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I Was Cottiers' J &s&sment.
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THE NORTHERN STAR. SATURDAY, AUGUST 12, 1843.
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TO THE PEOPLE.
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Co tteabevz auo aForregpoittrentg*
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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I Was Cottiers' J &S&Sment.
I Cottiers' J &s&sment .
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Fbajtstkixgaie Moob . —Mr . Beesley lectured to ihe pitmen of this colliery , on Saturday Is 3 t , and ably demoastrated that four men , with the aid of seJestifio power , could now perform as much work , produce as mncib . "wealth , as 16 , 000 men could do only one century ago , Wiscatb-Gbakge CoiiiERTwr—The workmen of Wingate-Grange colliery , must again tronble yon ¦ with an accooiS © f sums received from ourfeBowsbwestfor bur support , a » d also with- a statement of fee present dispute . Oar . employer has * pnolaUed another placard respecting the agreements -which he iranied the wmrimen * a « ome to . A careful exainmaiion : nt thoseAgreements has shewn as . thai they ^ srere nearly all in his favour . In Ms placard we find that lie makes mention of two pits at this colliery . 55 ns is trae . In the Lord Pit- ihere is only one rope , "which jb a hempen dub . ' fms , be Bays , icnsed for the repairs of the shaft only . That statement is falsa . There lias been & number of
coal hewers in the Lord Pit until a few weeks back , and likewise a number of . smkers ^ ibis rope -was xtseixo dra-w both coals , "water , and stones ; and not for the ^ repair of the shaft only . There were two wire TopasiipoB ihe other pitfora while , <> ne of them sustained a severe strain by negligence , which eaused some of the wires to break . That rope was taken off and the « ther left on the pit . The rope ; wblch-was left-was taken © fi" about last Christmas , in consequence of &-&plh iof -&e strands , about fifty fathoms long . It was taken away and sewed , and b / onghi back again to bensed at the colliery ; and that rope is the subject of dispute . In it there are ax wires broken out of ninety-ax , the number of wires eonstitnnng * be rope ; tho remaining wires
according to the employers own account being greatly strained , fie has admitted that had we sot seen the broken place in the oiherrope , he wonldhaTe concealed it , by bandages of " wire , and wane coal tar . "We bare ofBerea to submit to hare the Tope tested with sixteen tons upon the pulley over the pit , and witb = § wenty ions at the testing machine . Their own proposal was & test of twenty Jons . This offer they bare refused . One of the owners of the colliery baling proposed to ns to Belect an engineer % o examine ihe ^ "ope , offering to pay xis our wages if he oondeisnedlt . We bare made such selection , and the examination bas taken place to-day . We bad a list of nine engineers presented to us by the owner , to select one ont of ; -with an intimation that if we
chose any other , weiad onlj to gixe notice Traen he "was coming . We did sot choose out of the list ; bus fixed upon Mr . Chicken , of Monlrwearmouth ! Fhe following is bis decisfDns— "August 7 tb , 1843 . This is to certify that the undersigned ias examined de-wirejope at the "Wingate Grange Colliery , 1 think it is not sufficient to draw coal -work . It is well seen that the rope is damaged , and not fit to irnst fiTes Tipon " it . ( Signed ) Thomas Chicksb , engineer ; " Account of sums received since our last « ommnnieaJion : —Collieries , Haswell J 6 18 * . lOd ,, Shotton £ 210 s ^ Croxhoe £ 312 s .. Eainton ^ £ 3 16 n . 2 d ., 3 Xewhot 8 < e £ l 24 a , I > omlej £ i 7 s ., West Auckland IDs . 5 a ., South Wingate £ 1 12 s . " 6 d n Belmount * 17 s ^ New Durham iSlfe ^ PiKington £ 2 Is . 6 d ., 2 s orthBetton £ 2 4 s . 6 d ^ Leszisgtborne £ 1 8 s . 6 dn Edon 153 . 8 d ., Shildon Bank 18 s . 81 , Evenwood 14 s . 3 flL , Conndon 12 s . ld _ , Sheronra Hill £± 5 = l € & , Hs 2 al £ ia 3 . 11 d- Shmdiff £ 1-1 & _ Hetton £ 1 fl * .
Ekmore ^ £ 2 13 a . 6 i , Pembertons £ 4 25 ., Spittal Tongues £% Seaton Burn 10 s . l | d ^ Walls ^ nd £ ? 2 , TyneJIain ^ l los . 6 ± , North Elswiek £ l 12 s . 6 d , Sheriff Bill £ 2 5 i , a fciend £ U Onston £ 2 7 s . Hebhroh ££ 2 * . oVL , P ^ ltoniFell £ L , " Walker £ 213 s , Eeaton £ 3 T 2 a . 73 . South Pelaw 63 . 6 d ., Wvlam 4 s ., 4 d ^ Xeiton £ 3 , Bavengworfla £ 1 10 & , " Martin Jnde 5 s ., Heworth sEl 83 ^ two friends Is . 6 d , Beamis 19 i « Edomsley £ L , Sacristoc £ 2 10 s ., a friend £ L , Trimdon £ 15 4 s . ISd ^ Castle Eden £ 7 , 3 ! honiley £ 4 rl 0 s . 4 d ^ Cassop £ 5 5 & , Kellbe £ 3 9 s . 2 | d ^ Quarrmgton Bill £ 2 Is . Si , fieugb Ball £ 2 0 s . 9 d ., West Betton ^ 3 Is ., Pramwellgaie Moor £ 1 18 s . 6 d . Santh Helton £ A S 3 . 9 d , - Darton 12 s ., Wingate Friends £ 1 36 i Id ., Norwwood £ 110 s . 6 d ^ Darnirook M 93 . 6 ± , Benwell £ 1 , Gosforth £ 2 16 s . 3 < L , Seg Hill £ 3 liB .. Eaisdon Ifewici £ 5 15 s . 6 d ^ Bsd-3 inptoBlfetnet £ 11 7 s . 4 d . The sam of 123 . came to Wingais without an . account irom the Delegate Meeting .
