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Northern Star (1837-1852), 12th August 1843, Edition 1 of 4, Page 7, Untitled Article

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      Untitled Article

      O-NIV-HBSAIi BROTHERHOOD . 10 THB XDITOB . O * THE BOBTBEBU STAB . Sib , —I sbonld bare had nmchplearore in continu-^ Bginy lemarta on ilw PreEmlnary Clisrter , bnt the jJhibb are eiidently pressinginward at inch a rapid j ^ ettrwards great am 3 eTentf nl diaBgea , and tht necea-^ jy of aKKmd . and trne OrganizaSon-of &b people to jgeet and ^ iiectiheae ciiangBS to the tmiTenal good is ^ econung -bo apparent , ttbat I most Tor a time defer juni ^ te g iipcm thit docnment , aUimpertant m it is , snd devote myself * ° 3 » Jin « T » fdr » your leaders such suggestions » itb « gara ^ fiie cbnr » they shnnld pnrjdb u "Will asist them in the- great business they propose to * maertake , at the nest meeting of the delegatea , ^ ^ . ~ L ^ je flo tbiB 3 a th * mo * * ffertual manner , I have Tflacea as the heading of fins better , the end I seek ; SdlshaD treat icy subject tooder three distinct

      dii ^ lafc ^ jjrant ootJhepiBBentpodaon oftbfiaodal , paBtfcat and ze 8 &mu affiura of Sils country . Sod . jEnmira tha various remedies that hare hitherto Jieen proposed , to remove "what has l » en found oppresjava 3 rd . Shew that It is now incumbent on as , to intro duce » uew order of things , and point out the mode in ¦ rti ifiaiifl is to l > e effected . With regard to tin fint part of my . subject , the three dirMoai I haye named social , ^ olitkal , and religi on * , axe also intimately blended-and depend , so much on each other thai I shall Toot be disposed to treat of them wparately , but iriQ ehdeaTonr to Jay before you bi oonnBery as posslblsxQ » leaaing matters ttbitst now occupy the public mind , locally « nd generally .

      The flnt in order , as at present ibe most absorltog ; is fiie quesSon of Jnatioe for Ireland . ThU is a subject ¦ r hicii hai iiaifirto been treated -with ika greatest lefrity by the ruling men of all parties in the jtate ; « HHetiaT ing > e « i determined on acting In opposition ioibe will of the people , sai lordng iheir opinions jana ieelinga in the xnaeftaxbibary manner , relying TrhoHj spon as force th » t they -were enabled to Ining to enforce thanj -whilst olhaa ^ liaT * thongb * by the most niggardly , partial , and petty measures of relief ,

      so o « am the gratitude ofs suffering rad most enduring people , "Wbllrt they Mve-withlieW from themiiBaily all the ^ dsbiB io Trhlch tosyTrereentiUed . A new state of affairs ha » ioTTBTajr ^ iwui ^ ^ in Ireland ; szid l shall in ainbxraletter ; point ' TOt to -what extent redress is ivow proposed to ie given to them ; and iowmueh further It should be ; carried , in j ^ g meantime Mr . O 13 onnali is bo Trell managing Ms bnsinesa of leader , that-we cannot do Jwtter than TTatch eTery movement he ttiAwi , and eoaeaTDur to profit by theblghly valn able experience he li procuring 3 or us .

      c 33 »» BXfcsabjeei that I shall bring to yonrnoBce Is tkestate of Wales . Prom the difference ^ language , from their iadaiad position , ana jrom many -other eases , 1 beHirrs-ihBpnblic generally -were little a- » are of the local ; and general grievances , under "which tbe agricaltoral dr ? ision _ of the Welsh ^ population -were labouring ; iad it -was notmnta Bebecca and her dangh ters took upon themselves the administration of \ rhs . t Jbey Seemed ^ justice , that these griTance ewuld be at an iM ^*>^ oare ^ aie pablic-iriewi This laayias , to weTer , thoroughly aroased pnblio sttentioii , and her proceedingawm be watthBd-with an intense interest . ! L 3 iere are some nnnarks in your paper of this day copied ftnm the jT ^ aaenpaper Trhlcharpress soTorcibly the power * f good Organization that 1 must again call the attention of year leaders to tiiem , 'fej embodying them ifHualetfcez .

      « WepereeiTOTdaiin « ai < oncem that the Rebecca iiishirbaiieessheirno symptom ^ decrease . Korare the iresh circumstances -wMch are Tagnely hinted at , rif » ffr « TjM » fo » T foyflhmril « fr nm » apprehensions as to the character which these remartable outrages may assame . It is more and more beliered that men ofedncaUonare concerned in them . This doiTes eon-« SftowLMo prolralnlijy ft <> m - ^?«» obrions «*^ n and * nnity Wifliwhich the operBaons of the rioters are planned and erecnted , and it addsaot a little to the « erionsness wifli whith ; they deserve to be regarded . * Wi&ont a head no ' riKing of the people has eTer prored perma-TipntJ y ^ nirTn | ffalf | P * pzxVatB -jfiftlf > nny w . ^ i ^ } vm \ \ t ^ t of "TieTra—Bcantiness of mfonnatlan—ignorance— -credulity

      —^ want ol order and coaceniratioB--aiea 9 ate pecu-TfaritTHi whioi gBaeraDy attend and mar s morement . It is the one leader , cognizant of the power and treai Sfiss ef the classes whom he is opposing , and -srhose ¦ rery same tongs oirder , arrangement , and self-reliance into the rsito , giving a definite direction to tbeir energies , understanding their real - difficulties , and stifling their suicidal disputes for precedence , —it is the educated . acknowledged commander who Tt »« tro ^ that dangeroai wideb . troaM otbsrinae he miachieToiia ; -who tsa thieateh Sae Trell . beinj ! of the state , Instead of meiftly ^ istorbing a neighbourhood ^ or « r "\ q » T " g a w > ihat > .

      Those T » ho may "haye « ad the original win see tint IhxYe left out a few © ccasional words j but I think the -passags as jabore reads smooCner , and is more zteicQy tme ? but as I shall have again to refer to this meTement when speaking ef t 2 ie remedies proposed , I will only aajmow , that if nnity be requisite for deatrno tive purposes howTerymnch more so most it be for fOP » - " rV ? " ^; Jt ne'wcx&sr of soasAjz snd tritiiotit this be done weahaHiaTe no pernaneBtledresa . Hie sect matter to which I 9 iD call attention as TnrtTft fmnMy |{( tt » ^ y -ttrwqttpnmg conclusiTe eonKquences , is the state of the mining districts . If the reports of the iron trade be anything like correct , and ol that there sppeaxn -to l > e scarcdy a doubt ; we tSYe before us the prospect of a moTement among the miners that win sot fan to strike awe and terror into the stoutest TniiKiB when considered in relation to the general affiurs of the country .

