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Northern Star (1837-1852), 26th August 1848, Edition 3 of 3, Page 4

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  • Departments (3)
    • FORTHCOMING MEETINGS
    • THE NOKTHEKN STAR, S.'-TURD AY, AUGUST 2G , 1818.
    • •"o ixfafrerS Sc CarresuonBrntf
  • Adverts (12)
  • Text (20)
  • Transcript

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      6 The Northern Star. August ^ ^^^ ^

      6 THE NORTHERN STAR . August _^ _^^^ _^

      Ad00411

      Just Published . THE MISSION OF ItEFORHEKS . Pr ice One i ' enn . v . By the _A-nVior of ' Politics for workers , ' ' A Tract for the Times . ' London : W . Strange . Patemo ; ter-rotv . A . Hrjwood , _Mamhertcr . D . Green , Leeds . R . BivuU _Huddersfield _, and all bookseller * .

      Ad00412

      TUB CON SPIRATOR . a Poem is Theee Cantos . IS THE 1 st Xo . of Tar Cacse of the People , a W ' e ? klT _family Newspaper , will be commenced an original and be ; iut " iful poem in addition to _othe : r ori ginal aad important articles . The Cacsb op tue _PtorLE will contain _thii-ty . two closely printed column ; , and will be t _'; e cheapest newspaper _everiseeeed fron the press . It can be hai oa order from ail booksellers -rid _ueA-sagents , or direct , free per post , of li . _Wak-i- i _" , We-t _Hromuieh . 1 ' aicE » id pes So ou Is 6 d _i-eb _QciarEn . _Ken-iaceutL sauidiei on tile most liberal terras .

      Ad00413

      POUTRAIT OF FSARGLS _O'COXXOR , _Es _^ ., M . ! ' ., TM AHTiy informs his friends and the Chartist bodv . generally , tint he has _reeiucei _th-j price of his _lithozraphie- fall -length portrait of tbeir Illustrious Cbiei to the followiiij ; price : —Prints , Is ; coloured ditto , 2 s . « d . Also , a _beaat i ' ul _lithographic portrat of W . Dixon , late of Manchester , now ons of the Directors , by T . Kaxun . Price—plain , Is ., coloured , 2 s . PEOPLE ' S EDITION . To be at the Once of tho National _Liind Company , _1-U , Hi _^ h Ho'burti ; Sweet , Goose Gate , _N ' _otimgnam ; Heyivoiici , Manchester , and ail bookseller in the United Kingdom .

      Ad00414

      Ju _> t pubhshei , price 0 d ., Pus : iree , 1 _: _& ., A TRUE PICTIJP . E OP _EMlGfiATIOX ; or . _FOCIl-TEEN YEARS IX THS IXlEivIOK OF NORTH _AMERICA ; btnv a full and impartial Account of the various _Dinicu . tie-5 and ultimate Su _.-cess oi au _Eniilis _' i Family , who emi _; ated from JBanvick- ; u-E : niet , uc : ir _JLeeds , in tbe j ear _IS'l . London : Published by G . Beigkr , 19 . _ll-ilvwell-sfrfe _:. Strand ; Le _^ is : D » vii > GriEKN ; _Manchester , A . _Hci"ffOuli ; and stt other ilook-: el ! trs .

      Ad00415

      DO YOU SUFFER TOOTH ACHE ? If so , use _Beaxd ' s _Ev . Mr . _Lfor _nilnu the decaying spots aud rendering _defective Teeth sound and paiule 5 s . PRICE , OXE SFIILI . IXG . Twenty testimonials aceonipan . inc : each box , Sold b . all Cit-ini-ts , or sent tret-, by return ot post , by sending _oneshil'iini ; and a stamp to J . V . illis , 4 , _BellVOUild ngs , Salistury-squtre , _London .

      Ad00416

      TO RE SOI D fur £ 50 , a Four-Acre allotraeat _, on Great Malvern estate . _At-p irat : on ( _t-ost paid ) tobe made to John Symond ? , Tailor , Teismmouth . Devon .

      Ad00417

      TO BE SOLD , AT _MIN'STSR _l . OCEL , a Four-Acre farm , cropped _uith potatoes , wheat , hi ma , bjvley , . fee ., _together with tbe _impleiiieits : . the land is good and pleisautly atu :: te . 1 . The price £ 0 ' . Apply { post paid ; to V . * . _Crabtree , Hatter , Derby .

      Ad00418

      TO P . S _DISi-OSSD OP . a Four-Acr _* share in the L md _Corcnativ . p ijd u _: > , _attieti-riLd _j for the ballot . Price . £ _? 1 -is . Apply ; postpti ; d ) to Richari Corp , Mais , cear Frome , Son . er : e \

      Ad00419

      TO BE DISPOSED OF . a Four-Acre _allotment , drawn in th ; _November bal ' . ot , the _p-srty being _prevented by otter _engagements from 20 : 11 . ; to it . Apply ( if by ' letter p _j 5 _t p _* iu ) to _Robert Malanson , Xo . II , _ilealdi-r . -itrtet . St Andre i *' s , Manchester .

      Ad00420

      TO BS DISPOSED OF , a Frur Acre allotment at Moat farm , _cropped with potatoes , barlev , turnips , peas , ic _Apj'l'eations [ it by letter pos- paid ) addressed to Thos . Kewsome . Xo . o " , _M-iat Farm , Staunton , ue _^ r Glou cester , will b- punctually attended to .

