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Lbers:—Printed for the Proprietor, FEARGUS
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¦ {{ Concluded from our scvehth page . ) MrCtbbeti—Will yon strear that , yet don ' t kne / w tkattise very man itho let you . into the bouse works Jorkam ? Newrcn—What ! n > T brother ? not that I am aware L I tan tell yon ifee ir . an has worked for nj father ; but I did not know tie man when he let /*^ -. — «; -.- > T jr ii \
Bio m . Mr Cobb ^ rt—Then yen inow something ol ^ Upwrcn—\ \ w * > e ? n the man before ; . 1 irow lorn a * well as van 1 y right , lie * crked for p . iexu ¦ la ^ d I ?! i . ' -c Nepr : cii . sjcirer , bnt he i « eo relation » f inin ^ . Mr Cob here—WI at do Ton s&y yon took out o : "fiw nonsa . H * tv ? e—I hare told fr . : before , MrCebb-t : —Ave-, « . ye . but Trumnft tellitagairj "yen took a'S'sj some pistols dind ' tyon ? 3 ie » ter—Ys ? .
iir C = bbctt—Ko ^ lorg did yon-Ftav in the henfe alter jvu fi : * t Tent : n rill t ^ cam e away at last . _ Ne * ior—1 : night be tali an kemr , er three quai-• a * , or an bcur . Air Cc-bbett—Yon went ont in the mean tkne ? Uewtrm—I did . MrCobbeit—Whrre did yon goto ? Ke « tm—1 -went to procure a cart . Mr Cobbett—Did you cot ret a cutlass ? H * wtan—1 di * . Mr Cobbett—Did you leave any body in th « hense vlttit jpu went ont ? " K <* wtoc—i ci . I left five or six men .
Mr Cobbrtt—Did tob take all the books aad JS ^ hts that yon fcvnrd ? ¦ Newton—Snch as I thought wrre of * bt eerrice to me I ci-i . Ssica as 1 tin ujh ^ ere ssppicious . _ Mr Ct-b * v > tt—S _ ch a ? von thought were fs » pi-¦ bob * ? W ill yon tell me " how youjsdged of their spiej ^ csc ^ s . > e » toL—By pl&ncit * at them . Mr Cobbett—Wcet did \ on look for in them to « ow ihs . t \ % ey were suspicions ? R |» ron— I looked for - Timothy Higgins , Sec Jot" * r \ , " * nd * ach as have been prodsced . 2 At Cobbett—HaTe yon got the Queen ' s procla-* a » tieE } . KewtoDi—Ye ? . Mr Cob > -ett—L ? t me bok at it . ( It wa ? handed accord ugly . ) No » 1 think to'j told me before that it was nijder ihe authority of ' iha : tbatyon acted : Newtnr . —Yrs , and tLe disturbed " btaia of tie seuhboi . r' ocd .
Mr Cobbett—No , no , t > atis not there . Yon gaid yea aad reas : n to fear a breach of the peace on the last occjigi ; n ? KewtoB—Yes . Jftr Cobbett—Have Jon sny objection to state ? hat it -as ibat made you ' earit ? Kewton—I * * a . * per . * .-rs meeting together in great fcombers to atrer . d these meeting . * , Re-fiaruised by Mr . To » rscnd—Now Newtrc , joe said ihtt when jon wfu : to spjreaend Riggim , joo took a cttliss'wi ' . a yen ? JC—wton—Ys * s . ilr Towrs ? nd—For what prrpese did yon take flatcuTla , ?! J * ewt on—For my own defence . Mr Tvwns- » i : d—You say tou apprehended a breach of tL * -p-g . ee ? . Nt ^ t n— Y ** .
} &t'TctK-LArTid—TTas not that : n c-nseqnence of fee ^ ri t- f of the pL ' tols at the nee tinge ? Xewtrin—It wasi . IWr To ^ m < eDd—Has there r . zt beeii training and irilliii ^ in ; Vi » ne-gLbourLood ? Jfcnca—Yes . Mr TowEScnd—Ha ^ e not sooo persons been cem-Eiinr ^ l to j ris ^ n for trial on that charge ? Newer—Y ^? . Mr Cobbett—I rbject to the L-ramed CoTii !< = el potting in as eii'ii-D . v ths ' set-of a crime Lsvrrg % : en cb-. l in . it : ed b j ^ n ; e other ff-rs-vns wLoLtre BtvvT been prc « -cn " u"d—a * . Ita ^ t Le do ; s net prove it —^ ttd " h-:.-e Lames have i . ev- r b en mentioned .
Mr Et ; s—it ? s ns to rs t ' rat be has a right to tt ^ rttasiue fas witness » n anyvLirg that cay have fftTM-ii rni of tot : cr . > rs-er » i 3 = irrs ! iori . Mr ToWTi-trnj—W # ll Newton , there has been tninic ^ are ans nj ^ in the t « gtbouri ; ccd ? So'Us—T ; . ^ re Las . Mr To ' , ciend—Bv * . h :. * prcclarsarion are you called nroa ro enlcrce the law end biicg cc ' eniler * to j ^ sicer Jiewt-E—I am . Jcibn Ashwcrth was next exEmiced . Ilsving been « won , Mr To"Tcaend—Ashfcrth , are yon a constable cf feb K-wn ? A- ^ STirtb—1 » n .
^ Mr To-a-Eiend—Did yes gc to the tense of Iliggics witi Ns y t ol ? ¦ Ashworth—I cid . I 1 earl ¦« bat pa « ec between € fem and il r Ne ^ t cn wh > -ii ie wrs lekrn into ccstody . stsd-wb ^ n th » ire ? vt-- - tuGid . N- _ >» toc said . tefiiggfc ? , " 1 nr d-r » tand \ - u 1 art- got feme ariEs -- » jeer pcTt ^ vj- . oi-. " lie ha ' , bet-n unionised to . Htfk ^ tg g ot n-j au . s-iJ , -Wb-vt cio \ oi want ?" Ho «» M , ** I bia c .-ms to : ake tii- sni-s »» i : d vos iBtocastoeT . "' Mr N ^^ U'ii re * x ik-J , snd Je'Y c ? in <* »«^ e . Afier K * cad tro ^ Lt ; u . «* c ? .: t , H ' . pric « fxkL , ** lt i * \ ery j-trai ^ -- tha ! iir : .- " icIks caii ' t let t ^ hmvc th- Charter without : ¦! * : is lutnt-r . "
Mr ToJix ^ nd—That w . s : o the eJ-rt of wbatb ? tax—he talked about bother" and the i- Ciarter . " A'shwcnh—Ye * . Mr To » Ti > end—Have yen within the la « t f onth is ri week > g . en crowds " of people zsn mbled ? Aji ^ -onh—Ye * . Mr Townsen- - —Do ^ sn remember a meeting en &e fSth of la * t month ' ? Ashwrrth—Yes , I was ther ? ; there , were many 8 xocsar ~ s there . Mr To - v ; e-d—" VTh-. t time of the day or night ? Asiiworth—li we . * abent ten o ' clock ' Wr Townsf ni—So late as ten o ' clock at night ? Aahworth—Yes . itr . ToTLsend—Had they banners ? " A » V « i rth—It tu diiri , atd I cocld not see . Mr Tcsrnsend—Were there any speeches ? AA- * ortK—Ye * . iarTcwn ^ rd—VT aj the totra I- a state of ufrroar ? Ask * 'or : h—Y , s . Mr Towi > 3 iL ; d—Hare tcti s ? en aisv persons beir z toUed ? ' A * h- ^ crtli—No . i ! r Tcsx'rud—Do toh reirember spti ^ g a bill pested ^ rn the walls at Ashtcc ? ( I wi , l tbow ycu O » e > ui in a raomeiit . TJie Learned Counsel thrrw > d 2 c *^ d a bill , headed " National Ccnrecticn . " Tbi- bill was a mere ncrertis ment of a public awedtgin snj-pon of the Convention . ) Wifces *—Yt * . 1 hare seer : ih =. t bill . It is a weel l » -day since that n-eerine wa « held . CrcW-exarnined by Mr Cobbett—YTbin was ityot aaj that yrn * uw this bill po ted ? A « hwcr r h—A ¦ w ^ ei siecb lo-d ^ r .