      The 3 iext subject I ahaIliioUca , iiofc from ita intrinsic importaiice . jTDBi from the Tigonr and actiTity -with wMeh it has bem earned into the agriculfcnral districts , and from fbe inaction which it has there prodaced wMlBt opposing what were considered the strong-holds ol monopdyi is . the Anfi-Coni law morement . T ^ kbaH : nex £ notice , the Tapid depression which is going forward among the-agricultural interests . For BomB ~ yeaT 8 ; : paS ~ tto interest ias been jso ispidly absorbing the tti ^ ii ef an other parties , that it has seen deaf to anything Hke a demand for change or

      improTement . Beliering , in Hie limited Tiow that « ftw » i 1 t"T' «^« f » Vo scU-thlDfts , *^* t the only change wasted to secure a cantlnnaBce of the benefits they were obtain ing , was a Tory Government , they were , witt S » assistance of the clergy , well organized , and pffrf . terl this object . Experience is , ioweirer , most Tapidly coimncing than tb&t force and { rand cannot much longer rule the destinies of this country ; and they wfll -rery soon T » glad to mate common cause with their fellow men for the purpose of procuring that happiness sow so much needed by ^ an .

      I have next to caU attention to the opposition that is felt to the new Poor Xair Act This measure , when It was introdneed , received the eoidisl assent of all . the so called great lBadin ? Jpsrtaes of the state ; and has , perhaps , from the sTiffering it has produced , advanced the eanse of iuman TegeneraUon more rapidly than its framers erer csntemplated . It appears to be the ztatureof man that ie KSH vnif discern tbe road to bappbfess through pain -and suffering j and it is certain that , when tie eyes of all classes lave been thoroughly opened to the great misery which this act has produced , it wfll tend most poweifully to assist in derelopicg that ¦ n » » iT » -i » T Byatem of society , -vhlch coald 3 > e immediately introdneed , iot only ^ without jnjsry to any single individual of the inman race , but with the greatest possi ble benefit to srery jnan , woman , and child , sow in existence , and with themost mpidly progresriTe benefit to an future generations .

      in ebmeb affisiis , -Irsiand 3 s meet jnstJy complaining m finding that the great majority of her people are obliged to see thm opinions » nd feelings vilified and abused 5 what they considBr as sacred and holy , treated as damnable and idolatrous , and themselves made to contribute largely to the support ot those who thus speak of them . Under all circumstances , we can only wonder at the smsH amount of opposition upon tbe * e msi ± er » , exhatntea in &e present movement "We most , however , be prepared to witness the question of the chsreh-o ? Ireland Tmt / ia one of the chief topics -in that settlBmeni wjurh wUl have to be made before justice can be done .

      ^ inZEnsiand , beKdea the various demonstrations ot dissent , ve JBndjthst what is generally termed the Church , is torn by the meatvioleot internal convulsions . TEne party named the Puseyita are exciting most strongly the alarm of the « ther branches j and : a division 1 b arising -which w 31 legulrs attention from May lefomung body 5 whilst the daily increasing powea of thBWesleyan Methodists , arising out of their superior -Organ * isiton , is wffJti ^ g the fears of those who have hitherto zested satisfied with the emoluments they were receiving , and considered their power over the Tnintiw of the people . secure and abldiwr ,

      In Scotland , tha fabric ef the Churcb . has been rent anmder- and repose sow only takes place whilst each party prepares itself , by an examination of Its resources , for tbe further great and mighty straggle which wfll takB Plate between them , if the end of these things has nutlet anired . Ty « shall , in feefe , fc eacti eoctory , h&ve to witness the iatoei destmctJve agencist that can 1 » concuTed brought into fierce and violent action , Bnfi * the spirit of Jinja shall enliven aU hearts , and direct the minds ol men tothaVnniversal fountain , from which all good may immediately be made to flow an afcnadan ee tm a 3 i . Hsvingtakm this brief and imperfect surrey of our mteraal affida , tetus look for a moment at some few of «» external alations .

      S > waTewesitmtea with Prance ? Can thepeeple « f a « at « dun ^ r forget a » posttion . we toolrwitk legarfl . to a determination to force on them a government they ) * o » arerse to ? Can they forgetfl » bloodand trea-* Jre that was expenied daring the fang period which tara&B ^ a ^ wlHj'the" battle -of Witerloo ? Can they * rpve ^ db siippossd naeon&l hnnnliaticm that was ttrown ^ npon them as the Jesuit of that contest ? or jrnst-w * Twjfc -noia expect that these matters win be »« en advantage of , to minister to Qxe personal imbi-^^ of Use present TOgaing monarch ? iomsPhmipe £ Tid / ? y"wiBhes ! to place hi sxm on the throne of Spsat by a -msrrbze wlfli Sbe yonng Queen d that ^ n » l » y , -n iich « ir rulers -womdyjr possible , prevent ; « a tfcae is every prospect of . his aeeompUshing hia ¥ ax $ o&- It- jb most deBgitfnl to see flat we are too mnei * eeapiea ath 9 me toj take partin these mattersj Sidfeii ' -She balance ef power in Europe" mutt be fc ^ jnsted by Engjsjj ^ Snowing ba « wn poaJacai , and

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      attending to tile interests of her population in connection with tbe general interBiti « fhhmani ^ . ) . What is the feeling of Russia towards this country 7 A *? PlyJo ai « question win be bBrt seen in tfie result of every interlgQe which is got np ; against as ; and -which it is certain will dally be more and more roccsss fully practised until we shall have- embraoed the standard of Trna » , and nnfuded theimnner of universal Freedom . Until in feet we shaU have made Jtove , and Truth , and Justice , the basis of all our actions ; indlvidBaUy , uattonaHy , « id generally . Then , aid- , not tin then , win there be a power ii » England thatshall enable hex to declare the universal hsppiness of man ; and that war and misery , poverty and destitution , rice and crime , ignorance and iniojiity , shall be banished far ever from among men . I

      It would be desirable that I should proceed ; to tbe examination of our relations , not only with the ^ arious countries of Europe j but with America , andjnore especially wiih our Tart colonies ; but I have ! already occupied too sraeh space to enable me to do this . ' If your leaders wfll themselves reflect seriously opon what I iave said , and win take an other countries separately , and examine the position in which England stands with them , they will find , much the same results . t At present aU is confusion and discord ; and unless some broad and comprehensive measures be adopted , these wUl soon degenerate into riot and anarchy , and a state of things wfll be presented to our view ? such as the mind shudders to contemplate . 1

      In . my next letter , 1 shall have to T > egin as examination of the various remedies that have hitherto been proposed to remove what has : teen found oppressive that we may see whether ih > y ate adequate to their purpose , or whether any , improper obstruction has seen given to their being adopted ; as it must ! be evident to ail that up to t&is period matters hare been rapidly getting worse and -worse . . 1 am , Six , your obedient Servant , William Qalpin . Concord inm . Ham Common , Surrey . July 29 , 1843 .