      Ad00421

      TO TAILORS . By _approbation of Her Majestv Queer . Victors , aad fi . R . K . Prince Albert . NOW READY , THE _LON'Pn . V AND PARIS _S 1 KIXG _ATID SUMMER FASHIOXS fori Ms . bv Messrs _KEXJAMIX READ Slid Co ., 12 , _Harr-strtel , _iiiojinsburi-suuare , near Oxford . Street , Loudoti ; and by 6 . _Besue ? ., _HoiywcU-stfeet , Strand ; a . d a )! l _^ _i-ik' _-Aiers , an _erquisitelv execaicd arid _EBperkly coloured PKIXT . The elegance of this Print excels any _beforepablisr . ed . accompanied with the Xewest Style , and _extra-Strin _? Frock , Riding Dress , and Hunting-Coat Patterns ; the most fashionable dress Waistcoat Pattern , and aa _estra-Ettiag Habit Pattern of- he newest and mo't _elegant _styic of : fashion . Every particular part explair . _id ; meti' . od of _increasing and diminishing the whole for any size fully illustrated , manner 0 : ' Cutting and Man- g up , and all other information _re-specting Style a : d . Pa hion . Price l' > s . post free lis . READ ana Co . ' s new scientific system of Catting for 1 S 4 S is ready , and will supersede everj _thing of tie kind heretofore conceived , AU the Plates tire numbered and lettered , and on fte scale of _Eiethteen Inches ; Whole sue . nevei before attempted , containing _twentj-three square feet : _pnrriculars . post free . Patent Measures , with full explanation , Ss . the set . Xcw Patent Indicator , lor _ascertainms proportion and disproportion , _iilurtr _^ ted with Diagrams , _f-rU-e 79 . Pattern ? to -Measure fail registered according to Ac ; of Parliament ) , post _fre-i , Is . each . The whole sold by R £ An and Co ., 12 , Hart-street , Blooms . bury-square . London ; and all _Ro-ksellers . Post-otnee Orders , an- ! Post Stamps , taken as Cash . _Habits performed for the Trade . _Ba _= _ts tor fitthie ; C _* _-ats ou ; Boys ' figures . Fore _.-uea provided . — Instructions in _cutting complete , for all kinds of Style an •' . Fashion , which can be accomplished in an incredibly short thte .

      Forthcoming Meetings

      FORTHCOMING _MEETINGS

      __ Sheffield.—Ths Little Sbx-Ffiald Bran...

      ___ Sheffield . —Ths Little _Sbx-ffiald branch of the National Charter _Association rave _removed tbeir place of meeur . 4 : from Clark ' * , to Mr Syke ' s , Temperance Hotel , 50 , Coalpit-lane , where ' the council meet every Sunday _afternosa . A soine will b 3 held to celebrate the returning a _Chirtist to the Town Council , next Tuesday evening , at the Hall oi Science , _"Workinehim street . Stocrbbidgg —An adjourned meeting of the Land _members , will ba held at the Crown rooms , oa this , ( Saturday ) _evemn ? , at seven o ' clock , for the consideration ot important _subjects relative to the Land Plan . _DiWJBrBV . —A district delegate meeting will be held in tbe _Ccartist raeetin _2-r--w > m _, Dewsbury , on _Su-sday _, August _27--h , at two o ' _b . ck in the afternoon . _Delegates from each locality are requested to attend , and to brin _? _proper credentials with them .

      Heckmoxdwike , kear Leeds —The _Chartist membars of this lecnity are requested to & tt » nd a _geieral meeting oa 1 Monday eveaing , August 23 b , at eight o ' clock , at the Red Chapel , top of lleckmondwike , on important bo ? ines « . Soom Losdjs Chartist Hall _Blackfriars ' -road . —A _meeting ot all the L ' tnd members of this branch will take phce , oa Sunday , August 27 : h . at six o ' clock , oa busine is of vital importance . Members _arareqiested to bring their cards . Mr S . Ktdd delivered aa interesting lecture en the organisation of _JabDur , in the L terary Institution , _John-street , oa Thursday evening .

      ___ Mr _KroD will _Jeciare in the _Jjha-street _Invitation _, on Tnursday next . Subject : ' h the rebellion in Ireland put dawn , and by what means . ' Socth Losdo . v Chahtist Hall . —On Sunday morning , a discussion , to cjmmence ate ' evea o'clock . —A members' meeting at three o'tibek in the afternoon , on important business . —La id _members meeting from five till seven . —Mr Campbell will lecture en Sunday _evening at e " v _, ht o ' clock . — Subject : — * Society as it is , and 33 it ought to be . '—Monday evening , public _meeting . Chair taken at half-past _eLjht . —Wednesday _evening , publie meeting . Chair taken at half-past eigfet . —Friday evening , Mitcbei Confederate Cinb Chair taken at eight . —On Monti _iy , September ll : b , a social _meeting for the _benefit of the Victim Fund . . Tickets can bs obtained at the ball , on asy of the meeting night- ? , and also a * , tbe _various Chartist ; _loca'ities ia the _metrnooiis .

      D / GBr-STRSST _, _GLOBr-LASB _, _Bete . _val-gree . v . — A D _; _ar-eratic supper wid take place on Tuesday next . _Ticket * to ba had at the house , p . ot _Iattr than Sunday next . Messrs M'Gratb . and Kydd will attend . A publio _meeting will be held oa Sunday next . The Members of the To _* er Hamlet D _^ trict Coramittee will meet next Tuesday evening , at eight o ' clock , at tbo Globs and Friends , Morgangtreat , Conmereial-road . The Disposal & f the gold seal which _^ _m to have taken place on Monday , _August 2 Sth , at Cartwright ' s coffee-nosse , is unavoidably p » st toned to Monday _Septambar 11 th . Bcl-tos . —An a _journed members' meeting of this branch of tha Land Company will take _placa on Sunday afternoon , August 27 : h , at two o ' clock , to consider the last four propositions in Mr O'Connor ' s letter of August 12 tb .

      Ceeltbsium . —A society for the mutual improvement of its members has b = en formed , and will hold meetings every Sunday evening , from seven till nine o ' clook , in the Cnarti _= t room , Queen ' s - buildngs . _ _N-jtice —X _3 more communications for the Chartists ot _Bihon must be sent to J _^ _mes Malle 3 on , tbe ate Charti't secretary , as he has _no-v nothiag to do with that body . _MERTava Tvdvil . —The members of the _Lind Company , resident ia this town and neighbourhood , are _requested to attend at the branch office , back of the ruree Horse Shoes , at two o ' clock on Sunday next . the 27 th instant , to take into consideration the proposed _aitsratijas prior to the visit of the directors V 9 _IblS t 05 VQ .