Mr Cobb . tt—Now yon szj that on tbe 28 th of Jonfc , atten o ' clock at tigbt , there were banners , «* ocrie * , prnce-isiors , and nproar ? WitD « w-Yes . Mr Cobbeit— ¥ 21 yen juit describe what yon Btean Vy oproar ^ Witrrf-T : —People being di 5 hirbed . Mr Cobbett—Who were they disturbed by ? Aahworth—I ' m ncne bawn to tell no lie * . " ( Lar
enter ) Mr Cobbett—I hope not . Aahworth—I hare told yon all I know . Mr Cobbett—That is ail yon know , is it ? "Witness- Yp g . Mr Cotbett—Very welL Vilii = > m Hartley was then called , bnt not answer-TBg to hu Bate , nis * on , Henry Hartley , who wa * pre »» Et , came forward at the reqnest of the Co » rt . He « d 4 he remen-bered Higgins coming to his ia-¦ flwr ' s to ask for * cart . It w&s on the 28 th of June , cm Friday ni ^ ht . He said he wanted two boxes re-TB . oni > g Irom Dnke ' f , to his hons ? . It was about ksif-j ^ t seven in the rnortiirg . I did cot see what » rre in tLe b ? x ? s . Tcey ¦» ere long beses , and wr re dosed np . _ I tock them to HigjriWs hsuse . I saw fhem yrot into the dcor , into Higgins ' s hense . J k-lped lo put them in myself . They were bne
narrow box ?* . 1 cud net hear any ratiling ; they were -tjos ^ -d . There was one broke open wiih v . $ gettirg ield of i % but I cculd see cothing there wes in it . Saannel Healey tai the next wimesa that was «« Jied . . For gome t . me ihis v-irnes * refused to be * wera $ oa tb *> ground that he did not knew who was top » y > is expens 5 . He wanted toktowwlathe was ; o have tor eT . ng evidence . Mr Jt-wett—Do y > - - meta to irake a bargain ; T ^ iixess—No ; but I Live iosthaJf a day . Mr TowEs ? nd—Ha . ve yon retired a KtbrcFna : Witnef *—Ye * . . * Mr Townsend— Then do yon refnse to be jworn ? Aft ' i b « ing told by the bench that he mm-tie *» era , n © tovik the TL < nr-i oaih . Mr Townsend—Yon cr-z a member of the Radical Association ? Witn <* s—Yes .
Mr Towissfnd— Do yon produce any of tie cireskr ? yoa have receivid frcm the secretan- Timotbv Hiadn *? Vitaesj—No , Mr Townsend—Did yoa Tecehe notice to produce WitD « 9— No . MrCr-bVtt—This ia a cro > i-exenr " n-aicn of tbe JjsuntA . C Bnsri '? own ^ inei =. If there boanythir . e fe < 5 in .-ay ccm ? ov : t tc- cr - . m-lniie himself ' , I apprehrE . i Ike ban co rigut to a ^ k tho » e qnesrkns . **""' Vt TcwBse-d—Have you atteneed mtetiLgs r : D . ke ' g ? - TFKBf- > S—I hET * . Mr T < ? r ..-L-nJ—Dc yen predec * . or do yor . re-&ff to prc-ducf rb ; circaiars jcu Lii \ t received ? Witn ^«^—I haw in ne . Wr Tomsent How did yen a . ttcnd your « w * tir :. >? .. ¦ '
TT . -t t- ?— E" r ^ rc ' . ir appoiDtrrer . t . Mrlov ^ xenii—Who Was Pierfd nt and wbo was the Cen-i ittoe ? Wita ! = a—l <> c not know . ' ^ W - fi
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-nr y Ran , clerk to the ictgistiBtes was then . s'crn . Mr Tuwr . henk—Mr Hall , yen are clerk to the magistrates ? Hall—I em . Mr Town ^ nd—Have any persons teen coin - mitten for training and driibng in thw nerghbonrhood ? Hail—Four pfrsoBg have been edmiLitled for train : BE in this Efigbbonthotfd . Mr Towtfei d—Within hpw lotg asce ? Hall—I den ' t lecollect , Int it is within thelast thri-e f cnihs . Mr TowEJ-enc "—It whs for training and drilling in the n' -Jehbcurhood of Ashton ? Hall-Y e * . Mr Cobbett objected to this as evidence or tke groiird that the corimirmenls were not prcdnced ; whereupon Mr . H » ll said he had them at his office , i and could tend for the in if neceg * ary . ¦ ^ TTV Kiill » ClffrK tQ tllft TE 7 , yi * iTTRTf *<; V 31 H ihun
MrTowDseEd Mid that Mr Hall ' s testimony would not be strictly legal evidence if the coirmitmeBts wera not prodnct » d . He merely wanted te brieg the facts bt fore the bench . Mr Cobbett—No , no . Mr Towngend—Of their jr » ilt or innocence I have nothing to do . That wiH be for the consideration of a jury . Mr Cobbett again objected , on the ground of the documents not being present , bnt toe matter was decided nilhont the clerk ending for them . Mr To jrnsend then gaid—At present I close the charge against this prisoner now . These are all the witne « e * that 1 call to-day . Yoa perceive there is a difficulty on my part in getting evidence to show more than wfeut I have already pointed out
as to the existence of a seditions conspiracy , but I pm not fcure whether the Court will agree with me . ( Mnch surprise in the Court—this being the first that had been heard of a " wditjona conspiracy . " ) I certainly have & very strong impres ion that I have laid ample ground ' tefore ihe Cocrt forremsnding this defendent—we mi ) 'say till this day week , to au « er the charge of a common law ' misdemeanenr . 1 t . ^ ld say friend wh-n he aAed me whether the charge against this iran was ' . or having arms in Ms possession , that 1 cor . ld not say further till it was in evidence , th ;* circumstFnres in which ihe man was , where they were found , the quantity of them , and his statement respecting them . Havicg proved thar , Incw , Sir . cc / i 5 ay that those are arn s in possession with an illegal intent . You are
awfre that by tne 60 th Geo . 3 rd ., drilling is made a l >! ony . DruTng and arming are utttuteable offmce ? , as well as tffences against ct < mmoB law . Any person wbo obtains arms—more particnlarly the * -c : e ary of an e 8 . « ocintir , n , who has collected thoKsaEds of people together with banner?—i * answerable , primn fade , for havicg thei ^ e arms io his po < sesjion at this lime and in this neighbourhood . When 1 hare proved to tbe Comt that he is secretary to ibis £ ><[> ciatioD , vben I have shown that ho di > da ms all know l edge of these wms , ibat be had no j-hop for the cals of th' m , then 1 submit that &r aitempt is proved—an evert act is preved—and ' . tec I w . ll cite an a ; iihcrity to the Court to show that my petition is borne out by lew . that this man ha " ? v . ov .- cerniaitttd a n-. i ^ dt-mparionr at c < mmon law in
by th ° evert set of hnvic ^ t > pfe r ; n = s his poswef . n , be beiDg secr-fRry to rbe Raeical Association . Brcanse w > en 1 si ow tbe stale of this neighbourhood , end that person" ban * betn brought up for tr .-iitirg and dri . 'irij . ' , then . Sir , thp r . txt question i * lie marrfr of law . Hv : ihe fecretiry to iliis nssorifitjoii tbi- * e arirs with an illega' inteni ? The suthority I phall qisote to yrn is from 2 nd . E ^ sL page 27— " Th- Kii g pgiitst Higgirj " . " It i * scrcevriat . mfrciar . li at \ h r-t f' -ould be tb ? s coincidence : r the kkp . ( The Loaraed Ccubs 1 then quoted 'he cp . « rs but in > -uch a way that ctir reporter ccnld not tike verbatim notes . ) He proceeded—New , t ! . at fu'iy establishes the dextrine for ¦ whi-h 1 contend here , tb&t though this t-ct 'f bsv '; rff a-ir . « , if he bad been a . gMj « mith ,