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      THE NATIONAL B . ENEPIT SOCIETY THB TXXTLtS , UtEPICIKKCT , AND C 0 XSEQ . UKNT INSTABILIJT OP EXISTING TBAPE AJiD BENEFIT SOCIETIES , OUB LAND HABKS FOB TVTVSB 0 PEBAT 10 KS . TO THE CHABTIST PTJBLia Dependant brothers , who should and would be independent . —Oar numerous struggles and attempts to rid ourselves of the mighty weight of adverse circumstancea that press us down , and baffla onr praiseworUiy exertiDUB to live and elevate ourselves and order have hitherto failedi not because we did . sot possess the power toremove the burden , but because we did not possess the amount of knowledge necessary to wield that power aright The most important of the plans adopted by the working class to stay the encroachments of the ' ; master class , the vendor class , the landed ; class , the monied class , the government class , and all other monopolists , extortioners , and oppressors , on their eights , liberties , and personal property , Le . their labour , has been Trade , Benefit , and Political Societies . All these societies ,

      though good in themselves , and the very sort necessary to the accompliabment ^ f the objects sought after , have never been established upon a sufficiently wide basis ; have nBTer grappled so extensively with the wide spread « vfl asfwas necessary ; and therefore they have failed In tfeoting the object sought for , through the ignorance in which caste , class , and party-government hath deemed it wise to keep onr order . But that is so reason why the olpecls should sot be accomplished by better plans and better machinery . Improvement is the order of tbe day ; and , whilst the arts of war and peace are being improved daily and hourly , surely the machinery of Associations that have for their object the happiness of the human race , by making the arts ^ of war bat children ' s harmless toys , and those of peace the blessings of hnman Creators , wfll not be allowed to remain in the state of «« blissful ignorance" our forefathers leftit I 1

      These societies , as at present constituted , offer no adequate relief to the wants of the working man , nor sufficient guarantee that they will be able to ; psy the stuns they promise in ease of need . There is' no certainty of their continuance , until their first member becomes an old man , or of their ability to defray the expence of his funeral . Tbe average duration of tbe present constituted Benefit Societies is thirty years . Some hare not lasted five . Breaks-ap are by no means uncommon , when the money is divided sometimes very unfairly . The individuals getting it soon spend It ; and all the sought for benefits are lost . This breaking up is generally occasioned by a fear on the part of the members that the society wfll be drained by the sickness demands x > d its funds ; and that when they come to be ill , there will be nothing for them .

      In most iTtgVaTvfo this fear of the members respecting their future prospects , is but too well foundeJ . And if they win bnt go into the question , and investigate the principles on which most Benefit Societies are founded , they will see that decay is certain after a certain age ; and that he who comes last on to the "box" -frill be worst off In most cases the only dependence of such societies is upon the subscriptions of the members , and about 3 ^ or 5 per cent , on their funds placed in soma bank ; which latter income does not pay the officers for managing their affairs . Things go on pretty comfortably for a few years , if they keep the body together . E » ery member boasts * what a good society his is "; how " much money they have in the box" *; " no one Jon the

      funds for so many months ; no deaths ; only a f ewlyingsin ; the stock is rapidly increasing . " All goes on swimmingly . A lot of members is proposed every meeting nigUt . Well , time weara on . Tbe club is getting old , People dont think so much about it now . Others have been started , promising greater benefits . There has been a sort of competition in dubs . The old dub begins to loot down . Sick members increase ; the cashHsgoing out fader than Utrtr came in ! A few very old members are all that are now left ; and these meet from habit every club night , to pull long faces at each other , and brood over an smpty exchequer . Of sickness they think not ; they are too hardy ; but occasionally hints are given tbat if one of us was to die , there would not be enough to bury him . " At last "fear ' operates , and a division of the funds is effected . !

      Such is but too often the history and ertdct dubs as at present conducted . And the ye-nng men seldom attempt to redeem them from their downwards 'sliding scale . " When there are a great number of old members in a club , ihe young avoid them , and join the * young dubs " whicb young osesxome to the same old end ! { Some societies , in order to spare their funds , have recourse to levies , in case of deaths , births , &c This is nnsnited to the poverty of the -working class , numbers of whom can scarcely raise the money to pay their monthly contributions . In a dub where levies are made on contingent occasions , a member never knows what his subscriptions maybe ; and be is kept in doubt whether he wfll not , some time or other , be obliged by bis poverty and the increase of levies to leave the dub , and forfeit all he has paid , through inability to meet the numerous demands . ¦

      A working mas needs assistance as muck when he is out of employ , through " * ' depression of trade /' t or any other cause over which he has no eontrottl , as when sick : ; for in sickness he may stand a chance inmost towns of getting into an hospital or an infirmary ; bnt -when out of employ he may tramp from town to town , from bastile to hostile , from magistrate to overseer , and overseer to magistrate , until he sinks by the way , and perishes of want 3 ] Trade societies Ail from similar causes ; bnt their importance demand a whole chapter in order to do them justice , which I wfll perhaps essay in my next . !

      Politicians and political societies , whilst they have complained that the other societies do not sufficiently grapple with all the evils under which the working classes groan , have never attempted the work themselves They havs satisfied themselves with what they -deem " the one thing needful : " that it was # nly necessary to battle with the political monopolist for political power ; not seeing tbat the enemy draws their attention to only one point of the ramparts , whilst the army of monopoly is every where , and all romni the -vslls . I Hoping my humble endeavours wfll do the good I desire , I remain yours , in the cause of union , GB . ACCHU 8 .

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      PABDISE WITHIN THE REACH OF All . MEN ., without labour , by power op nature and machinery . Letter III . TO THE EDITOB OP THE KOBTHEBN STAB . Deas Str . —What is the destiny of man 1 } Why -was he created and placed upon this earth , and what function was assigned him by tbe Creator jln the -universal scale of existence ? Was It to ravage and devastate his mother earth ? Was is to wage war against bis brother ? Was it to Uve in hatred and contention -with his fellow-nun ? Was it to pine away his existence in factories , flltby workshops and mines , or to work as a slave in cotton and sugar fields under the burning * ays of an Eqnatorialsun ? Is it his destiny to be

      so degraded by toil and vexations that the only place of pleasure and zest be knows of is the misery-retailing gin palace and beerhouse ? Is it a fit occupation ; for an immortal spirit to carry bricks on his back to the top of a * honse ? Jio : a thousand times no ! . Man is created in the image of God ; he partakes by divine mercy of hia very spirit ; he is made lord over all thb earth Hia function is to be . overseer of the globe ; to use the . powers of nature , and divert them , by Iris mental -power , t » cultivate and embelliBb . its surface ; to develope its materiaitesources ; to fertilize its . deserts , aad ¦ drain its swamps and morasses . He is created tolive in

      peace and friendship wfih bis fellow-man j to extend his knowledge and perceptions ef the varied creations that surround him ; to taste the pleasures of communicating and associating with minds who have the same attractisns , feelings , and objects ; to « njoy the dlyinest gift man has received—love : that jiTt which points to the gates of Heaven ' s own blissfal xegion , where aH i s -love ,, love unbounded and unutterable , and _ -which passeth the ^ ower of the human mind to conseiTe ; for tbe centre , the focus of all love is God himself . Sucb , in a few words , is tile terrestial destiny of man , ior tbe practical function assigned him by tb » divinity to creating and placing him on the earth .