SOISEE IN HCSfGHB OF THE RET , WM . HILL , AT LEITBL There "was * Soiree giren in fte Trades' Hall , 'Leith , on . Raday August -4 tb , inlionour of the Her . WiTJiain ^ ffill i Tortheipnrpose of welcoming him on fins iisSst Tjsit to Scotland . Tbe meeting which wasTrerj ^ iiuBerBus , fleeted Alexander Lnndin to tbe chair . -After tbe good things of this life bad been pret ? y well discussed , The Chatrmatt rose , and in a few brief remarks , intro 4 need ih © - £ r ^ -seirfiinent—" The people ; may fliey soon become enligblened , and united to demand a Ml measure of jnstiee , ibrotigh tbe People ' s Charter . " - ~ - This was spoken , to in excellent style , by Darid Diekson ^ who i ^ ave iBinisters , both spiritual and temporal , * well-merited castigation for their neg-1 i ctoS the edseation t £ » be people .
Tbe CBXEBMXlf then , gare the sentiment of the evening , * 3 ha Her , WUfiani Hill : may be bs long spared-to conduct ibe Organ t > f tbe-Cisrtist moTemeHt , and « tni -cofflmne to giTe bis adyjeeand council as be baa hitherto done for tbe welfare of society . ? „ AfJeribis ^ Mr . James Ferguson read an address fromths-meinbers of the Leitt Gianer Assodation , tO t ^ ft T ^ w- j RtmtWntn - Mr . Hni , having ree ^ iTed ibeaddreses , came forward amid great applaose , and thanked tbe meeting for their kindnes and warm recepfion . He stated that in whateTer crrcomBtances , be wocld always bear in mind the 3 « op ] e and advocate ibeir cause . Tbe annonncemenS that be stood before them not as Editor of ihe Northern 52 or , bu £ amply as William
Hill , seemed to strike the meeting with astonish ment . Mr . ! Hill Trent on to shew the reasons of tbe dissolution of bis connection-with tbe Northern 5 tor , wbicb . ie ^ aid was . entirely owing to a difference of opinion between iimself and the Proprietor ; and as be { Mr . HUT ) eonld consent to be no man ' s slaTe ^ or liold bis tongue -when an inflexible difference of © pinion existed without either being a knave or afool ; ibe disconnection took pl&ce . He was exceedingly desirous that Ms removal migbs be , as be iwBeyed it wasintended it should be . for the benefit of the people ; and he boped that tbey would sot withdraw any support from tbe Star , but continue and increase it to the utmost of their power . Mr O'Connor lawl oven Mm ihe opjportnnity of
comuraningwitb the people through tbe columns of the Star . He would take advantage of that -ofier , as be knew that the giant monster of corruption was not to be beaten down by faction but by union . Mr . "H ^ H then skerered Ibe necessity of Organization ; and said bis object and sim was to bave the people Organized so as to know each other's minds and avoid the cateBtrophe of setfctng up men at tbe bead of the jnDvement , Twbo although ibey may have tbe honesty haTe 310 I the ability to conduct a national movement . He concluded by stating inat the people shoald s ; ill have his adviee and council , and he trusted that bis
removal frrom the editing of tire Star would become tbe cause of union . Mr . Hill then Bat down amidEt great applause . The CHAiBlua , in a few remarks , then introduced ihe next sentiment . —** Frost , Williams , Jones , Ellis , and all the incarcerated TictimH of clas-m&de law 5 may they soon be returned to the bosoms of their famines and friends . 31 * This was responded to in a Tery feeling manner by John Tankard . The CHAiEMUf then gave oat tbe next sentiment } —** Mn JFe&rguB O'Connor ; may be live to see the adoption of the principles he has so long and ably advocated . 31 This was responded to by that old veteran , Daniel ierr ; in an able and effective
znanner ; The uext sentimentwaB— "Mr . T ^ . Dnncombe and ibe liberal Members of the House of Commons ; may he , and tbfcy , « oofcmfl ; to fight the enemies of tbe people in tbe strong bold of corruption ; and may their limbers be speediry increased ; " to which ^ jxaVSImpsonjflf Ednibnr ^ i , responded in ameat xd& eSet ^ Te speech , ttiho done of which be expiessediuspleasure « s fliehannoiiy and good feelfl £ - ^ &T ^ ° t - ? endiaKit 8 influence between v ^^^ ^ M ^ «>* Edmbnrgh ; and his ^ l ^^ L ^^** ^ ' ^ be meetang , wtoch ^ ad been enlivened during tb * VEnin « SS ^ 8 KS ^! SSaSSW ! yl
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waving of bats . An address conjfrihilaUng him on his Tisit to Scotland , and expressing approbation of his public character , was . then presented by Mr M'Leod . Mr . Bail then roBe , and after some introductory remarks , he announced the fact that , Mb connexion- with-the Star was Jtow dissolved , fie read over the correspondence betweenf himself and Ht . O'Connor , wbioh explamed the reason for Ma being-deprived of his functions as Editor . He had no fanlt to Jnd -mfli Mr . O ' Connor in acting as he had dune . He begged to assure them there was so pique or difference of any kind between him and Mr . O'Connor ; save what be bad now- stated Mid hoped no one who considered himself his friend would withdraw any support from the Star he had formerly given it :
and that tho 3 e who had -withdrawn their support on his acoount would now / return . He said in reply to the address that he eonld takejno credit to himself for talent . Honesty of purpose and intention were his polar star . His devotednes 3 to principle made him always discharge his publio duties without faTonr or affection to any one , regardless whose toes he trampled npon . He then descanted upon the prospects of the cause at present ; -gave a lncid , and snecinct acconnt of ii 8 -viewsJoa the projected Conference , and intended Organization j and after tonohing some other points of interest , he turned to the question of the Land as the only means of salvation for the working classes . He pointed ont tbe impediments that lay in the way of the people
getting at tbe Land , and tbe " necessity for political power to get the command of it . He " concluded a long , and admirable address , replete with Bound reasoning and political wisdom , rapturously applauded The next sentiment proposed was , " May the oppositions of the factions stimulate the people to increased exertionB in the advocacy of tbe great principle of democracy . " Mr . Peddie responded . He made an able and effective speech , tracing and exposing the evil results of the present system , and using , in strong language , the necessity for increased exertion . The Jbnrth sentiment was ^ "Feargus O'Connor , Esq ., may bis indefatigable exertions
in the cause of liberty be crowned with ultimate success . " It was responded to by Mr . Allan . He extolled Mr . O'Connor for his disinterested labours in the people ' s service , and said he had carred out for himself a monument more valuable than brass or marble , in the affections of the people The next . sentiment was " the imprisoned and exiled Chartists . " Mr . Tankard responded . "The Star and Democratic press , " was giveniand spoken to by Mr . Peddie , The list of sentiments being sow exhausted , Mr . M'Leocl came forward and proposed a resolution , "That tbe meeting has beard with extreme surprise and regret that Mr . Hill has ceased to conduct tbe S ! ar . 3 ' Mr . Lsnnle seconded
the resolution , which was put from the ; chair , and carried unanimously . A vote of thanks was moved to ihe Chairman for his excellent conduct in the chair , when they ultimately dispersed .
