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TO THE WORKING MEN. *
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Msl Ms Bear Fkiexds,—I presume reports w...
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a forogn in tenuEtnce
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FRANCE. Tnuxsv or Louis Philippe axd his...
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.Roberta.— must throw myself on the com ...
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AND NATIONAL TRADES' JOURNAL. VOL. VIII....
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&rafo«P Mrjbementsi
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Public Meeting of the Miners op Auckland...
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Ihe lwe Colonel Rusotrooke.- Colonel Rus...
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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To The Working Men. *
TO THE WORKING MEN . *
Msl Ms Bear Fkiexds,—I Presume Reports W...
Msl Ms Bear Fkiexds , —I presume reports will be sent ¦ the _# the splendid meetings we hare had at Manchester , toi klstoi kptJrt » - * * ' * and Oldham , on Sunday , MoBday , ues 4 _lu' _^ y > _andW' _^* iS _day—matings such , as I never sew si _gsw surpassed for number and enflmsiaism _, not even j IS is 1839 or 1 S 42 . When I tell you that flie immense ¦ _arpe Carpenters' Hall -was crammed on a Sunday in June , sew early as fire o ' cloek , to Bear an address from a _dea- _'deaonnced tralto ? " at half-past six , and that the Ian c barse * ¦ " - "•» _^ ant 1 _^ d _* _. you must think flat we are iotq not quite dead , nor even "sot . " My presence in
• the '' thchiveof industry" was never more needed than at ; he : the present time : andl will tell you why . The lam ! James BiU who has been abusing me in UoycTs Ncws prqri pupir , a » d who is the proponnder ofthe "National l _^ c land and Building Plan , " the promoter of the "Se "Seventy-hve Assurance _Assor-mtion , " has erer been j si a sly as * - * - of tne Anti-Cor a Law League , pushing jug their principles , and promoting their cause , und tinder tie mask of _CSiartisra . Not the slightest _j-oti _j-otio- _ra _*** cn b ? "V person of his rubbish , until qC qCR _"Li-vn REsroamox Assocutios" was _cstablfe h _& heo : bui the moment the " horse-diesnut" made
its { _igsppearante , then did & e League men urge the « M « Veteran Eefagc Plan" of their man , against the « 1 " U . _vivrnsAt _Redemphos _Plax" proposed by the Con-TC Tflitioc . Hill ' s plan presented no other Taiue to any ot ot ? . - * an tnat of - tBrin S tue people from ouis . Not a a voikhxg man in _England has , or ever Will , take a _sli share in thc _"SeTcnty-fire _^ _saroaiM Association ;" _m n otone : but then _tlieshopkeepeisandieaguerscamc os or . Sunday ie great numbers toturn it to itsintemled p _ptirpo ? e- They told the people that they were for tl the " National Land and Building Plan , " because it _,, tV jtht safest for THEM . "What tenderness ! Howc ever , _wben my letter from the Star was read , setting f forth the cbiects ofthe Hill scheme in Ids own words "
J I _assnre you the tiling was met by one simultaneous 1 _bufct of derisive laughter . I asked for opposition , ] fat could get none . All the shopkeepers walked i Dff chip-fallen , when no one could be found to back iheir "horse-eheaiut . " I do not know the exact number enrolled ; but I do know that I received _hetwen eleven and twelre * pounds for entrance money : which was not a bad beginning . The _L & igue 5 iave circulated a report very _extensircly , that they will give every assistance in their power towards the " Kalioaal Land anil Building Society ;" Ihat is , they arc for domiciling our veterans at their own _txjmsr . in socle booms ofthe socictv ' shouses TO DIRECT ATTENTION FROM THE LAND _^ the _occujyation of which , by _tiiejxeoplc , titey dread .
On _Monday 1 went to Stockport , and had equal success there : sueh a meeting as weshould hare called a "bumper . " even in 1839 . On Tuesday I went to Ashton , and we had onc of the largest meetings I ever _attended in that town . In fact , I had not enough of rules . Thanks , then , to the obstructors . We have , even in tiie calm , revived Chartism . Thc writers iu Lhid , and poor O'Brien , have done us much good . I have bitten tbe workingmen with the right mania now . Instead of 2 , 000 members , we shall
have a good many more before the 1 st of August—and then stop us who can . Four meetings at Midsummer _, on consecutive nights , is Mr seise ofthe _Charted Co-operative Land Association ; besides tlic plea sure of imparting fanning knowledge to you , that you may grow provisions for yourselves , and make your selves independent of all masters , tyrants , and pettifogging newspaper scribes . I shall write more fully next week ; till then , I am , your most faithful Friend , _Feibccs _O'Cossob .
A Forogn In Tenuetnce
_a _forogn in _tenuEtnce
France. Tnuxsv Or Louis Philippe Axd His...
FRANCE . _Tnuxsv or Louis Philippe axd his LvFiMocs GovEnxMExi . — -ThecarpentexssrdRper-astiugintheiv strike for wages , we gather from the Debats that Gor a-nnient hare resolved upon permitting soldiers to be employed in their place . We need hardly remind our readers that , according to the conscription , men of all trades are to be found in the French army _. The Bebats of Wednesday has a most atrocious article defending the resolution ef the Government . The Constitiuiomiel , on the other hand , combats this resolution of the Government ; the following is an extract from its columns : —
We a _* k by what right the military authority should interfere in a subject of competition and freedom of labour : according to what principle of justice , workmen on whom rests the burden of lodging , clothing , and feedin ; llituisdves and their families , should see their wages _disputci by men whom the bud-ret of the state supports ? How could the use ofsoldiers be justified in private works , _conjpleit ' y foreign to their legal destination ? We ask , cau anything be imagined more dangerous titan to place the ariny in face of a mass of workmen in an attitude of _pcrm-mttit hostility , resultiug from this pretension to make it interfere in the . quarrels of masters audworkmen , in order to break in favonr of the former the equilibrium "between thc demands and offers on whieh the regulation of wages depends . Thc army is supported by the produce of the taxes famished in great part by the consunipfiou of the working classes . For the last fifteen years its wellbeing has been augmented by means of the greatest sacrifices imposed on the tax-payers , and the latter never
complain . And when thc workmen , whose wa _^ es remained the same , even when the conditions of liring became more _difficult for every one , demand an increase corresponding with the movement which takes place around thein , a coapention is to be setup against thom , of wluch they _tieniselrespay the expense I When the < juestion regulating tbe forces of the army was to be discussed , the coimnittee on the budget , considering that Hie division for Paris was no longer necessary , in consequence of the completion of the fortifications , wanted to lop off 5000 men ; bnt it was rep lied that the guardians of the fortifications hnperativfcly demanded that tbe garrison of Paris should be so much augmented . Now , it is found that this garrison can witliout inconvenience detacli from its service a sufficient number of men to replace 5000 workmen forming the strike . The Chamber complains loudly of the inactivity of our naval dockyards , and still there is some talk of bringing np carpenters from the seaports to place than at the service of private employers 3
Such are thebittcr fruits of middle-class despotism How the working men of Faris must -wring their hands in agony of spirit when they icflect that it was themselves who , after ponringout their Wood like water for liberty , allowed the scheming shopocrats to instal the Government of thc hypocrite Loins _pKinprE on the -ruins of that of Charges X . And if the w « r"kin * _jmen , driven to despair , should , with _eries for justice , madly throw themselves upon the bayonets of their -grants * myrmidons , there is ready for diem the Paris fortifications to draw t _?* era to a horrible , hopeless massacre . Be it remembered , too that the Cmstitutiomiel ( the _i-. rgan of Thiers ) , which just now , for its own purposs _* _-, is advocating the cause of tbe workmen , was the _fo-eniost of the J-reiicn press in demandim ? the fortifications , with the guilty
foreknowledge that those fortificatioHs were useless to oppose , and not intended to oppose , a foreign foe , but were solelv designed to keep in bondage and _BUscrv ihe enslaved masses . Alas ! how the peo P ' e of Fianee Lave been cheated by thenr gore _aad _sbry-niongcrs . Can they not see that it is not foreign , but domestic enemies they hire to fear ? That it is not" perfidious Albion" tliey have to contend with , but the perfidious scoundrels of their own countrv ; the perfidious middle-class , the perfidious •"• ii ? of that class , perfidious politicians like Guizot and Thiers , and perfidious journalists , the main supp orters of All political perfidy ? These are thc enehute tliat France Las cause to fear ; they _havceaased —aiiil -will a « _ain cause—her sons and daughters to ? eep tears ofhlood through their perfidy and oppres sion .