      JeilZ _« 7 S .. - _k" ° f the Cbarti 3 t Association arein > raed _* hat , in consequence of b _^ ing deprived o their meeting room in x \ icholas-street , their meetings , ia future , will bs held on Sunday _evening at the Lind member ' s room , the Castle Inn Lower Orwell-street . Ail members in arrears with their _Hubscriptious are requested to attend and pay tbe Same , Ma S- Ktdd will de . 'iver a lecture at S 3 _Dean-. _flv S 3 h 0 ' on Sund _V evenin _* _. the 27 cn Instant , _SLtr , l _p r vV ' c ! _^ - Sa _% e ° _- _- - ' Louis Blanc ana the _Eighsh Pres * . ' Leeds . -- An adjourned meeting of Land members will take _placs on _Sn-, da / afternooa _, September 3 rd , t _twoo clock in the afternoon , for the further con-Btemw 9 f Mr _O'ftmW propositions ;

      Ad00423

      Prjce Twopence , THE RIGHT OF PUBLIC MEETING A LETTER Addressed ( before Sentence , ) TO LORD CHIEF JUSTICE SIR THOMAS WILDE , Bi Ernest Jones . Tbia letter contains the _subatanci cf tbe addrem waich Ernest Jones intended to deliver in ite court , but which the judge would not allow to be _spjken . Also , price Threepence , A VERBATIM BEPOI 1 T OF THE _TRIALS OF ERNEST JONES AND THE OTHER CUAR 11 ST LEADERS . Now Ready , a New Edition of Mil . O'CONNOR'S WORK ON SMALL FARMS . THE CHEAPEST EDITION EVEE PUBLISHED . Price Is . Gel ., A new and elegant edition , with Steel Plate of the Author , of PAINE'S POLITICAL WORKS . J tut _published , price 31-, THE _EVIDENCE GIVEN BY JOHN SILLETT , In his Examination before the Committee on the National Land Company . Thi 3 irapiitant b _^ dy of evidence forms sixteen elo _-er ? printed page ? , and c -nelusively proves what . may be dyne , hy explaining waa ; John Sillett has done , with Two Acres . _Xoiv ready , Pries Is . Nos . 19 , 20 , OF " TKE LABOURER- " NOTICE . It was intended to have _presented an abstract of the whole ol tbe Evidence given before the Committee , in the present double number of the ' _Lahoures . ' It was , how . ever , so voluminous , and at the same time of so _oiueh _importance to a _thorough _understanding of the _' wfcole subjei-t , that it has been found _impossible to condense it within that limit . In the next number cf ' The LaiiocnEii' fnhich will immediately follow the present , ) we shall give the important evidence of Mr Sullivan , M . P ., a member of the Committee , who personally visited two of the Estates , and ul « uof the two eminent _Accountants , to whom the Financial position and prospects of the Land Coral anv were submitted by the Committe-. We sliali accompany the Abstract of Evidence by an analvsis of ! the prominent points developed , and of the plan by " hicb . Mr O'Connor proposes to meet and obviate the objections to the scheme , clieiud in tbe Courte of the investigation . No . 21 , Price Sixpence , will be ready on September 1 st , Watson , Queen ' s _Ileari-psssaue , Paternoster-row , _Lonion : A Ilcywood , Manchester : and all BoA _asliers ia Town and _C' _-un ' . rr .

      The Nokthekn Star, S.'-Turd Ay, August 2g , 1818.

      THE NOKTHEKN STAR , S . ' -TURD AY , AUGUST 2 _G _, 1818 .

      The Reign Of Terror. On Thursday Last, I...

      THE REIGN OF TERROR . On Thursday last , in the sixteenth year of Reform , ami _during the administration of tke Reforming Whigs , who have been traitors to the Crown , traitors to the People , and traitors to the English Constitution , another Coercion Bill passed the Commons , with the title uf ;' Unlawful Oaths ( Ireland ) . " We cannot sufficiently express our horror and _disgust of those truculent men . who , thou » h professors of constitutional _lilujity , have thus destroyed every _vesUtie of the constitution , as regards

      Ireland ; but we cannot conline our observations to the state of Ireland alone , we must , in justice , extend them to the present state of England . Every country in the world pressed dawn under the weight of kingcraft and priestcraft , is awaking as it were from the nightmare , and throwing off the incubus of this double pressure ; while England , more oppressed than any other country in the world , is , at the present moment , under a more severe despotism than any other country in Europe .

      The philosopher shall not refer to our glorious constitution , in its entirety and integrity , as a refutation of our assertion , because we honour and respect the old English constitution , when man was allowed to live on the landof his birth , when the natural client was nursed and fostered hy his natural patron ; but it is no part of the British constitution that class should live upon class , and that _Government should continue their rule upon no other principle than that of exciting alarm in the minds of one class , that they may live upon the false fears of that class , while they hold the

      other , and the most valuable , in a state of bondage , famine , destitution , and want . Can it be denied that profligacy increases in the exact proportion in which " the demand for liberty progresses ? Can it be denied that liberty , tempered with reason and discretion , and not that liberty which would be likely to degenerate into licentionsness , is now the one great object sought by universal Europe ? And can it be denied that the administrators of the much-boasted constitution of England , are now attempting to meet this universal demand by increased profligacy , increased patronage , and increased terror ?

      The servile and corrupt Press of this country would hound the Government upon all who profess Chartist principles ; while , without the same thought , discussion , and consideration , which has led to the adoption of those principles by the English people , the people of all other countries of Europe , without the same discussion and pre-concert , are adopting the same principles—thus proving their legitimacy , and showing that , from their realisation alone , the dissensions now prevailing amongst the human family , canbe suppressed and destroyed . The name of Chartism may have become

      odious , as the name of every progressive movement does , the object of which is to establish right upon the ruins of might—like every other principle , it must pass through the ordeal of ridicule , contempt , and persecution , until it arrives at that giant strength and threatening magnitude which deserves discussion , legislation , and acceptation . What boots it , that a people starving , a people deceived , a people taxed to overbearing to support a profligate _Government and an

      expensive system , should break out into physical resistance , which may for the time and for the nonce entail odium and disrespect upon the professors of that _political creed—those ebullitions , though suppressed by the appliances of a strong Government , but mark the growing discontent . Like the ma « net , the creed attracts all the dissatisfied , until , at length , the resistants are obliged to bend and y ield , and , with a bad grace , they yield to fear much more tban would have been accepted if conceded to justice .