The Northern Star. Saturday, August 12, 1843.
THE NORTHERN STAR . SATURDAY , AUGUST 12 , 1843 .
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OUR POSITION . WHERE ARE WE ? WHERE SHALL WE Bkl So general is the desire of the working classes to return to an agricultural life , that wherever we go , or to whatever publication we turn , we find that the one great nostrum for tbe one great complaint is the Land ; and that not only the system-made surplus population of operatives , but the syBtem-made surplus population of speculators in their labour , are
now turning their closest attention to the subject . Tbe delusive and hypocritical sayings and doings of ilt ' ^ gue have lost their magic . Their parables have &cen answered by practical illustrations of the failure of their principles ; the modicum of " free trade" granted by Sir Robert Peel having tested the truth of their assertions , and having stripped their hobgoblin of that fanciful garb in which the wildness ef despair aad the fervour of imagination bad dressed it .
All tbe anticipations of moving myriads of star ?" ing paupers ; the theatrical exhibitions ; the midnight bowlings ; the feastings ; the conferences ; and the daily assemblages of the pinch-bellies have passed swsj ; and are more than compensated for by the election of the Londonderry nominee , Mr . Bbioet , for the City of Durham . " One swallow , however , does net make a summer : " and we doubt that the
Member for Darbam will add much potenoy to the legislative character of the League . However the House of Commons may affect to disregard popular opinion , we hare little doubt that the { supposition that , the League did posse 33 popular confidence had a marvellous effect upon the votes of many of the new adherents to the principle , that English workmen Ebould rely upon the foreign grower for his breakfast , bis dinner , and bis sapper !
Tbe exhibition ^ Cobden and Co . the agricultural districts , where declining shopkeepers by some marvellous process were converted iiito Kepeal farmers , must hare excited tbe laughter of those whose places were usurped , and whose adherence to the principles of Free Trade has been { thus manifested by assumed proxy . This angry swelling is now xednced bj tbe good sense of tbe working -classes , and tbe disease will doubtless break out in some other form : indeed , we find fresh symptoms already manifesting themselves in the town of Birmingham i and tbe first step taken by tbe new batch
of quacks is in strict accordance with th « practice of their several predecessors . The Mmraas and tbe Attwoods commence as usual by telling the people of their sad and deplorable condition , in tbe hope iha& by an hypocritical expression of sympathy for the sufferers they may bo enabled to convert them into tools for the correction of middle-class grievanses . The people of Birmingham however , and especially tbe Irish portion , will bear in mind Attwood ' s reply to Lovbtt upon tbe eve of the presentation of tbe National Petition . ' It was as
follows : — " That he never would support Equal Representation , as it would place Ireland upon an equality with JSngland , thereby destroying that ascendancy which for a thousand years ! the latter country had possessed over the former " . Neither will they forget that ihe labour of nine months concemraired in that Petition , at the expense of £ 9 , 000 , was lost , in conseqnence of Mr . Aitwood ' s making the National Petition , not the basid of a demand for the Charter , but a mere pretext for urging a xetnra to One Pound Notes , as a means of destroying the demand for the People's Charter .
That snch men as Attwooo , Mvstz , Cobden , and Bbight look far beyond those limits to which their adherents would go , no one can doubt . Men in their situation of life , however they may profess , —the one party to seek the redress of grievances by a return to One-Pound Notes ; and however the other party may buoy op hope from an " Extension of Trade / ' yet will the leaders look for something more substantial for themselves than would be conferred upon the general body by the accomplishment of their object , Cobdkn has now gone so far , and has succeeded in writing * o large an amount of the confidence of his own party
in his favour , that the question of Free Trade constitutes bnt a very small portion indeed of his expectations . Cobdkn is wise enough to see thai the length that Sir Bo beet Peel has gone in forwarding tbe principles of Free Trade ib very likely to lose him that support npon which , and which alone , he holds his present high office ; while he has doubtless discovered that the substitution of pure Whiggery for unmitigated Toryism wonldberery unpalatable lo tbe public at large . Weighing those circumstances well , Cobdeh would T « ry naturally and very fairly expect to find his reward npon the next break
up , in something that wonld distinguish rhim 83 the leader ef a large portion of the wealthy classes of this country ; and wife him Tree Trade ) would become a secondary consideration , and his value to his party would be in proportion to Jus ability and willingness to resist the democratic principle , the want of which would enable the few lucky masters of which he wonld be the representatiVe to hold their position , * nd in the concession of whichthose masters would see the loss of that domikon which tbemai-apjwopriatio n of capital has hitherto ensured lo them . - i
Upon the xext dissolution of Parliament however , the non-elective influence of the country , marshalled as we have no doubt a wHlie ; under aSoronghiy TmeOrganiaation . will ^ resentanamountof oonoeii grated public wisdom which will at once establish its ngbt to representation , and convince its opponents of She folly ofany attempt longer ^ withhold It . Th © resolution oome to by the Trades of Shef-
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field , which ire delighted to notice in last week ' s Start togethor . withthe wise resolve of the oppressed colliers noj | to be used as tools by faction , inoreasss our hope ^ Wihe strength which through union the people will iere long aohieye . It would appear that our errors ^ -and we are always willing to take our share in any } charge of incompleteness , —have become profitable to the colliers ; and that the rock upon which we split in 1839 serves as a landmark to their body , Re minding them of oar disaster . We were pushed , unfairly poshed , unnaturally and ungenerously puahedj by the middle class representatives who found their way into the firet Convention , into a position from whioh there was no retreat , save through starvation or revolution .