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      If we compare ^ the present existence of man with vbat ft can and ought to be , onr hearts must bleed , and onr Inmost nature mast impel us to seawh for the causa of this perrersion , of th ! s degradation of man ' s own nature , offthia variety of vice , crime , and outrage . And tWs < Sa 1 we is no-other than blmdnesaand stupfdfty > Blindness which kiriders us . to see the real pleasures , iiehea > and powers ] of nature ; and stupidity Which makesus unable tp appropriate these powers snd rushes for our own iues High and low are guilty of these crimes . They join collectively in the erroneous notion tobeltevathat the people wrat work ; that man ought to work j that his physical powers , which are exactly in proportion to the length of time he onght to live , should be used to dig the groundsaw wood , carry

      , bricks , * & , by which life , is necessarily art short . The people do not ttxmi work . Work is not the end , it Is only theiaeans at present , for want of knowing better means . The « nl is provisions , happiness the satisfaction of an our rational desires . It is an insnlfc to common sense , and to the nation , to hear a Duke of Wellington declare fnparUamenti " all that the people want is work . " Did he ever " want to work" in the same manner as he thinks the people ought to work ? No ; he and every one who can do without work ; every one who can get provisions and the satisfaction of bis desires , without digging and slaving for It , do so . The burden of work must therefore be double heavy upon those . who are so unfortunate as to be compelled to work ; and tiie dread of work , in the minds of the

      saeaUed higher classes , is the cause of a wrong and unjust distribution of wealth , and of the various forms of oppression and slavery under which ' the people now suffer . It would take too long to enter into tbe question of the present distribution of wealth . Besides , political economy , based npon repugnant labour , and the consequent scantiness of products , is not my province- I know that it is impossible to create peace and happiness , and good -will among men ; I know tbat it is vain to expect general refinement , and a higher elevation of the mind , when men are wom out with the maintenance of themselves and those dear to them ; when they are harassed by their daily insignificant labour , and in constant want , or fear of want , for their shattered health and impaired bodily powers . All the necessaries of life must be made to be as plentiful and as cheap as water ia on the borders of a sweet river . Then all the artificial differences . between man and man will cease .

      and only the natural and legitimate differences of a more or less elevated mind ; of more or leas tastes , desires , and passions ; of a more or less extensive knowledge of good , ; pleasant , and useful things will exist among men . labour , in the present signification of the word , that is ,-repngnantr forced production ,-will cease , and tbe most refined pleasure in prodncing wealth without bounds , through tbe powers of oar mind , clothed with the powers of nature , wiil be substituted for the feeble physical powers of man . Han will then remove swamps and deserts from the surface of the globe , cure the deceased and much neglected body of our moths * earth , banish sickness from among men , in fact , create , by pleasant attractive industry , a paradise where labour is unknown . I am , Sir , jour obedient Servant , i C . T . Stoixmsybr , No . 3 , Northampton Terrace , City Road , London , August 1 st , 1843 .

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      ^ ^ TO THB EDITOR OP THE NORTHERN STAR . Qneen ' s ; Prison , London , Aug . 8 th , 1843 . Sib , —I happened ; to fall in with the following speech delivered from the hustings in Westminster HaU , on the 6 th of April 1780 , by Charles Turner , Esq ., M . P . for the . city of York ; acd , as it is a straightforward , manly , avowal of our , principles , I have no doubt its pfernsal will afford great pleasure , and instruction to your numerous readers . 1 am , your ' B truly , ! George White .

      •• I feel a great satisfaction in addressing so numerous and respectable a body of my countrymen thatcanntt be animated by a slavish mind . I have ever opposed the torrent ot corruption , and the inroaos of arbitrary power ; and thongh I have been unsuccessful , yet , with your assistance , I will fight and conquer . Corruption and . tyranny can : never stand against the virtuous efforts of a free people . Be fitm , be resolute , and unanimous . Assert lyenr birthright . Annual Parliaments , and an ; Equal Representation , are privileges inherent in the constitution ; but if you do not think yourselves free with obtaining

      that object , you have a right to insist en what Government yon phase . LawB were made for tbe governed , not the governors—and all government * orignate with the people . If yon choose to be slaves , you may submit to an unlimited monarchy , or an oppressive aristocracy . If you wish to be free , you have a right to insist on a democracy , or , yon have a right to form a Republic . Dont talk to me of f the power of Parliament , or tbe power of tbe Crown . All power originates with yourselves ; and if the Crown , or the Parliament , abase that power you have invested them with , you have a right to re-assume it . !

      " Yon are the Lords of tbe Creation , not the slaves ofpower . You are our masters ; and we are only your servants , delegated , and employed by you to do your business ; and till you pay your servants , as was an » ciently the custom , they will never act to your , advantage . If you do not pay them the Crown will ; and then they become the servants of tbe Crown , and no longer the servants of the people . An honest man can have no interest but that of his country in coming to Parliament . And If be sacrifice bis ease and retirement to the duty of a senator , his expsnees at least ought to be

      reimbursed by his country . You now pay your members with a vengeance for enslaving you and picking your pockets ; bnt if you v ould once pay them yourselves , yon -would ho longer complain of oppression . Act with spirit and resolution . Insist npon your privileges , and J urill meet you at Jtunnymede . I love the poor—I divide my fortune with them ; and . 1 wHI die with them . The poor man ' s labour is tbe rich man ' s wealth , and -without your toil a kingdom would be worth nothing . Whilst I : am free you never shall be slaves . God bless the people . "

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      THE POLITICAL VICTIMS AND THEIR RELIEF FtTNI > . TO THE CHARTISTS OF GREAT BRITAIN . Mi Friends—I direct your earnest attention to the subjoined communication which has been addressed to me aa the Treasurer of the •¦ Political Tictim Fund" : — ; ( copy . ) " Kirkdale Gaol , August 3 rd , 1843 . " Esteemed Sir;—We embrace this opportunity of writing toyoa , relative to a fund which we understand has been raised towards relieving those who had the misfortune to be imprisoned through tbe lamentable outbreaks of August last , and of which , fund we believe you to be tbe Treasurer . Tbe reason of our writing to yon on the present occason is , that on the 24 th of this month sixteen of those who were couvicted at the Special Asaiza , Preston , are leaving this gaol , as the term of their imprisonment will have expired . Likewise on the Sth October fifty nine , of those who were convicted

      at tbe Special Commission held at Liverpool , will hav . e served their time ; and as all these men and their families are in a most deplorable condition , and they themselves are in a very debilitated state , and as the county allowance is not sufficient to carry them home , and as these men will not be able to resume their employment { if they should have any ) for some time after their liberation , we hope y ? u will be kind enough to exert yourself in their behalf , and , if possible , send them something towards defraying their expences home , and allowing them a Email trifle to subsist npon for a few days . The names and residence of each individual can be furnished if required .

      " Sincerely hoping you will attend to this most important duty , and waiting yonr kind reply to this letter , wesuDscribe ourselves , on behalf of our fellow political prisoners . " Yours truly , " Isaac Hotle , " James Williams . " London , August 7 th , 1843 . " Most sincerely do I sympathise with the hapless condition of yonr fellow-sufferers , and their respective families , as communicated by your letter of the 3 rd Inst . You dp indeed ; sxate more than sufficient to induce in me tbe utmeat anxiety to perform " the most important duty" which ; you have very properly required at my hands , as the accredited Treasurer of the " Political Victim Fund" —namely , that of exerting myself on behalf of tbe seventj-flve individuals who are shortly to be released from their present unjust and most cruel incarceration . - '

      * Previous , however , to my being enabled to effect anything in this matter , it is necessary that you should supply me with more explicit information than is contained in your letter . When I intimate that the fund at present in hand scarcely exceeds £ 30 , yon will at once perceive how inadequate it is for relieving so numerous a body of " claimants as yon represent ; and when to this I add that it is , to say the least , questionable whether the subscribers to that fund would justify its disbursement to other than persons known as Chartists previous to -their imprisonment , you will further perceive the ^ absolute necessity . imposed upon me of making the fullest inquiry into-each Individual

      " To enable yon the more readily to communicate the desired details , I would , suggest the propriety of yonr adopting a form , setting forth the xiame of the victim , how long imprisoned , previous employment , number of family , circumstances , residences , known or not as a Chartist , and reference giveu to some one in the neighbourhood to whom If urther application might be made . This return , when filled up , should be immediately transmitted to me , and I will then confer withtiiose who are equally anxious as I am that every claim which justice and humanity can male upon the Chartist body should be—aa far aa -possible—discharged without an hoar ' s Bnnecessary delay . " Ypu wfll , of conrse , adopt a similar plan as respects the fifty-nine convicted at tho Special Commission , Liverpool , and which-will form B « turn No . 2 .

