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Northern Star (1837-1852), 26th August 1843, Edition 1 of 5, Page 4, Untitled Article

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      Untitled Article

      JjBHBOSi—Mr , Sherrard will lecture on Sunday morniDg at the ^ rYorkjng Man ' s Hall , Mile End HomL Miss Snsumih Inge , will lecture at tie saHwpl&ceiu the evening . - Ma ^ Tg . TBOKB—Pr , Fossell tt 31 lecture " a * ihe Mecbjuoifi ' s Institution , Circni-street , Uew-road , on Sunday evening next , * t eight o ' clock . Soxsbs' Towa liOCAurx . —On Sunday evening next , Mr . Grover -wHllecture at Mr . Dnddridge ' s , ifcicklaver ' sArx ^ Tonhridge-street , riew-ro&a . Dxas ^ stxket , SoHO . —Mr . Pavoc vnll lecture at fee < 3 olden Lion , on Sunday next ^ B * eight o ' clock .

      Mb . if-isrz trill lectore at the Black Boise and ¦ Windmill . Keldx&te-street , Wflitecbapel , on Snn--jiay , ihe 27 th iaA , » t eight o ' clock in ihe" evening . After lte lecture , some important business , A PoBEitTHieennR -willM holden at lie large Assembly Koomv ^? % ^ Brewers , Yine-street , Eatton-trallj to take into consideration the distressed state of the country . The proceedings -mil commence at eight o ' clock precisely . —© a Wednesday Xfixt the meeting will be addressed by Messrs . APGrath , Fossell , BolwelL , Cameron , Cowan , Parker and Sharp ,

      A ChaJeust meeting will be holden at the Patriot Cofiee House , every Monday evening ) and &tihs Two Brewers on Wednesdays . "Wxs . yncE .-A meeting "will be holden at the Saraeeri &-head , next Sunday evening , precisely at halfpast Eeven o ' clock , when it is expected that the Delegate . Fund will be completed . BniriT—A jrablie meeting -srill be lieldcn in fie Oiartist -Association , roam , Pellon-lane , on Monday the 28 th inst , at ei ;? ht o ' clock in the evening , to appoint a delegate to the projected Conference . A Speclu . Delegate Meetikg of the Halifax District will be holden at Lower Warley , on Sunday ( Jo-morrow ) , at two o ' clock in the afternoon . A if CK ) d attendance of delegates is expected . Scwerbt- —A camp" meeting will be holden on Batten-row MooronSunday , SspW 3 rd , attwoo ' clock in the afternoon .

      Sbhdeblaxd . —Messrs . Dobie and Charlton will lecture on Monday evening , the 28 th inst ., in the Chartist room- Chair to be taken at eight o ' clock precisely . Admission free . Oumxx . —On Sunday , to-morrow , a lecture will be delivered in the Chartist room , at six o ' clock in ihe evening , by a friend . Ob W kXES Tcesdax * Tea P * rty and Ball will iakeplacein Jhe Town A all , Oldham . Mr . O'Conbox has pledged himself io attend . Air . Buncombe is also invited , ar d expected to attend . Tea on the table precisely at four o'clock , and the Ball to commence at ten . Gentlemen ' s tickets , to the body of iheiall , Is 2 i ; Ladies , Is , ; to platform , Gentlemen , 2 s -6 d ; ladies Is 3 d each $ to Ball only 8 deach . JS&tly Application is requested , as * only a limited number of tickets will be issued .

      Bjughtdh . —The , supporters of the cause of liberty are lespeotfnlly informed , thai a Concert and Sail will beholden on Tuesday the 29 th inst ^ at the Artichoke Inn , Waiiam-street , forthe benefit of Jflr . William flower , suVIEreasnrer , their old friend and labourer in the cause of truth and justice . Tie attendance of reformers is respectfully solicited . HtjrascMxis . —Mr . Dojle ^ s Ton to for the ensuing Treek : —Nottingham Market-place , on Sunday the 27 th ; Mansfield , on Monday the 28 th ; Sutton-in-AshSeld . on Tuesday the 29 th ; Bnlwell . on Wednesday the 30 th ; Ilkeston , on Thursday the 31 st insL ;

      and Derby on Snnday Sept . 3 rd . j BocHDAiB . —ilr . Thomas Davis , of H » wick , will deliver two addresses to-morrow , in the Chartist ' zoom , top of Yorkshire-street , to commence at half- j past two and six o'clock . j HiaJDEBSHtEiaj ! . —A District Delegate Meeting will j ]» holden in the Chartist room , Henley , on Sunday ttie 27 th iust , atone o ' clock in the afternoon . Ab ' oolleodtms were made at a number of places , where j Mr . Da vies lectured , to defray the expenses-attending ihe same , it Is hoped that Delegates from those ? places will attend , in order that the money matters j may i > e settled .

      3 ztaaxGB * M . —A Grand Tea Party and Ball will be holden on Tuesday , September 5 th , in the Hall of Sclaiee , Lawrence-street , in iononr « f Thomas S . Duncombe , Esq ^ M P ^ J . T . Leader , Esq ., M . P ., "W . Williams . Esq ., M-P-, and Sharman Crawford , JSeq-i 2 J . P . Tickets , One Shilling each . Htbmisgbjl x District . —A delegate meeting will leheldar Wednesbnry , on Sunday , Sept . 3 rd , when delegates , from ihe follpwingplaces : are requested to attend from Birmingham , Walsall , Bilston , Wol-Terhampton , Dudley , Oldbnry , Stourbridge , and the snrronndin ^ dismct .

      Stockfobx .- —A members' meeting will be holden xa the large xoom , HLUgate , at two o ' clock , to-morrow ( Sunday ) . —Mr . James Leach , of Manchester , will lecture in the evening , at six o ' clock . Snbject : * The Fallacies of fiie AnS-Gorn Law League . " Oa Totsdai a public ^ meeting will be holden at eight o ' clock in the evening , io elect a delegate to the Conference to be holden at Birmingham on Tuesday Sept . 5 th . MiKCHESTEB . —Mr . J . 3 * . Bairatow will deliver a lecture H ihe Carpenters'Sail , ob Sunday evening , <» o ttorwwj Chair u » b « taken * i half-past rix o ' clock . The adjourned discussion upon the Land question will be resumedon the Large Ante-room of Ihe above Hall , on Sunday { to-morrow . ) Chair to l ) e taken at half-past two o'clock In the afternoon .