zrd thi * bid bet-n « qtiet Bt-ifchbonrbood , would hr . ve beer . irEr > cf » nt , > et « lien tint set is couii ' . rd with a himaticn and the inunt ^ irn vInch he had ^¦ tLhobearm !— ¦ w hich is 1 . r the ( J . tin to decideand ] think I h ^ vr . i&jd b' lore the Court mfticirr . t erounds for the Court to draw the inurence ihnt the lntt-nt-sra ^ illrFal . This ca ^ e , "ihe Kiag and Iliggirs" decides that eury act vfhich icduct . " another to comruit n V . oiiy is a n i > tles ; e « nf't : r at coalmen 1-w . TXeivfore on that ground 1 think I ha \ e e .-tiib i c bei suffic ' . eiit evidence fcT the C . urt to remind tli ^ pri ^ aner ; on a change cf Lav : ng ccmmitied thfi-vr-rt act , an" ! then fore o . ' havlr ^ coKmitud a cornson law misd-me ? . nour . I think there is enoigh us the U ^ po ^ tions to prcve nrtsre—tovrovoas didous c ^ c-piracy , th&t he and others feave cor ^ pirtd to cL ? rnrb the ^ tieri . ' b peecp . Yon are aware that thr indictment fgdin . 't hunt was that ho and others had ccE ^ pirtd to icret and cai «! agreatiitmb-ir oipeoplr fs rnrt-t with tbun for the puri-ose of di > tDrbiDjf ihe
kine s pence . Nut only ol tbe gn . ur : d r . | his havitg committ' d a breach of ihe prace do 1 con'eni that he ha- comnr . itt ^ d a . rxif ; emeanour of the common ; e . w . ttt also ii : hr . vine z ^ te-iegs to can ? e a breach of the ptec " -. 1 ihi : k I h ^ ve laid frfTicient eridciice fe- ' ore ihe C-crt lomab tbi * inci \ Tdcal cmn-rrally aLs- ^ erable . Bur as it may be rxpedi * nt to Lave fen her euletce should ihe ca . s rtq ' . vrn it , I du not call rpca the Court at pw . nt to t : c more than re-CRnd tbe pr ^ oner till .-uch time as thoy thick fit , in order XV . at Jur ' . ber cvi'ience maybe tiv-n either to raak- ont a charge f <_ r a misdemeanour nt cnrFmnn liw , or : o angwer s-uchiiidiciinett a . s rcay be brought agaiji-t h ; m- Whether the Csnrt ghoul J think it bolter to commit him orrrmand him sow is entirely for their discretion . All I prny is tha-t he be r £ mandtd till th » day week ; haticg giveii thi . evi Jence , and to tnablo the counsel for the prosecution to adduce further evidence as to the cate ol conspirin g to croate disttrbance and sedition . The learned counsel then sat down .
Mr Cobbett—Dees the learned conngel call any more evidence ? Mr Town-en ^—Not at present . Mr Ccl . bt .-tt—The caurtr I ' shall tAke is this . I shall cot addn sj one word to y .. n on the evidence you har « heard , bfceuse I shall ferl it to be my duty , if the Court rh' uid be against me on the point of Ik-w -wh ; cb iLe ieariiej costs-1 hss cited to you . a- 't , id thw Ccu-f , to attt-mpt ecy defence on the erociJtl of faers . 1 certainly could do so ; J am , to a certain degree , thoneb p- rhaps cot comp ! et .-lv ,
prepa'e ^ . with endence lor the d-fence . But if 1 here recavp the decL » ion of ibii Corr : that eiUier the prisoner ? hall be ri > manded further , or that the « ccu .-ation brought aeainst ) - ; im is one which really involve * p . n offenw ag anst the law , 1 ghnll then j ; o into no f ' ei-nc as lo lacts whatev . r . Sir , the learned counsel began not a little to my jrerprL ^ and greatl y to my icccmenienet-, to tnter tpon the proceedings without > tatii gtl-e charge aga .: i ! . « t tbt- prisoner : and it cow appears that tr e offence on which he intends to reiy is thatof a 'editions conspiracy .
Mr TowES- ^ nd—I distinctly deny that I said I had made ott two ca . « f « , one for n misdemeanour at common law , for having committed that OTert tot in having the « arms in his possession , and the ether for a seditions conspiracy . Mr Cobbett—T understand the Learned CouD » el tkat he ioa mean to pro ? ecnte lor a conspiracy . Mr Townsend—I den ' t £ &y that . Mr Cobbett—Well , then 1 don ' t know what I am gciag to do . At all events he telLs yon that be has proved to some extent , that the defendant ha « been gcilty of ce-nvpiring with Kirre otlier persons to oistu ' rb the Queen '? peace . You will recollect that when we c ' -mmenced these proceedings this
morning , I asked it as a favour , aud I demand it as a right , that I fhould know what the charge reall y was . The answer which 1 first obtained was , that it wrs a charge for bsvirg possession pf arms . That I took to be the whole charge ; and when I began to < . rpxe npoB it 1 was told that it was a charge ot havirg armB with intent to commit a breach of the p ; ace ; now that charge is changed ; for , the evidence haritg been ? ona through , and after 1 have crcss-exauJned the witnesses mereiT a ? to the charge of the pciW"&So 2 . with ii , Unt to disturb to peace , now I am infoimed , after the fhole has been gone throngb , and 1 can no longer avail myself of a croes-exnmination , that thers is aco'her cburpe ; and I knew well which wi : l turn out robe tbe on * that will br
relied vp n—tha : i \ t-re is Hrother charge , and that is of a st-diuous coEspirecy . 1 can only say if thi « is to be i-cbmitted to in any Cobrt—if we are to be brtught heie , and icld , when we ure brought here , ihat we tire brought on one charge , the ca * e being remanded , as the corstable himself swore on otah to kk £ et up the ca .-e ; " and if when we are brought hxre sgain we are told it is tte same charge , and then when the evidence is half gone tbrotgb , that the charge is changed to a con . men law misdemeanour , and . finally , at tbe end of the prosccutnr ' s cgujsp , that it is a seditious conspiracy—it is as impossible for any man to appear before you , making a defence , a * to do any one thirg in the world . 1 am surprised that th * Learned Counsel should have tskwi this course—I certainly sLculd rot have been half so much srrpri « ed if that Learned Counsel had net been the gentleman whom I now fee before me , and ¦ who mtjst , if he inovrs anything : at all of the
nsagPs of British cocrts of jcMicts be well aware that his practice to-dav hes not b * = en in conformity with their rules—1 ' repeat it , I am rarprited > -. t the cotiect wlacb , in this particnlar , that Lea rned Cctn ^ l hr . s pursued . he hha trld ycu that it is laid dovm ia the case of the l * Kkg v . Schofield , '' that there was no crime in aEiereirjf t-nt to comn ; : t cce ; but t > at in rreclately en an act b « rg cone , the law takes hc ! d of that act , apd rIso of the intent shown by the net . Now . ! -ir , that 1 per . Vcily e ^ , r > e vfith . That is exactly the sra * e ot the crsv But ycu have to cci ^ idtr hire whet ^ er all thr t is tai d is true—because J ¦ m Eot pcirg icto the fact ; 1 don ' t admit , nor do 1 d' ^ y thnt te hnd prssfSflcn of these 8 rm *; 1 den ' t admit or cVry the : nt' -rt . 1 « ili rot touch rhe facts of ihe ctsV at all , but I avi merely eonig npon the snpponc > n 1 tat he hsd the srms in hie ^¦ iif » p > nop . ^ o ^ r . Sr . iho po ? s-J * ion j ? tie" thii y cpon which the p-occcu ^ g begins . lit na >
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taken up upon the tact being known that he is in possession of thece arms ; and , in the first plact-, is the feet of 1 he pepaw-ioc illegal ? Certain !; not The Learned Conrusel bn not argupd that . Tbe tare fact of powpssion be will not eav , fcr one tttmseEt , h ilk-gal ; and , theepb I here labonr uboVt t > e difficulry" of its bn \ irg been intimated that the fpet of poRs ^ Fsirn ¦ was n prrma facie cRse . I « m satisfied tlat tnat intimation will rot be adbered to by the Bench for one ipomtnt . Well . Srr , if there be nothing in the mere possession , how do we come to the intent ? There must be , in every public crime , a » Ji > jr , ry some wr ere . Blackstone layg it dov 7 E , that there can be no crime without an iiguTr . The intention merely , rat ^ ii * ii . nn « v « h « V « .. «* - V ^ :. _ 1 iX .. i . 1-- i _ Z ^ .
