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THE NORTHERN STAR. ^^
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Higgins to be careful not to'giro any mo...
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THE FACTORY BILL. Manchester, TiiunsDAT....
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wrtttt Jtntelltonce
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OLDHAM. "~~ On Sunday last Mr. M'Grath d...
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Tim late Finn is Au>En\i.>.NnuiiT. — Ex-...
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uasette ioio BANKRUPTS."" '
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l rrumrriaays , August T:na, .y t Thomas...
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i Printed by DOUGAL M'GOWAN, of 17, . Groat IVindnn)- -
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street, Haymarket, in tbe City of Westmi...
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Transcript
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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Losdon Smitufielb Cattu: Makket, Mo.Nday...
31 EDICAL TRKAT . MEXT OF THE POOR JN THE NORTH AYLESFORD _L-MON . On AYcdncstlaj week a br . daiia 1 . er , of the nanw of _JolinTuckweU . _< _* iedat . Vortluleet , in tho parish of Xorthflect , andit having been alleged _by'hc overseers of the parish as wdl as the inhabitants , that bis death was occasioned by neglect on the part of the medical and relieving officers , " an inquest was held on thc requisition of the overseers to Mr . Garltar , Coroner for lVcst Kent , on "Friday . The case excited great interest in the district , as it was said that many similar instances of neglect by the proper officers bad occurred within the bi 3 ttwo or three years in the parish . Thc inquest was held at thc Queen ' s _llead public-bouse , before Mr . Carttar , and a iigbly respectable jury , of which Mr . G . Martyr of Jforlblicet , was foreman .
After thejury ivas sworn , and had viewed thc body , the 'Coroner proceeded to state , tliat be knew nothing whatever of the circumstances of the case which would be brought before them further than that , as be was informed , the deceased did not come by a violent death ; and , therefore , be did not thiuk it necessary that there should be a post zaortem examination . A charge of negleet was made against the medical officer of the union , and it would be for tha jury to decide whether such charge was well founded , or otherwise . Sarah _Tm-kwell , the mother of the deceased , identified the body as thatof her son , Jolm Tuckwell , who bad a few weeks before left her bouse in Londou to seek f .. r work as a brickmakcr . ire was , she added , not quite twenty-eight years of age , and was of a healthy and robust ronstitution , and not at all addicted to drink .
Mr . Philip Whiteombe , surgeon ( examined by the _toroncr ) , drposod that be was medical officer of thc union nf Xorth Aylcsford , which included thc parish of _Jiorthfleer , having been _apjioinzed to such office in _Xovember , 1313 ; tbat on the forenoon of the Gth iust . he received a note , signed by John Wiggins , assistant overseer of _Xorthflcet parish , requesting him to attend a man at Mrs . Gay ' s lodging-bouse , iu Bow-street , Xorthfleet , and that at four o ' clock in tiie afternoon of the same day be attended tlic deceased , whom ba found in bed , and covered with an eruption , which he ( Mr . lVIiitcoir . be ) _atonca pronounced to be small-pox . The man told bim that he had been ill on the Monday and Tuesday , bn _* r that on the previous Friday be bad been at work , and that when at work be could earn five shillings a dav . " I then , " continued
tlic witness , "told die woman , Mrs . Gay , that the man had small-pox , and to give bim arrowroot and gruel ; hut that , as he earned fire shillings a day , I did not consider him a pauper , and would not attend bim without an order from the relieving officer of the union . I sent bim a powder to bs administered , and tbat was the only medicine I sent bim . When leaving , I told JMrs . Gay , the woman of the bouse , I wonld not continue to attend the man unless she got an order for me to do so from Mr . Siddell , the relieving officer , who lived at _Sliorae . That was six miles off . I am compelled by my instructions to attend to an overseer ' s order only in cases of urgency , but in this case I considered that there was no urgency ; in fact , it was one tbat did not come under tbe rule . It was a case neither of urgency nor danger , in my opinion . I stayed with the
man but a sliort time , and I thougbtbe would go through the disease well , as it appeared to be iu a mild form . I left Mrs . Gay instructions to give bim arrowroot and gruel , and I hare since found tliat she followed those instructions . I did not consider Mm a proper object for such relief . I ordered bim no relief in tlie way of nourishment at tbe expense ofthe parish . I told the woman to supply liim trill * tbe necessary nourishment . Had he been a private , patient of mine instead of a parish patient , I _shou'd have thought it necessary to visit him again the folio-ring day , or the day after that , although the disease exhibited itself in a mild form . I considered bim in no danger . I reported bis case in my report of tbat night to tbe board of guardians at Rochester , as I made a report every Wednesday night for thc
board , wliich meets on tbe Thursday . In tbat report I entered tbe case and tlie nature of Ihe disease ; but that it was not a case of urgency . I paid no further attention to the case uutil the following Tuesday , when I learned , oa returning borne , tbat Mr . Iliggins bad called on me , to request me to attend a man lying at n lodging-house in _Rorthfleet . lobejed Mr . _ITrggins's order , and went about half-past four o ' clock in tbe afternoon to visit tlie man . I am positive tliat Mr . Iliggins left no message to the effect tliat tbe man was dying . 1 found tbe man suftering from small-pox , and thought it my duty to administer stimulants . I found , on inquiry from Mrs . Gay , that tho man , in tbe interval ofmy first aud second visit , bad gone on as well as be could do ; but he now , in tbe crisis of tho disease , required stimulants . I weut to Mr . lietts , the
overseer , and asked him to give an order for some wine , but he replied tbat tbe case was taken out of his hands by the Poor Lair guardians , who intimated to liim that he had no power to order anything for tho man . I theu administered to bun sonic wine mixed with water , and sent some medicine . There was then no _imnu-dinte danger of tbe man's dying , lie was in tha crisis of the disease , but I could not then undertake to say whether that crisis would ba favourable or otherwise . I visited liim again at ten o'clock tbe following morning , and thought he was going on favourably , and told tbe nurse so . 1 administered soma brandy , still folding that stimulants were necessary for bim , and directed the nurse to give bim the medicine occasionally . Late iu tlie afternoon of that day
( "Wednesday ) I met Mr . _ggiusin Gravesend , and learned fromliiu * . that the , man was dead . 1 wasnot surpr ised to bear be was dead ; but I cannot say that I expected it . A very few hours decides in that stage of the disease . I saw bim at the critical time on tbe Tuesday , that was on my second visit . In the interval of six days between my first and second visit , I do not think I could give him anything to alleviate bis disease . Had the case been brought under my notice through the proper channelthatis . by an order of the relieviug officer—I certainly should bave felt it my duty to see the man on the day following my first visit . I bave no doubt whatever that the man died from the effects of the disease . I am not compelled to visit any patient more than once in a case of emergency , on lhe overseer ' s order .