The promoters of the Saored Holiday had their emissaries abroad , misrepresenting the publio feeling , and urgiflg on the people beyond their strength ; until at length a premature strike proved the temporary ruin of our cause . It would appear from all the communications coming from the same parties now , that the ! ultimate hope of the * ' coal kings" is based upon the anticipation , not of a general , but a partial strike ; while \ ro rejoice to find that the sagacious leaders of the colliers have resolved upon working for the very lowest pittance , aye , at the mere existence point , until all the machinery , their own machinert / r-bj which their body should be governed panding a general strike , should circumstances render such a step necessary , —has been
perfected , Onr advice to tho colliers from the commencement has been to be cautious , to be prudent , to be wise and uriconfiding , save in . their own order . That this advice has been generally acted upon we are happy to discover in their resolution to employ lecturers from their own trade ; to make their subscriptions generally , in « tead of locally useful ; while at the same time they concede the right of local treasurership , and allow the expenditure of a portion of the local subscriptions for local purposes . We further find that they have appointed the proper legal machinery for defending themselves agaioat those oppressions whioh , for want of legal resistance , the masters may impose upon them under the semblance of law . We feel convinced that a more
judicious course could not have been adopted , and that the next step will be , the holding of a short convention , the proceedings to be conducted with open doors , and the object to be , the agreeing upon suoh rnles and ' regulations in the government of the body as will iniBure them against surprise , defend them against the machinatioas of their enemies , and above all guard them against any , the slightest , recurrence to ; violence . Should such course be adopted , nonobut actual working colliers should be elected as delegates ; and to avoid expense , tbe representation , if the general principle is agreed npon , need not be large .
We have ever counselled tbe Chartist body against a recurrence to violence , and tve shall here state why we are at the present moment , if possible , more opposed to it than oven we were before . Our general reasons for opposing violence are based upon the knowledge that every physical outbreak in a country where the dominant party is in possession of all the munitions of war and the power of Government , has invariably been followed by increased despotism . An entitle or sudden outbreak , an attack upon monarchy , or a strong manifestation of Republican principles , have been god-sends to the
weakest governments of England . They justify coercion , and constitute rallying points for all , who though dissatisfied whh their own position , yet prefer it comparatively to that to which they foolishly imagine the ascendancy of democracy would send them . The various dissatisfied classes can only be mustered now under the general cry of " the Chartists are coming "» Let but any act of the people arouse Bucb a suspicion , and all the angry sectional feeling wili not only be lulled , as by magic , into quiesenoe , but would be united in holy brotherhood of Chartiet
opposition . Ireland would once more sip the delusive blessings of peace . Repeal would be abandoned as a test of that Irish loyalty with which we are told that nation abounds ; and our folly would have furnished an escape to the Minister—to the affrighted Landlord—to the querrellous Leaguers—to the complaining Churchmen—to the infuriated Rebeccaiteto tbe Pining Shopkeeper—and to tbe Aristocratic portion of the Trades 1 while the " physical" torch lit at the blaze of democracy would serve to light Chartism to tbe tomb !!
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THE LAWYER SOLDIER , AND THE SOLDIER LAWYER . The debate ! npon the presentation of a petition from 5 , 000 disappointed and angry Loyal Protestants of the North of Ireland , by the renowned leader of tbe defunct party , Lord Roden , furnishes a happy illustration of tbe lengths to which statesmen may be led nnder wounded feelings . There we fiad the Marshal-Dukerand the ex-Chancellor changing professions , if not . sides i the Duke , anticipating how the cunning lawyer , in " his Btudy / may be able
to put a diametrically different construction upon an Act of Parliament to that intended , not only by both Houses of Parliament , but to that which its framers , the Cabinet , after frequent consultations , intended it should bear J wbije tbe ex-Chancellor , Brougham , vouohes . as he has often done before , for tbe " physical" resistance of his pet King , Louis Philippe , and all the valuable portion of bis French Majesty ' s Cabinet , to " uphold tho integrity of the British empire . "
We have frequently been puzzled in our endeavours to discover the beauty and conBecutivenesB of those peculiar and characteristic speeches foT which the Noble Duke of Wellington has been famed . It has been said respecting them that " every word is a teller ; and every sentence an apothegm . *' Lacking genius to comprehend the meaning of the following passage , we give it as we find it . His Grace says ;—"Precessions < for tbe purpose of celebrating or commemorating any festival or anniversary , or political « vent relating to or connected with any religious or other distinction or difference between any «\ asse 8 of
her Majesty's subjects ;* that is the nature of the processions which are prohibited under this act ; and it is a question of law , npon which I do sot mean to give aoy opinion ; because my opinion would be worth nothing . Bat it is a question of law , which must have been considered ! by those whose dnty it is to put the law into execution , whether those other processions to which my Noble Friend has alluded , accompanitd by the carrying of } banners , and marching with music , or whatever else' may be tbe evidence of their criminal intentions , fall lander tbe provisions of the Act ; and that ia a question which no speech in the House can decide—( hear , hear , bear ) , —and on which 00 petition
laid on tbe table of this House can have tbe least influence—( hear ) , j These are questions which must be doelded by men in their studies , in the first instance , and which cannot be decided by the occurrence of particular circamBtances , nor by the deliver ; of any speeches in this House . Tbe truth is , that both in this and the other House of Parliament these very questions were [ fully submitted to Parliament al the time this act was passed ; bat it was declared that it was intended to apply a remedy to the dim *
culties Trtrich at that moment existed , and that the legislature had not in view any other processions — nay , propositions were made , both in this and tha other House of ; Parliament , to extend the provisions of the act , but- Parliament refused to do so Therefore , I beg myinoble friend to recollect that blame ought not to be cast on the Government for not having applied the provisions of this act to those other processions to which be has alluded , because if he will examine that act , he will find that tboBe protMorb toe not applicable to them . "
We know not what the admirers of his Grace may gather from the above ; but we can deduce from his words no other meaning than this : — " The law , as it at present stands , is notrappBoableto the processions complained of . The Act was framed for a specific purpose , other than that sought by my Noble Friend . The question of extension , was discussed by both Honsesi and was rejected . The Ministers of ihe day endeavoured to extend the provisions in the first instance ; but subsequently abandoned that extension , and ultimately confined the operation of the Act to the suppression of processions , under which denomination those complained of by my Noble Friend do aotin anywise come . " Bur , " —mind tho" BUT , " —** if gentlemen in their studies can give any other in-
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terpretation to tbe Apt than that intended by its framera , both Houses of Parliament , and the Ministers whose special workmanship it was , why , well and good . " Wo [ ask if meaning can be plainer ; or if other conclusion can be arrived at , than that | he forbearance of the strong Government is . based ! upon a reliance of the law ' s perversion , rather than a love of clemency f Irresistible laughter is caused by the compliments heaped upon the " handcuffed . Orangemen" by their leaders , Roden and the Duke . Brougham too , laid it onj to nausea . Tho ; " forbearance" of the Orangemen reminds one much of tno tranquillity
