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Northern Star (1837-1852), 8th November 1845, Edition 4 of 4, Page 7, November 8, 1845. _ , _ _ _ THE NMTH|;il...

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      November 8, 1845. _ , _ _ _ The Nmth|;Il...

      November 8 , 1845 . _ _, __ _ _ THE NMTH |; ili- _* t _JSTlR . 17

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      _^ .. _AnalvnQwav _. _atleastmwords , , . _ a __ _shouldmy chance so happen—deeds , ) { _Wthall whowarwitii Thought !" « _1-Burit 1 hear a little bird , who _singa The people by and by will be the stronger . "—Biboh ITALT-THE KINGDOM OF NAPLES . The Mown ? extracts from - Madame Woneks-« ergeb _' " * " Letters from Naples , " written during her Z « idenee there in 1 S 4 M , and now publishing in _jjff ' $ Akuniine , will afibrd our readers a glimpse oi ? he aboimnable state of things prevailing in the Xeapolitan portion of Italy . Madame Wolfessbebgeb ' s sketches serve to complete the picture of _t _vjjniiv , slavery , fraud , and misery , which . Jir . Vf 1 Z 2 _ca has so eloquently described as cursing the _ihole surface of the Italian soiL May a change soon come .

      THE I . AWS ASD THEIR _ADMISISTKATIOS . _yaay of the laws of the French code were retained in 2 faple 3 after the restoration of the present royal family w the throne ; but it is commonly acknowledged that tier are very carelessly executed . The officers employed in _tbck administration think much more of the _advances to be derived from their post , than of fulfilling the duties a ttached to it . Gain is the first ob ject with all such persons , as well as with all directors of public insti tutions : ease and pleasure the second . If complaints gre made of neglect or Injustice , an agitation takes place . fer a few days , a show of doing something is made , and then things fall back into the old train , and go on as badly as before .

      The _pnbhc functionaries are said to exceed the offices ; and though it cannot be doubted that , jn a corrupted country , numerous officers oflaw aieabsolutely necessary , jet , when they are themselves corrupted , they _onlyincrease the _expenses of the state to the injury of their country . Ihe whole system of government from the top to the cotton * , is one of abuses , peculation , and intrigue . Every thins is done by favour and bribery .

      THE ABKZ AND ITS DESPOTISM . The general spirit of peculation likewise here prevails . Itis true , ofhis small pay ( about 2 _Jd . a-day ) the soldier cannot be deprired ; yet it is commonly reported , that in several regiments a certain allowance for accoutrements , ic , has been for a time , and in some cases entirely , withheld by the commanding officers . Though means were found to escape the reprehension of the Government for _sneb miserable spoliation , the men did not patiently submit . Three cases have recently occurred of officers being shot by their own soldiers ; and in one instance it was _well-known , that the assassin sought to punish the robbery of his regiment , for which there was no other means of obtaining redress .

      let the soldiers , in their turn , arc an oppressive burden on the people . Since our arrival here , a party of dragoons stopped for refreshment at a small inn on the road towards Beneventum . But instead of proving good customers to the poor landlord , whose whole fortune was invested in his little stock of provisions for man and beast , they no : only refused to pay for their own good cheer , and the provender consumed by their horses , but carried off with them all the corn and hay that remained . Vainly did the wretched man they thus robbed , go lamenting from house to house . In his own neighbourhood there was no redress to be found . To make his complaint in form , he must travel to Naples ; and when he arrives there , there is little probability tliat any attention will be paid to ihe prayer of one who has _neither friends at court , nor money to purchase them . Thereis neither security nor justice for the poor ; and the magistrates , who ought to be their protectors , only add to their miseries by their petty sad tormenting tyranny .

      It is one of the favourite royal pastimes to perform a species of mock campaign , during which Ms Majesty shares in ail the fatigues of his men , marches at their head tlirough tbe dust and the heat , and bears a part in all their hardships and difficulties . His orders for their supply and accommodation are most imperative . During one of these recent marches , a command was sent forward to the proper authorities of a small town , to provide the forage necessary for the horses ofthe cavalry . By some mistake , or perhaps from the impossibility of fulfilling

      this order before the time specified , nothing ox the land was -ready when the army arrived . His _-Majesty ' s anger , it 13 sail , _Jknaw no bounds , and he immediately commanded tiie principal municipal officer , who was the person responsible , te be shot without trial , or further in"Testigation _. The agony of this poor man , who was married , and had several children , surpassed all description ; nnd though his pardon was obtained by the generous intercession ofthe general to whom the task of superintending his execution was committed , he died of an apoplexy in consequence of his terror .

      It can scarcely "be wondered at , tbat tbe people now _BnireriaUy shot np their house * , and take to itight , when they hear of the approach of any considerable body of soldiers . The Swiss troops , in the employment of the Government , amount to more than six thousand . Their pay more than doubles that ofthe troop * ofthe line , which is a great cause of jealousy to the native soldiers ; and it is generally rumoured , thatso bad a feeling exists amongst the latter , that their fidelity could be little counted as , in w ; use of real danger , more especially in a popular insurrection . In fact , we heard it asserted by many Italians , that the tranquillity of thepeople , in their _prerat miserable condition , is chiefly owing to the dread of fordgnnntnerence , and their terror ofthe Swiss regiments .

      STATE SEC 1 _ECI— COVEBKMEKT SFIXS . The great _causts of the corruption of the Government , and tbe hopeless misery of the governed , are , that there is no chamber of representatives , -where complaints may openly be made against acts of pubhc and private tyranny , and no liberty of the presB , by which the errors ofthe Government , and the crimes of individuals , or even _, judicial _proceedings , may be made known to the public at large , and subjected to their judgment . Every thing is done in secret . The most flagrant enormities are committed under the veil of mystery , from which , should a word of truth escape , it is stifled as quickly as possible . Any author who dares proclaim the secret of public abuses , or peculations the most enormous , is at once thrown inty prison .

      The Jesuits at Sorento have built a high wall around their garden , behind which no one knows whatis passing ; and so itis with the Government . Without the barrier Of tyranny and secrecy that surrounds it , the people are allowed to hava neither eyes , nor ears , nor voice . One conseqnence of sneh a system is , that society , of every shade and class , is _universally infested with spies . They haun t the coffee-houses , and tbe promenades ; they tempt-yo-o _^ m ite ardour to pour out its indignant feelings , that ihey may profit by its punishment ; they form infamous intrigues , that they may draw from the lips of the mfe the secrets of her unsuspecting husband ; tbey liave ticketsfree at all times for the theatres , and other places of amusement ; and under the title of _nobilitj , penetrate into reunions the most select .

      The connexion ofthis abominable classwith tbe pohce , affords them immunity for numerous crimes ; but in no way are they more dangerous , or less suspected by strangers , than as the masters of lodging-houses , who , ¦ wi th their servants , are very frequently employed a « spies . * We had reason to know , that in one apartment , the landlord ofwhich styled himself a Count , and was in the service of the police , every worduttered by bis lodgers was regularly reported to him by his domestic , who , fawning and specious , might well have been mistaken for one of the most honest and ample of human beings . Books , papers , and every _ol-ject in the chambers , were examined during thc absence of the occupants , and petty thefts frequently committed .