      We are not chargeable , the staunch Chartists , the Old Guards , are not chargeable with any of those crimes which are now attributed to the prefessors of Chartism ; and , however the struggle may end between the privileged jury-class , possessing power , and the outlawed class , looking for { tower , we will still maintain the whole principles of Chartism inviolate and unadulterated ; and we will do so hecause we consider them to be the basis of peace , contentment , and plenty , and because we consider them to be in strict accordance with every principle of humanity . What is crime : _Now-a-days crime is not what man does of his own free will . Crime now

      is what the agents of Government compel a man to do . In London , scores of Chartists have been arrested . Some are now eking out the time of their solitary imprisonment , while their families are starving and their oppressors revelling ; while others are living upon the slender hope of deliverance from the hands of their persecutors . We , however , notwithstanding the charges of profligacy urged against

      _usbyDnimmond , Hrme , and Lord Arundel and Surrey , cannot charge ourselves with being in any way instrumental to the persecution of our Chartist brethren . We cautioned them in season—we cautioned them through all time—to be cautioug of traitors , of spies , and informers . We announced that all the appliances at the command of a desperate government would be put into operation ; to destroy their mos

      The Reign Of Terror. On Thursday Last, I...

      dreaded assailants . We told them that their every act , and their every word , would be subject to the construction which a hired desperado might put upon them ; and our readers will believe that we formed no unreasonable conclusion when we publish the following letter , received bv M r O'Connor from the informer Powell : — Hoxton . Sik—I have been ihe means of sending missionaries

      , to the north of England , for the purpose of bringing the men of the north out . and when they return it is our intention to bt . Id a delegate meeting of London Chartists , and to require your attendance , when we are determined to make a bold stand , oar men being resolved not to wait longer for their _rights ; and it you are not prepared to attend that delegate meeting , and shnro the dans-era of the Chartist tody , you will be one of the first victims to your own cowardice . Your obedient 6 ervant , _TiioMiS Powell

      Besides the above communication , Mr O'Connor received a letter from this same Powell , impressively inviting him—nay , commanding him—to attend the meeting in Milton _, street , and for speaking at which Shaw is now in custody . But , still further , when the time arrives we expect to be able to prove that this said Powell had laid a scheme . for the assassination of Lord John Russell , which nothing but the indomitable courage of Mr O'Connor could have prevented ; and which he did prevent at the risk of his own life , and in which some of the staunchest and oldest Chartists in London , co operated—that is , they co-operated with Mr O'Connor in overturning the foul attempt .

      Even apart from this , we give the following evidence of the character of the said Powell from fellow-labourer * , who have worked with him , who know his character , and abhor his vices , and these are taken from the original documents signed by those men : — Richard Pcnndl , of 51 , India Cottage , Monyers-street , Hoxton New Town . ' I hav _, > known Powell ; for thirte n years , am aware he committed forgery _o-. i his fathtr . He _informed me that he has l _^ ec-n employed at lis . to I 5 s . per day ns a decoy to _tliiinble--rigi ; cr _.-i , to " draw other parties in to bet and pl . iy . About five years _nuo he used to Ic engaged in watching tbe thieves _' abnut _Regent-street and the Strand . He got

      tired of it , as lie only g' -t ' is . 64 . a day . lie told mc lie could get more out of the thieves to keep quiet . He told me he « : ts continually in fear of the counsel that they wou ld heir of the thimble rig affair , and so damage his evidence . The- last time I saw him was about four or five months ago , when he wished me t . join _the-Association , as he would propose me , ns he was one of their bead men _; and wanted me then to propose him as a delegate , as h .- should get £ 2 or £ 3 per week , which would be better than _hunibugjiini ; about at old Smith ' s , as he could make out of carpentering . He then told mi that if I would e-ome to his house next _Siint ' ay

      lit- would show rue materials that would blow London to ti « . e devil in half-.-ir . hour ; and he rr eant that Sir _fluorge _Gri-y , Lord John Itu-sel , the Queen , and Prince Albert , would have their b-y brains knocked out first , aud if I , as an individual , did not j . iin them , he would point me _viiitotiit'in , should have bullets put throu ., 'li them . I have frequently heard him say he wished his old father ' s soul was in h-1 , and he sh mid like to pull the old b -r out of his grave . I have known him maliciously to chop up the men ' s tools , ami put others in the fire , because tney wuuld not _assccUite uiih _hi-n in his vill . mous conduct . ( Signed ) _Kichabd _PiNNtix .

      Henri ) _Watson . - Vo . 5 , _Rarton-court , Hoxton Old Town . A fellow w rkii . rm , carpenter . About twenty-three _vearsago ho _e-onuiiitti-d _foivery on his father , oa the ' . M . _jovtiel-i ' s Bank , aud was _obliged to Hy to Americ i ; in about two years he came back ; about eight years ago ! -. e turned _ci . mmon informer ; and about five years ago hi * occupation was wat . _hing : pcop ' e _, and endeavouring to prtvail on others to appear as witnesses _against parties for _pacing bad money . Since then he lias been employed hy MrSo . ith , andduriiip that time he has _endenvcured t » prevail on me to join this secret mectiiu , and never to eo without a da . _'jer and other deadly weapons , as lie was armed with a brace of pistols , a sword , and a dagger ; . bout len _wei-Us ago lie tried to pi ' = vail on me to go to Webber-street and GMduu-lane _, to facilitate the get ting up of those ueetings . ( SignedJ Henry Watson .

      Now , the Smith referred to above is brotherin-law to the said Po « e ]!; he is a highly respectable man , employing from fifty to sixty tradesmen , and the foreman of that establishment , if necessary , is ready and willing to come forward to depose to the infamy of this miscreant . But , suppose Mr O'Connor had been weak enough , or so cowardly _. as to yield to the threat of this ruffian , what then would have been the result of his treaclierv ?

      It appears , also , that this ruffian was the fomentor ol the whole conspiracy ; and after so manv v ears of practised villany , associated with the greatest miscreants , and practised in the art of deception , was it wonderful that such a professor should have been able to secure willing and enthusiastic followers ? It further appears that the whole of the Lancashire conspiracy was brought about by one wbo , we are credibly informed , is now ready to tender evidence on behalf of the Crown

      against his associates . In 1843 , the principal witness against Mr O'Connor and fifty-nine others , at Lancaster , was a reporter of the Northern Star , to whom the proprietor had rendered signal service , and it was natural , therefore , that Mr O'Connor should not only have felt suspicious himself , but _should have warned others against the machinations of such villains . And as of yore , so now , and so it will be always , according to the Free-trade principle—where there is a demand , there will be a supply—last week we dismissed one of the reporters of this establishment—not Mr Stallwood , —from the fact communicated to us

      that he was in constant communication with the detectives and police , and not wishing , however great the danger may be of being associated with an outlawed principle , to be in any way mixed up with treachery and deceit . However the Whigs may be able to use a jury class against British subjects , in the hope of suppressing Chartism , and however they may have the ce-operation of the Hume and Cobden quadruped alliance , both factions may rest assured that Chartism , though struck down now by the bloody hand of tyranny , will rise , not from its ashes , but from its slumber , and will overthrow despotism and establish the

