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Northern Star (1837-1852), 13th May 1843, Edition 1 of 5, Page 7

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    • MARKET INTELLIGENCE.
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      ^^^ TTgeorge white . ( C ontinued from our sixth page . ) . . , Art would as soon bare expected to be dpil * rfc ? , *! iaTe been nude magistrates . After ewtfP-- **? L v-sd offered bail , which the magistrates te t ma ' f * L * & * *** bad Hnffered e ! eTetJ ' ^ ' ^ i ds ** ^ v ^ foT * through the madium of this court , 17 :- ' *^ ^ " accepted . That , e nreed , wa * a ^ H 2 * T . ~ .-i 0 B of these men . It w « s imputed to v ? ' ! i ( t : 3 £ y ^ a tM foi people to use force , bat he fc »*** vla «> tfc - i : ; r " * tbe Kit H appaared that , t ^^ SS fiie e ' rvee , anything would do to catch b : ** . f ^ : £ = * prosecution woald n » t alter his t caft *' ' ^ jjr ; 2 1 s parcel of downright nonsense jrncT' * " j ^ b ? en proved against him . Sach l&n-^ DO ^ 'f ed by foolib ! ^ ____ _

      . - _ „ . a » woman overy tatt i ^ r : iXiZ : eT . He had complied with the «*** 1 ! m £ - mir- -t-a '< - 6 ad had P ^ Tented aay pit ) . t& * ., > : „ . - i ? 5 . Tfie only real charge against him cjr 0 "t-t be tfld certwn political opinions . He tw , * 7 r ^ , KrMJ ' rpoa the time of the Court by mukinj ^ ^ r ' «* **¦ '¦*' ¦ " ¦' b-n ? - He t "" * - ** the . prrjudice J .. « i' ? " _ - . ^ _ .. k ^ or ,. a ^ hi forward to punish a ^ ^ ^ ~ , _ -. ^» n iulity of any crirna He would ' ' v ' -T&i ¦¦• " ! ' - ^ yrinciples ; R-d if any oss Fapi : * '" ¦ € he would £ i-i that he hd *

      • w _ , (> , , . * go . p * 7 , fj , e ^ ur . ? " rj-.-v As fsT as hU trial W 33 cont - ' * rl fi : . „ < -. y . be < io' 3 e justice to his own f * ei-- - *¦ - _ bc - « t t-j 'fsak in the hkhtst terms of s » ^ ^ - •¦" « . iB , whi had acted in the cco » t cp-^ ' % * -V *^ - teA assured him thst he aid not r ^ ^ t ^ ' nrT-s him at the time , because there wag T * " fi ^ o * ' i c ^ Krar-iitinn for him in Ws-. trick Gvr-l ^ - telts * njit ' . eycerinant He hoped their Lord * " ¦* * dcM 5 o >~» ' P " ^" > n 0 t M * iC ! 111 ^ ° wished * * *' « isT per ^ n . bat who wanted to see-justice K izji .. - ^ ^ lieved if toe G-vTcrnmont *** < ILrdbg to the * i& of the great mass of tae Kl ^ Ttfc ' n timei tfce amount of wealth would be pro ouia give tae worKiE ?

      r' ' in the 1 * ° J- Tce 7 ^ tT ^ L » : v means of carrying oat their resources , a ^ d \ flS ~ j would be a perfect paradise . If to ba-re a >^» rt for » is ffliow-creatures were a crime , JT > : W tVem paaisb him . WhsteTer might be his ff .. " £ aUi& ci'E ' -irae to hold Chartist principles . " ^ > - " b 1 j ejw lsa ^ e himself in ihe hands of the ^" s .-eist Aia ^ s Mr . Hill , and Mr . Waddi . vg-3 th 9 irt in of

      . 1 r ~ t £ to s ^_ S Co * aggravation : " . : I \ . *' r Ti-: r L- -rdsh : ps were aware tb « s at the * ¦ ' ; rnB ^ ca iiie cms try was in a stats of tie "" " ^ il aairt :. and the defendant had taken ad-^ T -8 cj ' thi * . excitement to arouse the minis of : Le Ti is - ' - ^ r 'P ^ ° m * Bcb ' 'e ^ an < i acts ° * TiofCT ^ isdi : f-s alined to be absolutely necessary to c ^ aeesss * « de ? e : dant , as he was a very active Ljjoe . er . ( Tery strong language- He had also ^^" p j ^ jris , od 6 of which was to this effect : —

      ' cSaraW the men cf the North b&Te Btrnci wcik tvj pecpk are being murdered ! Attend at Daddeston-T ^ -j ^ jt : Corns in y tar Uioasands !" lbs jgfsndifi ; had also written the following letter to c- -s «; - ~]> je Cooper , —We are in a tremendous atate of ex-Cc -ariit brrt—mili : a .: y . pensioners , police , spec al sBB&a . acnoa , and God knows what , is bein ^ Ktftdicto rrqaisition , Sturge and O'Neill sold as c . SaDdiy . tzi irckti up a meeting which they called ii . Tjer wdef-it obk of the following day . Cooper , Bsit ntTrr wt = rreatcr rascals than tfcfy hafe proved ssaseiT <* \ See tbe 5 / ar of Saturday . ) We held x netusgi ia < it £ inee of proclamations , txpofiiulaboss , and thrt «» from the magistrates . They coTfcmi

      Ibj * erj > s-Ti » w with police , but we ordertu the peop . ^ to IoApt cs , ud beW a meeting of 40 006 , trhen re earned the Charter amidst thundering cheers ' ¦ 1 iocrot to tell yon that my boose has bet > n snrrgsaiaii with police them two nights , and that n wirjb : is issied fw my spprehension- I have Deverthele ^ Ei . t £ » d with the » yT « rticn people , and addressed them g drusoe of their -arirrsiit . We ah&ll meet again t » - Ethi , sad no miiiike . There waa some u ^ ly work terctt ; niy bo 4 y- ? uird chocked a raw lobster into icraa . I would nibn than ^ 10 we had you here to cf "Spread tfce Charter . " 1 expect to be landed in ITuvitt frjal bcf . re a ^ Brday ; but dear Coop . * , HMt auaJ » hii ^ -rfais ak I have m&de up my mind t drf fcy our glorious motto , The People's Ccarter ,

      isi k Krreftdtr . " Your democratic brother , ' Q . White . ** esis retting on glorionsly here . O'Neill and Safe late flam tip : tbemseWfes . " ii c « d the meetings he bad told the mob that the i } i 3 z of GjT = rti 3 i- nt must be done away with . If iir ? Eok b's adTiw , their wires should wear silk gowns be ' . * us Eiiumer wa * over . It was considered right to pssexla the defendant , and he had been feu ad 1 * 5 ; , iod was now brought up to receive the judg-Ba » af 2 * Court .

      & . Jutke Patt £ SO > ' then proceeded to piss sen-Sis&EpoBihfidfefenu ^ ut . He hid been tri ed at War » ii , ui oonricted upc-n three counts of the taoictr iehk . Cpoa the feTiiezce the jury were satisfied that t . rlshii " w * n committed at any one of the meetings ; fist * ai £ xk anything in the character of those m t ; tipTtidi j = £ aently ied them to the conclusion that * itj - « t « Takwful assem&lifcs ; therefore he ( the ( W = aiii :, lad been acquitted upon those parts of lbs iatieaas . Bat it was tooe recoliec ^ d that althouxh ' tt vjat lot wtieh it waa assembled might not have heaiBBli » ial , and therefore a man who had takm pir . a sstb a meeting might be ttquitted of unlawful

      * sorhu-, ; et the way in which individuals conducted iiaifclTa n those meeting migbt still be the subject ^ ipnaeeatkm , t : z , for the lacguage used on that ccskq . fie , the defendant ) had stated to the Ccw be could not conctire why he bad been k *? b 5 np Wore that Court , Now when it was F ^ jwed to p »« s stntenoe upon him at the assizes , he ksxHhtd objecteJ to iu being done , and bad desired to tost bef en the Court of Qa-ben ' s Bench . He said « hi been found guilty of Deiug a Chartist Now « £ » m not the case ; Lee charge was , that be bad C ! a * d seditious language at the meetings—language toa&tA to txrite tie people to act * of violence , and