      JKor is it only the petty officers of tbe pohce wno escape _Tesponslnlily in virtue of their connexion with the government , lt is well known that peculation , and fraud , and falsehood , pervade every branch of the state ; and in ah lhe great public charities , the results of this system of plunder are terrible . _Xot many years ago , a priest - , who was the superintendent of an orphan asylum ia a countiy town , instead of supplying wet nurses to thein & _nts at the expense of the funds of the charity , actually substituted one goat to suckle four claldren , and appropriated the surplus money .

      In the seraglio , an enormous building , in which are _Io-3 _ged more than two thousand vagrants and destitute "poor , _vouns and old , starvation and despair produced , towardsthe end of the year 1 S _13 , an insurrection amongst its wretched inhabitants . Tbe complaints of the sufferers reached the king's ears ; in consequence of which something like an investigation was instituted . This , it is said , led to the discovery , that 120 , 000 piastres , or £ 2-1 , 000 , were deficient ia the funds of the charity . -THE STATE LOTTEEIES—THEIB DEMOBILISING -EFFECTS .

      But the pursuit , I scarcely know if it can be called a pleasure , which engrosses the most of the thoughts and money of the lower and middle ranks , is the _Lotto , a kind of lottery , the tickets lor wluch are sold in aU parts of the town , and throughout the kingdoms of the two -Sicilies , in shops , where they are disposed of for the Government . To entice adventurers to purchase , the last lucky numbers may be seen stack np in front of these legalised _gamhling-hoases , ornamented with huge bows Of coloured paper ; whilst others , for the next lottery , are exposed in tempting order for sale .

      The drawings take place eveiy Saturday , in the huge Old hall of the tribunals , in the ancient palace of the early Neapolitan kings , called the Vicaria , in the neighbourhood of tho gate of Capua . This gloomy and enormous building is surrounded by a massive wall , and situated in the most ancient part of the city , amidst narrow streets , from which the lofty houses for ever exclude fhe lig ht of the sun . In some of the 3 e dismal avenues , or ricolos , as they are called , it is really frightful to glance into the ruinous and desolate courts of the heavy stone _frnildings , or into the shops , w * hich , like black , dark , and filthy flans , jawn on either side . " Without windows , their huge ancient wooden doors stand perpetually open to admit as much of light and air as can find their way into such places . But what an air * . Laden with imparities , " seems rife with fever and pestilence ; and when _laMst these sinks of vice , and dirt , and misery , n is almost impossible tobeUeve that _afewpacesbeyend such dark anaioathsomeavenuesnature extends her treasures in ever / variety of beauty to tbe sun .

      ' On the _& st floor of _ttoTicariai * tbe pnson of poor _cninriteand _aebton ; snd many a young and _sarage _iMktofeeemj _lwseengazmgrnth ' envious eyes upon { fetajy _* _*& ftat are ' _? _" _&&?* crossing the open _riacebmeatlT Inhonour of the ceremonies of the day , _heheaS _^ ea gateway bjwhich we entered the _inuw

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      court of tbe building was surrounded by * trumpery drapery of white and red calico , bespangled with bits of gold paper , above which were placed two miserable plaster busts of the King and Queen , with half a dozen paltry lamps burning before them . Such a _dscoration attached to those ancient . stern gray walls was not only trumpery , but ridiculous , and was mora suited for the entrance to a puppet-show than to the seat of justice , and one of the most ancient strongholds of the monarchy . In the court-yard were sereral carriages in waiting ; and , as we mounted a great stone staircase leading to the upper stories of the building , crowds of _lazzaroni , and men and women of the middle and lower classes , pushed past us , all hurrying in the same direction . There , where kings had trodden in all their feudal pomp , the ragged and half . famished populace were scrambling without order or respect , in search of a paltry gain .

      On entering the great gloomy old hall we saw a raised platform at the further end , on which sat four judges and two priests , in the full costumes of their different professions , to give solemnity to the scene , and an assurance that all is carried on with the utmost impartiality ; whilst the minister ofthe police , in a black silk gown , elevated in a kind of pulpit , attached to the centre of the wall on one side , presided orer the proceedings of the assembly . A guard of soldiers stood at the foot of the gallery , and the remainder of the hall was crowded to excess . There could not he less than two thousand persons present . Lazzaroni , with their ragged scanty covering ; wretched women , with infants in swaddling clothes , or rolled in dirty shawls , in their arms ; soldiers , workmen , and miserable , haggard , hollow-eyed looking wretches , fallen from a better class ; a few decently-dressed persons , and

      even priests and monks , were all crushed together into a dense mass . Except the members of the church , they were evidently all people who had to earn their livelihood ; and yet there , for several hours once a week , they may be seen , uot only risking a portion of their hard-earned gains , but wasting their time in idleness and the vicious excitement of gambling . Almost immediately after our entrance a joung man advanced to the front of the platform , and , having shaken a kind of box containing the numbers of the lottery , five were successively drawn by a child of the orphan asylum . As each was brought forth before it was seen by the people , it was given to one of the judges , and from him passed through the hands of all the officiating personages , except those of the minister of police , whose seat is at a considerable distance . They were then registered , and finally a man proclaimed them , in a loud voice , to the anxious assembly .

      The effect was electne on the eager throng , it seemed as if their lives , or the lives of all dear to them , depended on this announcement , such was the clamour with which each successive number was received . Yet even amidst this confusion , could be heard the cries of disappointment and despair , from the mined , undone , and famished wretches , who are well hnown in many instances to sell the b » d and clothes of their wife or children , to purchase a ticket , and make a last effort to recover their innumerable losses . On our return home , we witnessed with pain the frightful agitation of the lower orders , as the news was rapidly spread through the streets . The Different lottery offices we passed , were surrounded by crowds of tbe poorest of

      the poor ; and many miserable wretches , stunned by disappointment , stood gazing on a list of the fortunate numbers , as if ntterly unable to comprehend that their hopes of the past week were destroyed . Others were eagerly handing them from one to another ; and if wi had been ignorant of what had taken place , we might have imagined that some great and dreadful public calamity had occurred , on which the future welfare of tbe city and its inhabitants depended . Nor is the agitation and the ruin limited to Naples alone . Throughout the whole kingdom of the Two Sicilies there are government offices for the sale of tickets ; and the numbers drawn at the Yicaria sure announced by couriers or telegraphic despatches , to the furthest corner of the country , within an hour after thev are known .

      The degrading influence of this horrible gambling extends its effects over every class , and is in truth more dreadful than a plague , or an earthquake , as lt is ever recurring and never ending . The players may risk from two or three half-pence , to any amount they please , and the winnings when several numbers are taken , may by some extraordinary combination be immense ; but although , as in all games of hazard , this rarely if ever occurs , whilst the losses are great and almost certain , the possibility of gain leads on the desperate blindly to destruction .