Mr . John Iliggins , assistant-overseer of Xcrthfleet parish , deposed , tbat on Wednesday , the Gth inst , he was directed by Mr . lietts , the overseer , to inquire into tbe condition of , the deceased , for whom application had been made to bim for an order for medical relief , and that if be ( Iliggins ) found tbe man a fit object for such relief be should give an order for the attendance of Mr , Whitcombe , tbe medical officer of the union . "Witness made the inquiry , and was told by Mrs . Gay , and other people in the house where the man lodged , that he was very bad and speechless , and be ( witness ) gave the order as directed by Mr . Betts . lie beard no more of the matter until the following Friday , when be was told by Mr . Wood , Poor Law guardiau , aud Mr . Siddell , relieving offij cer , tbat he bad no right to give the order , and tbat he must pay the medical officer for liis visit to tbe man . Until then be concluded tha ?* tbe medical officer
was in attendance on tbe man . On the morning of tbe following Tuesday Gay , tbe . keeper of tbe _lodging-house , called upon bim , and told him the man was dying , upon which lie went to Mr . Belts , who directed him , as his order was repudiated , to call on Mr . Wood , flic guardian , and apprise bim tbat tbe man was dying ; which bt did , and Mr . Vf ood toldblin to call on Mr . Whitcombe , and send bim to see the dying man . Witness called , aud not _peeing Mr . Whiteombe , left the message . On the following day beard that tbe man was dead , and , meeting Mr . Whiteombe iri Gravesend in the evening , he apprisedhim of it . Considered the man to bo _afltobject for parochial relief at the time the order was given . liad himself no authority , except by tho overseer ' s direction , to give an order . Felt himself bound to obey the overseer ' s order , particularly _>« bcnho was himself a witness of the urgency of the case .
John nemmiugs , cousin and fellow-lodger of the -deceased , deposed that be went on Wednesday , the Cth , vith au order for tbe doctor ( Mr . Whiteombe ) , who first told bim tbat bo would not attend to it , but who subsequently , inthe evening , came to see deceased . The doctor came no more to see liim until the Tuesday following , although he ( witness ) went on the Saturday and Sunday for bim , and each time left word for him that the man was very bad , aud on tbe last day be left word be was dying . Mr . W . Berts , overseer of Sortfleet parish , corroborated the evidence of SIr . _ltisgins , and said that lie did not linow , until _tbefollovriog Friday , bnt tliat the doctor was in attendance on the nian . On tbat day Mr . Wood and Mr . Siddell came to tbe Leather Bottle , and b * and Mr . IQggins meeting them there , were told tbat they bad acted _injrjaperly in giving an order for medical relief , and that they would-be "held responsible for the expenses . Mr .
Wood told bim IMr . _Bcttsl tbat he bad no right to interfere as overseer , and threatened bim , if he attempted to give another order , with serious consequences . On tbe following Tuesday morning was told that the man was dvin " , went to see bim , anil found bim in that condition , and directed Mr . Iliggins to call on Mr . Wood and apprise liim of it . Sent also for Mr . Whiteombe , who did not attend to his order , but about four o ' clock met Mr . Whiteombe , and told him tbat if be did not attend to tbe poor man , he ( witness ) would send another medical man to see him . JMr . Whiteombe s ubsequently came to witness and asked him for an order to get some wine for tbe man , intimating as much , as flatus was _ayins * hut witness declined giving an order , o _' i rvir . g , that the medical officer had the power to order temporary relief in a case of emergency and tbat his ( Mr . Bctts ' s ) order in the case had been already repudiated , both by the medical officer and the guardians .
Mrs . Gay deposed that she kept the lodging-house where deceased sickened and died ; that he had been about six weeks in the bouse , and was a stranger in the parish , and was occasionally employed in tbe brickfield close by . On Sunday fortnight be was taken ill , and on Tuesday he was insensible . In the afternoon of Wednesday , about half-past four o ' clock , the docter ( Mr . Whiteombe ) came to see bim , and on her asking him what was the matter with the man , he said itwas small-pox The doctor said be asked bun what he earned a day when at wort , and he said be conld earn 5 s ., upon which tlie doctor told ber that was as much as he could earn
himself , and that he would not attend the man any more . The doctor then went away , after telling witness to send for some medicine , which was done , and when brought in the evening , given to the man . The doctor said nothing about an order from Mr . Siddell , or about what 1 was to give the man . He gave no reason for discontinuing his attendance except thatthe man could earn as much as himself . Tha witness went on to state that she gave the aeceased arrowroot and _grnel , and a little brandy from _!^ _Lv e * _I- _^ - Sl , e bonS 1 lt _wrhim herself ; that on tor _^ J _^" 8 h , m semns worse _« shesent * ° « " ' Hob . tor , but the messenger , not seeing bim . left word that the m _^ aju ,, . She did not send to Mr . Betteor Mr
Losdon Smitufielb Cattu: Makket, Mo.Nday...
Iliggins on that day . The man was in no want of nourishment , as she got him what was wanted . He had but 2 s . when he was taken ill , and only worked occasional dajs in the week . Jane Goodman , a lodger in the house , corroborated the evidence cf the last witness , and deposed that she went on Friday for the doctor , but he would not come ; that messengers were sent again on Saturday and Sunday for him with an account that the man was dying . The deceased was _insensible on Friday when she went for the doctor , and he continued so except at intervals , when he was lightheaded . Attended him night and day . By a Juror . —I attended hiin because I could not see a fellow-creature perish without any relief .
Kk-hard Thomas Wood . —Is a Poor Law guardian for the par ish of _JSorthfleet . Resided in tho parish . First heard of this case on Friday wick from Mr . Iliggins , lhe assistant-overseer , who told him that the man was very ill with _smalt-pox . Kecollects now that it might be Tuesday last that Iliggins told hiin of it . Directed Iliggins to call on Mr . Whiteombe , and send him to attend tho man . _Think-i on consideration that it was last Tuesday . Coroner . —Surely , your memory cannot be so bad as that you cannot recollect an important fact occurring within a week ! Witnc-s . —I do not consider the thing important at all . Coroner . —Ilecollect yourself , Mr . Wood , and reply to mc distinctly . Do you mean to swear that you first heard of this case on the Tuesday from Mr . Iliggins ?
n _itm-s 3 ( with much hesitation ) . —It was brought under my notice at the board on Thursday , that is yesterday week . Heard what Mr . Betts stated in evidence , and tliere was not a word of truth in it . ( Great sensation . ) A Juror . —Do you mean to swear that you bad no conversation , or that there were no observations made at the Leather Bottle on that Friday , in respect to this man ' s case ? Witness . —The case was _csrtaiuly not officially brought uuder my notice I do not recollect if the case was mentioned at all on Friday . The case > vas brought by Mr . Whitcombe's report before the board ou that Thursday . Dues not recollect that the case was mentioned at the Leather Bottle . Knew there was no application made for an order to the ' relieving officer . The duty ofthe parlies was to make application to the relieving ofiicer , aud not to tlie overseer .
Coroner . —IIow do vou know that no application was made to the relieving officer ! Such application might be made without his knowledge 1 Thc _iritnesssn'earstoit because heknows there wasnot . By a Juror . — -Mr . Siddell , the relieving officer , received no directions from the board to inquire iuto the case . It was reported as a case of small-pox . I did uot consider the case an urgent one . Cannot say whether the relieviug officer received orders in writing from the board . George Siddell . —Is relieving ofiicer of North Aylesford Union , in which is the parish of _A' orthfleet . Lives at Shornc , about five ami a half miles from _Xorthflcet . Had no book of instructions respecting Ins duties from the board . There were printed orders as to the line of duty , but he bad not got them then . Knew ofthis case about a week this day—tbat is , Friday last—at the Leather
Bottle , Xortlifleet . Received no application for an order for relief for the man . Was at thc board of guardians on the day previous to that Friday . The medical officer reported the case as one of small-pox . Had no conversation with the medical man on the subject on that day ; but knew tbat be ( witness ) gave no order for relief . Did not know what took place on Friday last at the Leather Bottle between Mr . Betts and Mr . Wood ; but knew that he ( witness ) did bis duty . It was mentioned at the Leather Bottle , ou Friday , that the man was in a bad way , bnt he paid no particular attention to what was said . Xo application for relief was made to him . It is not imperative on bim to go and make inquiry when the medical man reports a case . Had no right to go and investigate into theexistence of any case , unless application was made to bim for an order lor relief .