of the' fettered murderer , whose plaintive tone for mercy ) so ill comports with his savage power , when exercised upon his defenceless victim . " They deserve all praise for their exemplary forbearance" 1 ! 1 Whenl f , andjSFOB what ? when their bloody deeds of olden times had raited up a host of defenders , whose- union placed fetters upon their hands , and rendered them so weak / and contemptible as to be compelled to seek protection against that power whioh their bloody deeds had been mainly
instrumental in creating i Who in Ireland , but will ^ uRh iat the forbearance" of the Bjoden ' s , the Mageb ' s , and the whole hungry tribe who have so long shouted their appeals to " buckle on the sword " and " keep their powder dry" ! If Mr . O'CONNKLL deserves credit for any one act more than another , it is for having raised up a sufficient amount , of Irish moral power to render pointless the Orange bayonet From tho latitude extended by the Noble Duke to the wily " gentlemen in their studies" we look for the most disastrous results , as soon as the " Arms' Bill , " with none of thoBe limitted powers
contained in the Suppression of Party Processions BUI /'' shall be handed oter to the Irish Executive , as their " Warrant of Attorney" to search ^ to insult , to transport , and to shoot ! The proposed meeting of the Orangemen on the 7 th of September , with the Arms' Bill as their authority , and Parliament prorogued , and the King of Hanover at hand , fills us' with evil forebodings . Authority will make a struggle ; and authority being transferred from Parliament to the weeded Orange Magistracy of Ireland , will bo exercised in defiance of all law * and will be exercised to " meet tho emergency , " that " emergency" being to exterminate the Irish people . ¦ ¦
So much for the Duke ; and now a word for the ox-Chancellor . The Noble Lord , Brougham , attaches commercial importance to the present agitation ; and fears that suoh demonstrations as those now daily exhibited in Ireland , will ; have the effect of intimidating the English Capitalist from entering upon speculation in Ireland . What change has come o'er the dream of the'Noble Lord , since those times when " public meetings were the inalienable right of every British subject ; " and when the result was to be "the rolling of Kings's heads in the gutter , for little boys to play foot-ball with" ! We would ask Lord Brougham , has Ireland never been tranquil under English rule ? And whether has the poverty of the Irish people
occasioned by that rule , or the timidity of tho English speculator , for whose enterprise the rest of the world j is too narrow , been the cause of the nonspeculation of the English , capitalist ? The Noble Lord spoke truly , when animadverting upon the effects : of " insult . " But why should he so far prostitute himself to the service of his old and bitter enemies , tbe Tories , as to make the personal insults that he has received from Mr . O'Connbll a justificationfor his attack upon those privileges which he formerly upheld as tho dearest right of every British subject ? Will not every man who has read his spleen see in it the wasp ' s sting , rather than the Statesman ' s caution %
We rely , however , upon the wisdom of the Irish people as a means of resistance to the construction that the ^ gentlemen in their studies" may put upon the Apt of Parliament ; while we rely upon their glorious demonstrations as a means of intimidation ; whichjwill make the " forbearing" aud " exemplary " Orange faction pause before they " buckle on the swordj" or try their " dry powder . " A notion of thefpresent strength of the Repeal party may be best gathered { rom Mr . O'Connell ' s just denunciation of Lord John Russell , whiJe at the same time we can claim from his own words our own bes-t
defence I for that course for which he has so often reviled us . He now says " he would rather have TWENTY Tories than one Loud Johni Russell . For resisting Lord John ' s tyranny and finality we were all called * Tory Chartists ;" and for triumphing over the miserable faction we were called " the bitterest enemies of Ireland . " We rejoice to find that Mr . O'Co knell has lived to learn ! and in his declaration we reoeivo ample apology fo » " hia frequent attacks upon us for opposing the Russell policy , the evil effects of which he has at length felt and denounced ; not substantially , as vre did ; but by contrast . He prefers twenty
Tories !! Strange alteration from the times , when we were invited to wage deadly war under the Russell standard , for no greater triumph than that Of " KEEPING THE TORIES OUT . "
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Trade , " he is actually taking advantage of ihe present distress to make a fortune out of the poor man's helplessness I ! He is now getting a woollen fabric made in Paisley at 83 . per piece ; and with very little additional labour he is selling the same pieces at 283 . and 303 . each ; making at least 16 a . PROFIT UPON THK LABOUR AND RAW MATERIAL 07 ONE SINGLE PIECE ; WHILE AT THE SAME TIME HE HAS REDUCED THE WAGES OF HIS '" HANDS *' FIVEPEICCK IN EVERY SEVENTEENPENCK THEY EARNED I ! ! He haauow got his" pilot engine , " Buckley , out , ) to see how much farther the can venture ; or whether the experiment may lead to the more fascinating result of compelling "her Majesty" to call Cobden and Co . to her councils , to satisfy the popular requirements 11
Opposed as we are to violence of any sort or kind , we yet fearlessly say let us have Revolution in any shape or form , rather than submit to the perpetual torture to which such bloody rule would subject us ft We have invariably stood forward as the friend of labour ; and we think we best serve the labourers ' cause , by admonishing them against the foll y of mixing up any other question with their present " struggle . " We highly approve of the course taken by the Chairman of the Ashton meeting , in inviting the police to the platform : and , as a further protection , we would strongly urge the propriety of each speaker coming to every meeting that he may intend to addresslv / ith his sentiments bsibfly
written down ; and , when read , let the speaker write his name upon each page , and hand it ' the Chairman to be ikept , and produced if neces ? sary ; so that his own words , and not those of others may appear in judgment against him . We are seldom jfalse prophets ; and it will be remembered that we foretold that the capitalists would make another attempt to effect what they call / Let the
" tampering the Government . " operatives beware lest by their co-operation they may " hamper" themselves , instead of the Government \ Trust to none but wise heads ; and do your own work for your own selves , is tbe best advice 4 that we can give those who have been once more thrown into disorder , just at the moment when the poor slaves had a right to expect their share from a " revival of trade" ! f
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My dear Friends , —The contents of this letter will in all probability surprise some of you . I am no longer Editor oti the Northern Star . I have thought it my dafcy , repeatedly , as I raw occasion , to caution you not again to trust your cause and destinies into the hands of parties by whom they have Been before perilled ^ and all but destroyed . 1 have given you veasoua for my cautions , as I have gone along ; enough to enable you to form your j own opinions ; though not all which tended to the forming and confirming of my opinions . I have told you that certain parties v ? ho have heretofore figured prominently in the movement , and by whom the National Charter
Association was destroyed , were not men to be again triuted ; that their public acts in connection with that body proved them to be men morally and politically dishonest and unprincipled ; and ( has their public acts , since then , have afforded corroborative and confirmatory evidence of the same thing . 1 have told you that ; even if this might not bs so even giving them credit for the firmest principle and strictest honesty , their judgment has beet sufficiently proved to be unfil for leadership , and calculated only to create failure , and retard the progress of our cause . These were my opinions . £ held them honestly ; and I expressed them honestly . I gave
you reasons whereon I founded them : 1 might in due time have given you more reasons hnd the opportunity been still permitted to me . You may , perhaps , some of you , have come to conclusions different from those jto which I came ; with that I have no concern : I should havo been a traitor to you , had I withheld my counsel . I did not withiiold it . I warned you faithfully and then left you to act on your own judgement . 1 consider you at all times entitled to my opinions upon all matters with which the public cause is or may be identified ; and while I live and retain your confidence , and can find a medium of communication , yoii shall havo them .