      rule of justice in this country . Does the present administration suppose , that the fears of English landlords are as usable and as useful as the profligacy of Irish members ? and do they imagine that the Saxon blood of the aristocracy of _England will net revolt against that perfidy which now but maintains itself by the profligacy and co operation of traders , who speculate in human blood ? The heart sickens when Ireland is the theme ; the blood recoils when we find that upon Thursday [ last , when Mr O'Connor moved the rejection of the last act of Coercion for Ireland , that there was

      not an Irish member to second it , although the " fat young gentleman , ' ' the leader of the " moral _, force humbug , '' ( Mr John O'Connell ) was in the lobby at the time . If ever there was a period when it was necessary for the Chartists to be on their guard against the plots and intrigues of government spies and informers , it is now ; and if ever there was a Government which deserves the execration of all classes , rich and poor , it is that Government which has found its way to office upon pledges of extensive reform , and has destroyed confidence by the violation of those pledges .

      The "Conspiracy." Our Town Edition Of La...

      THE "CONSPIRACY . " Our town edition of last Saturday contained a report of the examination of the persons arrested in London on the _preceding Wednesday . That report supplied to our country readers this week , is accompanied by notices " of subsequent arrests and examinations . Two or three of the persons arrested , or said to be implicated , are known to have professed Chartist principles , and on this foundation the Press _ijang have been howling for a week past , over what they have called the " Discovery of a Chartist Conspiracy . " " Conspiracy" there may have been , but not a Chartist conspiracy . The onl y known Chartist against whom that charge is _brought is Cuffav .

      Now , takinp ; the evidence _against Cuffay for granted—which , in fact , considering the suspicious source it comes from , we are not _inclinrd to do—it is rather too bad that one man ' s folly should be made the pretext for _invoking vengeance against the entire Chartist party . The prosecuting counsel , Mr Clarkson , admitted a distinction between the veritable Chartists and the misguided men who , as he said , '' took upon themselves the character of Chartists , " and " affected to be Chartists' '—a distinction which the Press would have imitated , had its conductors any regard for truth and

      honour ; but when did a regard for either characterise the unprincipled Press-gang ? According to the evidence of Joseph Thompson sergeant of police , he picked up a paper at the Orange Tree public house , which paper certified that George Greenslade and William Hyrne bad been elected delegates to the National Chartist Convention for the " Thomas Paine Lodge . " Without raising the question as to the genuineness of this " ¦ paper , " we solemnly declare that the men named , George Green slade and William Byrne , were never members of any " National Chartist

      Convention . " All delegate meetings known by that or any similar name , have been reported in this journal ; and tbe names of these men never appeared in connexion with any such "Conventions . "' If there ever has been any secret delegation assuming the title of ' ' National Chartist Convention , " we know not where or when that delegation met ; and if there was any such meeting , wo declare , in the name of the Chartist party , that that meeting had no

      authority to take to itself any such title . Again _, if there is any knot of men calling themselves the "Thomas Paine Lodge , " they are unknown to us . The Chartist Organisation includes neither " _lodges , " nor anything in the shape of " lodges . " The Plan of Organisation adopted years ago , and revised in public by the late delegate meeting calling itself the ' _" ' National Assembly , ' ' repudiates secrecy in every name and form .

      Some of the prisoners had " Chartist cards on them . It is not stated whether the whole of these cards were the tokens of membership _issued b y the National Charter Association . It is not the first time that persons have taken up cards of the Association for purposes of their own , quite foreign to the interests of the Association . For instance , a certain person ( whose thirst for notoriety broke out all over him at the time of the Cochrane Revolution in Trafalgar Square ) , was elected to the Chartist Convention , which met in London on the 3 rd of April last . He was challenged to show that he was a Chartist , which lie very soon did bv

      producing his card of the National Charter Association , which he had taken up—two or three days before Ihe Convention assembled I That person s name has figured two or three times of late in the _Bankruptcy Court , and on each occasion the penny-a-liners have announced him as "Mr ¦— 1 the Chartist leader ' " The man was wholly unknown to the Chartists previous to the meeting of thelate Convention , and since the dissolution of that assembly he has never mixed with the Chartists , yet the vile Press-gang proclaim him a " Chartist leader . ' ' Sir Robert Peel or Lord John Russell has as good claim to that title .

      The man , Thomas Powell , is utterly unknown to the Chartist party , and tbe veritable Chartists , the men who have borne the h at and burden of a ten years' agitation , would never have reposed confidence in a wan without public name and reputation . How he rewarded the confidence of his dupes , the following revelations , when under cross-examination , will show : — " I entered the Association for the purpose of _getting" information , and communicating' it to tlie Police Commissioners . 1 _encouraged and stimulated these men in order to

      inform _against tnem . And _airain — " I _trave tlie men some bullets : O J I gave balls to Gurnev ; I _gave him half-a-pound of powder ; I also cast some bullets on purpose for him , and gave them to him . " It appears also , according to his own account , that when at the secret meeting , the night previous to tlie arrests , the chairman

      put the question to each so-called " delegate , ' ' " Are you prepared ? " —that is , "Are you prepared to come out with your men to-morrow night ? " Powell answered in the aflirmative . " He'' ( the chairman ) "put the question to one before me , " says Po « ell , " and he _s-iid ' Yes . ' He then put the question to me , and I said ' YES ! !! ' '' No « under ho trembled violently whilst giving his evidence—no woniW he drank quantities of water—no wonder hfl had to be _nrwnmmodated with a chair . Poor

      wretch ! But comment would be superfluous . "The approver ' s " own damning admissions do move than even tlie pen of a Cob » etT could do to exalt this Powell to the goodly com paniomhip of those saints of Sidmouth's

      era—OLIVER , CASTLES , RICHMOND , and EDWARDS ! " Spies / ' says the Morning Chronicle , " are necessary evils . " But was it _necessary , after Powell ' s dupes _were in custody , to send him amongst ihem to glean information from their own confessions to a man whom they yet supposed worthy of their confidence , and imagined came to them as a friend ? This was done , at least in the case of one of tlie prisoners—Gurney . Such a mode of obtaining evidence against the accused is thoroughly disgraceful , and ought to have been repudiated by the government prosecutor .