      " I would particularly impress upon you the necessity of making the- ' reference column * as explicit as possible , by giving the proper address of the Chartist Secretary , Lecturer , or Councilman , residing in the claimant ' s locality previous to his arrest .

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      *^ Z 2 ? * ******* expression of my aympatby for yourselves P ^ rsoiiaUy andfor , o « cc . vlcini 8 generally | f ^ Iam , yoWM , truly , " Mes ^ jHoyle and WiiliamB , £ SteSwhetherSS ^ L ^^ ' lti * * oryou to determine 2 l ^^ lyto ** ojrIe Md Williams is moh asyou r « nf vnn ^ . o ^ f wh 0 w ° - "ititied to relief ^ wJ . ^ Xf i aI Vi < # m Fond / ' I beseech yon iSi ? SS ^ * ! * YoubaTObeen too SJ *« $ > £ »»*** . Yon have not yet performed SL * * ^ J *« WoUms have > a right ^ demand SSLS * £ W ***** . and us professed men of L ^ SLF * *^ * tmowti "ttbscrtbed to the Fond RSWt / * have done . You hawrnot formed your Local CommxUm in ever * town . v ,. nh ™ ™* ¦««! . * th /

      , ,, o ^^ im s- ^ aiaed nnu ^ r oi fen = cSli ? f 8 " " ^ 8 tigma fo wmain 0 D ni > S f d , nJwV than that j I am prepared to cohSSftiW f ^ Gommlktees as ! most earnestiy hope will be immediately formed . I am , yem Friend and Fejlew Chartist , , shno t . J « i ^» . * John Cleave . 1 , Shoe Lane , Fleet Street , London , August 8 th , 1843 .

      -m ? Bfli *? 1 *? - dlwct *>** attention to the reply vni Ln m jf *<> Messrs . Hoyle and Williams . Jnn « 1 ?^ ^ ' ^ ^ ' there wfe ' *» * Wtom which Jn £ ^ if ^ ^ Wactorily solve , and which , injustice 5 h 2 £ ? ^ X von °° 8 ht to answer quicktfr viz . j S , J otfaer than recognized meinbers of the Chartist body , or their families , are entitled to claim relief from a fund to which none bat ChartistahaTe subSMibed ?

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      TO THB EDITOR OF THB NORTHERN STAR . : Failawortb , Aug . 2 , 1843 . Sir , —Thb Tuesday , after tbe pablicatlon of my letter relative to Andrew Smith ' s family , I received a note from the Clerk of the Manchester JUnion requesting me to meet the Guardians on the following day , as they wished to inquire Into the case . I consequently went The Chairman opened the proceedings by asking the relieving ' officer if the statements in my letter were correct The answer was tbat the letter was entirely false . The Iattergehtlemttn then stated ] tbat Andrew Smith received 7 s . the first week , in two separate auma—three shillings the first , i and in three or four days four shillings ; and on the Sth of July five shillings ; afterwards two BbiiHagB ana sixpence , and ! ten shillinga . The

      medical officer then gate his evidence , and when he had ceased speaking , I requested the Chairman to read my letter that the Guardians might be better able to appreciate what I [ was going to say ; but he refused , alleging that they had beard it read . I then called their attention to an osaertien which the Believing Officer had j ast made , viz . tbat my letter was entirely false , and proceeded to show from his own statements that the tetter was correct ; that the appearance of error arose from the fact , that the oldest girl had been ill five or Bix days previous to the receipt of the three shillingsconsequently throwing the four shiilings into the second week . "It : appears evident that this family , although in a most wretched condition , were left to the cold sympathy of ' a few friends during the whole of a fortnight . " Is jthis an exaggerated statement ( By the relieving officer ' s own account , three weefes , at least , elapsed from tbe receipt of the four shillings to that of the five . When I had finished my remarks on the

      evidence of the Relieving Officer , / and had jasfc begun to draw the attention of tbe Gnardlana to an assertion made by the medical attendant , i" that there was no sickness in the house for a fortnight after the receipt of the four shillings , '' with an Intention to prove its falsity by showing that Mary , the subject of the inquest , became ill the ! third week , the medical attendant interrupted me with a long explanation , aid the Chairman allowed him quietly to proceed . I complained of anch interruption " on unfair , and was immediately answered by the Chairman , "that he hadfa right to explain . " From the termination of Mr . Thornley ' s explanation to the time 1 left the room , I wast scarcely allowed to utter a sentence without being interrupted with a question from one or another . I will now proceed to give nearly tbe whole of a letter on this subject written by Mr . Gardener , Clerk to the Union , and published in the Manchester Guardian ot the 29 th alt . I

      After mentioning the day I met the Guardians , he states that jfutt inquiry was made into the case of Andrew Smith , with the folio wing results : — Mr . Brown , in his letter bearing date the 19 th July , fixes the period of the matter about which he appears to make complaint , stating " six weeks ago . " t q { 8 would be 7 th June . On reference : to the relief books , I find that on the week to which this date refers , tha relieving officers gave this family seven shillings in two payments of three shillings and four ahillingB , on application of tha pauper ( a very pleasant term truly—I

      wonder if Mr . Gardener will call the Duke of Cambridge and bis daughter paupers 1 ) who was directed to attend the board meeting of tbe following week- On Wednesday , the ; 14 thof June , he was called on , but did not answer , and the Guardians left an order for the admission of the family into the workhouse , in consideration , as Mr . Browjn says , that cleanliness was one of the requisites absolutely necesaary for the family , as well a » they would'have better care and attention than they could possibly in any other way . Andrew Smith refused tbe order , using violent language to the Guardians . !

      "No farther application was made by the family , or on their behalf ; for assistance of any kind to Vae Relieving Officer , ' till he heard by chance , on one of bis rounds in the execution of hia duty on the 6 th July , that Smith's child had bid an accident ( this scratch with the stone must be made to appear of great importance—why not say had caught the scarlet fever ?) and was in a bad state j upon which he sent five shillings relief to them by the medical officer , his informant The man had also two shillings and sixpence additional , relief on the 10 th of July , when he was deaired to attend the board meeting on the following Wednesday , the 12 th instant On the hearing of the case that day , the Guardians ordered ten shillings per week , whilst the case remained in its then state .