      This is in truth one ofthe most virulent diseases tbat eats iuto the very existence ofthe people of Naples ; yet sueh is their attachment to this frightful , this incessant gambling , that it is believed that no grievance could so readily provoke a rebellion , as an abolition of the lotto . Their daily misery is rendered supportable by the hope , that at the end of the week their fortune may be established for ever by some extraordinary prize . Industry becomes paralyzed by a perpetual dependence on hazard ; and their small gains , instead of contributing to the comfort of their families , are again aud again wasted in this fatal , this _withering pursuit .

      [ THE PBIEST 8—THE MONKS—POPULAR IGSOBANCE AND _SCTEBSHTIGX . Numerous were the anecdotes we were told of their laxity of morals , and ofthe petty sins by which hundreds in holy garments are hourly undermining the morals of society . _Butthire is one story of this character current in Naples , of the very blackest die . It regards the abduction of a girl from the Orphan Asylum , or Hospital ofthe Aunonciata , by a priest employed in this establishment , who , after a severe investigation of the affair , alone escaped the proper punishment of his diabolical crime by the protection and favour of his friends in power . The details ofthis adventure aire too horrible to be inserted here , hut they are commonly known in Kaples . They

      have even been made the subject of a romance ; ana though the work was immediately suppressed , and the author thrown into prison , the indignant feelings excited by such conduct are not to ba thus easily obliterated from the public mind . Though it is weU known that the Neapolitans are ardently attached to the Koman Catholic religion , and all the bigotted observances and superstitions incorporated with the true faith iu this southern and benighted region , and lax , or even liberal opinions on such subjects are exceedingly rare , yet the bad conduct of tbe clergy has taught the people to divide them from the the religion they profess , and produced , amongst the male population , a very general contempt for their persons , and an impatience oftheir enormous extortions and ever increasing power . By a new enactment , though a priest may be tried by the civil tribunals , the sentence passed on Mm by these courts , whatever it may be , cannot be carried into execution till confirmed by a council of

      bishops , which amounts almost to the exemption of the clergy from the just punishment of crime . Nor is tho existing government desirous of any reform in the church . Where an authority , like that in Naples , is grounded on human ignorance , superstition , weakness , and crime , it is not for its interest that the priesthood should be ofa character either to enlighten or elevate the moral character of its subjects . Neither is there any hope of the press producing any amelioration . On the return of Kng Ferdinand from Leybach , so heavy a tax was added to tiie censorship on books , that their importation from foreign countries was entirely prevented . The booksellers were nearly ruined , and , anxious to relieve themselves from such a burden , represented * to tha minister , the Marquis of Medici , the injury done to the finances by this interruption of trade , at the same time praying for an abolition of the duty . To this he coolly replied , that it was not his object to benefit the finances , but to ensure the igntrauce of the people _.

      We have never been able to obtain any exact account of thc number of secular and monastic clergy in the kingdom of Naples ; but that the amount of the various members of this body constitutes a very large and ever increasing part of the population there can be no doubt . Several well informed persons have assured me that it amounts at least to a tenth _. When we resuembur that the means of existence are drawn , in one form or other , by this enormouB and idle proportion of tiie community , from the labouring classes , already burdened with taxes to the amount of sixty per cent ., we can no longer wonder at the misery we have witnessed since our entrance into this oppressed kingdom .

      Though several orders of monks live entirely by begging , the property of the ecclesiastical body is immense . The Jesuits lose no opportunity of adding to their riches ; and rich legacies from noble devotees are daily falling into their hands , frequently to the utter ruin of the families of the decased . It need scarcely be said , that nearly all tbe talent and learning of the clergy centre in this order ; and as education is almost universally in their hands , no rising genius escapes their attention ; every youth who , by his abilities , might subsequently prove a dangerous enemy to their encroachments , or a useful benefactor to his country , is immediately enlisted

      iu their ranks . The monks of the other different orders and secular clergy throughout the country are generally taken from so low a class , and their education is such , as scarcely to raise them a step above the half savage populace . It is the duty of their _profession to instruct and guide . It is said that recently a discipline , more severe than formerly , bas been introduced into the church ; the young clergy have been subjected to more strict examinations on taking orders , and the tone of capacity and instruction has slightly risen amongst them during the last twenty years But still this vast body of unmarried men , taken from a corrupt and passionate population , necessarily retain many of the vices and characteristics of the mass is of

      to which they originally belonged . The priest one the peop - e : he participates in their feelings , their superstitions , and too often in their ; crimes ; but should , in some rare instance , his knowledge aud his talent rise superior to the ordinary level of his class , should he seek to disabuse his flock of their favourite errors , their suspicions of heresy are immediately awakened , aud whispers are rapidly circulated that he is a bad priest ; that he believes nothing ; that he has dealings with the enemy of mankind , and seeks to draw others along with him into the abyss of destruction , In fact , tbe utmost caution is necessary in aU dealings with a people so utterly benighted in the gloom of ignorance as the peasantry ef the interior of the kingdom of Naples .

      ===== .-'Igoiso. Ahead 1—The Irish Repea...

      ===== .- 'IGoiso . Ahead 1—The Irish Repeal papersi are crowing that the St . Leger _ha-j been wpn m an " Irish fierse . " The prospects of Repeal _awibflgllteiiing ! - ''• _' ¦ * - _*"'" " '

      The Proposed Opening Of The Ports. [We T...

      THE PROPOSED OPENING OF THE PORTS . [ We take the following sensible letter from the Times of Tuesday , November 4 th : ]—Sib , —There has been a good deal of very cool _talking lately , in which you have had your share , ; ' about _, opening the ports at once for the admission of foreign corn and otherproduce , with the avowed intention of laying on the Corn Laws again _assoon as the scarcity is oyer . If this advice is nothing more than a convenient cloak to disguise a secret design of surrendering the Corn Laws altogether , we can only admire the honesty of the advisers , and the profound contempt they must entertain for the understandings of their agricultural readers . The Corn Laws once suspended would stand as little chance of restoration as

      trial by wager or examination by the rack . The little finger of the Minister may th . _* ow them over , but I question if the whole aristocracy of England would be able to set them up . The idol once hurled from its pedestal is gone for ever . Itis probable enough , however , that the idea ia seriously entertained . If so , it is just worth your while considering what such a measure really amounts to . It comes to this : —Having , by the dispensation of Providence , had it in our power for many vears , by our great capital and our great demand for food , to dcvelope the resources of all nations , to encourage their agriculture , and communicate to them our manufactures in retnrn , —having had it in our power to found accumulations of food all over the werld ,

      and especially in Europe , we resolutely refuse to do so ,. and leave our fellow-creatures without theiriducement , and indeed without the means , of laying by for the future . At length , however , finding ourselves and all Europe on the eve of a dreadful famine , we suddenly violate the law we had ourselves laid down , in order that we may pounce upon our neighbour's scanty store , whieh is scanty because we'hare done our best to make it so . Through our fault , it is not enough for them and for us . Yet , without the smallest shame or compunction , we are to seize it for ourselves . We . say seize , because the very idea of opening the ports implies a belief that by our superior wealth we shall have the advantage of the foreign consumer in his own market . He is starving ; as