To the Foreman . —It is a week this day since I learned that an order was made by the overseer in this case . , but I found no fault with that order . I did my own duty . Coroner . —Sir , I must insist upon you to be straightforward in your answers . This is a most important ease , and I am determined to thoroughly sift it . Was there on tlte Friday at the Leather Bottle any conversation respecting the deceased between Mr . Wood and Mr . Betts ? Witness —Tes , there was a good deal of talk between them , but I took it to be joke . A Juror . —A joke ! About a man dying for want of medical aid and nourishment . . Coroner . —Did you hear ou tbat day that the man was
dangerously ill ! Witness . —I did ; but I was not applied to for an order . Coroner . —Here it is clear that the relieving officer was made aware of the case and the necessity for relief ; and it cannot be doubted that it was his duty to afford that relief . It had , ns he admits , come to bis knowledge on the Friday that the overseers of the parish , finding the case one of emergency , had , as they were bound to do , given an order for medical relief . The medical officer also , as tbe relieving officer admit ? , reported the case to the board ; and now , sir ( addressing the witness ) , you must be aware , from the nature , of your instructions , that the case was neglected by you .
Witness . —There was no notice given to me by tile overseers tliat tliey bad given an order . The Foreman . —And here , on the day nfter tho medical m _.-iu ' _s report to thc board , is the relieving officer within a stone ' s throw of the dying man , whose state is actunlly the subject of conversation on tbe spot between him , Mr . Wood , a guardian , and tlie overseers , and the relieving officer makes no inquiry about the matter ! The Coroner ( to Mr . Betts ) . —What did Mr . Wood say to you on tlie Friday respecting your order for medical relief ? Mr . Betts . —Mr . Wood and Mr . Siddell distinctly told me that I acted improperly in giving the order , and threatened me and Mr . Uiggins for our interference in the case . Mr . Wood . —I deny it . ( Confusion . ) It is untrue .
The Coroner . —This quarrelling between the officers for administering tbe Poor Law in this union , and particularly in this parish , is disgraceful . This case is not the first instance of it that , by tbe death of poor people , lias been brought before me . Whilst you are _qusu-reUing the unfortunate paupers die without relief . I repeat , these quarrels amongst the officials arc a disgrace to the place . In this instance the overseers had a clear right to give tbe order , and which order should have been properly attended to . It is my opinion that you will be sent to Maidstone gaol one of these days on a verdict of manslaughter . Several of the jurors expressed their full concurrence inthe observations ofthe coroner ; and Mr . Ashdowne , one of them , added , that when be was overseer ofthe parish be bad to complain of similar conduct to the board of guardians and of the relieviug and medical officers to himself in similar cases .
The room was then cleared of all but tbe coroner and jury ; and on its being _re-opened to the public , the coroner recalled Mr . Wood for further examination . The Coroner ( to Mr . Wood ) . —You stated that when first you lieard ofthis case it was by chance , at the Leather Bottle , on the Friday , and you subsequently stated that the Teport of tbe medical man was made to tbe board of guardians at which you attended on the day previous ! Mr . "Wood . —1 think 16 tatcd everything as accurately as I recollected ; but I now think that tho report was not made by tbe medical man to the board until Thursday last . Coroner . —What , not till yesterday \ _T _* ou beard the medical officer state In evidence that he sent in a report ou the day after he drat visited the decenscd . If the report was not sent in till yesterday the doctor must have sworn falsely . Had you any conversation with _^ he doctor ( Mr . Whitcombo ) on the subject !
Witness . —Yes , on Tuesday lost , I think It wns , he told mo the man-was dying . Coroner . —Now recollect yourself , sir . Did you see Mr . Whiteombe yesterday , that is Thursday , week 1 Witness ( after a long pause ) . —Yes , I think I did , but I have no recollection of what was said . _Csroner . —Did you tell him ' that be need not go to the board of guardians tbat day , and that you would yourself bring the case of tbe deceased man before the board 1 Witness . —I did not . I have no recollection whatever of saying so to bim . Does not recollect having told any person tbat be bad met Mr . Whiteombe on that day , and offered to save him the trouble of attending the board . Attached no importance whatever to the matter . The Foreman . —I am sorry to hear you say so . The question of saving tlic life of a fellow-creature is of importance , and this is a most important inquiry .
Witness . —I did not thiuk it of any importance at all . I ( Sensation . ) I do not recollect that the case was at all brought under the notice of the board on yesterday week . Coroner . —What ! no mention of it in the report from the medical man to tbe board 5 Witness ( who appeared greatly excited ) . —I do not recollect . Coroner . —Sow , sir , recollect whether you did or did not say to any person that you had met on Thursday ( yesterday ) week Mr . Whiteombe , at the Crown , at Shorne , ou his way to attend the board of . guardians at Rochester , and thatyou told him you would save him the trouble of going , as you would yourself bring the case of the sick man at Xorthfleet before tlie board ? Witness . —I do not recollect . It was not at the Crown I met bim . Coroner . —Surely you can recollect whether you said so or not to any person !
Witness ( aftera long pause ) . —I may have said so ; but I conceive that what I said to Mr . Whiteombe has nothing to do with this inquiry . Coroner . —It has a great deal to do withit , and thejury must hear it . * The room was again cleared , and , after the lapse of a few minutes , on its re-opening , The Coroner recalled Mr . Siddell and Mr . Wood , and said to them , —This inquiry has assumed a character of so mnch public importance tbat thejury concur with me in the propriety of adjourning it until Tuesday next , at half-past three o ' clock , when we shall require your attendance . You , Mr . Siddell , will be required to produce the printed orders or instructions for the relieving officer , to which you referred in your evidence ; and you , Mr . Wood , an required to produce the book oi tbe board in which entries are made ofthe medical officer ' s reports . Mr . Wood . —But suppose the board do not allow me to baveit ?
Coroner . —Then I shall again adjourn the inquest , and summon every number ofthe board of guardians before me . T must have the reports which Mr . "Whiteombe swore t _« having made to the board both on yesterday
Losdon Smitufielb Cattu: Makket, Mo.Nday...
week and again on yesterday / respecting the case ofthe decease 1 . Mr . Wood . —I think I may undertake to say , on the part of the hoard , that tliey will be produced . Coroner . —It is essential that they should . I repeat , if they are not , I will adjourn lhe inquest again on Tuesday , and summon the guardians before me . The inquest was then adjourned to half-past tliree on Tuesday , having continued from half-past one to near six o ' clock . The most respectable inhabitants of the parish were present during the proceedings , wliich appeared to hare excited a deep interest amongst all classes in the neighbourhood . It is understood , that one of the assistant Poor Law commissioners will attend to watch the proceedings on _Tuustiny . CONTINUATION AND _TERMINATION OF THK INQUEST .
At half-past three o ' clock on Tuesday thc inquest on the body of John Tuckwell , at Xorthfleet , wliich liad been adjourned on Friday last , was resumed . Long before the arrival of the coroner the village of _Noriliflect was thronged with gentlemen from the neighbourhood ; and the largo room in whicli the inquest was held was densely crrfwded the moment thc coroner arrived . Thero were present the authorities ofthe surrounding parishes , and some of the union guardians , with several medical practitioners , anil all parlies appeared to beintenscly interested iu the proceedings . It having been intimated to tlie coroner on the previous day , by the foreman ami other members of thejury , that they had heard that the board of guardians of the union would not allow thc documents required by the jury to bo prodnccil , or their clerk to attend the inquest , as directed by the coroner , the latter gentleman immediately " issued his autnniona fur the clerk , with an order to produce those documents on the adjourned inquest .