BELGIUM . The _iLxisn-EiAL Cmsis . _—Bulssels , 3 use 21 . — The Ministerial crisis is not vet at an end , five _Ministers continuing io fill only provisionally their respective posts . The Roval acceptance ofthe resignation of 11 . "Xothoniu was officiallr announced in yesterday ' s Jmitcur . Thebusmc _^ _' ofhisofiiccisattended to « _-i-f ; _aoi * abythe Ministers of Justice and Pubac _Works—the latter taking the commercial _department . The resignation of thc other Ministers was also cScially mentioned ; but they will remain in office until the King's pleasure is further signified . _Banrn _D'fluart is still charged with the honourable and difficult mission of forming a new administration .
SWITZEltLxVM ) . _ESCAFE OF DR . STEIGER . Glorious news has this week reached London from Switzerland , announcing thc escape of Dr . _Steiger from the claws of the Jesuits and their tools . J he Hew Zurich Gazette ofthe 20 th , says— " Br- _. _Stciger has escaped from the prison of Lucerne . This nwra-»»? at two o'clock lie _arrircd at Cironan , and at six o ' clock at Boustellen . Hc was accompanied by two lucerne chasseurs and sonic friends who had favoured lis escape . At a quarter to nine Dr . Steiger entered our town in the midst of general enthusiasm . The Cafe de la Tour Bonge , where he alighted , is so eneumbered , that no one can get near it . The crowd is thronanj' to seebim . "
In relation to the above , GatignanCs 3 & ssengcr gives the following letter from a correspondent at Zurich , dated the 20 Ui : — "Dr . Steiger has , with the connivance of three gendarmes wlioguarded nun , _ttade his escape from prison at Lucerne , and the whole partv , accompanied bv manv friends , arrived "Me about eight o ' clock this morning . It appears
France. Tnuxsv Or Louis Philippe Axd His...
he was provided with a uniform of thc gendarmerie and in this costume passed in eonipauv ofthe others out of the town , entered a carriage in waiting , and passed the frontiers . He remained in Zurich till tnree o clock , whence he took his departure , it is supposed , for Frauenfield , in Turgovia . I hear the plan lor escape had been arranged four weeks since , but no favourable opportunity offered until last night at twelve o clock , when it was effected in the maimer above described . " Later News . —A letter from Zurich , of June 22 , slates that the escape of Dr . Steiger has caused general satisfaction , and deputations from different parts have waited upon him to offer him their congratulations . At Leutzbourg a salute of fortv-four
guns was fired , and at Aarau thercjoicings were kept up during the whole night . The Ifcw Zurich Gazette ot the 21 st , states tliat ia the afternoon of the preceding day , after resting for six Lours , Dr . _Sten-er continued his journey to Frauenfield . All the town went to see him , and his departure bore all the features of & triumph . At Wintcrther , where he passed the night , the crowd around him was as great as at Zurich . His three liberators have sent a letter to the head ofthe police of Lucerne , wliich concludes m the following terms : — "We have accomplished the _^ spontaneous determination of delivering Dr . Steiger . We have had _*&•* ¦ _accomplice in Lucerne Another canton sent us a dozen of general passports , not one of which was serviceable ; but a fortunate circumstance came to our succour . On Monday last the keeper ofthe Tower of Stadler was obliged to go to _Hii-tzkirch , and entrusted his key of Steiger ' s
prison to the under-keeper , Corporal Birrer . He compared this key with , nine ofthe twelve others , and found that one of them required only a slight alteration to open thc door , which alteration was made , and succeeded . Tou need not , therefore , seek for any other accomplice . We say this only tb save _s-. nv other person from being uselessly tormented . " Thisletter is signed— " Kaufmann , ancient Serjeant ; J 03 . Birrer , corporal ; _H . Hoffman . " Later News . —Persecution- of the Communists . —A letter from _Neufchatel , June 22 , states that a Communist Club had been discovered in a village near Lacbaux . Two Communists' publications had been seized . Several arrests have taken place in eon-¦ equence . The wife of Dr . Steiger underwent an examination on the 21 st , before the council of Lucerne , for the purpose of ascertaining whether she had taken any part in the arrangements for the escape of her husband , but was iinmediately afterwards set at iberty .