      much , or even more than we ; but we with our hags of gold are to come in and take away the corn of liis own fields before his eyes . I really do uot know any standard of morality Christian or heathen , national or social , romantic or familiar , by which such a proceeding would not be utterly base , shabby , and detestable . Tho gentleman who should act thus to his neighbour would be scouted at once out of decent society into the purlieus of Capel-court , not to say St . Giles ' s . To play fast and loose , to communicate or not , to regulate our dealings solely for one ' s own momentary convenience , to make rules creating general discomfort , and break them just at the time they happened to be more profitable to ethers than to ourselves , to

      reduce men to poverty and then skin them alive , deserves only one name , whatever name that may happen to be , which the language supplies for the meanest and most iniquitous conduct . It would , in fact , be a mere attempt at scramble . A violent man , who finds that through his idleness , his stupidity , his perverseness , his unsociableness , er other folly , he is not coming off quite so well as he wishes in the lawful distribution , will sometimes suddenly throw things all of a heap , in order that the right of the strongest may then supervene . Now , mere wealth is just as brutish a thing as mere sinew , and the persons who recommend us , iu expectation of an European famine , to open our ports at once pro Mc vice , wish that wealth to ba as brutishly

      used . We have established a certain law , which has eventuated in a certain distribution of food throughout the continent of Europe , to which the several continental nations have by our law a certain right and expectancy . That is to say , at this present ; moment they have a moral claim to corn at 17 s . aquarter , or some such difference , less than the Englishman . But for our law they would hare provided for the contingency ; therefore , it is our law which has regulated their present supply . To break that law just now is simply to break faith with the starving population of about half Europe . Be the law good or bad we ought to abide by it , at least throughout any particular disaster it may occasion . When we do resolve to give ah English price for foreign food we ought to give at least a season's

      notice , in order that some preparation may be made by the rude agriculturists of the continent for the exorbitant demands ofthe English consumer . I am reasoning as if the scheme would answer as you suppose . It would not answer , —at least , not generally . I cannot suppose that if , as is feared , the harvest is even worse in most parts of the continent than in England , the European Governments will be so unnatural , and so oblivious of our own past policy , as to let the British merchants quietly sweep the shores pf the Baltic or the Eu , \ ine . while their own people are starving . If the immediate effect of opening the ports be not to raise the price at Dantsic and Odessa exactly that Ids . or 17 s . we have removed , undoubtedly the Governments will take care to lay on just as much as we takeoff . If we levy a duty on

      importation when we can da without corn , of course the corn-growing countries will levy a duty on exportation when they cannot do without it . -If any , money is to be got by the traffic , the nation which has the other at its mercy will of course take care to get it . We may thank our stars if we come off with only a " moderate fixed duty ; "biit it is far more likely that if things turn out as ill as is apprehended the continental Governments will entirely prohibit exportation . We have at home a slight indication of what we inay soon expect from all the ' world . Already there has been a loud cry to prohibit the exportation of food from Ireland . Were we at war with the rest of Europe , it would not only be justifiable but perfectly appropriate to

      take every advantage we could—to ruin the agriculture of our neighbours , and then , sliould they , in spite of us , make a little accumulation , to rob them of it the first opportunity . The necessities of war allow a much wider range of conduct than the prosperities of peace . War is destruction . It is warlike to starve , if starvation answers our purpose better than bullets . It is warlike to burn magazines of corn , to blockade cities and harbours , to turn rivers and fill up wells . But we are at peace with our neighbours , and are bound to observe that sublime and simple rule of conduct which nature teaches and revelation confirms between neighbour and neighbour . Let the English reflect how would the / endure , with com at 80 s . a-quarter , to find themselves outbid by some wealthier neighbour offering 85 s .

      An act of indemnity maybe easily procured , and certainly would not be denied to a Minister whose sole immediate object was * to fill the mouths of a hungry people . It would remain for future consideration whether such an act is in the true spirit of law ; whether it is wise to give a Ministry so great a power of disturbing the operations of trades ; whether it is constitutional to substitute occasional surprises , not to say violences , for regular legislation . If it is necessary _toopen the pons now , why not always , when corn is at the present price , or a scarcity is possible ? Why notadmitthefact into your system " at once ? We may as well have a dictator , as a man who can raise and lower the price of food by the breath of his mouth . I am , sir , yours , Ac ., HONESTY .

      Murder In Ireland. The Tipperary Vindica...

      MURDER IN IRELAND . The Tipperary Vindicator of Saturday last contains the following : — Mubder of Patrick Clarke , Esq . —We regret to learn that . Patrick Clarke , Esq ., who had recently come to reside in Tipperary , was shot dead about half-past two o'clock yesterday ( Friday , ) whilst riding about his lands at South-hill , within half a mile of Nenagh . Mr . Clarke held a considerable property at _Portai _* lington ,- and he had a mansion in _Merrionsquare also . It is impossible , just now , to assign a cause for the perpetration of this deed of blood . The alarm was immediately given , and the police from Nenagh and the surrounding districts were quickly on the spot . Whilst we write the utmost activity prevails to discover the perpetrator of the deed . Two balls were driven through the ill-fated gentleman ' s head , and he expired immediately . We have heard that he had been compelling his tenants to sell corn a few minutes before the murder . Two men were seen crossing the country immediately after the deed , but no clue hadbeen discovered of the perpetrators . "

      Accident On* The North Op England Railwa...

      Accident on * the North op England Railway . — Newcastle , Satordat . — An accident occurred to the mail train this morning , on the Great North of England Itailway , which , though of an alarming character , was fortunately unattended with serious wsults to the passengers . The mail train from the south , due at Darlington at twenty minutes past seven o ' clock , was upwards of an hour aud a half behind its time . On arriving at that station the train consisted of the engine and tender , a luggage van , two second-class carriages , two first-class carnages , post-office , and one or two carriages behind that . When between four and five mile 3 north of Darlington , the engine got off the line , and , crossing the upline , went over an embankment between seven and eight feet in height . The wheels , however , sinking into the soft earth , prevented it from reaching the bottom ine who

      , and , in the meantime , the engman , maintained his position , turned off the steam . The tender was dragged across the up-line , the rails of which were displaced , and the two second-class carriages were thrown together upon their ends , in an upright position , on the line . The coupling chain between them and the rest of the train broke , and the other carriages maintained their proper position , though most of them were thrown off the rail . Fortunately , none of the passengers sustained any serious injury , which is probably owing to the slow rate at which the train was travelling , it not being going at more than fifteen miles an hour . The second-class carriages and tender were much broken ; a messenger was sent back to Darlington for assistance , beforo the arrival of which the express train from Newcastle to * seen approaching , and intimation of danger having been conveyed by signal , it was stopped before reaching the scene of the accident .

      ^_^Artis;T Jntelligente

      _^_^ artis ; t _Jntelligente

      ,*.,>,. . London. Ti. -. ' F* {. Ocality...