      Dewsbcbt . —A Public Meeting for the Election © f Delegates to the Birmingham Conference ( which is to be holden on the 5 th of September ) will be holden in the Market-place , Dewsbury , on Monday Bext , the 28-h instant . Chair to be taken at seven o ' clock . Shekfieed , —On Sunday , at half-past two o'clock , ibat eloquent advocate of the people ' s rights , Mr David Kqss , of Manchester , will deliver a lecture in ihe Eg-tree-lane room , on the Eights of Man . In the evening of the same day on The great Delusion On Monday evening , the same gentleman will deliver a lecture on Political Power . Covestrt . —A public meeting will he holden in ihe Chartist Association Room , on Monday , August S 8 tb , for the purpose of electing a delegate to represent the Chartists of Coventry in the forthcoming Birmingham Conference .

      Beadfosd . —On Sunday evening , at seven o'clock , a lecture will be delivered in the large room , Bntterworth Buildings , on the various Plans of Organi zation , now before the public Discussion ia-Tited . After Ihe lectore , a collection will be made , to defray the expence pi the West Biding delegates lo the forthcoming Conference . A Cxke Meetikg wiDbe held at Apperley Bridge , at two o ' clock in ihe afternoon , on Sunday , The ChjlKCKIS of Little Horton , will meet in tbe School Room , Park Place , on Sunday morning , at sine o ' clock .

      Tub Chasusts of M » TmTnyjm . Tm will meet in iheit Koom , on Sunday morning , at ten o ' clock , on important business . A full attendance is- expected . The Cbasosts of Bowling Back Lane will meet in their Hoom , on Sunday morning , at ten o ' clock ; and at two o ' clock in the afternoon , when a discussion will take place on Organization . The Chjlstists of George's-street , will meet on Sunday , at sine o ' clock . The shareholders of the Co-operative Store , will meet in the Store , Chapel Lane , « a Monday evening , at eight o ' elock .

      Untitled Article

      2 SAK CHESTER , —Cakpesteks' Haxl . —On Sunday evening lafct , the above Hall was crowded in every part by a highly respectable audience , to hear an address from Mr . Peddle , of Edinburgh . Mr . Suites occupied the chair ; and after a hymn had been sung by the choir , and the leading article in last Saturday ' s Star read , Mr . Peddie was introduced to "the meeting . Bis-address occupied up--wards of two hours in the delivery . Upwards of twenty persons Joined the Association .

      Pdbeic Meehkg- op jchjb IxHABiiAirrs «? Mahcbssieb . —A sumerons meeting was holden in the Carpenters ' -liall , on Tuesday . evening last , for the purpose of electing two-delegates to tiie forthcomiog Conference . Mr . James Leach was unaninjouslj called upon to preside . The { ThaimnaTi opened the busines by leauing-tbeplacird convening the meets' ir ^ - > anie i Donovan thea rose , and prpposed ¦ £ T \ v t 3 - ?? *** P ^ 'Per person to represent bonta Lancashire an the Conference ; and paid a Tdkmerited

      rompBrnent to that gentleman for his J ^« 1 ? Jf n * taess V j ^^ * nd character . Mr . SP \ T lv ' lr IS deservedl y and rapturonslv applauQed . The Chairman then put the moSon ^ ch was earned without a dissentient . ThTX : W-jSu Jactson tnen cajneibrwaxd and -dtb-dos ^ I vi » ^ ffiamlhxon . p » propodtion S . S 5 S a fc Jb 'JL'I X * & ? L m bemg pnt *»¦ Maiumouslv agreed to . Thanks wereihengiven to the Chairman and the meeting separated . ^^

      Untitled Article

      ? Lasge iKPOBTAnoa o ? Pbbit , &c—On Mondav last , thesonUished of theHumber Dock presented lhe « ppearance of a market , the ^ meraldlsle Bieamer liavi&g amved -on the preceding evening with mpwards of two thousand baskets of fruits ana veg © - tiblM—a quantity hitherto Tmprecedented this sea-Bon . A special order hsving beeu received from the Boardof O ^ ms , facilitating greatly the delivery of perishable articles ; brought by this conveyance , the unloading commenced at six o ' clock preciBely , ana the whole was landed in excellent condition . Boyera having amved bjr the first train from Leeds , parchaBes proceeded nrettr briskly , and before the

      delivery of the cargo was completed , early in the afternoon , npwards of 1 JC 0 pecks of apples and pears , and 5 ; &tOIbs of red currents h& 4 been despatched by railway for the markets of the West 3 tidiBg . We bdieve some ibrther parcels were sent J > y iheBext train . This cargo included 1 . 010 bas - kets , { 3 , 030 pecks ) apples « id pears ; 336 baskets , 18 ibs each , currants ; 63 ditto plums ^ SOofivhich went to Leeds ) j 1 ofmelons ; 2 of encEmbers ; 80 of girkinkj ; 2 crates -of oanliflowErs j and fi 37 bnshel lancets of potatoes , togefiier wiMi several packajjes of fiower xBote , " and twenty basket of dried jeast , "wUi wiue , madders , &c

      The Northern Star. Saturday, August 26, 1843.

      THE NORTHERN STAR . SATURDAY , AUGUST 26 , 1843 .

      Untitled Article

      « THE LAND" AND THE LEEDS MERCURY " CABBAGES akd Potatoes , versus " HISTORIES OF THE COTTOl ? TBaDB . - When the employment of our unemployed labour and unproductive capital , upon the soils of our own country , under circumstances that will ensure indejxndence to ihe labourer , has been advocated , as the means of producing plekty for all , and removing tlie horrible mass of pover ^ and misery caused in the manufacturing districts by the labour-displacing-process of machinery ; and in the agricultural districts , by the Big Farm Bull-Frog system : when this plain , simple , easy , and practicable plan of

      relief has been proposed , rather than the enactment of a measure which will cause a farther " extension" of machinery in the manufacturing districts , and , by consequence , a further displacement of labourers ; and cause , too , the main portion of the lands in the agricultural districts to be still less cultivated than they are at present by iheBull-Froga , and , by consequence , a still farther decrease of the number of labourers employed in tilling the soil : when the friends to the application of Home-Labodb for the production of Home-Food , have hinted that common sense dictated that it would be more judgematical