You know that Mr . O'Connor has oxpressed opinions different ftjom mine in reference to these parties . He thought them so indispen&ible to the movement that he has deemed it necessary to take tho controul of the fitar out of my hands that their influence with you ! might not suffer . I make no complaint of this . The Star is Mr . O'Connor ' s own property ; and he has a right to say that it shall not be used either for the effecting of purposes whioh he does not approve , or for the frustration of those which he desires to see accomplished .
Observe , then , that I state thia to you , not with the purposo of renewing crimination or of exciting you to angry feelings ; but simply that you may know the real fact Iof the cause of my removal from the Star ; and ; the full extent to which , as he has himself told y | ou , the difference between ine and Mr . O'Connor has goue . No doubt there are those who will be glad to make a mountain ojf this molehill , if you choose to let them . I hope j <^ u wfH uot . Mr . O'Connor has a right to his opinions ; and he has a right to remove me from the [ Editorship of his paper , when my expressed opinions run counter to bus , on a matter whioh be may think essential to tho success of our movement . Bet no one ttherefore , even of my warmest friends
, think that he does me service , or manifests good feeling for me , by withdrawing from tho Star one particle of his support because of this change : the more [ esnecially as I shall still communicate with you through its columns . Mr . O'Connor , though hje exercises hia right in taking from me the coutroul of those coIuujus , has promised still to open them to me , as a medium of access to you . You will still ! , therefore , continue to receive through the Star those weekly QGuneela , doctrines , aud opinions to which many thousands among you do me tho honou ^ to attach some value aad importance . Those counsels and opinions will now come to you in their own proper charaoter . Iney will appear as the opituoaa of one man ; carrying with them just as much weight of iQ&aeace the
as reasonings upon which they are founded , and the credit you may } choose to give to my judgment and experience entitle them , and no more / Aud this you will do me the justice to remember is all that I have ever claimed [ for them . Dressed up in so mach authority , they will still meet you in the Star ; while , if you meet also , in its leading or other columns , counsels differing from mine , you have read the Star too long n ] ot to be now able to use your own judgment on the merits of the reasonings on which the respective counsels may be founded , and to square your conduct , if by either , by that counsel which commends itself best to your cool judgment by its truthful argument . This is all the preference I ask from you for any man . It is a preference £ 0 which all are alike ! entitled ; and he who requires more is no patriot . I
You are not bound to approve my opinions ; much less to act upon them ; but , while I nave your confidence in general matters , it is my duty to express my opinions to you , oa all things where'ia your interests are oonoerne ^ . In so expressing them , and in ' giving you my reasons for . them , I have done my duty , asd am gniJtlessof whatever .. consequences m&y arise from their rejscjtion . You are not children to need the same vhmg always dinning in your earsL
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Once , therefore , and for all , let me "deliver my soul" upon the matter which has caused my ejection from the Editorial stool . I tell you , then , once for all , that any cansa committed to the management of men such as I believe these to be , jnusffail—wiwrf come to destruction—must entail misery and suffering on all connected with it ; I tell y ou that it is to suoh leadership we owe all tho disasters to the Chartist cause from the late strike , and the present depressed state , of our movement j I tell you that like conseKjaen « - « vill always follow in . the waka of such leadership ^ and I warn you that , if you love yourselves , your country and your cause , —jf you lore the democratic principle , and wish to see that principle established , you must get rid , not only of _
such leadership but of all leadership ; you must learn , to think and determine for yourselves , aud make public men ' execute—not guide—the public will . I tell you that the history of all nations proves that whenever and whenever and as far as over the people have trusted implicitly to leaders ; they have been betrayed j and . that it will always be so . Having said this , I have no more to say . I have done my duty . You will now act as you please . I can not warn you more effectually . I shall never again revert to this matter , unless compelled to it by , other parties . You
may now , if you please , make leaders of them tomorrow ; run af ^ er them , to-morrow j and suffer them to swamp your causa to-morrow ; I hard acquitted myself of blame . Others may laud these parties aa very paragons of puritjr ana patriotism , and you may believe them if you like and wait to fiad out your mistake ; the fault will not be mine . Some of you may , even now be angry with me for speaking thus plainly , ' I care uofc . I live only / o serve you and your pause ; and I value your good opinion and applause no further than as I can make it serviceable to this end : beyond that it is of no more worth to mo than bo much idle wind .