      _, _* ., > ,. . LONDON . ti . -. ' F * _{ . _ocality . _-A densely crowded audience attended Mr Cooper ' s lecture fast Sunday night . Mr . _Ji _™? y » ° n wing called to the chair ( after one of the _Peoples Songs" had been sung ) , expressed the deep _gratiheation he had in knowing that Mr . Cooper alter experiencing much suffering and persecution , _AVas beginning to see a little of the sunshine of life . He had rw doubt the lecturer would have pleasure in explaining what he ( tho chairman ) meant . Mr . Cooper immediately informed the meeting that a citizen of London , whose name he was not at liberty to mention , had walked home with him from his lecture the preceding Wednesday night , and presented him with a cheque for £ 100 . Thegentleman was an

      _entire stranger to him , and informed him thathe made him the present in consequence of having his sympathies awakened by reading the " Purgatory of Suicides . " This announcement was received with three thundering rounds of applause . The historical subject for the evening , "The life , reign , and character of Napoleon , " was then commenced . After giving a spirited narrative of the Italian campaign , and the battles of Lodi _, Ac , which first raised Buonaparte to high rank , as a g eneral , —the lecturer proceeded to describe the conqueror ' s course in Egypt and Syria , and avowed his disbelief of the story about poisoning the sick at Jaffa . The Consulate , the passage ol the Alps _. ihe battle of Marengo , and other striking events of this most remarkable

      man of modern times were next , _rapidlv noted , * and his coronation by the Pope , introduced some facetious anecdotes relative to the behaviour of the Parisians towards "his Holiness . " The battles of Austerlitz , Jena , Eylau _, and Friedland , and a brief recapitulation of Napoleon ' s Spanish visit ; the battle of Corunna and death of Sir John Moore , with the campaign that dosed with the possession of Vienna and battle of Waoram , introduced some interesting observations on the Emperor ' s repudiation of Josephine , and marriage with Marie Louise . The most exciting and harrowing part of the discourse was , of course , the description ofthe Russian campaign , and its horrible disasters . The fall of the despot , the siege of Dresden , the defeat at Leipzig , and Ibis abdication and retire _, ment to Elba ; with his return , and the " crowning carnage , Waterloo , " were all pointedly and forcibly related and depictured . Mr . C . took occasion to

      intersperse reriiarks on the characters of Napoleon ' s subordinates in the work of _conquest—Murat , Key Masseria , Berthier , Laiines , Soulfc , & c , as tlieir names ' arose in the narrative ; and also on the characters ofhis political _employed—Talleyrand , Fouche , and others . Napoleon ' s enterprises of road-making , _canal-digging , bridge-building , & c , and his selection of sagacious spirits in the formation of tlie celebrated " Code Napoleon , " were duly eulogised . In conclusion , however ,. Mr . C . disclaimed any spurious pity for the " Exile of St . Helena ; " and avowed his conviction thatthe "murderer of a million" deserved no better fate than to be placed apart from future means of a savage , like any other wild beast . A contrast between the characters of such men as Napoleon , Caesar , and Alexander , and the godlike beings , Socrates , Confucius , and the Carpenter ' s Son of Nazareth , terminated the long lecture in such a mode as to draw forth thrilling and prolonged plaudits .

      _MBiROPOuiAjr District Council . —At tho fortnightly meeting , held in the City Chartist Hall , 1 , Turnagain-lane , on Sunday afternoon , Mr . John Mills m the chair , it was _unanimeusly resolved , " That this council hereby call on all Chartist localities throughout the kingdom to take up the case of Frost , Williams , Jones , and all other patriot exiles , with a _Yiew to their immediate restoration to theu * native land ; and that petitions be got up and signed individually , collectively , or by the chairman on behalf of public meetings ; and that such petitions be forwarded without delay to T . S . Duncombe , M . P ., 3 , Albany , London , in order that he may present and found a motion on the same at the commencement of the ensuing Parliamentary session . " In addition to the council , several members ofthe Exile Restoration Committee were present , aud acted in concert with the council .

      _National Victim Committee . —A meeting of this body was held at the Hall , 1 , Turnagain-lane , on Sunday , November thc 2 nd , Mr . Mills in the chair . Mr . T . 'M . Wheeler , the secretary , on behalf of Mr . O'Connor , presented the balance-sheet of Mr . John Cleave , which leaves a balance in favour of the committee of £ 22 2 s . 5 | d . The balance-sheet as presented , with a trifling exception , was received , and the following resolutions were adopted : — " That the sum of £ 2 be now awarded to Mr . John Richards , late of Stafford gaol ; and that the secretary be hereby authorised to draff the same from the treasurer , and transmit it to Mr . John Richards accordingly , " " That til ? Secretary be _re-bested \) Q inquire _, into the case of Mr . _lattefsal , and report at the next meeting . " " That this meeting stand adjourned until Sunday next , at half-past four o ' clock . "

      Chartist Co-operative Land Society . — Westminsthr DisTKicT . —The adjourned meeting resumed its sitting on Sunday evening last , atthe Parthenium club rooms , 12 , St . Martin ' s-lane . Mr . Miller was unanimously called to the chair , when , on the motion of Mr . Ford , the fifth rule , altered as follows , was adopted : — "It shall . be the duty ofthe Board of Directors to transact all the monetary and other business ofthe society ; and when a sufficient sum of money , shall be subscribed they shall be empowered to purchase a suitable plot or plots of land , until it amount to 120 acres , which shall be divided into CO equal allotments . They shall appropriate to each occupant the sum of £ 15163 . 8 d . They shall then apprise the members of the society , and instruct them

      to select , by lot , occupiers , to whom the several allotments , with the buildings- < fec , shall be let at a rent of £ 5 per annum , on a lease forever . They shall then effect a sale of the land , buildings , & c , at the rate of twenty years' purchase on the rent paid , and carry the proceeds , alter defraying unavoidable expenses , to the credit of the society , to be again employed in the purchase of more Land , the building of more dwellings , the apportioning of more cash , at the rate ot £ 15 16 s . 8 d . to each occupant , to be again divided in allotments to the members , and' so on in continuity ; and that a proviso be made to secure to the holders of the several allotments the first right to purchase their holdings ; also that the persons subscribing to the

      first £ 5 , 000 shall be deemed the first section of the society . " The following suggestions to Conference was also adopted : — " That the trustees , treasurers , secretaries , and all other officers , shall be elected by the members by way of ballot . " " That the accounts of the society be audited quarterly . " "Thatthe first line of rule twelve be omitted , " and the following stand instead of rule the sixteenth : — " That a ballot take place amongst such members who have paid up their shares , on or before the first day of January , 184 G , for priority of location—after which period members shall be located in accordance with the priority of payment , consistently with rule the fifth . " It being now half-past ten o ' clock , the discussion on the remainder of the rules was adjourned until Sunday next , at seven o ' clock nrccisely .