      In the last paragraph Mr . Gardiner dees not draw a correct inference from my language when before the Guardians , but endeavours to free them ! and their officers in a side-way manner . He says , " at the investigation . Mr . Peter Brown Btated that he never intended to make any charge againBt the Guardians or their officers ; but as it appeared in his letter , as well as your editorial remarks , that its tendency was to r eflect blame on the Guardians , an explanation ; seemed called for . " Now I distinctly stated to the Guardins that I had confined mysely to a narration of what I considered facts , in order to corroborate the statements in the latter part of the letter , and I moreover asserted that at the time I wrote my former letter I had an idea that outdoor relief was refused through an impression that

      Andrew Smith ' s friends would not . allow him to enter the poorhouae ; and I even asked what were tbe motives for refusing ottt-door relief , and instead of receiving a civil reply , jl was answered by one or more of the Guardians— " they did not sit there to answer questions , " or some such insolent remark . I then gave them to Understand that according to my view of the New Poor Law , parents and children could alone be called upon to support each other— -arid was immediately answered " were they to sit thereto hear the law explained ?' " When leaving the room , I told tbe Chairman and the Board , that I considered they bad taken a partial view of the subject , on hearing which a Guardian called out— " is the Board to sit here to be insulted ? " I answered that I had a right to express my sentiments . :

      Allow me to do an act of justice in saying that onehalf , I think , or the major part of the Guardians were silent the whole time . Eves allowing Mr . Gardiner's statement as to my intention to be correct , what has that to do With the matter ? If a number of conjoined facts naturally lead to certain inferences , then it follows , that if the statements in -my letter be true , the- inferences must be legitimate , j ' Mr . Gardener admits that the tendency of the letter was to } reflect blame on the Guardians . The tendency of what ? *> f a number of statements . Then if the etatemants prove true , the tendency must of necessity remain . | i that letter

      Now as the Relieving Officer stated my was entirely JfalBe , I call-npon him , and the Guardians to back htm ; to piove that statement ; and further I challenge any one to prove that I have made a single false assertion . I am always patttcularly careful to assert nothing but what I can prote . 1 am not aware thst any statement in mj letter has been proved nntrne ; excepting the omission of two and sixpence , and thai ; was paid after the five ebtUUigs . That emission , I am ¦ willing to take npon my own shoulders . My wife says , that Andrew Smith , my informant , told me of it ; ^ nd ; l | say that ' I either did not hear him or forgot it Bat have I made a false assertion then ? Have I mode an assertion as to any money emanating from thb i Board ? No , 1 merely siid "I am told " so and so . ¦ ¦

      But when I met the Guardians , what were our relative situations ? I received , frpm the Clerk of the Union > note couched in blind language , intimating that the Guardians wished to see me relative to Andrew Smith ' s caselas " they were always onxleus that the wants and . necessities of the poo * under their care should have ejery . sttentfon that thefr cases may require . •' Now ^ wbat did I appear therd for ? i-as an accuser ^ I had accusedt thbm of nothing I conceive that I appeared there to give them what information I had npon the subject ; and if the statements proved trne , t » endeavour to ascertain what were [ the motives which actuated them ; consequently I had : a right to ask questions . !

      Mr . 0 ardiner assigns as the reason for refusing on tdoor relief that the wanta of the family would be better attended to in the poor-hoose . That this was the motive , t cannot believe ; forj in niy opinion , it resulted from an impression on the minds of ther » - lieving officer ; and guatdians that Andrew Smith ' s friends would MBiat him , and prevent the necessity of bis entering the poor house . ' The order for ten , 8 hil « ng 3 a week was made on the 12 th of July , when tbe relieving officer bad strong reason to think that the family haa been for u | con-Bideiabie time in a state bordering on starvation .

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      Nancy , whom I noticed in my former tetter as being dangerously ill , died a few days after its publicity ; making the third death in ! a family of five within one month . ' I It was not my Intention at first to give my informant ' s name , but aa a letter appeared in last Saturday ' s Guardian signed Andrew Smith , militating against the veracity of one or more of ; my statements , I felt called npon to do so . That letter ^ has resulted , in my opinion , from family pride . That pride I neither do nor ever did wish to wound ; butfallowme to add , notwith-Btandlng all that has or may be said , Andrew Smith was in a very pitiable situation—nor do I , by saying so much , mean to infer blame to the relatives , all of whom with one exception , I believe , have families of their own , and yet I dare say have afforded Andrew assistance during the last two years ; therefore I infer , that if the Poor Law officers refused out-doo > relief through an idea that the relatives would relieve , they had no right to do so .

      Mr . Gardener states that Andrew Smith was directed to meet the Guardians on Wednesday , the 14 th of June . The latter says that to the best of his knowledge he never receivd such a communication , nor does he recollect using language that ought to be termed violent . I can readily believe judging from what I myself have seen , ( that firm , but yet respectful language , may by some of the Manchester Guardians be deemed violent and insolent I am , Sir , yours , fee , Peter Brown , Surgeon .

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      Lamentable Suicide—On Wednesday last , the town of Loath was thrown ! into a state , of excitement to which , happily , it has long been a stranger , in consequence of a young gentleman , abont 18 years of age , having committed suicide by taking poison . The deceased was being brought up for the snrgical profession with S . Tronght , Esq . j and was discovered dead in 3 chair in the surgery , he having taken a very large dose of pTusstc acid . An inquest was held on the body on Wednesday afternoon , at the Three Tuns , in Upgate , when a verdict of " / elo de se" was returned , and the body of the unfottunate youth was interred neat midnight . I

      Another proof of the evil consequences of the vulgar error , that the ringing of bells will disperse or divert a storm , was given , | a few days ago , at the small town of Poulainesj in the Indre . About nine in the evening , eight of the inhabitants , seeing a storm , hastened to the church , and rang out a peaL While thus employed , the lightning struck the belfry , burst the walls , and so nearly killed all tha ringers , and the sacristan , who was with them , that it required all the resources of art to restore them to animation . —Paris Paper .

      A Series op Accidents . — Ilfiucombe ,--A few days ago , as Mr . Moaes . ljoweller , of Swansea , was descending one of the rocks by the sea side , his hat fell into the water . He made a circuit to the beach , and regained his bat ; but the tide coming in , on his attempt to return he ] found himself surrounded with water , and no alternative was left him bat to climb the rook . He had ascended a considerable height , when the soil gave way , and he fell into the sea a depth of twenty or thirty feet . Providentially , he was enabled to grasp ' a piece of rock , and with great difficulty climbed into a cave near , where he lay down exhausted . He found that he had lost his pocket'book , containing £ 59 in bank-notes , besides a valuable watch . i

      Loss of the Steak Jacket , Liz * ed . —A letter has been , received from Gibraltar , giving the following particulars of the loss of this government steamer . " Gibraltar , July 27 . —On the morning of Monday , the 24 th of July , when ablaut twenty miles from Carthagena , a light was reported on the larboard bow of tbe Lizard . The officer of the watoh , as the positive orders of the Admiralty are when steamers meet each other , immediately ( put his helm a-porfc . The master coming up just at this moment , inquired if the helm was a port ; and on being told that it was so , ordered it to be put hard a-port ; but owing to the other vessel putting [ her helm a-starboard , the Lizxrd was struck by her on the larboard

      paddlebox , a little before thefmam-shaft , the shock of which was so violent asito throw the Lizard over on her starboard side ( and carry away all the funnel-stays but one . The officers and men below immediately rushed on deck ; the engineer in charge blew off tiie steam , and was proceeding to pump out , when the rush of water was so violent and the Lizard was apparently sinking so rapidly , that the men were ordered to save themselves by olimbing up the bowsprit rigging of the other vessel . At the instant the collision took place the Lizard ' s boats were ordered to be lowered , but the passage aft was obstructed by the bowsprit and bow of the other vessel , so that the only persons on the quarter deck were the quartermaster ' s man at the wheel , and one or two of the officers , who had come np from their cabins ^ and wko , seeing that to all appearance all others bad left , followed their

      example . Determined , however , not to abandon the Lizard whilst there was the most distant chance of saving her the boats of the vessel ( which proved to be the French man-of-war steamer Veloce , of 1 , 200 tons and 220 howe power ) were lowered , in which some of the officers and nton ofj the Lizard returned , and saved a sick boy and passenger , with some two or three others wne bad been left behind in the first confusion . All hopes ofj saving the vessel were at once abandoned when we ] discovered that the water had already made so much head as to put out the fires and to float the lowjer-deck hatches , and continued pouring ia with such violence as to render it taoat dangerous to remain on board . The last boat had scarcely left the Lizard when she sunk bead foremost . The night was misty , and the Veloce's lights being placed on her paddle-boxes , whereas the Lizard ' s were at her mast-head , could not be seen until close to . " I

