefly _ o _ n __ onnced in oar last . The King ' s speech , delivered _cauwaanporc , is a very len _. thy afidir , occupying some reectree columns of the Time .. We give tbe substance . THE -ISO OU P & ESSI _. _' S _SfE-CU . Mast Elastrious noble Princes , Counts , and Lords , my dear isty < rasty order * of SuU . _s _, B _. _Tghvis , and C-Binvms , I bid _u _froiou from the deptli of mv heart welcome on tbe day a < _efttltkefttlfilmenf-fa great work of my farter , re-ting in > _J , _« od , _ mrto-tfur , ; o _*' en , King WUlUmIlI . of glorious

      _jmoraemory . , . Tbe Tbe noble edifice of representative freedom , on tue bt right mighty p illars which ibe King of blessed memory _ ltaM deep and - . sb _. _kab ! y in the peculiar _orgaaiza m o . on ot bis pr . _vincts , is to . ay perfected in your _assmibly . ha-lt ha- _received its pi ote _* _-ting roof . The _K' . ng wished to ire % are finished his work _hiuist-if , but his vi _* _-ws were shipre _fk _^ _r _rfked ia the utter _imwacticab- ' iy ol the plans laid ¦ fo _trbefott hira . Therefrom aro _? e evils wticb his clear eje ¦ tec . elected with _gri-f , and , btf . re all , the uncertainty hidwhich made m . ny a nobie soil susceptible of weeds . let 5 bl _« tt 5 bless , __« ev _. r , i-. da 5 the _co'isci _.-t ' _o- SU-ss ofthe trui _* _eluvbeluved King who _despised bis own _eailier triumph in _rdeiorder to guard his work from later ruin , and let us hooar near his memory , by not perilling tbe existtuee of hit omt completed work by the impatient _fasste of beginners _.

      Ai As the beir of aa anweahened crown , which I mas : j __ and will hand down unweakened to asy descendants , I ino' know tbat I am p-rf . ctJy free _fro-. n all and every ' pie . _ _. iritt fritb _respect to wb _. t has n it been _canietl out , and aboveill all with respect to tbat from the execution of wiiitb hi _» bw _' o owo true paurnal conscience preserved my _illa-trious _[ . rei _predecessor . This l _ w is , However , carried oat in all itt essi essential parts ; an edi . ee 01 justice bas been built upon it i jj oath * , bave beeu sworn on it , asd it bas , all _nnfinisbtd asi as ' ti- * , r __* _iiotaiued _itselt as a wise law for seven and tw « twenty years . Therefors _hnve 1 pre . c .-eded with a cheerful falbeaKiadeea , bnt with all the freedom of my kingly pi . _purgative , to its final completion . 1 am , however , tht irr irrecoucileable enemy of ail arbitrary proce _. diugs , a _ d tci mast havebtenaloe . abpvcaU , to tbe idea of _bringing to ; together an artificially arbitrary assembly of the crders _, wl which _ _.-. uid deprive tbe nobie creation of the King , i _ y Je Jear father , I mean tbe _provincial diets , of their value .

      I have rtc . _g & ised yoar claim to all tbe _rigifc- So wing it from that law , and far _bej «_ d—yes , far beyond —all tbe pi promises of the King of bit ( . -eel memory . I have granted _yj yoa , within certain necessary limits _. the right of g ranting ti taxes—a right , gen-emeu , tbe _responsibility 0 f which i weighs far mate heavil y tban the honour which , aceoui-4 paniesit . * # * _Uy trusty a _ d free ptop ' e have received all the laws _. which I and my father have granted them fo r the pro _, tection of their higher interest , _ani especiall y the laws « f the 3 rd of February , w * : h warm gratitude , and woe to * j _ n who sh . il dare to dash their thankfulness with care , ! or to taru it into ingratitude .

      Every Prussian knows tbat for iwcnty-fouryears past j _ l Jaws wbich concern Vis freedom an . property have been £ _r _* t discussed bj- the Order *; b _. t from this time _lorwATJ , let erery one in inj kingdom know * bat I , with tfcesole _ e .. _s ?_ r / t _. ception oi tbe occurrence e » f the 'shmity of war , will contract no state loan , levy no new taxes , nor increase exitung ones , without tht fret consent « f all orders . _TSoble Lor _^ s and trusty Orders—1 Vnow that witb tieserigJ _. tsI _eutrasta costly j ; wel of freedom toyf _* ur

      bin Is , and tbat jou will emp ' oy it faithfully . But I l . _Oit as certaiuly , that many will mistake and despise this jwe _. —that tomany it is not enough . A portion of the press , for _i-sttmte _, _eUva-nds on-. Tight from me and Bj _goverii-ietit a _revolation in church and _i-tate , and from yoa , _gen-r-ien , acts of _importunate _ingratitude , Of ii _*? ga . ity—nay , of _disobeeienro . Many also , and among ti em very worthy nun , look for our s . fety in the con . ttision ofthe natural relation I _etweea Prince and people j . lo a _conr-fl-ona" existence granted by charters and ratified by oaths .

      May , _however , the example ofthe one happy tonntry , n _. ote constitution centuries and an hereditary wisdom wit _ o _ t a parallel , but no sheets of paper , have made , tit be lost npon us , but find the respect wbich it deserves . If otber countries find their _happiness i _ another nay tbin tha * , people and ourselves , namely , ia the way of ' j _ a __ r * . ci _ re _ an 3 _gt _. nted * constitution ? , we must and uill praise their _happiness in an upright and brotherly ni .. nner . We will , with tbe ju-tesr admiration , confider tfce sublime example , wben a strong will of iron _conseej-: en-e aad high _jntelligenee sneceeds in delaying , in Blistering _, and _allaying every crisis of serious importance ; _atd , abort : all , when this tends to the welfare of Germany ... the _mainte-nance of the peace of Europe . But Prissia , gent ' _emtn—Prussia cannot bear sucb a state cf things . Po you ask , why f I answer , cast your eyes t she map of Europe—at t ? ie position of our

      countryat its component parts ; fo ' . _low the line of our borders ; weigh the power < . f our _neighbours ; throw , before ail , sn enlightened glance on our _history ! It has pleased Go . to make Prussia strong by t ' r . e sword of war from without , and by the sword of intellect from within;—nst , _fKely , ty the negative intellect of tbe age , but by the _spirit of moderatioa aud order . I 6 _peak out baldly , gf rtlemen . As in the camp , unless in cases ofthe most _orient _danger or grossest foll y , the _cosiinand can only its vrf ted in the will of one , so tan the destinies of this TO- _.-j , u _ * . _essitistota * l instantly from its height , only be _juided by one will ; ncd if the King of _Prnssia would ce __ nit an abomination , were he to demand from hii _solj-. _ts the subserviency ofa slave , so wonld he commit a _f-i greater abomination were he sot to _deraand from thtm the crowning urtueof freemen—I mean obedience fer tbe sake of God and conscience .