This is a most uupleasing subject for me to write upon : if it may be ? profitable to you I am satisfied . In any case , I have done with it . We now know our respective positions . I am , as I have ever been , Your faithful friend and servant , William Hill . Hull , Tuesday Night , Ang . 1 , 1843 . The above letter was sent for publication last week , but from the fact of my being in London , and Mr . Hobson very properly thinking it right that I should see it before it was published , that I might accompany it with any explanation necessary , he seat it there for my perusal . I now give it , without ., much comment : there being , in foot , only tyro sentences in the whole requiring particular notice ; the
remaining portion being a reiteration of those charges already repeated so often against M'Douall , Leach , aud others . The first sentence upon whioh I shall say a word is—** I might , in due time , have given yon more reasons , had the opportunity been permitted to me . " Here I find myself called upon to refer to the particular act which led to the removal of Mr . Hill from the " Editorial stool , " in order to be fully able to explain the above passage . Perhaps the readers of the Star ' will recollect that after the Court of Queen ' s Bench had left the judgment upon tbe fourth count undecided , a strong appeal was made through the columns of the Star to Dr . M'Douall , not to damage the prospects of those whoso case was yet undecided by returning
home until the final judgment of the GoujtBtoould have been known . At least such was the inference deducible from the manner in which the question was put . So far so good . The attack upon Dr . M'Douall which followed this appeal , and which appeared in tho Star of the 8 ih July last , did I confess stagger me ; and it so happened that I met Mr . Hill at Manchester upon the very Saturday on which the article alluded to appeared ; and after a lengthy , and , upon my part , a very warm and even an angry discussion , 1 said to Mr . Hill : — " Why , in God's name , recommend the poor fellow to stay away one week for the benefit of others ; and then tell him in the next breath , to starve or hang himself on a tree ^ or practice his profession in a country of whose language he
was wholly ignorant ? Why he must be worse than a devil to deserve this . And now , if he or any of tho others have been really as criminal as you appear to think , and as you have from time to time promised to prove ; and as I have suffered more than any other person from such criminality , let me know it . Youhave said you would " bide yoiir time " . I have shown ; no over-anxiety to hear it ; but now , come tell me what the charge against M'Donall js ; and if it can be substantiated upon good and irrefutable evidence , I will go as far as you in exposing him . To this Mr . Hill replied , '' / know no more than you do about Dr . M'Douall . I >¦ re no more charges to make against him " . ' * Xnc ^ . ' , said I , " aa I know nothing wnatever to his disadvantage ; nothing whatever to
disturb my confidence in him ; and inasmuch as I believe his services to have been as honest , as zealous , as able , and as beneficial to our cause as any other person , I will not allow my Paper to be wade the means of either starving him abroad , or damaging his charaoter or influence during his absence " . After a conversation of nearly two hours upon , this eubject , in whioh Mr . Hill expressed his determmauou to use his best exertions to drive M ' Douall , Leach , and others from the movement , he was obliged to start for a fiull train ; promising to meet me at Leeds on the following Monday . We did not , however , meet at Leeds ; , and on my departure from Leeds , where I bad been all day , I wrote to Mr . Hill expressing my reetet at
the course he had taken . I explained that I had but the alternative of appearing in the character of a consummate hypocrite , by professing my public and private disapprobation of the frequent attacks upon my friends , while I seemed to wink at them in the Star ; or of appearing as a cypher , having lost air controul over the paper . Tnat inasmuch as he had expressed his determination to destroy the influence of those men , and as I thought their influence indispensable to the furtherance of the Chartist cause ; and as the Star was the medium through which he hoped to effect his purpose , I deemed it prudent that his functions as Editor of the paper should cease . That he should have £ 104 " halt' pay" during my
life , for past services ; or if he preferred earning it , that he should have £ 2 a week for a letter bearing his own name upon political , literary , or scientific subjects . This brings me to tbe second passage , in which Mr . Hill says : " I shall never again revert to this matter , unless compelled by other parties . " I beg to assure Mr . Hill and all other partis , that no party or individual shall ever again revert to the subject in the _ Northern Star . That paper ever has been under vigilant popular control . It shall ever remain so ; and Mr . Hill ' s contributions , bearing his signature , upon tho above subjects , shall havo due insertion ; while no parties shall
makeit necessary for him to revert to matters which have cost me hours , days , weeks , and months of bitterest anguish- Since the 8 th of July last . Mr , Hill is not responsible for any article that has appeared in the columns of the' Star ; not having written for the paper from that time . Since then it has been edited and managed by those who , from the commencement , have shared the Editorial duties with Mr . Hill ; and under whose manage ment it shall continue to advocate those principles for the furtherance of whioh it was established . Feaequs O'Connob . Leeds , August 10 , 1843 ,
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J . W ., Macclksfield . —If he has the rent-book , with all the iums he has paid entered by the landlord ' s agent , and if those several sums , token added up , ' answer 10 the amount of rent for the time he has occupied the premises , it is clear that the landlord can have no claim ; though it is equally as clear t if the landlord set up the claim , and distrain for iff . a much larger sum than the amount disputed , 9 s * i 'vill be needed to prove that the claim is unfounded * We would therefore sap to «/ . W ., ?* keep out of law . " Prfibably he would find matters turn out to be not so clear as he may now persuade himself to think they are ; and he will assuredly find cost at every step he takes , when once the" processing" is begun , . The same rent rks apply to Ihe other case he
mentions . Unless there be a good understanding 1 between a rich landlord and a poor tenant , the latter has very little chance of winning in anydhpute that may arise , especially if they " ge to law" As for the " notice " , it will entirely depend on the nature of the take what notice he ought . to give to be legal . If there be not a special aereemens , six mouths' clear notice is required by law ; and if the tenement be taken at a yearly rent , those sir months' notice must expire at the end of a year of occupancy . For instance : if a tenant enter on premises at a yearly rent , say on New Years Day , and if , after being in occupation some ten years , he wishes to leave it , it wilt be needful for him , to satisfy the law " , to give notice So that the tenancy should expire on the 31 s / December' jbh , lowing . Notice therefore would have to be given before the end of Jane ; or it would not be sixclea f months , as required . All notices , too , under off in
circumstances , to be legally binding , must be . writing . The best course is , to get a friend to serve the landlord with such written notice pe + sprialhf t t he retaining nt copy of it , * o as to be dbUHtiprapit service , if required . ¦ Where a special agreeriieiit j for notice is made , it must be , sinptty ^ observed ; and all the above detailed form ^ fe ; nee ^ ssifi ^ i except as to time * In the casepui $ y ovr ' giterisly it is certain that he cannot be distrained upaiifor . the defalcations of his faiher-in-lam ;" , ' Priiiience ought , howevery / o dictate the necessity of great caution in meddling \ withhisfather ia-law ' sfffeotsi for , according to his own Mowing , there is " a"d efi ^ cimcy of some £ 60 or £ 70- Nothing can be ptOr ^ T , certain orJust , than that thefatker ^ nlH ^ V '} uVlo ' ' for the amount deficient ; and hisgd 6 at , or cs ta ^^ little © 1 'much , liable to be seized in satisfaction of ike claim , should it be treated as a debt . If it is ejjb > - zzl 1 ment , his person in prison , can , and may be had , in satisfaction .