Previous to the examination of the clerk of the board of guardians , The Coroner directed Mr . Wood , the Poor Law guardian of Northfleet parish , to withdraw from thc room , until his presence for re-examination should be required . . The reports ofthe medical officer ( Mr . Whiteombe ) for the two weeks previous to the death of John Tuckwell , and the printed instructions ofthe hoard to the relieving officer , were handed in by John Simpson'Billiard , of Strood , Rochester , who deposed that ho was clerk to the hoard of guardians ofthe North Aylesford Union ; that he was present at the meeting of the hoard on Thursday , the 7 th of this month , when the report of . tho medical officer
now produced was laid before it . In that report the Jast case on the list was that of Jolm [ lemmings , for small-pox . The deceased was reported by that name , but it has since appenred that his real name was John Tuckwell . Tho report indicated that he was visited by the medical officer on the Cth , but nothing in tho shape of relief was ordered for him . No minute was made ofthe case in the books of thc board . No such case would be thc subject of a minute or a resolution oftlie board . The regular coarse of _prr-cecding was to leave the case in the hands of the medical officer , who was left a discretionary power by the board to attend cases as long as he deemed it neces _arjr . The medical officer liad printed instructions to guide him in the performance ofhis dutv . Thc document he
now produced was the copy ot those instructions , printed by order of the board on thc 12 th of March , 1 S 12 . Had the doctor appliod for advice to the board _aatohow he should act in this case he would have received it , but no order was made or directions given to the doctor ; therefore , he ( witness ) inferred that it was not applied for . It was very unusual for the board to give any such orders at all . Had no recollection that the special notice of the hoard was directed to the case ofthe deceaseddn the 7 th . There was some discussion on it , and something said about the liability of the overseers of Northfleet as to giving the order for medical relief , as it was stated that the man was in circumstances which placed him in a position far above that of a pauper . Mr . Whitcbinbe
was not then present . Could not undertake to say which member of the board brought -tiny conduct of the overseers in this case under its consideration . It was a subject ef discussion whether the man ought or ought not to be attended by the medical officer . Had no doubt that the case , was laid before the board by the relieving officer , Mi " . Siddell ; but the board , as witness supposed , left it to the discretion of the medical officer , to continue or discontinue his attendance . The medical officer is bound to attend on the order ofthe overseers in cases of emergency , and continue his attendance whilst necessary . In this case the board certainly did not restrict him from attending . The medical officer has no right to decide whether a patient he is so ordered to attend
is a pauper or not , or entitled to relief or not . 7 Had no doubt that the medical officer ought in this case to hare continued the relief . It was the duty of the board to stop it if the patient was in circumstances above a pauper . Mr . Wood was certainly present at the board and at thc discussion on this case on tho 7 th . __ Does not recollect whether Mr . Wood took a particular part in it , or brought it under the notice of the board . Reference was made to Mr . _Higgius giving orders for medical relief , and it was observed that in this case the man earned 5 s . a-day . Cannot recollect whether Mr . Wood was the _jjct'son who mentioned it . The relieving officer lwing in the parish where tho sick man was on the day after tho discussion upon his case ought to have inquired into it . There were no directions given to any person by
the board to inform the overseers of Northflect that they had acted improperly in giving the order for relief in this case , and that they should pay the expenses . _N o individual guardian has , as guardian , a right to interfere with the medical or relieving oflicers or tho overseers' duties , and in this particular case there certainly was no order given by the board to any individual member of it to interfere with tho overseers , or the medical or relieving officers , or to tell the overseers that they had acted improperly in giving the order for relief . Coroner . —Then you are positive that no direction was given to any person by thc board to tell Mr . Betts and Mr . Iliggins that they had acted improperly ? 'Witness . —There certainly was not , that I recollect .
Mr . Whiteombe , the medical officer , was next called , and , after repeating what he stated in evidence on Tuesday , respecting the instructions lie left the woman , Mrs . Gay , as to thc treatment of the man , he further deposed that he had made the second report on the day the man died . That on the 7 th he was at Shornc , and met Mr . Wood , to whom he mentioned the case . Mr . Wood was then going to attend the board . Said to Mr . Wood that the overseers of NorthHeet had called on him ( witness ) to attend a man who was not a _paupsr , and whom ' lie was not justified in attending . Does not recollect what " Mr . Wood saidin reply . Cannot undertake to swear that Mr . Wood told him he ( Mr . Wood ) would . bring the
case that day beforo the board , and that he would take good care to put a stop to the overseers giving orders for relief . Cannot distinctly swear that Mr . Wood did not say so . Does not perfectly recollect the conversation between him and Mr . Wood on that day , but can with certainty say itwas about this cam Small-pox is undoubtedly a malignant and contagious disease , and requires close attention , but this case was one ofa mild form . Discovered it to bo so again on his second visit . If he tlvovight it a dangerous case on the first visit would have attended on the overseer ' s order . Did not think the caso one of _nrgoney , nor tho man a'fit object for parish relief . Thinks that he has as medical officor a right to de _^ cide as to the question of who is or is not a lit object for such relief .
Coroner . —You have no right to decide on that question . Thatisthe duty of tho boardof guardians . You obeyed tho orerseers order to visit the man , thinking the case one of emergency . It tvas your duty to have continued your attendance until directed by the board to discontinue it . The board had to decide as to the question of pauperism , and not you . Witness . —I differ with you on that point . It is my duty to ascertain if the person I aiti ordered by thc overseers to visit is a proper object for parochial relief . Coroner . —You have a discretionarypoxver tojudge as to thc urgency of tho case , but not as to the poverty of the patient . Witness . —I differ altogether from you . I found in this case that the man was not destitute , and that there was neither urgency nor emergency in the case . . ¦ ¦ __ .
Mi-. Betts re-examined . —Before directing Iliggins to give the order , he ( witness ) investigated thc case , and found that thc man was destitute and very unwell . After giving the order , he again inquired into the man ' s condition and circumstances , and found them to be as _presented to him at first ; and since then he ( Mr . Betts ) found on further inquiry that the poor man had onlv an occasional days work , and that out of the few shillings he earned in the week he sent . _^ portion to liis aged mother tor her support . Witness only regretted now that he had not known in the first instance the great destitution and dangerous disease of the unfortunate
young man , that he might have given an order for proper medical attendance and nourishment . ( A burst of cheering in the court . ) Mr . Whiteombe ( to Mr . Betts ) . —If the man was destitute , as you say , why did you not give an order for relief ? The order you gave would not fill his Stomach . ( Hisses . ) The Foreman ( indignantly ) . —No , it would not fill Ins stomach , but it ought tb have procured him proper medical relief , and if you knew your dutv you ought to know that you had it in your power to order the necessary nourishment , and you should havo done so . ( Another burst of cheers , which , however , tlic coroner repressed . )
Mr . Siddell , the relieving-oflicer , re-examined . — Admitted that , from what he had learned since his first examination , he had not done his dutv in this case ; that hewas bound to inquire into" it after it was brought under his notice on the 7 th ; but that he waited , as he did in all cases , for an application that on the 7 th he lieard of the case first at the board of _guardians Was not present at the discussion upon it . Sat in an outer room , and waited till called in by a ring of the bell when wanted . Mr . Smith was chairman of the board that day . Mr . Wood wa present , The chairman told witness to tell Mr ,
Losdon Smitufielb Cattu: Makket, Mo.Nday...