if shown , as ho * ay « , b y an overt act , by some Hct dojie which clparl y shows the intention , the intention and the net taken tog « ther amount to an injury , aad would be an irijuiy in the eye of the law . But bit , the act here anonnis to Eothir . g . There is r o act . If a man feas possession of arms he bas a right to h&ve poswencn of arms . He has not used tkeir , it is not said that he saidhe would us * theia . And even if be bnd , that will net po to prove the intent ; but he mv-Bt dosoroe net showing the intention . The act most be theindrx to show intent . There is so act of tLat sort here . It ie true that a manliaving arms may iEt # nd to tw ? them . A n » an going along the street may carry a walking stick and may intend to use it . But unless he does
some act b y which he shows tb&t intent , the mere tact of bis having a stick will not show the intent . Well , then , if this f > . ct of his haviDg possession of the arms were perfectly free of all guilt , I a » k where we are to lock for this intent . Blackstone describes a crime as consisting of the commission or omission of something forbidden ot commanded b y the law . Wher » do we find it forbidden by the law that h man shall possess arrrs ? Where do we find it forbid den b y law that he shall intend to commit a breach of the peace ? Where do we find it forbidden that a man cball have arms and intend to use them ? Nowhere : there is no such thing . The actual intent of a man to commit a breech of the peace , though it be provided that he
has that intent beyond tbe possibility of a doubt , is not aE offence st law unlecsit b * coupled with some act which of itself would necessarily prove the intent . ( Cheers . ) And now I call your attention on that point to a circumstance wfeich must often come nndrr your consideration , namely the biKdiEjr over of person * to kf en the peace . What is the cp . sh tben ? Why it is laid dowK , it is g < tiled by every day practice , it is well known that almost the ciil y ense in which you can bind a man over to keep the pence , on a complaint made before you , is the case of an intent shown to commit a breach of the pence by &j \ acfdonc : and it is It-id down b y Mr . Dalton , that -when the irrent to commit a br .-ach of the peace in not shown bv &e ov . rt act , tou chall not
hold a man boend not ro commit a breach of the peace , n ' mply because tbe parly coiniog before yoa to complain ubs bis remedy by indictment . And in the very same case he says " it i * laid down that a threat o ! a man aciir . g , teking his outb , and swearing that be will beat another nsan , or knock him cowd , or even kill him , i « not nn overt act showing his intent . Thus , then , acceding to that ^ nctrin' —p . nd nobody can deny it—if Hipjnns had > nid thRt be had th ^ &e anr . g in bif > pos < -ession , end that he ictn-ded to bre . k the peace with them , that hr hhd got thi-m for that very purposo , mill the only tl ing y-u cov : ld have drne vould have been to bind him over t « keep the p ^ aeo ; and it may he ques' . 105 ed wl eth ^^ , in geLeral ckse . « . 8 ffectiijf ; the public only , and nut an irdivit ' ua ) , ycu could have gone
tvt i > to that length . ( Hrar , bear . ) Now then , Sir . I ask ym . rupprsing ev » rything you have heard to be tree what intent is shown here ? H re ]« pos-• e-s ; on of the srins ; but ho initht have pi > s 5 e > t < U ) ii if th' -f « without intending it . It 00 f « not actually toilovr that because a mim hss pos . ves .-ior ! of a thir . ^ U * at he inteidcd to havn po »« e . sji n of it . At all events , tbe foct of having t . » -m , if that knows a&y intent , only .-hews the inter t to p-s ^ ese ; sri d so t ^ r us all the evidence of (> pee ( -h-. « made , of p lacards •' printed ard jiublisbed , suppor > ing the evid . nre wire true , there is not n woid in it showing the ictent in ^ this case ; acd , if thero were , still yru have no li fj Lt , -wi-. hoT . t p ern' - act done by the dclen-Cent , to decide that this is a crime in law . I labour under this difficulty in ar ^ ting thus , tl . at it
> -. ems to rue never tobavo be- n lmnpuse'l by any-1 k > - "}• before that there ¦? . as ai y crin . e iu it . " Nobody st'fms to b ' . vi-imagiiu-d that ^ uch n qiii'Stion should arise . Thf > Lt-arned Corin ? el hs \ s quoted casr-s o ! secitioD ; bet what wrt are these ? ' 1 'hny are cases where parties were actually i-h their trihI , i ! Ot for iho intent , Lut fcr an act don-. ' , bnd in itself ; and then evidence of f r vions acts is adduced to !> Low with whnt intent the act wax done for which they were being tried . But here we are going the o'her way about . Here we have gothVid ' of u& act —if an act it be—the possession , which is ol it < elf nothing . And why so ? If it is true , still it is nothing . That a man has a right to possess arms robsd y disputes . But vre will not Jto Lack to argue
'hat , because you s ' . y hehns >; ot ll . eua to bre . ck the pt-aeft with them . N .-, w , what is tV . e cvideBC « o ihic ? ItLai'puj * nnfertunate y for my client that ttu it > havo be ^ n moelin «» in this n < fghbourhood , and speeclieg deliveied by him at th . su m ^ etintc *; andbefHUjehe Las t ' ore the * e things which seetu to be objectionable , it is inferred that he fcas those arms with int « nt to commit a breach of tbe pfa : e . Th-re never was anything fo menstrous in the ¦ world . ( Cheers . ) If tie Learned Cotinsel contends that a man , simply because h" has attended public meeting ? , and connected himself with political movements—which the mPsUtrates on the Bench miiht do with impunity—and if bi * cause , having done these thirss , and having arms in his pc « se * .
sion . ( suppo « ip # ibat fact to have been proved ) he i * guilty of tv misdemeanour , tben no man who interferes at all Rt a pnb . ir . nv ^ tirig—it may b * ev « -n in i . > cal i . Bi \ iTe—no man wh' - interferes at all in . a public meeting who does anything obnoxious to any ether person , having a gun or a pistol in his noose , is safe frrm tho nightly visitations cf Mr Newton aud his friends . 1 diti ' t know whether you will decide that this is a crime , bit I npprebeod it in not . And if y » n do not decide that this in a crime , the 5 . 1 ti . mk it would b » - ctretchinc thepowcrsot the Bench to a very great length iirj « ed to decide thnt niter tais man has bt * n part of the time in custody , and tbe re . « t of the time out on bail—* hich is almost aw bad as being in cnetody—for a fortnight , I think it
would be strt-tcking your powers a groat distai .-ce to * ny that the prosecutor is to bo allowed i « come here , after havisg sworn—for he statedituprn oath that he should be able to prove that the defendant had these areis in his v-o ? sen $ um to commit a brt « nch of the peace—it is too bad , after all tHn , that the pros «» cutor should be nllowed to say , " we give up all that , and reHihnd him again , to prove a seditious conspiracy . " ( Hear , hear , and parti a l cherriug . ) If he is guilty of a conspiracy , the only way is to diecharge him from the present charge and then arrest him again . Yon might at this rale accuse a man first of one crime and then of another uctil you hsd gone through the whole criminal code , and ihus kee p hjmin ciu : « d ) for four or five yeius
without being able to prove anything . 1 do cmtend , therefore , that according to the present evidenee , there is no charge whatever again it the prisoner , and not the shadow of a legal reason why he ought , to be detained another moment in custody . ( Cheers . ) Mr Town send , the coucsel for the prosecution , then rose- and said : —I shall detain yoa but v « ry shortly indeed in repl y ; bet I wish to disabuse the minds of all who are in this Court , from the notion that there is the slightest hardship coccraitted upon Higgins in the course I have suggested to the Court . Mr . Cobbett must know very well that all that is csually done is for the magistrates to commit a prisoner to the sessions or assize to answer the charge , the indictment , the bill or bills that may be