      * *»* by force ttie constitoted Mthorftiea of the SC 5 SS 7- He » id he nad held Chartiat meetings for a ?¦» l «« ions , and had nerer been indicted or brought *«« \ bt magistrates for attending any cf those meet-^ Ti * t was bedusc they were conducted in a qiiet a . »* the lanjuage which was used , although it ^^ P * b » te boea of somewhat iiifiammEtory characier , ^ 7 * 1 ft ^ o siting as to call for tbe interftrenee « ax ttthorities . Tee charge in the indictment was , «« bs iEt « ded to exsite aaa persuade large numbers U& ^ orkog ciassejfind labourers to conspire together " «* se v > 4 abstain from working and labouring in * f = MjecSTe trades , for the purpose of obtaining a cciifsm tb * l « ma constitution of the country—that W tf , 1 ^ 481 ^^ whieh i 4 ' ^ ctarged that he = * " a *«! Oe lacrniEe sat out in the iodictmsnt . and |

      * M *« onabr / jfth » , t intaution were proved , it was of ,. ^? . * R 1 ^ 1 eJancter . Nothing could be more likely ^ ffV « i ? * ^ murdfcr acd . all soi-U cf miacT . •""? _ ^ Kn « people who were out of employ-^ -- ^ diffcreotpara of the country , and who would ip , - ^' . " 11 tPsec o «; a « t as much as if they were in the tt ^ T" * "ftftowfcooi There wm no doubt that » C ? P 60 pie Ba < iw tbfr 8 s circumstAnces , ready as they --seoBaut tny depredaticn , wia in tff ^ nce of a 'ii ^ ! i aoipaoB ' ' defendaiit ) seemed to r ~ *•» ^ t nutter to bold language of this sort to ** i i ta Ot ** i * " Jt ^ y no meani s 0 ; it sisp tf ^ Tf * ler ioas coHStqaence ; it was by bfcginfc ^ le , rf " ! " * ihxi V * ? ' * ^ "e led on to insurrection P-ifiw K . ' ai < * ' " * ni tlxh 0 ^^ violer . ee took o / ^^ T * *< asion , that was owing to the vigilance " ^ " * gtStrsita . Be iMr ThiHm P . ^ nnm vnnld

      fce » tt ^ r * . defen ' JMti , and all who heard him , to c p ai ^ Jn f ? what **** hfcd dcme lhey had been ""i aA *^ bringing on the commuiiity very sen vus . "f ct j ^/ . h Bpon ^ n ^ J ^ es very aerere puniiil :-iiaa * ' ~*' Pendant ) had stated that the magU- ; lid b = Jr . J ^ " Sd Iar from that > * Proclamation k ^ latT * ^ Ma JeK 7 on account of the dh-^ » r »^ f ewmtry ; and th = mMistrates , finaing fc KSt ^^* ^^ been bfcId « aDd Ulat " » ^^^ t 4 i 2 i ! rmiClO lr «« l becoming in a very excited ^ aSSIr ' tn ^ T 6 ry P ™^ * P ^ fOTW ' atd etj v j ; J 7 v * ° * pcm . M tot to meet ; they io « o ! lrv * utiI ! 'in thei » dnty ^ < Jit j tot Cja ^ ^ 1 tte defendant , if he were a sincere j ^ whqi ej ^ pjoju ^ i g ^ jg Qjg opini ^ Qj be enteriiaiey ^ L " *™ ^* * & *¦ discussion , should , When k ¦ •** & «» PUt fon ^* rd « b * Te t * 11 * k » t that was ^¦ iMB edftL . PTomB ^ &ting those principles , and ; ^^ TLtTt g il "white the csnntry was in that j U * Ite ^ lnttesd of that he took advantage of it ' * ° *«?^ dear Md d"tioct , no person could ' tetittp . "f * Tery wdiUous character . He ( the U * turBloBr ; ^ l » Dgna « e had nodiing to do with . f ° r tte

      ^¦¦ wfh ?^ ' ^ S ^ e was thU :- ' •^¦ f t ^ , ^?" &nd ¦* " * faIt togetiw ' S ( be ** te » » kl « - tre ont ' * " ^ determined not to . ** ** teonif J ? ^^ «* ' ^^ « ' * Dd wfay ' ?*• ^ ke W , Birm «>« ham do tbe same ? ' HtJe ! fc W ? t ?* , dlai > 8 ed * sainsthim and proved to ! ^ J » rrfe ^ ' Do man f 68 ^ 111 ? It eould say \ *¦ «•« disti ^ ^ tiie " mm-out ; " nothing eould i * Taiiirr * " "ear- " We will have a meeting i *» lhui ie tf ' and we » i » tot tbe people of Bir- ! " * ^ bi hTTl 7 ^^ - *> metiung in Btrming- ! ^ Hhtttt T ?™^ ^ ; we will walk in procession j 1 ?** Use rwL * n " ^ "P 011 Joa to go fox nothing j *** 7 aT ^ T ' ' iiycB" * iUstick to me , I am deter-* ^»^ w ^ *? ^ Ch * rt « - Tbe coUier . have **« to h ^ ^ 8 ° ^^ * b * m ? They have deter-J * ° ^« of rIT ! right 3 ' ¦» re * iv to join the " ^¦ -. "S ^ W- * The * eond Jounti stui ^ 48 t » , »„ . , G ° e « ai ' a proclamation put up , j ^ ^ oewn hJ' ^ MBatioa at the time of the Bull- 1 S ^ fcfcw th v L- h 4 " ne avail - an ( 1 -R-ewUHet ' ^ - > L 7 ;* P r « = iimauon sUU be to tbe same i- ?^ « £ a w * Taii 5 ? h = tcioera are aU ont f . Jf

      ; b ^"* ^ til f- v' ~ ^ ettmsiBatit-n tii ^ y wiiJ i ^ ^ lewin it * " ia : lifcd ^ Charter . 1 hupc ' ^^ U ^ r - ^ ' ' in a fortnight you win t *; ^ ihiaTf -- " - yLU wiu « p ^ -i to . ^ * i-= a adiiL » u " ridiculous iaj uiii ; - ' iJtit ^ l ll ^ : - -- ^ d to mr thro L , f- ^ ee u ., y n : J fct gam h . h ^ - . L ^ ,

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      that would place them in a better situation . When he had spoken of bringing them in their jacket pocketB , no one could doubt that he had meant some weapons . It was clear that the inference waa that force was to be oppos-. d to any force adopted by the conjtitn ^ ed Buthorities . Under aU the circumstancas of the case , t , e sentence of the Court would be that he should be imprisoned in the Queen ' s Prison for eight months . It was understood that the defendant was ordered tD tbe Q-ieen ' s Prison , because tbe gaol at Warwick wi 3 so full that first class misdemeanants could not be accommodated . The defendant was then ttsccmd in the custody of Mr . Rester , the tipsULff of the court

      HARMONY HALL . LETTER IX TO TUB EDITOR OF THE SOUTHERN STaU . ^ > —In siy former letters , I have pointed out that tbe exigencies cf the tirnea now r « quire vigorous and decidrd estrtion on the par . of the poople for a universal o'jrct ; raaiely to secure the happiness of evejy \ r . iri ..-ii , hy afforvii-. g to all a sound practical ecacatio ; . und _ perraaoe t beneficial employment . 1 hive shewn tbu by means of tkio txfrtion , wellcor ^ biuvd sad wi > ely dir ^ cieu . tbe people hav > . now the pews ? of speedily following : b < - a < 1 vice given them somet -ri"s since by S . r R / :.-rt Peel ;—that they Bhou ' . d takd tbeir affairs into their own hinds ; and that i ? tbgy do bo , in n proper manner , thit eich individual will oest promote his own happiness , by aiding to secure at tbe same time , the happiness of all classes , ranks , sects , and p&rtie * .