TURKEY . _Co-vsTASTLVorLE , Juxe 4—A few days back the old Emir Bechir , of Syria , was banished from thc capital to a small town near Tocat , in the mountains of Asia Minor—a sentence which was executed after the most approved Turkish fashion of silence , politeness , and expedition . Half an hour ' snotice or so was given him that he was _required to change his abode , and at the time appointed he was handed into a ka ' ik _, landed at Scutari , and thereon at once commenced his pilgrimage to the interior . When the news reached Pera the French Embassy is said to have loudly expressed its opinion as to the arbitrary natureof the procedure . The Emir , it iswcUknown was one of its select proteges . But it soon appeared there was no remedy . The Porte , on being applied to , produced proofs of a treasonable eorrespondenee
having been carried on of late between the Emir and a party among ihe nialccmtents in Syria . Situate where we are , it cannot , I think , besaid that Turkish usages , though absolute , are at all times objectionable . On the 27 th ult . the British Ambassador reiterated in urgent terms in a note to thc Porte the request for a firman tc permit ofa Protestant church being built at Jerusalem . ' Ii is easy to explain the long delay which has hitherto occurred in this matter . Syria , as of old , is the battle-field for religious strife , and where the question of empire may still be decided bythe conflict of creeds . France and Russia , actuated by politicalmotivcs , each have vast religious interests to defend in Syria , and are alike adverse to the progress ofa new element . It is this opposition which has hitherto impeded the negotiation ; nor does it appear likely that it will soon be overcome .
SYRIA . Tue _Civri . War . —Accounts from Beyrout of the 24 th , represent the state of Mount Lebanon as worse and worse . Every day a contest took place between the Druses and Maronites with varying success . The Armenian Christians are represented as undergoing persecution ; and , although torture has been abolished throughout the Turkish empire , a young Greek was at Gandia lately tortured to such a degree that he died of his sufferings .
CANADA . _BBEilira . EX & E TS QUEBEC . Liverpool , Tuesday Afternoon . —Wc have two days' later news frem America this afternoon , brought by the packet ship Cambridge . We regret to say that we thus obtain intelligence of anawfuJly destructive fire in Quebec , Canada , particulars of wliich are thus given in a letter published in the New Fork Coxnxxiercial Advertiser : — Quebec , May 29 . —At half-past eleven o ' clock yesterday morning the alarm of fire was given , when the tannciT in St . Valliere-street , owned and worked
by Mr . Richardson , was discovered to be in ftames , originating , as we heard , in some way from the burst ing ofa boiler . The day was remarkably warm , and the heat and di * yness of thc few days previous had rendered the roofs ofthe buildings in the neighbourhood , and those more remote , highly susceptible of ignition . The adjoiningand opposite dwellings were soon involved , and in an inconceivably short space of time the burning flakes , carried afar by the than rising wind , had ignited some buildings in the neighbourhood of the St . Rock ' s church—a considerable distance from the outbreak of the fire .
The wind gradually freshened from the west , with a coming storm , and it was soon evident that all human endeavours to arrest the progress ofthe fire , in a locale studded for the most part with wooden buildings , alone would be useless—an impression but too fatally verified . Qnwardsweptthe flames—street after street fell before them . A speciesof whirlwind seemed to aid its fatal advances—for in advance , in the rear , on every side , the raging element developed itself with momentarily increasing fury . Spots that to the shrieking and affrighted refugee were now ap . parently safe , in a few miuutcs subsequent wcre ia a vast sheet of flames . Froin eleven in thc morning till midnig ht did this dread fire hold _uninten-upted sway , until its career was arrested in St . Charles-street—nearly onc mile fromtheplace of its outbreak ! Atthe brondestpoint the breadth of the burnt district is about one-third of a mile .
Between 1500 and 2000 houses aresupposed to have been consumed , and it is calculated that 12 , 000 persons ( one third of the population ) are this day houseless . Most of those people have lost their ail , the rapid advance , and sudden capricious direction taken bv the flames , not only rendering it impossible to save any portion of the property in the dwellings , but in a vast number of instances barely allowing the inmates sufficient time to escape living . The chureh in St . Roch ' s is iu ashe 3 . The convent is saved . St . Peter ' s chapel is also burnt . The large
brewing establishments of Messrs . Lloyd and Lcpper and M'Cullum are consumed , and the line of wharfs from Munn ' s to the one at thefootof Hope Hill . On these were an immense quantity of deals , which wcrc _aftconswnoi . , At this point the fire was arrested by throwing down the piles of deals , and , on the town side , by blowing up two houses . This operation was conducted bv Lieut . Colonel Waree , of the Royal Engineere , and some ofthe officers and men under his command . ....
The steamer Charlevoix and the ships on the stocks were all saved . Various rumours are afloat as to the number ot lires lost . Wc have seen seven crisped and mutilated remains . Of these two wcre mothers witli theninfants clasped to their bosoms . It is feared that many victims as yet unknown will be soon discovered . In the Upper Town several houses were on fire . — Thc artillery barrack was three times in danger , as also several private dwellings . . A meeting was convened yesterday evening , and thc bakers ordered to commence the supply necessary for the relief of those distressed . This day relief was
extended to about 3000 persons . , Atan adjourned mectiug of thatof last night weare informed that thc extremely Iiandsome sum of upwards of 2 S / I 00 dols . was subscribed . ; the list beinc still open . We also learn that the Koman _Cathohc bishon _^> f the diocese has _issuedcireulai-s to his clergy , direeting them to collect donations of every description in aid ofthe sufferers . . , Among the public buildings destroyed ave two Methodist churches . , Manv persons have been severely burned-among them the Editor ofthe Canadian , who has lost every thing he possessed . . , . . . , ., Mr . J . B . Bigaonette , a magistrate , is injured , it is fearedmortally . ...
, We learn from an extra ofthe Herald that its correspondent in Quebec has lost his daughter , a young ladrof twelve years of age , " who , being sick , was carried to the Palace ( the residence of the former intendants ) to whieh it was hoped at the time the hre would not extend , but which was entirely consumed ,
France. Tnuxsv Or Louis Philippe Axd His...
there being at the time many sick persens in it , taken there for safety , w hom it was found impossible to save . ** The Canadian of Thursday , notwithstanding the suffenngsof its Editor , contains fuU details o ? the catastrophe . It estimates tho insurance at £ 25 , 000 to £ 30 , 000 in the Quebec , £ 20 , 000 to £ 30 , 000 in the Canada , £ 2 , 500 in the London Phoenix . We have heard of some others , but not considerable . Twelve thousand peisons are at this moment deprived of the means of existence—are homeless , famishing , and destitute . The first duty is to provide for their immediate physical wants . The
Catnone _cisnop ol Montreal ,. thc Seminary , and the Hotel Dieu , each forwarded , we understand , £ 500 by yesterday s evening steam-boat . The provincial Government lias also acted with a judicious humanity , which , we arc sure , will meet witii general approbation . At a meeting of the Executive Council , yesterday , his Excellency the Governor-General , under then- advice , directed an order for £ 2000 , to be drawn iii favour ofthe Mayor of Quebec , and despatched by the evening ' s mail to meet their immediate necessity , until the whole matter , and the extent to which it- is proper for thc Government in the vacation of Parliament to interfere , may receive full consideration .