      to make our own Land produce the quantity of food required , r&ther than be placed in a position to he dependant on others for that which we could not do without : when this scheme has been advocated , both as a measure of sound national policy , and as the only means of real relief from the misery and destitution engendered by the present direction of our National Energies , a yell © f clamour has been set up by the ** Profound Political Economists" as senseless as it has been loud . " England can not prodnce enough of corn . ** ;** She can not , because eh © does not . " " Capital will always be employed in those pursuits ihat will ! give a return ;

      and it is clear that if a better cultivation of the Land wonld be more remuneraiiv ^ more capital would be employed in that cultivation . " " We shall therefore always have to depend on the foreigner for a portion of our supply : and it is maiiifestly our interest to get it from Aim as cheap as we can ; and all laws that would prevent us from doing 60 , though passed to PROTECT home laboub , \ are vioions in principle , and injurious in practice . " Such are a few of the Cuckoo songs that are instantly rang , the moment a plain , simple , common-sense ; unpretending politician , ventures to Epeak of The Land as a remedy for the national evilof non-employment , and as the firs / and best field for the exercise of National

      energy . It is in vain that you adduce facts in support of your common-sense positions . It is in vain that yon shew that the Land is , in reality , uwtilled , compared with what it might be , by iha aid ef science and modern improved modes of culture . It ) B in vain that you point attention to the well-kaown fact , that no pains have been taken , comparatively speaking , to encourage agricultural science ; while every care has been bad to foster vi invention" and " improvement" in manufacturing machines , until the whole art is now almost wholly performed by

      inanimate means ; and chemical power applied to the perfection , in a few hours , of processes connected with manufactures which before-time occupied more than months . It is in vain that yon shew that the implements mainly used by the tiller of the soil , are the rude and ill-adapted ones of more than a thousand years make ; that few have turned their attention to the employment of the new lights of science in the construction of tools wherewith to cause the earth to teem with plenty in abundance ; and that fewer still have striven to cause the far deeper and more general chemical knowledge we kow possess to be

      employed in aid of agriculture . It is in Tain that you show that the operations of our Bull-Frog Big Farm system tend to the bad-culture and nO'Cnlture of the Land { even rude as culture now i& ); from the absolute impossibility of one man attending to the ttanls of such an extent of surface as the Big : Farm system causes him to have ; that he cannot ' have the requisite capital ; nor if he had , ( which is not at all desirable ) he cannot rightfully superintend the neceBFary operations from sheer want of time to attend to all and each . It is in vain that you show the baneful workings of our iniquitous law of primogeniture ,

      which causes the Land to be locked up in the hands of the few to the wrong and great injury of the many . It is in vain that you demonstrate the evils to agriculture itself , attendant on the making of the landlord's land the qualification for the subservient tenant ' s vote . It is in vain that you prove , by actual experiment , what can be done with the Land by improved implements , a judicious application of chemical knowledge , and improved modes of culture . It i 3 in vain that yon prove that it is possible , in «// cases , to quadruple your prodnce , from land badly tilled , by tilling according to a lest expetuive mode .

      It is in vain that you show , by actualiact , that the produce may , in many instances , be increased tenf old , and more . It is in vain that you show that the rudest and most antiquated modes of culture are the most expensive and wasteful ; and that a less outlay of labour and capital , if judicionsly and scientifically applied , would result in a far better return . It is in vaiu that you adduce , and prove all these thingB . The " profound political economist" heeds them not . Wrapped up in the axioms of his school

      crammed to the throat with the cuckoo sayings of his tribe ; stuffed with self-conceit and puffy vanity , almost to bursting ; big with disdain of all that is unpretending and * un-leamed" ; being , in short , the actual embodyment of Eupercilliousness and coxeombery , your crack . pro / mind political economist" frill dispatch your facts with a sneer ; and forthwith spout a * lot of theory" to PROVE to you * hal that which you know has been done , could mot BV POESIBIL 1 TT BE 1 !

      Precisely such an animal as this , iB the " Profound Political Economist" of the Leeds Mercury ; and precisely in this manner has he met the advocacy of the employment vt Thb Laxd to the removing of the destitution caused to the manufacturing and agricultural workers by Ms political economy . " The advocacy of the employment of The Land to such an end as we have just spoken of , is no new thing with the Northern Star . ThB letters of Mr . CCohsob in its pages have done much'in the way o

      forming public opinion upon the question , by directing public attention to it , and Betting forth the advantages to be derived to all classes of society from a proper and useful application of labonr ' s energies to our own soil ; and we trnst that the many Editorial articles Ihat have appeared , from time to time , and months ago , from the pen of the present writer , have not been without their ifFeet . The present position of Thb Laud question clearly shews that the tffarts of its advocates have not been in vain . . It now

      occupies , in some shape or other , the main portion of the pnblio attention . What is the cry for , and the dread of , fixity of tenure , " but the LaKD question forcing for itself a way through and amidst the ** profound political economical" nostrums of the day , shameing them out of existence by ! mere force of contrast ? The battling of " Bebecca' » with " fixed tithes , taxes , and rente " what is thai but the Laito qnestion in another phase , ptrnggling to ^ et itself into itsownandproperposition ! Thenowincessantadvice from our " profound political economists" themselves to the agriculturalists , to rely more upon

      improved modes of culture for a return for their capi * tal than apon protective lawB , is bui * ajiolher indieafcon of the general feelingin conne&lfewith the due occupation and employment of the soil : and riuy *< heation i . au the more Batisfa 6 l 0 ^ because it demonstrates that the » profound- * ones them-[ selves ; those who used to talk that > if rcouldbe . wellvere the > field , of England covered JrZZ ( encrustation of Lava , TO PBET £ KT ^ G&Qwm ; OP ANOTHEB BLA ** OP CO ** o * GaiSS j ^ entire population mi ^ ht be annoyed in manufaclm „ i to give to the forei gner in change for hi , much

      Untitled Article

      cheaper agricultural produce , boih corn and cattle ;" it demonstrates that the " wise" men who could at one time , iwhen the u manufacturing game ' was " profitable ; '' when it was leaving its thousands and its millions to the " masters , " and more kicks than ha'pence" to the men ; it shews that even those , who could then spout this balderdash , and wish England a barren rock , are now forced , themselves , to consider upon Thb Land question , and teach the farmer how to use his soil to produce moreof national wealth .