      I have given the outline of an association , whereby a universal society may be formed on principles capable of giving satisfaction to all ; snri I have explained some of Uje preliminary ateps wLicii such a society should take , I have now to continue this division of my subject , by making some rcrcaika on the election of a President to tie Society , and i < f : hekiad of manifesto or Gharter that sha uld be put forth . With rtc ^ rd to tte first proposition , namely , who should be the P . esule . ; t of the AsEockition ; if your readers will refer to my letter , No . 2 , in this series , tbc-y will £ : ; a the following reniarks : — " I bnow . no

      parson whose krowltvge , either of the ? rta * . wants of tne p ' . ' -. pe , l » cf the r- ^ diest mode of obtaining those wau'J , are tqual to Mr . O ^ ren " s , and I wished the Caarirst bc- ; y to t 3 va before th-. -m & general review of his career . tLct if at any fn ' . ura pvriod , the question of a luitiesal « .: soi"Izitioii iai the pnrpsse of eff . cting a change m ^ y be necessary , wc may know where to look fur on- whom whatever d ' . ff ^ resoes may exist with rfgard to practical meamrea , all will acknowledge tj be beststqav . Hred with the principles on which tfcechange eic-uld be conducted , tnJ a cs : m investigation , will I thlik : plaoe iiim aa the centre from which ths unity shoaiil radiiie . "

      Prom these remarks it will be readily seen that I consider ilr . Owen the most fitting peison for the office of Present of the society , and thutassucb , 1 should be prtpa . ed to invt-at him with every authority necessary for the txeicise of that office . As 2 Jr . Owen has however teen lung feefore the public as a practical reformer , SEd has teet < es ^ -at , ed in stvers . 1 txperimeiits that have *" -etn det-mtc by the wurld to be failures , the que&tion mny here b * Xsiily put to me , wh thti my e&nfiJencs in Mr . Owen is unbounded -, the n . ore especially as it is weli known th&t we ha- ? f been much engaged together ia conducting theaSkinscf tbe social bo < 1 j .

      To Uijs I would reply that experience has tanght me that ne nr . n is yet Uuly ntional on evtry subject ; nor bhf-ild thi r . unlimited eorfi-itoce be placed in any one , ; -a : thon'd prostrate the i&teilect uf others to his © pinions a } ona ; more especiaiiy in matters of practical dttajl , for unless the convictions proceed along with action , no truly efficient service can be rendered ; but 1 know no individual whose general experience in practical detail equals Mr . Owen ' s ; acd , as it regards princip ' . irs , I believe all who read this , and know Mr . O « rea , wi : l cordblly agree that he Brands a-one in the general knowledge he possesses of the sciencea of human Eit' ^ re and of society . Thsre are , however , two points in Mr . Owen ' s individual orgav ' zition , to

      whicL I would draw the eepecial attention of those who would b ^ called upon to place him in such an ofike L » the one to which 1 refer , and respc-c . iug which 1 would obtain the best guarantees in my power to procure ; for my experience baa led me to believe that {/ recautions are necessary , and I should rtfl-ct little credit on Mr . Owen , as the teacher of such principles as he lays dowa , which I consider it my highest privilege to be a disciple of ; nor should I am sure give him -ny personal gratification , if I hesitated whenever and wherever it may be required , to declare my coavictions rox the purpose of advancing those principles in the most r * pid Hianner—the fwo points to which I refer arc finance , tnd the selection of individual

      cha-. I approach the subject of reviewing Mr . Owen ' s career in any language beside what the world would caJl that of praise , with great timidity ; although those « hft are truly acquainted with the principles on which tLe ecieccs of hum ^ n nature is baaed , will well know , : he id-ss of praise or blame cannot arise with me whilst 1 write ; knowing , as I do , that evejy action of every bpm&Q being is ntce&Bitated , and knowing also that : t is more ilkeiy 1 saouid judge erroneously than that Mr . Offcn should act so ; bnt the cause I advocate is that of t-eneral bumar . ity , and the emergency of tbe crisis prevents me confining my&elf to auy personal consideration whatever , and I am compelled , in the public du ; y I have undertaken , to declare what I beb » ve to be the truth , and the whole truth , when it becomes necessary for such hi ^ h purposes as redeeming and preserving my fcliowmen .

      > Mr . Owen ' s arrangements for reconstructing Bcxnety do not include a pound , shilling , and pence finance , , nor should he tver be mixed up with one , for he does not like it ; and , as it regards individual cbarscter , he jo readily believe * every one actuated by tbe Banie feelings as himself , that he appears to have little idea that he - is ever addressed for a personal or sinister ; purp «» e . These matters may , however , be easily ar-; ranged .- an -, as the affairs of the society become of ' sufficient magnitude to engage Mr . Owen's attention , ' his mind alone will be enabled to grapple with i them .

      ! A stronger proef of Mr . Owen ' s knowledge of tbe wants of the people cannot be given than is shown by ¦ a document which he has lately put forth , as ihe Pre-! liminary Coajiei of the R&vioaai System , and which , it ! would be extremely difficult to amend , as the manifesto of the new society . The following are the points ! of this Charter : — i l—National productive employment for all who de-1 sire it . / i 2—National unexclusive superior practical education ; for all who require it . j 3—A gr&cu&ied property tax , commencing with prc-) perties yielamgan income of not less than two hundred ; pounds a year . 4—The abolition of all existing taxes and

      mono-! : ponea . ; 5—Free tra-ie in all things with all the world . '• 6— Free < . gre&s and idgress to eli natives and foreigners ' except to foes in hostility . ; 7—Unrestricted iioerty of speech , writing , and publication . 8—Tae abandonment of the three fundamental er-• rors , hitherto taught to the human race from birth : 1—That man forms his own character ; ) 2—That be can believe or disbelieve at pleasure ; 3—That he has the power to like or dislike at pleasure . 9—The adoption of the three opposed fundamsntal truths ; 1—That man does not form his own character ; ; 2—That he cannot fcelieve or disbelieve at plea

      sure ; 3—That ke cannot like or dislike , love or hate in obedience to his wishes . 10—The abandonment cf the practice of creating anything inferior , when it may be made superior . 11—The abandonment af foreign aad 8 , 11 artificial-made m- ' -ney , and to the adoption of xutionaj-made money to represent tbe exact v&lue of exchangeable wealth . 12— The exchangeable value of all wealth to be decided by propeny qualified officers , appointed by the cation , who . will have no private interest to bias tbeir judimeEt

      Tiiis document contains matters of the most vital impcn&tice , all easily attainable at the present mement , becaune when carefully considered each separate proposition will be beneficial to every individual in tbe nation and may be easily > cewn to be ao . The only burthen imposed by it is that contained in the third point , namely , & graduated property tax ; but as this is to commence ouiy with those who have an incoms exceeding two bundred pounds a year , and will be accompa nied by the remission vt all existing taxes , even these persons will e > M > n perceive that their individual interest and security will be preserved ey this tax being B&id , v .: d they will , when tbe pressure comes , readily yiAd a portion te preserve the remainder . It will also be apparent th-. t Justice demands that taxation should be placed on what is called accumu . ated property , as it is this aione that requires protection .

      Tbi » Charter is , however , far too important to be discussed in tiiis letter , b « t will require many to point out anything at all approaching to the results to be obtained ; cut Mr . Owen states it must still be kept distinct from the objects for which it is destined to prepare the way , which axe to terminate , — lit . Poverty , or tbe most distant fear of it , for ever . 2 nd . All division of mind between individuals and nations . 3 rd . AU wars , civil , religious , and national . ¦ itb . Tne creation of all tbe inferior passions , with all unch&riiableness . otU . Tte unnecessary Eufferir / js of the millions proceediHg f rum causes , ail of whicn may now be removed , and their recurrence prevented . The man that could take Ve conception of these ideas and prouijig&w tiifcai on his ovrn responsibility to tbe world as tae means of exciting tbe thought and awaktniru ; the r » flection of other minds , must himself possess a mind ci . p-j . tne oi itaumg forward Euch a movement as iLe otc i ftftr t ' j ; or at least of acting as the central p ~ ict h ^ ra which it zbviiia ra < i :. ue . Itcre run-t De ^ iw-.-ca ' .-a wi *_ h the President , whoever t = icsy h-. s . s t-U cai ; v ; :, : he iijgt = t , Cilmest , ii . ' jz " . iu \ . ti ^ h ^ i , feii-J uivti aaTinced minus thut can

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      be procured , and these persons must be actuated by the deaitt of promoting the great objects contemplated , for , unless this be the case , it will be quita useless to attempt the formation of the society . The St-cretary also must be- well adapted for fcia offios , for on the manner in which he performs the duties assigned him will very materially depend the rapidity with which progress is made ; for although nothing cmi long retard the progress of public opinion , yet the dtt .: ils of an efficient organizj-iioa , by which alone it cm be rendered effective , can only be cecured by its being under the arrangement and controal of a single mind cipable of comprehending the subject in all its bearings .