iii the City of Montreal a feeling of profound sympathy , wliich we are convinced will not be barren , prevails . The Mayor of Montreal was one of the spectators of the destruction , and , returning to" the city yesterday morning , took immediate measures for arranging a meeting of the inhabitants , which will be held to-day , at one o ' clock , in the Parliament House . A preliminary meeting of the clergy of the different denominations-will be held in the moniin "
_EXTHACT FBOM A PRIVATE LETTER . _-. , , Quebec , May 29 th . " Eighteen schooners were burnt at the Palais , also a new vessel . Munn ' s shipyard is completer ? destroyed . The whole of St . Roch ' s is a mere wilderness of chimneys _. The loss of property has also been attended with considerable loss of life . It is coniectured that not less than 100 persons have perished . The value " of buildings and moveables may be £ 400 , 000 , of which but a small portion is insured , say £ 60 , 000 . The Mutual 1 nsurancc Company was in existence in St . Roch ' s , but all parties are involved in ruin . Dry goods people will be great sufferers . It is estimated that £ 70 , 000 of new goods have been sold to St . Roch ' s storekeepers since the arrival of the vessels . In fact , every person must suffer more or less .
( _Tvom . crootJier private letter . ) Quebec , May 29 , 1845 . —Nothing left , from where you begin to descend Cote les Braz at Tonrangeau _' s , running down the large street towards the Marine Hospital ; everything on the right until you reach the water , thence to the two distilleries , M'Calluni's ana _\ Lloyd's , these included , is destroyed ; the fire ending , or rather being arrested , at the point Where the roads __ St . Paul-street and Hone-lull diverge . The loss in round numbers cannot lie easily ascertained , but half a million will not cover the losses , nor perhaps £ _? _50 , 000 . The losses by the mercantile lower town people will be heaw . Almost all the bakers . ire _hurnod nni _
M'Conkey , Clarihue , Tourangeau , & c , and nothing saved . What renders matters more disastrous is , not one house in ten in St . Roch ' s was insured , and those insured are principally at thc Mutual Insurance Company , wliich being composed of persons residents of St . Roch ' s , the company is defunct , for if onc man owes his neighbour 10 s ., and his neighbour owes him 10 s ., and neither have wherewith to pay , both arc ruined . Very many lives have been lost . " SLv . bodies werc , this morning , taken out of the church which fell a prey to the fire . The Convent was saved with great difficulty , although the distance between tliem is very large , but such was thc rapidity ofthe raging element .
Another letter gives further particulars , acquainting us with pecuniaiy aid _prorngtly rendered to thc sun-Brers * Montreal ( C . E . ) , May 31 , 1 S 45 . —Thc dreadful conflagration at Quebec is thc all-absorbing topic of interest here at present , thc principal details of which will have reached you by this time . Every exertion is making in this city to alleviate the distress of the unfortunate sufferers . The provincial government sent down by last night ' s mail £ 2000 for their immediate necessities , the Catholic Bishop , Seminary , and Hotel Dieu each forwarded £ 500 , and it is said that Lord Metcalfe has also sent a donation of 500 dollars . Meetings will be held this day of the citizens , clergy Odd Fellows , aud almost every public body , to devise immediate measures for prompt relief .
The scene of the conflagration is described by eye witnesses as having been perfectly awful ; men , women , aud children , absolutely bewildered by the almost instantaneous combustion of their dwellings , and in their efforts to escape from the flames as often rushing into the midst of danger and destruction as obtaining safety . The loss of liunian life must have been very great , but as yet only twelve bodies have been recovered . One painful incident was the destruction of the hospital , to which , as being considered entirely out of the reach of the conflagration , numbers of sick persons of all classes wcre carried , when , melancholy to relate , the building became ignited by the flakes of fire carried from the distance by the wind ; thc unfortunate inmates , unable to help themselves , perished miserably . The total loss has been variously estimated at from 1 , 600 , 000 dollars to 3 , 000 , 000 dollars .
BRAZIL AND THE RIVER PLATE . The American journals brought to Liverpool on Tuesday , by _. the Cambridge , contain advices from Rio Janeiro and Rio Grande to the end of April . It is said that Mr . Gore Ouselcy had touched at Rio , on his way to the Plata , and that he had endeavoured to obtain the co-operation of Brazil to force Rosas to open the communication with Paraguay , by way of the Parana , to British commerce . Mr . Ouseley sailed for Buenos Ayres , in the Firebrand steamer , on the 22 nd April , and it was reported that if Rosas did
not comply he would be blockaded . Thc troops of Riviera and their followers , who had passed the Brazilian frontier after that chiefs defeat at India Muerta , by Urquiza , had been disarmed by the Brazilian commandant on the frontier ; but Riviera himself was still at the head of a force of some strength ; this force he intended to unite with Otliei bodies of his troops not engaged at India Muerta , and he was expected to resume operations in the Banda Oriental . His recent reverse was a mere dispevsion—very few were killed .
UNITED STATES . Fiue is New York . —The New York p apers , brought by the ship Cambridge , contain particulars of a destructive fire in that city , by whicli upwards oi onc hundred houses were totally consumed . This fire seems to nave been in a quarter __ wliere property is not so valuable as in many districts of thc city , and the houses were small . It is said to have been the work of an incendiary . The Factory System is America . —The annual statistics of several Factories show thc following facts : —
1844 1845 Capital dols . 10 , 500 , 000 dols . 11 , 000 , 000 No . ef Spindles 192 , 3 * 76 204 , 000 No . of Females 7 , 430 1 , 000 "Wages per week , dols . 200 dols . 175 Yards per week 1 , 435 , 450 1 , 500 , 000 Dividends 4 * 12 i The above statement shows that the capital of 11 , 000 , 000 _dellars employed in Lowell gives employment to only 7 , 000 females at 1 , 75 dollars per week . That although the quantity of cloth manufactured per week is largely increased , the number of operatives are diminished . This is effected by the improvements which have been made in machinery . The dividends in 1845 are almost 200 per cent .