      What is the lond demand of the working people for a plain , simple , and efficient plan for practical operations on the Land , but the effort of man to regain his natural position , from which he has been dislodged by the combined operations of high-taxation , paper-money , and an nnduly-ho ^ bed-forced amount of manufacturing machinery ? Yes ! Tub Land question ia THE QUESTION of the day ; and well is it for the suffering poor that it has been so Btrenupusly and so successfully forced upon general public attention .

      But what has all this to do with me , exclaims the u Profound Political Economist" of the Leeds Mercury . Why have you mixed me up with your Land question ? What have I to do with it , whether you choose to adviee people to grow potatoes or not Pray what ; connection has my *• History of the Cotton Trade" to do with cabbages t Softly , good Mercury . Don't get out of wind . You'll need it just now to blow your OWN Potatoes with , as they are just about to be served-up again , "all hot "; and we intend you and ourselves to " discnBs" them together . You area" dab hand " at growing them , we all know : let us see what sort of a customer at eating you are .

      It was not long ago , Mr . Mercury , that you sneered at Mr . O'Connor , because he drew a perfectly legitimate deduction from a plain unmistakable fact of experiment : and yon asked if it were " possible that any man in Europe conld be so ignorant , Ba to be imposed open by suoh » monstrous mass of absurdities" ! The fact which Mr . O ' Connor detailed , was , that Mr . John Linton , of Selby , Yorkshire , nineteen miles from Leeds only ( not in Japan ) ; had proved to himself , from actual practice ; from actual experiment ; that a little more than three roods of land , with more than one-third of it in grass , could be made to produce , after paying a

      back rent , and after paying taxes , and for seed , and f > r wear and tear of implements : Mr . John Linton PROVED to himself , that he could , from the abovespecified small extent of land , and that too not of the best quality , but far from it when he began his experiment ^ and with l ess than two-thirds of it in cultivation : the fad from whioh Mr . O'Cowwob drew his deduction was , that Mr . John Linton made manifest , at Selby , no further from Leeds than , Selby—one hour's ride—that 4 ^ 021 square yards of land , with 1 , 350 square yards of it ia grass ; that this small extent , when partially cultivated , could be made to yield crops worth £ 57 , after paying rack hent , taxes' for seed , and for wear and tear of

      implements ! Such was the fact narrated by Mr . O'Connob , on the authority of Mr . John Linton himself , who is no stranger in Selby , which is only nineteen miles from Leeds ; and the inference that Mr . O'Conuok drew from that fact was , that if three roods of Land would leave £ 57 , after payments as above set forth , foub acres cultivated in the same manner only : i . e ., with more than one-third ofit in grass , won ld leave £ 305 . This fact , and the naturally-formed inference from it , the Mercury designated " a monstrous mass of absurdities" ; and asked "if it was possible for any man in Europe to be bo ignorant ' [ yes , IGNORANT was the word !] " as to be imposed upon" by them ?

      It happened , however , that the " profound" Mercury , had himself vouched for the accuracy of a much more apparent " monstrous mass of absurdities , " which made the doings of Mr . Linton , extraordinary aa they appeared to the " Profound Political Economist , " to be a mere bagatelle , when compared with the doings of the " potatos-qrower " of the Mereury . We have , just how , to report some more * doings" of Mr . John Li . vton , who lives at Selby ; and' a portion of those doings relate to a potatoe-growing" too ;—( perhaps he has been

      trying to beat the Mercury ; with what success we shall soon see ) . Indeed , the main object that we have in view is to chronicle those " doings" of Mr . Linton , round-about as we may appear to go to work to accomplish that object . Tho fact is , that a bare sight of Mr ; Linton ' s letter brought to mind the agricultural labours of the " profound" Mercury " Potatoe-grower ; " and we could not refrain from cooking up " the mess" orei again , and having a tete-a-tete with " the grower" while we " skinned his murphy ' J

      We will- very eoon have Mr . Linton's account of his new doings ; but it shall be by way of dessert . The meal : i . t . the feed , shall be the Mercury ' s own . Whether his potatoes are " meally" or not , will be best proved by the eating . First , then , for tho sneer : and then the dish of " Prince Regents , " warmed-ap , and seasoned with pepper . "Chartist Prospects—That very profound politician and political economist , Mr . Feargus O'Connor , is at present engaged in developing a plan for the

      advancement of the wealth and happiness of his followers , and for securing the success of the Charter . This scheme is beautifully simple , and is comprehunded in the single sentence— ' Get possession of the land . ' Not all the land , that is unnecessary ; but each Chartist is to buy or rent ? four acres . Having accomplished this object , be is to set about the cultivation of bis farm , and the following he is assured will be the reward of his labours ; n large ironfonnder , of the name of Linton , at Selby , in Yorkshire , the Chartists are toid , cultivates three roods cf land , near the town of Selby , with distinguished success .

      "' And now , says Feargus , ' for the result of bis experiment ; Uwe quote Mr . O'Connor ' s own ¦ words )—• upon this three quarters of an acre he last year fed two cows and eight pigs , besides a quantity of poultry , and bad vegetables for bis table . We will suppose the eight pigs to consume as much as two cows , in order that we may come to something like a calculation of raloe . To Jo this be bsa sot cultivated anything near the entire of the three quarters of an acre and he gives his labourer 3 s . a day fox every day ' s work . Leaving out , then , everything font the four cows , see what the profit of nineteen days' labour leaves , for that is , I understand , the cumber of day a' work required for all Mr . Linton ' s operations up to the present time . If an operative can now sell his labour for fifceeu shillings a week , he considers himself a happy man ; and let us

      see by this seals what it would be worth . We mast sot suppose i that Mr . Linton'a bad ground possesses ranch cnarm beyond that which labour can communicate , and the following is the result upon three quarters of an acre . He feeds , or could feed , four cows . Suppose snch covra to give six quarts of milk at a meal , for the six summer months at 2 il . per quart , each cow produces £ 18 As . worth of milk ; but to be under , take £ 3 4 s . from the prodnce of each , it leaves profit upon the four eoira £ 60 tor thirty days' labour , and ] hi . rest , for this land is not worth more than £ 1 the acre , or 15 s . for three quarters of an acre . Now four acres cnltivated in the same way , would leave , after ded acting the £ 3 4 a . from the above moderate cost of production and price , the sum of £ 300 per annum , out of -wh \ ch £ i for rent should be paid . '