      * _* _* .. ! e tor _^ s and trusty Orders—I am forced to the solemn declaration that no power on earth will ever succeed : n moving me to change the _ aiur . l , and , in our own case , so imperatively necessary , relation between _, prince and _people , into something merely conventional _crtoos'itutioual , tbat , once for all , I will never suffers written sheet of paper to force itself in . as it were a second prorid-nce , between our Lord God _iaEeavenand this people , in order to rule us with ita paragraphs and to replace by them oar an-ient and time-hallowed traity reliance on each other . * * * The "Speech _^ next lauds the present condition ofl ' russia , the improvements in agriculture , _commerce , the arts and sciences , the purity of public justioe , freedom of conscience , state of the finances , formidable power ot the army and militia , tbe svra _*! cab ; e relations with foreign powers , < fec ., & e . The " Speech" then proof eh as follows : —

      _; _-forc all , one would think that the press must diffuse _gr _. _tttu _. e and _coatentnie-nt on all side * , for I venture to say that it is ibe press _tvli ' -h _, to a particalar extent . oweB _metbaii-s . >" ob ] e _ : _jr < * 3 and faithful States—I require >< .-i German hearts to grant roe those thanks . While reco _/ _nising ibe honourable endeavour to elevate the press by a nobl and c (> n « fientio 3 S . pirit , it is yet _unquest ' wnableth _. t ' n , a _partion of it a dark spirit of destruction prevails—i spirit that entices to revolution , a _ . i that dtal > in the mnst audacious falsehood , disgraceful to G _. r .. an fidelity , and Prussian honour . I know tbat the _genuine sense of the people remains firm , but we do not deceive ourselves as to the evil fruits ot the evil tree , whitn meet us in the shape of dissatisfaction and want

      of confidence , attended by still worse facts , . uch as open _disol * edience , secret conspiracy , a declared revolt from all nbich is sacred to good men . an attempted regicide _Eieb in our churches are seen those fruits , together with tht twofold death in indifference and fanaticism . Bat ecclesiastical _mattes do not belong to the State * . They have their legitimate organs in the two confessions . One confession 1 am on this day unable to _suppress , bearing in m ' nd the frightful attempt to defraud my people of its holiest jewel , its faith in tie Redeemer , Lord , and King of itt elf and of us all , Tbis avowal is as follows , llhre his Majesty arose , and spoke the words standing , and nith his right hand uplifted , ] ' I aad my house , we will serve the _L-ird . '

      . Fi smalt the indignities to which I and my Government hare fceeu _exposed for some years , I appeal to my people . From all evils which perhaps are still in reserve for me , 1 appeal beforehand to my people J ify people know my heart , my faith , and love to it , and adhere in love . nd faitt to me . Hy people does not wish the assoeUti _- n of representatives in the coverniBent , the weakening of rank , the division of _sovertigntv , the breaking up ofthe authority of its _kin-js _. who have founded its _bhtorv , its frtedom , its prosperity , and who alone can protect its dearest _acquaition—and will protect thtm , God willin _™ as heretofore . *"

      Your father- and mine—many princes of your race and of dine , and I myself—have fought for the preservation , the diliver __ ce , and the honour t * f that throne , an . ; for tht ? existence of our native ' and . God was with us There is now a new battle to be fought on behalf ot the _sameplorious _potsesikraf—a peaceful one indeed , bat its combats are not less important than those of tbe field ol _wr . And God will be with us yet again , for the battle is ¦ _gainst the evil tendencicc of the age . Your unanimity _withnie , the prompt expression of your wish to aid me in bsprgrin g the domain of rights ( that true field for the labour of kings j , will _, ___ ke thi ? Diet a pitched battle gained against every evil and lawless influence that troubles and _ditliouo-rs Germany , and tbe work will be to jour renown and tbat of the country , and the contentment and sadtfdction of the people .

      In my kingdom neither of the three orders above ranks or beneath the otber . They stand beside each other oa ' _«> 'quality of rights and honour , but each within its , _aiits , each with iu own province . This is a practicable * and reasonable equality ; this is freedom . ' * * # Voa are _(" erman Orders in tbe anciently received seEse o-tbe word—that is , you are truly aud before all " Ue- ' _presentaUves and defenders of your own rights "—the : Ji gbts cf those Orders whose co __ dt _ . e has sent here tlie ' _*!¦ jrrti . ter portion of tbis assembly . Bat aftertbat jou

      0p1 Opening Of The Prussian Diet, Be <Th...

      are toexercise those rights which the Crown _hasre . _cogn-tedasyouri , you have farther eonscie-ntioos y to give tbe Crown tbat advice it requires of yon . Finall y , yoa are free to bring petitions and _coropla * _ tB > _jf ter ma . ture deliberation , tothe foot of the tbron r . Those are the rights , those are the duties of the German orders ; this is your glorious vocation . But it is not your province "to represent opinions , " or bring opinions ofthe day or of this or of that school into practical operation . Tbatis wholly un-Ge-rman . and , beside , completely * _ _* ieiess tor thego _- doj the community , or it would lead necessarily to inextricable embarrassments with the Crotvn , which rouat govern _sccording to the law of Gort and the land , and its own free unbiassed resolution , but which cannot and dares not govern according to the will of the majority , if «« Prussia * _wou'd not soon become an _vtnpty sound iu Europe .

      I bere give jca my royal word that I should not have call , d you _ti- getaer had I had the smallest suspicion that you would otherwise understand your duties , or that you had any desire to play the _psitof what are called _represent itives of ths people . 1 should not have called you together for tbat purpose , because , according to my deepest _' and most heartfelt conviction , the throne and state would be endangered by it , and because I recognise it as my first duty , _ mltr all circumst _. nces and events to preserve the throne , the state , and my government as thty at present exist .

      Go , then , illustrious Princes , Counts , and Lords , dear and faithful orders of Nobles , Burghers and Commons , proceed with God's help to your task . You will , I am certain , in this moment , when all Europe is gazing on you , and through all the fu _* urelabours of the Diet , prove yourselves true Prussians ; and tbat one thing-, believe on * , will not be _abst-nt—namely , God ' s blessing , on which all tilings depend . Oat of our unanimity it will descend oa the _prt sent and future generations , and I hope on all oar _glorit _ s German fatherland , in one broad stream beside which we may dwell in peace and safety , as by the > _boresof tbe _blessing-biiuging rivers tbat water the c-rth . And now once more , and oat ofthe fulness of my heart , welcome !

      Cdtom'a! M& Tfovtisn

      _CDtom ' a ! m _& _tfovtisn

      Movements Of The Week. An Arrival From I...

      MOVEMENTS OF THE WEEK . An arrival from India brings intelligence of tbe death ofthe celebrated Akhbar Khan , the Wallace of _Afghanistan . "Whilst we lament the victims belonging to onr country _* vho , in their flight from _Caliul , fell under the blows of the avenging scimitar ot Akhbar , we must do the deceased chief the justice of acknowledging that his conduct was justified by British invasion , rapacity aud insult . We applaud the patriotic heroism of Abd-el-Kader and Schamyi-Dey , and we wiil not refuse the like tribute to " our enemy , " the last of the AfFghans .

      ! The french government has put to death three of the rioters concerned in the late famine-riots . Whf n the people get once more the upper hand of the hourgeoisie , and repay the worthy scoundrels r of tbe shop in their own coin , of course that will be very shocking 1 Jn Spain , the pew-born pop _. Jarenthusiasm for the Queen continues , but this enthusiasm will not he lasting unless Isabella ' s recent doings are speedily followed by acts conceived in the same spirit , hut of gr eater _jraportance . _,:

      In Portugal the provinces of _Algarve and 'Alemtejo are completely in the hands of the insurgents ; and wben tbe Conde de Mello has effected his junction with Sa da Dandeira , their forces will amount to 6 , 0 _'JO men , who will probably advance at once to the Tagus . The capital is in a frightful state of destitution and popular excitement . Already the Prussian Diet manifests signs of advancing beyond tbe bounds prescribed by tbe king in bis extraordinary oration at the openiug ' of the Diet . Prussia bas entered on a new path , and witb or without ber king , she must and will march onward . The Greek government having refused the satisfaction demanded Iv tbeSuUan forthe insult offered

      to bis ambassador at Athens , all diplomatic relations _between the Porte and Greece have been completely susuended .