      This affair has been made the pretext for another furious outburst against Chartism , on the part of the Press-gang ; the Times , as usual , taking the lead . With a recklessness of depravity nowhere to be found out of Printing . House-sqiiare . the Times asserts that Chartism is " a compound of burglary and arson , with murder superadded . " Again" Modern Chartism has but three points—fireraising , bloodshed , and plunder . ' ' Is not this horrible ? With how much more justice might we charge upon Whig _^ i sm and Toryism the robberies , burnings , and murders , accounts of

      which fill so much space in the public journals . It is notorious that robberies , burnings , and murders , are nearly always to be traced to the destitution—physical or mental , usually both ¦ —of the perpetrators of those crimes . Whigs and Tories of the present or past generations make , or have made , the laws and institutions which have moulded society to its present shape , and neither the Whigs nor Tories have done anything to emancipate the multitude from ignorance , vice , and misery . The Chartists have been and are powerless , and have had nothing to do with creating or perpetuating

      the general causes of crime . Can the same be said of Whigs and Tories ? Those parties have refused to provide adequate means for the education of the people ; they have established a political system which , in a great mea & me , owes its stability to the vices of the people —witness the beer shops and gin palaces—and by taking no steps to put an end to the destitution of the unemployed , although possessing ample power to do so , they have kept alive and yearly ' aggravated the t > tron ! j ; est inducement to crime . It is not true , as the Times

      asserts , that England is " cultivatedjto the top of its power . " It is not true thatthe present " regulations of society / ' which' constantly leave a massof human beings totheftemptation to commit crime , are " inevitable . ' All this might and would be changed , if the " six points" of the Charter—not the "three points" of the Times—were in the ascendant _. One word more . If Chartism is to be held responsible for Powell ' s plot , what ism should be saddled with the Derby riots , the burning of Nottingham Castle , and the sacking of Bristol ? An answer will oblige .

      The Chronicle ' s description of the prisoners explains how it happened that they became associated in their mad enterprise : — The prisoners were all in tho garb of mechanics and labourers and in the entire body there was not a _single individual whose appearance indicated nn approach tu even ordinary physical strength , or whose countenance _displiijednnyof that ferocity of disposition which thn atrocious character of the crime imputed te them would seem naturally to betofcen .

      It was not "ferocity of disposition , " but starvation , as evidenced by their utter want of " physical strength , " which had induced them to lend an ear to the tempter , and combine for —their own ruin . _.. That there has been a "Conspiracy , " we

      cannot deny , but will all the conspirators be _brought to trial ? No ! The worst will escape . The Press-gang have conspired to misrepresent the working classes , and excite prejudice against their principles ; and , successful in their conspiracy , have driven men in their despair toseek the means ot escape from their misery , even by violence . The supporters of the Gagging Bill , and the employers of spying reporters and spying detectives , have , by rendering the

      ancient right of public meeting a nullity , conspired , too successfully , to drive a portion of the people to favour secret societies , against the advice and _warnings of their ( rue friends . Lastly , Powell , the informer , conspired with the police to take advantage of the _misery and madnes s of his dupes , of course with no other object than the public good in view , and not that he _my ht earn the customary "thirty p ieces of silver . ''

      And now we warn the London Chartists that Powell is not . the only deceiver ! We have accurate information of the doings of at least one other informer—a creature who twelve months ago was unknown to the Chartist party , hut who within that time has made himself notorious at the east end of London by his apparent morbid craving for notorietybut his real motives are now known to us . We warn the London Chartists that such a creature—in personal appearance a satire upon " phvsical force "—is amongst them . He has

      urged on others to the talking of violent nonsense , and preparations for violent deeds , and has then c immunicated every word and act to the police . Spies arc amongst you , men of London—beware of them , Villany and folly have done their work well , and , in consequence , every Chartist is menaced with public and private persecution . No matter , we shall continue to defend and advocate the principles of Charti _> m . in spite of both fools and knaves ; convinced that those principles are founded in justice and truth , and that their establishment is necessary for the

      welfare of society . Ihe Cnromcle says , that " no honest man will henceforth allow himselt to be classed with Chartists at all . " But , " ome weal , come woe , " the name of Chartist shall ever be dear to us . Though the hurricane of persecution is once again _rairing , we nail our flag to the mast— "THE CHARTER AND NO SURRENDER !"

      Pari A A Mentary K K Viiiw. It Is Very P...

      PARI A A MENTARY K K _VIIIW . It is very painful to see such a waste of labour and good intentions as that exhibited by the debates of this protracted Session . Though the 12 th of August has lured away the more confirmed of Tlio sportsmen to the pleasures of field and forest , there still remains a goodly number of senators , old and young , who are quite ready to sacrifice themselves , in clay and night sittings , for " the good of their country . " Unfc the fates are against these patriots . Not all their enthusiasm and perseverance can move the vis ineriia of a Whig administration—not all their _eiforts reimve the frightful nightmare of Whig incapacity , which presses _tifion the Legislature , and benumbs its energies .

      As it is , the debates serve merely to indicate the vast importance of the subjects left untouched—subjects which press imperatively for settlement , but are neglected by a Government which has neither the ability nor the energy required to grapple with them , and which is _laboriously elaborate and busily idle with such small matters as fall within the range of their limited intellects . By way of compensating for the absence of one or two great , measures , which would produce appreciable and beneficial re-ults , they heap on the table of both Houses a host of legislative trifles , which have at least the effect of occupying the time and attention of our legi _> lators , and to make a show of work , if the reality he wanting .