      • ' Is it possible that any man in Europe can be so ignorant as to be imposed upon by this monstrous mass of absurdities ? ' And is it farther possible that euoh a man should set himself up for the founder of a political sect ? which is in due time to swallow up all other political parties , and to become Lord of the Ascen > dant . "— Leeds Mercury , May 6 th , 1843 . Now , it might , in all conscience , be considered a full answer to the above specimen of Mercurial" profundity" to adduce ihe statement of Mr . Linton , as to what he has actually done with his little more than three roods ofi ground . It might be considered , and would be , a . fnll crushing answer to this sneering M Political Economist , " to show that when Mr . Linton ' s three roods , partly cultivated , leaves £ 57 , after paying a " BACK-rent , " and payment of taxes too , as

      well as for seed , and wear and tear of implements , toub acres . cultivated in the same manner , and bearing the same rate of expence , would leave £ 305 !! as I ; bave conclusively shown in the foregoing part of this letter . This , I say , might be considered , and ] would be , a sufficient answer . But I will not leave it there . I will not content myself with that statement and that showing . Mr . Linton is not the only one "who has been trying experiments with small portions of land . Others have turned their attention tothi ? matter , as . well as Mr . Lintoa ; and I am happy tb be atle to give tho results of a series of " experiments , " which fully bear out Mr . Linton ' s statements , and are besides hard " facts" which wiil takeailthe * ' profundity" of thfe"Poluical Economist " of the Mercury te overcome I litre is the statement .-

      Untitled Article

      ;«< Growth of Potatoes .- —A correspondent , who takes a good deal of Interest in the productioa of potatoes , and who on a former occasion furnished us with a communication On this subject , sends us the lolloping as the result of hia labours . The experiments majr be found veiy useful to those parties who arejast now engaged in cultivating small plots of ground . The plan has been pursued for two yean ; the month of March in both years being selected for planting . In order to show which plan is the most productive , every tow ; of potatoes Is reckoned ten yards long , and the first row to produce 40 pounds : — lbs . " 1 st . Ashtop Potatoes , siza of a ben egg , out in ; two , but planted befoTethey begin to sprout ;

      many small ones when rjpe * o " 2 nd . Ashtop Potatoes , cut in two , but sprouted one inch before they were planted ; the tops were shorter and the potatoes ready for use fourteen days sooner ; when ripe , few small so > ' 3 rd . Ashtop potatoes , the size of a goose egg . planted whole , and sprouted one inch ; When full grown very bushy , and few small ... 40 '' 4 th . Ashtop Potatoes , cut in two , and sprouted one inch ; they were ready fox ubb fourteen days sooner than the above ... ... 45 < " 5 th . Ashtop Potatoes , cut in two , and planted before they begun to sprout ; when ripe , part Btriall ... 40

      " It appears in this statement , that one Ashtop potatoe , the sizs of a hen : egg , cut in two , produced the same weight as the sizo of a goose egg set whole : the only difference is , that there were less small in the . Utter ; and it will be found that a potatoa cut in two , will , after bating tn&delis appearance above ground , in the course of ten or fourteen days , appear more promising than a whole potatoe ; in about a fortnight afterwards , however , the whole one will take tho lead , bat the cut potatoes will be ready for use first . * lbs . " 6 th . Prince Regent Potatoes , the siza of a wallnut , planted whole , before they began to sprout ... 80

      " 7 tb . Prince Regent Potatoes , cut in pieces , to as to leave enly one eye for a plant ; very weak ... 30 " 8 th . Prince Regent Potatoes , the tf ! 5 » of a cricket-ball , cut in two , but sprouted one inch ... 160 V 9 th . Prince Regent Potatoes , sprouted one inch , and planted whole' ... ... .. ... 120 " lfltb . Prince Regent Potatoes , cut in pieces , so as to leave only one eye for a plant ; strong tops ... 60 " llth . Whole Prince Regents , the siza of a child ' s ball , planted with long stable litter ... 22 ' All the potatoes ( excepting No . 11 ) were planted With manure composed of ashes , road-sctaplngs , lime , soot , night soil , &o ., well mixed together .

      "The laud is rich black soil , clay , sand , and red earth , anil in order to ensure a fair trial , six rows of each sort of potatoes were planted ia different parts of the field . ; and potatoes have been grown on the same land for four years , and the last crop has been the best . ' ! Our correspondent formerly sent an account of 10 yards 10 ixbes producing 10 stones 5 lbs ., the tops weighing 7 atones 3 16 s , ; out of 12 rows , meaBUrins 10 yards each , he obtained 70 stones G lbs ,, or out of 120 yard , 985 lbs . of potatoes : 24 of these potatoes weighed 28 lbs . "Ashtop Potatoes . —The ridges were twenty inches asunder ; Prince Regents , ¦ ... ... thirty inches . "

      Now , where does the reader imagine I have picked up thia statement ? Where is it from ? From the Chartist , Mr . Linton ? or from a Chartist at all . NoJ It is from tho Leeds Mercury itself . ' ! ! Tho " correspondenl" ia tho Mercury ' s own ; and the truth of this " monstrous mass of absurdities" is vouched for by the Mercury ' s " profound "' self ! Let us examine this statement . Let us analyse it . Let us see if it does bear out both Mr . Linton and myself . One row , ten yard 9 long , produced , of Prince Regent ' s potatoes ( No . 8 , in statement ) 1601 bs . This sort was planted in rowa thirty inches apart .

      A small plot of land , ten yards long , and ten yards broad , making 100 square yards in all , would have twelve rows , ten yards long , producing 1601 bs . each row , ; or l , 920 lbs . in the whole . In an acre of laud , there are 4 , 840 square yards . If 100 square yards produce 1 . 9201 bs , one acre cultivated ia the same way will produce 92 , 92 Clba ; and four acres will produce 371 , 7021 bs . A bushel of potatoes is accounted to weigh 7 " 21 bs . when bought by weight , 721 b . is given to the bushel . One hundred square yards will therefore produce 26 . ^ bushels ; an acre will produce l , 2 S 0 bushels ; aud four acres 5 , 160 bushels . Potatoes are now Balling , from tho boats at Warehouse-hill , in Leeds , at 9 d . for 481 bs ; i . e . la . 1 id . the buf-helof 7-2 ! bs .