preferred against him . And 1 havn acted , I think , with the utmoft fairness to this iRdividual by giving him warning that the facts as proved to day , seem to me to prove more than the charge originally maintained—that they are entitled to justify bh indictment for a seditious conspiracy . That course might have been taken without eny express notice having been given to the prisoner . It is therefore a matUr rather of indul gence snd favour inymentioning to him that slate of the facts , and that opinion of the law . But with regard to the charge wi which this rxan is brought up to ttay vhc * stands the case ? Let me remind the Court for a moment what has been proved . Two large boxes have bat n removed from his house . They are iouid to contain , when opened , a Urge quantity of arms , much greater than any man caa require for his own defei ce . The cct of convey i ng arm * te hi « own house is an overt act . It may be innocent or not . The case st
of "The King ^ gainHipgins" decices that when a inan commits an overt act , however innocent , it is lor a Jury oad a Court to derice what wn * the intent with which it was done . The act of pessessing arms is prhna facie innocent , but it may be done with a felonious intent . . He han the arms ; h " denies knowing anything aboat them , and talks about "bother » nd ihe Charter , " nod'I don't wish to ^ -useany words made cue of by the prisoner , that might be against him . I have shewn the st-te of the town from the proceedings ot ' this Absoc at ion . I bare > bewn tfce f fleets ol these meetings , crentiue what may be teimedterrorttn populi ; Hnd tben 1 ask if a candid judge , howt ver humai : e , but at the same time reasonable , can exercise any doubt but thatibose amss were prccorpd by the Secretary oi that Association tiiher for tbe purpose of jiellinp them , or todistribtte them arsonist the people ol this neighbourhood ; and if that verohis object , I toe rotthe shadow of a doubt-that hisinVntion was
tllegsj ; b- catse that »/ it hot luXfiAh far a wan to Late aims ' Sf'Jffieicht la protect , himself and' fuihity is ? : ot denied , but a man i rot to have them lor sale ihet pt rsoiis nil y drill tbeKselvt s . or arm their selves in the way xham people , hare bet-n tlcn ^ . It is in prcof tfiat persons—Hifimbt-rn of the Association or t- bich fef * is Secretory- *—hme b « en «• - in mi tte d for ¦ i ri ! 3- ' 'n / . Dc * ' 8 he ^ ' tl-eiefo . rev proenre those amis for i- . k t jjcjc-so ? If fo ., if is fairly coiuininirj ^ a
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felony ^ r ; nd then tt&re cannot be the ahacow of a doubt as to the njisdemt-anour . But it he intended to rlfcrtrijmte thes e annc , or if they should be u > e < V to tb « tenor of the Quetn ' a subjfctH , that is an 111 * - KM intent . It is not necea ^ ary that the prisoner should bo ^ guilty of any act . [ In procf of this the Learned . Counsel quoted a case tried before Mr . Jasnc * Grazier ^ aedfrund in Caldicut ' s Reports , page ^ 8 . 1 1 ^ , 11 EOt trespass upon yonr time further by arguint f upon the evidence . I- ' will cnlv snbmu that abundant evidence hns bern furi-ish-d to the Court , should the Court think tit to commit the ptisoner at once to answer this charge at the next Aesiz k . Bnt shoold th- Court think lhat the drcumstances th * thave been elicited diFtlose a d « r « . ftf kuk . » . «« » . vJ 1 . 1 . . 1 . - « j . ¦ '
picion against this individual , that he and others were conspiring for a "beach of the peace , should they ihmk that it wonld be better lor me to produce more evidence , then , in tbat case , I pray the Court to rerpnnd the prisoner till this day week for further evidence . There is am pie , evidence to justify them mremnnding the prisoner . The only question , as > t ap ' peats to me , is . whether to remand or to Gr-mimt . I have tow proved as strong rt prima A-we case as would be necossnry to se&d him for trial . Itmny , perhapH , be necessary to prefer an ludictBaeat Egam « t him for a conspiracy . If to , the fact of his being secretary to thi * Association , and et Ins having _ issued circulars , nsust be nroved . The
yourtmust be aware that it . is difficult to get evidence of the » e facts , and perhaps it might be advisable to be fnrnished with that evidence before hw ccmmitment is made out . Should the Court agree with me , os counsel of this charge , that it would be awisable to Lave the whole case proved , that he should be remanded to this day week , whet J ,. « . be dfetaineii iu custod y or at large en bai ! , I shall hare no objections should the Court think it expedient . Mr Evans—< to Mr . Cobbett)—Are we to understand thtit ycu make no further defence ? Mr Cobbett—It ' you are g : ing into the case of conspiracy , of course we slmll not . Mr Jowett—We are not going into tin cp . se at all to-day ; only it we remand him it must be for Hih
purpose of gutting to know whftt t . vidence ther- is . The Kev . Mr livnns —( to Mr Townsend )—I nuppos-e a bill of indictment can be preferred against him at tbe assizes wiihotit notice ? Mr TowcVeud—Ctrtainly , Mr Cpbbi-tt—The only way I pnt it is this : — It the Court decides that the first accusation is good , I will not here go into any . defrsc <* oe that . As to the ccwspiracv , I must do what J can . Tiiis is the first I have heard about it . With regard to the first charge we shall say nothing more about it at present . Mr Jowett—We think the first ohargs is sumciint ' y made cut to commit him . Mr Cobbttt—I am not arguing arj to whether tbe charge is made out or not .
The Kcv . M r Kvaus—The conclusion we are led to U that we are bound to uut the prisoner en his tri&l for n inisdemeauonr . If your client does not object we will leruand him to this day week . We are unwilling to hold the m « n in a state of eusp ^ Rce wi ek ulter week , (?) as hns been stated : wt * wish the : ntpnv . t of the prisoner to be c-nsnlted , a _ ' w-U as the ends of j utice (!) Mr Cobb tt—As my clitnt infers that a charge of se / ition is intended , of course be does not object to bf r <* ni 8 nd «<; , tli « t he may h-ar further evidenc > - upon it . Sofiiraathat is concerned it wculd betu his advantage .
Mr J . ^ w . 'tt—Certainly it would be . But so far us onr counter tmesis concerned 4 i we would kathlir havk done with it . " - ( Lnughter . ) Mr Towns ' nd—Pi-rbnpn I may relieve the Court from any liifiiruity . If the Court thihk there is a s » fli'ier . t prima facie case for a common law misde . ni auour , to make out a cttse for a committal , it will lie for tao > iscretion of the gentlemen who appear for th <« crov . 'ji to say v-hethey a bill or bills « ii . dir . 'ment shall be preferred . 1 will not call cuon the Court to remand him . I merely rest t . pon the cafe that the charge ha * been inadu ont for havini : poss-sbion of arms wiih an illegal intent . Mr £ vans—It must bo understood that the ma ^ iscinten do not commit for a con « pirncy .
Mr Towns'nd- I lhirik . it would bn best u cocmit f r a common law rnifderueanour , because a con «]! iracy is a misdemeanour . Mitrgint * was then committed to take his trial at the next ess : z « e . He was held to ba ' . l in the . !« 8 in " amount , and with the same bondsmen as \ v « m utior . ed before . NothiH ? of importance afterwards occurred in Ashton during the day .
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GREAT RADICAL DEMONSTRATION AT MANCHESTER . A meeting wa * convened in Stephenson ' s Square . on Sa'urday Di ^ . lt last , for the purpose o \ taking into con « ideratiuE tho general « tate of the country , and of su ^ porti . ' g : the men of Birmingham . A procession with band * and bauners paraded the ts-wn The immense square was literally crammed , and there could not be less than 30 , 000 persons present . Davtd 'Roberts , a working man was called : o the chair , who brieli y addressed the meeting , and read ths following p lacard , which was loudly responded to by the meeting .