      Somers Tows . —On Sunday evening last ameeting of thb locality was held at Mr . Duddridge ' s , 18 , Tonbridge-street , New-road . Mr . Rowland in the chair . The delegates having reported that the District Council had agreed to a resolution , calling on the localities throughout the Kingdom to get up petitions to the House of Commons , for the restoration of Frost , Williams , and Jones , and all other political exiles . Mr . John Arnott moved , seconded by Mr . Thomas Edwards , that we exert ourselves to obtain the use of the St . Pancras Vestry Rooms , to hold a public meeting for the above object . Carried unanimously . The whole ofthe members present resolved themselves into a committee ( with power to add to _Itheir number ) to carry the same into effect , and having appointed Messrs . Farris and Laurie aa a deputation to wait on the vestrymen with a requisition for that purpose , the chairman left the chair .

      . CULLOMPTON , DEVON . _LecTcrns o . v the Lasb . — On Thursday evening , October 30 th , a public meeting of the inhabitants of the town was holden to hear a lecture from Mr . T . Clark , of the Executive . Mr . Wm . Poole having been voted to the chair , he briefly introduced Mr . Clark to the meeting , who commenced a Yery able and eloquent lecture , in the course of wliich hc pointed out the ill effects to the labouring community consequent on the Land being holden by so few . He traced the origin of landlordism to the Norman Conquest , when the _royal'bastard plundered the people of England and parcelled out the land to his followers He entered into our present overgrown manufactur

      ing system aud its effects , on society . —Mr , 0 . then proceeded to illustrate the capabilities of the soil , read extracts from Mr . O'Connor ' s work on Small Farms , to corroborate his statements , pourtrayed the happy condition of the Agricultural population , where holding Land on secure tenure . Pointed out the benefits of the Chartist Co-operative Land Society , and urged his hearers to come forward for the purpose of carrying out so good and philanthropic a Plan . An unanimous vote of thanks was given to Mr . Clark fer bis able lecture , and to the chairman for his services , and the meeting dispersed highly pleased with the lecture . Upwards of thirty persons have taken shares In the Land Society here , and Mr , Clark ' s lecture will doubtless do much good .

      , 7 STOCKPORT . MrVJ 7 R . Cooper , of Manchester , lectured here last Sunday to a numerous and attentive audience on the . moral and intellectual advancement of the people . Mr . J . Bennett in the chair . Mr . Cooper said , — " Knowledge was power , and that the working classes were making great progress towardsthe attainment of that knowledge , Formerly tliere were no printing machines , and the people had but few books , wrote with the pen ; but now they had that bright lumihary , the Northern Sta _^ which had been the means of imparting - knowled _ge to thousands . The religious tracts had poisoned the minds of the people by teaching them to be content with their station . " A vote of thanks was then awarded to Mr 7 Cooperfbr his lecture , and the meeting separated ,

      ,*.,>,. . London. Ti. -. ' F* {. Ocality...

      WIGT 0 N . Co-operative Lasd Societv . —On Sunday evening a lecture was deliverod here by a friend . We have proposed to deliver six lectures in the following order ;—The first on the " Land , and the Vote every man's Right . " Second , "The possession of the Land and the Vote by every man , would make every man rich . " Third , " Poverty shall be the lot of all who will not possess themselves of the Land and tho Vote . " Fourth , " It is every man ' s right to possess himself of the Land and the Vote . " Fifth , ••

      Commerce , with a whole world , without working men possessing themselves of the Land and the Vote , cannot save any country from ruin . " Sixth , "Whatis the principal cause of the people not possessing the Land and the Vote ? " The first lecture was delivered on Sunday last and told well . We meet every Sunday evening , at six o'clock , for Land lectures and discussions , and every Thursday evening , at eight o ' clock , for the receipt of Land monies , and performing the Land business . Our meetings are in thc Rechabite-rooms , Market-hill .

      MANCHESTER . Mr . Dorman , of Nottingham , delivered two eloquent and instructive lectures on Sunday last , in the Carpenters' Hall , to _large and respectable audiences . A vote of thanks was given to Mr . Donnan for his able lectures . SHEFFIELD . The Widow op Booker the Chartist . — At our weekly meeting on Sunday night , Noy . 2 nd , the case of widow Booker was brought before the meeting with a view to see if something could be done to alleviate her sufferings , she being sick and in deep distress . We thought an appeal to our Sheffield friends might be of some service , and it was resolved— " That the collectors be authorised to receive subscriptions on her behalf , in the course of their rounds next Sunday , Nov . 9 th .

      BRIGHTON . A Democratic Supper was held at the Cap of Liberty , Portland-street , on Tuesday evening , to commemorate the birthday of Henry Hunt , and the formation ofthe Chartist Co-operative Land Society , _* on which occasion the large room of the above house was well filled with a respectable company , who seemed to highly enjoy themselves by the manner in which they did justice to the viauds set before them . After the cloth was cleared , Mr . Mitchell took the chair , and Mr . Lashford the vice-chair ; when the ' chairman gave " Loud Roar'd thc People ' s Thunder " in prime style . After which Mr . Page gave the " Marsellieso Hymn , " which was followed by several patriotic songs and toasts , till a late hour , when the company separated , highly pleased with the evening ' s entertainment .

      BRISTOL . Public Meewkg . —On Monday evening last the Public Hall ( which had been lent by Mr . Simeon for the occasion ) was well tilled , to hear an address from Mr . Thomas Clark , of Stockport , on the propriety of working men joining the Chartist Co-operative Land Society . Mr . Cains was unanimously called to the chair ; and , after making a few prefatory observations on the object of the meeting , introduced Mr . Clark , who showed at length how the purchase and sale of Land might be effected , and the capability of the Land to produce enough _^ for the sustentation of a population ten times as large as the present . At the close of his address a vote of thanks was awarded him . Several rules were disposed of , and some shares taken up . A thriving branch of the Land Society exists here , aud will hold its weekly meetings on Tuesday evenings , in the above Hall , Bear-lane .

      PRESTON . At a general meeting of the Preston branch of the Land Society , held on Sunday , November the 2 nd , Mr . James Duckett in the ehair , the following resolutions were agreed to : — " That we disapprove of the Manchester resolution . " "That we are of opinion that the Society should , if possible , be enrolled under the Building Societies Acts . " "That members taking two shares should have their four acre allotment on gaining their chance for the first share . " "That the present section of the Society close for the enrolment of _memboi-s on the assembling of Conference , and that another section commence from that period . " "That the Society be divided into districts , and that a district be ballottcd for , to take the next purchase , whieh shall be lotted for by the members , if a sufficient number have paid up their shares in that district . "

      Crahe^ $M.Emeiti#

      _CraHe _^ _$ M . emeiti #

      To The Jouneymen Bakers Of Great Britain...