      This price is extremely low ; lower that has been known for a . considerable period . Tho average price is accounted Is . 6 d . per bushel . I will , however , take the present market price , If one bushel of Potatoes sells for Is . Id ., the preduce of four acues , 5 , 160 bushels , will sell for £ 29923 . id . \\\ Bravo " profundity" ! I estimated the yearly amount of produce of four mores , when cultivated so as to give FIVE CROPS in three years , at ^ 300 ; and ; THE " Political Economist" of the Mercurt /

      exclaims " is it possible that any man in Europe can be so i « norant as to be imposed ' upon by this monstrous mass of absurdities . " The Mercury himself J shows from , actual fact , from stern stubborn " experiment , " that four acres , tcith only ONE CROP per year , will produce £ 290 2 s . 4 d . ! !! Where now is the sneer ! The Mercury ' s man has beaten Mr . Linton hollow ! // is" monstrous mass of absurdities" are sober statements , compared with the " monster montrosit ies " of the Mercury . Let us examine each of them .

      Mr . Linton ' s statement is , that upon l , / 48 yards he produces 140 bushels of potato ? p . Tho Mercury ' s Man produces upon 1 , 748 yards 466 bushel 3 !! ! or MORE THAN THREE TIMES THE QUANTITY ! Mr . Linton , with his mode of cultivation , keeps upon the produce of bis little more than three rood ? , two cows and eight pigs . For tho Fake of simplicity , iu that letter from which the Mercury made his extract , I supposed the eight pigs to consume as much as two cows ; and assumed that the produce would maintain four cows . The Mercury ' s Man , if he could produce five crops in three yearst with as great an increase upon Mr . Linton ' s produce as in the case of the potatoes , would be able to keep three times the quantity [ of cattle I Should we say that Mr . Linton could keep four cows , the Mercury ' s Man could keep

      twelve I Should we say , what is the actual fact , that Mr . Linton keeps two cows and eight pigs , the Mercury ' s Man could keep six cows and tujenty-four pigs ! But should we sink the p'i fts altogether , as ihe Mercury seems to doubt the pig-keeping capability of three roods of land , and say that Mr . Lintoa only produces food for two cows , the Mercury ' s man would fiad food for six !! Mr . Linton , with his two cows , and his 140 bushels of potatoes , calculated at Is . the bushel , shews a return for labour of £ 57 3 * .- 4 d ., after rent , taxes , seed , and wear and tear of implements has been paid . The Mrrcnry ' s man would have a return for labour of £ 171 10 s . for the little more than three roods !! If he ceuld do this with the amount of land Mr . Linton farms , he could produce from four acres the sum of £ 8 U 6 a . 2 d . ! ! 1

      And "THE Political Economist" of the Mercury ^ " profoundly" sneers at me for saying that the produce of four acres might be made to amount to £ 300 . Let his' Profoandship' try again . " Now then we have had the "feed "; and a precioas one it is , to say that it is provided at the expense of a " profound political economist . " We will now serve up the dessert , provided by a plain " ignorant ' grower of masses of absurdities . " Here it is : — " Selby , Aug . 17 th , 1843 . " Dear Sir , —I have now reaped the whole of my first crop of cabbages and potatoes for this year . The following is the result . I have had 7400 early York cabbages from the plots ef lands Nos . 2 and 3 . On the 2 nd o / June some of them weighed 7 lbs . each . I sold them to persons to retail at thirty-two for a shilling . What I sold was the heart of the cabbage cut out ; the remainder

      I gave to the cattle ; some weighing as much as FOUR POUNDS AFTER THE 11 EAUT WAS SOLD . I had a great number of people to see them ; sod all declared they were the finest crop they had ever seen . No . 1 was plauted with potatoes , called Early Alaiza . I have had this crop measured ; the produce was at the rate of 568 bushels per acre . I sold them at 2 a . per bushel . I have now an excellent crop ef S wedish turnf ds on the same ground , plot No . 1 . On the 13 th of June No . 3 was planted with Prince Kkgent potatoes . To all appearance , at present , this will be a most extraoRdikaky crop . I never , in all my life , saw anything to equal it . No . 3 ia planted with Swedish turnips . They are the finest I have seen anywhere this season . Many of them are now aa large as a cricket ball . I cannot ovea imagine to what an < xtent the land may be made to produce . Tne improvement in ray crops every year is so great as to perfectly astonish

      me . I am , dear Sir , yours , moat respectfully , " John Linton . "

      Quantity of land , No . 1 ... 825 equare yards . No , 2 ... S 23 ditto . No . 3 ... 923 dittu . No . 4 ... 1360 ditto in grass . Total , ... 4021 Ah I Mr . Linton is not a " profound political economist "; or ho would have known that "improvement ! ' iu crops is impossible . " " It is impossible for U 8 to grow food enough in England ; " " don'ti ; therefore we can ' t . ' * buch are the AXIOMS of " profound political economy ' : had Mr . Linton learned them rightly ; i . e . to the exclusion of all sensej common and uncommon , he would have bad no doubfc respecting the capabilities of the soil . His " imaginings" as to " what amount the Land might bo niado to produce" would have been very Email ! .

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      Seven thousand four hundred cabbages from one thousand eight hundred and forty-six square yards of land ! and some of them weighing seven pounds each by the 2 nd \ of June !! and at Selby too 1 so near Leeds as Selbv ! Really if this be true , and done so near home ; our home , aud tho home , too , of the man of " . profundity "' , if this be even so , we shall begin to doubt some of the axioms of " political economy , " and ! entertain a faint idea that good Old England may jet be made to produce enough of food for us , without our having to set the Americans to work to keep : our jaws going ! ' -

      It was only the hearts ot his cabbages that Mr . Linton sold ; he kept the rest for " fodder ; " some of the " learings'j we' 8 hinS do less than 4 Iba . each . Say that he had 2 lbs . each , from the whole 7 , 400 cabbages sold : ] here would be food for a cow , for ninety-three day ? , at 160 lbs . a-day ; and this too , after selling £ 12 worth of hearts : and all from a piece of Land only containing 1846 square yards . Verily Mr . Linton has cause to say , "it is almost impossible to imagine what The Land can be made to produce . "