"To the Radical Reformers of Manchester , and its Vicinity . —Notice is hereby given , that a public nreting will be held on Saturday evening , Junr 13 , 1839 , in Stevenson ' s Square , at fix o ' clock , to t&ke -into consideration tbe present slute of the country , to sdi port the Pi ople ' a . Parliament , and to recommend her Majesty to dismiss her preseLt base , brutal , and bloody Adviser )! . Let every man be at his post . " By permission of The BoneuGHRCEVE and Constables . ^ Mr . BuTTEnwoBTH moved , and Mr . Rawson , of Bury , seconded the following rosolntkn , after havii : j ? flddres * ed the meeting in 'Hermetic speeches : —
Resolved , 1 st . ' » That it being the spirit of the British Constitution th : tt allegiance is ocl y due when , rt-cipr- > cal pr ^ t ^ cticn is , given to the live ? , liber 1 ie ,- , und properties of the people ; thrretire , this ineetirff view ? with alnrm and indij . uation tbe unconstitutional , despotic , and bloody-thirsty attack on the inhabitants of Birrcirgham " , by a force unknown to our forefathern , and uot reco ^ Hised by th « British people , wiiich oilers another orgiiment , if one viero warning , that there is no : ecErity tor the livec , liberties , and properties of tVe producing i-la-ses ; t- eiefore , this meeting , now nwembled , fa pledge themselves , by every means at their disposal , io pursue the pre . « i > nt course of virtuoas and patriotic apitfitiuB , until the Charter becomes the lawofth ' )« uA " The Rev . W . V . Jackson moved the seccnl resolution , which
was—2 nd . "Tuat this meeting ia of opinion , that the British Government have long bo-n pursuing a course of policy calculated to throw this , our beloved c santry , into a state of irretrievable ruin and disgrace ; " in order , therefore to avert . each direful consequences , we hereby pledge ourseheR to use all and every moral and physical means which God and nature has furnished us with , to prevent the carrying into effect princi ples foreign to . the spirit of our constitution , and pregnant with evils to be deplored by every Englishman ;" Mr . Wm / Taylor of Newton Heath , was next introduced to the meeting . He said you have * this evening heard expressions that gome ef yon will be disposed to call strc-cgones . Well then if these be
weak times , strong words ought to be spoken . And some of y . ) u no doubt have heard expression * that inspire yon with freah courage —( cheern)—and some of yeu no doubt have heard atpnsMons that have predeced qualm * of conscience and thrown you into a quandary . ( Hoar . ) Well I don ' t know thatl can sayauything strongr-r than has been said ; I don't think I can say auy thing that will terrify more than wh&t has been spoken ; but I know lhat in God ' s book for I am a Bibl << Rndical —( cheers)—1 k ; jow that in the Scriptures , ia the book thai the pftrsons all profess to love—I know that iu the sacred volume this canse w spoken of , and that themeans by which thjs cause shall nltimaUly bo . gained are those laid down . Go to the Bible , then , for instruction . Now
when I say this I don ' t mean that you aren » t to hear men sp ak , and to road other books at the same time : but while you do thi ^ take God ' s b&okfor your guide , and read there God ' s desire ^ owards his o * n people , what he has said concerning hw henta « e ; and you will fiud there that man was made free and thnt man cught to be free ; and that though his follow may We bound him , he shall again be free . ( Loud cheer ? . ) AU that in in the B ; ble , an . l a great'deal more than I can tell you . ( Loud cheers , and cries of " " ¦ Iti » . " ) But there is one question that many of you have asked of youm-lvep , yoEr neighbours , your fric-nds , and yotir" Ministers and that u " Wkat shall wedp?—( hffir . hear ;)—whither shall w < i go ? " And you have asked the question because you have considered that things have got nearly to the f . vr end—^ that the iQgchinety of the rtate bas gone almost to tht » end oi its ; turning ; ai ) d beciuse you wo satisfied
that the preseat system , cannot work mucb , longer , ho » -p ver well ,. < hc » wheels may be pit-4-- however wen they may be patched up ; " the time . has cornftwe know it to . be coma—God ' s wool tells us it jias come—when the present state >' oif-. iijiia £ 9 must pa s > uway . ( Chs-ers . ) Now it must , it really must comfc the Scrj ptnres declare it , juxd that is th > i ifasoa why it must come ,. ( H « » , r , hear . ) N 6 w there is one maxim of Govi'rnmentinthe Seri f turc-p , and i' all . the rest were fyhe tb&t one ia ' true ; it is this—Jesus uttered it— - "A kingdom that is divided HEiiu ^ t its-Ii tta . ng bjgytu > . " ( Hear , hear , and cimere , ) . New , -tjo , ylfel | j ^ e ve that that ? ( Ye * , yv » ., i Now I have onl y one more question to propo » e in rejertn . ee to this , and that > ¦«¦ U Eupland Jivide . i OKai . 'Bt iisc-lrr ( Lcud crieap t " " ' Vo ^ , ye * . " ) Aye ,-. -iudf . t < lit is duj : cd . axfli » 8 t itialf , for the . rich « re opposed to . the iaUre ' sits bfifcft . floor . ai \ d ttie ¦ > o . r grjaii under Uue o ^; . res-ion' of . the aiob . ( Ye »
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y es . ) It is divided then . ( Yrs . ) And Jesus ssvi itcarnot stand . Now Ministers may preach .-peti ; . * a » they like : great men may tell you that thare will be a l&ll if thi-y please ; learned and wise men may tell you that the cause of dread shall pass aw ay like the mornirg vnponr , or like the noontide cloud ; but the Sacred Scriptures tell me that it cannot stand ; and if it cannot stand it shall fall . ( Chet ? rs . ) Now , I road something about a gr « at linage in the Scripture ? , and about it having a 1 end of gold . Go to the great city nst 500 miles from London , and you will find the groat head of cold nationall y . Come to Manchester , and yon will find the feet of that image . What are the feet core posed of ? Iron and clay . Iron cannot __ ... _ ~~
mix witn . clay , bot it can put an impression upon clay . ( Cheers . ) The i . on are the rich : the clay ere the poor . T ^ r » n I read something about a little stone that -v ; a . s cut out of the mountain without hands that fell upon the image , and it fill to pieces . Yes ; it fell . Wha , t ! the whole national system cf policy fell ? Yes . The present system o ? government fall ? Y « s $ &Thfl throne fall ? \ es . The Constitution as it is fall ? Yes . The pi-i-pent grades of society and distinction * among the people fall ? Yes . The prf-sent corrupt system airnng men fall ? Yes . Those distinctions that destroy good brotherhood and make enemies under tho fame roof fall ? Yes . What are all to fall ? ( Every one . ) Could yon like to part with them all ?
( Yes . ) They are all very expensive ; nay , they are even iiseles « , for they require more servants to keep them clean than they are worth . They shall fall , every one of them ; for , in the 7 th chap , of Dnnif 1 it is said , that in the days of these things tbe God of Heaven will get np a kingdom . Now that kingdom will be God ' s Kingdom : it will not be Queen Victoria ' s kingdom . It will not be the kingdrm of other nations ot Europe . It will not be the kingdom of bii Aristocratic Government , or of any government set up by the selfish and the few . God ' s ' kingdom will beanniver ? a ! one . set up by Universal Suffrage . ( CheeTS . ) People will all have a voice in it : they will each have a choice , every one of them : ev-ry one cf them will declare his own right , and
<* ach will contend for God'c law , and Gcd shall be kiDp . These thing ? , I hectare not to say , are true . If it true that those things are in the Scriptures ? I ) r > yonr ministers tell you they are not ? It is true that these things are in the l ^ jbie , though your teachers tell you there is no such thing . Still it is true . They reject tie Book they preach . They c < 'ii'radict the thincs which they declare : they set a . » ide the Troths of God . I need not point out to you how this state of things has come to pass . How this irjustice commenced I need not tell you . What it is fora people to be in captivity I need not tell you . That yoa are ca pHves I Kened not tell yon . ( Hear , hear , hear . ) Though they have given twunty millions for the emanci pation of the black slaves .