      It is not considered sufficient that Ireland should he _afTlicte- ! by famine , pauperism , and landlordism . A few bigots'vi . sh to inflame a little more violently the already too great religious animosities which prevail in that unhappy country . In 1 S 32 , a system of national education , based upon a principle of respect for all conscientious religious opinions , was introduced into Ireland , It was under Lord Stanley ' s administration , and he has , therefore , received the credit of originating the system , which , we believe , is reallv due to Mr Thomas

      Wyse , the late Member for Waterford . The object of this system was to " afford a combined literary and a separate religious education , which should be so far adopted to the views of all religious persuasions in Ireland , as to render it in truth a national system of education for the poorer classes of the community . ' ' The schools were to be kept open for moral and literary education , only for four or five days in the week . The other days were to beset apart for giving separately , such religious education to the children as might he approved by the clergy of their respective

      persuasions . One would have imagined that a system so obviously just to all parties , would have met with hearty support—the very contrary has been the case . The bishops and clergy of that monstrous incubus on Ireland—the Protestant Established Church , not content with robbing the Roman Catholics of the revenues they receive , have set up - continuous howl against these schools , and done all in their power to deprive the Roman Catholic children of their benefits , on pretence that they were a violation of the rights of conscience , and that all education should he based on

      the use of the Bible as a school book . Lord John Russell effectually disposed of this flimsy pretence in his reply to the application of Mr Hamilton , on Monday night , to interfere with the system established in 1832 , by making a separate grant to the Established Church . He said—The Roman Catholic says , ' It is a violation 0 _myc-mseienice to _oblige my child to receive religious instruction

      of which tlie Roman Catholic chuvcH _disapproves . ' Th _^ t is a very intelligent proposition ! But when the Protestant _clergyman says , ' It is a violation of my conscience to promote education , unless I can coir oil Romau Catholic children to receive _religious instruction , according to the forms of the Cliureh of England , ' theVord ' violation ' of conscience become } so vague and unimportant that I for one canuot attach any meaning at all to it . ( Loud cheers . )

      I he best argument in favour of the system is , that ever since its establishment it has gone on steadily increasing in public favour , and public utility . At first there were about 1 , 000 schools , and 100 , 000 scholars ; there are now upwards of 4 , 000 schools , and about 450 , 000 scholars ; and this in spite of the most inflexi ble and persevering hostility on the part of the Protestant Clergy . Every traveller who has visited Ireland and examined the working of these Schools , speaks of them as the onh green spot in the history of that unhappy country , and as the only feature which

      promises a better future . We think , therefore , that the Ministry were right in refusing to interfere with a system which has , for sixteen years , had the support of every successive Administration ; which has _. during ' that period , made such a steady progress in usefulness ; and which is calculated to he of such future benefit frj Ireland , by removing those religious prejudices and animosities which are the greatest bane and curse of human society . It is also gratif ying to add , as a proof of the _decac-lence of religious intolerance and bigotry , that onl y fifteen members were found to vote for such interference .

      Among The Numerous Matters Talked About,...

      Among the numerous matters talked about , we note one significant omission , No one says a word about the state of the country , as indicated by the numerous arrests which are now making in every part of it . Is it fear of probing the real weakness of the present system too deeply , which imposes this prudent silence ? We had prepared comments on the Bank , Sugar , and Slave Trade questions , which have constituted portions of the week ' s debates , but press of matter compels the postponement of the remarks till our next number .

      Trial Of Dr M'Douall. The Liverpool Assi...

      TRIAL OF DR M'DOUALL . The Liverpool Assizes are commenced , and the trial of Dr M'Douall will take place next week . As yet , the fund collected is iiisiifti cient to pay counsel , or take his witnesses to Liverpool . There is no time _U be lost . Char _, tists of _England , bestir yourselves , and leave not your advocates—unassisted and defenceless—to _struggle in the entangled meshes of the law . All monies for the defence must be forwarded immediately to William Prow-ting Roberts , Esq ., solicitor , EssexC hambers Essex-street , Manchester . '

      The Chartist Prisoners. In The House Of ...

      THE CHARTIST PRISONERS . In the House of Commons last night , on Mr Wakley presenting a petition , a short debate arose « n the treatment of the convicted Chartists , now in Tothill Fields Prison . We may believe the statement of Mr Dodd , uhen it is corroborated by the prisoners ; but uiier . we reflect upon the fate of Holherry and others , we may be excused for being rather sceptical as to the pleasure or enjoyments of political prisoners .

      •"O Ixfafrers Sc Carresuonbrntf

      •" o _ixfafrerS Sc _CarresuonBrntf

      Aiibbheev.—Tn Rpply To .Mr Smart's Lette...

      Aiibbheev . —Tn rpply to . Mr Smart ' s letter , _whuli aj , _pe-ired in tho Stab of August 5 th , ws have received let'ers from two well-known Chartists in _Al't-nUen , and _i . _No from a body of workmen in that town , _rcuitiuft Mr Smart ' s statement , and expr _.-ssinj ? _approbation „ f our previous comments on the conduct of the parties defended by Mr Smart , We decline _publishing these letters , as they contain severe strictures up _. wi certain persons in Aberdeen , and we have no inclination _t ,, fin the columns of the Northern Star with personal de . _nuneiations . G . r . earnestly rrcnmmcnds that the Noktiieb . v . Sr . va should he sent to Ireland . C 11 HI . TEXH & SI . —Mr John Hemmiu earnestly call * on tho Chartists of this town to do their Cu'y ,- and rally round the banner of Chartism . Mr G . Adams , Glasgow . —We do not Eupyly the _Lahoi-ker to country agents . You c : in procure it _through any London agent . Mr Kay . Moth rwcll . —You will obtain tbe _'FitV-en

      Lessons'trom Mr J . Watson , Queens Head pa = s . _i - , l \ i ternostpr-rew , London . TnE 1 . 1111 : 11 tv _l- ' _t : ND . —We understand th _^ t as man / ap . _plicat ' ons have been maele for postponement , an , I tae required number not bein _^ _» made up for the l ,: il ; ,, t _t ' or the four freehold houses , with votes , for one 5 ' iili n _.-, at Unit , in West Norfolk , the _cmnmittce have _piMpmcd t _^ esatne till Monday , Sep . 25 th , 18-18 , which wi _. i five those who are _desirous of supporting this l : _iulai , le undertaking an opportunity of d ' oii _. g so ; and e \ U- u the dtprcsed state of the _sii 1 fund is talien into ennside . ration , this is hi ; , 'My _dwiiraWe . Every infi rmati o eta be obtained by _npplica inn to the secretary _, / ulin Arnot " , _Bricklayers' Arms , Ton _bridge-street , Xc . v . r _. i . id , London , if by letter ( pre paid > , with sU-Jip em 1 ,.-, , \ for _r-i-iy . . Votice . —Agent ? and subscribers will p easo _tii-c _n . tinuo _remitting their accounts in postage stamps , as « care quite overstocked with them . J . Sweet btt ? s to neknowledgc the receipt rf the _fallowing _eums , for the d .-fence of Dr M'Douall : —