      India. Death Of Akhbar Kuan. The Enc-Sh ...

      INDIA . DEATH OF AKHBAR KUAN . The _Enc-sh steamer Spitfire has arrived at Marseilles with despatches from Bombay , dated Hill { of March . Tbe most perfect tranquillity reigns in the Fu _. ijaub , and nothing _appears to presage new troubles . The people of the country ot Ilazereah hare been appeased . Discontent and troubles continue to _agitated tbe possessions of the Ntznm and the country of Goomsor . Akhbar " Kban _,. the son of Dost Mahomed Khan , is dead .

      CAPE OF GOOD HOPE . The St . Helena Gazette , ofthe 27 th of February _, furnishes the intelligence from tbe Cape of Good Hope to the 12 th ofthe same month , which confirms the announcement of the loss of Her Majesty ' s steamer Thunderbolt , off Algoa Bay . The new _govensor , Sir Henry Pottinger , was actively engaged in the administration of public affairs .

      WEST INDIES . The intelligence from the English colonies is generally favourable . Considerable sums continue to be voted by the colonial legislatures , or collected af public me _. 'tfngs , for the relief of Irish and Scotch distress , llayti continued tranquil . FRANCE . Tnr _Bi-XAPARriST-. —In theCiiamber _. on Saturday afternoon , a petition was presented demanding the recal of the surviving mem _b ers of the family of Napoleon to France , and to place the image of the Emperor on tbe Cross of tbe _Lcaion of Honour . Also to change the name of the town of Bourbon-Vend . _s to Napoleon-Vendee . A violent debate ; ensued . The first part , for the rccal of the imperial family ,

      was lost only by a small majority . Ihe other parts ofthe petition were referred to the President of tbe Council . These motions were strongly opposed by the ministers . Ktvt _-ciion-ar _. App eals . —A few evenings ago , about eight o ' clock , tbe Place du Carrousel was covered with innumerable small ronnd pieces of paper , about the _sjz j ofa five-franc piece , on which were printed various seditious sentences . Among them were the two following : — " Let os burn and destroy until we obtain a just partition of the lands and their fruits ! " "The _inhabitantSj on Monday even ' tnss , at eight o ' clock , will be instructed , at tbe Porte St Denis , as to the means of procuring their rightful existence . " These papers were quickly gathered up by the agents of the police .

      Some riotous scenes took place at the College de France on Monday . M . Quinet having been pre vented by tbe Minister ot Public Instruction from continuing his lectures on southern literature , had presented M . Damas _llinart * _w hia substitute . But the pupils , with whom Af . Qninet is of _course a great favourite , clamorously interrupted M . Damas llinart , and compelled him to retire . _Esecctio . v of _RiorEns . —Tbe three men sentenced to deatb lor tbe riot and murder at _Buzangai . were executed in tbat town on the lCih . About 2 , 000 spectators were present , and all behaved with great prop riety . There was a large milit _ ry force at band , and the shops were all closed * , but there was no attempt at disturbance . SPAIN .

      Roy __ PoruLABiir . —P _. buc _Exc-mMEX-. —aianmn , April 12 . —The enthusiasm in lavour ofthe _<" , ueen is becoming every day more intense . It yesterday _assumed a character of almost frenetic rejoicing . An immense multitude lined the streets leading from the palace to the Puerta del Sol and all along to tbe fountain of Cybele , at the entrance of the Prado . About a quarter to six the light and simple carriage of tbe Koyal person was descried in the distance , approaching the Puerta M Sol . At once an immense shout arose ; it passed on to the Puerta de ) Sol , was borne aloft to tbe height of tbe _Alcala , was continued to the Prado , and only terminated to be taken up again at tbe gates of Alcala and Atocba . Wuen tbe Queen approached tbe space opposite to

      ; the _Post-oibce , the crowd was bo wedged together , tbat thc Royal carriage bad to stop several times , and : though the space between it and the entrance to the i Calle Alcala can be traversed in one or two minutes , S more than a quarter of aa hour elapsed before a ; passage could he effected . Tbe shouts of " Viva 1 nuestra Reina ! Viva nuestra amada Rcina ! Viva i la Reina constitutional ! " from at least . 0 , 000 Tajces , greeted the delighted young lady , from whose eyt _. _Jthe tears started as she proceeded slowly towards the _? rado .

      As ehe approached the fountain of Cybele , at the eutn » n ce of the 1 'iado , about a dozen persons advanced towards the Royal carriage . Tbey were a deputation , and their leader bore in his bands a tray , on which fas laid a crown of Bowers , for presentation to the _^ . ueen . Tbe carriage stopped ; the multitude opene" * d a passage , and the deputation , iu obedience to a si ' ? n itroni Uer Majesty , advanced . The lender a _. dre . _'se-l the Queen nearly as follows : — " Lady , your p * MP * e , lover , of liberty , and idolatrous of their liberal _£ nd constitutional Queen , and of their national _independence , present tbis humble testimonial of tbi _> ir attachment . to yonr Royal person . Deign to ace . « jpt it , and to bold inremembrance the people that we / come your Majesty with the enthusiasm of their _pearls . " The shouts were renewed as eoon as the- bnet address was concluded . * ' Vjya nuestra Reina * , ' Vm la Reina cocfstitu-

      India. Death Of Akhbar Kuan. The Enc-Sh ...

      cional ! Fuera los _Afrancesados ! Viva la _Independence nacKHM-1 " " Long live our constitutional Quern . ' Down with the Afrancesados ! Long live our independence !" The Queen took the crown of flowers , and said , " Yes , yes , I am a Spaniard , *—a Spaniard ( laying much emphasis on the word ) . I know that my people love me ; and I ( raisin .. * her voice ) lave my people—tbe Spanish people ! " At the same moment a number of pigeons were let fly , their throats adorned with ribbons of the national colours , and printed on them , "Independencia nacional—Espana —* Ia Rcina libre _, Viva la Reina !" One of t he birds took refuge in the lap of the Queen ; she caressed it , and handed it to her uncle , Dan Francisco de Paula . Various others also alighted in the carriage , which she handed to her attendants .

      It wa- ; nightfall when the Queen returned to the palace . The same greetings awiv ted her , but interrupted , it appears , by some disagreeable circumstances . Under shelter of the darkness a few cries ofa less fr . ' _eadly kind were heard amidst the uproar of voices in fhe Calle Mayor . The cries , J am assured , were , " Vivala Reina Absolut 11 " " Viva h _, Milicia Nacional _\ " " Viva Espartero ! " The civic guards caused some confusion by striking with their 6 abres at the groups whence the voices were supposed to issue . No otber disturbance occurred . On the evening of Sunday two individuals were arrested : _Avireleta , who was sent under an escort to a prison ia Alicant , and Chico , late minister of police , who was sent to a prism in Almcria . A proclamation

      was is-ued by the Minister of Grace and Justice , on the evening of Sunday , announcing regulations for the repression of similar proceedings- M . Olozica arrived at Madrid on the evening ofthe 11 th . The proceedings of Sunday appeared to give thc Queen no alarm or uneasiness on her own account , as she continued to appear at the theatres and _bul ' _-fi _^ hts as before , and was everywhere _recviveil witb the tame enthusiasm . Madrid , April 14—The Queen drove last night to the Prado withoutescorl or attendance , except an outrider , and two or three servants on horseback , driving her own phaeton , and accompanied only by her cousin and uncle . M- 01 iz . i » o has taken the oaths and his seat in the chamber .