      Much will also depend upon tte Missionaries being practical men , well acquainted with business , and capable of explaining the views and objects of the society to the puvUu ; and these must be chosen without any distinction as to class , sect , or party views , for the association must be one that will absorb aU classes , Beets , and parties , and lead all forward towards the o > j-ct in view—tLut of releasing all from the great amount of vies , crime , and misery which now so abundantly prevails . If tlib tin ; a has arrived when the great bulk of the

      paople arc prepared to thi :, k senou 3 ly on their coadition , and to provide an effectual remedy for tbe evila under which tht-y labour , there is no doobt but th « y may readily accomplish the tisk , and a short time -oull i ^ tcTniv . ti ¦» aether tbis Is * -he case or n » t . One thing , however , is certain , that the pressure now placed upon us is every flay getting more severe ; that there is no oth-r mode of escape than the one proposed , namely , that of identifying all interests in one , and tbat tf proper nieins be adapted to combine them , all the elements required for success f xist most abundantly around us on ail aidm .

      In my next letter 1 propose to enter Into some of the substantive ajvanra ^ ea tbat would b" derived from the adopt : . n of Mr . O * en " s Preliminary Charter , as the basis of a strongly united movemtnt , and I shall endeavour to fchow tue ease with which it may be obtained , 8-wCuriDg , as it will , advantages for alL I am , Sir , Yuur obedient servant . William Galpin . Harajony Ball , neir Stockbridge , Hants , May 8 , 1 S 43 .

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      THE NATIONAL BENEFIT SOCIETY , OF ALL THINGS > 5 OST NECESSARY IX AID OF OUR STRUGGLE FOR ThE CHARTER .

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      m > TO THE CHARTISTS OF GREAT BRITAIN . Brother Chartists , — -We the members of the General Coancil of the National Charter Association resident in the Metropolis , taking into consideration the propriety of immedw . te steps being taken for reorganizing the ChartiBt body , do hereby urge upon you the necessity of sending delegates to a conference to be j held on Tuesday , May 23 rd , at the Political and Scien- j tific Institution , 1 , Turn-again-lane , London . We have adopted this plan for the following reasons : — First—Because it is necessary that a conference should be held to ensure unanimity of feeling , and also that some known body should call it into existence .

      Second—Because many good men who probably « njoy the confidence of their previous constituents will remain in London , and others will arrive at the time appointed , in order to receive their sentence from tbe Court of Queen ' s Bench . Taking advantage of tbis circumstance will save much expense ; and if these men are deprived of their liberty there will be consolation in feeling tbat their last act has been devoted to tbe strengthening and establishing the Chartist movement Pressing upon yon the necessity of immediate steps being taken , and desiring-your opinion through tbe medium of the ensuing week's Northern Star , We remain , yonra , Thomas Mills , Chairman . Wm . Salmon , Secretary . P . S . Districts not in a condition to send delegates Cin bend written instructions , directed to the care of Thomas M . Whtelsr , 243 £ , Temple Bar , London .

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      W . H . Castes , Esq ., and his agent , — Crampfcon , Esq ., son to the Rector of Killucan , have been on a visit with Lord Castlemaine , at Hare Island , while inspecting bis estates iu that neighbourhood , and making such arrangements for his teuams as the distressed state of agricultural produce demanded . An Expsnsivs Ch&jstehjkg . —A statement more singular than gratifying , was elicited in the House of Commons on Monday evening , when a vote for £ 110 , 000 was proposed to defray the charge of " eivtf contingencies , " that no less a sum than £ 2 , 500 was expended in the preparations for the christening of the Prince of Wales , and £ 500 for changing Mb Royal HighneBs ' 8 coat of arms 1 What a blessed babe . '

      Teetotaliers in Amehica . —I was particularly pleased to see the Irishmen , who formed a distinct society among themselves , and mastered very strong , with their green scarfs , carrying tbeir national harp and their portrait of Father Mathew , high above the people's heads . They locked as jolly and goodhumoured as ever , and working the hardest for their living ; and , doing any kino if sturdy labour that csme in their way , were tH * nio ? t independent fellows there , I thought .- Dkken 5 on America .

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      without taking brandy , wine , as any other liquors , knowing that they must ba prepared for the several conveyances early in the morning . I followed their example Thursday , 25 ^—Before I had got washed and dressed , I was honoured before fiv « o'clock , W'th a cali from Colunel Jones , who expressed hia regret thiit h > was engaged to go seventy mHtis up the rupMa thi « morning at sevt-n . He informed me he had niiic ' i ;> ru-IK'rty in Illinois and Winsomsin ; and that a shut towt-r in ttie mining districts belonged to him and others , whfcte th « y m-A-. ufactuted a ton of shot a d y . The Colonel was intimately acquainted with the country to which 1 was steering my course ; and bad time permitted ho would have baeti moat happy to have givan a !! rbo iuf'irniatioii in his power . We agreed that on my return , I should stay with him a day or two . Dariuu our

      conversation Mins Jones anil a gentleman wer « *• # ;' . ! ^ njj outside in a carriage ; he joined them and drovu < ff iu a rattling pace . I was very soon ready , had btv ; kf-tat . and wa = driven to the railway station , ¦ where ! arriv . uO at seven . Tiie trains do not siavt aa punctually as in E . jjland . The jst ^ ara-boat hotels are most ra-psctablc hvjse . s My ci > : i : £ 6 at one for bf < i and breakfast was 37 £ c nts 25 for in * letter , and 12 h fur tba former . Tbev <\ - >) Vu us in tho carriugo and conveyed ths > Juggnge w'rrv . u ' . cbarge . I , bsiug Jam *' , c ^ uM not wsar shoes ; rut n-u - velled in plu « h slippers , which required no cI' - ' . ti ' d ? . I saw no chawbar rua ; J ; tiie waittis were the \ -.: \ 'ior 1 and sbVoral others , who never thought of asking for anytlaing . Indeed there are no begsara here ; you pay the fare , and no one further molests you .

      At the railway 8 Uti' > n I paid my fare for Chicago iu Illinois ; part by rail and much by stage , an <; sixty miles crossing the Like Michigan by s * eam boat This I did on condition that I should « ay whvin and whtre I pleased on ibo way . The fare v ? a , a ten Uoilars . Ha , d ( b ^ en aw ; ire , I coukl have purchased a sort of scrip hera , and wuti it paid my fare at one thir 1 less thin its nominal value . I was too late in making tho discovury ; and a Yankse who wenb with me nn ^ er a blind to take that advantage , was outwitted by thu clork . The scrip is a State scrip , issued for th <> completion of the railway , and cannot be rtfusHd a . s paytnent of passage . Many Yankees , " sharp" lmn , are on the altrt to make one-third , more or less , of a strange passenger .

      Wo travelled on thia single line railway at tho rate of fifteen miles an hour , taking care to utop oft ennuKb for refreshment , with which I was greatly annoyed ; but the generality of the passengers seemed to vie with eachotLer in gormandising at every halt . The country from Detroit is very flat ; water generally standing stagnant on tee Bides of the railway . There aro partial ckarings and log huts . Much of the oats and Indian corn are- not worth cutting , btjin ;; nearly covered with weeds . The rails are bad and uneven ; there are no fences , aud the paco Md frequently to be slackened in conisequenoft of tho cuttle feeding upon tbe line , which if we bad run foul of , would have upset us . Pigs were more plentiful 5 n our way than we dtsired . I observed a field of rbx ; thy first I had s- ; en since I landed .

      YpsiLanti ia thirty miles from DETROIT , conta'ning a population of 2 , 0 » 0 . The house * are principally painted white and pleasantly scattered over the green fields . A person natn .: ri Lazatier is erecting a wcullea factory aL tbis place . There are seven buildings h'oi i ; g forward and several puhlio works . I had not time to obtain particulars , but the appearance bespeaks energy , taste and capital . Two stage coaches awaited our arrival but I did not learn their destination . A creek supplies water power to the machinery . I observed sheep trucks , aad persons engaged in

      rolling tbe land on the edge ot the Creek , along which we travelled for some miles . We had a perfect straight line of railway , with very little cutting , from Detroit to YpsilaNTI ; uow it was circuitous with many cuttings ; entiiely giavol with very thfa soil . Much of the woot * . waa cut down , yet mucu underwosd remained . A few luiiea from Yi'silanti a large mill wasin coursa of er < ction which was roofed , but had not the windows in . The la-ndj seemed dryer aud better cultivated as we proceeded ; there were many beautiful farms , and extensive brickworks where ox-n were employed in mixing tbe ean < t and clay .