      From _Rin- n'ham .. .. .. .. "id Mr Cliipindale .. .. .. - ) 1 From the ' Lord Holland' .. .. .. 0 _¦¦> s _{ Mr Luverseed ,, .. .. .. f : i S * Mr Da ton .. .. .. .. - ' fi Mr Shepherd . .. .. .. .. ¦ _¦> 0 1 Mr Broxliolme ., .. .. .. » 0 J Mr Kirk « 2 Fron thn ' Colonel Hutchinson' _,, •¦ t * f 4 By Mr Proctor .. .. .. .. '•> 1 10 _J Mr _Clakk ' s second communication is unavoidably _postp-ini-d . Ab-bdee . v Land Member' , and T . Plume , London . —It shall appear in our _ni-xt . A ( . ' 0 RiiE . sPi ) . M ) E \ T at Lowbands asks—' What is best to do with potatoes that are diseased ! ' also , ' _whet-. _u-r it is better to _disr those which are partially so , or leave Uiem in the ground V Foa the Wives _« n . i ' families ef the Victims . —Great M . irlow _, V . r II , Harding , per E . Stallwood , If , L _' o . veb , London . — n ' _ee-. iimot answer le . 'al quest . _ons .

      Receipts Or The National Land Cowipan's'...

      _RECEIPTS Or THE _NATIONAL LAND _COWIPAN'S ' , _FOH THE Vi'EBK ENDING THURSDAY , AUGUST U , 1848 . _PEX MR _O'CONs'OB . » _- ! a £ _es . £ _-. d , York .. 2 11 C Sh ' ney Row ,. 1 : 1 » I'c .-. c . ondsey .. 0 13 0 Win Daniels .. 0 _# 0 _Nottingham , James Ashton .. 0 "> 0 Sweet .. 0 7 G Thos Thombtrry . 1 5 0 Worcester .. S 7 0 C Moivl .. 0 1 0 Oldham .. 0 1 J 6 J Collisou .. -i 1 ' 0 Hexham .. 0 1 J 0 II Towers .. UH 0 Shetneld ,. 10 0 0 i _' _-J . j _l-i 0 KSFEKSE FUND . _Nottingham , Worcester „ 1 Id S Sweet „ 0 3 6 Shiney How .. 0 16 £ i 1 5

      Land Fund ... .„ ... 20 10 0 Expense Fun...

      Land Fund ... . „ ... 20 10 0 _Expense Fund ... ... ... 2 16 2 S 17 " _& Bank 41 VI G £ 70 11 0 Wm , Dhow . _Ceristofeeb DoitE _, Thos . CiiBK _, ( Corres _, Sec . ) _Peiup M'Gr . _* Tn , ( Fin , See . )

      Recei7ed At Bank. By J. Goodby, Secretar...

      RECEI 7 ED AT BANK . By J . Goodby , Secretary , Auxiliary Bank , Leicester .. .. .. .. .. l 9 0 First Branch of Land Company , Leicester .. 2 0 0 T . Phice , Manager .

      The Liberty Fund . Mrjeffrie3 .. U 12 9 ...

      THE LIBERTY FUND . MrJeffrie 3 .. u 12 9 Newcastle , M . _Leeiz , George Jude .. 0 8 5 Heap .. 8 9 0 Todmorden _, R . Kentish Town „ V 5 0 Close .. 1 S 5 £ 3 3 8 John M'CbaE , Secretary .

      For Families Of Victims. Received By W. ...

      FOR FAMILIES OF VICTIMS . RECEIVED BY W . RIDES . New-castle Char- _Briatol _, per V »\ tists . per M . Hjatt .. 0 ID 0 _Jude 0 6 9 Cheltenham _So-Halsti-ad _, per R . ciety of _Shoe-Vajne .. 0 5 0 makers , per E , _Pilliington , per Sherland .. 1 0 0 J . Eastwood .. 8 6 0 Leicester , a Few A Few Friends , _Shareholders , _Brown-itono- per Z . Astill 0 2 0 g . ite Factory , Ditto , a Few Leu-ester „ 0 10 8 Females , per M . Galley , Yentnor 0 0 6 Mrs Astill .. 0 4 0 ' . £ 3 i 11 . ¦ J RECEIVED AT LAND OFFICE . _Bloomebui-y Lo > - j _.-r- , Cromhers , cality , late of and Friends .. 0 3 5 the _Uratw Tree 0 4 0 M . C . Mowl ., 0 0 5 Mr C . Brett , Florist 0 2 6 £ 0 7 11 RECEIVED BT J . H ' CIUE . Cup . _ir Angus , _De . ncaster , Anno Charles Don 0 3 9 Swift .. 0 0 6 £ 0 i J

      For Dlt M'Douall's Defence. Recuivtd Bv ...

      FOR _Dlt _M'DOUALL'S DEFENCE . _RECUIVtD BV W . RIDER . Barrhead , per _Halsteud , perR . J . Kusstll .. 0 5 0 l _' _nyue .. 0 2 0 % e " ? , '> psr M- Slwwy Row , > Y . Norman 0 16 County Durham , per T . fllakey .. 0 7 7 TO EXEMPT MR JOSE 8 PB _6 M OAKCM PICKING _" _Piml-co , per _H . Cole o ' 5 0 Mm _jones' conveiance fcnd . Two Chartists , Vale of _Leveun „ .. o 1 0

      Fe. Executive Notice. In Future All Moni...

      fe . EXECUTIVE NOTICE . In future all monies and correspondence for the Executive of the National Charter Association must lie directed to John M'Crae , National Land Office , Ml , High Holborn . It is hoped all parties will attend to this , and make no monies payable to John Sewell _, except paid exclusivel y for Liberty Fund . John M'Crae , Secretary .

      Defence Fund. Received By Wm. Ridku. £ S...

      DEFENCE FUND . Received by Wm . _Ridku . £ _s . d . Amount already published ... ... 314 7 J A Liver ot Liberty , _PUton Fells ... ... 0 2 S F S , _H ., Kent „ g 6 w . Pulieyn , Yoik , per W , Crowttur ... 0 2 _U C E p _* ortb , York 0 5 0 _N _' _atieaal Charter _Association , York ... 0 5 0 _eukington , per J . Eastwood . „ „ . 0 6 9 Coventry , per IV . Ho 6 ier ... ... 8 6 0 Bridlington , per J V . ckerraan ... \\\ 0 2 0 J . K ., _auEigllshCrurtia ! , Bdfa » t " ... 0 5 0 nil £ 316 10 1

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), Aug. 26, 1848, page 4, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns3_26081848/page/4/