MR . GREEN'S NIGHT ASCENT WITH FIREWORKS FROM VAUXIIALL GARDENS . FB 1 GUTBDI , ' DE 5 CEXT _, LOSS OF THE HALLOO ! , ' , AND NARROW ESCAPE 01 ' TIIE AERONAUT . This intrepid aeronant made his second ascent , with fire-works , on Wednesday ovcninglast , from the Royal Gardens , Yauxhall ; and a more brilliant pyrotechnic spectacle was perhaps never witnessed far exceeding in splendour his former aerial trip from the Royal " property . " The weather ( for a novelty ) , happily , proved propitious , and tho attendance of spectators , including a vast number of members oftlie beaumonde , was immense , in fact , there could not have been less than GOOD persons present , in addition to vast crowds which had assembled in the nei ghbourhood of Kcnnington , Vauxhall _, and tlic other bridges , and at every point and eminence from whence a view ofthe ascent could be obtained .
_, _lhepi'ocossofiiifIationliaving : bccn completed , Mr . Green gave the signal lor ascent at about a quarter to eleven 0 clock , and when the balloon , which took an easterly direction had attained an altitude of about . 100 feet , Mr . Green fired the fusee , andthe ignition immediately occurred by the bursting forth of an overpowering blaw of bright white light . It
Losdon Smitufielb Cattu: Makket, Mo.Nday...
then changed to a radiation of crimson , producing a sudden and beautiful effect . After tliis another chan"C of colour to emerald green took place , the JightYroiu which was extremely brilliant , It then mutated to a superb shower ot lire ( Le Amid d Or ) , and a more beautiful effect could not possibly be produced bright gold stars being showered 111 prolusion . It .-vain changed , when an enormous bouquet of coloured stars was projected a la bombardiiicnt _. aiul continued pouring forth lor a considerable tunc . As a finale , a simultaneous burst ol myriads ol variegated stars took place , which appeared to encompass thc " entire " 'horizon , and a more gor-« cous display of coloured fires was never attempted . _Thn-imr Tnursdav the most fearful rumours prevailed
relative to the death of the daring and adventurous aeronaut , who , it was reported , had lost his life by the destruction of his balloon , occasioned , as it was stated , by a spark from the fireworks attached to the car igniting the gas . It is true that the balloon with all its apparatus is lost—that Mr . Green effected one of the most fearful descents ever recorded in the annals of aerostation — that he became entangled with the netting—tliat he was dragged between four and five miles in the direction of the River Medway , but his life was miraculously spared , liis only injuries being a few severe bruises . Tlie following particulars of thc perilous trip have been communicated by Mr . Green : — " At the time I left the gardens the wind was blowing west by south , consequently thc balloon took a direction of almost due oast . The
wind continued in the same quarter during thc whole ' of my voyage . I crossed the Surrey Zoological Gardens , and then got away towards Greenwich , Charlton , and Woolwich . The balloon then bore offacross the river to the opposite shore , in the direction of Purfleet , I could have then effected a landing several times had the wind dropped , and had I had assistance , but I knew that if 1 attempted a descent with such a boisterous gale , and 110 help at hand , I should hare been carried on to the river . The balloon continued its course till it arrived at Gravesend Reach . I kept at a very low altitude ; in fact , at times I was close to the shore , and near to . the . water ' s edge . On arriving at a place , which I think is marked in my man as ( Jsterland , 1 endeavoured to
descend , but the balloon dragged along the land for at least three or four miles , the wind still blowing with great violence from the west ; the car at length got into " a deep dyke , nnd I thought that I should be enabled to empty thc balloon of the gas . I opened the valve , and then got outof thc car ; but no sooner had I set my feet on the bank ofthe dyke than 1 became entangled in the netting . A gust of wind suddenly drove the balloon out of the ditch , and I was dragged along thc ground , till at length the car became secured in another and deeper dyke , I endeavouring the . whole ofthe time to disengage myself from the netting . I f _..-r the _firj-t time in mv Hie now became alarmed for my safety . I thoiight of my knife , and happily found it in my pocket . 1 then commenced cutting away with the greatest vigour , but the cordage being of peculiar fabric , I experienced tlie greatest difficulty in liberat ' uv'iYivself . The oscillation of thc balloon now
beeiimefriglitfu ! , but I held 011 it firmly , wdl knowing from the escape of gas , that its ascending power was gone , and that it could only drift with the wind . 'Becoming exhausted , I let go , and the balloon wen t away , car , grapnel , barometer , and my other _meteorological instruments , apparently in the direction ot _Queenboi-oiigh . It was very dark at the time , but 1 could distinctly discern the balloon make three or four halts bet _' ore it became invisible . I .: then made my way along the banks ofthe river towards Gravesend , without meeting a soul or finding a house open , a distance from the spot where I left the balloon ' of at least eighteen or twenty miles . I arrived at Gravesend about half-past six o ' clock , and , to prevent being annoyed by the questions of strangers , I preserved a strict tncoi / nito . I shall , however , visit Vauxhallgardens tu-morrow ( Friday ) evening , to receive the congratulations of my Menus . "
The Northern Star. ^^
THE NORTHERN STAR . _^^
Higgins To Be Careful Not To'giro Any Mo...
Higgins to be careful not to ' giro any more orders for relief ; but gave him ( witness ) no instructions to inquire into the case ; neither was he told not to attend to it . Heard the conversation which , as stated by Mi ' . 'Belts ' in evidence , took place at . the Leather Bottle hetw _< . ' en that gentleman and Mr . Wood in respect to tliis case . The chairman's message was theu delivered to Mr . Iliggins . Did not in his former evidence mention what passed on that day , because he thought it was all humbug between Mr . Betts and iMr . Wood . . A Juror . —Pretty humbug , indeed , over an unfortunate man dying for want of medical relief and nourishment ! - ... . , ¦ ,,,
Mr . lietli recalled . —Mr . Wood distinctly told Mr . Ilio-ginsaml him at the Leather Ilottle on Friday , the 3 th , that they had acted improperly in giving the order for medical relief , and dared thein to attempt diving another order . Mr . Wood added , that he _fBetts ) wanted to get at the top of the chimney , but he would be kept down in his attempt to climb . Mr . Wood was riext called , bat he did not answer to the call . ,,. , ¦ _- . Tho constable was directed to find lum , and , after the lapse of a quarter of an hour , the constable returned , and stated that Mr . Wood could be nowhere found / A messenger ' was then despatched to Mr . Woods house , ami in about another quarter of an hour tbo niessengcr returned , and stated that Mr . Wood had not _goiio home . " After suiiie further inquiry for him , it was stated hv the constable that ho was seen about an hour
before going towards Swanscome-wood . Tho Foreman said , that the conduct of Mr . Wood was very contemptuous towards the court . The Coroner assured the jury , that whatever evidence Mr . Wood chose to give if now before them , it could assist them but little , if at all , in coining to a verdict . Jle had called on Mr . Wood for the purpose of giving that gentleman an opportunity of making an explanation , which might perhaps prevent thc odium which his keeping out of the waymust now heap upou him . A . s he did not think proper to take advantage of that opportunity , the consequences must rest with himself . If , however , thc jury thought it necessary to have Mr . Wood before them , he would adjourn for a time . The room was then cleared of all but the coroner and jiiry , and , 011 its re-opening , Everett , the constable , was directed to again call Mr . Wood ; which ceremony _havii-g been performed ,
The Coroner proceeded to sum up the evidence , commenting 011 it with great minuteness of detail as he proceeded . It was , he said , with the deepest anxiety he addressed the observations which he found it to be his duty to make to them upon the evidence brought before them . This investigation was called for in a way different from others , —being held at the request of thc properly constituted authorities ofthe parish , who appeared to think that the deceased hail not had the proper medical relief ordered for him , or proper nourishment . The poor man died from a virulent attack of small-pox , —a disease , in itself , ofa malignant character , and which required to he carefully watched from its commencement . Now , it was to be extremely regretted' that the medical
gentleman , notwithstanding 'his notion that the case was not one of danger , had not continued his attendance , knowing , as he must have Iniown , that such complaint required careful medical attendance . Even though he were not strictly bound to continue his attendance on the ordcrof the overseer , humanity ought to have induced him to do so . This was a case whichcame home to thc feelings of every man . The deceased was destitute and dangerously ill of a malignant disease ; he was ordered by the proper authority the necessary relief , and the case having fatally terminated after that relief was withheld , the supposition naturally arose that if thc relief had been continued the man would not have died .. He ( the coroner ) regretted that any ground for a charge of neglect . should have been given by the medical ofiicer of the union , but the case was one which demanded strict investigation . It appeared in evidence that the deceased when at work earned 5 s .