they wonld not give 20 j . for the emancipation of the white slaves . I nerd not tell yon that yon are slaves—slaves bearing a greater burthen—slaves bearing a greater load—slaves endnring greater toil—slaves under the most opprrs . < ive system of Government , nnd slaves that alone must work out th ir own freedom . Now , if you ask , " What shall «« dor" I wi , l U-ll ycu wlatGod sayt > you should do , and you will find that in the 2 ad verse of the 15 th chapter of the Book of Jeremiah . Tho prophet . < ay < , " And if tbe ppople inquire ¦ what chall we do , whither shall we jro ? ' tho--: mhalt say to rtum , Thus saith tht- Lord : thoce that ar « for d-ath to death such as are for tho sword to the sword ; 5 uch as are tor the famine to the famine ; and such as are for captivity to captivity . " ( Loud cheers . ) This
agrees vrith another place , wliifb . s" . ys ' That the > oppressed shall go free ; and they t ' .-atbive been op . press-d in their turn . " ( Loud choers . ) God teils you that , and I bcliere it to be true . Now , the present Government may tell you what they ploase —t ! : e present Ministers may tell yon what they pVrse , nnd Ihoy may try to throw dust in your i-yei , and throw a veil ove > r our remark * , to hinder the liglit fnnn ' -ntenug your ht > a : ts —( her . r , bear)—but while God ' s wcrd is true those words wiii . mal . e us free if we u : t nd to tut-m . ( Cheers . ) What « r- we to do then ? ( Loud cries of " Fight , fi ^ bt , ti . jht . ") I'll tell you what we are to do . 1 he people mu't btscome uniitid to ^ dther —( hear , hear)—( a one mind . Let not religion .-entirtentB divide your
\ nteregts . ( Cheer . * . ) Wliatever yourreligicmsBi'atimenta are , look for peace h- re , and not s > much np yin . der ; look for hnppincss here , as well as iu the future ; look forcomloit here , as well as iu days to come . Look tor happiness in your cottage , by your firesides , and happiness with your families . Look to the less uing of f e hours of labour—look for the Overthrow of the prt-sent wretched . « yst-m . Your will , will be God ' s Will , and God ' s will is that his people should be free . ( Cheers . ) What are we to ¦ J o ? We are to b- > five , and no mistake . We are t . i be free , and no dou ' . t about it ; we are to be free , whatever the cj « t ; ^ e nr ^ to be free , however great the struggle ; we ar ¦ ¦ n > I e irt » e , however mighty th contest ; we ar- « to be t-ee , however Kr . at the
d'ffh . ulty to accoinpli ^ . it . VVe are to be free , tho ' we wnde throutU < 't- ~ w ^ of blood . ( Cheers . ) Thor . i ; li re pa .-.- tlirniiii ) Btiemn * of trouble , we are to be irec , b y ih > hesi in .-mis « f c * n ; we are to be free by the only in' -ims we have left . ( Caeera . ) N iw tke people may n-k . * hut » re tU * means lfi ' c ? I am not going to hhnk th . que > tur . I am not going to teach you « do <> r : i ! f I no : ' t beliave myself . ( Hear . ) We will j ^ o bui-k ay am to ihe old book , and 1 will ask you , or-auy uou » c-r , whether we read , either in auci . nl or moiem lii .- 'ory , of any nation in bondage becoming tree witiiout th > use ot physical f » . rce . ( Hear , hear aad cheers . ) Can you read of such a thing ? ( No , do . J What was God ' s word to the peop ' e of Israel whes they were in
captivity by tho Midiai . it . ? ? God raised np G-deeu , and the blast of the rams' horns , united with the . peo ple '? voice , fetched the walls of Jericbo down . ( Loud and continued cheering . ) Did it ? ( Aye , aye . ) Are you sure ? WhatSditr , the passage ? It says every one of them went strai ght up before him , and took what he wanted ? ( Renewed cheering . ) How i * it ? Why . that every m&n of Israel , when they saw the walls . fall down , they knew it wa » right ; they went in ut the opening , and took what thi-y iiee-i' -d . ( Gr ^ at cheering ) Ara yoa ready to do it ? You will have the chance ; you will have the chance —( imrnens * cheering)—nnd they are giving you the chance , nnd you will have to embrace the chance ; I say not when ; I say not how socn : but an opportunity will come ; and opportunity must come ; it is God ' s will to overthrew tyranny . ( Cheers . ) God uses his o * n pecpie to cast down oppressors . In conclcsion , I beg you will read the
asc r « out one ; aud it tells you to bind the king in chain * , and to execute thj judgment of righteousness ; « nd thia honour have ail the saints . Be you saints ; lovers and practisers of God ' g , truth , and God will honour and ble « s your canse He concluded b y seconding the reselution . ( Lone- * contmned cheering . ) ¦ A collection wa < then made in support of the political union ; and th- following resolution was moved and seconded— " That thii meeting havi-jj viewed -with satisfaction the praiseworthy and determined position the General Convention have as . « umed , do place implicit confidence ia their wisdom and integrity , we therefore r .-cogniaa them as the oaly veritable representatives of the industrious millions ; and pledge ourselves most cheerfully to obey all their ju . st commands . " ¦ The meetiEg then separated , it beiag half-paat nine e clock . v
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HOUSE OP LORT > S .-Mmda , July 15 . The Supreme CoortB ( ScotUnd ) Bill , and the Baakranta E V ate , ^ ll ;? aiBiB - were « verally re ' ad the " wndS Lwd .. BR 0 UQH-AM moved the ^ cond re » qiDg oThi , ™ ncitl ™ Bill , introducing such motioa with a speech » f con-After » ome disewsion , th « bill was wisharawn till next session , after which their lorcUhi p * adtearned .
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HOUSE OF COMMONS . —Monday , July 15 . The third reading of th « Rathkeale ( Limerick ) Bnclosore Bill wa « , for tho second time , deferred . ™ fnv , , o / , ^ i Icadi" ? of tlle London City Police Bill , Mr . c- 'A ^ f So ? , * vcd many new clauses aad amendnientii . bir fa . CLERK p rotes'ed against so extraordinary a ar »« wdmgM introducing thirty or forty now clan * 8 , soiaa of A ' . 'T ?^" 11 ll « * " ^«» JS «( t of a bill , when it WE 3 impo ™ Bible that they could by dul y considered . ^ Rlr . TOX MAUiLB said that they were transcri pt , of gansos that had been adopted in the Metropolis Klice
. Sir G , CLERK oWri that , thengh snch was tlw fact , on a ^ recSt ^ V *' ' Ulasmueh " - ^ »* ght be acted ^^^^^^ ^ i ^^ a ^ Municipal Corporationa' ( IreUmd ) Bill . ¦* " «»«> K «» tae . v Y \ ^ NQJ'K opjwged it , Had exovei , as an amendment that it ba ' md the third-time thai day three monihT ' were- * * ducU 8 sion i ««* H « pa . iiwded , mad th , numhew For the thir | readjnu . ' ........ ; o-Againstit . . ' ..... ' !; . " ;;; I ! & £ it ^
_ . „ Majority for the motion 76 ' . ^ a ^ h ^^^ ?™* « to 2 8 / majoritygainstST * *»« ^ g » ' » ve 4 by ^^^ Szs ^^ ^ ^ ssSS ^ fiBsa aier A&feastt * Bii ^ asjsssr * - " £% " * (*^»*») - S Sa ^ jSTff -. t wewi nil SS 3 * j £ -2 SS&S 5 I he Slave Trade ( Porta gaJ ) Bill was read a second time .
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CaVr ^ ^ - . - Mef ! 8 ri - Roberts . Pott « ,
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— ¦ ' . * " ' — WAKEFIELD QOKN MARKET . ( BY EXPRESS . ) Yesterday , jfi ly 19 .-A corice ' bavin * ' bean iH » ued tbatonr navigaiiuu is to b « stopped for ten day * , oil the 27 ih instant , a considerable quantitv of Foreign WLeat Iiaa b ^ n sent from the outpo s and tha reported arrived is , in ccn * equeoc ? , unnss ' ally large for the season . The weaker beiDc wet and stormy , induces millers to increase their ftocko and we havo experienced a fair demand for all des ' enptiona oi Wheat , at last week ' a prices . Oats and bkellmg tiUe turn Jower . BeaBssiow sale . Otter articles without variation . Lekos Markets . —Tw has been very little alteration in the quantity of goods Bold at the Cloth Halls daring this week—the demand still ttfntinuing for low goods ; the busiBew ibing in nne goods not being soy thing- like equal to what might reasonably be expeeted . There baa , however , been a slight improvement manifest in th « warehoused .