      Ann Aiivor ) asix inilesiTom YPSiLAtiTi ; population 1 , 000 . The Creek runs through thin place , the banks of which are beautiful . There Is some low marshy land and a few town-like buildings . Some iron is also manufactured here . Scio i * a small place with fl > ur and saw mills ; population 200 . Some litt' . e morass . Dexter bas a population of from 3 to 400 . The banks here assimulate to the old country . 1 observed a small prairie , and saw rooks , the same as we have in England . LEON I is n very small but neat place , with very fine high rolling land iu the neighbourhood ; there are aho some clearintrs .

      Jackson has a population of 400 . It has a large State prison . Here the ratlway terminates . I nw'ie a short stay , then mounted a stage coach , tefcin ? ™ y sep-t by the side of the driver . The day was very hot , and when we started the road was very steep , with dry sand ; and as we proceeded up a hill we were all but stopped , particularly on the summit , by tbe immense quantify of dust . We then dosoonded a precipice at a most alarming speed . The ro ; i 1 was generally cf tbia description in this neighbourhood , without form , but ' -y 110 means void of atumps ot trees . Brushwood very often touched the traces ; wkile large blocks of stono and h \\\ s of earth bound together by roots were frequently met with . The rats for the wheels were uneven and deep , white the trail for tbe horses waa a moat nnseemiy f . ffiir .

      Tha full excellencies of this road , however , we 01 i not dwuover until we cime to the Corduioy Bridges wbicu often occur , when a creek , a river , or a marsh haa to be creased . They are formed by driving large trunks of trees into the ground at Btated places , on the tap of which they affix other large trees , transversely ; and on these ore rolled other trunks of trees to form tho road . No regard is paid to the relative eizj of these tre s ; here you have one some eighteen Inches Id diameter , ar . d the next some nine or twelve , and this too without a hatchet being put to them to flatten them . This sort of way we sometimes had for hundreds of yards together The unevenness , the jolting , and the slippir ^ of the horses' feet from want of secure footing caused me involuntarily to say that no better means could possiblj have been devised to shake soul and body asunder .

      At short stages , the horses and cabmen were changed . Some of tbe drivers I found , to a cf rtuiidegree convertible ; but all were very guarded , short , and dry in their expressions . All agreed tbat the roads were now at the very best ; and tbat they would b > - infinitely worse in the autumn , when people being afraid of travelling by the lakes , because of tho storms , would crowd the stages . We passed through a . Very fine country , with some wet prairies . In three hours we travelled from JamestoWjN toSMiTHFiEiD . being sometimes in the bush , then ruuningfoul of trees—foi we passed through forests in our track—next a bridge , then an bill , and last a precipice , on descending -which with breakneck speed , we sunk in a pool of stagnant water , tbe vehicle totteriDg most alsrming , and every moment in danger of being overturned .

      Albion haa a population of 300 . A large Methomst Seminary is building here , and there is alsea fl mr mill and a few stores . The mill stands on tb « river KaLAMAZOO , which we crossed by a large wooden bridge , not of the corduroy kind , but covered with planks instead of round stumps of treta . The batiks of the river are very picturesque . The country is formed of fine sloping banks with rolling prairies and oak openings . The buildings in the village axe neat and clean . Six miles from Albion is the small village of Marlage . It doeB not contain more than twenty houses , yet there are some flue Sour mills . We changed horses here , at Manyard ' s Inn .

      We next arrived at Marshall—Michigan centre . The population amounts to about one thousand five hundred . It b % a some good stores . The Marshall house is a spacious DoteL There is likewise a handsome Court-house , a few good looking villas , and many well-built dwelling houses . It is expected that thia place will soon be constituted the capital of tbe State , being tbe centre , and , of course , the most convenient and proper . Near the place is a good free-stone quarry , and a mill with machinery for cloth-dressing and wool-carding is about being put in operation . There are also in this place a linseed-mill , two sawmills , and two flour mills , alt worked by water power ; for the of others

      and they are din ^ inj ; erection . The railway from DETROIT is to puss here , and is expected to be completed , so far , in about a year . The coach stopped at tbe Marshall-house , and on alighting I immediately made inquiry for a conveyance to Chester . Wliile doing so I met with two Scotchmen , who wect and found a third Oaa of them kuew me as a Ciiartist at Glasgow . HtB name is Ebenezar Anderson , by trade a mason . He told me he bad been enly two months in tbo place ; tbat his wages were two dollars per day ; tbat be had got a quarter of an acre plot in the town , and that in a fortnight he would have a new house upon it He also told me he bad been offered fifty actes uf land for a verge watch .

      Another of the Scotchmen was a person named Jonas Walken » haw . He waa from Locbgelly , in Fifeshiro ; he had a wife and four children , and worked on tbe railway . He liked the country , but would advise no one to go . He had got money , aud waa purchasing scrip of the Irish labourers , who , like himself , received it for wages , and then sold ii at half price tor whisky . This is the same sort of scrip as the sarip I mentioned when apeaking of Detroit . It is to be taken up with the first proceeds of the railway when finished ; So that Bete

      and it bears 7 ^ per cent interest- was a source of makmg money by buying mosey at halfprice , and realizing 7 j per cent until it is taken up . It is rather remarkable that thia man had been in the employ of Dr . Smyles , at Daikeith , and be was mucti surprised on reading the letter he ( Dr . S ) had addressed to me . He informed me that he had purchased as good a cow for thirteen dollars , as he iiad giveu ten guineas for in Scotland . He also stated that he went from Gtore-bridge along with his father to reside in Fifeshire .

      My third countryman was Charles Cameron , from Banff , also a mason ; he had been five years here , and . I was told , had in that ti ^ e saved 12 , 000 dollars ; hf bus got plots of land in payment of wages , and had built upon them , and had then sol < i both buildings and pio . s He row porj .-s ^ s twenty- ' x f . crrb ; aud tb > tvuu . 'l where tlw »' a i " ny is to Uriiiii . aU : J :-. ii- )» rot >' wrty . Wtitii it ia commit ; ted , it Yviilr ' .-ntfsr his portion

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      very vr . hnble . He had made seven dollars pc ^ day , on an average , since he came here . The thrt ;; - f .-, rnif < hed me with the prices of tbo following articles : — Chsese . five cents , rf tail six c-Ji . tr ? tier 'b . Butter , ' fcieht cents ., r . tail nine c :: iit 3 . per lb . Lard , four cents ., retail six ctmls per lb . Thursday , 25 . h— I sKpt at the Marsha I bouse , an < l rost ; at bru . ik of d . »^ . I got info my Bue ^ y , a « tboy cal ! it , a lit " ! " before six . and start-d ofF , irqirri . 'g my if

      era , ' , toBeLvi'E , O . i my way I cv-rt- ^ h r . e , my laU ; fdiow-pa .-n' -rgarson a * u- Erie , vl ; o * &e it -in- ' from n *\ r Rochester to Behry . the next county u > Eatok . I gave him a lift as fur « .:. I was . gning . and be iefc me 1 at BELVliE , without even « iyiO f : " thurh you " I Belvue is a pretty pl . itr ? , with tw-j cot and pearl i ash manufitforka . It bus a ) so oim saw nill , on ^ &jnr I mil ; , one turnery , three stores , one tewpsraur ' j . ~* i < \ two I nul . iic h < ii -s . It haa JikeTifti gyms csioriaiv-. i hrickj yards , and is celfbr : t-d for raahing br « a < ' . Mr . Woodi bury , wtto is an ¦ x -uH-: ve Btorc-fccept-r , takes ashes in exeha " i !» - or jV < -iy