a-day , but that his work was only occasional ; that out of his earnings ho supported his mother , and that he had no more than two shillings in his possession when forced into the bed of sickness by a malignant disease . In this state application . was made to the overseer residing close by , who very properly directed that upon due inquiry into the condition and circumstances of the man , by thc _assistantdvei'ieer , an order for medical relief should be given . That order , much to the credit ofthe medical officer , was attended to by him ; and ho , learning thatthe man could earn 5 s . a-day , and finding , as he stilted in evidence , that the case was not dangerous or one of emergency , discontinued his attendance , giving , however , as he further stated , instructions to the woman of the house how to treat the man . Now , he ( the coroner ) must say that he believed that such instructions were given , because it was the practice of all medical men to direct how a case should be
treated . The medical officer then made a report to the board of giinrninns on ' the very day he visited thc man on the overseer ' s order , but that report was certainly imperfect , as it did not particularly draw the attention of the board to this case , as it ought to have done . Such attention was , however , directed towards it by some other party , and Mr . Siddell , the _relieving-olRcer , candidly admitted to the jur _^ that day that he had not performed his duty by inquiring , as he ought to have * done , into the case . The evidence of the officers examined was altogether denied by Mr . Wood , who thought proper to absent himself , and who must take the responsibility of so doing . Mr . Wood particularly denied having met Mr . Whiteombe on Thursday , the 7 th , but Mr . Whiteombe not only confirmed thc fact of having met him , but stated thc conversation , in as far as he could recollect it , that passed between him and Mr . Wood in respect to this case , and there could be no doubt but that it was Mr . Wood who communicated that day to the
board the circumstances of the case as mentioned to him by Mr . Whiteombe . It was really discreditable and disgraceful to the parish authorities to squabble as they did , and in their petty quarrelling to neglect , as they hnd done , thc relief ofthe poor . This unfortunate man might be now living if he had been duly attended to _/ and had had ' medical relief in the early stage of his disease . It appeared that he was unattended to by thc medical officer from Wednesday , thc Cth , to thc following Tuesday , leaving an interval of six days without any medical or other parish aid , and such neglect , from whatever cause it might arise , was greatly to be deplored . Such cases threw odium upon thc Poor Law , tho principle of which was good , but the administration of which was
too often improperly conducted . ( Cries of "Hear , hear , " from all parts of thc room . ) Although the medical officer in this case unadvisedly discontinued his attendance , he ( the coroner ) considered the relieving officer more blameable , and Mr . Wood the most blameable of all : for it appeared , from what transpired in evidence , that he had , as local guardian , improperly interfered with the medical and . relieving officers' duties , when ifc was clear he had no power or right to interfere e . t all with or exercise any authority over any officer of tho union in his individual capacity as guardian . In this case , it waa ovident that Mr . Wood did interfere __ and exercise an improper or illegal authority ( loud cries of "hear , hear" ) , and that Buck
interference , in a case terminating fatally , as tliis poor man ' s did , subjected the party bo interfering to a verdict of "Manslaughter . " ( Cheers . ) The coroner concluded a long and able address to the iury , by a recommendation to them to give such a vordict in tho caso as would satisfy the public mind that strict justice should bo done ; and expressed a hope that they Would norer again be called together upon an occasion so peculiarly painful , lie also made some strong observations upon the necessity aud propriety of printing , forthe information of the parochial authorities ofthe union , and for the satisfaction of thc payers of poor-rates therein , as well as of the poor themselves , the rules and regulations oftlie board . Thejury having deliberated about half an hour , returned the following verdict at a quarter to eight o ' clock : — " Our verdict is that John Tuckwell died
from natural causes , viz ., the small-pox ; and we much regret that so little attention has been paid to the patient in the early , part of thc disease / apparently in consequence of the undue interference oftlie local guardian with tho overseers and relieving ofiicer . " Throughout the proceedings this day the room continued to be crowded with the resident gentry ofthe neighbourhood , who manifested an extraordinary interest in them . It may not be irrelevant to remark , that the poor-rates collected in the parish of Northfleet amount to over £ 1 , 500 a-year , and that it is publicly reported , not " officially" reported , that , £ 200 of that sum isthc whole amount of annual expenditure for the relief , medical and otherwise , of the poor of thc parish .
The Factory Bill. Manchester, Tiiunsdat....