greater than m 1 S 44 , whilst the wages of the females are 12 1-2 per cent . less . This is the natural result of the state of things in New England . The more wealth becomes concentrated in a few bands , thc poorer the great mass becomes . By the opening of a cheap transportation to the East for the agricultural products of the fertile West , the farmers on their poor laud could not compete with tbe Western fanners . The product-- of their poor land scarce paying for _cultiv-i _* _j--i , thc consequence of which was , the wages paid for labour became low . In this state of things the bounty offered to manufactures by the tariff , induced many of the most wealthy men in New England to invest their capital in manufactures , which , whe * a the tariff has been high , proved exceedingly profitable , concentrating
immense wealth m tho hands of a few , - whilst tin labouring part of the community has increased rapidly until the demand for employment exceeds the want ofthe employer-* , which has enabled them to reduce the wages ofthe operatives , whilst their own profits were very largely increased , and this reduction of wages must continue to go on with the increase of that class of society who depend on employment for subsistence , until they arrive at a point which will barely afford such necessaries as will enable the huiuam system to undergo its daily toil . It is worthy of remark that the erection of manufactories for a time increased the price of labour by tbe increased demand it caused for labourers , yet from thisitcannot be inferred that the profits of the employer implies a high or even a fair price for labour , as the in-
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creased profits and decreased wages in the above table proves . The prices of labour as of merchandise are governed by the relative proportion between supply and demand , and in the case of Lowell the supply must exceed the demand , as we think the poor girl can have but little of her 1 , 75 dols . per week left to clothe perself with after paying for her board and washing . —Daily Commercial . It is not many years since I recollect boasts that the wages of the girls in the factory districts were from three to six dollars a week , and that , too , when paper money was less expanded than now in proportion tothe population ( and this expansion of paper money , _orcharitable agreement of the poor to make the rich richer by paying them interest ou what tbey oxve , must always be kept in mind wlien / sneaking ol the price ef wages ) . Now , poor men ' s daughters , being more plenty in consequence of the natural oi tne
increase landless population , arc enticed or necessitated to go to thc facteries , and toil there twelve or fourteen hours a day for 1 , 75 dollars a week ; and the daughters of those girls would , inevitablv , under the operation of the present system , be compelled to labour for two thirds or half that amount . But this monstrous system must bo changed . The " Operatives" will claim thc right to go back to the green earth ; the right will be acceded ; and then thc capitalist and labourer , each standing on his own soil , can make a much more amicable and far mor e equitable arrangement than subsists between them at present . All short of this is mere palliative . En . Young Amer ica . Later News . —Arrival of the Great Westers . — LivEneoot , Friday Morsiko , Four o'Clock . — The Great Western arrived at two o ' clock this morning , liaving been telegraphed yesterday evening , bringing papers to the iyth instant .
Wo . _VDERFUL _LaXB SLIDE IX TIIE _ToiVJT OP WARSAW , Ulster Coukty . —A correspondent , writing from Ulster , says : — " Never , within the recollection of our oldest citizens , has nature given such awful demonstrations of her freaks in this vicinity as _hapiiened here a few weeks since . On the night of the 3 rd of May last a large tract of land , comprising a portion of the farms of J . H . B . Dimond and James G . Bruyn _, broke loose , and was carried by thc force of its own gravity about 160 yards , carrying with it fruit trees and various others of large size , some still standing in their upright position ; others torn from their beds and scattered iu most beautiful confusion . What has caused this rupture no one has as yet ascertained . Nought was heard of the move ' of this mass of matter , save , as one of the neighbours
says , he heard the sound of a ' rushing night wind . ' The first intimation we had of anything uncommon having taken place was , that the llondout Creek , below the slide , on the following morning , was completely dry . On our arrival at the place we found that the earth had broken loose about thirty feet from the stage road Ieailing from _Kingston to Wortsboro ' , running parallel with the road for about 120 yards , forming a chasm at the point wliere it started of about 100 feet perpendicular , the whole body containing about 80 acres of land . In its passage it crossed the llondout stream , literally clearing the bed of all obstructions , and depositing its contents to the height of about fifteen feet in thc bed of the stream for about 100 yards , forming a dam at onc dash across the whole stream , impervious as masonry could make
it . The waters above proved what has always been considered impossible—namely , their powers of running ' up stream . ' This it continued to do for the distance of about two miles , to a place called Hixon's dam , where , after finding its level , it recoiled ; with the help of human hands , and its own powers , it forced its passage through the adjoining lands , to find its old channel below . " Later still . —Arrival of the Cambria . —Liverpool , Friday Afternoon . —The Cambria steamer has arrived , having performed the quickest passage known between America and England . She sailed from Boston a few minutes before four on the afternoon of thc 16 th inst ., and from Halifax at twenty minutes past ten on thc morning of the 18 th , and arrived in thc Mersey , abreast of Liverpool , precisely
at a quarter past four this movnuig . In the advices brought by this vessel we do not find that anything has occurred to alter the state of American relations with Mexico ; matters remain just as when the Great Western left . Three Murders . —The Vieksburg _JF % of 27 th ult . gives thc particulars of a shocking affair on the Mississippi River , near Natchez . A river trader , known as Colonel Dawson , or Dorsey , in descending the river with the remnant of a stock of merchandise , and two females , whose names or characters are not known , had picked up somewhere in Arkansas , a man who so far insinuated himself into his confidence as to get permission to travel on the boat , and had continued cither as a passenger or sort of an
assistant , until they reached the neighbourhood of Water proof , where they wero engaged in a quarrel , which ended in his being dismissed from the boat , with imprecations and threats of vengeance . Tliis occurred some time during the day on Saturday , and on Sunday morning , about three o'clock , tho boat was discovered on fire , drifting down . The negroes in thc neighbourhood succeeded in drawing it ashore and suppressing the fire , when a spectacle presented itself too horrible to contemplate . Dorsey was found lying in his berth , with his feet burnt off , and his head and face shockingly mutilated , with blows apparently dealt with an axe , and the two girls on the opposite side in a like condition . The monster was pursued , and committed to answer .
.Roberta.— Must Throw Myself On The Com ...
. Roberta . — must throw myself on the com have to and the witn _JA & j & _huttc _rf / . . Roberta . — must throw myself on the com _Csc _^ S- _^ t _^^ t
And National Trades' Journal. Vol. Viii....
AND NATIONAL TRADES' JOURNAL . VOL . VIII . NO . 398 . LONDON , SATUEDAY JUNE * 9 « i _& i < 5 _-p _" _^ _i-ivjepjenc- * ov ' miU 1 , - - _* l _> OUnih JO , _1 O 40 . Fire 8 _WW 0 » and Sixpence per _onnrti *
&Rafo«P Mrjbementsi
_& rafo _« P _Mrjbementsi
Public Meeting Of The Miners Op Auckland...