      TO THE JOUNEYMEN BAKERS OF GREAT BRITAIN AND IRELAND , FROM THE MEMBERS OF THE OPERATIVE BAKERS ' UNION , ABERDEEN . Fellow Countrymen , —In the earnest desire to promote the welfare Of _puif _present position , and to _profiure for ourselves and fellow-labourer _^ our rights as men and as citizens , we have been led to approve and adopt the plan of organisation proposed at the Convention , held in Glasgow , upon the 29 th of September last . Aware that many of our fellow-brethren have , through misconception , drawn very unwarrantable conclusions respecting the motives and objects of those who have joined what they are pleased to term the "New Move , " we think it a duty which we

      owe . them and to ourselves , frankly and openlvto avow our reasons for the cause we have _adopted . " Without pledging ourselves for the perfection of any system devised by human ingenuity , we beg to submit the following as our reasons ' for becoming members ofthe National Association : —1 st . Because it has for its objects the obtaining of our rights . 2 nd . Because it proposes to carry out what every unionist has to some extent been endeavouring to do . 3 rd . Because it would improre our condition , and would qualify us to make the best use of our rights when we obtain them . 4 th . These reasons appear to us sufficient to justify our conduct for the course we have taken . Having on former occasions pledged ourselves to use every just and lawful mean 3 in our

      power to obtain our rights , we would have deemed it a violation of that pledge had we neglected this plan of organisation . Claiming and exercising for ourselves the right of individual judgment , we assert it to be the best and most efficient plan that has yet been proposed for making our rights a national law . We ground this assertion on the fact that there are yet thousands of our fellow-brethren who are yet ignorant of our objects in view , or indifferent to tlieir own interests ; and we think it must now be apparent to all intelligent men , that nothing less than thc demand of a majority of the journeymen Bakers of this country will ever procure for us this obiects we aim

      at . We call on every unionist to co-operate with us in our endeavour to elevate the condition of the whiteslaves from their bakehouse bondage , by restricting our labour to ten hours' per day instead of eighteen . Should this appeal to our fellow-tradesmen be made in vain , we will nevertheless devote our energies and continue our exertions to the utmost of our feeble ability in the _propagation of the truth , relying on its power for uprooting ignorance , vice , and misery , and establishing in their stead knowledge , virtue and happiness . ( Signed ) John * Graham , President ofthe Aberdeen Operative Bakers' Union . Aberdeen , October 28 th , 184-5 .

      United Trades! Association For The Emplo...

      _United Trades ! Association for the employment of Labour ' in Agriculture and Manufactures . —The Board of Directors met at the Trades ' Office , 30 , Hyde-street , Bloomsbury , on Monday , November 3 rd ; T . S . Duncombe , M . P ., in the chair . A letter was read on behalf of the united branches of operative Potters , from Mr . William Evans , applying for one hundred shares of the Trades' Land and Building Association , such shares to be paid for in . weekly instalments of 25 s . eaeh . Several Tin-plate Workers waited on the board , and took out a number of shares for themselves and fellow-workmen . In conjunction with the united trades for the protection

      oi industry , tney nave entered into an engagement with Mr . David Ross , of Leeds , to lecture on the objects sought to be obtained by the joint associations . Previous to Mr . Ross ' s provincial tour , he will deliver four lectures in the metropolis , at the following times and places : —Tuesday , November 18 th , Literary and Scientific Institution , John-street _Tottenham-court-road ; Wednesday , November 19 th , South London Chartist Hall , 115 , Blackfriars-road , _* the National Hall , High Holborn , ou Thursday , November 19 th ; and on Friday , November 21 st , Hall of Science , 81 , Whitechapel . To commence each evening at eight o ' clock precisely .

      Exinaormsany Case Of Suicice. — Hadleigh...

      _ExinAORMSAnY Case of Suicice . — Hadleigh , Nov . 1 —A deliberate aud frightful act of suicide was committed in this town on Thursday last , under very peculiar circumstances . The individual , John Jaynes , was proprietor of a boarding school of the first repute , and until within the last week he was highly respected for learning and moral character . However , in the course of the last week two of the pupils , sons of Mr . J . Growse , surgeon , made such representations to their parent as induced tliat gentleman to prefer a charge against Jaynes of a horrible character , in consequence of wliich a warrant was issued for his apprehension . The officer took him into custody on Tuesday , but he was allowed to remain at his own house until the charge should be investigated before the magistrates—the wretched man declaring that it was a conspiracy got

      up against him . I hough closely watched , and deprived , as it was supposed , of every offensive weapon , he by some means possessed himself of a pistol , with which he shot himself through the head , at an early hour on Thursday morning . The ball had lodged in the head , and death was instantaneous . The distress of his bereaved wife , who believed him to be incapable of the offence laid to his charge , admits of no description . She is said to be an amiable and accomplished lady , and is most respectably connected in Gloucestershire , where Jaynes formerly resided . Information of the tragical occurrence was immediately forwarded to Mr . H . Wayman , the coroner , before whom a j ury was yesterday empannelled at tho Swan Inn . After a long examination of witnesses , the jury , after a short consultation / returned a verdict of " Felo-de-se . " ¦ ¦ _•¦ .. ¦ •"

      _ I §Merai Intelugmm. . I .---.* -- '-.-_ .?«.-L*Vrt^\^W'Rfw^'T*^'\/&Gt;&Lt;*^Xrfw If

      _ i _§ _merai _IntelUgmm . . i .---. _* -- -.- _ . _?« .-l _* vrt _^\^ _W'rfW _^ 't _*^ ' _\/><*^ _XrfW If

      Dhatu From Htdrophobiaw Lee»S.-Durinrth8...

      _Dhatu from _Htdrophobiaw LEE » s .-DurinRth 8 » pastweek , a man of the name of _Thoimas _Renshaw ,,, who residedin Imperial-street , Leyfonds , a _™™ } ' _~ ploved as a barrel washer to Me ssrs .-SingletonsJ brewery , has died under circumstances which _leaver little doubt thathe has fallen a victim to hydrophobia .. The deceased was bit in the thumb by a little fancy r dog . which he kept , in July last . He _wasrforty-siX : years of age , and ha 3 left a wife and three children . Leeds . —Muxicipai _, Elections . — The municipal I elections took place on Saturday last , but - . never oa . any occasion excited less interest . A stranger com- _< ing into the town would not have discovered that the i elections wei _^ taking place . The Whigs have 7 gamed two . ! The _Edixruroii Town * Couxcil have voted the freedom of the city to Lord John Russell . , _"

      Be ve Fishers of Womex ! -There are 620 , 000 girls at this moment receiving , their education ut French convents . The Corn Dealers of Liverpool ' are actually exporting the corn in bond to Russia . This fact speaks volumes . Female Teachers . —A class for training _femslo teachers is about to be established bj * the directors of the Manchester Mechanics' Institution . Leeds Post-Office . —During the present year , no fewer than eleven millions of letters passed through the Leeds post-office . Winter Assize . —There will , it is understood , bo a Winter Assizes held in ' the month of December next , in the same places as List year .