      GERMANY . Tne Prussian Diet . —It is said that the following _proj-c _* - . of kw will te _iinracdiAtely presented to the Assembly : — 1 A l _ w to regulate the civil condition of the J _< ws . 2 Akw io abolish theduties on millers and butchers , _snd the personal taxes , which will be replace , by a . ystem of taxation lik _< the income tax in England , the revenue below 300 dollars wiU be exempt , _butitidiiiduals coining _undtr this class will remain subject to a personal tax . 3 . A law on bills of exchange , 4 . The re-o-gan _' zaiion of tbe patrimonial tribunals , and not tbeir abolition , as has been announced , 5 . A pioj _= ct for the _conntrni-tioa of the _govetntccnt _railway to K . r . ipsberg _, the _txpense of which will amount to _SIOUO _^ OOO ol dollars , of which 20 , 000 , 000 will be _borrowed .

      Accounts from Berlin of tbo 15 : h instant , state that u .. on that day the States-General met , when the draft of rhe address of the Assembl y , in answer to tlie king ' s speech from tho throne , was read , and the debate upon it at once commenced . A letter bearing date the 10 th , states that the literal opposition have succeeded by an ovenvhelming majority in carrying an amendment to the effect that the •* pa . ent" of February 3 rd was not , in any way . consistent with former law 9 , particularl y that of 1 S 20 ( relating to the rights and privileges of tbe starts ) , and that a petition should be presented to Iiis M yesty , at a later period , praying him to make concessions more in accordance with the representative system . ITALY . Tbe Journal des Hebats has the following from Rome , dated the Sth of April - _¦¦

      Addresses are coming iu from all quarters , demanding the institution of civic guards , tbo re-organization of tbe communal and provincial councils , and the formation ofa Council of State , consisting of laymen . The Pope and Cardinal Gizzi would , as it is said , be disposed to comply with thtse demands , but they would encounter great resistance on the part ofthe Austrian government .

      POLAND . Letters from Warsaw , received at Berlin , confirm the news of the expected arrival ofthe Emperor of Russia in tbat capital on the 10 th or lltb of this month . RUSSIA . St Petersbvhg , April 6 . —The emperor is not yet _atile to leave his apartments in the winter palace . He is suffering from a liver complaint . SERVIA .. Grcat Fire at BuciunEsr About noon on the _ * . h instant , a fire broke out in a narrow street , the houses in which were chiefly built of wood . A violent wind was raging at the time , and the flames were driven about in all directions . The Austriau OUerver of the 13 th states that one-fourth of the town was destroyed . Another account gives 3 , 000 as the number of houses wbich were burned . _Alany lives were lost .

      ALGERIA . _Capicre of Bou-Maza —News received at Paris by courier , announces tlie _capture of _Bou-Mazi . It was tbis famous scheriff who , in 1845 , caused the revolt in tbe Dalvra , which soon spread over the whole of Algeria . It is said the captured chief will be sent to Paris .

      Aristocratic A*Ui*Se*.I£.\"R _ Of Ihe Au...

      Aristocratic A _* ui * sE * . i £ . \ "r _ of ihe _AusTRt . xs . — A letter from _^ Vienna ofthe 1 st , in the Gazette des Tribunaux , gives the following curious story : —A few days back a man in _raes and exceedingly dirty , entered tbe Cafe * of the Golden Lamb of this city , and called for a bowl oi punch . The waiter brought it to hira , and , in laying it on the table , demanded the price . The man pulled out some pieces of _copp- * - money , not amounting to a fourth part of the cost of the punch , and tendered them in payment . The waiter finding tbe sum insufficient , wa-. about to take the punch away , when tho man suddenly exclaimed , as if recollecting something , " Oh , I have got some money—more than is wanted ! " and , stooping down , he drew a 1 , 000 florin note t 2 . 400 f ' c . ) from his boot ,

      and gavo it to the waiter . The latter , in great surprise , took tbe note to bis master , who thinking , from the man ' s wretched appearance , that it must have been stolen , sent for the police . The man meanwhile became impatient , and at last finding the change wa * i not forthcoming , advanced to the counter , and said , " II you have not sufficient money at present , it ' s no matter—I shall come back for it tomorrow . " At the same time he made a dart towards the door , as if to make his escape . The people of the cafe rushed forward and , seizing him , detained bim there until a police agent arrived witb three soldiers , who took hira off to the chief police office ; On arriving there tbe agent perceived four _fashionable-i who cried out on seeinethe prisoner , — " Well , you have won the wager ; her . '* - your money . " At the same time handing over a quantity of gold . Thev

      then explained that the person in custody was neither a vagabond nor a thief , but Co unt de _Siedlaezecke only son of one of the most wealthy ll « ii « arian nobles in Vienna , -who bad betted that be should get himself arrested hy thu police wituout committing any illegal act . " If that be the case , gentlemen , " said the agent , "my prisoner has not won his wager , for he has been guilty of an offence which our laws punish severely—of having sought by means of disguise to lead the public authorities into error . " M . de Sied * ac _.-ck -was then taken before tbe head of the police , who ordered him to be set at liberty _provisionally , until proceeded against before the Criminal Tribunal . This affair has caused a considerable sensation here in the fashionable circles . Thc count has rendered himself liabe to three months ' imprisonment , and a small fine .

      _PL-i-imss of War—Scese after the Battle of Fcentes d _' Oxore : —I wason my return to the army , when my attention was arrested by an extraordinary degree of bustle , and a kind of half-stifled moaning , in the yard of a < 7 t (' Hf „ , or nobleman ' s house . I looked through the grating , and saw about two hundred wounded soldiers waiting to have their limbs amputated , while others were arriving every moment . It would be difficult to convey an idea of the frightful appearance of these men ; they had been wounded on the oth , and this was on the 7 th ; tbeir limbs were swollen to an enormous size . Some were sitting upright against a wall under the shade of cbesnut trees ; and many of these were wounded in the head as well as the limbs . The ghastly

      countenance of these poor fellows presented a dismal sight . The streams of g ore , which had trickled down their cheeks , were quite hardened witb tbe sun , and gave their face a glazed and copper-coloured hue—their eves were sunk and fixed , and what between the effects ofthe sun , and exhaustion , and despair , they resembled more a group of bronze figures than anything human—there they sat , silent and statue like , waiting for tbeir turn to be carried to tbe amputating tables . At the other aide of the yard lay several whose state was hel p less for them to sit up ; a feeble cry from tbem occasionally to those who were passing , for a drink of water , was all they uttered . " A little farther on , in an inner court , wero the surgeons . They were stripped to their shirts and bloody ;—curiosity led me forward ; a number of doors placed

      on barrels served as temporary tables , and on these lay the different subjects upon whom the surgeons were operating , * to the right and left were arms and legs , flung here and there , without distinction , and the ground was dyed with blood . Doctor Bell was going to take off the thigh of a soldier of the _ _* 0 t _ i , and he requested I would hold down the man for him ; he was one of the best hearted men J ever met with , but , such is the force of habit , he seemed insensible to the scene that was passing around him , and with much composure was eating almonds out J » h J- if _^ _* -V i . _u ' _* . _^ offered to share with me , but if I got the universe for it 1 could not bave swallowed a morsel of anything The _oneratS upon the man of the 50 th , Vasthe most shock _., sight I ever _witaessed ; _itlasted _nearffhalfanK butbis his Jm m _& -Mmtm * of the Connaught

      Kropmai ^Atitanm«U

      _Kropmai _^ _atitanm « _u

      Monday, April 19. Hotjse Op Lords.—Some ...