Tallow , 4 * . 9 a . per stone . Lbkds Corn Market . —TberearriTal » f Wheat to this day ' s market ia considerably larger than last week ; other kinds of Grain mederato . Fine fresh English Wheat has made about the same price as last week , but other decriptions and Foreiirn J jjtre been dull sale and not much business doinir . Oats , Shelling , and Beans , very little alteration . Leeds Fortnight Fair , July 17 We > aT « Jimi
a very ted show wf Beast * , and those only * f moderate quality , at market this morning ; the supply of Sheep and Lambs is very fair . Holder ! arefiae , and bayers being in some cases needr , all >< ortsof stock has been well sold—quite equal * to its value , Lamb * , however , have receded ia price . There has been a very fair business transacted . Beef , 7 « . to 7 * . 6 d . per stone ; Mutton j 6 d . to 6 % i , > i « r lb . ; Lambs , 15 s . tP 19 ? . each . Number of Beasto , 215 . ; Sheep and Lambs , 3 , 600 ; Pig *
. Malton CoBN Markkt , July 13 . —There was a fair quandty of Wheat effering at eur market this day , but the millers being slow purchasers , prices declined from k to 2 i . per . qr . Barley nominal ,, Oats dull sale , prices as-before . Wheat from 70 s . to 80 s . p « r qr ot 40 stene . Barley nominal . Oats from 14 d . to 16 i per stone . „ . ! &vpDEB £ i'iifci 3 D Cloth Mark bit / , July 16 . — TW market has been ' extremely ' flat and very little business doitig parti < rularl y in the fancy trade few- purchase * having been mude onl y to order . Broad and narrow cloths nre not mucfc enquired for . The wool market continues languid , the manufacturere anticipate a lowering ; very little businei * doing . . . ...
State of Trade . —The increased 'firmnew nbcerved in the Liverpool cotton market sine * . Thursday last , instead of cau 9 ingvan imprevement here , appears to have an opposite taadancy , as the dt-mand lor yarn yesterday was decidedl y smalle r than on the preceding Tuesday ; and , in eider t » make sales , spinners were generally compelled to submit to a reduction of about £ d . per 1 b . on the prices of that day . Tbe fact seem * to be , that the buyers of yarn will not come freely into the market autil they are satisfied that tbe cotton speculation has been lairly broken downand the price of
, the material has reached it « natural leTel . We believe that , if the prices of Thursday l a * t had continued to the present time , there would have been a considerable business done , boih in cotton and yarn . Not that the spinners , as a bod y , would have baea disposed to stock themselves heavily vtitk cotton at those pricts ; but their purchase . ? for present L-oniBcnptioa woutd probabl y have been raiher extensive . Tbe advance of a half penny » pound hdwever , siuce Thursday , has had a coniriderabl « tendency to check purchases ; and many consumers , who went to Liverpool with the intention of takin # 1
two or three wetks consumption , have contented themselves with sapplying their immediate necessities ; and as we have already intimated , tbe effect produced on the market here , has been unfavourable . The goods market has been somewhat better than for yarn , and tbe prices are tolerably well supported though still b y no means remunera tive . The working of shorttime consequentl y continues in full force . The spinners and manufacturers at Stock port— wh » , a * our readers may recollect have alread worked
, y shun time for nearl y a month—held anather meeting on Monday last , and agreed to prolong the period tor a second month , commenoin < on rhe 32 nd inst . It will kUo be seen from a paragraph elsewhere , copied from a Preston paper , that the spinners of that town have ai « o agTeed to work short time , which indeed may now be paid to be nniversil ; for , in those establishments where no formal arrangement to thatKkcthas been made , every opportunity of umiung production is embraced .
r ? « , CoBN Market » Jal y 16—The irupply of fine Wheat is limUed , and not sufficient for th * demand . Such . command the currency of this day week , while all diaa description ? , both English and -foreign , meet slow sale . Beans move slowly and scarcel y obtained last currency . The consumption of the town requires most cf the supply of Oate , and all sweet gcod horse corns are fully as high as last week . ' ¦ - .. ' » . ' -.-Literpooi . Cattle Market , Jnly 15 —Th © supply of Cattle to-day has been abent the same a * last week , _ but that of Sheep and Lamb * rather
9 er v lbe 8 aI « have been by bo mtans large , although the . market was tolerabl y well attended by country buyers as well as butcher * . With respect to prices we cannot not any alteration from eur quotatio . es of la « t week , saving on » t » ck of a very ordinary description , which may be quoted a shade I- . T , ? ' Beef was eold « 6 ^ d . ; second qualiy 6 i 1 . down to 6 d . ; ordiriarv ata shade less . Crood V * ether MutUn realized " fully . 7 rl . vaninff irom that d . iwn to 6 d . ; Lamb * at about 6 d . to 6 U . perlb . sinking the offal . There was a gocd lew Beasts , a « well as some Sheep and Lambs of an ordinary description , left unsold . Number of Cattle at market :-Beasts 983 ; Sheep and Lamba , Manchester Corn Market , July 13 . lbere was a very slender attendance of buyers at our market this morning , and a few transaction * were reported in Wheat , all deocriptwns were , however , held firmly at the currency of this d * y s ' ennight , and higher rates were in soiae instance , demanded . Prime fre-h 'Flour wa * ia fair demand irom consumers , and the stocks being very light , factors were enabled to obtain an advance of fully 1 « . per sack with a ready sale . Foreign Flour was hkewue held at 6 d . to Is . per barrel abive the previous quotations , but not complied with to any extent . The 1 uquiry for Oatmeal was exceedinrir
languid an ^ the few sales made in that artide were a& T ° --l » ««<> & *; . ¦ ¦ Q * U wew also W . per 45 ffi * lower . Beans were slow sale at a reanc-^^ . J" - Pe' -qwtar , aid even the best qnalitie * of Malt were with difficulty sold * t last week ' s r&tcs . . ¦ Liverpool Corn Market , July 15 .-Th » supphe of British Grain , Flour , and Oatmeal , con . F ^^ ^ ' ^ ' ^ the week ' 8 ^ P *™ rf fo reign Wheat to a laree amount : iriaut 2 . 200 en
have been realised from bond , at 13 a 8 . J per qr d « ty r froni . the 6 th to the 11 th i ^ tant , both inclusive ; on the 12 th the rate of import advanced to lfo 8 d per qr . ^ lhronghout the week tkert . has been a good steady ^ deinaBd for Wheat for consumption : beside a tair bu 8 ines »; H ) the town dealer * , several parcel * have been taken for the interior and for shipment coastwise , and holders have beta able to establish an advance ' generall y of 2 d to 3 d per 70 ! bs on onr qa <» tat ! ona . of this day ae ' nnkhr . The stock of arrei
f ji -iopr ih- 'tlu > i portishoir breught into flflall : «> mpi 88 , and feigner prices are demanded ; United St » te « sweet is , held at 35 s to 37 s per hrl } hora « manufacture has met rather more inquiry than of Ja te , at 48 a to 63 s per sack . At a declinecf Id per bushel two or three parcels of Oata were qb Friday taken for shipment , bat the general demand for tbU grain , si well 81 for Oxtraea ) , has been limited ; 3 s 7 d to Ss lid per 45 lbs may b « considered the eurrent rates for Oats , and 3 <'» s to 369 6 d per 2401 b * for Oatmeal . Inferior grinding Barley has been sold at 4 s 3 d to 4 s 6 d ; tine has brought 5 s to 5 * 3 d per COlbs . Beans and Peas as last noted .
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O'CONNOR , Esq ., of Hammewraith , Coob ^ Middlesex , by JOSMUA HOBSpN , ftt ^ Printing Offio-s , Nos . 12 and 13 , Markel Street , Brigfate and Published by the *»* Joihva Hobson , ( for the said -FkamW O'Connor , ) at his DwelliBK-house , N »« - * Market-street , Brigsjate ; an intern-1 Own * nication existing between the enid No . j * Market Streot , and the seid Nc » . 12 , ^ Market Street , Briggate thus coEStitHtaJg «» whole of the saW Priating and Publu ^ Office ene Prt-mist ;* .
Ml Commrjiications mast bo ad-kegse ^ ( PwH paid , to J . Hobson , Northern S tar 0 ®" ¦• '• Leedii . . ' ¦ . ¦ ¦ .. ' . . ' ¦' . - ' ( Saturday , Jylr 20 'b ; 18 S 3 . )'
Local Markets. " ' »
LOCAL MARKETS . " ' »
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- 3 _____ tHE JL 2 Jl !^^ ^^__ T ^ ~ ' rii * im . ^ 4 fJn " llwl' ^ i ' ^ f ^*^———Mfc
Lbers:—Printed For The Proprietor, Feargus
Lbers : —Printed for the Proprietor , FEARGUS
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), July 20, 1839, page 8, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1066/page/8/
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