      A Saint Caught . —We have been informed that Sir Andrew A « new was detected by a gentleman , a short time since , travelling in a railway train on the Sabbath-day ! The saint was sadly out of countenance when discovered . A Consummation devoutly to he wished bt Aih but Umdrelu Makers , —Some enemies of the umbrella are seriously entertaining the idea of forming a company to erect light transparent verandahs from the houses , across the footpaths , so that even on the wettest day the metropolis can be traversed from one end to the other without au umbrella . Irish Northern Provincial College . — -We are enabled to state , on unquestionable authority , that the Government Commissioners have reported in favour of Belfast , as the site _, of the new northern college . —Northern Whig ,

      Railroads and Turnpikes . —Notwithstanding the railroad mania and building , turnpikes continue to bring their prices . The Montrose turnpike , for instance , was last week put up for letting , and brought an advance of £ 100 beyond what its tolls let for lastyear . A Great Bore . —Among the new projects on the tapis in Scotland is the plan of making a tunnel under the Clyde . The proposal has met with _mucll favour . Douglas Jerrold , Esq ., was to have presided at the annual soiree of tho Sheffield Mechanics' Institute , holden last week , but was prevented attending by aa attack of influenza whieh tor some days confined him to his bed .

      Love akd Crime . —A few nights ago , a farming man , atVry , inthe Moselle , entered his master's room , and murdered him with the colter ofa plough , and then , going to the chamber of the farmer ' s daughter , fired a pistol at her , but missed his aim . He immediately went out into an adjoining wood , and there hung himself . Rejected love is said to have been tho cause of tliese crimes . Wueat . —In March last , a blade of wheat sprung up in the garden of a poor man , at Shipbourne . It was cultivated and produced 40 ears of corn , having 2 , 013 grains . Another blade of wheat , of a . different description , also sprang up in the same garden , which produced 20 ears of corn , containing 1 , 392 grains .

      _Spakisu Ecoxomv . —The oil lamps at tho palace of of Madrid have been substituted lor the new gas ones lately put up , and the gasometer isto be pulled down . Thus cleanliness and splendour of light are sacrificed to make a yearly saving of about £ 00 , while _pecukvtion and extravagance run riot in every branchof the public service . Wholesale Bask Note Forgery . —A regular establishment for the fabrication of spurious bank notes bus just been discovered in one of the suburbs of Vienna . The principal delinquent is aged li yeara and , up to the time of discovery , lived in first rate : style .

      Caution to News Agents . . —It is the opinion of the solictoi ' -general and Mr . Peacock , that a London news agent is liable to a penalty of twenty pounds for sending any supplement to a newspaper to the coun * ti y hews agent wiiliout sending the _aewgpapsr with . it ; and that the country agent is also liable to a penaitv of twenty pounds for every supplement . which hc may sell or deliver , and without at the same time delivering out the newspaper to which the supplement belongs . Recruiting at a Discount . —The Time ? states that a difficulty is experienced at the present time in procuring a sufficient number of recruits for the Royal Artillery , and that the regiment is greatly short of the required strength . — " An officer of the corps has been in Scotland since the early part of August for the purpose of recruiting , and he has not succeeded ia obtainintt a single recruit . "

      The Quebec Svbscbiptwss . —The Canada _papea state that the subscriptions and contributions in all parts of the world for the relief of the sufferers by the two late destructive fires in . 'Quebcc , received up tothe 26 th of September , amounted to the sum of £ 62 , 136 18 s . 6 "d ., independently of a grant expected from the provisional treasury of - £ 20 , 000 .- Ofthis large amount , only - £ 900 came from the United States . Old Clo _' . —There died lately , at Kendal , a penurious bachelor , named John Stalker , a labourer in a coal yard , who left behind him twenty-eight complete , suits of clothes , most of which he had never worn ; fifteen new hats ; fifteen new shirts that had not ; once been in water ; as much cloth as would make eleven others ; handkerchiefs without number ; nineteen tea cannisters ; fifteen pint cans ; and a collection of pots and pans whieh would set up a vendor , besides a considerable sum of money which he never had the heart to expend on himself .

      Mod Law is America . —A portion of the citizens of Lexington have formed themselves into a band , termed "The Regulators , " painted and disguised aa Indians , and threaten to drive every free black from the city and country . Their first depredation was committed on the night of the 19 th Sept ., when they took a black preacher , stripped and whipped , him , and afterwards gave him a coat of tar and feathers . Every man feels it necessary to go armed in selfdefence , and an obnoxious word or sentiment exposes one to the fury of the populace . Thorwaldsen ' s Statue of Byron , after being , like its original , so long homeless , has arrived at Cambridge , and taken up , it may be presumed , its final abode , amid the scenes of his earner , and somo ofhis happiest , days . A Newspaper ix St . Helexa . —A newspaper waa published for the first time at St . Helena in June last .

      Escroaciimexts of THE Rcssiaxs . _—Iutclligeuce from Asia informs us ( says the _Constitutional ) that the Russians have just established themselves at _Eaterabad , an important port of Persia in the Caspian Sea . The Magnetic _TEiEGRAPii between New . York and Philadelphia will be completed on the 10 th of November , and that between Philadelphia and Baltimore on the 1 st of December , making an uninterrupted line between New York and Washington . The wires are conveyed under the waters of the Delaware and the North Rivers . Lowell Cottos Trade . —The number of persons employed iu the cotton mills at Lowell is 9 , 235 . Population of New York . —The census of the city ol New York , just taken , places the number of inhabitants at 300 , 000 .

      German Emigrants . —two hundred and eight German colonists arrived at Rio on the 26 th August , in the English barque George . The Brazilian Government is making great efforts to attract this useful class of emigrants to that country . Wolves in France . —Great numbers of wolve 3 have lately made their appearance in the neighbourhood of Dieppe , and done great mischief amongst the sheep and cattle . Those rapacious animals were previously quite unknown in that district . A Grand Scuemk is talked of in Holland , being no less than the draining up of the Zuydcr Zee , the whole of which was dry land a few centuries ago . Thu Last ok the "Monsters . "—The Corfc £ gporter gives a lengthened report of "the dinner to Mr . W . -Smith O'Brien , M . P ., at Limerick , on Wednesday last , and states it to be the '' lasfemoaster demonstration of 1845 . "

      Romantic Story . — The Birmingham Journal states that a young American planter , named Da Costa , of good family and immense fortune , recently , came over to England in search ofa wife , and visited some ofthe most fashionable cities , spending his money like a prince , without meeting the object of his search . At last , whilst standing at the door . of his inn in Birmingham , he saw and deeply admired a Miss Runnier , of Alcester , who was on a visit in the town , followed her , obtained the consent of her parents to pay his addresses to her , won her affections by the ardency and sincerity of his suit , and married her on Sunday week , at Alcester . church . The bride's eldest brother has set out with the newly married pair for America . 3

      Bread Stuffs . —We regret to see that this . odious American term is finding its way into our agricultural reports , arid instead of speaking of grain of which so much of the public iood is derived , wears told continually in the English , as : well as in the Irish and Scotch papers , of "the material rise _iwhich has already taken place in the value of bread stuffs , "' instead of in the value of . bread ; oriniie . valueof gram , —Leeds Mercury , " _"" _^ g * ¦ - _r- _> J

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), Nov. 8, 1845, page 7, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns4_08111845/page/7/