      We had heard of these cabbages , before Mr . Ljnton sent the account inserted above . Is happens , as we have before stated several times over , that Selby is only distant from Leeds some nineteen miles . It so happened too , that the main , or at least a large portion , of Mr . Linton ' s cabbages have found their way into Leeds market ! Loads of them have been fetched from Selby to LeedsJby Leeds green grocers , and soM to the Leeds Lieges in the Vicar ' s Croft market .. Many of the teeth of ( the " Leeds Loiners" have come in

      contact with MrL Linton ' s " monstrous mass of absurdities " : but they have gotten through them , and they have digested better , and done more good , than any the " profound" mm of the Mercury ever served up , always saying and excepting his " dish" of " prime potatoes" ! But the cabbages are not all . There , has been a crop of potatoes ; and again there are crops of Swedish turnips and potatoes now on the ground . The potatoes are of the Mercury ' s own

      sort—Prince Regents . Mr . Linton says that " the crop promises to be a most extraordinary one ; " he never , " in all his life , saw anything like it . " Ah he never saw the crop the " profound" man grew ! He uever saw the 'crop at the rate of 92 , 926108 . per acre ! He has yet to hide his ** diminished head . " His " Early Maize crop , " though most extraordinary for early potatoes , was only at the rate of 40 8961 bs . per acre . " Profundity" beat that ! How matters will stand , when Mr . Linton reaps his Prince Regents , remains to be seen . But we would

      seriously recommend the "Profound Political Economist" of the Mercury to run down to Selby to see them growing , if he can spare so much time from his " profound" studies . He can then judge whether he is likely lo be "done , " or not , in the matter of " tafcer growing ; " and , if necessary , hatch a " thumper '' or two to get himself out of the mess . It ought to be mentioned that the Prince Regent potatoes now growing in Mr . Linton ' s small plot of Land , were planted according to the directions given in Mr . O'Connor ' s work on the management of

      Small Farms . The number of that work containing the general instructions relative to potato-planting , reached Selby just about when Mr . Linton was ready for planting his Plot No . 2 with potatoes for a second crop . He was much struck with the reasoning ; of Mr . O'Connor on the subject ; particularly with that portion of it contending for the' great advantage of planting sets whole , and uncut ; and these , too , the largest of the sort of potato you plant . He therefore wisely determined to try it . He planted the largest Prince Re gents he could procure ; planted them whole ; and his letter says that " he never , in all his life , saw anything equal to the promised crop . "

      And now then working-men , a word with you Do you think that the land would not do as well for you , individually , had you but your share of it , as it does either ( for Mr . Linton or the " profound " Mercury ? Could not you manage to dig it with a spade ; to rake it with a rake ; to hoe it with a hoe ; to put " muck" on it , and spread it , and dig it in ; to plant cabbage-plants , or " set" potatoes % Could you not managejto " cut" your cabbages when they were grown ; apd " get" your potatoes when they were ready ! Could you not manage to do these things ! For it is only these things that Mr . Linton dees , to get the " extraordinary" crops , that he is every now land then telling us of .

      Labour applied to tub land is the secret oi Mr . Linton ' s succe&BJ There is no other secret about it . He has not sun , day and night , as some of you might suppose . He has no means of causing tho shower to come , only wheB God pleases to send it . He cannot keep off frosts , or cause dry weather , when it is " sleeping « veL" He can do none of these things . He can only watch the seasons as they come , applying labour so as to take the greatest advantage of them . You have the labour . You only want The Lanb whereon to employ it : and then you could live well , if you could manage to eat what you grew . To get that Land Bhould be your main , your first object ! In another part of this sheet is detailed A PLAN by wkich this LA'ND may be got ; and the means of

      protection when you have it;—political power-. Look that Plan over . Study it well . And if it seems to you , on examination , to be calculated to get you The Land , set to work under it , to carry both objects . Organize under it Apply the means you have at your ] command ; and rov will vbht SOON BS ABLE TO GROW CABBAGES AND POTATOES FOR YOURSELJVES !! You will then not care much about " Baines ' s History of the Cotton Trade . " The Rotten Cottons and the " author" of their " History" and your ( now ) misery , may then go and lament together for " the days of auld lang-syne , ' when Cotton-lords , with their hundreds of thousands

      engrossed in a few years , pleaded edin as a reason why they should drain the ? ast drop of blood from out of the shrivelled and almost dried-up carcases of their workmen . For the present we leave this question . We shall , however , return to it next week . We have not done with the " Profound Political Economist" of the Mercury . We have some more " pie" for him ; not printers' " , " nor potatoe " pie" ; but " political economical" " pie ! " We shall shew that The Land has been prescribed by Mr . Baines himself , as- " our last , our only resouree" I We shall prove , from

      him , and by him , that " one of the natural consequences of machinery must be the decrease of labour" ! We shall shew that he has declared , under his own hand , that " in manufactures , he cannot get a glimpse , of hope respeotingjthem "; " that the common subject of complaint is , the want of employment for both males and females ; for both young , middle-a ^ ed , and old persons "!; that " the introduction of any oihcr manufacture might thift the evil , but would not remove it" ; and that " ho can see [ with us ] no kelp , no emplot , BUT IN THE SOIL" I !! All this we will prove from Mr . Baines ' s own mouth ; and then we shall ileavo him to settle the question of bis " profundity" with tho publio as he likes .

      A fine " pie" for you , readers , next week

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      fate of those countries whose destinies are committed to such misrule . But , in oar grief , we CANNOT FOBGET IBB MOST GUILTT PASTT ! those , who by directing the Reform Bill from its promised purpose , prepared the public mind , by progressive acts of tyranny , for that state of things which they have been mainly instrumental in producing . We can see the injustice of an " Irish Arms' Bill , " as keenly as others We can look with horror upon the first step towards the attainment of an " Irresponsible Standing Army , " and can imagine the uses which may be made of this assumption of power by the minister . In this moye , we see the military force of Britain divided into two distinct armies , having two distinct

      and separate interests : the Parliamentary army , subject to the annual ' vote of Parliament for its subsistence ; and the Royal army , irresponsible to Parliament , and under the command of the Minister . It is folly to talk of Parliament having controul over the " Invalid National Guard ?! '' They have been enlisted for the remainder of life ; and so well matured were the plans of our " physical force " government under their general , that Ministers rejected the limitation of enlistment to five years . We can regret the proposed means for redressing Welsh grievances , by adding new burdens to their already overload of suffering , in the shape of a county police ,

      paidforby the sufferers as the penalty of their rashness for complaining . We can cast a backward glance at ihe " bill of fare , " which , at the opening of Parliament , was laid upon the table , as compensation for the " supplies" to cook it . We can admit the "something promised , " and the " worse than nothing performed . " We can pity Ministerial profligacy in the midst of National distress . But , for the life of us , we cannot see any great distinction between the foul deeds of the past and the foul deeds of all former Sessions . The only difference is that IT WAS NOT THE WHIGS , BUT THE TORIES WHODID IT I

      Had the Whigs perpetrated the Sessional atro * cities , the Tories would have backed them in the good work ; and authority would have gained much that it has lost by the faint opposition of the Whigs . To ramble over the sayings and doings of the two Houses , would be an insult to our readers . We have long laboured to bring corruption into disgrace j and we have at length su cceeded in directing the public mind from the " little minds within" to the " great minds without . " The centralization of the few has triumphed over the disorganized many ; but tha rbused many have at length seen the weakness of their opponents .