      MONDAY , April 19 . HOTJSE OP LORDS . —Some conversation took place between Lora Brougham , the _Ma-quis of _Lansdowne and other peers on the Education Scheme on the prescntation of petitions relative to that measure . Pooa Relief ( _Ibe . ahd ) Bin , . — The Landed P . _otertv ( IRE _.. BD ) Bu .. —The Mnrq _ i « of Lansdowne . in moving the first reailiog of these bills , said that they were two mo ; t important measures—one for the better _r'gulaiioa of the relief of the poor in Ireland , and the other for giving greater facilities to proprietors in the improvement of their land . They had not , strictly speaking , any connexion , bat yet tbey hail a certain relation to each other , and he thou « ht it would be most convenient to their lordsliips if they were moved on the same day . lie should , therefore , more the seconl readings on Thursday se _' nnight .

      Execution or Catbebine Foster . —The Marquis of _WEsrMEiTn then called the attentiou of her M _* jesty _' . « government to the unskilful and unnecessarily painful manner in which this unfortunate culpr ' t was bung at Bury St . _Elmmd ' _j for poisoning her husband . It appeared by the accounts whicli hnd appeared in the newspapers thnt 10 , 000 persons weri'pre ; entat the execution , which was conducted in auch a manner as that the sufferings ofthe unfortunate creature were prolonged for a very _considerable spice of time , and the assemb _' y wns so struck ODd horrified thereby that they called out , " _Slisme , shame-murder , murder . " Now be was one of those who contended that punishment by death ought not to be erased from tho statute-book but he did not think th . it there was a being in England who wo . _U say hat the * extreme sentence ofthe law should he carried out in such a manner as to inflict more than the necessary amount of punishment upon those who had

      forfeited their lives in consequence of their crimes . Some tiwie e _ _a *¦ sbnllarlj _horr ' . fyittg case to that which had just happened at Bury St Edmund - took place inthe town ol Sligo , where , in consequence of ihe _breaking of the rope , the man who waB nbout to be hanged fell inte the street nnderneath tho _gollows , whereby hislee's and libs were broken , and in that state he was again raised to the gallows and executed . The 'ente-ice had to be carried out—there was no remedy for it . Bat he _ahould l'ks to know whether , when a case almost as bsd oc .-urr d in the very heart of this ki-gdoro , almost under _tbrix . own _ejes , it was not the duty oi the government to take ihe neDes *_ ry precautions to prevent the recurrence of sucli horrifying scenes . He should like to know why the government did not sanction the use of the garot in such cases . It was used in Germany , where the outrageous scenes ol which he complained never took place .

      The Marquis of Lansdowne replied that the only _acjiunt which he hud seen of the recent execution at Bury St Edrau _. d ' a was that which app _*> nreu in the newspapers . He had no doubt but that the right hon . baronet who was connected . with that department to which such matters belonged would cause a very careful inquiry to be made into all the _circumstance-s . He ( the Marquis of _Linsdownc ) entirely agreed with his noble frieHd that whilst it was indi < pt _ sable to retain in this country the punishment of death for _certaiD _aggravnted crimes , tbat necessity only made it the more important that that punishment when inflicted should be inflice . _' ! nith all the solemnity , all the care , and all the attention which public justice required . The Marine Mutiny Bill , the Indemr . ity Bill , nnd the Mutiny Bill severally passed through committee . Thvlr _-or-ships then adjourned .

      HOUSE OP COMMONS After the disposal ofthe private business / an extraordinary number of petitions against the scheme of education set forth inthe minutes of the Council of Education were presented ; likewise a ( treat many in favour of that scheme . The Boot was literally covered with these petitions ; To questions put by Sir B . Hilt , Lord Jons Rdssei .. explained the result ofa communication which had passed between the government and tbe JVes ' eyan body , through the instrumentality of Lord Ashley . The result of the explanations given to the questions put on behalf of the . _Wtsleysn body was that the government did not consider that persons wbo had _eceleslasical functions would be eligible to the office of

      _pupil-teachers ; that the authorised version of the Scrip _, tures would be required to be \ wed in all the schools ; that persons approved of hy tie Weslejan body might , U approved by the government , be made inspectors of VeBley _. Tif .-ools * and that of the grant proposed for this year no portion was intended to be granted to schools exclusively Roman Catholic . Whenever the question of the Roman Catbol'C schools might be brought before thc government , and when the Roman Catholic prelates and clergy should espress their views , then tliegovernment would consider that difficult subject ; and if any plan could be devised in respect ; to Roman C . itholic schools , new minutes would be framed and a grant would be proposed , either in supplementary miscellaneous estimates this year , or be postponed to the

      next jear . ' E _ ec _ TioN—Tee Gove-nm- _* _-. Pt . _ _t- . — . he-fobta Lord having given this explanation , moved the order of the day for going 5 n _* o committee of supply on the educa . tion grant ; and in doing so proceeded to explain thc scheme which the government had in view in demanding a grant of £ 100 , 000 for the purposes of education . He commenced his statement by commenting , in terms of considerable severity , upon the conduct of those -nhobad been guilty of gross exaggerations in tbe statements which they had put forth in reference to the views and intentions of the government , and who had attempted to _ovtrawe the hou 3 e by summoning many of its members to their meetings , and endeavouring to coerce them into giving votes in opposition to the government scheme , on

      pain of loring their seats in parh . t _ . _ t at ths approaching general election . He tben proceeded to answer the objection which had been urged against the scheme by some ofits opponents—based upon thc alleged unconstitutionality ofthe grant for education , aad of the board by whioh it was administered ; after which ho briefly surveyed the progress of state education in this country , adverting to thc increase which had f _* _-om time to timo been effected in tbe annual grant for that purpose , until last year it reached the sum of £ 100 , 000 . It had long been his opinion that thoy could never efficiently promote the interests of education in this country until they improved the prospects of the schoolmaster : It was necessary to do tbis in order to ensure tbe services of men of talent and ability in thc business of teaching , there being ,

      as he believed , no profession of more importance than that of training the minds of . the youth of tbe woiking classes ofthe country . In improving the condition and character ofthe schoolmaster , it was necessary to keep Jn view another proposition , with respect to which no grant was proposed to be made this year , but with respect to which there might , in future years , be some expenditure , viz ,, that of granting pensions to such retiring schoolmasters as were worn out with tbe business of teaching , _-tmongst the objections which went to thc whole foundation of tbo grant was this , that it was altogether a mistake for the state to give any assistance for the support of education . This objection would e < _-ua ! Jy apply to the Regimn Donum in Ireland , and to the support given to ministers of religion In Scotland , as well as

      to eve-y other grant made by the state for religious as well as secular instruction . He did not wish on that occasion to enter upon tbe large question wliich was raised by this objection , but would content himself with saying , that whilst it was ihe business of the state to imprison offenders , —to transport , und sometimes capitally to punish them , be could not assent to tbe proposition tbat it had nothing to do with the prevention of crime , or with the education and enlightenment e _. f the people . Another objection to tbe scliemo was based upon the assumption that there was no necessity for the state to interfere , that voluntary efforts were sufficient to meet tbe educational exigencies ot the country , and that the people of England were already sufficiently supplied with the means of education . He wished he could agree

      with those who urged this objection , hut it wa * scarcely necessary to refer to statistics to ' prove its unsoundness and fallacy . The noble lord theii _referred to some prison returns , to show the untenable nature of such an objection , and staled that it appeared to fliui to be a " shocking thing" that whilst they did give instruction they did not give it , in many cases , until the parties receiving it had become implicated in crime . Such was the instruction communicated in our prisons . A rev . divine , while attending one of the meetings held in London in opposition to the scheme , was asked by some one in the body of the meeting , if "a guide-post was not better at thc beginning of a man ' s life than a gibbet at the end of ii . " The reply , he admitted , was quick , but not correct . " What , " said tlie reverend gentleman , * ' if

      the guide-post lead to the gibbet 1 " But uo one had a right to regard the scheme of education now propounded by the government as such a guide-post as was here in . dicated . Another argument urged by souie of the opponents of tbe scheme was , that there were in every great community large masses of the population steeped in vice and crime , whem it was impossible to _reach or to reform- He could Bot consent to the proposition , and had erery reason to believe tbat a well considered scheme of education , if it would not reach all , would favourably influence some portion of tho unfortunate classes alluded to . The noble lord tben , after expressing his regret that efforts had not been made at the _commencemcut of the century to _re-unite in the same schools the various classes of churchmen and dissenters , ad .