Public Meeting of the Miners op Auckland District . —A public meeting of the Miners of the above district , which was called by printed placards , was held on Cockton-hill , near Bishop Auckland , on Saturday , June 21 st * , and considering the disadvantage under which the men were placed by their oppressive employers , was well attended . The " coal kings" exerted themselves to the utmost to prevent their slaves from attending the meeting . One , who calls himself the " most eminent viewer in the two counties" ( save the mark !) , issued out an imperious mandate , that " if any man attended a Union meeting he should be immediately discharged . " Others employed themselves in the honourable occupation of pulling down the bills calling the meeting , and
burning them it they could lay hands on one m any House . As a climax , they set all the colliers to work on the Saturday , though it was pay-day , and though it is contrary to the established rule to work on that day . Lidced , one colliery refused to pay the men at all , though three weeks' wages were due . The owner of this colliery is Mr . M'Lean , one of the members either for th e city or county of Oxford . The coalowners can lay their pits idle when they please , and they often do so , three or four days each fortnight . Still thc men dare not complain ; but ifany man absents himself from the p it when they think proper to set thc colliery on , he is fined 2 s . 6 d . It will , therefore , be plainly seen what their object was in setting the ' colleiies to work on the day of the meeting . But even all this did not avail them ; for , to their extr eme mortification , hundreds attended . Mr . M . Scott , one ofthe lecturers ofthe Miners' Association ,
was appointed to take the chair . He opened the meeting by reading thc placard calling thesame . He then delivered a sensible address on the " Utility of Trades Unions , and on the present and future prospects of the Mind's' Association . " He then introduced Mr . Danielis , Editor of the Mncrs' AdVQMC , who delivered a lengthened and energetic address " On the advantage of , and benefits to bo derived from , a Consolidated Union of the Trades of Great Britain . " He also reviewed thc report of Messrs . Faraday and Lyall on the ventilation of coal mines , the eoalowneis' reply , and the rejoinder of the Government commissioners . His remarks on thc advantage ofa National Trades Union evidently made a great impression on the meeting , and were well received . The chairman again shortly addressed the meoting , and after giving three cheers for Union , and votes of thanks to the speakers , it quietly
broke up . Printers' Almshouses . —On Monday evening a meeting was held in the theatre of the Mechanics ' Institute of the friends and subscribers towards the building of almshouses for decayed printers . The meeting was presided over by Luke Hansard , Esq ., who not only ably advocated the cause of the association , but was announced as a subscriber ofthe liberal sum of £ 50 . The report , wliich was read by the hon . secretary , was of a highly gratifying nature , proving in the most satisfactory manner that the object which the committee have so assiduously prosecuted for the last four years will , ere long , be fully realised , and another of those benevolent institutions be erected which reflect so much honour upon the working men
of the present day . The report contained one statement whicli cannot but prove interesting to every benevolent mind . It is that an individual , whose circumstances enabled him to retire from business , has returned to it with the intention of devoting the whole ofthe money which lie may earn to charitable purposes , the largest portion to the Printers Almshouses . The first subscription announced ireni ttois benevolent individual was £ 10 . The amount of subscriptions and donations , and the result ot entertainments , received since the last report , was announced to be £ 355 2 s . This , added to the money previously in hand , makes £ 1475 15 s . 3 d . The meeting was addressed by several gentlemen ana "memcere ot the trade ,
Public Meeting Of The Miners Op Auckland...
A Delegate Meeting of the United Tailors ' Protection Society , comprising the Manchester district , was held on last Sunday , at the Wilton Arms , Mayes-strcet , Manchester ; delegates from the following towns attended * . —Mr . Jones , Manchester ; Mr . _M'Namara , Bolton ; Mr . Leach , Hyde ; Mr . Leonard , Sta ! rbridge ; Mr . M'Gratii , Ashton-muler-Line ; Mr . Steple , Middleton . Shortly after two o ' clock Mv . Barker , general secretary , arrived from Liverpool , and took liis seat with the delegates . Mr . _Leach being elected chairman , the transaction of business commenced . Mr . Barker gave an account of his mission to Liverpool , which was most cheerjng _, when he mentioned that 1 , 100 men of thc trade in that town arc about to join the Protection Society .
file levies , according to ninth article of general laws , were paid to the general secretary . The following propositions were then discussed : —First , — " In the event of a strike taking place , according to the eighteenth and nineteenth articles , in any part ofthe union , is the Manchester district prepared to obey the Executive in any-levy they may think proper to make from the Protection Fund in support of such strike ?'' Mr . Barker arose again to explain the object of the Executive in sending the proposition to Manchester for the consideration of the different sections . The men of Birmingham having made application for the toleration of a strike against Hymn , the Jew , the delegates evinced a most sanguine desire to assist the men of Birmingham in any just strike . He wished to suggest that they think a strike at present injudicious , inasmuch as the trade
is not sufficiently organised to defeat unprincipled capitalists—but , if a strike takes place , the Manchester r _ffsiWcnviU do its duty . Second . "Do the sections in the district set apart , according to the third and twenty-first articles , the sum there specified to form the Protection Fund ? " The answer of the delegates was in the affirmative , with the exception of the Manchester delegate , who promised that they would comply with the laws in future . Third , — " Is each section prepared to support the Tailors'Advocate , and what are the orobable numbers thev can take weekly ? " The answer was " yes , " butthe number of copies required by each section was postponed until the next meeting , as the Advocate will not be published until October . Fourth . " Is each section prepared to give a correct return of numbers and money according to thc ninth article , to enable the Executive to come to a right conclusion of the amount of support they can give when demanded ? " The
answer was " yes . " The fifth proposition was , — " If any other society in the trade vetuscd to release the protection cards ? " Thc answer was " no . " The delegate from Ashton arose aud gave an account of the " great bear" of that town , Mr . Bernard , who , in defiance of the society , has commenced thc cursed system of " sweating" again . The delegates asked if tliey could devise any means to put a stop to Bernard ' s out-door workers ? Mr . Leach said he could see no means except to call a public meeting and make an appeal to the trades and factory operatives of the town not to support a man that reduced wages , or did not _"Jcomply with the just demand of the men . It was then agreed to that Mi * . Parker and Mr . Leach attend a meeting in Ashton . Mr . Leach was elected district secretary , it was then moved by Mr . M'Grath , and seconded by Mr . _M'Namoca , that thc next meeting be held at Bolton , in September next . Thanks having been voted to thc chairman , the meeting dissolved .
Knaresbro' Turnouts . —The Handloom Weavers of this place are still out , and all arc seemingly determined to stand firm until they __ get their just demands . The masters still continue " obstinate . Messrs . John Dooker and S . Buck waited upon the Flax-dressers and others of Clifford on Tuesday night , and were kindly received , and a liberal subscription was entered into immediately ; they further promised to support us as long as our struggle continues . We have received aid from York , Leeds , and Barnsley , % which we return our grateful thanks . We must solicit thc further aid of our friends , for a week or two , at the expiration of which we feel confident wc shall be successful . Address ) Samuel Buck , Secretary , Committee Room , Old Elephant and Castle Inn , Market-place ,
Knarcsborough , Yorkshire . [ Wo again urge upon our friends thc Handloom Weavers in different pavts of thc country , who may have not yet responded tothe appeal of their Knaresborough brethren , to do so without delay . We know , that no body of meu in England have more boldly contended for the rights of industry than thc Knavsborough weavers ; they deserve , therefore , now that they are engaged in hot conflict with their enemies , to be supported with all the resources the trade can command . Thc struggle _ofthemenoflinarsborough is a struggle not only for themselves , but also for their trade and their class . Let that trade and class , then , fsupport them . Ed . N . S . ]
To the Trades and _Pitblic Generally . — The Coal Miners late in the employ of Messrs . Swire and Lees , respectfully give notice that they intend to take a Hut at the races about to be held in Liverpool ; and also at those about to be held at Newton in the Willows ; and they appeal with confidence to the operative classes generally for their kind support , as the proceeds will be faithfully appropriated towards thc support of upwards of 240 men , avIio , for resisting the tyrannical niandatcsof their late employers , have been compelled to walk the streets during the last eighteen weeks .