THE FACTORY BILL . Manchester , TiiunsDAT . —Last night a numerous meeting ofthe Lancashire Central Short-time Committee was held at the Red Lion Inn , London-road , for the purpose of taking into consideration the best course to adopt to secure the passing of the measure next session . The proceedings commenced about eight o'clock . The Chairman said—Gentlemen , tho secretary and myself have thought it right to call you together specially this evening , to lay before you " the state of the question , and te enter into serious deliberation as to the best course to be adopted in , the next session of Parliament . Thc great question , gentlemen , for our consideration to-night is , what « hnll now lid _rlnnft in _sopilrft thl > _simfit-ss ftF
_nnilabours next year ? Many off us hare been engaged in this grand cause for upwards of twenty years , and although our efforts have not been crowned with success , we have done much to improve the condition of the factory workers ; but there is still much more to be done . . " . When first wc undertook this good but arduous task wc were looked upon as something worse than madmen : wc were told that the profits of our masters depended upon the last hour ' s labour of the day , and that any reduction of thc working time would ruin the manufacturers of the country . We knew better than this , and the result proves we iverc right . Night work has , by our exertions and those of our friends in Parliament , been abolished ; the working . hours have been reduced by act of
Parliament from fourteen and fifteen hours a-day to twelve , and some oftlie most extensive masters in the kingdom have gone a step furclier , and are now working eleven hours without any corresponding' reduction of wages , and notwithstanding these reductions of time , the manufacturers were never in so prosperous a condition as at the present moment . Let these facts be but fully understood , and I fear not the result of the forthcoming struggle for a ten hours bill . On looking over the list of the two divisions on the 22 nd of March last , I find that nearly three-fourths of the members representing manufacturing communities voted with Lord Ashley . We shall not readily forget that day when , on two separate divisions , our friends defeated the Government . On a careful analysis of tliose
divisions , I find that thirty-two members representing manufacturing districts and boroughs , voted for ten hours a-day , whilst only nine representing similar places , voted against us . This is a fact which ought to be well understood by the constituencies of agricultural districts . The plan which I have now to submit for your consideration will , I think , if adopted , do much to secure success . It is , of course , only suggested for the consideration ol * this and the district committees , and which I shall now lay before you . First , that a fund of £ 500 at least be raised by subscription ; secondly , that convenient offices be taken in Manchester , and a permanent secretary engaged to conduct the correspondence , 'Ac . '; third , that meetings be held in every agricultural borough in the kingdom , and that petitions be procured from every place where meetings arc held , also a
memorial to their member or members , requesting them to Biipport the cause of the factory children , wul praying them not to prevent , by their _votsa , tho manufacturing members from improving tbe condition of tlieir own constituents ; fourth , that petitions be prepared from evory mill in tho kingdom to be ready for presentation on tho first night of next session ; fifth , that petition * be got up , signed by the clergy and medical profession in each town , and , in eveiy case where practical , headed by the vicar , dean , or bishop , as the case may be ; and sixth , that petitions be oDtaincd from as many millowners as possible in favour of short time . I submit this plan for the consideration of this committee , and hope it will receivo their approval . There is another point to which I wish to call your attention , that is the propricty of soliciting a meeting of the master manufacturers , with a view of devising some scheme for abridging the hours of labour to ten hours , which would meet their approbation . It has ever been the wisn
arm aim ol this committee to maintain a good feeling between masters and men ; and I do hope that it they meet us , we shall be able to agree _imon some plan or draught of a bill to bo ' submitted to 1 arliament _n-h-ch _-R-IU be acceptable to . both , ami thereby avoid the possibility of any ill-feeling which out too frequently arises out of sueh contests . If thev refuse to meet us , we are not to blame ; and if they do meet us , much good may result from it . But I leave these suggestions for the committee to deal with as they think best . After some discussion , thc tollowiii ? resolutions were unanimously adopted :-ihat the plan submitted by the chairman be submitted to a select committee appointed for that purpose , and that they be requested to report to tho
next committee meeting . " " That the secretary be instructed to write to Mr . Henry Asliworth , of Turton , near Bolton , requesting to know if he will call a meeting of masters to meet a deputation of the central and district short-time committees , with a vie v of agreeing upon the draught of a bill to be sub muted to Parliament next session . "
Wrtttt Jtntelltonce
wrtttt _Jtntelltonce
Oldham. "~~ On Sunday Last Mr. M'Grath D...
OLDHAM . " ~~ On Sunday last Mr . M'Grath delivered a vow energetic lecture on thc " Land Co-Operative Allnt mont System , " in the Working Mai _& Hall S meeting was thinly attended , in consequence of tin camp meeting at Middleton . The lecturer treated the subject ma very lucid and argumentative mauner , and was listened to with great attention
_m BARNSLEY . At the weekly meeting of thc Barnsley branch of the Cnar 1 st Co-operative Land Association Mr )\ nhani Pearson , president , in the chair , the following resolution was passed * . — "Tint if _«« , _««•• of this branch _thatit would be _j' £ ? S $£ T & partofthedirectorsto publish Mr . O'Connor ' s abe cttcr on the Lani of the 26 th of only , i „ _chean form , as its _circulafc on must liavea beneficLl e _? _fiffin _^
_ _ , LONDON . Cut LocAOTr .--. Mr . Cooper ' s second lecture was _ininici'ously attended , last Sunday _^ _fi _^ M ? ihe tfioad _1-Jag of _I-ree _^ m now wi T _ca iu the
Oldham. "~~ On Sunday Last Mr. M'Grath D...
wind had been sung by the choir and audience the chairman introduced the lecture by some elomient observations on the democratic'importance of such -l subject as Ancient Greece . . Mr . C _. ' s lecture vfai ' u occupied two hours and a half in delivery and it will , therefore , be readily understood that o ' _uVlimiu will not permit us to do justice to his address ; suffice it is to say that the magnificent themes of the Athe man democracy , the struggles of Marathon , Thermo * pvl » , _Salaniu , _andl'latwa ; the elevated characters of Pericles , Demosthenes , and Socrates , and a huil . drcd other . splendid subjects connected with Greekhistory were dealt with in such a mode as to excite deep ani . _hcart-stimng interest . We anticipate great and lasting good as the fruit of the delivery of these instructive addresses . * UI _Dkiiociutic Movement . —At a _meetim- _„ ¦ ., „ . _crnts of several nations , held attl . A 3 We IZ street , _^ _iaekfriars-road , Mr . Charles Keen ntho chair , it was moved by Mr . Cooper , and second i t Citizen Lngels , Ihat a public meetim : oftlie , \ , JI
crats ol all nations / residing i » London , he called to consider thc propriety of forming au As _* omtion fur thc purpose ot meeting each other at certain times and getting by this means a better _knowled-eof the movements for the common cause go . ng on m their respective countries ; " which resolution was carried unanimously . The meeting to be held at thc South London Chartist Hall , Webber-street , BJackfriarsroad , on Monday evening , September 1 st , at ei » lit o ' clock . ° _Mi-TitorouTAN * District Council . — On Sumlav afternoon last this Council met iu the Hall , Turn ' - agaiii-lanc . Mr . Perry was called to the chair . The delegates having given in their reports , it was a"rectl
that the general meeting of the Chartists of ' London should be postponed . On thc motion of Messrs Mills and Simpson , itwas resolved "That this Com- ! cil recommend that no one be recognised as a Chartist lecturer unless ho is « paying member of the ' association . " Mr . John Arnott moved , seconded by l | r John Simpson , "That this Council hold _theirineeU ings monthly . " Aiessrs . Wheeler , Mills , and others having expressed tlieir opinions , it was ultimatel y arranged tliat the question be referred to the forth _, coming general meeting . It was likewise resolved " That Mr . John Frederick Linden be presented with credentials an a lecturer . " The Council then " adjourncd .
Bhiohto . v Railwav Tmi' . — The committee ft r managing" the excursion met on Wednesday cvtu . ing , lor a final settlement of tho accounts , when , all demands being discharged , it was unanimously agreed that the balance in hand should be retained for the purpose of getting up an entertainment to commemorate the event of the full establishment ol the Land Society , by the electing of permanent directors , die . Due notice will be given of the time and place . A vote of thanks was unaiiiniou & Iv given to the Brighton friends for tlie hospitality evinced hy them on the occasion of thc trip . - ' and the committee adjourned for a fortnight .
Tim Late Finn Is Au>En\I.>.Nnuiit. — Ex-...