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S 03 BEE IN HONOUR X > F THS kev WM HILL , AT HMKBUSGH ? A Soiree 3 n benonr of theabore named gentleman , washolden on Monday last , in the Calton Convent iioom , which was numerously and resaexATiSi \ vtr tended ! Tbe room was tade&Uy SS ^ h leaves andlonnerg . To iwJdtoibBwmSriafcStJfce »« etm& an excellent Orchestral Band was in attendance .. The evenmg ^ entertainment was also diversified fcy . stmgs . Jar . BflJ , on entering the h&lL was greeted wxh enthmaastio plaudits , -Mr . CrHbes -was called to the chair . After lie tea and other is&rnnmBTi ^ lgrnished in a most excellent manner by Mr . CkaMoni were done ample justice to , the chairman rose , and in a concise and" app ropriate address proposed the first sentiment t " The speedv /
JsnrranoniBemeBtj . of : tee jreopier' Mr , flriiae , -of JLeith , responded , ? : The next sentiment proposed was , ** A thoronjdb Organization ; and complete Union < sf the CaarfiEts of Scotland ] T England 1 and Ireland . " W . Camming responded . He dilated » t considerable length on ibe impbrlance of Te-organbnnjj ihe Coarmttat the present time . It Tvas Ihe question of questions . ' -Upon ihe prudence aad sagacity && played -Igr ^ ibose wlk » Tnray ,-be entrusted with the drawing np « f a new plan of onr organization , depended thealBS ^ -H&frdur-ihtnre / movement . -He afi doisn londly-cheered . ! The Chairman again rose , £ cd £ av _ e « 35 ie Gnesfc tfoife evening j ' the Bst . Mr-ffiil , ' wbiah -waB-ieceived yrlth Jong continued cheering
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EFFECTS OF FREE TRADE . —ANO THER TURNING-OUT . Just at the moment when the Trade reports from Lancashire , published in the several newspapers , were Of a nature to justify the anticipation that the boasted increased prosperity would have been in gome , way extended to the operative classes—j use at such a moment are we stunned by the threat of danger from a general cessation of labour !!
Our report of the doings of Mr . Bvcklrt , taken from the Manchester Guardian , will be read by every lover of peace and fair play with loathing , with sorrow , and with disgust . It would in truth appear as if the system of " lot-casting to do mischief " had been extended from the " sister country" ; and that a branch of the '' black-sheep office" had been established in our manufacturing districts . Else , how can we reconcile the neutrality and indifference of the many " feeling" and " respect " able" masters , who thus thrust their " Bailets" and " BocitLKYs" forward as * - pilot engines "; lying back themselves until the succes-s of their brutal attempts upon their unprotected hands shall hav « been tested As far as tlje Employers can furnish features to
this year ' s bantling , it bears a strict resemblance to last year ' s monster . The anniversary of the very dap upon which the work of destruction commenced last if eat , has been selected as the birth day of this year ' s "free trade" experiment ! and the same means for driving out the hands have been resorted to ! We are glad to find however , that it is deficient in its popular proportions . The turn-outs have wisely resolved upon making the ouestion one of herb wages ; and have , as we rejoice to hear , made good preparations for resisting an attempt to force them into physical resistance against the constituted authorities . They should bear well in mind the law as laid down by ' the M Just Judge : " V WOBKIKG MEN HAVE A PEBFECT RIGHT TO ABSTAIN
PROM WORKING FOB A LO WKR BATE OF WAGES THAN TBEV AGREE UPON AMONG THEMSELVES * , BET THEY HaTE i * O BIGHT TO COMPEL OTHERS TO ABSTAIN from work . " Let this advice be made the ruling maxim ] and resolve ! Let ( not the scantiness of a military force in the Lancashire district be relied upon ag any inducement to violence ; for the operatires nisy rest assured ( hat . violence will not aid them : snii that all the sectional disputes which now rage among the different classes would be instantly
merged ] into the primary ; necessity of " putting down the working classeB */ the instant * violence " is attempted . Forget ' pot the lesson of last year ! Strike but a blow in Lancashire , and Ireland and Wales ' will become quiet as if hy magic I vaA all will rally to the cry of - ' otsir * profits are in danger" ! The League have' expended thfcir £ 50 , 000 Ju a single campaign for , the relief of the Working olasseB . j Let us see how their practioe squares with their preaching . Cobden is treasurer of their fund . He has never travelled a mile or an inch , or eaten a meal , that has not been paid for out ef that fund . Apd while he is preaohirig up the blowings of" Free
To The People.
TO THE PEOPLE .
Co Tteabevz Auo Aforregpoittrentg*
Co tteabevz auo aForregpoittrentg *
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THE BIRMINGHAM CHARTISTS AND MR . ATTWOOD . We have much pleasure in directing attention to the business-like manner in which the Birmingham Chartists have , in spite of all want of Organization , met the projected \ neut move of the "Old Rump partv . " We so far approve their prudent course , that we may venture to assert that the return of the * Prodigal Son , " under the prescribed conditions would be hailed with great pleasure by the whole people . But the BIG CHARTER . andnotfche " little shillin g'' must be the plaything of the " new born babe into righteousness . "
We rejoice to soe that our Birmingham friends have decided upon , 'doing honour to the People ' s Champion , Mr . Dun combe , upon the occasion of tbe Conference meeting !; and if Mr . Attwood desires a manifestation of publio opinion in favour of the Charter , we have ho doubt but he will have a fait opportunity of learning it upon the day of
Duncombe ' s entry into Birmingham . - . We shall take care that the grand demonstration phall lose none of its effect through our ' * Reflector . ' ? What can the Benselcs 3 Scotchman who does the Journal mean , by attempting to force requisitions , that have been rejected , down the throats of the people ! We will embrace Attwood , and hold Him tight , if he comes to us fairly . We * shall not need to have him thrust upon us . '
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4 - THE ffORTHElJN S T A ft . J . . ^
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), Aug. 12, 1843, page 4, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1225/page/4/
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