      tlcr »_ I inrain ; . r . q . r . ry ire Mr . ( Jr-. w + her ' s residence at Ofcf - er J . ad w-. s tjlrt ih ^ t ruy b- ¦ " w ; . y ¦ . v .. . ; lc bo to go . tLi \' ., r on hor ^ r-ick tl . e r > w . . > ' . t- ' ntj ej \ -, -7 bad . I ; rqaired it . tiicy w « . i'e * "om tn . i those I . ini trav-l ^ d <> v ^ r , anil w ' . is ans .. vrbil th » t if ( ., _ to .- . - . , ; . yrttt deal worse ' : ' ut tnU I deeuie . i t > ne l . t ^ Oooihie . I i ; quired if I coul'i "borrow a &a l . ile , '' i . n& < va .. » U >\ d U ; a 5 I could not bcrro v cue there , but pfsrhaps [ m ^ ht gefc one > : t tho (¦ a . v-uiUl . I askdd hoiv far > . nat w ^ s < iist . iut , aud lecciftii for answer ib : d it was eii'ht ruii ^ . s which ¦ vai fuvtb ' . t tbita I txpcoA ^ u haviu ^ to ' 40 in nil : how-^ vt-. v ,. 1 katv , td tbrs ( . tue distance I hed to travel w ^ 3 fourt-t-n mil ' .-s ; and , what tpp . s stiil worsf , that ihe worst p trt ef the ro ^ d vpas before I reached Liie sa wmiil . 1 th » n inquired if they tCi- 'U ; : ht I c ^ uld get through ; A'han , uftcr £ Cii . nirig the horse the carriuHe , and luyeeli , tae answer , in hfcS ' . tatiug tonu , was , " perhaps—you—might !''

      I soon found that I had a difficult task to perform . However I pivc-eded up a Jane , crowded wilh round Btumpsof treea . tartufeeV hiiih . Atflrbtl m ^ aa ^ etltodriva roiiTKi them to ' erably well , uml so ; u came in si ht of a log hut , where a . roa > i br " . ncbod to the rigut . I enquired ruy vay to Chester , a yonner woman told ma ttut botlu tbe roficla led to that place , but that the one to the riyut vciis the best . Alois ; fais I therefore procoedei ; the ianu being more crjwded wif-. h . "tumps , and evirteutly ' . ess travelled upon , and fuli 01 clcop ruts . I ha ! not t ; ot nboYo ^ - > , f a mile on the ioz . d bxfcv * my track ltd me f .-ora tla lane into th ? forest . Toere wns hero the most splendid tiuib-r , in prrt-at vu . 'i& < -. Some of the trees could not be Ices than 100 ftet hi ^ h , generally very strai ^ l aiid without a twig to tho top . I had seen none so fins hince my land ng , and I mnch ' a ' -isn'ied thtai : xs my steady , wiling little horse proceeded slowly over the broken turf .

      Slow as w .. s niy pace , I was convinced that I had for ; ued but tvu imperfect estimate oi tne uifiicultiea I bad to encovD * er . One pit in raipid ^ ut'CPSiioa followed the other , fca ' .: h increasing in siz ^ ami d ^ ptu . This cau ° ed , we to heaitate ; and en loukinc ; at tht track I rtrfl cted on the saying of the coacbroen , that the roads ware now at the best , and thatiuauiuu . ii tL > 7 would be ten tunes worso ! I must hive traveled at least bix dreary miles when to my crest joy I observed an cpeniug Iietweeu the trees , and eoou saw a log cabin , at which I halted and asked if I could obtain refreshment for iny horse . There wai only a woman in the place , who said she was too ill to render me any assistance ; bntsbe told me where the wtil was , and also where I should flnd a " cradle" ( a

      sort of scythe ) , with wnick I m ' . ght cut down a few oats for mysfcjf . This I socn accomplished ; and after renting hiilf an hour , again proceeded on my journey to Chester ; and . ai tiie Gouutry aeemed clear , I considered my troubles at un end . A boy and a young pirl , who had entend the bouue wkile I remained , rode half a mile with ine , and were foolish onougb to let me paas tbe proper lans . I ba > i uot got above a mile before I came to a farm , where I saw and epeke to a person whom I took to be the owner . He answered my questions rather drily . I had not gone more thuu 200 yards before I got out of wy track and w&s compelled to alight and lead my horse . The dry farmer observing ma , c . iiuu and voluieetwt the i&foivnst ' . oa thai 1 was in tLe wrong tratk . and after assisting to find my

      whip , which the joitiug bad throwu out of toe gig , I retraced my stfps . He also assistsd me to gat from aiUoasBt some fellad trees , and then informed ui 9 that there were others which I should flnd some difficulty iu getting acrosa . I was soon enveloped in the hush , an i found many pita and targe trees ia my course , which proved greater impedimtnts than any I had heretofore encountered However , I compassed them , ar . l after much labour reached the saw mill ; where I got better tood for my horse and some refreshmentfor my » e ! f . Of course , I related ray adventurft , and after describing my difficulties in the e ' earest manntr possible , tbe o ! d man coolly and dryly observed . " When people travel kero they take their hatchet with them . "

      I was goon on my way again , and had not gone above 200 yards before I once snore found myself in the buah , I made another &i . uggle , and after a long darkness I had another peep at the sky . I next saw a man engaged in chopping off the boughs of a tree -which lay upon the ground . As soon as he lifted up bis eyes , ha raised himself from his position , and in an extacy of joy called out my name , and came and embraced me . He was from Huddersneld , aud had not seen any one from tbat place , nor from JEnyfanci , since his arrival , txcept thoae with whfin be resided . He soon took me to Mr . Crowthtr . My horsa waa taken cars of , and I was at home for the nigb u

      I bad always been given- to unueratamd that much hospitality prevailed in ttw wildernesses of America ; but at the saw miil , above mentioned , I was chargedthough it was only a private house—six times the amount of whit I aad my horse consumed . This was by old Dry-sides , who toli me " I shonld have had my hatchet with me . " At this mill I met a gentleman who liad losi hia koine—it having strayed ; and he was kind enough to inform me that in my way I must take a side course , through an « nclosure , or I should be fast ; and sc I should have been had I not attended to hia directions . The saw milt is called Venuontiae .

      Tho practice fcere is to take a thrashing machine into the middle of a wheat field , and there thrash and winnow , and after carrying away the wheat , leave the straw and chaff in an irregular heap . I have frequentHpteen men thrashing in the open air on a sort ofwooden platform , laid down for the purpose . On being introduced to Mr . Crowther , he manifested much astonishment at seeing me there . He took me round his land , at least , so far as my lamene s would allow me to go ; part of it was- cleared , aud part covered with close and heavy timber . He told me th : it ;; : nce he bed last come from England he had escbeaged farms witti his brother-in-law , and that tUe one for which he had exchanged being well cleared , be thought be could dispose of it for cash , of which he stood much in need .

      Crowther resided in a log hut , which bad been left by his brother . The oue in which he had previously resided was occupied as a weaving shop by J . imes Baifey , acd a person of the name of Wood , from Staithwaitu . Yorkibire . They also resided in it , and it waa truly a cammed-up affair altogether . There was also a cow-house , which waa much too open for a winter coveting . Ke has alao a pair of oxen , a few cows , a swarm of pigs , and some poultry . His wheat has thia year been destroyed by smut ; hia Indian corn , however , ia of a middling quality . The land , wuich was partially cleared of stamps , is of a rather light sandy soil j not , in my opinion , calculated to yie . d a very heavy crop of anything , except timber . I may be mistaken , but appearances corroborate tt . e opinion I have formed .