      verted to the more specific objections to the scheme , some of which he admitted to be of a formidable _clia . racier , but the majority of wbich he proceeded to refute . There was no question now as te the church undertaking the education of tbe whole poople , or of the church arrogating to itself that thepeople should be educated according to the established reli gion of the state . All that was now intended was , that in schools _belonging to the Church of England the liturgy should be taught , but that in _scli'iols belonging to dissenters tiiere should be no such requirement . Tliis was not a system of compulsion , but of religious liberty , and one with whicli the

      dissenters should feci satisfied , If under the proposed scheme a larger sum should go to the church than to the other schools , that would make no diff _. rence as to priuci pie , but merely as to amount . ne a _- , t see why the dissenters should refuse to partake of tbo grant , on the ground that a pomon of the money was to be given to tho Church of England schools . This was not a system ot state education , but a system which merely came in aid of voluntary ift _. _vts * bihalf of education . It waB merely intended to aid existing schools , without _impo . sing any terms upon the schools which were not in perfect conformity with the rules and regulations which thefotto _. ei _. and managers of those schools had already

      Monday, April 19. Hotjse Op Lords.—Some ...

      established . He could not agree with those who held that it would have been betttr if the state had cotfined itself solel y to the promotion of secular education . Nor did the government intend to make the schoolmaster 8 state officer , whose business it would be to attend to tbe secular Instruction of bis pupils , but who should have no concern _whatever in their _religious education . He _maintained tbat the state would be negligent of the greater half of its duty if Jt entirely disregarded the religious instruction of the youth of the country , M . ny would construe the entire disregard of religion in schools , into the presence of irreiigion , and object to them on that account . If what the government _propt _sed was founded upon what was already established— if it was impossible to propose any other scheme whicli would enable

      fiom to earry into _prnotical effect any great system of education , and if , as was _. _rgt _. by Dr Vaughan an . others , it was useless to propose such a scheme , because it was sure to fail—the question which be had to ask the house was , whether it was now prepared to go with the government , and to grant the sum of money demanded to ba disposed of according to the minutes of council , cr whether it was disposed to refuse that grant and eren to go the length of sustaining Mr Duncombe , and pasting a vote of censure upon the government for even proposing such a grant . Whatever application the government might deem it their duty hereafter to make fur a grant in favour of Roman Catholic schools , it was not intended to extend any part of the £ 100 , 000 to these sch- > la . K uid should hereafter be given te Roman Catholic schools ,

      the greatest eaution should be exercised in extending thera such aid . It would not do for the government to step forward to the support of monastic Be : hoolB , or such as ora connected with monasteries in this country . Ofthe half-million which had been expended within the last few years for the purposes of education , not one shilling , he believed , hud been given to _pureiv Roman Catholi c schools ; and with regard to the £ 100 , 000 wliich was now demanded , whatever might be hereafter done in favour of tbe _Rumin Catholics , it did not appear desirable to throw an additional stumbling-block in the way ofthe proposed Government schome , by departing , with respect to that grant , from the existing minutes of council . To regard the proposed scheme as one , tending to the increase of Government patronage , was as mucb

      to give way to idle apprehensions , v It waB erroneous to bran- " it as an uncoBBti utional interference with the legitimate functions of Parliament . The Government did nit seek to promote or encourage any rule whereby the children of dissenting parents were not to be allowed to go to the church schools , unless they submitted to learn the cato / nism and to attend the church on Sunday . _UJ did not believe that the church itself _gni'ied nny _advantftge from tuch a rule . The role of the Wcslcyan body ia this respect was a much wiser and _morec' . iaritabl _. one , and did not tend to the diminution if thtir numbers or influence . The noble lord thus concluded : —For my P'irt , seeing that tho evil is so great , I am not disposed to wait until I have got a more general and more perfect scheme , I am disposed rather to feel my way—to

      proceed ns we have , until at length we may find that there is some general scheme in favour of which the groat mas . * ofthe intelligent opinion in this country will unite ; and then I should be most happy to see embodied ia an act the ptovi » io _ s which met with such concurrence . In tbe mean time we ask you for these means , inadequate as thoy are . with the view of dispelling that ignoranee wbich Dr Vaughan has adverted to , and of promoting religion and virtue among the great mass of our population . ( Hear , hear . ) We ask you to do so , well aware of the opposition which this scheme has met with;—well aware that it would have heen far easier for us to have shrunk from this task , and not to have asked the house to grant anything more than the millions On millions expended in the maintenance of tbe military means of this country . It would have been easier for the Ministers to have agreed , and said , — " Let u ? have additional millions for our army , our navy , nnd

      ord _. nnce , but let ub not asli for a _siHgle farthing for thc purposes of education . " This would have been easier for us to have done , but this would aot be consistent with the duty wbich we feel presses on us to improve , as far as In us lies , tbo school teaching in this country , and to assist , as faras in os lies , in giving a knowledge of religion and virtue to many of the uninstructed multitudes in the country ; and be tbe opposition wbich wo meet with what it may—bowever formidable it may be at this moment ( and I lament to see it in such a cause withdrawing from us the aid and support of many who through good report and through evil report have sup ported our political _coari-e , )—yet , be this disadvantage what it may , it will , nevertheless , be a _eonsjlatiou t > me that I have made an attempt to diminish the empire nf ignorance , and to raise thepeople of this country in the scale of religion and virtue among the nations ofthe globe . ( Loud cheers . )

      Mr T , _Doncorbe said that he never recellected a Prime Minister of this coontry to _ ke notice ef an individual member , particularly one so humble as himself ( Mr Duncombe ) , by _condescending te argue upon and endeavouring lo prejudice in the mind of tbe house a motion given notice of , but not yet _brought On . The noble 1 rd might characterise his ( Mr Buncombe ' s ) apprehensions as Idle , but he _balieved his apprehensions were participated in by thousands and millions of his fellow-countrymen . The noble lord might if he chose call his ( Mr Duneombe ' s ) motion a censure on the government , or a vote of want of confidence in the Committeo of the Privy Council , a __ d he admitted that he had no confidence in that committee with respect to tho scheme of education . Whatever _mightbe the f . _ite ofthe

      mo tion ho was about to submit to the house however the great question _involve-d might suffer in his hands , he was confident that if that motion failed , it would not fail _bet-buse there was anything unreasonable in it , or inconsistent witb _Pai-ame-tary visage and the practice of the house . If it failed , it would be in consequence of the inability of any individual or indepmdent member of the house to cope with that ministerial influence which he knew had been , and was to be , brought against his humble motion ; and also in consequence of the difficulties ho should hove to contend with arising from those _underst-Tidiogs , if not actual and absolute compacts , made with members of the established church and some portions of the dissenting community—compacts and understandings which he would say wero most disgraceful to