Dublin Shoemakers . —A meeting of the Ladies Shoemakers of Dublin was held in Mr . Lube ' s . room , Golden-lane , on Monday evening , to hear an address from Mr . Smyth , on the formation of an Association in Dublin , in union with the English Mutual Assistance Association . Mr . Charles Power occupied the chair , who called on Mr . Smyth to explain liis mission . The rules having been read and explained by Mr . Smyth , a discussion followed , which ended in arrangements being made to call district meetings , on Monday the 30 th , and an aggregate meeting of the trade on Monday , the 7 th of July . The thanks of tho meeting were tendered to the delegate and chairman , and the meeting separated .
ROCHDALE . Important to Trade Societies . —At the Rochdale Petit Sessions , on Monday , a most important case came on , arising out of a strike with the men in the employ of Messrs . Ladyman and Holt , extensive builuevs _, _OWham-roail . In the beginning of May a strike took placo for wages with the above masters * , and one James NcviU , an aged man , stood out with the rest of the men , though not a member of the Union . We understand that this man was at that time one ofthe principal officers of the Joiners ' Society , _^ and when the first strike took place , he made himself very prominent , although he would not pay to the funds of the society . The masters agreed to give the required advance , and the men returned to
work . Shortly afterwards , Ncvill demanded of thc men his share of the funds , and taunted them with defrauding him of his proportionate share of those funds whicli he refused to pay to . The men consulted together , and agreed to pay the demand providing he would join the trade society . He , in an indignant manner , refused , setting the men at defiance . The consequence was , the men struck work on thc 9 th inst ., on the ground tliat he refused to join the society . Messrs . Ladyman and Holt applied to the bench for summonses for thirteen men , for leaving work without notice , and the case was brought before thc court on Wednesday last . Mr . Roberts , "the _Coal-minci'S ' Attorney-General , " was specially engaged for the defence ; and from that gentleman ' s unavoidable
absence , application was made to the magistrates for the case to stand over to some future day , which was refused . The men thereupon refused to attend to the summons , and warrants were granted against them , and Monday fixed for the hearing . The court was crowded to excess . Even the avenues and adjoining street , were densely crowded by people anxious to hear the result of the investigation . The _magistrates onthe bench were , Clement Royds , Esq . ( chairman ) , W . Ciiadwiek , and H . Kelsall , Esqrs . Mr . Hunt , solicitor , appeared for the complainant ; and Mr . Roberts for the defendants . The case first
called on was that of James Dawson . Mr . Ladyman was sworn . —He said the defendant had worked for the firm six or seven years . They had given him 20 s . a week as a carpenter and joiner . He was engaged by the week . They had raised his wages twice , from 20 s . to 24 s ., which last rise took place on the 5 th of May . He absented himself from work on Monday the 9 th inst ., at dinner hour , _without notice . By the Bench . —We pay wages on the Saturday night , for thc number of days he worked . The defendant came on Saturday night , the 14 th , and demanded half a day ' s wage . There arc thirteen men on strike .
By Mr . Roberts . —How long has the defendant worked for yon ? Six or seven years . —Has he been out of work during that time ? Yes ; sometimes he has worked short _. tirae . —When hc worked short time , did he consult you ? Ne ; he has worked four or five days , according to our wants and circumstances . — When did you tell him that you had not full work , and tbat he must be a day or two idle ? Sometimes on Monday , for the week which was going on , when we had not sufficient work . —Am I to understand your answer to my question , that the men _nviglit work four or five da ys ?—The witness appeared confused , and Mr . Hunt said that the question did not require an answer .
Public Meeting Of The Miners Op Auckland...
I a duty -perform ; ess mus answer tbe question himself .-By the Bench . —The men turned out on the 5 th of May , and on _tlieT fch they resumed work . We paid them far the number of days they worked . Mr . Roberts . —If they only worked two or three days , you only paid them for it ? Certainly . By Mi * . Kelsall . —Did the men ever Jose two days ? Yes , by their own neglect-Mr . Roberts . —When work was slack , did vou ever discharge the men ? I never discharged the men , only at the end of thc week . —Then oil a Saturday you told them you lad no further need of them ? Certainly . —And tint was all the notice you gave them ? Yes . —When Dawson entered your employ , nothing was said about notice ? No . —Nor during the time he was with you ? Wo do not require any weekly notice , nor do we give any : if we do not
want the men we discharge them on Saturday night _. By Mr . Royds . —If he had worked till Saturday you would not have complained ? No . Mr . Chad wick . —You always pay the men on Saturday ? Yes ; nor did I pay Dawson till Saturday night . By Mr . Roberts . _—Whatday do you charge the defendant with absenting himself ? On the 9 th of June . —Supposing you had no work on a Friday or Saturday , would you give him any ? No ; if we . had none we could not , aud he . would , be only entitled to the wages for tho days ho worked . —Supposing you discharged the man " on a Tuesday , and you hud no work for him ? I should not discharge him . —Would you give him work ? I should not if I had none . —
If , in the middle of the week , you had no work , would the man be allowed to go and seek work elsewhere ? Yes . —You arc a good deal acquainted with this neighbourhood : do any of thc master joiners give notice ? I do not know . —You was a working man yourself ? I was . —Were you in : the habit of giving notice before you left your master ' s employ ? I gave no notice . —What sort of work skouhj the _defendant " work at ? _ lie should have been _layingiloors . —Have you a notice in the office , or d | d _^* ou . < 5 _jj [ j \ aiiytlung to Dawson before he left ? Nothingto lum . —Was tliere eyer any agreement ? t _>** _-- . . ¦ ., " . Mr ! Hunt . —I object to that question ; : .. Mr ' . Roberts . —Do yon object ? if you do , -P will sit down and hear your argument . Mr . Hunt—No ; you may go on .