      State of NoriiNaHAH . I-rFrom a Correspondent . J —On Monday a public meeting of the unemployed operatives was holden in ! the market place , lor the purpose of devising some plan to ameliorate their present distressed condition . Just before the meeting commenced , a waggon was observed passihgdown the market-place , drawn jby men and women , with their children in the waggon . Such a sight was never seen before in Nottingham . They were operatives out of work from Bui well , a large village four miles from Nottingham , one of the seats of the hosiery trade ; and they had come here to ask alms . Several hundreds attended the meeting ; but they bore no proportion to the whole of those out of employ . It is feared that before many days there will be nearly a total standstill in the hosiery branches .

      This summer is the worst that can be remembered . I have been a frame-work knitter thirty years ; but never saw so muoh distress , and want of employment . There are at this moment , numbers of men dragging carts through the streets , begging . The cart is to hold the provisions the charitable may be disposed to give . I imagine that the want of employment and consequent distress in the hosiery trade , are mainly attributable to the immense quantities of silk , and cotton gloves , manufactured from the warp frame ; and the immense quantities of silk and cotton hose made from wide frames . 11 have a statement before me given by a warp hand ! He says that cotton , fine cotton , gloves are made ] frpm the warp frame at 4 Ad . per dozen to the workmen ! A hand machine

      wiil make sixty dozen per week on the lowest computation . Silk gloves vary much according to the size of the silk ; but the ^ rice to the workmen varies from 8 d . to Is .. ' 8 d . per jdozen . The warp frame figures the gloves in any way the manufacturers design . Silk gloves , tuckland plain backSj are Ss . 3 d . per dozen making ; figured with the jack-machine a good deal more . The jack-machine makes lace gloves similar to the warp frame . There are many warp frames in this county , and also Derbyshire , on the rotatory principle—very wide frames ; and they will make double the quantity the hand , machine will make . The statement I have before me says ISO or 160 dozen per week % wor / eedby one mank They get a ereat deal per dozen ] less : from the rotatory

      machine than from the band machine . The public will , therefore , see that it is utterly impossible for the plain Bilk and jack machine glove hands to compete with this machine , j-Three dczfea per frame is an average of plaia « lk gloves per week ; about two dozen jack machine gloves . Great quantities of silk hose : are made from wide frames , two to four at once ; and are many of them embroidered most beautifully . These are brought intofne market at a very * cbeap rate . The markets are thus glutted ; tand want of employment , poverty , and wretchedness , are the consequences . A great deal more mightibe said about the impositions practised in the hosfery trades ; but this will suffix for the Dresent . At the meeting on Monday ,

      Mr . Jonathan Barber , aa operative out of employ , was called upon by the chairman ; Mr . Daltori , from Mansfield , to move the first resolution , which he did in a speech of some length , detailing the causes of the want of employment , and orginjertnat nothing would tend to ameliorate the condition of the starving millions of this country , but the passing into a lavr the document called the People ' s Charter . Resolved— « That this meeting is of opinion that the distress now prevalent * in thiB town , % lidin every part of the country , is attributable to class-made laws ; and that unless some plan be speedily adopted to alleviate the distress of the country , it is hard to tell what may be the consequences . " The

      resolution was put and earned unanimously . Mr . John M'Duff moved the second resolution , which was as follows i—** That it is the opinion of this meeting , that it is the duty of every lover of his country , of every individual who possesses one spark of Christianity , of every true philanthvopis , to come boldly forward at ] this eventful crisis , and assist to ameliorate the condition of the Btarying millions , whoso extreme ( sufferings cry aloud for redress . " This resolution was also carried unanimously . N . B . Out of the 5 i . 3 dc paid at the warehouse for silk gloves , there has to be paid for seaming , winuing , master ' s profit , frame rent , needles , &o . The "handers" would have about 6 e . 6 d . clear ; the "fingerers" about 83 . J 6 d . when they have plenty of wors .

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      Tub loss of ius Pegasus . —Holt Island , aco . 4 . —Another of the unfortunate sufferers by ? the Peeasus was picked up by the steamer Testa ( from Newcastle to Leith ) , and put on shore at H 0 I 7 Island . He is in the fatigue dress of the 96 th Regiment , bnt so disfigured as to render his identification impossible . Gn his person was found £ 3 3 a 6 d ill silver , and threepence in copper . The body lias not been stripped , or otherwise his name would probably be found on some part of his dress ! but being ia such a state of decomposition , renders that operation almost impossible . He was found floating within a few yards of the sunken vessel , and was evidently

      disturbed by the operations of the divers yesterday . The unfortunate Mr . Aird wa 3 coffined to day , and the Coroner hsts been sent to , but from the unfortunate circumstance of Holy Island being in the county Durham , without a post , renders his arrival Uncertain , The inquest ( when held ) will bo the means of eliciting the facts connected with this unfortunate transaction , which appears to be enveloped in total darkness at present . Mr . Aird was found with a piece of wood across his body , which prevented his rising to the surface ; and no doubt a number of other bodies will soon be found , the divers' impression being thai a number are fcppt down by the mattresses , &c , which are strewed about the cabin .

      The LABOEsr beil bveb cast m Ensiasd . — Yesterday an immense bell , the largest ever cast in England , weighing no less than 7 tons 11 cwt . 2 qrs . aad 12 lb , was shipped on . board the Lady Seat on , bound to Montreal , and Tying on the Brandy-quay , London-dock . This splendid , bell , which is intended for the new Roman Cathedral at Montreal , was cast at the foundry of Messrs . Mears aad Sons , Whitechapel , and has attracted , since it has been finished , t " he attention of avast number . It is heavier than the Great Tom of Lincoln , by 32 cwt . The price 13 upwards of £ 1 , 200 .