      those who mode them—those , for instance , wb _. called themselves her Majesty ' s liberal ministers , in tha face of their former opinions and avowed principles . If he failed , however , in his motion , his consolation would , at all events , be tbat he had tbe support and good wishes of a grcat portion of _hisfellow . eountrjmen . This he believed , because since be had given notice of his motion he had received communications from all parts of thc country in reference to ( it , asking him to uerseveve with his molion , and stating , also , tbat that house would _neglect Its duty and betray its trust if it did not grant some inquiry , or at all events , some information , beyond what had been given by the noble lord , before voting away any portion of the public mo . iey . These communications also expressed regret that be bad not given

      notice of his motion ear Her . Ills excuse tor not doing so was that he had waited uutil the hist moment , in order to see whether any other member of greater _influence would not give notice of probably a better motion , with the view of meeting the proposal of her Majesty's ministers . He had been told both by churchmen and dissenters that , if longer notice had been given of his motion , they would have afforded it every suppoi tby ihe means of petitions . If he had entirely abstained from giving notice of his motion , probably only one discussion would have taken place before that house was called on to give v . _lieHty , through the medium oi the people ' s taxes , to nn educational schome which , _nottvithstaneliug all that had fallen from the noble lord , _hs was prepared to maintain was _dangorous to civil and religious liberty and calculated

      to increase thc power of the Crown , —which invaded and superseded the functions of Parliament , and was unjust to that portion of the community which would be compelled to contribute towards its maintenance , but would derive no benefi t from its establishment . Moreover , it whs a scheme which would not attain the objects sought to be accomplished , while it would carry discord and dissension into every locality where it was intruded . The noble lord intimated that intimidation had been _tiscel to overawe members , and prevent them doing their du ' y on this question . He slmuld like to know what couvse hod been tike , on tbe otber side to get up ademonstration in favour of this " echeme ? There was a central committee for supporting that plan silting in Gordon square , circulating in every district of the coun .

      try forms of petition in its favour , drawn up after a pattern suggested by Dr Kaye Shuttleworth , and imploring the clergy after they bad got these petitions properly signed , to send them , postpaid , cither to Lord Ashley or to Lord J . Ilussell . Although , _hoiveter , there were more than 10 , 000 parishes In England and Wales , not more than fifty or sixty petitions had as jet been presented after this extraordinary canvass to procure them ; and it gave Uim sincere pleasure to know that this scheme was beginning to excito dissatisfaction even among the clergy of thc established church itself . He had himself received a petition from fourteen clergymen of tho diocese of York denouncing it as dangerous and pernicious in the extr « me , and a letter along with it , wishing him good speed in his efforts to defeat it . After showing , by

      reference to speeches and otber documents , the gross inconsistency of Mr Maeaulcy , Lord Morpeth , and other members of the ministry , Mr Dunconibe proceeded to censure Lord J . Russell very severely for his determination to exclude tbe children ot Roman Catholics , whorequired gratuitous education as well us those of any other class of Christians in the country , from the advantages of tbisj scheme , if there were any in it , Who would have expected such a scheme as the present from men who always professed so muc h _regard for the right of thc Roman Catholics to an equal share in the politic al and civil privileges of tlieir countrymen ? Would the _ministers have dared to retain this exclusion of ' the Roman Catholics if Mr O'Connell had been in his place ? ( Hear , hear . ) But as it was , until he ( Mr T . Buncombe ) saw

      it , he would not believe that it would be left to , the fro . testant membcrsof the house to fight the battle of Roman Catholic equality , and that the right hou . gentleman the member for Dungai _' von ( Mr Shiel ) , ami others , would go into the same lobby with ministers iu order to create this " ' imv disability , " and fix this stain and reproach upon those belonging to the same faith with themselves , instead of standing up for equal justice for them , and _resisting their being taxed for the support of an establishment in which , on account of their religious opinions , they were not to participate . ( Hear , hear . ) If such hon . and right hon . gentlemen should cast that reproach upon tbeir own religion , or should adopt the more cowardly course of running awny and flyiBg from the battle , there might still bo a sufficient number who would rtfuse to ' vote a shilling of thc public . money until all

      Monday, April 19. Hotjse Op Lords.—Some ...

      who contributed to it sbould share equally in the d'ttr _* . ' * button of the grant . ( Hear . ) The noble lore" ( Lord jr . Russell ) allowed that there were objections 'f great fore which might be made , but perhaps he wi _. _s not awor * how serious some of tbem were . The noble lord ha * not said _anything as to the probable cost of this scheme Could any gentleman in that bouse say , wiihin ha'f a _mtllio- of money , what would be the annual cost ten rears hence ? fMr J . Colmtt- " Id . a head . " ] It was £ 100 , 000 this year . Ministers had laid tbe foundation of a scheme which , according tothe _circulations of others , would ere long cost somewhere ? abont £ 2 , 000 , 000 anmially . He objected to the unconstitutional character of this committee of Privy Council . There was nothing in tbe manner in which the minutes had been . aid _befu « It

      tho Bouse of Lords to give confidence to tho country . was then stated in the House of Lords ( interruption ) woll . then , it was stated in another plsee , perhaps the Privy Council , that the Privy Council might lay those minutes on the table without any prefatory remarks _. see . in that they did notcontain anything which « quired Mie -auction of the House of Lords , or even of the Ilouse of Commons . Such war , th . * view of tha President of the Privy Council , who simply said , "Take our minutes , read them , digest them if you can , All you hnve to do is to carry them out . Read them , pay your money , and be grateful . " ( Laughter . ) The scheme was objectionable not only on account of th « annnal cost and its inefficiency ior its object , but because it would increase the power of the Crown and the patronage of tbo government . On thc 25 th of August the general _minun-s were agreed

      upon ; and the President of the Council re quired four months to produce another set of minutes , regulating the _edusatvm of pupil teachers and stipendiary monitors . Apart from this unconsti _t utional character , he believed there never had been such a piece of quackery as those minutes . People might talk of Dr Eadie , or if Dr Morison ' s pills ; but Dr Kaye Shuttlcwortb ' _s _mtnutef beat everything of the Wsd . ( Laughter . ) Iw * _U that related to workshop * in schools , for in . stance , they wero the laughing ' stock of the country No one could object to " school field gardens , "but to " workshops for trades" there wero great objections The working men from whom be had presented the _petition to which he hnd aire ady alluded , after adverting to the unconstitutional _character of the measure , stated these objections in the following _teims : —