Mr . Roberts . —The Joiners did not contract for a definite term from Saturday to Saturday ; and I ask again , did you ever ask them to make any agreement ? No answer . By the Bench . —Is it a general custom at your shop and at others in this town to make agreements ? Not at ours . By Mr . Roberts . —I do know a man of the name of Crabtrce , and I believe that he has worked full time . —Mv . Hunt * . That , is fishing my witness . — Mr . Roberts : I am fishing , and I will find the lie , no matter Itow deep it may oe hid . —Witness in answer to Mr . Roberts : When a man comes to our shop and starts for the week , wc book his time . He may not agree to our wages . We tell him what we give ; ' that is all the agreement entered into , andwc calculate his work according to the number of days he works .
By Mr . Royds . —There is a combination amongst thc men ; and on the Monday , betwixt the hours of ten and eleven o'clock , two men came to our yard and called upon me ; 1 knew them well , as they had worked for me . Onc of them asked if I would discharge Knevill at noon ? I replied to them that I would not . They told mc they would strike theshop , and thc men would turn-out at dinner hour . I told them that I could not help it . Knevill was a good workman , and would not contribute to the-, union funds . Mr . Roberts . —If it had not been for the turn-out you would not have brought the men here ? I should not .
By Mr . Royds . —I have not asked the men to come again ; I have seen Dawson picketing the street , but never heard him speak to any person . Mr . Roberta . —Will you stato tho object of the union—is it not to protect tlieir tools ? i am not aware . —You have had a fire at your shop ; did you ever say anything to one of the men that it was a pity he was not in the union ? I did not . Mr . Charles Holt , thc partner of the previous witness , proved that the defendant left his work on Monday : no notice or request . had been sent to him toreturn to his work . This closed the case for the
prosecution . Mr . Roberts then addressed the bench on thc part of the defendant . The difficulty he felt arose from the circumstance , that he was totally uuable to satisfy himself as to what the charge really was . which he was called upon to reply to . He had watched the evidence most narrowly , but it afforded no clue whatever , and it was plain that the magistrates were in the same difficulty as . liimself : onc had spoken of it as a case of intimidation—another had spoken of it as a charge of "leaving work unfinished . " The charge which he was there to answer was that stated in the information—that the defendant had absented himself unlawfully from his service , and therein
neglected to perform his contract . Was there onc particle of evidence of any contract at all ? Hc had taken down all the evidence on this most important point—and what did it all amount to ? that the defendant had worked for the prosecutors lor the last six or seven years ; that at the commencement of his work , and during the whole period of its continuance , not one word had been said by either party as to any notice being given , or as . to any specific period for working : throughout the whole period the men worked as many days and as few as they p leased ; they pleased themselves as to the number of days they would work—and on each Saturday night they were paid for the number of days on which
they had actually worked : such a contract , if it could be called a contract at all , was not a contract of servitude—of such servitude as involved the heavy penalties of the Masters and Servants Act . Before these heavy penalties could be incurred the relation of master and servant must exist , plainly , fully , and completely ; the master must have the right to all the labour of the servant , and the servant must have the right to wages for his support . The evidence of Ladyman proved the reverse of tliis . He had asked Ladyman why the defendant , absenting himself this week , was to be treated differently from his previous absences , and the answer was , that nothing would have been done or thousht _respecting
it if others had not absented themselves at the same time : here , then , was the real charge—the real object of the prosecution—to put down the right of the men to combine together for the purpose of mutual protection . A magistrate had thought it not inconsistent with his duty to intimate from the bench that combinations were very horrible things ; and he ( Mr . Roberts ) at once admitted that they were most offensive to tyranny—awkward customers for despotism to cope with ; but still they were perfectly legal . Working men had a right to combine and determine not to work in the same shop with an individual who was obnoxious to them ; and he who sought to interfere with this right either by openly denying its
existence , or interfering with its progress , or _eyen by advising against its exorcise , was guilty both of fraud and of falsehood . Mr . Roberts then , after a long explanation of the power conferred upon the working classes by thc Combination Act , recapitulated the whole of the evidence , showing that by the testimony of Mr . Ladyman himself , all parties , both masters " and men , had throughout recognised the right of each of them to give or withhold employment or _lahou-r * and he contended that such an engagement was altogether different from what was contemplated by the law with regard to the relation of master and servant . As soon as Mr . Roberts had concluded ,
Jlr . Royds the chairman of the bench , and who had boon very much excited from the commencement , gave his decision . He considered the case fully proved—it was a very strong case—the men had no right to combine—they shouldn't combine—he should go io the full extent ofthe law—three months—it waa time to stop such proceedings . Mr . Roberts reminded the magistrates that his client was not charged with intimidation ; but Mr . Royds " did . H' 0 care—not he—they had gone on too long—theS 8 things must be put a stop to . " Here his brothers oa the bench endeavoured to calm their leader , and even the prosecutors hinted that they did not desire to press the case " quito so far—all they wanted waa for the men to return . " It was , however , very difficult to restrain Mr . Royds—his companions could not hold him back . At last he shrieked ' out—'' Well ,
prisoner , will you go back to your work ? " Dawson _, with a firm voice : No , I will not . Again the justice was frantic . " You wont , wont you ? Give him » month at the mill—see how he likes that . " But wa despair of giving our readers any idea of the scene : even the prosecutors were so startled by it that they declined proceeding with thc other cases , and at last they consented to withdraw the proceedings _agains _*^ Dawson . This , however , was no easy matter . M Royds for along time refused : the matter was a _j last arranged by Dawson and the others consen tjng to return to their work . We have some reas * _,, & believe that immediate steps will be taken to _-eiievo Mr . Royds from the performance of his ma ? . _ferial duties . A criminal _infovmatioin would do' u _* , m ser vice , and would operate even more benefio , _* u v asa useful lesson to other Rochdale justices .
Ihe Lwe Colonel Rusotrooke.- Colonel Rus...
Ihe _lwe Colonel Rusotrooke .- Colonel Rush . brooke was first elected ior _^ est Sr iffolk in 1835 ia conjunction with Mr . II . Vi atson , _, alldhad from _^ period successively been _rcturne- a fortIiat count ¦ the House ot Commons . He _w- _^ a zealous suppo _" ; of Conservative principles . . 1 be gai _] ailt colonel had for some time been Iabourr Agun | cr Mw . j disorder , and a surgical _^ . xa rnination madc at _^ beginning of last week , r d the absence of any extraneoiislmdy . Bemr _Sieved of this appreheEn nav _a S H _^ _ftinUk _some _^ _istanTti ¦ nospitais , ana a j £ erffai . ds to dme m f . d m ¦ th _^ _foctwas ' a , bring on inflammation in tbedise _^ ed
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Northern Star (1837-1852), June 28, 1845, page 1, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns3_28061845/page/1/
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