      A Barristee Posed . —At the late Limerick assizes , a witness of the " lower classes" was crossexamined by Mr . Bennett , Queen ' s Counsel , when the following dialogue took place : —Counsel . —Why do you hesitate to answer me ; you look at me as a I was a rogue ! Witness . —To be sure I do . —> ( laughter ) . Counsel . —Upon your oath do yoa think me a rogue ! Witness . — = ' Pon my oath I don't think you ' re an honest man—( continued laughter ) . Counsel . —You swear that on your oath ? Witness . —I do , to be sure ; and what else could I think ? Counsel—Now , why do you thinks bo 1 Witness . —Why , because you ' re doing your best to make me perjure myself ,

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      NEWCASTLE . —Mr . Ejdd lectured in the Char * tist Hall , Goat Inn , Cloth-market , on Sunday evening , Mr . Embleton in the chair . His subject was" The past and present state of Society , with its future prospects . " Mr . Kydd commenced by tracing society to its origin , and ehowed the comparative bap * piness . which the people enjoyed in their natoral state to what they now do in a state of " high civilization . ** England was allowed to be one of the most civilized nations in the world ; yet , he contended , that no country in the world presented a greater amount of misery than she did . On the one side was boundless wealth—the . supposed property of its present

      possessors ; on the other was increasing misery and wretchedness , the sure lot of the producing classes . This followed on the principle of cause and effect . The wretchedness existing was the result of up-heaped wealth . All men on the face of tbe eartb , whether willing or nnwilling idlers , must be supported ; and the labourer must support them . Now it follows , that if the labourer la cast out of employment , he becomes a burthen to society . The present system was ' throwing thousands out of employment evoty week , and their places were supplied by machinery , which , in point of fact , pays no taxes ; consequently the unv ? illing idlers would fail back upon the monopolist ; property would depreciate in value ; local taxes would be increased ;

      and the ignorance and cupidity of the middle classes would destroy themselves .. The regeneration of England was a question of time . It was simply how long would the present system totter on the brink of disaolution . beforeit tumbled about tbe ears of its . supporters ? He ( Mr . K ) was often told that this was Christian England ? If so , it required a microscopic eye todiacover Infideiity—it was no where to bo found . Churchman and Dissenter . declared Christianity to be based upon the principle of - " live and let live . " It was so in theory ; putrtbejarrio f interests at present existing prevented an honest , may from enjoying the cpmroon necessaries of life . Indeed this country acted oa the principle of " eat aad be eaten . " That is the practical

      foundation , and it is ' a practice which affects the masses . Bat did the present House of Commons purpose to change the grinding system , and make , the interests of all classes v ? otk more harmoniously together ? Nothing of the sort I Lord John RuaBell and Sir Robert Peel amused .. the House of Commons by speeches proving how incapable Whig or Toij ; Ministries , were to govern the p 6 op > - " Finality John , " on Friday night , in hia speech on the state of the country , proved the existence of a fluallty Bob in England , aud taunted Sir Robert to his teeth with the failure ef the Ministry to carry the educational measures of the Fac tory Bill . The fact was , that the Government -were easily persuaded to abandon anything that was good . The Factory Bill was too good a bill to be carried against a ' factions opposition . Not so with an Irish Arms ' Bill . It was a bad bill ; and , as a matter of course .

      ¦ was carried at all hazards . . Lord John told Si * Robert that be bad it in his power to silence the Repeal agitation by inducing the Irish people to believe that the Government would do them jusdee . This was an open avowal ef the old Whig policy of making professions which they never designed to perform ; but it was no ro . Ihe people looted at the distinctions of Whig and Tory in their real colours , and heartily joined in tiie chorus of the good old English ballad " Tantarara , rogues all , rogues all ; Tantarara , rogues all . " Mr . K . went on in a similar strain , for an hour and a half , and concluded by proving the Charter to be tiie only means whereby the accursed system could be changed ; and urged upon the auditory the propriety of Uniting for the-acquirement of that , glorious object . A vote of thankd having been tendered to Mr . K . for bis able lecture , the meeting dissolved .

      Mr . George Julian Harnet lectured in the Chartists' Hall according to announcement , on Monday evening at eight o ' clock . Mr . H . in a very able manner , showed the many schemes resorted to by the Tvonld-be philanthropists of the day to remove the evils bo fearfully felt by all useful classes ef the community ; and proved to tho satisfaction of all present , that a repeal of the Corn La-ws would not remove the existing distres ? . Unless it Was accompanied by a regular adjustment of the whole rotten system it would be a great cuise to the working classes . Mr . H . quoted an account of the importation 0 ! foreign manufactures into England for the six months after Sir Robert's tariff became law , cle&Tly showing that although Sit Robert Peel did not

      go the whele boz for " Free Trade ; " he went far enough to let the people see experimentally that if work was performed on tha continent , that the working men of England were deprived ot it ; and so long as they bad twenty-seven millions to pay annually in the shape of interest to a national debt , and so many drones to support in affluence from tbe fruits of their toll , Britons could never be expected to compete with nations comparatively " free" from 8 uch a cttise . If such is the effect of Si » Robert ' s sample . Englishmen's work done elsewhere , and they left to starve , what would the sack be ? The most illiterate may guess that if the Anti-Corn-Law League had their desires to-morrow , the working classes would

      be left to starve the next day . They , base class , have no kindred feeling with the masses . It is contrary to their practice of accaniulating wealth . Their aim is to procure as much labour as possible for as little wages as possible . The interest of working nlen is the reverse . Tbe philanthropic Mr . Cobden , Who assays to devote his whole attention to the benefit of Ills !' , working men , has not contradicted a statement Which publicly charged nlm witti reduclni his calico printers twopence is the shilling . If the middle classes really wanted to do good to the working classes and to themselves effectually , let them unite in one bond of union for the acquirement of the Charter ; and if the industrious classes vrere once protected in their labour by means of the Charter , they would soon show their willingness to repeal not only the Corn Laws bat

      every other law which might prove a dead weight upon the prosperity of all : classes of society , Mr , H . next alladed to the forthcoming Conference to be held at Birmingham on the 5 tu of September , and urged upon the men of Newcastle the propriety of examining for themselves the several Plans of Organization suggested for the consideration of the delegates on that occasion ; and aa much depended upon the conclusion which might be come to there , he . hoped they would give such instructions to their delegates as would enable them to re-organfza the Chartist body and enable them to hold that position in society which they held in Nevstcastle , in 1839 . After Mr H . sat down , Mr . James Fraze ' r moved , and Mr . Cockburn seconded , the following resolution , Which was unanimously agreed to : — - That in the opinion of this meeting a committee of seven should be now

      appointed to scrutini&i the various plans suggested by the Mends of tha people for the re-orgauSzjtion of tke Chartiats of Great Britaia , and otherwise make the necessary arrangements for the opinions of toe Chartists of Newcisstlei being fully repreHentea in the forthcoining Conventten . " Mt . Win . Fleming moved the following , which was ably seconded by Mr . Sarney and agreed to unanimously— - '' That In : | he opinion * of this meeting a committee of five be now appointed to use their utmost in procuring fands in this diatricfc for the support of such of our fellow-men , m nmy . lje BuCFer ing pecuniary embarrassment for the eake of principleto see that such funds be duly remitted to the General Treasurer , and be iegnlarly anaounced injhj c ^ fliiginp ^ f the Northern Siar . " Messrs . Frasrar , J ^ wC 158 ??§ s - - Fleming , Liviogstone , Embleton , Bamj ^ waTO ^ a ^ atf > j ?~ ^ were appointed to examiue the dlfiBiiea ^^ lfena ^ t Ofj- ^ A Organizition . A vote of thanks was 4 BS *^ . dei ^^ f viJ Mr . Haraey for the able manBer in ;¦» * * » $ ? . ^^ . $$ Z * . ^ . ' , < vacated the cause of Chartism J ^ fc ^ ctoe ^ t ^ . v ' w ^ Q evening j and after a few words in g ^ lyjepnir ^« rS » t ^ j y ^ *« (meeting was ditsohed . ' j&fjsu '' - ^* / vTrr i . V Mm *

      Cfcarttet 3ettteili^Tice.'

      Cfcarttet 3 EttteIli ^ tice . '

      Untitled Article

      ; ' ¦ I __ . • THE NORTHER ^ STAR- 7

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), Aug. 12, 1843, page 7, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1225/page/7/