Tim late Finn is Au _> En \ i . > . NnuiiT . — _Ex-niAor . - DlNAItr _LWESTWATIOX , _AXll _ImVOHTAST PoWElt OF Tim Coro . vek . —On Thursday at noon , a jury of the inhabitants of thc ward of Cripplegate-witliin were impanelled before Mr . W . Payne , the City coroner at the School-house , Philip-lane , Aldermanbury , to inquire into the cause of the late lire 011 thc premises of . Messrs . Bradbury and Co ., Manchester-warehousemen , of Aldermanbury . Thc emmer , on tukinf ' his seat , said ho would take the liberty of stating as the present was rather a novel proceeding , whv ' ho had p iled them together . Latterly the number of fires in London had considerably increased , and _irlien they took into consideration that _nothiii" was so
tearful as fire , they would be of opinion with him that when they had the power to inquire into tlie causes of such fires , nothing could be more important to the pubiicat large than that thc cause should be closelv investigated . The ancient authorities showed that iii olden times it was the practice ofthe coroner to inquire into all burnings within Jiis district , and fhat power still belonging to the coroner , although fallen into desuetude , he thought they would be of opinion witli him that it was mostimportant that it should again l ) e brought into force . Iu "Home ' s Mirror of Justice " the duties of the coroner were clearly laid down , and among those duties the coroner was to inquire of all burnings , wlwther they wero caused by felonv or mischance . If they were of opinion that thev
had been set on fire with a felonious intent , then it was their duty to inquire and ascertain who the party was who was guilty of that felonv . It was clear , therefore , in thc olden time , that part of the coroner ' s duty was to inquire into all burnings ¦ _„• and he need not say how necessary it was to revive it at the present time . No one had the powerto inquire into the causes of a tire—not even a magistrate , unless a party was in custody charged with causing it . The persons living in the neighbourhood ofa fire were always most anxious to knowhow it occurred , and he thought the public would think that ho had done no more than his duty in summoning a jury to inquire into the circumstances ot the late fire , who also might , by any suggestion thrown out , prevent , in a great measure , fires being so numerous . Hehad directed a number of persons to be summoned to give evidence as to thc cause of thc recent lire in Aldermanbury , so that they might to
come a proper verdict , whether it was caused bv accident or otherwise . Aslier Cousins , a packer iii the service of Messrs . Bradbury , ( Jreatorex , and Beall , proved discovering the lire about twenty minutes before eight o ' clock on Monday night , lit thc cellar under thc packing-room . The smoke was commg up through an iron grating ; and on his going into the cellar , which was used for lcficping boxes aiid papers in , he saw a pile of paper on fire " lie tried to put the fire out , but was unable . No one was 111 the cellar when he went down . The witness at great length explained the relative positions ? t various gas-lights ' on thc orcmises _, and stated that it was usual to light them by means of was tapers , and not paper . Several witnesses , emploved bv the hrm , whose evidence went to show that the fire originated beneath the grating in the packing-room , aud immediately underneath a gas-light _iii-that room , but no ono could tell who lit that gas-light onthe evening of thc fire , having been examined . Mr .
Bvaidwood . said , having heard the evidence , lie was of opinion that the fire originated from a light dropping m ' i ? » KratmS amongst thc paper in the cellar . Mr . Beall , one of the partners , said he recollected that about half an hour before the fire occurred he lit one ot the gas lights with a piece of paper , which he threw vipon thc floor , and placed his foot upon . After a most patient investigation into all the circumstances ot the case , thejury returned a verdict " That the hre was caused by accident . " Suicide . —On Monday Mr . Bedford held an
inquest at the White Horse , Rupert-street , Ilavniarket , on tho body of Emma Whale , aged Wcutvlive , wife ol a bootmaker in Upper _ltupert-stree ' t . On Sunday forenoon , between ten and eleven o ' clock , aeceased swallowed an ounce and . 1 half of oxalic acid , and she cited about noon , an the same day . Her husband had left hor on tho 28 th of Mav with her tnenckat Winchester , and , having bbt _aincd work in London , ho sent for her about six weeks ago , and _J he camo to him . Four days after it was _provtd that Bho had been faithless to him during his absence . _J > hp acknowledged it , and said sho had been _invoiced
to rortsniouth from Winchester by a woman' named Lynch ; that , on arriving at Portsmouth , Lynch took ner to a public-house near the ramparts , kept-by a woman named Day ; that after tea thev had some * . > , _, they were joined by a hal _' f-pay navy captain , who induced her to drink moro wine , which overpowered her j that she and Lynch retired too " _^ foom , which , after a few minutes , was entered stealthily b y tho soi-disant captain , upon which Lynch ran away , andthe captain locked her in the I ' ! ! V . d s , ei ) t wit ! l llcr - Shc scarcely knew , she told her husband , what she was about , for she could do nothing but cry . The eantain . who said his name
was Edward Stewart , pressed deceased to go and u _n j , ' nnd said " ° WOuW tako lier t 0 Ill ( li ! 1 , lie offered her money and bijouterie , she said , and told hor to write to him , "Miss Louisa Edwards . losWfhcc , Hull . " The husband told the jury he believed her story , and promised to forgive her . The disgrace , however , weighed too hcavilv on her mind Verdict , *' Temporary dcrangemeut . " *
Ad00813
Just published , price 2 s . Gd ., coloured plates , _SWELL'S NEW GUIDE , for 13-1-5 , to all the ¦ _^ Aight Fun of London-, also may be had , Marriage rind Courtship , 2 s . Gd ., coloured plates ; Garrick ' s Head New Love and Plash Songster , price 5 s ., coloured _-ilat-.-s ; Seduction Unveiled , 2 s . Gd ., coloured plates ' ; New C « _dhole Plash Songster , 5 s ., coloured plates ; Venus ' * School mistress , largo curious coloured plates , £ 2 2 s . ; _Hiuts to \ oung Married People , 2 s . Gd ., plates ; forty song book ? Is . each ; Life and Intri gues of the Earl of Hoeheskr , 83 , coloured plates . Said by John "Wilson , 80 , Wardouv-stroet , _OsforJstreet . —letters containin g remittances attended to . _Cn talogties gratis of tho largest collection of _oin-ious : m _< amusing French and English prints , books , songs , _cuii osities , ic .
Uasette Ioio Bankrupts."" '
uasette _ioio BANKRUPTS . "" '
L Rrumrriaays , August T:Na, .Y T Thomas...
_l _rrumrriaays , August _T : na , . _y t Thomas Howell , Queen's Head . passage , Xeivgatcstrec hotel-keeper-John Sims , Tollard Koyal , Wiltshire , * li _"; wright-James Mantle _1-ratt , _Berners-street _. _Oxfonl-sti * n-iue . mereh .-nit—John Kirktnan _, Lupus-street , 1 ' _itnli _*'' butcher—IJeiijamin Ling , _Poresti-cct , Lime-house , timl _* dealer-Edward Thomas Hogg and William iVcah ' _tt ! lltl "; l ) _ukcs-strect , _Ailelphi , _iviiie-nierehants-Nathaii Solow "' - nnd Eleazer Solomons , Church-lane , \ Vliitccli . _ii-e . _»™ and shoe-makers—llobcrt Sugdcn , _Dogtliorue , 1 '" _«" . " , manufacturer of worsted goods-John Holuiau _Sia-- "" - _*' Birmingham , ironmonger .
I Printed By Dougal M'Gowan, Of 17, . Groat Ivindnn)- -
i Printed by DOUGAL M'GOWAN , of 17 , . Groat IVindnn ) _- -
Street, Haymarket, In Tbe City Of Westmi...
street , Haymarket , in tbe City of Westminster , _»» Office in the same Street and Parish , for * b 0 , \ _, ' prietor , FEARGUS O'CONNOR , Esq ., and l'U _^ J : "fjon . Van am Hewitt , of No . 18 , _Charles-stroet , ' ¦ _£ " . _- street , Walworth , in the Parish of St . Mary , _!»«• ' » ton in the County of Surrey , atthe Oflice , no . Strand , in the Parish 0 St . _MarY-le-Mranu , » «' City of Westminster Saturday , August 23 , 1815 .
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), Aug. 23, 1845, page 8, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns4_23081845/page/8/
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