      '' Your pe _ t'c __ rs desire especially to direct the at . tention of your hon . honse to a portion of that scheme which , if put in operation , wiil be productive of serious injury to the trades and labouring _chsses of this country . Under the ln _** id ' Workshops fe _. r trades , ' it is provided by theniinutfp that grants may be made for the erection of workshops or tbe hiring of suitable buildings , towards tho _pttrcl-ase of tools , and for the _enconragemsnt oi tbe roaster workmen , by granting _gratuities for every boy who , in _oonsequeuco of skill acquired in tbe workshops . _^ sball h _.-. ve become a workman or assistant in any trade or craft whereby he is earning a livelihood . This portion i . _f the scheme will , in tbe opinion of your petitioners , inflict a serious injury on the honest and _hard-wsrking nrtisan of this country . The great

      body of the trades are alraady brought down to tho mere subsistence level by Uu * keen competition caused by redundant labour , But Hie proposed addition to those competitors will rendu- their condition much worse , because it will be _impossible for tho pro . lnce of their labour to be sold in the open market at , th « same pries as tbat of these favoured and privileged workshops . Your petitioners would remind your hon . house of the wretched condition of the shirtmakers and needlewomen of the metropolis and other large towns . To a great extent this wretchedness is , in tbe opinion of your _pcti . tiouers , attributable to the fact that they are compelled to compete with persons employed in workhouses , _schools of industry , and similar institutions . " It was impossible for the working people to enter into

      competition with those who had all the advantages of assistance from the state . The petitioners prajed fct inquiry before the _Legislature sanelioned the scheme . In a p _ nvpMet , whieh was supposed to proceed from the secretary of the education committee of Privy Council , this subject was mueh dwelt upon . A direct bribe was offered to tbe _working classes to accept the scheme _. Speaking of the benefits promised to children in great towns , tbe author said , "The most obvious _advantage to be effared to sucb children is the means of earning ft livelihood by _training them in somo handicraft requiring skill . If every sm h child had the opportunity of enter « ing a workshop in which he could acquire the art ofa smith , or a carpenter , or a cooper , or other similar trade , and after some hours of application was provided witb

      a coarse but wiote & . m . meal , it is not tobe double * that many , atlraotod not less by the sympathy which such arrangements would prove to exist for their forlorn condition than by the opportunity of escaping from tho misery of a life of crime and privation , would become assiduous 8 eholars in such sch _^ _s of industry . '' The plan appeared to look remarkably well on paper ; but any practical m .-ehanlc eould show , that a ? for teaching children , with the view of gaining a live . ihood , any of the skilled trAdes of this country , ia such schools , it was absolutely impossible to do so . The experiment had been made in industrial schools ; bat i t had been found that the work of a shee . maker , for instance , who had been so taught his trade , could ne _^ t bear to come into competition with that of

      regularly-bred workmen . There was this dilemmaeither young persons would be taught trades imperfectly , or , if they were taught perfectly , grcat injury would te inflicted on the regular trade of the eountry . Men could not learn in a year and a day any of these trades * , they must serve an apprenticeship By tho Minutes of Council it appeared that the boys wire to have a share of the produce of their labour . Where was the produce of their labour to be _s-ld ? it must bs brought into the ordinary markets ; but it was totally impossible for an honest in . dependent 6 hc . cm . kei' who pail his taxes , maintained his family , and provided his own tools , to cope with those whose labour was carried on under so ereat adTan .

      tagts . It carried out to any extent—and if it was to be of use for the purpose of thc scheme ; it must be carried out to a great extent—it would serious _^ interfere with the wages of working men , who asked only " a fair daj ' s wage for a fair day ' s work , " which , indeed , the scheme now propounded was calculated _raihev w take away than to secure . The other day lie received fl communication as to what had taken place in Burnley , where a very active canvass , it appeared , took place on behalf of the government schools , But the people were not to be deluded . Thc factory agitation was first tried and the operatives called upon to go to the court-house , a meeting having been announce . «_ the . subject . Then another appeal was made : —

      " Men of Burnley 1 do not be blinded by any sectarian jealousy . The government scheme offers aid to churchmen and dissenters alike . No favouritism ! Pork for . ill !" ( Laughter . ) "No favouritism ? " Bat what would the Roman Catholics say 1 There was a saying , " Fewer parsons and moro pig "—( laughter - , )—and thc question , " Who was to pay for tho pork *? " had been _porlinently put in another placard : — " And men of Buvnley . look here ! ' Knowledge is power ' for either good or evil . " The promoters of the government scheme of Education have ever been tho promulgators of tlie _pernicleus doctrine of passive obedience , and non-resistance . Put a pin in that fact , working men . ' Knowledge is power , ' but it may be so en .

      grafted into the minds of your children , that they will always be passive slaves , and submissively obedient to the powers tbat be . Put a pin iu that fact also . They cry out , 'Pork for all . ' Working men , inquire who haa to buy thc pig and pay for its kctp f " ( Greatlaughter . ) A public meeting took place ; and , notwithstanding an active canvass on tho part ofthe government , their scheme was rejected by a majority of 150 to 1 . The resolutions described in emphatic terms tho tendency of the scheme to corrupt tho working classes . A clever , intelligent working man , writing on tbe _subject , said" I have carefully read over tbe Minutes of Council , and I cannot help thinking that tho ' scheme' is deeply laid .

      that the ' thin end of the wedge' is intended to be Introduced ; and if the government once introduce it there will not be wanting those who will dviveit _tovwavd . _Thehopca of salary , emolument , and pension , I fear , will cause a whole hot of expectants tobe a sort of tools that will train the youthful mind to believe in that doctrine so useful to those who fatten on the industry of othersthc doctrine of _pasaive obedience and nan-resistance _. And the ' scheme' of granting ' certificates'is such that , not only the wholeof the ' pupil teachers , ' te ., will be put coxipletely in the power of g . vcrnment _, but aho their families ; the fact is , they will all be bound to tbeir good behaviour towards all Uer Majesty ' s subjects , but more especially to the 'parochial clergymen' and ' managers of schools . "'

      The same correspondent proceeded to remark : — " I am a _working man that does not enrc a i ) g for either churchmen or dissenter , as regards the education scheme . I believe that , aB far as tlicy are concerned , it is perfectly impartial , except as regards our Catholic brethren ; and if the statement be true that has been published in this town by tbe supporters of tbe scheme- * . that the Roman Catholics are shut out-1 am sure that on principle I should oppose it , if I had no _ather objection , because I hold that all who are called on to pay should participate in the benefits . " So far as working men were concerned , the scheme had very little chance of gaining their approbation . They were too good judges in tbe matter to be deceived—they felt thatthe measure was calculated to enslave and to injure them rather than to promote their interests . He observed this , by way ot illustrating the _ijnorance of tbe working classes ; nnd of showing the necessity of

      concurring in this scheme , Dr _Sliuttleuonb , in tliis p . imphlct of the government , alluded te what he called combinations and unions of the working _clashes and strikes . Ho ( Mr Duncombe ) called it the government ' s , because he saw the personal pronoun " we " always introduced , and u _« - _lessheshouldbetoldthatitwas not sanctioned by the Privy Council , he should assume that it was an official document , published at the public expense . _Wt \\ , \ that pamphlet allusion was mode to the strike of theor _i * rative _cottun spinners of Preston from October , ISM , to 5 * ebvuavy , 183 T , audit wns shown that £ 107 , 000 was lost to the town nnd trade of Preston by that strike . In tbat document , however , it would be found what was the son of that strike—it was simply this , _-piuuers of Preston , seeing tho factory parts of Lancashire rsceiving better selves , conceived tbat tbere was no should not receive the same prices .

      _, wages at Bolton about 10 per cent , higher thaB _^ _rfsirtewiv wages , and they struck . Well , what was _Megrmltl-, After the men hae" remained on strike for son * tptt _tkifc , < _erthaplfcir _' _s * _-. was _uewwnJtl . vl _wvZmi _&

      Reathat Tbe ,-Perayvo , Operative* In Ot...

      reathat tbe _,-perayvo _, operative * in otlier \ prices thaB > tb « n » i . ' reason xiby : \ ih . _^ . _- Thev WuW _\ tW hat tbe _,-perayvo * . " ¦ _, peratlvaa _inortter _^* < . _f rices _than-th-BEti . ' y - _< , ¦ _esson _J-JJr '* t li _^ r _.- _- . o . _'*' . They _&** tlw _¦*! ' _;^ , _-Vf-i " . ' " . * ' kt ' _-,

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), April 24, 1847, page 7, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns3_24041847/page/7/