      A flue , tbouch small , stream of water runs through part of the property , which wonld be rendered vaiueah ! e in propelling machiiiery , of which Crowther is veiy anxious to possess himself , being desirous to embaik in maruf ; cturicg , from which , I believe , he might derive m . ucb profit . Tbe place might soon be converted iuto a vtry comfortable and happy spot . Oa finding mystif amongst those to whom I was known , I felt quite at home . Bailey , and Wood were weaving veatings , and Bottomley was the person whom I found chopping the tree . Mrs . Crotfther soon prepared supper which consisted of batcher ' s meat , butter , cheese , eges , fruit pies , bread , biscuits , potatoes , tea and cold water . After the repast they told ma they would have a pig killed for me on the following day . I said as I mnst leave in the morning it would be of no use . ( To be continued . )

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      Liverpool Cattle Mahket , Monday Mat 8 . — The suppiy of Beasts at market to-day has been much the eame as last week , bat rather a smaller supply of Sheep . Beef 4 . } d to 5 . ^ d , Mutton A ^ d to 6 d per lb . Number of Cattle at market : —Beasts 1 , 039 , Sheep 3 , 049 . Livebpool Corn Market , Monday , May 8 . — The imports of each article of the Grain trade eince this day se ' nnight are of small amount , A cargo ( about 950 qra ) of Wheat arrived from Danzig . We have still to report only a limited demand tor Wheat , but holders of that gram have been somewhat more

      tenacious , and for the middling qualities of foreign . Id to 2 i per bushel advances has been obuiued ; the business of the week includes a purchase or tyro for the interior and for Ireland . Flour has met a moderate Bale at previous rates . There has been little inquiry for Oats , but . the quantity offering being at the same time small , prices have been maintained ; best mealing samples are worth 2 * 4 d per 451 bs . Oatmeal must be quoted 6 d per load cheaper ; 19 s f > d per 240 Ibs a top price , and not much sold . Barley is held for rath * r more momy . No change as regards Beans or Peas .

      London Corn Exchakgb , Monday , May 8 . — The supply of Wheat by land carriage samples was moderate this morning , and the 1 actors tried to establish an advance , which they could ouiy do 10 the extent of Is on the fiuo dry wnue and rea , aud parcels out or' ccsdi ' . ion remain as last week . There wero a few country buyers of foreign at market , which gave a liuie nv . > ra spirit , and good sweet Wheat must be quoted Id dearer . We bad no irquirieB for bondtd . Barley is Fcaroe , anil sells at the name rate ? . !' ¦ a < 'vrru'fi wi'lmui , alu-iMMcn . Ivew Beans Hvro fully s \ .-, iii •»>* . ( . ' 1 < : a vu-y dull r- - ) o . Oats were taken siowlj ai last Monday ' s currency .

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      EMIGRATION . WHERE TO , AND HOW TO PROCEED . flOTES OF A IOUR THROUGH A PORTION OP CANADA , AND SEVERAL OF THE STATES OF NORTH AMERICA , PAUTICULAHLY THE 0 TATES OF MASSACHUSETTS , RHODE ISLAND , NEW Y « RK , PKN > S * LVANIA , OUIO , MICHIGAN . ILLINOIS . WISCONSIN . ANDREW JERSEY , » NDEK 1 A # EN WITH A VIKW OF ASCERTAINING THE DESIRABILITY , OR OTHERWISE . OF EMIGRATION ; AND TO JUDGE OF THE BEST LOCATION , FOR ENGLISH EMIGRANTS , FROM ACTUAL OBSERVATION . BY LAWRENCE PITKETHLY , of Huddersfield . C Continued from our last iveek's paper . J JOURNAL—DESCRIPTION OF DUNKIRK , 8 ANDUSKY . DETROIT , &c

      SUNDAY , 2 M—1 got up early this uiominc ; , and by appointment drove out vsitli Mr . Spencer and his brother to tbe Indian settlement , somo b \ x ot seven miles from Buffalo . We also dvova round the city , and in our courne Mr . Spencor showed me sume houses whicti had rested upon stone fouQvialioas , but which fand buen washed from their portion by the -westerly winda upon the lake , earning tbo river to oveiflow its ba .-iks ; some of them -wi . Tt » standing -with br . ikcu backs in the adjoining meadows aud uncultivated aids . I was also shown tbe great extent of ground which had been marked out for afreets . One spot Mr . Spencer ahowed me which he had purchased for the purpose of buiMing a house upon , for v » bich ha had paid 1 , 300 or 1 , 400 dollars , and which he would now gladly sell for 300 dollars . Such is tha tffect of speculation and papsr money .

      We b&w numbers of persons on their way to a camp meeting , which was to be holden some twelve milts distant from the city . We afterwards crossed some fields in which cattle were gvozine ;; they -were the roughest of any over which I ever remember a vehicle being driven . Ou a h « ight e ^ st ^ ard of the town , and near the barracks , which ^ e visited , the view was most charming . The morning being clear and flno , added greatly to the splendour of the scene . S ' rarjjc as it may appear , the city extends over a large plniu , covering a large apace , which ia frequently overflowed with water , and where the bouses which ars built of wood , are not unfnq tontly soen to fl > at , while a large extent of beautiful risine slopes upon the banks of the river are left wholly unoccupied .

      At Rochester , during th « speculation mania land W . is sold at a , hundrtd dollars which v . ould not now sell for more than twenty ; the same is the case here . At dinner , we had Mr . Kulsey , clerk to the Chesapeake aU'tuner , which trades regularly to Chicago . He had arriv . d from that place in the morning . He had arrived from that place in the morning ; . He gave me much useful information . In tho evening we were joined by Mr . Maolivy , ( Irish ) , wholesale gtocer , Mr . Smith , ( Scotch ) , painter ; Mr . Burdett , ( Yankee ) , teacher of music , and several others , who spent the evening with us . Mr . Kslsey bad brought some fine fruit and water melons , which Wo had for supper ; they were \ he first I had eaton ; and were brought by him from Cleveland , in Ohio .

      Mr . Kelsey informed me that a great number of their summtsr passengers were from the Southern St . ites who come to tho Lukes for pleasure ; the he . it buin ^ so excessive that they find it advantageous to health 1 o come here at this season . He was kind enough to ep-y that he would take my trunk to Chicago , a distance of 1047 miles , an I had to travel through the State of Michigan , which would render it Very inconvenient to take it along with me . This moroipg went on board the Sandueky steamer for Detroit ; the morning was very fine and all around wore a most pleasing aspect . Tbe Kent , a British steamer of inferior p ' zit and build , l < sft the port before n « and proceeded towards the Canadian shore . We were directly off Fort Erie . The governor of the State e ( New York waa on board the Kunt , on a visit to D . \ Bdtty , the father of the famous Young Robcius , who is now located on the verge of the Lake , in Canada , in the wilderness .

      Keepuag to the Itft , before we got to Dunkirk a distance of thirty milea , we lost si ^ ht of tbe Canadian store . Dunkirk is a small but handsome village , with two lighthouses and a landmark . It verges upon a small bay ; tbe shore flat and sandy , except wber . ; a little rock jutted out . Tho woods were partially cleared , and tao wooden ) hata were thinly spread , some few in small «! usters , occupied by Indipns or fishermen , or perhaps both . Toe landscape gently < 1 fchceu < lini ; to the water ' s edge , presented something like a splendid deer-park on mi txt * D « ive scale .

      Tuesday . 23 rd . —Brie , in Pennsylvania , is a coi ; aidprable village , bnt of Vi * y l'ttle importance , As at Dunkirk , tbe breakwater is in course of repair . Opposite thia place is a considerable island , into which we entered through a narrow passage ii > the breakwater , Which stretched into tbe said island , and having to return in a somewhat similar direction , it cuieed ub to be much ont of our course . We landed at another small place during the nJght , culled Comant , and at Astabula , near Cleveland , about lr . ilf-pa . st three ,

      where we bad to take in coal . I went into ihe town , part of which U built on the verge ol the river , part upon the back , aud part upon tho summit , where it is nt&Tly level , but considerably elevated . Upon the opposite bank ot the river stands Oino city , which is only a small p ' ace , but with some neat and sboivy buildings ; between this is the entrance to the Ohio and Erie canal , which forms a water commu ieution through tbe whole state of Ohio , and hich causes a considerable trade to be carried on here , and also gives it additional importance .