      Did the supporters of the Whigs from 1833 to 1841 , attempt to hamper oar tyrant masters , who reigned during that long season of rank oppression t No J no ! Every act of tyranny was palliated by the cry : " the Tories would do worse . " Tne Tories have given a standing army to England ; but did not the Whigs give a standing army to Ireland ! Yea , did they not garrison the very capital with the most odious of all military "forces , " a police " fobce , " under the direction and command of rampant city authority !—a " force" irresponsible save to the passions of their commanders ! Have they not filled

      our peaceful rural distnctswifcb a similar spy "force , " to be paid for by the broken shop-keepers ? Did they not commence the foreign crusades , and civil commotions , which are now ripping open the very bowels of society ! Did they not add insult to injury , by furnishing fat Poor Law officials as a galling contrast with gaunt poverty , which the officials were hired to keep in subjection \ Did they not make extensive promises at the commencement of each session , with , full reliance that those promises would be frustrated iu the Lords 1 Did they not rejeot Sir Hesketh

      Fleetwood's proposal for an extension of enfranchisement , the effect of which would have been to curtail the evil of which they now so loudly complain—the £ 50 tenants-at-will clause ? Did they not " basely compromise" Mr . Ward ' s appropriation clause ? and denounce all further interference with the Irish Church revenues ! Did they not pledge themselves to " RESIST a repfal of the . urooN to the death ! " Did they not propose and enact the Irish Poor Law Bill , so hostile to Irish feelings \ Did they not fill the gaols with political offenders , and mock their appeals even for mercy I Did they not laugh at our petitions ; and deny the

      existence of distress , until the moment of their dismissal , when their hearts became soft ? Did they not even reject , by larger majorities than the Tories had , a Repeal of the Corn Laws ? Did not their leader recommend the magistrates of Staffordshire to call magisterial tyranny to the aid of the law , and to " ruin with expenses" ( Melbourne ) all those who sought protection under the law ! Did not their leader , in the Commons , conspire against the life of Frost , lest he should oust him from Stroud ! And at the present moment does not their stock of Irish sympathy consist in denouncing tho ? e very grievances which they demanded coercion tostifle 1 " Out upon such rascals" !

      A new feature in the English character has now been developed ; and to meet it a new system of sectional agitation is being concocted . The high and mighty are tired of repose , and look once more for the fatigues of effice ; while the subordinates of their party look for patronage under them . To meet the improved condition of English mind , new politi- ' cal devices must be had recourse to . But however varied the system of warfare may be , the people may

      rely upon it , that one and all of the discontented sections are pulled by " head men , " who , while they profess identity of social feeling with those whose champions they would fain be constituted , are themselves actuated solely by political motives . These sectional streams , though flowing in different channels , yea , though moving in apparently different directions , all converge to the OKe point ; AND THAT POINT IS POLITICAL POWER ! ! !

      To meet this sectional warfare , the working classes , who have been sufferers from Whig duplicity and Tory tyranny , must look to themselves , and to their own power ; and to that alone ! Of all things they must bear in miud that the restoration of the Whigs to office would be followed by a temporary repose , to give the newly installed Ministers " another trial ; " and that the more Accursed their acts , THE MORE LIKELY WOULD THEY

      BE TO ENSURE TORY SUPPORT . For ten years England was destitute of an " opposition ; " and her voice of complaint was never heard . Since tha restoration of the Tories , however , she has had an opposition ; and heb WRONGS HAVE BEEN BELLOWED IN PARLIAMENT , AM > HAVE RUNG THROUGH THE WIDE WORLD ! We long longed for what we have got : an organ through which the doings of oppression might be published to all tho nations of the earth : and it is our duty to hold the trumpeters to their post , until echo answers " stay where you are , unless you are prepared to allow those capable of redressing the grievances of which you complain lo take part in making the hws under which those grisvances can no lonter exist J "

      We make no distinction between political sects . We fearlessly- give it as our opinion , that every agitation which does not embrace every principle , and the sacred name , of the Charter , in which the soul of political life breathes , is based upon a desire to restore tho Whigs to office , that the Generals of Brigades may be rewarded for their services ! The men who would withhold the right of self representation , cannot be safely trusted with the guardianship of other men ' s rights I as it b evident that in popular weakness he recognizes his own and his party ' s strength .

      We conclude this general review of factions with A VVAKNING NoTE . The time is fasfe approaching when the Leaders of " moral force " Whiggery will belt upon a PJPULaR outbreak FOR THE RESTORATION OF THEIR PARTY ! And the English cabinet would gladly change the scene of " physical" action from United Ireland to disorganized England , in the hope of reading a wholesome lesson to the Irrs-h paoplo ! Let all of them , however , eewarh how they rouss the British Lion 1

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      WHIG AKD TORY WEIGHED . " TANTARARA—pOGUES ALL ! ROGUES ALL * ' 1 ! The desponding manner in which the Whig scouts in both Houses have reviewed the acts of tho past Session , would lead those ignorant of the treachery , the imbecility , and eowardice of that defunct faction to a belief that their own Sessional Settlements would stand honourable contrast with that of their Tory opponents . The time was—but has passed

      away—when present insult operated as a corrective ; when the crimes of those out of office , though deep as scarlet , became white as snow by comparison with the reigning oppressors' sins . Those were times , however , when the people were in th * habit of allowing [ others to think for them : and the change is tbi result of the people ' s resolve henceforth to thick for themselves . We cm ] - ok with sorrowful reflection upon the acts of the passed StBsior , and mourn over . the

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      4 . THE NORTHERN STAB , j

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), Aug. 26, 1843, page 4, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1227/page/4/