      We next landed at Grand River . Hsre I saw a petBon who bad sold a farm nt Huh place and purchased another some twelve miles from CHICAGO , Illinois . He informed mo that a new law was passed which enabled a tuan to keep in defiance of his creditors , ten acres of land , two horses ( or oxen ) a waggon , two cows , ttn sheep , five hogs , farming utensils , a bed for every two cf the family , twenty-five dollars in cash , with five mouth ' s provisions , and sufficient bedding and clothing . I next saw Mr . J . Brackaon , from North Adams , ¦ ' ho bad bften ¦ working ft printing muchine there at

      fourteen dollars a week . His engagement was for a year ; but some BntHshmen carao to tbe pl"ce and offered to do tbe work for half that sum . His employers therefore wished him to take ten dollars , Btat Ing that they could not reduce tbe others unless lie was reduced along with them . He told them they might do as they thought proper with the others , but he should take no less ; and ia ord r to come at their point they agreed to give him 100 dollars and his rent to leave . This 1 b one of the greatest curses of Emigration . This good man was previously prepared with 160 acres of land which he bad purchased in Michigan , and was on his way to take possession of and cultivate it

      Wednesday , 24 th . —There are many islandson tho south of tbis Lake of large extent , but little cleared ; there aro a few farms , but they are not in good condition . In the course ef the forenoon we passed Huron , a pretty Jittle place , with a pier and lighthouse 1 . Much wheat is bought here , principally by agents , for Canada ; much of it is exported to England as of Canadian growth . Wenext « rot to Sanduski City , with its six inhabited islands . On tbe deck of the vessel I here met Judge E Lane . He had the appearance of an English farmer , in person and dress . He bad just come to reside in thia small place , in the neighbourhood of which be has much property . He had been a lawyer in Connecticut , and bad married the Governor's daughter of that place , and afterwards attained bis present station . Jadgea in this country do not receive for salary baif us many dollars aa ours do pounds .

      Wheat was seventy-flve cents per bushel yesterday ; to-day it is seventy-three cents , and it is expected to be seventy cents to-morrow . This place contains about 2 , 000 inhabitants . There Is a rather corfous entrance by a narrow pass , uear TTbich stands a lighthouse to shew tbe way to Cedar Pond . We passed Marblehead lighthouse which stands upon a rook of that material on a large island . We next pass « d Cunningham Islands on our tight , and approached Padding Bay islands , which appeared covered with wood j but I learned tbat several good farms were upon them . I bad bere pointed ou > to me the island on which the Patriots defeated a strong British force much their superior in poin ef numbers and military equipment *

      We soon came in sight of tbe Canadian shore , and entered the river , or rapids of St . Clair . The shore is flat and sandy . The slopes are beautiful , and , with tbe woods , present a rich apptjirnuce . Oa the Ohio side we pissed a small port . About twelve miles further , on an island , about 504 yards from tbe Brltieb shore , stands a lighthouse , nearly opposite which is Fort Maldon . The island belongs to tbe British , and the Fort is occupied t > y a nfl-3 corps . The Barracks form three sides tf a square , witb two bie ^ two rks which are ont of repnir . Tbe village of MaldoN contains about 1 50 t inhabitants . L'rae- burning was carried on a little higher up . Hut far distant , thu river divides into two and somaiimea three streams ; there ate large marshes on each side of the river , and tbe islands in tbe middle tie almost valueless .

      All speak well of the Dutch settlers , in particular , and the Germans are much respected . The French are not industrious , and the British and Irish are dissipated . Such was my information . Where the river flows in one body , it seems to be about three quarters of a mile in width . ' Dbtroit bas a floe appearance from the river . It is tbe capital of the State of Michigan . The main street rum parallel with the river , and the rest of the streets run from tbe water ' s edge up a gently inolined plane . The main street is spacious , and well built , containing elegant and well-filled stores . The population numbers about 15 , 800 , and considerable business ia carried on . Many splendid steam-vessels lay ia the river , and a crowd of craft of ali h -. zss and descriptions . A number of the passengers had agreed to stay at the Steam-boat Hotel , from which a carriage and p ? -ir of beautiful greys awaited our landing , also a waggon to convej our luggage . There was the same from every respectable Hovel in the city .

      I had a letter of introduction to Co ' .. Dolgrano Jones . He lives at a handeome vilia jusr out of the city , to which I immediately hastened , but found he was not at home . I left my left r , witli tho n < : «• - ¦ of iiiy hctei , ¦ with Mrs . Jones , and riiu u- I : u ... « L * - : , a . id touiifi all my friends had gone to Kd . Tooy had retired

      Market Intelligence.

      MARKET INTELLIGENCE .

      Untitled Article

      CONSISTENCY . TO THE EDITOR OF THE NORTHERN STAR . SIR—I have Ventured to address you on a matter thai stems to have escaped your " violent" observation . Mr . O Uonnell , the traaueer of Ciiartists , whatever their aetd or name , is now a convert to tbat policy which he form , rly repudiated . Thu first time in his Ion ? and unholy career of agitation , he declares himself to be a man guided by honest principle ! in the advoeacy of hia opinions . He ia now pledged to rest satisfled with nothing less than tie wfw ' e ! This i * ChaRTISM ! Antxprtssion of opinion like to that for which he denounced ihe Radicals of England and of Scotland ! At a repeal meeting in K «> 11 be is reported to have addressed his countryman as follows : —

      "I have come ail the way from Dublin for the purpose of giving you a piece of news . Tbe repeal is cumin ^ ; the repeal is coming—J will not consent tj take any thing less than a repeal ! I never will take any thing from E ., glanci except repeal " . ' ! Sir , sach a declaration , at such a time , from such an agitator , carries on its front a moral , the which , I trust , you will not overlook in your comment , seeing the readers of Rirfica ! journals require such a stimulant as this example uffor Js . Yours , ka ., " Argus . " College of Tribunes , ! Hay 3 , 1843 .

      Untitled Article

      TO THE CHAKTIST PUBLIC . Brave , though bbanded Brethrfn . —The poverty and "WTeihed tea oi our order—the suffering , mentally and physical y , of so many goo" and true members of our Association , havw so impressed my mind with tha necessity of the above named society beiug established as part of our union to obtain the Charter , that I cannot remain giltnt thereon whilst I have an opportua ty of addressing you , until all are as fuily convinced &s myself of itB necessity und practicability . It is with nsnch pleasure I taka the . liberty of informing you that our zealous and laborious Editor , Air . HilJ , fully agrees in tbat necessity , and it 1 understand him right , intends to put forth a plan for yuur approval , containing all tbat he deems advisable of my views , wherewith I have furnished him .

      I am happy to perotive by the Star of April 29 , that Mr . Galpin has published bis adhesion to my proposition , an < i I doubt not when the plan itself is sent firth nu . st true reformers will give it their willing assent and assiB ' . M . c * , kati that the m . j . rixy uf tbe working cla&a wiil adopt it , and instruct their delegates to the next Convention , u > embody with tbe Dew plan of Organisation , a > ' iilional Benefit Society , tbe most efficient to their judgments , from tbe various plans that may there and then be presented . Brothers , —There is do doubt bat jour attention will

      be mnch absorbed in Use question of purchasing land and locating thereon , but I must comh . ue to direct your attention to the road thereto , the gxp whereof 1 spoke in a former letter . Bear in mird that that gap is edged with thorns and briars , tbat the road to the land is paved witb trials and troubles . Jit member , if we are democrats , it is for the whole people , and for tbe Very poor especially , that we must form our society , that all may avail themselves ot the benefits and all aid according to their means , in tfifecting their own emancipation from poverty , premature death , and the cause thereof , class-made-laws .

      And here I will give you an idea of how I propose to meet the various circumstances of my poorer-fellows , and still give satisfaction to all , viz ., by a graduated scale of subscriptions , from one penny per week up to s i xpence or higher , entitling the member in case of need to a weekly income , corresponding witb bis subscription , or employment at a fair remuneration for tbe society , which in time could be given , as under the head of appropriation of the fund * it is set forth that tbe funds shall be applied in the purchase of lands , building bouses , workshops , &c , and in sueh other operations as shall be determined on for tbe benefit of the society ; under this clsupe , msy

      come tbe whole plan of our proposed land and business operations upon which I purpose giving my opinion at a future time , being desirous of not overburdening your minds , that youiuay the better digest this the one great plan , which I submit to you will compass all tbe objects that have been presented ts necessary to our future movement . Let us ihen bring our whole souls to the work , with a thorough determination to do ail that in our power lays to rid our fatbf r-land from the [ slough of mieery in wbich class legislation has swamped j it , and raise it by our zsal , energy , and industry to that proud pinnacle of freedom and happiness to which it has never yet attained , aud to which it nev « r can attain without such a union of the sons of toiL Yours , in hope , Gracchus .

      Untitled Article

      THE NORTHERN STAR . 7

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), May 13, 1843, page 7, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1212/page/7/